Further Reading 2

Read the passage and mark A,B,C or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the
questions.
A WALK IN THE MIDDLE SUN
(When the heat is on, walkers need to be on their guard)
Hot weather makes your heart pump harder, and you are not very fit, you start to
understand why the majority of mountain rescue statistics are made up from summer walkers
suffering heart attacks. Heat exhaustion is quite easy to get when you are making a great physical
effort. It happens when your body can’t produce enough sweat to keep you cool. The answer is
to keep up your water intake. It’s a good idea to drink a pint of water for every 10 degrees
Fahrenheit every hour. So, if the temperature is in the 70s, and you are doing a five-hour walk,
you will need a minimum of around one and a half pints of water. It is vital that you don’t wait
until you develop a raging thirst before you stop for a drink-keep taking regular swigs from your
water bottle.
Many walkers flavor their eaters with fruit juice, which makes it a lot more palatable.
You could even use one of the isotonic drinks made for athletes, which replace the body’s salts
lost through swearing. Powders such as Dioralyte, which you may have in the house as a
treatment for diarrhea, will do the job just as well, as its main aim is also effective rehydration.
Given that evaporation is your body’s cooling mechanism, you can help things along with
an external application of water. Soaking your hat with water is a great way to cool the head,
though if the sun is beating down, it will probably dry off almost immediately. Better still then if
you can plunge into a river or the sea fully-clothed. And if that’s not possible, then at least take
off your boots and socks and paddle in a cool stream.
Walking in the heat increases the rate at which your feet swell, which can lead to them
feeling tight in your boots. Cool water from a stream reduces any swelling and helps general foot
comfort. At the same time, you can check out your feet for signs of blister. Extra sweating makes
the skin softer and increases the chance of blisters forming, in the same way as when water leaks
into your boots and gets to your feet.
As for what clothing you wear, this should be lightweight and reasonably loose-fitting.
Tight clothing will feel uncomfortable and may even lead to the formation of irritating rash
known as “prickly heat” on your skin. The answer, if this does develop, is to try and stay cool as
much as possible. Do this by either keeping in the shade, or washing the affected area with cold
water, but with soap. But prevention is by far the best approach, so keep your clothing light.
It’s understandable to want to remove any extraneous clothing when it’s extremely hot,
but it doesn’t really make much sense to take off T-shirts. The sun’s rays can be quite strong, and
shoulders are always very sensitive to sunburn. This is the worst place to be red and sore when
you are wearing a heavy rucksack on your back. Wearing shorts can also create problems for
walkers, as the backs of the legs can catch the sun very easily.
In fact, those days when an apparently harmless breeze is blowing can be the most
deceptive. It might not feel so hot, so you probably won’t notice the damage being done so soon.
As on every other day then, a good strong sun cream should therefore be applied to any skin
which is exposed. Make the most of the summer, but treat the sun with the respect it deserves.
Question 1. The writer says that hot weather

A. is the main cause of heart attacks.
B. requires walkers to have frequent drinks.
C. is the worst type of weather for mountain walking.
D. ensures that mountain walkers stay fit.
Question 2. What does the writer say about ‘Dioralyte’?

A. It helps to reduce sweating. B. It prevents the loss of body salts.
C. It prevents you from getting diarrhea. D. It works in the same way as an isotonic drink.
Question 3. “It” in line 23 refers to

A. the sun B. your hat C. the head D. water
Question 4. According to the text, when might your feet suffer?

A. when they cool down B. if you are wearing tightly-fitting boots
C. when they are wet. D. If you have to walk through water.
Question 5. According to the writer, it is better to wear loose-fitting clothing because

A. it keeps you cool.
B. it is very light.
C. It is less likely to create problems for your skin.
D. It lasts longer than tight-fitting clothing.
Question 6. What does the writer mean by “extraneous” clothing?

A. clothing which is no longer needed to keep you warm
B. clothing which most people would consider unusual in hot weather
C. clothing which is too tight
D. clothing which is too heavy to wear
Question 7. According to the writer, when are walkers particularly at risk from the effects of
the heat?
A. When they are unaware of the heat B. If their sun cream is not strong enough
C. When there is a strong wind D. If they have suffered an injury
Read the text about Reach Out! Camps and decide if each statement below is True or
False.
Reach Out! Camps

Reach Out! is an organization that runs week-long summer camps, designed to give
young people the skills to be the leaders of the future. The camps help to create confident young
people who wish to improve not only themselves but the world around them. Varying in age
from 12 to 17, young people come to attend the camps in Canada and the USA from across the
world. They spend their time learning leadership skills, considering and discussing important
issues such as pollution and health, and helping in the local community. They also meet many
other young people who have the same interests and beliefs and they frequently make friendships
that will last a lifetime.
There is no average day at the camp and changes are made to the timetable, which is
handed out daily, to allow room for exciting events as they come up. However, camp members
generally get up at 7.30 a.m. and, once they’ve eaten breakfast, start their day with some outdoor
games to get them warmed up for the busy day ahead. There are classroom workshops in the
morning on skills such as public speaking, then there’s an hour for lunch at noon. From 1-2 p.m.,
camp members have the opportunity to select from various activities. In recent years these have
included dancing, song-writing, yoga, and basketball.
During the members’ time at camp, there is a day known as Action Day. This is when
small groups go out with an adult group leader to work with organizations in the neighborhood.
Reach Out! arranges the day several weeks before the actual event and matches the interests and
skills of the camp members with the organizations needing their help. This can involve
organizations dealing with healthcare, housing, journalism or the environment, to name just a
few.
Evenings are spent watching documentary films or listening to guest speakers. One of the
speakers this year will be Helen Yates, who has worked on social projects around the world and
who writes and sings her own songs about the social issues she is most concerned about. Helen
has shared the stage with many of the world's political and religious leaders and has many
interesting stories to tell young audiences about them. Helen’s goal is to encourage the young
people she meets to go out and make the world a better place.
1. Each Reach Out! Summer camp lasts over a week.

2. Reach Out! Camps are held in several countries around the world.
3. Camp members are encouraged to explore environmental and social topics.
4. The timetable is given to the camp members in advance of their stay.
5. Camp members do some activities in the fresh air immediately after breakfast.
6. Lessons on how to talk in front of a large audience are offered at the camp.
7. After lunch there is a choice of things for camp members to do.
8. On Action Day, camp members get the chance to visit local organizations on their own.
9. At this year’s camps, Helen Yates will play songs by musicians from different countries.
10. Helen Yates has lots of interesting information about famous world leaders to share.

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Read the passage and mark A,B,C or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the

Question 1. The writer says that hot weather

Question 2. What does the writer say about ‘Dioralyte’?

Question 3. “It” in line 23 refers to

Question 4. According to the text, when might your feet suffer?

Question 5. According to the writer, it is better to wear loose-fitting clothing because

Question 6. What does the writer mean by “extraneous” clothing?

Reach Out! Camps

1. Each Reach Out! Summer camp lasts over a week.

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