AVINYAA

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VYAVSAAYE
 PREFACE
The crew of Vyavsaaye is incredibly happy to bring the
second edition of Avinyaa to you all.
We launched Avinyaa, a quarterly magazine, in the first
quarter of this year.

The avinyaa crew put forth a lot of effort to bring you this
edition. It makes it possible for you to learn a lot about the
business world. The journal promises to provide insights
into the world of business since we have summarized
business news, data, the trading market, and other topics
through this initiative.

The idea has been transformed into paper specifications as

a consequence of the team's collective efforts, cooperation,
and excitement. We hope to meet your standards and
think that our intended audience will expand.
 TEAM AVINYAA

Raghav Kaushal Punya Jain

Chief Graphic editor Chief content editor

Ali Hassan Amit Singh Astha Mishra

Graphics Manager Content Manager Content Team

Sakshi Kesharwani Ojas Raghuwanshi

Khushal
Research & Content Research & content team Research & Graphics team
team
 TEAM AVINYAA

Mehak Dutta Vansh Piyush Sharma

Graphics Team Research & content team Research & content team

Purushottam Kumar Meenakshi Sudiksha Kandhway

Research team Graphics Team Research Team

Krishna Goel Brushdev Nayak Chitransh Kumar

Graphics team
Content & Research team Research team

Tanisha Jaiswal
Research & content team
INDEX

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.0
OF

AND
 Saathi is a purpose driven
manufacturing company that
makes eco-friendly hygiene
products. Founded by graduates
from MIT (US) and Nirma, they are
innovators in the use of
alternative materials and zero-
waste production. Their mission is
to create hygiene products that
are good for the body,
environment, and community.
 How their story began:

Why Biodegradable Pads?

Source of raw material

Workshops

Helping the Underprivileged

Which are the top competitors of Saathi?

on local eccnomies
Startup companies have had a major impact on regional
economies all around the world recently. Entrepreneurs that
are passionate about their ideas and are willing to take risks to
see them realized frequently launch these innovative and
ambitious businesses. While they might start off tiny, startups
have the potential to grow into significant employers and
revenue producers in their communities.The generation of jobs
is one of the most important effects on local economies. In
order to expand and satisfy customer demand, many
businesses need additional staff as they grow. For locals, this
means more job prospects, which in turn boosts the economy.

Startup companies produce revenue for the local economy in

NeW
addition to jobs. These businesses have the potential to
dramatically increase the local tax base when they start to
prosper and increase their market share. The construction of
new infrastructure, public services, and other community
projects can result from the reinvestment of these funds back
into the neighborhood. Additionally, new companies frequently
use regional suppliers for products and services, which has a
positive multiplier effect on nearby companies.
Startups also bring a culture of innovation and creativity to the
communities in which they operate. Entrepreneurs are often driven
by a desire to solve problems or create new products or services
4 Crucial Stages of Startup that improve people's lives. This spirit of innovation can inspire others
Growth in the community to think creatively and pursue their own ideas. As a
ldea Validation STAGE
Business ldea Validation
result, startup businesses can foster a culture of entrepreneurship,
-Create Prototyp 01 which can lead to further economic growth and development.
Talk with potential clients

STAGE
And finally, new firms can support the growth of regional talent.
Seed Fund
02 Funding from Angel investor These businesses need a trained workforce to help them compete
or Family &Friends
as they expand and become more profitable. New apprenticeships,
training programmes, and other educational possibilities for local
STAGE
Growth Stage residents may result from this. Startups can contribute to the
-Focus on Sales Funnel & 03
Lead conversion
Series AB Funding
development of a more talented and competent workforce that is
better able to serve the requirements of other local businesses by
STEP
Establishment investing in the development of their personnel.
04 Grow at massive Scale
Focus on Productivity
Initial Public Offer ((PO)
In conclusion, local economies all across the world are being
significantly impacted by new firms. These businesses are fueling
economic growth and development in towns of all sizes through job
Creation, income generation, innovation, investment, and talent
development. As more business people create their own businesses
we can expect to see even more positive changes in the years ahead.
It is an exciting time to be a part of the startup community, and the
impact of these businesses on local economies is only set to grow.
 WHY APPLE PR0DUCTS ARE
PRICED HIGH EVEN IF THEY
ARE NO W MANUFACTURE IN
INDIA?

OVERVIEWOF APPLE'S OPERATIONS IN INDIA

Apple has been gradually expanding its manufacturing
operations in India over the past
few years. The company's decision to manufacture in India
was driven by several factors, including
the potential to tap into the growing Indian market, reduce 362980 0 0
dependence on China, and comply
Taiwan-based Foxconn manufactures the majority of Apple's
phones. The firm has been making older
versions of iPhones at a facility in the neighbouring state of
Tamil Nadu since 2017.
The establishment of manufacturing facilities in India has ) 6 z 9 8 0a0 0d0

0S0I'O01,0S 0
allowed Apple tomeet local sourcing
norms required for opening its retail stores in the country.
By manufacturing in India, Apple has also aimed to benefit
from cost advantages and
reduced import duties. Local production helps lower
transportation costs and potentially
g0000
8 0a

510,
reduces import-related expenses, making apple products
more price-comperitive in Indian market.
Furthermoe, Apple has been actively engaging with its suppliers and partners in India to devlop
a robust supply chain ecosystem.

Overall, Apple's manufacturing presence in India representsa strategic move to cater to

the Indian market, comply with local regulations, reduce costs, and build a sustainable
supply chain ecosystem.
 Prices in India:
While it is true that Apple has started
manufacturing certain products in
India,such as
iPhones, to reduce costs and comply
with local regulations, not all Apple
products are
manufactured localy. Apple currently
produces and exports the iPhone 12,
13,14 and 14+ Phone iPhone

models from India.

Here are some reasons why Apple products

may still be relatively expensive in India:

1. Import Duties andTaxes: Apple products that are not manufactured in India are still
subject to import duties and taxes when brought into the country. These additional
costs can significantly impact the final price of the products.

AIO
2.Localization Costs: Apple needs to invest in setting up manufacturing facilities supply
chains, and other infrastructure to produce products in India. These initial investments
and operational costs can contribute to the overall pricing. Distribution and Retail
Margins: The distribution and retailecosystem in India may have its own markup,
which adds to the retail price. Various intermediaries involved in the distribution chain,
along with their margins,can influence the final pricing.

3. Distribution and Retail Margins: The distribution and retail ecosystem in India may
have its own markup, which adds to the retail price. Various intermediaries involved in
the distribution chain, along with their margins, can influence the final pricing.

4.Currency Fluctuations: Currency exchange rates can impact the pricing of

imported
products. If the Indian rupee weakens against the currency in which Apple products
are priced (e.g., US dollars), it can result in higher prices for consumers.
 5. Brand Positioning and Strategy: Apple has historically positioned itself as a premium
brand with a focus on high-quality products and user experience. This positioning,

Nalong with Apple's brand value and perception, allowsthe company to maintain higher
prices compared to some other competitors.

It becomes clear why Apple products tend to have relatively higher prices in India
compared to some other regions. It's important to note that pricing strategies can also play
a role, as Apple has positioned itself as a premium brand with a focus on high- quality
products and user experience, which may contribute to the perceived value and pricing of
its devices.

NEW
NEWS

NEWS
INSIGHT PRISM
BHARATPE FOUNDED IN 2018 WITH THE
VISION TO MAKE FINANCIAL INCLUSION
A REALITY FOR INDIAN MERCHANTS,
BHARATPE MAKES DIGITAL PAYMENTS
MORE ACCESSIBLE FOR OVER 10 MILLION
SMALL OFFLINE MERCHANTS AND
KIRANA STORE OWNERS IN THE
COUNTRY, WITH ITS INTEROPERABLE UPI
QR WHICH WAS THE FIRST IN INDIA WITH
ZERO TRANSACTION FEES. THE
COMPANY ALSO FACILITATES LOANS TO
OFFLINE MERCHANTS IN PARTNERSHIP
WITH NBFCS, AND LAUNCHED INDIA'S
FIRST ZERO RENTAL POS MACHINE FOR
MERCHANTS IN 2020. BHARATPE ALSO
OFFERS CONSUMER FINTECH PRODUCTS
LIKE POSTPE. NAMED AS THE "FINTECH
COMPANY OF THE YEAR' AT INDIA
BANKING SUMMIT & AWARDS 2022,
BHARATPE SERVES A NETWORK OF 10
MILLION MERCHANTS ACROSS 300+
CITIES IN INDIA.
ABOUT BHARATPE

• BharatPe has raised over $650 million

in equity and debt to date and is
backed by Tiger Global, Dragoneer
Investment Group, Steadfast Capital,
Coated Management, Ribbit Capital,
and others.
• In FY22, BharatPe made revenue of
INR 321 crores while it racked up a loss
of INR 5594 crores (85% was due to an
accounting standard).
• Funds own the majority of BharatPe's
shares, accounting for 65.32%, while
Founder hold 15.99%, Enterprise hold
11.11%, ESOP hold 6.69%, Other People
hold 0.59% and Angel hold 0.24%.
BharatPe decided to select only crickets for its brand ambassadors.
The makers of the campaign “Team BharatPe” realized that the cricket
industry has a huge fan following.
BharatPe assured merchants and retailers that payment made
through UPI payment gateways will reach their bank accounts
including attractive cashback.
BharatPe provided a single QR code for many digital payment
merchants. The merchants need not to pay any commission anymore
‌The other campaign "Ek Bharat Ek QR" gained a lot of popularity too.

BHARATPE PURCHASED A BANK 🏦

‌ s BharatPe teamed up with
A
Centrum Financial Services to
bid for the troubled Punjab
and Maharashtra Cooperative
(PMC) Bank, a crucial sub-plot
was to create a subsidiary
focused on the lucrative
banking technology
infrastructure market.
‌ he acquisition of PMC Bank,
T
driven by Jaspal Bindra &
Ashneer Grover to create Unity
SFB will go down as one of the
smartest corporate moves in
history.
‌ The PMC Bank branches started
operating as Unity Small Finance
Bank Ltd. branches from
January 25, 2022
P
A
Ashneer Grover, former Managing Director (MD) and Co-
founder of Bharatpe and his wife, Madhuri Jain Grover,
the business's Head of Controls were fired from the
company after preliminary assessment in an independent

S audit completed by Alvarez and Marsal and PwC. While

at the helm, Ashneer was alleged to have committed
several corporate crimes, primarily owing to misuse of

T assets, where company funds were utilized for personal

purposes and money was funneled through fictitious HR
departments which were linked to each other. This was

B the initial push which drove the authors to dig deeper

and pursue research into this matter.An FIR is filed
against former MD of BharatPe, Ashneer Grover, along

L with his wife and family members for the alleged fintech
fraud of ₹81 crore.The suit, running into 2,800 pages,
alleges that Mr. Grover, his wife Madhuri Jain and other

U
family members created fake bills, enlisted fictitious
vendors to provide services to the company and
overcharged the company for recruitment.

N
Ashneer Grover resigned as MD and from the
board director after receiving the agenda for the
upcoming Board meeting that included submission

D of the PWC report regarding his conduct and

considering actions based on it. According to
BharatPe's official statement, the board reserves

E the right to take action based on the report's

findings.

R While he relinquished the roles of BharatPe MD and

director of the board, Grover has stated that he will
continue on as the "single largest individual shareholder

S of the company."
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 Farewell

Dear Seniors,

As you embark on this new chapter of your journey, we want

to express our heartfelt gratitude for the incredible impact
you've had on our college society. Your leadership,
dedication, and passion have not only enriched our lives but
have also left an indelible mark on our organization.

Your wisdom and guidance have been invaluable, and your

camaraderie has made our time here unforgettable. As you
step out into the world, may your paths be filled with success,
happiness, and countless new adventures.

Remember, you'll always have a special place in our hearts

and in our society. Farewell, seniors! You will be dearly
missed, but your legacy will continue to inspire us.

Wishing you all the best in your future endeavors.

 We have now completed this edition. We
sincerely appreciate everyone who
contributed their time and effort to our
work. We would like to express our
appreciation to the entire administration for
their exceptional enthusiasm, support, and
leadership throughout this project
competition.
We'd like to thank the readers, professors,
and everyone else who helped make
avinyaa.