Mathematics MATRICES

MATRICES REVISION EXERCISE

3 4 
5. If X    , then the value of X n is
SINGLE ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS 1 1
3n 4n  2  n 5  n 
 1 2 1 1 0 0  A) 
 n 
B) 
  n  n  n 
1. If A   3 0 2  , B   2 1 0  ,
 4 5 0   0 1 3  n
3n  4  
then AB is equal to C)  n n
 D) None of these
1  1 
 5 1  3 11 4 3
3 2 6  1 2 3  2 2 4
A)   B)  
14 5 0   0 3 3  A  1 3 4 
6. If is an idempotent ma-
 1 2 x 
1 8 4  0 1 2  trix, then x is equal to
2 9 6 5 4 3  A) -5 B) -1 C) -3 D) -4
C)   D)  
 0 2 0   1 8 2  1 1 0 
A   1 2 1 
2. Consider the following statements 7. For the matrix , which of
 2 1 0 
1. There can exist two matrices A,B of or-
the following is correct?
der 2×2 such that AB  BA  I 2 .
A) A 3  3A 2  I  0
2. Positive odd integral power of a skew-
B) A3  3A 2  I  0
symmetric matrix is symmetric
A) only 1 B) only 2 C) A 3  2A 2  I  0
C) Both of these D) None of these D) A 3  A 2  I  0

1 0 0   1 1 
 2 2 
A   0 1 0  A
3. If , then A 2 is equal to
 a b 1 8. The matrix  1 1  is
  2 
2 
A) Null matrix B) Unit matrix
A) Unitary B) Orthogonal
C) -A D) A C) Nilpotent D) Involutory
0 1   0 1 0 
4. The matrix   is the matrix reflec- 9. If A    and B    , then
1 0   1 1 5 1 
tion in the line value of  for which A 2  B is
A) x=1 B) x+y=1 A) 1 B)-1
C) y=1 D) x=y C) 4 D) No real values

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10. The product of two orthogonal matrices to
A) Orthogonal B) Involutory i 0 i 
C) Unitary D) Idempotent P   0 i i 
16. If and
11. If A and B are 3  3 matrices such that  i i 0 
AB=A and BA=B, then
A) A 2  A and B2  B  i i
B) A 2  A and B2  B Q   0 0 
, then PQ
 i i 
C) A 2  A and B2  B

D A 2  Aand B2  B  2 2 2 2
1 1  1 1 
12. A square matrix P satisfies P 2  I  P ,
A)  B) 
where I is the identity matrix. If  1 1  1 1 
P n  5I  8P , then n is equal to
A) 4 B) 5 C) 6 D) 7 1 0 0 
13. Matrix A is such that A 2  2A  I , wheree 2 2  0 1 0
C)  D)  
I is the identity matrix. Then, for n  2 ,  1 1   0 0 1 
A n is equal to
17. Assuming that the sum and product given
A) nA   n  1 I B) nA  I below are defined, which of the following
is not true for matrices?
C) 2 n 1 A   n  1 I D) 2 n 1 A  I
A) A+B=B+A
x  5 10 5  5  B) AB=AC does not imply B=C
 y  1  5 2 13   0  C) AB=O implies A=O or B=O
14. If   40     , then the
 z  10 4 6   5  D)  AB  '  B'A '
value of x  y  z is
A) 3 B) 0 C) 2 D) 1 3
7 1 2    4
4  2
18. 9 2 1    2  is equal to
 cos 2  sin  cos   5  
15. Let A    and 
cos  sin  sin 2  
43  43
 cos 2  sin  cos  A)   B)  
 2  , then AB=O if 44  45
 cos  sin  sin  
45 44
A)   n, n  0,1, 2 C)   D)  
44 45
B)     n, n  0,1, 2
19. For any square matrix A, AA T is a
 A) unit matrix
C)      2n  1 , n  0,1, 2
2 B) Symmetric matrix
 C) Skew - symmetric matrix
D)     n , n  0,1, 2 D) Diagonal matrix
2

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 2 1  ab b2 
20. If A    and I is the unit matrix 25. If A   2  , then A is equal to
 1 2   a ab 
of order 2, then A 2 equals A) Idempotent B) Involutary
A) 4A-3I B) 3A-4I C) Nilpotent D) Scalar
C) A-I D) A+I
26. If O  A   2  3, O  B   3  2 , and
21. If A skew - symmetric matrix of order 3,
3 O  C   3  3 , which one of the following
then matrix A is
is not defined?
A) Skew-symmetric matrix
A) CB  A ' B) BAC
B) Symmetric matrix
C) Diagonal matrix C) C  A  B '  ' D) C  A  B ' 
D) None of the above
 x  y  z  0 
 1 2    y  z   5 
22. If A    and f  t   t 2  3t  7 , 27. If     , then the values of
4 5   z   3 
 3 6 x,y and z are respectively
then f  A     is equal to
 12 9 A) 5,2,2 B) 1,-2,3
C) 0,-3,3 D) 11,8,3
1 0  0 0 
A)   B)   28. If A  a ij  22 , where a ij  i  j , then A is
0 1  0 0 
equal to
0 1  1 1 
C)   D  1 1  1 2
1 0  0 0  A) 
2 
B)  
2 1 2
23. If U   2 3 4  , X   0 2 3 ,
1 2  2 3 
D) 
4 
C)  
3 2 3 4  3
V   2  Y   2 
and , then UV+XY
 1   4  1 2 
29. If  
f x  x 2
 4x  5 and A   4  3 ,
 
A)  20 B) 20 C)  20 D) -20 then f  A is equal to

 2 1  0 4  2 1 
24. If A    and I is the unit matrix A)  B)  
 1 2  8 8  2 0
of order 2, then A 2 equals
1 1  8 4 
A) 4A-3I B) 3A-4I C)   D) 
1 0  
C) A-I D) A+I 8 0 

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30. If A is square matrix, A ' , is its transpose,
 0 1 0 
1 34. If A    and B    , then the
then  A  A ' is  1 1 5 1 
2
A) A symmetric matrix value of  for which A 2  B is
B) A skew - symmetric matrix
C) A unit matrix A) 1 B) -1
D) An elementary matrix C) 4 D) No real values
0 1
31. If A    , I is the unit matrix of or--  x 1
0 0 35. If A    and A 2 is the identity
der 2 and a,b are arbitrary constants, then  1 0
2
 aI  bA  is equal to matrix, then x is equal to
A) a 2 I  abA B) a 2 I  2abA A) -1 B) 0 C) 1 D) 2
C) a 2 I  b 2 A D) None of the above
 1 2 3   1 2
a h g   2 3 4   2 0 
 b f  and
36. If
32. If A   xyz  , B   h  3 4 5   0 4
 g f c 

x   4 5 6 
P , then P22 is equal to
C   y  . Then, B' AB  0 , if  0 0 1
 
 z 
A) 40 B) -40 C) -20 D) 20
2 2 2
A) [ ax  by  cz  2gxy  37. If X and Y are 2  2 matrices such that
2fyx  2czx ]=0 2X+3Y=O and X+2Y=I, where O and I
B) [ax2  cy2  bz2  xy  yz  zx]  0 denote the 2  2 zero matrix and the 2  2
identity matrix, then X is equal to
C) [ax 2  by 2  cz 2  2hxy  2by
+2cz=0 1 0  2 0 
A)   B) 
D) [ax 2  by 2  cz 2  2gzx  2hxy
0 1  0 2 
2fyz]  0
 cos 2  cos  sin    3 0 3 0
C) 
3
A    and D)  
33. If
sin 2   0 0 3 
cos  sin 
 cos 2  cos  sin 
A  are two  1 2 
cos  sin  sin 2    2
 2 
matrices such that the product AB is null 38. The matrix A 
 1 1  is
matrix, then    is   2 
2 
A) 0 B) Multiple of 
A) Unitary B Orthogonal

C) An odd multiple of C) Nilpotent D) Involutory
2
D) None of the above
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 2 1 4 6 8 5
39. If 2A  3B    and
3 2 5 A   4 2 3 
43. If is the sum of a sym-
 9 7 1 
 5 0 3
A  2B    then B=____ metric matrix B and skew - symmetric
1 6 2  matrix C, then B is

8 1 2 8 1 2 6 6 7   0 2 2 
A)   B)   6 2 5  2 5 2 
 1 10 1  1 10 1 
A)   B)  
 7 5 1   2 2 0 
8 1  2 8 1 2
C) 
 1  1 10 1 
D)
 1 10  6 2 
6 6 7 0
40. If Ais a matrix such that A 2  A  1 ,  6 2 5  2 0 2 
C)   D) 
where I is the unit matrix, then A 5 is equal  7 5 1   2 2 0 
to
A) 5A+I B) 5A+2I 44. Let A and B be two symmetric matrices of
C) 5A+3I D) 5A+4I same order. Then, the matrix AB - BA is
A) A symmetric matrix
1 2 
41. Let A  3 4  and B) A skew-symmetric matrix
 
C) A null matrix
a 0  D) The identity matrix
B  , a, b  N . Then
 0 b  45. If A and B are two matrices such that both
A) There exist more than one but finite number A+B and AB are defined, then
of B's such that AB=BA A) A and B are of same order
B) There exist exactly one B such AB=BA B) A is of order m  m and B is of order
C) There exists infinitely many B's such that nn
AB=BA C) Both A and B are of same order
D) There cannot exist any B such that AB=BA D) A is of order m  n and B is of order
nm
2  3 1
42. If f  x   x  5x, A    , then 46. If A and B are square matrices of size n  n
 1 2
such that A 2  B 2   A  B  A  B  ,
f  A  is equal to then which of the following will be always
true
 7 0   0 7 
A)   B)   A) AB=BA
 0 7   7 0 
B) Either of A or B is a zero matrix
7 0  0 7  C) Either of A or B is an identity matrix
C)   D) 
0 7  7 0  D) A=B

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 cos 2  cos  sin   0 2y z

47. If   
E    and x  z 
 cos  sin  sin 2   51. If the matrix A =  y
is
 x y z 

 and  differ by an odd multiple of , orhtogonal then
2
1
then E    E    differ A) x   B) 6y 2  1
2
A) Unit matrix B) Null matrix 2023
C)  3z 2  1 D) x = y = z = 1
C) Diagonal matrix D) None of these
52. Solve the following equations for X and Y
 1 2 1 1 0 0 3 3 0 
A   3 0 2  B   2 1 0  2X  Y  
2 
&
48. If and , 3 3
 4 5 0   0 1 3 
4 1 5
then AB is equal to 2Y  X   we get
 1 4  4 

 5 1  3 11 4 3 2 1 1 
3 2 6  1 2 3 A) X  
A)   B)   1 2 0 
14 5 0   0 3 3 
1 1 2
B) Y  
1 1 2 
1 8 4  0 1 2 
2 9 6 5 4 3  2 1 1 
C)   D)   C) X  
 0 2 0   1 8 2  1 2 0 

 1 1 2 
MULTIPLE ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS D) Y  
 1 1  2 
49. If l,m,n are direction cosines of a line which
is not perpendicular to any one of the axis, 53. If , ,  are angles of triangle such that
then which of the following is always False?
 cos  sin  
  2 m  n 
f       sin  cos   then the
 
 
A  m m mn 
2
Given that
 n mn n 2  A) matrix
 
A) A is idempotent B) A is orthogonal  cos(  ) sin(  ) 
f    .f ()   
C) A is involutory D) A is periodic   sin(  ) cos(  ) 

1 2 a
n
1 18 2007  B) matrix f ()f ()f (  )   I 2
 4    0
 36  C) matrix
50. If  0 1 1
 0 0 1  0 0 1   cos(   ) sin(   ) 
f ()f (  )   
then  n  N    sin(   ) cos     
A) a = 191 B) n = 19 D) matrix f ()f (  )  f (   )
C) n = 9 D) a = 190
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54. Which of the following is TRUE? 60. Let A = a ij be a marix of order 3 wheree
A) If A is skew symmetric then KA is also skew
symmetric, where K is a scalar  x if i  j; x  R

B) If A and B symmetric matrices of same or- a ij  1if i  j  1
then which of the fol-
der then AB- BA is skew symmetric 0 otherwise

C) If A and B are square matrices of same or- lowing does not holds(s) good?
der such that A is symmetric matrix then
A) for x=2023, A is a diagonal matrix
BT AB is also symmetric.
B) A is a symmetric matrix
D) If A is skew symmetric matrix and C is non
C) A is a skew - symmetric matrix
zero column matrix then CT AC is null matrix
D) A2=I if x=0
55. Which of the following is TRUE?
61. Let A,B,C be 3 x 3 matrices such that A is
A) If AB= A and BA= B then both A and B are
idempotent matrices. symmetric, B and C are skew - symmetric
matrices. Consider the statements:
B) If A and B are two idempotent matrices then
matrix AB is also Idempotent if the matrices A (S1 )A13 B26  B26 A13 is symmetric
and B are commute.
C) If A is idempotent and A+ B = I then both (S2 )A 26 B13  C13 A 26 is symmetric
AB and BA are null matrices.
D) If A and B two matrices, such that they are A) Only S2 is true
commute then ( AB)n = An Bn when n  N . B) Only S1 is false
56. If a,b,c,  R such that abc = 1. If C) Both S1 & S2 are false
a b c  D) Both S1 & S2 are true
b c a 
A=   is orthogonal matrix then 62. Let  and  be two real numbers. Con-
 c a b  sider a 3 x 3 matrix A such that
the possible value of a  b  c is/are
3 3 3
A 2  3A  I and A 4  21A   I , then
A) 4 B) -4 C) -2 D) 2
A)    is positive
57. If P is an orthogonal matrix and A is a
periodic matrix with period 4 and B)  is negative
T T 2025
Q  PAP then XP Q P will be
equal to C)  is positive
A) A B) A 2 C) A 2023 D) A2025 D)    is negative
  cos  sin  
58. Let   and A   , then 1 1 3
5   sin  cos  
63. If A = 2   , then
B  A  A 2  A3  A 4 is   3 1 
A) symmetric B) skew- symmetric A) A30 A
C) idempotent D) involutary
B) A 25  A
59. If AB= A and BA= B then
A) A 2 B  A 2 B) B2 A  B2 C) A 25  A  I  A 30

C) ABA  A D) BAB  B D) A is periodic matrix

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 MATRICES Mathematics
64. Which of the following is TRUE?
 p q
 2 4 67. Given that the matrices A   
A) If 
 q p 
 is a nilpotent matrix of index
 1 k   r s
'2' then k= -2 and B    are commute, then the
 s r 
 ab b 2  possible value of
B) If  2  = A then A 2 is nilpotent
 a  ab  1
matrix of index 2 A) p  2023 B) q 
2023
 1 1 3
 5 2 6  C) r  2023 D) s  2023
C) If A =  then A is nilpotent
 2  1  3  COMPREHENSION TYPE QUESTIONS
matrix Passage-I
 2 2 4  A pythagorean triplet is triplet of positive
 1 3 4  integer (a,b,c) such that a 2  b 2  c 2 and
D) If A=  is an idem-
 1 2  k  1 2 3
potent matrix then k= -3 2 1 2 
given that P =  ;
1 2 3  2 2 3 
4 5 6 
65. If A =  ,  1 2 2
 7 1 0   2  1  2 
1 0 0 Q=  and
 2 2 3
0 3 0 
B =  and Trace (AB) =
 0 4 5   1 2 2
 Trace (A). Trace(B) then  2 1 2 
R= 
20  2 2 3 
A) B) negative
27 68. If we write pythagorean triplet (a, b, c) in
C) less than one D) rational number
66. The solutions of the matrix equation a 
b
1 1  column matrix form as   then which of
x2    is
 2 3  c 
 0 the following matrix product is not a
1/ 2
pythagorean triplet?
A)  
 2 2 
3  3  3  6 
 0 1 / 2   4  4  4 8 
B)   A) Q   B) P   C) R   D) R  
5  5  5  10
  2  2 
 2  69. If we write pythagorean triplets (a,b,c) in
 6 1/ 6  row matrix form as (a,b,c) then which of
  1 0  the following matrix product is a
C)  2 4 6  D)   pythagorean triplet?
  0 1 A) (3 , 4, 5)P B) (3, 4, 5) Q
 6 3 
C) (6, 10, 8) R D) (3, 5, 4) R

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Passage-II 74. If we vary K from 1 to n, then first row
A squar e mat r ix A is said t o be a nilpotent first column elements of R will form
mat r ix of degr ee r, if r is t he least posit ive A) GP with common ratio a
integer such t hat A r  0
B) AP with common difference -2
70. If A and B are two nilpotent matrices then
AB will be a nilpotent matrix if C) GP with common ratio 3
D) AP with common difference 2
A) AB  In B) AB= BA
75. If we vary K from 1 to n, then second row
C) AB= A D) ABA = O second column elements of R will form
71. If A and B are nilpotent matrices then A+B A) GP with common ratio a
will be a nilpotent matrix if
A) A +B = AB B) AB= BA B) AP with common difference -2
C) A -B = AB D) A + B = BA C) GP with common ratio 3
Passage-III D) AP with common difference 2
If a square matrix A is said to be 76. If we vary K from 1 to n, then first row
(i) An idempotent matrix if A2 = A first column elements of T will form
A) GP with common ratio a
(ii) Nilpotent matrix if Ak = O , k  N
B) AP with common difference -2
(iii) An Involutary if A2 = I
C) GP with common ratio 3
 2  3  5 D) AP with common difference 2
 1 4 5 
and given that A =  ; Passage-V
 1  3  4 
2 2 
 1 3  4 A  a ij  22    and
 1  2 1
3 4 
B= 
 1 3  4  cos   sin  
S   are such that
0 1  1  sin  cos  
4  3 4 
C=  ST AS  diagonal matrix  D  d ij  22
3 3 4  some suitabully chosen value of
72. Which is nilpotent?
 
A) A B) B C) C D) AC2    0,  . Let M  A 50   mij 
 4   22
73. Which is not idempotent?
A) A 3 C 2 B) A 2 C 2 C) BC 2 D) C2 A 77. If  is the angle that makes ST AS as a
Passage-IV diagonal matrix then 3tan 2 is
A) 0 B) 4 C) 1 D) 5
3  4 
Consider the matrix A    and
1 1 m 12  m 21
78. The value of is
a 6  3 51
B  . Let P be any orthogonal
0 1  A) 0 B) 4 C) 1 D) 5
T T K
matrix Q  PAP and R  P Q P also 79. The value of d11  d 22 is
S  PBPT and T  PTSK P (where A) 0 B) 4 C) 1 D) 5
K  N ). PT represents

Narayana CO Programme CO Spark IIT-JEE 9

 MATRICES Mathematics
MATRIX MATCHING TYPE QUESTIONS List - II
80. Given A,B be two square matrices and p) A is symmetric - matrix
n  N and I is an identity matrix q) A is skew symmetric matrix
Column -I r) A is unit matrix
A) If A is idempotent then (I  A)n = s) A is diagonal matrix
t) A is upper triangular matrix
B) If A is involutary then (I  A)n =
83. If A & B are square matrices of the same
C) If A is nilpotent of index2 then (I  A)n = order such that
D) If A,B, A+I, A+B are idempotent matices, Column- I
then AB + BA =
Column- II 1
A) A  B  (AB  BA) then
2
p) 2n 1 (I  A)
q) I-nA 1 T T
B) A  B  (AB  A B) then
r) 0 2
s) I-A 1
C) A  B  (AB  BA) then
81. Given that in a 3  3 matrix A , a ij repre-
e- 2
th th
sents an element of i row and j column
where i,j=1,2,3 1 T
D) A  B  (A  BT ) then
Column- I 2
Column- II
A) a ij  a jk  a ki  0 then
p) A  A  O
B) a ij  a jk  a ki  0 then
q) A  (B  C)  A  B  A  C
i j
C) a ij  a jk  a ki  (1)  (1) then
r) A  A  A 2
D) (1)i j a ij  (1) j k a jk  (1) k i a ki  0
s) A  I  A
then
Column- II t) A  I  O
p) A is symmetric
0 2b c
q) A is skew- symmetric a b  c 
r) A is A all diagonal elements are zero's 84. If A =  is an orthogonal
 a b c 
s) Trace of the matrix A is zero
matrix now match the following
82. If A = (a ij ) is a square matrix such that
List - I List - II
List - I
A) a 2  b 2  p) 1
1if i  j
A) a ij   then B) b 2  c 2  q) 5 6
0if i  j
B) a ij  0 if i  j then
C) c 2  a 2  r) 1 6
C) a ij  0 if i  j then
D) a 2  b 2  c2  s) 2 3
D) a ij  i 2  j2  i, j then

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 p1 p2 p3   1 3 5
   1  3  5
q q2 q3    and X is a solution
85. Let A =  1 and M ij = minor of 88. If A=
r r2 
r3   1 3 5 
1
the element in ith row, jth column and Cij= set of A x  A where x  N  1 . Then
cofactor of the element in ith row, jth col-
umn and the determinant of a square ma-  x3  1 
trix is equal to the sum of the products of   x 3  1  = _____ Where  is contin-
 
the elements of a row (or column) with their
corresponding cofactors. ued product extends x  X .
List - I List - II      1  1
89. If A =   and B=  and
A) C11  C 22  C33 p) 0     1 1

B) rl M 31  r2 M 32  r3 M33 q) det A A   B then  = ( Where  is complex

cube root of unity)
C) P1M13  q1M 23  r1M 33 r) Tr (A)
90. If X is solution set of the equation A x  I 3
D) q1C 21  q 2 C 22  q 3C 23 s) Tr ( cofactor 0 1 1 
matrix of A) 4 3 4 
where x  N , A=  and I3
NUMERICAL/INTEGER ANSWER 3 3 4 
TYPE QUESTIONS is an identity matrix of order 3 then the

3x 2  minimum value of   cos x   sin x   =

  ____ (  R)
1 
86. If A =  ; B= a b c  and C =
 6x  20
91. If A 2 B  BA then  AB   A  B20 then the
 
last (units) digit of  = _____
 (x  2)2 5x 2 2x 
 2   1 0
(x  2) 2  92. If A =  and A 2  8A  kI 2 , then
5x 2x
be three  1 7 
 2x (x  2) 2
5x 2 
  the value of k = ______
given matrices such that tr(AB) = tr(C) ; 2 q  8 x yq 
where a,b,c, x  R then 93. Let A=   and A  
0 1 0 1 
a 2  b 2  c 2  ______ then x-y = ______
87. Given that A1 , A 2 , A 3 be three 2  2 ma- a b 
94. Let  = A be a symmetric matrix
trices which satisfies the relations
c d 
A i A j  A jA i  O; i  j and i,j = 1,2,3; such that ad  b 2  2 and
Ai2  I 2 , i = 1,2,3. where I2 is a 2  2 2 1 
 3  A  1 2 
identity matrix. If B = 3    . If the sum of the
 
I2   A1  A 2  A3 where , ,  ,  are  2
s
scalars and B(2I2  B)  kI2 then diagonal elements of A is s, then 2 =

______.
k
 _____
     2  2
2 2

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 MATRICES Mathematics
KEY
 1 3 
  1) A 2) B 3)B 4) D 5) D
10 10
  6) C 7) B 8) C 9) D 10) A
95. Let A =  3 1  and B =
 10 10  11) C 12) C 13) A 14) A 15) C

16) B 17) C 18) A 19) B 20) A
1  i 21) A 22) B 23) A 24) A 25) C
T
0 , when i = 1 if M= A BA
 1 26) D 27) B 28) D 29) B 30) B

and AM 2023
AT= B then  = ____ 31) B 32) D 33) C 34) D 35) B
96. Let a ij denote the element of the ith row 36) A 37) C 38) C 39) B 40) C
and jth column in a 3  3 matrix also 41) C 42) A 43) A 44) D 45) C
a ij   a ji for every i and j. Then each 46) A 47) B 48) A
element of the principal diagonal of the MULTIPLE ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS
matrix is ____ 49) BC 50) AC 51)ABC
52) AD 53)ABD 54)ABCD
1 2 2
2 55)ABCD 56) AD 57)AD
1 2 
97. If A =  and 58)B 59) ABCD 60) ACD
 2 2 1
61) AB 62) ACD 63)ABCD
2
f (x)  x  4x  5 then the each element 64)ABCD 65)ACD 66)ABC
in the resultant matrix f (A) is ____ 67)ABCD

  COMPREHENSION TYPE QUESTIONS

98. If   is to be square root of the 68) B 69) B 70) B 71) B 72) B
  
73) C 74) D 75) C 76) A 77) B
two rowed unit matrix then ,  and 
should satisfy the relation 78) A 79) D
 2    k (k R) then k = ____ MATRIX MATCHING TYPE QUESTIONS
80) A-s, B-p, C-q, D-r
1 2 x 81) A-qrs, B-prs, C-rs, D-qrs
0 1 0 
99. If A =  and B = 82) A-r, B-s, C-t, D-q
 0 0 1 
83) A-qrs, B-q, C-pqt, D-p

2 84) A-s, B-r, C-q, D-p

1 y
0 1 0  85) A-s, B-q, C-p, D-q
 and AB= I3 then x + y =
 0 0 1 NUMERICAL/INTEGER ANSWER
TYPE QUESTIONS
__
86) 21 87) 1 88) 1.5 89)256
 1 1 90) 2 91) 5 92) 7 93) 1
100. If A =   = B3  C3 where B and
 0  2 94) 5 95) 2023 96) 0 97) 0
C are 2  2 matrices with integer ele- 98) 1 99) 0 100)4
ments then tr(B) - tr (C) = _____

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 Mathematics MATRICES
HINTS fore A 2  A

1 2 1  2 2 16  4x 
A   3 0 2  and   1 3 16  4x 
01. Since,
 4 5 0   4  x 8  2x 12  x 2 

1 0 0   2 2 4 
B   2 1 0    1 3 4 
 0 1 3  1 2 x 
On comparing, 16+4x=4
1 2 1 1 0 0 
 x=-3
 AB   3 0 2   2 1 0 
 4 5 0   0 1 3 
1 1 0 
 1  4  0 0  2  1 0  0  3 07. Given,
A  1 2 1 
  3  0  0 0  0  2 0  0  6   2 1 0 
 4  10  0 0  50 0  0  0 
2 3 1   7 9 3
 5 1 3  A 2 5 6 2  and A3  15 19 6 
  3 2 6   3 4 1   9 12 4 
14 5 0  Hence, A3  3A 2  I  O
02. Conceptual
 1 1 
1 0 0  1 0 0   2 2 
A 
03.
A   0 1 0  0 1 0 
2
08. We have,  1 1 
 2 
 a b 1 a b 1 2 

1 0 0   1 1  1 1 
 0 1 0   I  2 2   2 2 
 A2  
0 0 1   1 1  1 1 
 2  
2   2

2 

0 1   x   y   X 
04.    
1 0   y   x   Y   1 1 1 1 
 22 
2 2 
Then, X=y and Y=x  
i.e, y=x  1  1 1 1
 
 2 2 2 2 
2 3 4  3 4   5 8 
05. x  X.X     
1  1 1  1  2  3  0 0 
For n=2, no option is satisfied Hence, option
 O
 0 0 
(d) is correct
 Matrix A is nilpotent
06. Since, A is an idempotent matrix, there-
Narayana CO Programme CO Spark IIT-JEE 13
 MATRICES Mathematics
 0
09. Given that, A   
 1 1

Clearly this is not satisfied by any real value of 13. Given, 2

 A  2A  I
10. The product of two orthogonal matrices is an Now, A3  A 2 .A  2A 2   IA
orthogonal matrix
11. Given, AB=A  B  I  2A 2  A  2  2A  I   A
and BA  B  A  I  3A  2I  3A   3  1 I
 B  I and A  I ... ... ... ...
2
 B  B and A 2  A ... ... ... ...
12.  P63  P  I  P   P2  I  P A n  nA   n  1 I

x   5 10 5 5 
 y   1  5 2 13  0 
14. Given,   40   
 z  10 4 6  5 

 25  0  25 
1  
  25  0  65
40  
50  0  30 

0 
1  
  40 
40
80 

 x  0
  y   1 
 z   2 
 x  0, y  1, z  2
Alternate Solution  x  y  z  0 1 2  3

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T T T
 cos 2  sin  cos  
19. We have, AA T   A  A T  AA T
15. AB   
cos  sin  sin 2  
 AA T is symmetric matrix
 cos2  sin  cos   2 1  2 1
  20.  A 2
 A.A   1 2   1 2 
cosin  sin 2     
 cos 2  cos 2   sin  cos  cos  sin    4  1 2  2 
 2 2   
 cos  cos  sin   sin  sin  cos    2  2 1  4 
 cos 2  sin  cos   sin 2  sin  cos  
   5 4 
2 2  
 cos  sin  sin  cos   sin  sin    4 5 
 cos  cos  cos      sin  cos  cos        2 1 1 0 
  4A  3I  4  3
 sin  cos  cos      sin  sin  cos       and  1 2 
 
0 1 
 
 AB  O
 8 4   3 0   5 4 
 cos       0    
 4 8   0 3   4 5 

 cos       cos  2n  1  A 2  4A  3I
2
21. Since, A '   A

    2n  1  , where n  0,1, 2,3...  A 3  AAA
2
i 0 i   i i  
3
and A  A 'A 'A '  A
3

 i and Q   0
 0
16. Since, P   0 i
   Hence, matrix A 3 is a skew - symetric matrix
  i i 0   i  i 
2 1 2  1 2   7 12 
 i 0 i   i i 22. A   4 5   4 5    24 17 
    
 PQ   0 i i   0 0 
Now, f  A   A 2  3A  7
 i i 0   i i 
 7 12   1 2  1 0 
2
 i  i 2 2
i i 2
    3 4 5   7 0 1 
   24 17     
  i2 i 2 
 i2   3 6 
 i 2   
12 9 
1  1 1  1  2 2 
 3 5   8   4 3 
  1 1    1 1    4 0 
 
  4 
 
  4 4 
 
 1 1   1 1 
 3 6   3 6 
17. If AB=O, then A and B may be equal to O indi- f A    
vidually. It is not necessary in any conditions  12 9  12 9 
3  3 6  0 0 
7 1 2     4   21  4  10   8  
 
18.  9 2 1   4  2  2    27  8  5    4   
 5         12 9  0 0 

35  8   43 
   
 40   4   44 
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 3  2 and O  C   3  3
23. UV  XY   2 3 4 2  0 2 3  2 
 
   
 1   4  Matrix C  A  B' cannot be determined.

 6  6  4]  [0  4  12]   4  16   20 27. From given matrix equaiton, we have

1  2 1  5 4  x-y-z=0
2 2
24. A    -y+z=5
 1 2   1 2   4 5 
z=3
2 1  3 0   x  1, y  2, z  3
Again now, 4A  3I  4  1 2    0 3 
  
a
11 a 12   1  1 1  2  2 3
 5 4  28. A   a 
a 22   2  1

2  2   3 4 
 21
 
 4 5  1 2  1 2   9 4 
29.  A  
2

 A 2  4A  3I 4 3  4 3  8 17 
 ab b 2   ab b2   f  A   A 2  4A  5
25. A.A   2  
 a ab   a 2 ab 
 9 4   4 8  5 0 
 
   
 a 2b 2  a 2b 2 ab3  ab3   8 17  16 12  0 5 
 3 3 
 a b  a b a 2 b 2  a 2 b 2 
8 4 
A is nilpotent matrix of order 2  
8 0 
26. O  A '  3  2,O  B'  2  3
1  1 1
(a) CB  A' 30.  2  A  A '   '  2  A  A '  '  2  A '  A 
 
Now, order of CB
1
=(order of C is 3  3 ) (order of B is 3  2 )   A  A '
2
= order of CB is 3  2
2
31.  aI  bA    aI  bA  aI  bA 
Since, O  A '   3  2
2
 Matrix CB+A' can be determined.  a 2 I   aI  bA   bA  aI    bA 
(b) O  BA   3  3
Now, I 2  I and IA  A
and O  C   3  3 2
  aI  bA   a 2 I  2abA  b 2  A  
 Matrix BAC can be determined
(c) O  A  B'  2  3 2 0 1  0 1   0 0 
Now, A     O
0 0  0 0   0 0 
 O  A  B'  '  3  2
2
  aI  bA   a 2 I  2abA
and O  C   3  3

Matrix C  A  B' can be determined.

(d) O  A  B'  2  3

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a h g 2  a2 0  1 0 
A  B    
32.
AB   x y z   h b f     1 1  5 1 
 g f c 
  2  1and   1  5
  xa  yh  zh xh  yb  zf xg  yf  zc Which is not possible at the same time.
Now, ABC=O  No real values of  exists.
  xa  yh  zg xh  yb  zf xg  yf  zc  x 1
35. Given, A   1 0
x   
 y  O
   x 1   x 1
 A2    
 z   1 0  1 0

 ax 2  hxy  gxz  hxy  y 2 b  fzy   x 2  1 x   1 0

  
 x 1  0 1
gxz  yfz  z 2c 
 x 2  1  1, x  0
33. Given, AB=O x 0
1 2 3   1 2 
 cos 2  cos  sin   P  2 3 4   2 0 
4 5 6 
  36. Given,    0
 0 1
cos  sin  sin 2    3 4 5   0  4 

 cos 2  cos  sin    1 2 3  4 5 4 

    2 3 4 8 10 12 
cos  sin  sin  
 3 4 5   0 0 4 
0 0
  5
0 0
 P22   2 3 4 10 
cos  cos  cos       0 

 cos  sin  cos      10+30=40
cos  sin  cos      37. Given, 2X+3Y=0 .........(i)
 and X+2Y=1 .....(ii)
sin  sin  cos      
0 0 1 0 
0 0 where O    and I   
 0 0 0 1 

0 0 on solving eq.(i) and (ii) we get
 cos       0  3 0 
X  3I   
  0 3
    is an odd multiple of
2

2  0   0   a 2 0 
34. A   1 1  1 1   
     1 1 
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 1 1  1 1   6 8 5 6 4 9 
 2 2  2 2  A   4 2 3 andA '  8 2 7 
 
A2    
38.  1 1  1 1  9 7 1  5 3 1 
 2   
2   2 2 
A  A'
 symmetric marix, B 
 1 1 1 1 2
  
2 2 2 2  0 0    6 8 5  6 4 9  
 
 1 1 1 1  0 0  1  
    4 2 3  8 2 7  
 2 2 2 2  2    
 9 7 1  
  5 3 1  
 Matrix A is nilpotent of order 2.
 2 1 4  12 12 14   6 6 7 
39. We have, 2A3B    ....... 1 1
 12 4 10    6 2 5 
3 2 5  2
14 10 2  7 5 1 
5 0 3
and A  2B  1 6 2  ......  ii  44. Given, A  A ', B  B'
 
on multiplying Eq(ii) by 2 and then subtracting Now,  AB  BA  '   AB  '  BA  '
eq.(i) from eq (ii) we get  B 'A ' A ' B'
5 2 2
40. A  A A A   A  I  A  I  A  BA  AB
   AB  BA 
  A 2  2AI  I 2  A
 AB  BA is a skew - symmetric matrix
  A  I  2A  I  A   3A  2I  A
45. Matrices A+B and AB are defined only if both
 3A 2  2IA  3  A  I   2IA
A and B are of same order n  n
=3A+3I2A=5A+3I
46. Since, A 2  B2   A  B  A  B 
1 2  a 0   a 2b 
41. AB       A 2  B2  AB  BA
3 4  0 b  3a 4b 
 AB  BA
 a 0  1 2   a 2b 
and BA    3 4   3a 4b   cos 2  cos  sin 
 0 b     47.     
E  E   
cos  sin  sin 2  
If AB= BA, then a=b
Hence, AB=BA is possible for infinitely many  cos 2  cos  sin  
 
values of B' s. sin 2  
cos  sin 
 3 1  3 1   3 1 cos 2  cos    cos  sin  cos  sin 
42. f  A    1 2   1 2   5  1 2  
     2 2
 cos  sin  cos   sin  cos  sin 
 8 5  15 5   7 0  cos 2  cos  sin   cos  sin  sin 2  
    5 10    0 7 
  5 3      
cos  sin  cos  sin   sin 2  sin 2  
43. we have,

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 cos  cos  cos      cos  sin  cos      
  1 4 2a  8 
 cos  sin  cos      sin  sin  cos      
A 2  0 1 8 
  0 0 1 
 cos  cos  cos  2n  1
2
  1 4 2a  8 1 2 a 
 cos  sin  cos  2n  1  
 2 A3  0 1 8  0 1 4 
 
 cos  sin  cos  2n  1   0 0 1  0 0 1 
 2
   1 6 3a  24   1 23 3a  8 1  2  
 sin  sin   2n  1    0 1

120    0 1 43


 2   0 0 1   0 0 1 

0 0     
   b cos  2n  1   0   n 1

0 0    2  1 2n na  8   1 18 2007 
n0
  
 A n  0 1 4n   0 1 36 

0 0  0 0
1 2 1 1 0 0  
1
  1 

48.
B   3 0 2   2 1 0   

 4 5 0   0 1 3  8
n=9 and 6a  8   2007
 5 1 3 0

A   3 2 6  8 9
6a  8   2007
14 5 0  2
49. Let   cos , m  cos , n  cos  a=191 thus (a,n)= (191,9)
w.r.t  2  m 2  n 2  1& clearly A  A T
0 x x   0 2y z 
  2 m n    2 m n 
51.
A T  A  2y y  y   x y z 
  
AA T   m m 2 mn   m m2 mn   z z z   x  y z 
 n mn n 2   n mn n  
  
  4   2 m 2   2 n 2  3m  m3  m 2  3n  m 2 n  n 3   2x 2 0 0  1 0 0 
 
 0 6y 2
0   0 1 0 
  2 m n 
   0 0 3z 2  0 0 1 
  m m 2 mn   A 
 n mn n 2  1 1 1
  x ,y  ,z  
A2  A 2 6 3
A is an idempotent and also periodic
 3 3 0 
1 2 a  52. Let 2x  y    ....... 1
3 3 2 
50. Let
A  0 1 4  , then
0 0 1  4 1 1 
2y  x    .......  2 
 1 4 4 
Apply 2x(1) + (2) given
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10 5 5 its single elemetn i.e., a ii  0
5x  
5 10 0  Hence, CT AC  is null matrix
On putting value of x in equaiton (1) we get 55. a) By associative law of multiplication
 1 1 2 ABA   AB  A  A.A  A 2 ____(1)
y
 1 1 2 
ABA  A  BA   AB  A ______(2)
 cos  sin  
53. f    f       sin  cos   Hence, from 1 &  2  A 2  A and so A is
  idemptotent
 cos  sin   Similarly, BAB=B(AB)=BA=B_____(3)
  sin  cos  BAB=(BA)B=B.B=B2
 
From (3) and (4) B2 = B and hence B is
So, f    f    f    indempotent
b) As A and B are two idempotent matrices
cos        sin        
  A2 = A adn B2 = B
  sin      cos         Also AB=BA
As,        Now (AB)2 = AB.AB=A(BA) B=A (AB)
 1 0  (AB)2=AB
 f    f  f        1 c) AB=A(I-A)=AI-A2
 0  1
=A-A2=A-A (As A2=A)
54. a) conceptual
b) AB-BA is skew symmetric AB=0
T T T
Similarly, BA=(I-A) A=IA-A2
 AB  BA    AB    BA  BA=A-A=0
T
  AB  BA   BT A T  A T BT AB-BA=0
n
T
  AB  BA   BA  AB d)  AB  ABABAB....AB

T
  AB  BA     AB  BA   A  BA  BA  BA  ..... BA  B
c) As A and B are symmetric matrices, so   n  1 brackets of BA 
A  A and B  B
T T
 A  AB  AB AB ....  AB B
T
  AB   B A  BAT T

 A 2  BA  BA  BA  ....  BA  B2
T
  AB   AB  asAB  BA 
Hence, AB is symmetric, symetric if AB is com-
  n  2  brackets of BA 
mute  A 2 ABAB...ABB2
d) Let order of CT AC is skew symmetric
 A3  BA  BA  ....  BA  B3
matrix, so leading diagonal elements of CT AC
n
is zero.  AB   A n Bn
As CT AC is square matrix of order 1  1 . SO 56. Given abc=1 and A isan orthogonal matrix

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 A 2  A  a 2  b2  c2  1 sin   sin 2  sin 3  sin 4

ab  bc  ca  0  
 4.cos .cos    say 
 a  b  c  1 5 10
and w.r.t
 0 
3 3 3 B    BT   B
a  b  c   a  b  c   0 
a 2
 b 2  c 2  ab  bc  ca   3abc  B is skew symmetric
AB  A BA  B
 1  3 59. 2 2 2 2
=4 or 2 A BA B AB

57. Given that P is an orthogonal matrix i.e, BA  B AB  A

P.PT  PT P  I ABA  AB BAB  BA
A is a periodic matrix with period 4 A B
Q 2   PAP T  PAP T  x 1 0 
 PA  P T P  AP T 60.
A   1 x 1 
 0 1 x 
 PA 2 P T
Clearly A T  A
Q 4  Q 2 .Q 2
 x 2  1 2x 0 
  PA 2 P T  PA 2 P T   
A 2   2x x 2  1 2x   AxR
 PA 2  P T P  A 2 P T  1 2x x 2  1

 PA 4 P T A2  Ifor x  0
Q 2025  PA 2025 P T
61. Given A T  A,BT  B,CT  C
X  P T Q 2025 P Let M  A13B26  B26 A 63
 P T PA 2025P T P T
=A 
Then M T  A13B26  B26 A13 
58. Given T T
  A13B26    B26 A13 
 cos  sin   
A     5  
  sin  cos   5
  B 
26 T 13
A   A  B  T 13 T 26

 cos 2 sin 2 
A2     B26 A13  A13 B26  M
  sin 2 cos 2  M is skew symmetric
Similarly we get Let N  A 26C13  C13A 26
 cos3 sin 3  4  cos 4 sin 4  T T
A3    ;A    sin 4 cos 4  Then N T  A 26C13    C 13
A 26 
  sin 3 cos 3   
 C13A 26  A 26C13
B  A  A 2  A3  A 4 =N
cos   cos 2  cos3  cos 4  0 N is symmetric
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62. Given A 2  3A  I  ab b 2   ab b2 
2
A O  2  O
A3  3A 2  A  a ab   a 2 ab 
 3  3A  6I   A
a 2 b 2  a 2 b 2 ab3  ab 3  0 0 
3
A  9A  A  3I  3 3  
 a b  a b a 2 b 2  a 2 b 2  0 0 
A4   9  A2  3A
 27  6  21  1 1 3  1 1 3 
A 2
  5 2 6  5 2 6 
   1    8 c)   
 2 1 3  2 1 3
 1 3
1 1 3   
2 2  0 0 0 
A   

63. Given 2   3 1    3 1   0 0 0 
 
 2 2  0 0 0 
d) Given A is idempotent
 cos 60º sin 60º  A2  A
 
  sin 60º cos 60º  4  8  k 2  K
 cos  sin     k  4  k  3  0
If A    ; 
k  4  or   3
  sin  cos   3
 cos 2 sin 2  65. Tr  AB   40,Tr  A   6,Tr  B   9
A2    ...
  sin 2 cos 2  20

 1
27
3
 cos 25 sin 25   2 
2 A 2  1 1
A 25    66. Given X   
  sin 25 cos 25    3 1   2 3
 
 2 2 
a b
A30  I Let X   
c d
 2 4 2 a 2  bc ab  bd   1 1 
64. Given that   is a nilpotent of index 2 X  2 
 
 1 K   ac  cd bc  d   2 3
 2 4   2 4  0 0 a 2  bc  1____ 1
 1 k   1 k    0 0 
     b  a  d   1_____  2 
 2 8  4k  0 0  c  a  d   2 ____  3
 2  k 4  k 2   0 0 
    bc  d 2  3_____  4 
k  2 From  2  &  3 we get c=2b
 ab b 2 
b) A   2  from 1 a 2  1  2b 2
 a ab 
from  4  d 2  3  2b 2

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1 common difference 3 the elements of second
from  2  d a column are -1,-3,-5...... A.P of common dif-
b ference -2
1 2a SK  PBK P T  T  PT PBK P1P  BK
d2  2
 a2 
b b
a 2 6  6
2
2b  1  2ab B2   
squaring on both side we ge 0 1 

1 1  a 3 6a  6a  6 
 6b2 1 2b2 1  0  b   6
;b  
2
3
B  
0 1 
 pr  qs ps  qr 
67. AB    a 3 6a 2  6a  6   a 6 
 qr  ps qs  pr  B4    
0 1  0 1 
 pr  qs qr  ps 
BA    a 4 6a 3  6a 2  6a  6 
 sp  rq qs  pr   
Here, equality of matrices is always true, so 0 1 
matrices A and B are commute for each and First row secon column elements are
every value of p,q,r and s
6a 2  6a  6, 6a 3  6a 2  6a  6
 1 2 3   3   26 
 2 1 2   4    20  6a4  6a3  6a2  6a  6
68.      is not a 77,78,79.
 2 2 3   5   29 
2 2  cos   sin  
pythagonorean triplet Given A    S 
 2 1  sin  cos  
1 2 2
 sin 2  2cos2   sin 2  sin 2 
69. 
3 4 5   2 1 2    5 12 13 ST AS   2 2
  sin 2  2cos   2sin   sin  cos 
 2 2 3
  2sin 2   2sin 2  2cos 2   sin  cos 
is a pythogorean triplet 
2sin 2   sin 2  sin 2  cos2  
70. Given that A & C are nilpotent matrices. so that For diagonal matrix
the product is also nilpotent
 according to the law of mutliplicity 2cos 2  sin 2  sin  cos 
AB=BA=O 2cos 2  3sin  cos 
71. Conceptual
72,73. Conceptual 2  cos    sin 2    3sin  cos 
74,75,76.

Q   PAP  tan 2
K T
 PAP  _____ K
T
times 3
 PA K P T 8 2 
T K T K A2   
 R  P PA P P  A 2 5
 5 8 
A2    ....  20 14 
 2 3 A3   
14 1
The elements are 3,5,7.... they from A.P with

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 68 26 
4  4b 2  c 2 2b 2  c 2 2b 2  c 2 
A    2 2 
 26 29   2b  c a 2  b2  c2 a 2  b2  c2 
in M  A50 we get m12  m21  2b 2  c 2 a 2  b2  c2 a 2  b 2  c2 

m12  m 21 1 0 0 
0
350  0 1 0 
a n d
2 2
0 0 1 
d11  d 22  4sin 2  3cos   3sin 
 4sin 2  3cos 2 a 2  b 2  c 2  1;a 2  b 2  c 2  0
25 1 1 1
 a2  b2  c2 
5 2 6 3
80. a) Since A is idempotent, hence, A 2  A 85. Conceptual

 A 3  AA 2  AA  A 2  A, A 4 3ax 2 3bx 2 3cx 2 

 
 AA3  AA  A 2  A  A n  A AB   a b c 
86.
n
  I  A  n C0 I  n C1A  n C 2A 2  n C 2A 2  n C3A 3  ......  6ax 6bx 6cx 

 I   n C1  n C2  n C3  .... A  tr  AB  tr  C 
I  n C0 n C1  n C2  n C3  ... n C0  A  I  A 3ax 2  b  6cx  6x 2  6x  4
b) A is involut ary. Hence a  2,b  4,c  1
2 I 3 5 and 87. B  2I  B    I   A  A  A 
A  A  A  ....  A 1 2 3
A2  A 4  A6  ....  I  I  A1  A 2  A3 
n
  I  A  n C0 I  n C1A  n C 2 A 2 n C3 A3  .... 2
  2 I2   A1  A 2  A 3 
  n C0  n C2  n C4  ... I   n C1A  n C3  n C5  ....A 

 2 n 1  I  A    2 I 2   2   2  2  I 
c) If is nilpotent of index 2, then  A1A 2  A 2 A 3  A1A 3 
2 3 4 n
A  A  A ....  A  O A 2 A1  IA 3A 2  A 3A1 )
n
  I  A   n C0 I  n C1A  n C2 A 2 n C3A3  ...
   2  2   2   2  I
 I  nA  O  O  ...  I  nA
d) Given A,B,A+I, A+B are idempotent.  1 3 5 
Hence, A 2  A, B2  B,
88.
A    1 3 5  A
2 2
 A  I  A  I adn  A  B   A  B  1 3 5 
 A 2  B2  AB  BA  A  B A 2  A, A 3  A, A 4  A,....
 A  B  AB  BA  A  B X  2,3,4,......
 AB  BA  O
2
81. Conceptual 
 x 1  x  x 1 
82. Conceptual   x  1   x 2  x  1 
83. Conceptual x2  
84. Given A.AT  I

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 Mathematics MATRICES

  3  4  5  6    A5 .A 2 .B2  A7 B3
=          .....  3 3
  1  2  3  4    AB  A 2 1B3
20 20
  3  7  13   Similarly,  AB   A2 1
B20
     ..... 
  7  13  21     220  1
3 1 0
 A 2

2 92.  8 49 
 
   A2= 8A+ kI2
89. A   
     1 0   8 0  k 0
 8 49    8 56    0 k 
 22 22       
A2   2  k=-7
 2 22 
2  4 3q 
 4 4  93. A  0 1 
A3     
 4 4 
16 15q 
 32 32  A4  
A6    0 1 
 32 32 
 256 255q 
A9  256B A8  
 0 1 
90. A X  I3 ; x  N
1 0 0  a b 
94. A    and b=c
A  0 1 0 
2 c d 
0 0 1  A T
 A  ,ad  b 2  2
A   I  A 4  I, A 6  I....  2 1  a b   1 2 
X  2,4,6,......  3 3 / 2   c d     
    
 

 cos x
   sin x  ad  b 2  2, 2a  b  1, 2b  d  2
x 2 x 2 Solving above equation we get
2 2
cos  sin  1 3
  b   ,a  , d  3
1  cos  1  sin 2 
2
2 4
 cot 2   tan 2   2 3
2   ,   3
91.  A.B   A  BA  B 2
 A.A 2 B.B  A3B2 S ad 
15
 AB 
2
 A3 B2  A 2 1B2
2
4
1 0 
 A 3B2 AB  A 3B  BA  B T
95. A.A   
0 1
 A 3BA 2 B.B  A3  BA  AB  B2
1 2i 
 A 3A 2 BABB  A 5  BA  B2 B2   
0 1 
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 MATRICES Mathematics
1 3i 
B3    ....
0 1 
1 2023i 
B2023  
0 1 
M  A T BA
M 2  M.M
  A T BA  A T BA 
 A T B2 A
M 3  A T B3A ...
M 2023  A T B2023A
AM 2023A T  B2023
1 2023i 

0 1 
96. Conceptual
97.Conceputal

  1 0 
98.     
   0 1 
       1 0 
         0 1 
    
 2    1
99. Conceptual
3
100.  A  I   A  I3
3 3
A   A  I    I 

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