BACKGROUND

GUIDE UNSC
BEGINNER’S GUIDE TO MODEL UN
What is the United Nations? The United Nations is an international
organization founded in 1945 to maintain international peace and
security, developing friendly relations among nations and promoting
social progress, better living standards and human rights by 51
countries. The United Nations has 6 principle organs.

The UN has 4 main purposes:

• To keep peace throughout the world.

• To develop friendly relations among nations.

• To help nations work together to improve the lives of poor people,

to conquer hunger, disease and illiteracy, and to encourage respect for
each other’s rights and freedoms.

• To be a centre for harmonizing the actions of nations to achieve

these goals.

What is Model United Nations?

 Model United Nations is a simulation of actual United nation
which is done to enhance knowledge about pressing
international issues. It is called Model United nation not mock
United nation because it does not work as exact replica of
United Nations, it is just an attempt to understand working of
United Nations by practicing some of its working mechanism.
Every person who participates is given a country to represent
and are called Delegates of their respective committees. There
are some rules that we follow in MUNs to facilitate the debate
called rules of procedure.

What is considered to be valid evidence in Model United Nations?

Evidence or proof that is acceptable from sources

1) News Sources

a. REUTERS: Any Reuters article which clearly makes mention of

the factor is in contradiction of the fact being stated by a delegate in
council.
http://www.reuters.com/

b. State-operated News Agencies: These reports can be used in the

support of or against the State that owns the News Agency. These
reports, if credible or substantial enough, can be used in support of or
against any Country as such but in that situation, they can be denied
by any other country in the council. Some examples are:
I) RIA Novosti (Russia) - http://en.rian.ru/
ii) IRNA (Iran) - http://www.irna.ir/ENIndex.htm
iii) BBC (United Kingdom) - http://www.bbc.co.uk/
iv) Xinhua News Agency and CCTV (P.R. China)
http://cctvnews.cntv.cn/
2. Government Reports
These reports can be used in a similar way as the State Operated
News Agencies reports and can, in all circumstances, be denied by
another country.

a. Government Websites:

I) State Department of the United States of America -

http://www.state.gov/index.htm
Ministry of Defence of the Russian Federation -
http://www.eng.mil.ru/en/index.htm

b. Ministry of Foreign Affairs:

I) India - http://www.mea.gov.in/
ii) People’s Republic of China - http://www.fmprc.gov.cn/eng/
iii) France - http://www.diplomatie.gouv.fr/en/
iv) Russian Federation - http://www.mid.ru/brp_4.nsf/main_eng

c. Reports of the Permanent Representatives to the United Nations:

http://www.un.org/en/members/
(Click on any country to get the website of the Office of its
Permanent Representative)

d. Multilateral Organisations:
I) NATO - http://www.nato.int/cps/en/natolive/index.htm
ii) ASEAN - http://www.aseansec.org/
iii) OPEC - http://www.opec.org/opec_web/en/

3. UN Reports
All UN Reports are considered are credible information or evidence
for the Executive Board of the Security Council.
a. UN Bodies:
I) Security Council - http://www.un.org/Docs/sc/
ii) GA - http://www.un.org/en/ga/
iii) HRC
http://www.ohchr.org/EN/HRBodies/HRC/Pages/HRCIndex.aspx
b. UN Affiliated bodies:
I) International Atomic Energy Agency - http://www.iaea.org/
ii) World Bank - http://www.worldbank.org/
iii) International Monetary Fund -
http://www.imf.org/external/index.htm
iv) International Committee of the Red Cross -
http://www.icrc.org/eng/index.jsp

c. Treaty Based Bodies:

I) Antarctic Treaty System - http://www.ats.aq/e/ats.htm
ii) The International Criminal Court -
http://www.icccpi.int/Menus/ICC

IMPORTANT NOTE: THIS BACKGROUND GUIDE ISN’T A

VALID SOURCE FOR PROOFS. IT IS JUST FOR
REFERENCE, DON’T RESTRICT YOUR RESEARCH TO
SAME

d. How to prepare for the Model United Nations?

i) General Research and Preparation guidelines
There are three consistently significant parts of representative
planning. They are: useful; meaningful; and positional planning.
Practical readiness outfits the representatives with essential
apparatuses, including a comprehension of the guidelines important
to act in board of trustees. The meaningful component gives
preparation of explicit data on the subject regions. At long last,
positional planning requires the understudies to embrace viewpoints
that are not their own. In light of this, the EB gives three instruments
to help you: this Guide to Delegate Preparation, Background Guides,
and position papers. Together, these will guarantee you will be
prepared for the gathering. Past perusing and understanding the
material we have given, the more pragmatic experience you can gain
through banter, goal composing, making introductions, and so forth,
the more ready you will be.

ii) Meaningful Preparation

The Background Guides are a consequence of broad

exploration and exertion with respect to the Executive Board
and are the establishment of considerable groundwork for
every advisory group. We recommend that you read them, talk
about them, and read them once more. On the off chance that
an agent has not perused and ingested the data in the
Background Guide, the person won't contribute adequately to
the board. An ambitious beginning on the Background Guides
will empower you to completely comprehend the subjects and
start to tissue out your own thoughts. Advise yourself that you
should go about as policymakers, dissecting and shaping the
data you have gotten into arrangements and goals.
 Conversations with different representatives will likewise assist
you with fostering your thoughts. While the Background Guide
will give a large portion of your meaningful readiness,
autonomous exploration is valuable, fulfilling and important
for a fruitful gathering

iii) Positional Preparation

We expect representatives to receive the situation of a particular
country all through the UN reproduction. This is a vital component of
the "global" experience of a model UN as it powers representatives
to analyse the points of view, issues, and arrangements of one more
country at an exceptionally major level. It is additionally quite
possibly the most troublesome parts of MUN on the grounds that
understudies should go up against natural inclinations of their own
public viewpoints and authentic data. The position papers are the
focal point of positional planning before the meeting. Albeit
generally short, we request that you invest energy and exertion on
investigating and keeping in touch with them. Materials arranged by
the EB are not intended to fill in for your individual exploration. All
things being equal, they ought to give a beginning stage, motivating
you to ask yourself inquiries about the current issues. The best-
arranged agents are those that accept the gave materials as the start
of their exploration and dig further into the theme regions. Past
these materials are a large group of data administrations, starting
with United Nations sources. UN's assets regularly have ordered
measurements, outlines, and charts which you may discover
supportive in understanding the issues. Most UN report communities
convey records of UN gatherings; maybe the most ideal approach to
comprehend your nation's position is to see it iterated by its
diplomat.
iv) Research Binder
Researching countries, committees, and topics for the conference is
the most important thing you will need to prepare. As you have seen,
there is so much information available, it can be overwhelming. As a
delegate, you will have to learn your country, committee assignment,
rules of procedure, and how to write Model UN position papers and
resolutions. If all of this data does not get organized into a research
binder, you will not have the information you need when you need
it. While most things are electronic in nature now, for conferences
that do not allow electronics, nothing will be better than having a
physical research binder to take with you. Besides, electronic devices
will most likely not be allowed informal committee sessions, so it will
be best to have all of the information in print form.

v) Explicit assets to research

• Yearbook of the United Nations: The Yearbook is a decent

beginning stage for your examination. The Yearbook will furnish you
with general data on what has been done on your theme during a
specific year. It likewise gives exceptionally accommodating
references to past articles and goals.

• United Nations Chronicle: This magazine gives you general data on

the procedures of the UN. Watch out for exceptional reports on your
theme region, which will advise you about the point and countries'
situations on it.

• UN Document Index: This record for all UN reports comes in three

distinct renditions: UNDI (1950-1973), UNDEX (1970-1978), and
UNODC (1979-present). Contingent upon which of the three you are
utilizing, you will track down a subject record, a nation file, and an
alphanumeric rundown of all reports distributed (this is helpful in
light of the fact that each panel has its own novel alphanumeric prefix
and accordingly you can track down every one of the records put out
by a board of trustees during a specific year paying little heed to the
particular theme.

• UN Resolutions: This arrangement is both significant and extremely

simple to utilize. The record is aggregate from 1946, which implies
that you need just check the most current list to track down every one
of the goals on your point that the UN has at any point passed.

• Other UN Sources: Depending on the subject, there may be extra

pertinent UN sources. Check for books and exceptional reports put
out by the WHO. Past United Nations sources, notwithstanding, are
general wellsprings of data. Explore your school and nearby libraries.
Look at diaries, periodicals, and papers for more current sources.
Remember to ask the curators for help.

• Books: Up-to-date books are probably going to give you a

profundity and exactness that is hopeless from UN sources or
periodicals. Try to check library postings for bound materials. Book
research, in any case, can take a decent arrangement of time, so use
prudence when choosing books.

• Periodicals: Periodicals are valuable for straightforward, current

data on points (the Reader's Guide to Periodical Literature and
InfoTrack fill in as a record for these materials). Try not to anticipate
that they should supply you with the profundity of data you will
require for the Conference
• People: A regularly ignored source; individuals can help you
extraordinarily in your exploration. A few groups to remember are:
bookkeepers, individual agents, personnel counsellors, and your
board of trustees' Director, Moderator, and Assistant Directors. Not
exclusively can these individuals help you discover what you are
searching for, yet they may likewise suggest new sources that you
had not thought of. Try not to spare a moment to call or email your
advisory group Director. The individual has spent the whole summer
doing investigate for the Background Guide and will be glad to
address any inquiries.

• Embassies and Consular Offices: Contact the government office or

consular office of the country that you are addressing. These spots
are happy to help you in your exploration via mailing factual
information and other unclassified data
ABOUT THE AGENDA

INTRODUCTION