Tableofcontent

Table of content
Page 1………………………………………………………………...Contents
Page 2………………………………………………………… …. introduction
Page 3………………………………………………………………...question 1
Page 4………………………………………………………………...question 2
Page 5………………………………………………………………...question 3
Page 6………………………………………………………………...question 4
Page 7………………………………………………………………...question 5
Page 8………………………………………………………………conclusions
Page 9………………………………………………………………...references
Introduction
A community health nurse is an trained nurse who works closely with residents of a local
community, often providing direct care and educational services to the individuals and
families who live there. Community health nurses are part of the public health sector, defined
by the American Nurses Association (ANA) as “the practice of promoting and protecting the
health of populations using knowledge from nursing, social and public health sciences.”
Question 1
1.1
- Distance
- Negligence
1.2
 identify the community by gathering information through formal and informal
means.
- collect informal information about the community (this is done through

interview with individuals, through focus groups discussion, through mapping,
contact opinion leaders, through house-to-house census)
 Identify the leadership.
- It is very important to recognise the position and roles of the community leaders
in order that they will help the community health officer to develop ways in
seeking their co-operation and support for programme Implementation. In
meeting with chiefs and their stool/skin elders, it is important to schedule meeting,
times to suit the convenience of the traditional leaders.
 Meet the community leaders first.
- first greet chief and elders. Introduce yourself to the chief elders and other local
leaders, inform them of your work with them.
 Identify contact persons.
- Apart from the chiefs and elders, there are various interest groups and
personalities in every community who must be identified to serve as contact
persons in working with the community.
Question 2
2.1
- internal environment refers to the physical, biological, and psychological component to

which an individual is exposed while and is less under the control of individuals while
internal environment relates to every tissue, organ and system of the body and their
harmonious functioning. Is usual controlled by individual.
2.2.
- chemical pollution
- air pollution
- climate change
- disease-causing microbes
- lack of access to health care
- poor infrastructure
- water pollution.
- unsafe sex
Question 3
3.1
- Avoiding unplanned pregnancies

- Preventing the spread of sexually transmitted diseases (STDs)
- Reducing rates of infertility by addressing the STDs
- it allows the spacing between the children.
3.2
- contraceptive pills (ECPs) are pills that can be taken up to be taken up to 72 hours after sex
(three days). Emergency contraceptive pills may be less effective if you are late taking them.
Emergency contraceptive pills may change the amount of bleeding for your next period and
make your period late or earlier.
- Intrauterine devices (IUDs) are small contraceptive devices that are inserted into the uterus
(womb) to prevent pregnancy. They are safe to use if you are breastfeeding. effective method
of emergency contraception and can be used as very effective ongoing contraception for up to
10 years.
Question 4.
4.1
- Poisons
- Gases produced by clostridium pefuringens
4.2
 The incubation period - is the number of days between when you're infected
with something and when you might see symptoms.
 The prodromal period - is the period characterized by the presence of early
signs and nonspecific symptoms of a disease.
 Fastigium period - the highest point of a fever or disease; the period of greatest
development of an infection
 Defervescence phase - is often very rapid, the temperature falling five or six
degrees in twelve hours.
 Convalescence stage - is the period in which the body recovers from a serious
illness, injury or surgery.
Question 5
5.1
The Expanded Programme on Immunization (EPI) was established in 1974 to develop

and expand immunization programs throughout the world. In 1977, the goal was set to make
immunization against diphtheria, pertussis, tetanus, poliomyelitis, measles and tuberculosis
available to every child in the world by 1990. EPI covers vaccination services implemented
in order to ensure the immunization of all vulnerable age groups by preventively reaching out
to them before they contract and develop infectious diseases.
5.2
Contact notification is the process of identifying relevant contacts of a person identified

with an infectious disease so they can be informed about their exposure and be offered
physical examination, investigations and treatment. Contact tracing is an essential part of the
clinical management of patients diagnosed with STIs and blood-borne infections.
Health care providers have a professional responsibility to ensure contact tracing takes place.
In most cases contact tracing can be undertaken by the index case with assistance from health
care providers as required.
When performed well, contact tracing supports sexual health education, and is an opportunity
to provide individual interventions that bring about sustained behaviour change e.g., safer
sex/injecting, alcohol and other drugs.
Conclusions
Community health nurses are instrumental in maintaining the health of a community and
advocating for the needs of its citizens. While they do administer medical care, the primary
goal of community health nurses is to promote disease prevention and the development of
healthy behaviours and habits.
References
betterhealth.vic.gov.au
https://www.familyplanning.org.nz/advice/contraception/emergency-contraceptive-pill
https://www.health.wa.gov.au/Silver-book/Contact-tracing-managing-sex-partners
https://www.webmd.com/covid/coronavirus-incubation-period
https://www.who.int/teams/immunization-vaccines-and-biologicals/essential-programme-on-
immunization
www.merriam-webster.com
https://online.uah.edu/degrees/nursing/rn-to-bsn/what-is-a-community-health-nurse

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- collect informal information about the community (this is done through

 Identify the leadership.

 Meet the community leaders first.

 Identify contact persons.

- internal environment refers to the physical, biological, and psychological component to

- lack of access to health care

- Avoiding unplanned pregnancies

- Gases produced by clostridium pefuringens

The Expanded Programme on Immunization (EPI) was established in 1974 to develop

Contact notification is the process of identifying relevant contacts of a person identified

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