408 Elementary Organic Chemistry for Medical

8
Polymers

1. The process of joining together of many monomers to form a very large molecule is called :
(a) polymerization (b) monomerization (c) dimerization (d) hydroxylation
2. Polymers are formed by :
(a) Joining of repeating structural units (b) joining of repeating various polymers
(c) both (a) and (b) (d) None of these
3. The repeating structural unit which combines to form polymer is :
(a) copolymer (b) homopolymer (c) monomer (d) Both (a) and (b)
4. Which of the following is polymer ?
I. Plastics II. Paints III. Clothes IV. Synthetic rubber
Select the correct option :
(a) I, II and III (b) II, III and IV (c) I, II and IV (d) I, II, III and IV
5. Identify the polymers among the following Bakelite, melamine, nylon-6, ethanol :
(a) bakelite, ethanol, nylon-6 (b) ethanol, bakelite, melamine
(c) melamine, ethanol, nylon-6 (d) nylon-6, bakelite, melamine
6. Which one of the following is natural polymer ?
(a) Starch (b) Nylon-6 (c) Teflon (d) Buna-S, SBR
7. Bakelite is an example of :
(a) Elastomer (b) Fibre (c) Thermoplastic (d) Thermosetting
8. Consider the following statements,
I. Weakest intermolecular forces are present in elastomers.
II. Fibres possess crystalline nature.
III. Ionic bonds are present in thermoplastic polymers.
Select the correct option :
(a) I and II (b) II and III (c) I and III (d) I, II and III
9. Arrange the following polymer in an increasing order of intermolecular forces, fibre, plastic
elastomer.
(a) Elastomer < Fibre < Plastic (b) Elastomer < Plastic < Fibre
(c) Plastic < Elastomer < Fibre (d) Fibre < Elastomer < Plastic
Polymers 409

10. Which of the following polymers does not involve cross-linkages ?

(a) Vulcanised rubber (b) Bakelite (c) Melamine (d) Teflon
11. Which of the following is not true for thermoplastic polymers ?
(a) Thermoplastics are linear polymers.
(b) They soften and melt on heating.
(c) Molten polymer can be remoulded into any shape.
(d) They have cross-linkages which break on heating.
12. Which of the following is homopolymer ?
(a) Starch (b) Polystyrene (c) Orlon (d) All of these
13. Teflon and neoprene are the examples of :
(a) Copolymers (b) Monomers
(c) Homopolymers (d) Condensation polymers
14. Which of the following is a homopolymer ?
(a) Bakelite (b) Nylon 6, 6 (c) Neoprene (d) Buna-S
15. Identify the type of polymer

(a) branched (b) network (c) linear (d) cross-linked

16. Identify the type of polymer

(a) branched chain (b) linear (c) cross-linked (d) None of these
17. Intermolecular force present in nylon-6,6 is:
(a) van der Waals (b) Hydrogen bond
(c) Dipole-Dipole interactions (d) Sulphide linkage
18. Rayon is chemically known as :
(a) cellulose nitrate (b) cellulose (c) cellulose acetate (d) resins
19. From the figure shown below :

(A) (B) (C)

Classification of polymer is based on :
(a) mode of polymerisation (b) molecular forces
(c) structure (d) source
20. Homopolymers and copolymers are the types of :
(a) condensation polymers (b) addition polymers
(c) linear polymers (d) branched polymers
410 Elementary Organic Chemistry for Medical

21. Which of the following statements is incorrect ?

(a) Artificial silk is derived from cellulose.
(b) Nylon-6,6 is an example of elastomer.
(c) The repeating unit in natural rubber is isoprene.
(d) Both starch and cellulose are polymers of glucose.
22. Copolymers are :
(a) polymers made by addition polymerisation from two different monomers.
(b) polymers made by condensation polymerisation from two different monomers.
(c) polymers made by condensation polymerisation of a single monomer.
(d) polymers made by addition polymerisation of a single monomer.
23. Fibres have the characteristic features like :
(a) thread forming solids (b) high tensile strength and high modulus
(c) crystalline nature (d) all of these
24. [ NH(CH2)NHCO(CH2)4CO ]n is a :
(a) homopolymer (b) copolymer
(c) addition polymer (d) thermosetting polymer
25. Of the following which one is classified as polyester polymer ?
(a) Terylene (b) Bakelite (c) Melamine (d) Nylon-6,6
26. In elastomer, intermolecular forces are:
(a) Nil (b) Weak (c) Strong (d) Very strong
27. Adipic acid is used to made of :
(a) Buna-S, SBR (b) Nylon-6, 6 (c) Styrene (d) Orlon
28. Which of the following is not a characteristic of thermosetting polymers ?
(a) Linear or slightly branched long chain polymers.
(b) Heavily branched and cross-linked polymers.
(c) Become infusible on moulding.
(d) Cannot be remoulded or reused on heating.
29. Identify the type of polymer.
(I) — A — A — A — A — A — A — (II) — A — B — B — A — A — A — B — A —
(a) (I) Homopolymer, (II) Copolymer
(b) (I) Natural polymer, (II) Synthetic polymer
(c) (I) Linear polymer, (II) Branched polymer
(d) (I) Fibre, (II) Elastomer
30. cis-Polyisoprene possesses elastic property because :
(a) It is soft and soluble in non-polar solvent.
(b) It is unsaturated and porous.
(c) It has a coiled structure and chains held together by weak van der Waals’ forces.
(d) It has a fibrous structure and reactive sits at various double bonds.
Polymers 411

31. Which of the following are thermoplastic polymers ?

(a) Polythene, urea-formaldehyde, polyvinyls (b) Polythene, polystyrene, polyvinyls
(c) Bakelite, polythene, polystyrene (d) Urea-formaldehyde, polystyrene, bakelite
32. Which of the following is not a semi-synthetic polymer ?
(a) Cellulose nitrate (b) Vulcanised rubber (c) Cellulose acetate (d) cis-polyisoprene
33. (i) Polymers obtained from two or more different monomers are called copolymers.
(ii) Buna-S is a copolymer.
Select the correct statement :
(a) Only (i) (b) Only (ii) (c) Both (i) and (ii) (d) None of these
34. Among the following which is not the addition copolymer ?
(a) SBR (b) Dynel (c) PVC (d) Vinyon
35. Among cellulose, polyvinyl chloride, nylon and natural rubber, the polymer in which the
intermolecular force of attraction is weakest, is:
(a) nylon (b) polyvinyl chloride (c) cellulose (d) natural rubber
36. Select the suitable reagents to show synthesis of polyvinyl chloride in the following :
Cl
X Y
CHººCH ¾® CH2 ==CHCl ¾® —
( CH2 —CH—
)n
(a) X = HCl , HgCl 2 ; Y = Polymerisation, peroxide
(b) X = Cl 2 , FeCl 3 ; Y = Polymerisation, heat
(c) X = HCl , CuCl; Y = H 2 O , H +
(d) X = HCl , HgCl 2 ; Y = Pt , high pressure
37. Which of the following is not an example of addition polymer ?
(a) Polythene (b) Polystyrene (c) Neoprene (d) Nylon 6, 6
38. The monomer of the polymer
CH3 CH3
| |r
CH2—C—CH2—C is:
| |
CH3 CH3
CH3
(a) CH == C (b) CH 3 CH == CHCH 3 (c) CH 3 CH == CH 2 (d) CH3C == CCH3
2
CH3 | |
CH3 CH3

39. What is the structure of the monomer from which the following polymer is made ?
—CH—CH—CH—CH—CH—CH—CH—CH—
CH3 CH3 CH3 CH3 CH3 CH3 CH3 CH3
(a) CH 3 CH 3 (b) CH 2 == CH 2
(c) CH 3 CH == CH 2 (d) CH 3 CH == CHCH 3
412 Elementary Organic Chemistry for Medical

40. What is the structure of the monomer from which the following polymer is made ?
—CHCH2—CHCH2—CHCH2—CHCH2—

CH2CH3 CH == CH2
(a) (b)

CH2CH2CH3 CH == CHCH3
(c) (d)

41. During addition polymerisation of ethene molecules, the initiator like benzoyl peroxide, acetyl
peroxide, tert-butyl peroxide etc. are added. Their function is to :
(a) Ensure anti-Markownikoff’s addition of molecules to form polymer.
(b) Give cations during the reaction which join together to form bigger molecules.
(c) Decrease the temperature of the reaction mixture.
(d) Generate free radical which adds to the monomer to give bigger free radical.
42. Which of the following does not act as a free radical generating initiator ?
(a) Acetyl peroxide (b) Benzoyl peroxide
(c) Tert-butyl peroxide (d) Ethyl alcohol
43. Which of the following addition polymers results from the reaction below ?
Catalyst
¾® ?
nCF2 == CF2 ¾ ¾¾
(a) [—CF — CF—]n (b) [CF3 — CF3 ]n
(c) [—CF2 CH — CHCF2 —] n (d) [—CF2 — CF2 —]n
44. The step by which the addition polymerisation reaction starts is called :
(a) chain initiating step (b) chain propogating step
(c) chain terminating step (d) None of these
45. C6H5 ( CH2 CH2 )n CH2 CH2
C6H5 ( CH2 CH2 )n CH2 CH2
C6H5 ( CH2 CH2 )n
CH2 CH2 CH2 ( CH2 CH2 )n C6H5
This step basically illustrates the :
(a) chain initiation (b) chain propagation (c) chain termination (d) All of these
46. During the vinyl polymerisation, the chain transfer agent is :
(a) CCl 4 (b) C 6 H 5 OH (c) t-butyl peroxide (d) diphenylamine
47. Which of the following species can best serve as a radical initiator for radical polymerization ?
(a) ROH (b) ROR (c) ROOR (d) RCOOR
48. Which of the following species can best serve as an initiator for cationic polymerization ?
(a) ROOR (b) ROH (c) ROR (d) AlCl 3
Polymers 413

49. Which of the following is the chain-initiating step in the cationic polymerization of propene ?

(a) BF3+CH2 == CH ¾® F2BCH == CH+HF (b) BF3+CH2 == CH ¾® CH2 == CBF2+HF

CH3 CH3 CH3 CH3

s r
(c) BF3+CH2 == CH ¾® CH2 == CH+HF (d) BF3 + CH2 == CH ¾® F3BCH2CH

CH3 CH2BF2 CH3 CH3

50. Which of the following is more likely to undergo both radical and cationic polymerization ?
CH == CH2
(a) CH 2 == CH 2 (b)

(c) CH 2 == CHCl (d) CH 2 == CHC ºº N (e) CH 2 == CCH 3

|
COOR
51. Which of the following monomers has the greatest ability to undergo cationic polymerization ?
CH == CH2 CH == CH2
CH == CH2
(a) (b) (c)

OCH3 NH2
CH == CH2 CH == CH2
(d) (e)
CH3 O2N

52. Which of the following monomers has the greatest ability to undergo anionic polymerization ?
CH == CH2 CH == CH2
CH == CH2
(a) (b) (c)

OCH3 NH2
CH == CH2 CH == CH2
(d) (e)
CH3 O2N

53. Which of the following is a step-growth polymer ?

(a) Polyethylene (b) Polyester
(c) Polypropylene (d) Polystyrene (e) Plexiglass
54. Which of the following is a condensation polymer ?
(a) Teflon (b) PVC (c) Polyester (d) Neoprene
414 Elementary Organic Chemistry for Medical

55. Which of the following statements is/are incorrect ?

(i) Addition polymerisation is also known as chain-growth polymerisation.
(ii) Thermoplastics do not have any cross-links between the chains.
(iii) Hydrogen bonds or dipole-dipole interactions are present in fibres.
The option with all incorrect statements is :
(a) (i) and (ii) (b) (ii) and (iii) (c) (i), (ii) and (iii) (d) None of these
56. Which of the following monomers can undergoes radical, cationic as well as anionic
polymerisation with equal ease ?
(a) CH 3 — C == CH 2 (b) C 6 H 5 CH == CH 2 (c) CH 2 == CHCN (d) CH 2 == CH 2
|
CH 3
57. Which one of the following is not a condensation polymer ?
(a) Melamine (b) Glyptal (c) Dacron (d) Neoprene
58. When polymerisation involves a repeatitive condensation reaction between two bifunctional
monomers. Some small molecules like H 2 O , alcohol etc., are lost. This polymerisation is
known as :
(a) addition polymerisation (b) step-growth polymerisation
(c) both (a) and (b) (d) none of these
59. The correct functional group X and the reagent reaction conditions Y in the following schemes
are :
(i) Y
X — (CH2)4 — X O O
(ii)
C — (CH2)4 — C
OH OH

Condensation polymer
(a) X = COOCH 3 , Y = H 2 / Ni / heat (b) X = CONH 2 , Y = H 2 / Ni / heat
(c) X = CONH 2 , Y = Br 2 / NaOH (d) X = CN , Y = H 2 / Ni / heat
60. A condensation polymer among the following polymers is:
(a) Teflon (b) Polystyrene (c) PVC (d) Dacron
61. Which of the following is not true about polymers ?
(a) Polymers are high molecular mass macromolecules.
(b) Polymers may be of natural or synthetic origin.
(c) Condensation polymers are made up of one type of monomers only.
(d) They have high viscosity and do not carry any charge.
62. Chain-growth polymerization proceeds by which of the following mechanisms ?
(a) radical polymerization (b) cationic polymerization (c) anionic polymerization
(d) (a) and (b) (e) (a), (b) and (c)
63. Which of the following polymers is not correctly matched ?
(a) Formation of dacron — Step growth polymerization
(b) Formation of polytetrafluoroethene — Step growth polymerization
(c) Formation of polythene — Chain growth polymerisation in presence of benzoyl peroxide
(d) Formation of polyacrylonitrile — Chain growth polymerisation in presence of peroxide
Polymers 415

64. Formation of nylons and polyesters are called step growth polymerisation because :
(a) The polymers are formed by adding a monomer step by step.
(b) The polymers are formed by condensation and monomers are joined by loss of simple
molecules like water.
(c) The monomers used for condensation are unsaturated molecules.
(d) The polymers are formed by addition of a large number of free radicals formed by
monomers.
65. Which one of the following is not a condensation polymer ?
(a) Melamine (b) Glyptal (c) Dacron (d) Neoprene
66. Buna-S is a copolymer of :
(a) ethene and styrene (b) 1,3-butadiene and ethene
(c) 1,3-butadiene and styrene (d) ethene and propene
67. Which one of the following is a chain growth polymer ?
(a) Starch (b) Nucleic acid (c) Polystyrene (d) Protein
OH OH
| |
68. CH 3 — CH — CH 2 — COOH + CH 3 — CH 2 — CH — CH 2 — COOH ¾® ?
Product is :
(a) ( O—CH—CH2—C—O—CH—CH2—C )n (b) ( CH2—CH2—C—O—CH—CH2 )n

CH3 O CH2CH3 O CH3 O CH2CH3

(c) ( O — C — CH2 — CH — O—CH —— C )n (d) ( O—CH—CH2—CH—O—CH—CH2 )n

O CH3 CH2CH3 O CH3 CH3 CH2CH3

69. Which dimer (step-growth dimerization) will form from the following monomer ?
O
||
CH 2 — C — OH ¾¾®
|
NH 2
O O O O O O
|| || || || || ||
(a) CH 2 COCCH 2 (b) CH 2 CONHCOH (c) CH 2 CNHCH 2 COH
| | | |
NH 2 NH 2 NH 2 NH 2

O O O O
|| || || ||
(d) HOCCH 2 NHNHCH 2 COH (e) HOCCH 2 N == NCH 2 COH
70. Heating rubber with sulphur is known as :
(a) galvanisation (b) bessemerisation (c) vulcanisation (d) sulphonation
416 Elementary Organic Chemistry for Medical

71. Which factor imparts the crystalline nature to a polymer like nylon ?
(a) Strong intermolecular forces like hydrogen bonding between chains.
(b) van der Waals’ forces between the polymeric chains.
(c) Close packing of the chains due to ionic bonding between the chains.
(d) Three dimensional network of chains.
72. The difference in the densities of low density polymers (LDP) and high density polymers
(HDP) is due to the fact that :
(a) LDP are highly branched structures while HDP consists of closely packed linear molecules.
(b) LDP are linear chains while HDP are branched chains of polythene.
(c) Both LDP and HDP are unbranched linear chains with different lengths.
(d) At high temperature, the density of polymer is reduced.
73. Which of the following is not true about high density polythene ?
(a) Tough (b) Hard (c) Inert (d) Highly branched
1000- 2000 atm
74. Ethene ¾¾¾¾¾¾¾®
350- 570 K traces of O
P ; The product P is :
2

(a) HDP (b) LDP (c) Teflon (d) Melamine

75. Suppose 30% molecules have M = 20000; 40% molecules have M = 30000, rest of them have
M = 60000. Then the PDI is :
(a) 1.45 (b) 1.20 (c) 0.83 (d) 0.98
76. If the mass average molar mass and the number average molar mass of a polymer are 40000
and 30000 respectively. Then, the PDI (polydispersity index) of the polymer is :
(a) >1 (b) <1 (c) -1 (d) 0
77. Natural rubber is a polymer of:
(a) Butadiene (b) Ethyne (c) Styrene (d) Isoprene
78. Nylon-6,6 is obtained by condensation polymerisation of :
(a) Adipic acid and ethylene glycol (b) Adipic acid and hexamethylenediamine
(c) Terephthalic acid and ethylene glycol (d) Adipic acid and phenol
79. Monomer of Teflon is :
(a) Monochloroethene (b) 1, 2-Difluoroethene
(c) 1, 1, 2-Trifluoroethene (d) Tetrafluoroethene
80. Terylene is a condensation polymer of ethylene glycol and :
(a) Benzoic acid (b) Phthalic acid (c) Terephthalic acid (d) Salicylic acid
81. Orlon is polymer of:
(a) Styrene (b) CF2 == CF2 (c) Vinyl chloride (d) Acrylonitrile
82. Natural rubber is a polymer of :
(a) 1,1-dimethylbutadiene (b) 2-methyl-1, 3-butadiene
(c) 2-chlorobuta-1, 3-diene (d) 2-chlorobut-2-ene
83. Terylene is a condensation polymer of ethylene glycol and:
(a) Benzoic acid (b) Phthalic acid (c) Salicylic acid (d) Terephthalic acid
Polymers 417

84. Dacron is an example of :

(a) Polyamides (b) Polypropenes (c) Polyacrylonitdle (d) Polyesters
85. Bakelite is prepared by the reaction between:
(a) Phenol and formaldehyde
(b) Ethylene glycol and dimethylphthalate
(c) Urea and formaldehyde
(d) Tetramethylene glycol and hexamethylene diamine
86. The S in buna-S refers to :
(a) Sulphur (b) Styrene (c) Sodium (d) Salicylate
87. Nylon-6,6 is made by using:
(a) Phenol (b) Benzaldehyde (c) Adipic acid (d) Succinic acid
88. Which of the following represents chloroprene, the monomer of neoprene ?
(a) CH 2 == CH — CH == CH 2 Cl (b) CH 2 == C — CH == CHCl
|
CH 3
(c) CH 2 == C — CH == CH 2 (d) CH 2 == C — C == CH 2
| | |
Cl CH 3 Cl

Polymerisation
89. Hexamethylene diamine + Adipic acid ¾¾¾¾¾® product of the reaction is :
(a) nylon-6 (b) nylon-6,6 (c) teflon (d) bakelite
90. Polymer which has amide linkage is:
(a) Nylon-6,6 (b) Terylene (c) Teflon (d) Bakelite
91. I. The monomeric unit of polythene is ethene.
II. Covalent bond is responsible for polymer formation.
Which of the above statement is true ?
(a) I (b) II (c) I and II (d) None of these
92. Select the correct structure of bakelite.
OH OH OH

(a) H2C CH2 CH2 CH2

CH2 CH2 CH2

H2C CH2 CH2 CH2

OH OH OH
418 Elementary Organic Chemistry for Medical

OH OH OH

(b) H2C CH2 CH2 CH2

CH2 CH2

H2C CH2 CH2 CH2

OH OH OH
OH OH OH

(c) H2C CH2 CH2

CH2 CH2 CH2

H2C CH2 CH2 CH2

OH OH OH
OH OH

(d) H2C CH2 CH2 CH2

CH2 CH2 CH2

CH2 CH2 CH2

OH OH
93. Cellulose acetate is a:
(a) natural polymer (b) semisynthetic polymer
(c) synthetic polymer (d) plasticiser
94. Which among the following is a cross-linked polymer ?
(a) Polyesters (b) Glycogens
(c) Melamine-formaldehyde (d) Polyvinyl chloride
95. Which one of the following is a polyamide ?
(a) Teflon (b) Nylon-6,6 (c) Terylene (d) Bakelite
96. Monomeric unit of dacron is :
(a) ethylene glycol (b) terephthalic acid (c) acrylonitrile (d) both (a) and (b)
97. Which of the following is fully fluorinated polymer ?
(a) Neoprene (b) Teflon (c) Thiokol (d) PVC
Polymers 419

98. Buna-S is a polymer of:

(a) butadiene only (b) butadiene and styrene
(c) styrene only (d) butadiene and nitryl
99. Synthetic polymer prepared by using caprolactam is known as :
(a) Terylene (b) Teflon (c) Nylon-6 (d) Neoprene
100. I. Caprolactam is the monomer of nylon-6.
II. Dacron is the monomer of ethylene glycol.
III. Orlon is the monomer of polyacrylonitrile.
IV. Tetrafluoroethene is the monomer of teflon.
Select the correct statement :
(a) Only I (b) Only II (c) I and IV (d) II and III
101. Synthetic biopolymer, PHBV is made up of the following monomers.
(a) 3-hydroxybutanoic acid + 3-hydroxypentanoic acid
(b) 2-hydroxybutanoic acid + 2-hydroxypropanoic acid
(c) 3-chlorobutanoic acid + 3-chloropentanoic acid
(d) 2-chlorobutanoic acid + 3-methylpentanoic acid
102. Consider the following statements,
(i) Adipic acid and hexamethylene diamine are the monomeric units of nylon-6,6.
(ii) Nylon-6,6 is a polyester.
Which of the following statement is/are incorrect ? Choose the correct option.
(a) Only (i) (b) Only (ii) (c) Both (i) and (ii) (d) Neither (i) nor (ii)
103. Identify X and Y in the given polymerisation reactions :
OH

+ HCHO + HCHO
¾¾¾¾®
H+ or OH–
X ¾¾¾®
heat
Y

(a) X = Bakelite, Y = Novolac (b) X = Novolac, Y = Melamine

(c) X = Bakelite, Y = Melamine (d) X = Novolac, Y = Bakelite
104. Which of the following structures represents neoprene polymer ?
CN Cl

(a) ( CH2C==CHCH2 )n (b) ( CH2CH )n (c) ( CH2CH )n (d) ( CHCH2 )n

Cl C6H5

105. Which of the following is not an example of rubber ?

(a) Polychloroprene (b) Buna-N
(c) Butadiene-styrene copolymer (d) Polyacrylonitrile
106. Which of the following polymers does not have vinylic monomer units ?
(a) Acrilan (b) Nylon (c) Polystyrene (d) Neoprene
 420 Elementary Organic Chemistry for Medical

CH3 CH3
107. ( CH2 — C — CH2 — C )n is a polymer having monomer units :

CH3 CH3
H
(a) (b) (c) (d)
H
108. Novolac on heating with formaldehyde undergoes .......... to form an infusible solid mass called
.......... .
(a) Polymerisation, melamine (b) Vulcanisation, resin
(c) Cross-linking, bakelite (d) Condensation, polystyrene
109. Select the correct structure of caprolactam :
H

N
(a) H2C C==O (b) HOOC — — COOH

H2C CH2

H2C CH2
O H O O

(c) [ C — (CH2)5 — N ]n (d) O — CH2 — CH2 — O — C — —C

n
110. Novolac and bakelite are those polymers which come under the category of :
(a) melamine-formaldehyde polymer (b) phenol-formaldehyde polymer
(c) polyesters (d) polyamide
111. Properties of rubber are given below,
(i) it is a rubber latex, which is a colloidal suspension of rubber in water.
(ii) it is highly elastic.
(iii) it is found in tropical and semi-tropical parts of the world.
Select the correct option :
(a) Only (iii) (b) Only (ii) (c) Only (i) (d) All of these
112. When melamine and formaldehyde polymerise, a resin intermediate is formed. Select the
structure of this intermediate :
N ( HN N NHCH2 )n
H2N NH2
N N N N
(a) (b)

NH2 NH
Polymers 421

OH
H2N N NHCH2OH
HOH2C CH2OH
N N
(c) (d)

NH2
CH2OH
113. Of the following which one is classified as polyester polymer ?
(a) Terylene (Dacron) (b) Bakelite (c) Melamine (d) Nylon-6,6
114. Which one of the following statement is incorrect ?
(a) Buna-S is a copolymer of butadiene and styrene.
(b) Natural rubber is a 1,4-polymer of isoprene.
(c) In vulcanization, the formation of sulphur bridges between different chains make rubber
harder and stronger.
(d) Natural rubber has the trans-configuration at every double bond.
115. What monomers formed the following polymer ?
O O O
—C C—NH NHC NH—

O O O
(a) H2N NH2 + HOC COH (b) 2HOC NH2

O O O O
(c) H2NC NH2 + HO COH (d) 2H2NC CNH2

O O
(e) HO OH + H 2NC CNH2
116. Which one of the following polymers is prepared by condensation polymerisation ?
(a) Teflon (b) Natural rubber (c) Styrene (d) Nylon-6,6
117. Acrilan is a hard, horny and a high melting material. Which one of the following represents its
structure ?
æ ö æ CH 3 ö
ç ÷ ç ÷
ç | ÷
(a) ç — CH 2 — CH — ÷ (b) ç — CH 2 — C — ÷
ç | ÷ |
ç ÷ ç ÷
è CN ø n ç COOCH 3 ÷
è øn
æ ö æ ö
ç ÷ ç ÷
ç ÷
(c) ç — CH 2 — CH — ÷ (d) ç — CH 2 — CH — ÷
| ç | ÷
ç ÷ ç ÷
ç ÷
COOC 2 H 5 ø è Cl øn
è n
 422 Elementary Organic Chemistry for Medical

118. PHBV stands for :

(a) Poly b-hydroxybutyrate valerate
(b) Poly-hydroxy butyrate valerate
(c) Poly b-hydroxy butyrate-co-b-hydroxyvalerate
(d) Poly a-hydroxy butyrate-co-b-hydroxyvalerate
119. Consider the following statements about PHBV and select the correct option :
(a) It is obtained by the copolymerisation.
(b) It is used in speciality packaging, orthopaedic devices.
(c) It undergoes bacterial degradation in the environment.
(d) All of these
120. What is the similarity between buna-N and PHBV ?
(a) Both are copolymers
(b) Both are biodegradable
(c) Both have one same manomeric unit
(d) Peroxide catalyst is used in their preparation
121. Read the following statements,
I. Raw rubber has high elasticity.
II. Tensile strength of vulcanised rubber is almost ten times as compared to raw rubber.
Select the correct option :
(a) Only II (b) Only I (c) Both I and II (d) None of these
122. Find the odd one.
(a) polychloroprene (b) polyisoprene (c) nitrile rubber (d) thiokol rubber

123.

Identify this polymer.

(a) Gutta percha (b) Neoprene (c) Polypropylene (d) Natural rubber
124. Which of the following statements is false ?
(a) PTFE is called teflon. (b) LDP is called low density polythene.
(c) PMMA is called plexiglass. (d) SBR is called natural rubber.
125. Polymer which contains strong intermolecular forces, e. g., hydrogen bonding is :
(a) polystyrene (b) nylon-6,6 (c) teflon (d) natural rubber
126. Amide linkage is present in :
(a) Nylon-6,6 (b) Protein (c) Sucrose (d) Starch
127. When phenol reacts with formaldehyde in the presence of acidic medium then obtained
polymer will be:
(a) Resin (b) Bakelite (c) Dacron (d) Teflon
128. Which of the following polymer, not having C—C bond formation during polymerisation.
(a) Teflon (b) Bakelite (c) Natural rubber (d) Terelene
129. Composition of Ziegler-Natta catalyst is :
(a) (Et 3 ) 3 Al × TiCl 2 (b) (Me) 3 Al × TiCl 2 (c) (Et ) 3 Al × TiCl 4 (d) (Et ) 3 Al × PtCl 4
Polymers 423

130. Few polymers are matched with their uses. Point out the wrong match.
(a) Polyesters-Fabric, tyre cords, safety belts (b) Nylon 6-Ropes, tyre cords, fabrics
(c) Bakelite-Packaging industry, lubricant (d) Teflon-Oil seals, gaskets, non-stick utensils
131. Zieglar-Natta catalyst is:
(a) R 3 Al (b) TiCl 4 (c) R 3 Al + TiCl 4 (d) R 3 B + TiCl 2
132. Which of the following polymers is biodegradable ?
CN

(a) ( CH2 — C == CH — CH2 )n (b) ( CH2—CH==CH—CH2—CH2—CH )n

Cl
H H O O

(c) ( O — CH — CH2 — C — O — CH — CH2 — C )n (d) ( N — (CH2)6 — N — C — (CH2)4 — C )n

CH3 O CH2CH3 O
133. A polymer ‘ X ’ is prepared by heating its monomer ‘ Y ’ with a free radical or persulphate catalyst
at high pressure. ‘ X ’ is chemically inert and resistant to attack by corrosive reagents and useful
in making non-stick surface coated utensils. ‘ X ’ and ‘ Y ’ respectively are :
(a) Teflon; tetrafluoroethene (b) Orlon; polyacrylonitrile
(c) Teflon; tetrafluoroethane (d) Dacron; ethylene glycol
134. Polyacrylonitrile is commercially known as :
(a) bakelite (b) orlon (c) PVC (d) teflon
135. Low density polythene (LDP) is used in the insulation of electricity carrying wires and
manufacture of flexible pipes and squeeze bottles because :
(a) it is tough, hard and rigid.
(b) it is chemically inert, tough, flexible and poor conductor of electricity.
(c) it is very tough, good conductor of electricity and flexible.
(d) it is chemically inert, very soft, water absorbent and poor conductor of heat.
136. Consider the following statements about bakelite.
(i) It is a phenol-formaldehyde resin.
(ii) It is a linear product.
(iii) Soft bakelite is used for making glue for binding laminated wooden planks and also in
varnishes.
(iv) Hard bakelite is useful in making combs, fountain pen, phonograph records, barrels etc.
Which of the above fact(s) is/are correct about bakelite ? Select the correct option :
(a) (i), (ii) and (iii) (b) (ii), (iii) and (iv)
(c) (i), (iii) and (iv) (d) (i), (ii), (iii) and (iv)
137. Which of the following is a biodegradable synthetic polymer ?
(a) Aliphatic polyesters (b) PHBV
(c) Nylon-2-nylon-6 (d) All of these
 424 Elementary Organic Chemistry for Medical

138. The monomers of biodegradable polymer, nylon 2-nylon 6 are :

(a) Glycine + adipic acid (b) Glycol + phthalic acid
(c) Phenol + urea (d) Glycine + ammo caproic acid
139. Buna-N is used in making oil seals and tank lining etc. because :
(a) it is resistant to the action of lubricating oil and organic solvents.
(b) it is more elastic than natural rubber.
(c) it can be stretched twice its length.
(d) it does not melt at high temperature.
140. Select the incorrect use of the polymer.
(a) High density polythene-Buckets, pipes (b) Nylon-6, 6-Ropes, bristles for brushes
(c) Orion-Synthetic wool, carpets (d) Glyptal-Electrical switches, combs
141. The biodegradable polymer is :
(a) PHBV (b) Nylon-6 (c) Buna-S (d) Buna-N
142. Identify the biodegradable polymer.
CN

(a) ( CH2—CH==CH—CH2 —CH2 —CH )n (b) ( CH2—C==CH—CH2 )n

Cl
H H O O

(c) ( N—(CH2)6—N—C—(CH2)4—C )n (d) ( O—CH—CH2—C—O—CH—CH2—C )n

CH3 O CH2CH3 O
143. Read the following statements :
(i) PVC is useful in making unbreakable cups and laminated sheets.
(ii) Glyptal is useful in making paints and lacquers.
(iii) Polypropene is useful in making ropes, toys, pipes, fibres etc.
(iv) Bakelite is useful in making combs, electrical switches etc.
Select the correct statement :
(a) only (i) and (ii) (b) only (ii) and (iii) (c) (iii) and (iv) (d) (ii), (iii) and (iv)
144. Baby feeding bottles and soft drinks bottles are usually made up of :
(a) polyurethane (b) polyester
(c) polyamide (d) polyethylene-HDPE
145. A copolymer of vinyl chloride and acrylonitrile are used in the manufacture of synthetic
human hair wigs. It is known as :
(a) dynel (b) cellulose (c) PVC (d) polyacrylonitrile
146. Plexiglass, also known as PMMA is a polymer of :
(a) methyl acrylate (b) methyl methacrylate
(c) acrylic acid (d) none of these
Polymers 425

147. Structures of some common polymers are given below. Select the incorrect structure :
(a) Neoprene [ CH2—C==CH—CH2 — CH2 ]n
Cl

(b) Terylene OC — — COOCH2 — CH2 — O

n

(c) Nylon-66 [ NH(CH2)6NHCO(CH2)4—CO ]n

(d) Teflon [ CF2—CF2 ]n
148. Which of the following is correctly matched ?
(a) Urea-formaldehyde resin ( NH—CO—NH—CH2 )n
C6H5

(b) Polypropene ( CH2—CH )n

CH3

(c) Polystyrene ( CH2—CH )n

CH

(d) Glyptal ( CH2—CH )n

149. Match the column I with column II and select the correct option :

Column-I Column-II

(A) PVC (i) ( CH2—C==CH—CH2 )n

Cl
H H O O
(B) Bakelite (ii) ( N — (CH2)6 — N — C(CH2)4 — C )n

Cl
(C) Neoprene (iii) ( CH2—CH )n

OH OH
CH2 CH2
(D) Nylon-6,6 (iv)

(a) ( A ) ® (i),(B) ® (ii),(C) ® (iv ),(D) ® (iii) (b) ( A ) ® (ii),(B) ® (iii),(C) ® (iv ),(D) ® (i)
(c) ( A ) ® (iv ),(B) ® (i),(C) ® (ii),(D) ® (iii) (d) ( A ) ® (iii),(B) ® (iv ),(C) ® (i),(D) ® (ii)
 426 Elementary Organic Chemistry for Medical

150. Match the polymers given in column I with monomers in column II and select the correct
option :

Column-I Column-II
OH
(A) Melamine-formaldehyde polymer (i)
+ HCHO

CH 3
|
(B) Bakelite (ii)
CH 2 == C — CH == CH 2

CH 3
|
(C) Neoprene (iii)
CH 2 — C — CH == CH 2

H2N N NH2
+ HCHO
(D) Natural rubber (iv) N N

NH2

(a) ( A ) ® (iv ),(B) ® (ii),(C) ® (i),(D) ® (iii) (b) ( A ) ® (i),(B) ® (iii),(C) ® (iv ),(D) ® (ii)
(c) ( A ) ® (iv ),(B) ® (i),(C) ® (ii),(D) ® (iii) (d) ( A ) ® (ii),(B) ® (iv ),(C) ® (iii),(D) ® (i)
151. Match the column I with column II and select the correct option :

Column-I Column-II
O H
(A) Teflon (i) [ C — (CH2)5 — N ]n

(B) Dacron (ii) [ CF2 — CF2 ]n

O O
(C) Nylon-66 (iii)
O — CH2CH2O — C — —C
n

H H O O
(D) Nylon-6 (iv) [ N — (CH2)6 — N — C(CH2)4 — C ]n

(a) ( A ) ® (iv ),(B) ® (iii),(C) ® (ii),(D) ® (i) (b) ( A ) ® (i),(B) ® (ii),(C) ® (iii),(D) ® (iv )
(c) ( A ) ® (iv ),(B) ® (i),(C) ® (ii),(D) ® (iii) (d) ( A ) ® (ii),(B) ® (iii),(C) ® (iv ),(D) ® (i)
Polymers 427

152. Match the column I with column II and select the correct option :

Column-I Column-II

(A) PVC (i) Rubber

(B) Condensation polymer (ii) Thermoplastic

(C) Polysaccharide (iii) Dacron

(D) Elastomer (iv) Natural polymer

(a) ( A ) ® (ii),(B) ® (iii),(C) ® (iv ),(D) ® (i) (b) ( A ) ® (i),(B) ® (ii),(C) ® (iv ),(D) ® (iii)
(c) ( A ) ® (iii),(B) ® (iv ),(C) ® (i),(D) ® (ii) (d) ( A ) ® (iv ),(B) ® (i),(C) ® (iii),(D) ® (ii)
153. Match the polymers given in column I with the type of linkage present in column II and mark
the appropriate choice.

Column-I Column-II

(A) Terylene (i) Glycosidic linkage

(B) Nylon (ii) Ester linkage

(C) Cellulose (iii) Phosphodiester linkage

(D) RNA (iv) Amide linkage

(a) ( A ) ® (ii),(B) ® (iv ),(C) ® (iii),(D) ® (i) (b) ( A ) ® (ii),(B) ® (iv ),(C) ® (i),(D) ® (iii)
(c) ( A ) ® (iii),(B) ® (ii),(C) ® (iv ),(D) ® (i) (d) ( A ) ® (iv ),(B) ® (ii),(C) ® (iii),(D) ® (i)
154. Match the column I with column II and select the correct option :

Column-I Column-II

(A) Fibres (i) Bakelite

(B) Elastomers (ii) Buna-N

(C) Thermosetting polymers (iii) PVC

(D) Thermoplastic polymers (iv) Nylon-6,6

(a) ( A ) ® (i),(B) ® (iii),(C) ® (ii),(D) ® (iv ) (b) ( A ) ® (iv ),(B) ® (ii),(C) ® (i),(D) ® (iii)
(c) ( A ) ® (ii),(B) ® (iv ),(C) ® (i),(D) ® (iii) (d) ( A ) ® (iii),(B) ® (i),(C) ® (iv ),(D) ® (ii)
155. Match the polymers given in column I with the monomers in column II and select the correct
option :
 428 Elementary Organic Chemistry for Medical

Column-I Column-II

(A) H H O O (i) Ethylene glycol + terephthalic acid

( N — (CH2)6 — N — C — (CH2)4 — C )n

(B) O H (ii) Urea + Formaldehyde

( C — (CH2)5 — N )n

(C) O O (iii) Hexamethylenediamine + adipic

acid
( OCH2 — CH2 — C C )n

(D) ( NH — CO — NH — CH2 )n (iv) Caprolactam

(a) ( A ) ® (ii),(B) ® (i),(C) ® (iii),(D) ® (iv ) (b) ( A ) ® (iii),(B) ® (iv ),(C) ® (i),(D) ® (ii)
(c) ( A ) ® (i),(B) ® (iii),(C) ® (ii),(D) ® (iv ) (d) ( A ) ® (iv ),(B) ® (ii),(C) ® (iii),(D) ® (i)
156. Match the column I with column II and select the correct option :

Column-I Column-II

(A) Raincoats, hand bags (i) PHBV

(B) Laminated sheets (ii) PVC

(C) Television cabinets (iii) Urea formaldehyde resin

(D) Orthopaedic devices (iv) Polystyrene

(a) ( A ) ® (i),(B) ® (ii),(C) ® (iii),(D) ® (iv ) (b) ( A ) ® (iv ),(B) ® (i),(C) ® (ii),(D) ® (iii)
(c) ( A ) ® (ii),(B) ® (iii),(C) ® (iv ),(D) ® (i) (d) ( A ) ® (iii),(B) ® (iv ),(C) ® (i),(D) ® (ii)
157. Match the column I with column II and select the correct option :

Column-I Column-II

(A) Buna-S (i) Thermosetting

(B) Polyamides (ii) Fibres

(C) Polyvinyls (iii) Elastomers

(D) Urea formaldehyde (iv) Thermoplastics

(a) ( A ) ® (iv ),(B) ® (iii),(C) ® (i),(D) ® (ii) (b) ( A ) ® (ii),(B) ® (i),(C) ® (iii),(D) ® (iv )
(c) ( A ) ® (iii),(B) ® (ii),(C) ® (iv ),(D) ® (i) (d) ( A ) ® (i),(B) ® (iv ),(C) ® (ii),(D) ® (iii)
Polymers 429

158. Match the column I with column II and select the correct option :

Column-I (Polymer) Column-II (Type of linkage)

(A) Cellulose (i) Glycosidic linkage

(B) Protein (ii) Amide linkage

(C) RNA (iii) Phosphodiester linkage

(D) Terylene (iv) Amide linkage

(a) ( A ) ® (i),(B) ® (ii),(C) ® (iii),(D) ® (iv ) (b) ( A ) ® (ii),(B) ® (iv ),(C) ® (i),(D) ® (iii)
(c) ( A ) ® (iii),(B) ® (i),(C) ® (iv ),(D) ® (ii) (d) ( A ) ® (iv ),(B) ® (iii),(C) ® (ii),(D) ® (i)
159. Match the column I with column II and select the correct option :

Column-I (Mode of polymerisation) Column-II (Polymer)

(A) Condensation polymerisation (i) HDP

(B) Ziegler-Natta (ii) Nylon-6,6

(C) Free radical (iii) PVC

(a) ( A ) ® (i),(B) ® (ii),(C) ® (iii) (b) ( A ) ® (ii),(B) ® (iii),(C) ® (i)

(c) ( A ) ® (ii),(B) ® (i),(C) ® (iii) (d) ( A ) ® (iii),(B) ® (ii),(C) ® (i)
160. Match the column I with column II and select the correct option :

Column-I (Chemical name) Column-II (Polymer)

(A) Polycaprolactam (i) Acrilan

(B) Polyacrylonitrile (ii) Natural rubber

(C) cis-polysisoprene (iii) Nylon-6

(a) ( A ) ® (ii),(B) ® (iii),(C) ® (i) (b) ( A ) ® (iii),(B) ® (i),(C) ® (ii)

(c) ( A ) ® (iii),(B) ® (ii),(C) ® (i) (d) ( A ) ® (i),(B) ® (iii),(C) ® (ii)
 430 Elementary Organic Chemistry for Medical

A nswers

1. (a) 2. (a) 3. (c) 4. (d) 5. (d) 6. (a) 7. (d) 8. (a) 9. (b) 10. (d)

11. (d) 12. (d) 13. (c) 14. (c) 15. (c) 16. (a) 17. (b) 18. (c) 19. (c) 20. (b)

21. (b) 22. (a) 23. (d) 24. (b) 25. (a) 26. (b) 27. (b) 28. (a) 29. (a) 30. (c)

31. (c) 32. (d) 33. (c) 34. (c) 35. (d) 36. (a) 37. (d) 38. (a) 39. (d) 40. (b)

41. (d) 42. (d) 43. (d) 44. (a) 45. (c) 46. (a) 47. (c) 48. (d) 49. (d) 50. (b)

51. (c) 52. (e) 53. (b) 54. (c) 55. (c) 56. (b) 57. (d) 58. (b) 59. (b) 60. (d)

61. (c) 62. (e) 63. (b) 64. (b) 65. (d) 66. (c) 67. (c) 68. (a) 69. (c) 70. (c)

71. (a) 72. (a) 73. (d) 74. (b) 75. (b) 76. (a) 77. (d) 78. (b) 79. (d) 80. (c)

81. (d) 82. (b) 83. (d) 84. (d) 85. (a) 86. (b) 87. (c) 88. (c) 89. (b) 90. (a)

91. (c) 92. (a) 93. (b) 94. (c) 95. (b) 96. (d) 97. (b) 98. (b) 99. (c) 100. (c)

101. (a) 102. (b) 103. (d) 104. (a) 105. (d) 106. (b) 107. (a) 108. (c) 109. (a) 110. (b)

111. (d) 112. (c) 113. (a) 114. (d) 115. (a) 116. (d) 117. (a) 118. (c) 119. (d) 120. (a)

121. (b) 122. (d) 123. (d) 124. (d) 125. (b) 126. (a) 127. (b) 128. (d) 129. (c) 130. (c)

131. (c) 132. (a) 133. (a) 134. (b) 135. (b) 136. (c) 137. (d) 138. (d) 139. (a) 140. (d)

141. (a) 142. (d) 143. (d) 144. (d) 145. (a) 146. (b) 147. (a) 148. (a) 149. (d) 150. (c)

151. (d) 152. (a) 153. (b) 154. (b) 155. (b) 156. (c) 157. (c) 158. (a) 159. (c) 160. (b)
Polymers 431

Level-2 Assertion and Reason

Instructions : In each of the following questions, a Statement of Assertion (A) is given followed by
a corresponding Reason (R) just below it. Read the Statement carefully and mark the correct
answer—
(A) If both Assertion and Reason are true and Reason is the correct explanation of Assertion.
(B) If both Assertion and Reason are true but Reason is not the correct explanation of
Assertion.
(C) If Assertion is true but Reason is false.
(D) If both Assertion and Reason are false.

1. Assertion (A) : Thermoplastics can be reheated and reshaped if desired.

Reason (R) : Thermoplastics have crossed links.
2. Assertion (A) : Elastomers are polymers that will not stretch when a force is applied on
them.
Reason (R) : Rubber is an elastomer.
3. Assertion (A) : Glyptal is used for the preparation of fabric.
Reason (R) : Starting materials of glyptal are ethylene glycol and terephthalic acid.
4. Assertion (A) : Ebonite is highly vulcanised rubber.
Reason (R) : Perlon is used in the manufacture of fibres.
5. Assertion (A) : Bakelite is co-polymer.
Reason (R) : Bakelite is a thermosetting material.
6. Assertion (A) : Teflon is thermoplastic substance.
Reason (R) : Teflon is highly stable towards heat, acids or bases.
7. Assertion (A) : Polypropylene is an addition polymer.
Reason (R) : Polypropylene is polyene.
8. Assertion (A) : Thermoplastics become hard on heating and soft on cooling.
Reason (R) : Thermoplastics are linear polymers which are soluble in many organic
solvents.
9. Assertion (A) : Bakelite is a thermosetting plastic.
Reason (R) : In thermosetting plastics, the polymeric chains are held together by
strong covalent bonds.
10. Assertion (A) : High density polythene contains linear chain polymers.
Reason (R) : It is a translucent polymer.
 432 Elementary Organic Chemistry for Medical

11. Assertion (A) : PVC is a hard horny material.

Reason (R) : PVC can be made to acquire any degree of pliability by addition of
plasticizer.
12. Assertion (A) : Vulcanisation depends upon the amount of sulphur used.
Reason (R) : Vulcanisation involves cooling of rubbers.

13. Assertion (A) : Rubber is a polymer of isoprene.

Reason (R) : Isoprene is a pentene.
14. Assertion (A) : The time of vulcanisation and temperature is increased by adding
accelerators.
Reason (R) : By vulcanising, a material of high tensile strength can be obtained.
15. Assertion (A) : Isobutylene and propylene makes butyl rubber co-polymer.
Reason (R) : Butyl rubber is manufactured from 97% isobutylene and 3% propylene.
16. Assertion (A) : Sulphur cross links are present in vulcanised rubber.
Reason (R) : Vulcanisation is a free radical initiated chain reaction.
17. Assertion (A) : Orlon cannot be used as synthetic fibre.
Reason (R) : The monomer of orlon is vinyl chloride.
18. Assertion (A) : Thermoplastics are three dimensional polymers.
Reason (R) : Thermoplastics have cross links among chains.
19. Assertion (A) : The monomer of neoprene is 1, 3-butadiene.
Reason (R) : Neoprene is non-inflammable.
20. Assertion (A) : Nylon-6 is a step-growth polymer and
Reason (R) : It is obtained from caprolactum.
21. Assertion (A) : Vulcanization introduces S ¾ S cross linking in rubber and
Reason (R) : Vulcanized rubber has low water absorption tendency.
22. Assertion (A) : Styrene is more reactive than ethylene towards free radical
polymerization and
Reason (R) : Polymerization of styrene proceeds through more stable benzyl free
radical.
23. Assertion (A) : Teflon is used for making oil seals, gaskets and non-stick surface coating.
Reason (R) : Teflon is chemically inert and resistant to attack by corrosive reagents.
24. Assertion (A) : Glyptal is a copolymer.
Reason (R) : It has two monomeric units-ethylene glycol and phthalic acid.
25. Assertion (A) : Strong interparticle forces exist in thermosetting polymers.
Reason (R) : These polymers are heavily cross-linked.
Polymers 433

26. Assertion (A) : 1, 3-Butadiene is the monomer for natural rubber.

Reason (R) : Natural rubber is formed through anionic addition polymerization.
27. Assertion (A) : Natural rubber is cis-1, 4-polyisoprene.
Reason (R) : Isoprene is 2-methyl-1, 3-butadiene.
28. Assertion (A) : Bakelite can be prepared by condensation of phenol and formaldehyde in
basic medium.
Reason (R) : It is a base catalyzed condensation reaction.
29. Assertion (A) : Melamine resin has secondary amine functionality.
Reason (R) : Melamine resin is condensation polymer of melamine and acetaldehyde.
30. Assertion (A) : Bakelite is a thermosetting polymer.
Reason (R) : It has highly branched structure.

A nswers

1. (C) 2. (D) 3. (D) 4. (B) 5. (B) 6. (D) 7. (C) 8. (D) 9. (B) 10. (B)
11. (B) 12. (C) 13. (C) 14. (D) 15. (D) 16. (B) 17. (D) 18. (D) 19. (D) 20. (A)
21. (B) 22. (B) 23. (A) 24. (A) 25. (A) 26. (D) 27. (B) 28. (A) 29. (C) 30. (B)
434 Elementary Organic Chemistry for Medical

S olutions

1. (C) Thermoplastics have linear structures and do not have cross links between chains,
hence upon heating can be softened and moulded into any shape e.g. nylon 6,6.
2. (D) Elastomers can be stretched easily, e.g., rubber.
3. (D) Glyptal is a three dimensional cross linked polymer. It is used in adherant paints,
lacquers and other building materials.
4. (B) Ebonite has very high 20-30% sulphur, thus many cross links and hardened rubber.
5. (B) Bakelite is a co-polymer, as it uses two monomeric units namely phenol and
formaldehyde.
6. (D) Teflon is hard material which is resistant towards heat.
CH 3 æ CH 3 ö
| ç | ÷
Al(C 2H 5 )3 ç
7. (C) nCH == CH 2 ¾ ¾ ¾ ¾ ¾® ¾ CH ¾ CH 2 ¾ ÷
TiCl 3 ç ÷
ç ÷
è øn
It is an addition polymer as simple units simply add.
8. (D) The polymer chains are held together by weak intermolecular forces of attraction in
case of thermoplastics when heat or pressure is applied it can easily overcome the weak
forces of attraction which hold the chains and the polymer becomes soft and flexible.
On cooling, they become hard and rigid.
9. (B) Thermosetting plastics are cross-linked high polymers formed from their monomers by
condensation polymerisation. In these polymers the chains are held together by strong
covalent bonds. Bakelite is also a condensation polymer and formed by condensation
polymerisation of HCHO and phenol.
10. (B) Because of closer packing possible it attains high density.
11. (B) It is hard due to strong interactions among polymer chains.
12. (C) Vulcanisation is carried out by heating the crude rubber in presence of sulphur.
13. (C) Isoprene is 2-methyl-1, 3-butadiene.
CH 2 == C ¾ CH == CH 2
|
CH 3
14. (D) The time of vulcanisation is reduced by adding accelerators and activators.
15. (D) Butyl rubber, co-polymer of isobutylene and isoprene is a synthetic rubber. It is
manufactured from 97% isobutylene, (CH 3) 2 C ººCH 2 and 3% butadiene or isoprene.
Polymers 435

16. (B) Vulcanisation is a process of treating natural rubber with sulphur or some compounds
of sulphur under heat so as to modify its properties. This cross linking give mechanical
strength to the rubber.
17. (D) Orlon is a synthetic fibre having acrylonitrile as its monomer.
18. (D) Thermoplastics are linear polymers with no cross linkings.
19. (D) The monomer of neoprene is 2-chloro butadiene, also called chloroprene.
H2N N NH 2

N N
29. (C)
NH 2
Melamine resin

H2N N NH 2

N N
+HCHO

NH 2
Melamine Formaldehyde Melamine resin