Tugas Drainase Perkotaan

1.
Please Explain What Drainage Means And How It Differs From Urban
Drainage.
Jawaban :
Drainage refers to the process of removing excess water from an area,
whether naturally or through artificial means. It involves managing water
flow to prevent flooding, waterlogging, and other related issues.
Natural drainage occurs without human intervention. It involves the

movement of water through natural channels such as rivers, streams, and
groundwater.Rainwater flows downhill, following the topography of the
land, and eventually reaches bodies of water like lakes, rivers, or the ocean.
Natural drainage systems are essential for maintaining ecological balance
and sustaining ecosystems.
Urban drainage, on the other hand, specifically deals with managing water
in urban areas (cities and towns).It focuses on preventing flooding,
controlling stormwater runoff, and maintaining environmental stability
within densely populated regions.Urban drainage systems include a
combination of engineered structures, pipes, and natural features to manage
water flow. Natural drainage serves ecological and environmental functions,
while urban drainage aims to protect public health, infrastructure, and
property.
Design and Infrastructure:
Natural drainage relies on natural features like rivers, lakes, and wetlands.
Urban drainage involves constructed systems such as stormwater drains,
culverts, retention ponds, and green infrastructure.
Management: Natural drainage is largely self-regulating, following natural
patterns.Urban drainage requires active management, including
maintenance, cleaning, and planning. Urban drainage faces challenges
related to rapid urbanization, impervious surfaces (roads, buildings), and
0
increased runoff.Natural drainage can be impacted by human activities
(deforestation, land use changes) but is generally more resilient.
In summary, while both natural and urban drainage aim to manage water,
they differ in purpose, design, and management approaches.
However, sustainability criteria for urban drainage need to employ
multidisciplinary engineering and sciences to consider all parts of the all
urban water cycle in management to ensure economic, social, ecological and
environmental sustainability (Miguez et al., 2012).
2. Please Explain Why Drainage Planning Needs To Integrate

Hydrological And Hydraulic Aspects And Why Such Planning Is
Prioritized For Sustainable Planning
Jawaban :
When applying a design philosophy to urban drainage, a distinction can be
made between the minor drainage system on one hand, and the major
drainage system and fluvial flood protection works on the other. Ideally,
development should be served by both a minor storm drainage system
(piped system such as a traditional storm sewer system) and a major storm
drainage system (overland system). The minor storm drainage system is
designed to convey stormwater runoff from more frequent storms (smaller,
less severe events) thereby providing safe and convenient use of streets,
parking lots, and other developed areas. The major storm drainage system is
designed to convey stormwater runoff from less frequent storms (larger,
more severe events) when the capacity of the minor storm drainage system
is exceeded. The major storm drainage system generally consists of open
channels, rivers and streams, roadways, and detention/retention ponds. It
should be noted that the use of this type of “split” design philosophy for
drainage infrastructure requires that the effects of surcharging the minor
drainage system (such as flooding of property through the storm sewer
system) be anticipated and addressed during design.
design of storm drainage infrastructure involves the Determination of
the size of the storm drainage system components required to convey a design
flow; while the planning for storm drainage infrastructure focuses primarily
on the allocation of land and easements to accommodate this infrastructure,
and controlling or limiting the interaction between drainage infrastructures
and surrounding development. the magnitude of this design Flow is selected
based on the level of service that a specific piece of drainage infrastructure
should provide (i.e. What are the consequences of flooding and how often is
flooding acceptable?), and is often defined in terms of the frequency of
reoccurrence, either as a probability of flow exceedance or a recurrence
interval between events of similar magnitude. Once the level of service is
selected and the appropriate design frequency is chosen, hydrotechnical
design involves the use of accepted design methodologies, considering
hydrologic input and appropriate design parameters.
The requirements of the major drainage system during the planning
and initial design stages of new development consist primarily of the
allocation of space along both natural and proposed drainage paths as well as
in low lying areas. These requirements would include such things as: the
strategic location of curb jumps to control the depth of flooding on streets and
roadways, surface drainage channels and swales that are sufficiently large to
be able to convey flow without inundating private property and critical public
infrastructure, storm water management infrastructure (e.g. retention and
detention ponds).
2
REFERENCES
Zhou, Q., 2014. A review of sustainable urban drainage systems considering the
climate change and urbanization impacts. Water 6 (4), 976-992.
https://doi.org/10.3390/w6040976
Belete, D.A., 2019. Road and urban storm water drainage network integration in
Addis Ababa: Addis Ketema Sub-city. Journal of Engineering and Technology
Research 3(7), 217–225.
Wakjira Takala Dibaba.,2018. A Review Of Sustainability Of Urban Drainage

System: Traits And Consequences. Journal of Sedimentary Environments. 3 (3):
131-137.
Nader Abbasi.,2014. Strategic Planning for Remediation and optimization of

Irrigation and Drainage Networks: A case study for Iran. Journal of Agriculture
and Agricultural Science Procedia 4 ( 2015 ) 211 – 221

Tugas Drainase Perkotaan

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1.

Natural drainage occurs without human intervention. It involves the

2. Please Explain Why Drainage Planning Needs To Integrate

Wakjira Takala Dibaba.,2018. A Review Of Sustainability Of Urban Drainage

Nader Abbasi.,2014. Strategic Planning for Remediation and optimization of

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