Wireless sensor network for anti poaching

1
Prof.Gouri Patil 2. Megha Bhagat , 3 Poornima Patil, 4 Samreen

ABSTRACT species of trees in forested areas - such as

Teakwood, Sandalwood, Pine and Rosewood
Smuggling/theft of most important trees such as
has been dramatically increased. There have
sandal wood in forests, poses a serious threat to
been several initiatives undertaken by different
forest resources, causes significant economic
stakeholders – and in particular - by the Govt. of
damage and ultimately has quite a devastating
India, to mitigate these problems. These include
effect on the environment all over the world.
the recruitment, training and deployment of
These trees are very costly as well as less
anti-poaching watchers and/or private/govt.
available in the world. These are used in medical
security guards across forests. Strict
sciences as well as cosmetics. Because of huge
punishments for convicted offenders, as well as
amount of money involved in selling of such
giving special incentives for anti-poaching
treessmuggling occurs.This paper propose a
activities (Twelfth Five Year Plan 2012-2017)
microcontroller based anti-poaching system
were aimed for eradicating the menace.
employing WSN technology, which is capable
However, the punitive measures have remained
of detecting theft by monitoring the vibrations
largely ineffective, but still poachers was
produced by the cutting of trees/branches using
continue to thrive.The most effective solution
a 3 axis MEMS accelerometer. WSN is widely
is– “the implementation of a real time, wireless
used technology in remote monitoring
sensor network(WSN) and data logging system”
applications. Due to nature disaster some trees
which will be a advanced and a cheap modern
may fallen and create some sounds for that
technology to make monitoring more robust,
purpose we are using GPS module for
effective and feasible
continuous monitoring of trees location.The
embedded system architecture and the WSN is a most emerging technology, widely
hardware/software designs are described in used in many industrial applications such as
detail. Vibration data collected by various tests monitoring, maintenance, security and control
on wood and simulated. It is also used along application, specific in remote monitoring
with the IOT modules to communicate to a applications etc. In forest areas, WSN are
central server from a remote place. widely used for fire detection in forest, to detect
rearing/poaching of animals[6],for
Keywords-tiit sensor, alarm, blynk app,
environmental monitoring, etc. [3][7].Wireless
GPRS,WSN
Sensor Network facilitates easy installation and
maintenance; they eliminate the use of
expensivecables and save costs. With the help
1. INTRODUCTION
of WSN and some other sensors we can
Now a days poaching or smuggling of implement the system which used to reduce the
environmentally and economically important poaching level in the forest areas.
2. LITERATURE SURVEY: Lulu Liang, Deyun Gao, Hongke Zhang,
Shio Kumar Singh, M P Singh, D K Oliver W. W. Yang, "Efficient Event
Singh,”Routing Protocols in Wireless Detecting Protocol in Event-Driven
Sensor Networks-A Survey", International Wireless Sensor Networks Rochester NY
Journal of Computer Science & USA", IEEE SENSORS JOURNAL, vol.
Engineering Survey (IJCSES), vol. 1, no. 12, no. 6, JUNE 2012.
2, November 2010.
Abstract:
Abstract:
The most important goal in event-driven
Advances in wireless sensor network (WSN)
wireless sensor networks is to transmit the event
technology has provided the availability of small
information to users as soon as possible. One of
and low-cost sensor nodes with capability of
the most important factors that would make it
sensing various types of physical and
possible to reach this goal is the design of
environmental conditions, data
efficient detecting protocols. In this paper, we
processing, and wireless communication.
present an efficient event detecting protocol
Variety of sensing capabilities results in
(EEDP) specified for event monitoring
profusion of application
applications. In the event occuring area, each
areas. However, the characteristics of wireless
node broadcasts its primary detection result to
sensor networks require more effective methods
make a decision corporately. And then the
for data
decision-made node will choose the next hop
forwarding and processing. In WSN, the sensor
using the underlying routing protocol to forward
nodes have a limited transmission range, and
a single alarm packet. To improve the reliable
their processing and storage capabilities as well
transmission of the single alarm packet, we use a
as their energy resources are also limited.
dynamic multicopy scheme similar as
Routing protocols for wireless sensor networks
conventional multipath routing for continuous
are responsible for maintaining the routes in the
flow. The simulation results validate that EEDP
network and have to ensure reliable multi-hop
is a practical and efficient protocol for event
communication under these conditions. In this
detection applications where the constraints of
paper, we give a survey of routing protocols for
end-to-end delay and reliability are stringent.
Wireless Sensor Network and compare their
strengths and limitations.
 3. PROPOSED SYSTEM mercury-switch. It contains a metallic ball inside

We are developing such a system which can that will commute the two pins of the device
be used to restrict this smuggling. Every tree from on to off and viceversa if the sensor
will be equipped with one small electronics
unit which consists of Micro Controller, reaches a certain angle.
MEMS sensor, GPS and IOT module. In big
forest, each tree will be having sensor unit
which is fitted on stem of tree will The code example is exactly as the one we
Communicate with their server unit .The would use for a pushbutton but substituting this
communication between tree unit and server
unit take place by using IOT module. Tree one with the tilt sensor. We use a pull-up resistor
cutting will be detected by sound sensor and (thus use active-low to activate the pins) and
MEMS. By using sound sensor we can predict
the cutting tree .once the tree will fallen the connect the sensor to a digital input pin that we
nearest tree will sense the sound of fallen trees will read when needed.
and send the signal to server.Sensor values
having some fixed threshold value, once the
threshold value will match to the current
value, it will send the alert signal to server due 4.2 Software Requirements: Arduino IDE,
to that signal the forest ranger may get more Embedded c.
alert on that particular area. Due to nature 4.2.1 Arduino IDE:
disaster some trees may fallen, for that Arduino consists of both a physical
purpose we are using GPS module for programmable circuit board (often referred
continuous monitoring of trees location to as a microcontroller) and a piece of
software, or IDE (Integrated Development
4. TECHNOLOGY USED
Environment) that runs on your computer,
used to write and upload computer code to
4.1 Hardware Requirements: Arduino Uno, the physical board.
Tilt sensor

4.1.1 Arduino Uno

Arduino is an open-source electronics 4.2.2 Embedded C++:
prototyping platform based on flexible, easy- Embedded C is most popular programming
to-use hardware and software. It is intended language in software field for developing
for artists, designers, hobbyists, and anyone electronic gadgets. Each processor used in
interested in creating interactive objects or electronic system is associated with
environments. embedded software. Embedded C ++
programming plays a key role in
performing specific function by the
processor. In day- to-day life we used many
4.1.2Tilt sensor:
The tilt sensor is a component that can detect the electronic devices such as mobile phone,
washing machine, digital camera, etc. All
tilting of an object. However it is only the
these devices works based on the
equivalent to a pushbutton activated through a microcontroller that are programmed by
different physical mechanism. This type of embedded C++
sensor is the environmental-friendly version of a
5. OVERVIEW 6.CONCLUSION

This paper presented a low-cost and low

power WSN node to detect theft/smuggling,
contributing to the protection of valuable
trees. In future, for more Reliable and sturdy
system, the future work will consist of, •
Protocol testing with larger number of nodes
will be included in the future. The future
work also include:. inclusion of Antenna
into the PCB. Now, the CC500 transreceiver
Antenna is mounted externally. • The Future
The GPS receiver uses serial communication so
Work will include knowing the remaining
we will first need to create a set of serial pins,
battery of a particular node alongwith
we can’t use the Arduino’s 0 and 1 serial pins
Temperature, sensed by a particular Node. •
because these are used to program the board
( we actually can use them but you would have
The future work will include validating the

to disconnect your GPS receiver from the board ADXL362 sensed data by a Microphone.
every time you want to upload a new program ). This paper proposes a microcontroller based
anti-poaching system employing a WSN
The serial pins will be created in pin 2 and 3 for
protocol, which is capable of detecting theft
RX and TX respectively, we will not be
by monitoring vibrations produced while
connecting anything to pin 3 however because
we do not wish to send any data to the GPS cutting trees using a MEMS accelerometer.

module, only receive. We also need an object of A low power msp430f5528 microcontroller
the TinyGPS library: is used along with 2.4 GHz CC2500
transreceiver to communicate to a central
SoftwareSerial gpsSerial(2, 3); // create gps
Base Station from a unknown location
sensor connection
where activity is detected. WSN is widely
TinyGPS gps; // create gps object used technology for monitoring application

The “gpsSerial” object is used to extract data to reduce the limitation of transmitting
from the GPS receiver, the “gps” object is used capacity of a communication module and
to separate the receiver’s data into individual also to reduce battery consumtion of device
components. to extend Battery life. The embedded system
architecture and the hardware/software network with ez430-rf2500 development tools
designs are described in detail. and msp430fg4618/f2013 experimenter boards

7.FUTURE WORK from texas instruments, Jilin University, China,

2009 August 2011.

We can add the new technology such 4. Awang, A., &Suhaimi, M. H. (2007).
as data science and artificial intelligence to RIMBAMONc A Forest Monitoring System
work and make it more automated and more Using Wireless Sensor Networks. Proceedings
reliable thus making the process more of IEEE International Conference on Intelligent

advantages. and Advanced Systems (ICIAS), ISBN 978-1-

4244-1355-3, pp. 1101-1106, Kuala Lumpur,

9. IMPLEMENTATION AND RESULTS November 2007.

5. Lozano, C., & Rodriguez, O. (2010). Design

of Forest Fire Early Detection System Using
Wireless Sensor Networks. The Online Journal
on Electronics and Electrical Engineering
(OJEEE), Vol. 3, No. 2, Reference Number
W10-0097.

6. F.G. Nakamura, F.P. Quintao, G.C. Menezes,

and G.R. Mateus. An Optimal Node Scheduling
for flat Wireless Sensor Networks. In
Proceedings of the IEEE International
Conference on Networking (ICN05), volume
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7. Kovacs, Z. G., Marosy, G. E., & Horvath, G.

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