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    Experiment No 04

    Uploaded by

    Raj Adsul

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Experiment No 04

    Uploaded by

    Raj Adsul
    11 views3 pages

    Original Title

    Experiment No 04 (1)

    Copyright

    © © All Rights Reserved

    Available Formats

    DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

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    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    11 views3 pages

    Experiment No 04

    Uploaded by

    Raj Adsul

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    of 3

    Experiment No: 4

    AIM: Concurrent programming; use of threads and processes, system calls


    (fork and v-fork).
    Objective: To study and implement use of threads, processes and fork v-fork system call.

    Theory:

    Fork()

    System call fork() is used to create processes. It takes no arguments and returns a process
    ID. The purpose of fork() is to create a new process, which becomes the child process of the
    caller. After a new child process is created, both processes will execute the next instruction
    following the fork() system call. The child and parent processes are located in separate
    physical address spaces. As a result, the modification in the parent process doesn't appear in
    the child process.Therefore, we have to distinguish the parent from the child. This can be done
    by testing the returned value of fork():

    ● If fork() returns a negative value, the creation of a child process was unsuccessful.
    ● fork() returns a zero to the newly created child process.
    ● fork() returns a positive value, the process ID of the child process, to the parent. The
    returned process ID is of type pid_t defined in sys/types.h. Normally, the process ID is an
    integer. Moreover, a process can use function getpid() to retrieve the process ID assigned
    to this process.

    Source Code:

    #include <stdio.h>
    #include <sys/types.h>
    #include <unistd.h>

    int main() {
    // Write C code here
    fork();
    printf("Process id=%d\n", getpid());

    return 0;
    }

    Output:

    Vfork()

    Similar to fork(), vfork() creates a new subprocess for the calling process. However,
    vfork() is specifically designed for subprocesses to execute exec() programs immediately.

    vfork() creates a child process just like fork(), but it does not copy the address space of the
    parent process to the child process completely, because the child process will immediately
    call exec (or exit), so the address space will not be accessed. However, before a child process
    calls exec or exit, it runs in the space of the parent process. Another difference between
    vfork() and fork() is that vfork() ensures that the child process runs first, and that the parent
    process may not be scheduled until it calls exec or exit. (if the child process depends on
    further actions of the parent process before these two functions are called, a deadlock can
    result.)

    Source Code:

    #include <stdio.h>
    #include <unistd.h>
    #include <sys/types.h>
    //main function begins
    int main(){
    pid_t p= vfork(); //calling of fork system call
    if(p==-1)
    printf("Error occured while calling fork()");
    else if(p==0)
    printf("This is the child process with ID=%d\n", getpid());
    else
    printf("This is the parent processwith ID=%d\n", getpid());
    return 0;
    }

    Output:

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