INVERSE TRIGONOMETRIC FUNCTIONS

Multiple Choice Questions

1. Which of the following corresponds to the principal value branch of 𝑡𝑎𝑛−1 𝑥.
𝜋 𝜋 𝜋 𝜋 𝜋 𝜋
(a) (− 2 , 2 ) (b) [− 2 , 2 ] (c) (− 2 , 2 ) − {0} (d) (0, 𝜋)

2. The principal value of 𝑠𝑒𝑐 −1 𝑥 is

𝜋 𝜋 𝜋 𝜋 𝜋
(a) [− 2 , 2 ] − {0} (b) [0, 𝜋] − {2 } (c) (0, 𝜋) (d) (− 2 , 2 )
43𝜋
3. The value of 𝑠𝑖𝑛−1 (𝑐𝑜𝑠 ( )) is
5
3𝜋 −7𝜋 𝜋 −𝜋
(a) (b) (c) 10 (d)
5 5 10
−1 [𝑐𝑜𝑠(−680°)]
4. The principal value of the expression 𝑐𝑜𝑠 is
2𝜋 −2𝜋 34𝜋 𝜋
(a) (b) (c) (d) 9
9 9 9

5. The value of 𝑐𝑜𝑡(𝑠𝑖𝑛−1 𝑥) is

√1+𝑥 2 𝑥 1 √1−𝑥2
(a) (b) √1+𝑥2 (c) 𝑥 (d)
𝑥 𝑥

6. The domain of 𝑠𝑖𝑛−1 2𝑥 is

−1 1
(a) [0, 1] (b) [−1, 1] (c) [ 2 , 2] (d) [−2, 2]
−√3
7. The principal value of 𝑠𝑖𝑛−1 ( ) is
2
−2𝜋 −𝜋 4𝜋 5𝜋
(a) (b) (c) (d)
3 3 3 3
3 1
8. The value of 𝑡𝑎𝑛 (𝑐𝑜𝑠 −1 5 + 𝑡𝑎𝑛−1 4) is
19 8 19 3
(a) (b) 19 (c) 12 (d) 4
8

9. The value of the expression 𝑠𝑖𝑛 [𝑐𝑜𝑡 −1 (𝑐𝑜𝑠(𝑡𝑎𝑛−1 (1)))] is

1 2
(a) 0 (b) 1 (c) (d) √3
√3

10. The value of 𝑠𝑖𝑛(2𝑠𝑖𝑛−1 (0.6)) is

(a) 0.48 (b) 0.96 (c) 1.2 (d) 𝑠𝑖𝑛(1.2)

7𝜋
11. The value of cos −1 (cos ) is
6

𝜋 𝜋 7𝜋 5𝜋
(a) 6 (b) − 6 (c) (d)
6 6

5𝜋
12. The principal value of sin−1 (sin )is
6

𝜋 5𝜋 7𝜋
(𝑎) (b) (c) (d) none of these
6 6 6
 𝜋 1
13. The value of sin [ 3 − sin−1 (− 2)]is

1
(a) 1 (b) -1 (c) 0 (d) 2

14. The principal value of cos–1 (cos 5) is

(a) 5 (b) 𝜋 -5 (c) 5-𝜋 (d) 2𝜋-5

𝜋 1
15. The value of cos [ 6 + cos−1 (− 2)] is equal to

√3 √3 1 1
(a) (b) - (c) (d) − 2
2 2 2

𝜋
16. If sin−1(1 − 𝑥) − 2 sin−1 𝑥 = 2 , then x is equal to
1 1 1
(a) 0 , (b) 1, 2 (c) 0 (d)
2 2

17. If 𝛼 ≤ cos−1 𝑥 + 2sin−1 𝑥 ≤ 𝛽 then

−𝜋 𝜋 −𝜋 3𝜋
(a) 𝛼 = 2 , 𝛽 = 2 (b) 𝛼 = 2 , 𝛽 = 2 (c) 𝛼 = 0 , 𝛽 = 𝜋 (d) 𝛼 = 0 , 𝛽 = 2𝜋

18. If cos −1 𝑥 + cos−1 𝑦 + cos−1 𝑧 = 3𝜋 then x(y + z) + y(z + x) + z(x + y) equals

(a) 0 (b) 1 (c) 6 (d) 12

1 2
19. The value of the expression tan (2 cos−1 ) is
√5

(a) 2−√5 (b) 2 + √5 (c) √5 -2 (d) 0

𝜋
20. The number of solutions of the equation 𝑡𝑎𝑛−1 2𝑥 + 𝑡𝑎𝑛−1 3𝑥 = is
4

(a) 0 (b) 1 (c) 2 (d) 3

  3 
21. The value of tan−1 ( −1) in the interval  ,  is
2 2 

 3  3
(a) − (b) (c) (d) −
4 4 4 4

22. The teacher demonstrated Indrani about the domain and range of the function f ( x ) = sin x . She

asked her to check whether the inverse trigonometric function sin−1 x exists or not. Indrani found

one condition based on which the inverse may exist. The condition can be

(a) The domain of the function f ( x ) = sin x must be restricted with same range.

(b) The range of the function f ( x ) = sin x must be restricted with same domain.
 (c) The values of x for which f ( x ) = sin x is zero, must be excluded to get the inverse

(d) None of these

23. An asymptote is a straight line that constantly approaches a given curve but does not meet at any
finite distance. In other words, Asymptote is a line that a curve approaches as it moves towards
infinity. The asymptotes of y = tan −1 x are

   
(a) x = − , x = (b) x = 0, x =  (c) y = − , y = (d) y = 0, y = 
2 2 2 2

24. To find the inverse of a function, we may refer the reflection of any function with respect to the line
y = kx . The value of k is

(a) 1 (b) – 1 (c) any real number (d) none of these

25. Given below the graph of f ( x ) = sec−1 x . Which information is not true about the graph?

(a) f ( x ) has no value between the interval  −1,1 .

(b) f ( x ) will intersect the line x = 1 at the point (1,0)

 
(c) f ( x ) will intersect the line x = −1 at the point  −1, 
 2

(d) none of these

Answer key-
(1) a (2) b (3) d (4) a (5) d (6) c (7) b (8) a (9) d (10) b
(11) d (12) a (13) a (14) d (15) b (16) c (17) c (18) c (19) c (20) b
(21) b (22) a (23) c (24) a (25) c

Assertion Reason Based Questions

In the following questions, a statement of assertion (A)is followed by a statement of Reason (R).
Choose the correct answer out of the following choices.
(a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
(b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
(c) A is true but R is false.
(d) A is false but R is true.

2𝜋 2𝜋
1. (A): 𝑠𝑖𝑛−1 [𝑠𝑖𝑛 ( 3 )] = 3
−𝜋 𝜋
(R): 𝑠𝑖𝑛−1 [𝑠𝑖𝑛𝛼] = 𝛼 if 𝛼 ∈ [ 2 , 2 ]

2. (A): Principal value of 𝑐𝑜𝑠 −1 (1) = 𝜋

(R): Value of 𝑐𝑜𝑠(0) = 1
−𝜋 𝜋
3. (A): Range of 𝑡𝑎𝑛−1 𝑥 is ( 2 , 2 )

(R): Domain of 𝑡𝑎𝑛−1 𝑥 is .

4. (A): Range of 𝑐𝑜𝑡 −1 𝑥 is (0, 𝜋).

(R): Domain of 𝑡𝑎𝑛−1 𝑥 is .

1 𝜋
5. (A): Principal value of 𝑠𝑖𝑛−1 ( ) is 4 .
√2
1 𝜋
(R): Principal value of 𝑐𝑜𝑡 −1 ( ) is 6 .
√3
13𝜋 𝜋
6. (A): The principal value of 𝑐𝑜𝑠 −1 [𝑐𝑜𝑠 ( )] = 6 .
6
5𝜋 5𝜋
(R): The principal value of 𝑡𝑎𝑛−1 [𝑡𝑎𝑛 ( )] = .
6 6
𝑎 𝑎
7. (A): The value of 𝑠𝑖𝑛 [𝑡𝑎𝑛−1 𝑏] is √𝑏2 .
−𝑎2
𝑎 𝑏 𝑏
(R): The value of 𝑡𝑎𝑛 [𝑐𝑜𝑡 −1 𝑏] is 𝑎 (𝑎 > 0).
𝜋
8. (A): The value of 𝑡𝑎𝑛−1 √3 − 𝑠𝑒𝑐 −1 (−2) is − 3 .

(R): If 𝑐𝑜𝑠 −1 𝑥 = 𝑦 then principal value of y is 0 ≤ 𝑦 ≤ 𝜋.

5 3
9. (A): The value of 𝑐𝑜𝑠 [𝑠𝑒𝑐 −1 3] = 5.
1
(R): The value of 𝑠𝑒𝑐 −1 𝑥 is 𝑐𝑜𝑠 −1 𝑥 for all x ∈ .
10. (A): 𝑡𝑎𝑛−1 (−𝑥) = −𝑡𝑎𝑛−1 𝑥, 𝑥 ∈ .

(R): 𝑠𝑒𝑐 −1 (−𝑥) = 𝜋 − 𝑠𝑒𝑐 −1 𝑥, 𝑥 ∈ .


  
11. (A): The value of sin −1 cos ( sin −1 x ) + cos −1 sin ( cos −1 x ) is     −1,1 .
2 x

(R): sin−1 x + cos−1 x =    −1,1 .
2 x
3 9
12. (A): If sin−1 x + sin−1 y + sin−1 z = , then x 2020 + y 2021 + z 2022 − 2020 =0
2 x + y 2021 + z 2022

(R): The greatest value of sin−1 x is 1 at x = 1 .

13. (A): The value of sin−1 ( sin10) is 3 − 10 .

(R): The value of cos−1 ( cos10) is 4 − 10 .

  1  −1  5 
 29
14. (A): tan cos −1   − sin   =
  82   26   3


(R): For positive x, x cos ( cot −1 x ) + sin ( cot −1 x )  51 1
2
= x= .
50 5 2
15. (A): sin−1 ( − x ) = − sin−1 x and cos−1 ( − x ) =  − cos−1 x if −1  x  1 .

1− x 1+ x
(R): cos −1 ( x ) = 2sin −1 = 2cos −1 if −1  x  1 .
2 2

3   5 
16. (A): The range of f ( x ) = 2sin−1 x + is  ,  if −1  x  1 .
2 2 2 
(R): The range of principal value range of sin−1 x is  0,  .

17. (A): Maximum value of ( cos −1 x ) is  2 .

2

  
(R): The range of principal value range of cos −1 x is  − ,  .
 2 2
18. (A): The range of f ( x ) = sin−1 x + 2cos−1 x is  0,  if −1  x  1 .

  
(R): The range of principal value range of sin−1 x is  − ,  .
 2 2
19. (A): All trigonometric functions have their inverse over the principal domain.
  
(R): The inverse of tan x : →  − ,  exists.
 2 2
20. (A): sin sin−1 x = x for all x  domain.

(R): sin−1 sin x = x for all x  domain.

 Answer Key
(1) d (2) d (3) b (4) b (5) c (6) c (7) d (8) b (9) a (10) c

(11) a (12) a (13) b (14) d (15) b (16) c (17) c (18) d (19) b (20) c

Case Study Based Questions

1. The Government of India is planning to fix a hoarding board at the face of a building on the road
of a busy market of awareness of COVID – 19 protocols. Ram, Robert and Rahim are the three
engineers who are working in this project. “A” is considered to be a person viewing the hoarding
board 20 meters away from building, standing at the edge of a pathway nearby. Ram, Robert and
Rahim suggested to the firm to place the hoarding board at three different locations namely C, D
and E. “C” is at the height of 10 meters from the ground level. For the viewer A, the angle of
elevation of “D” is double the angle of elevation “C”. The angle of elevation “E” is triple the
angle of elevation of “C” for the same viewer. Look at the figure given and based on the above
information answer the following:

Based on the above information, answer the following questions.

(i) Measure of CAB =
1
a. tan−1 2 b. tan −1 c. tan−1 1 d. tan−1 3
2
(ii) Measure of DAB =
3 4
a. tan −1 b. tan−1 3 c. tan −1 d. tan−1 4
4 3
(iii) Measure of EAB =
2 11
a. tan−1 11 b. tan−1 3 c. tan −1 d. tan −1
11 2
(iv) A’ is another viewer standing on the same line of observation across the road. If the width
of the road is 5 meters, then the difference between CAB and CA ' B is
1 1 2 11
a. tan −1 b. tan −1 c. tan −1 d. tan −1
12 8 5 21
 (v) Domain and range of tan−1 x are respectively

+    −        
a. , − ,  b. , − ,  c. , − ,  d. ,  0, 
 2 2  2 2  2 2  2

Answer key:
(i) b (ii) c (iii) d (iv) a (v) c

Subjective Type Questions


1. Write the value of 𝑡𝑎𝑛−1 (√3) − 𝑐𝑜𝑡 −1 (−√3). Ans: −
2

2. Find the principal value of 𝑡𝑎𝑛−1 (√3) − 𝑠𝑒𝑐 −1 (−2). Ans: −
3
1 1
3. If 𝑠𝑖𝑛 (𝑠𝑖𝑛−1 5 + 𝑐𝑜𝑠 −1 𝑥) = 1, then find the value of x. Ans:
5
𝜋
4. If 𝑡𝑎𝑛−1 𝑥 + 𝑡𝑎𝑛−1 𝑦 = 4 , 𝑥𝑦 < 1, then write the value of (1 + 𝑥)(1 + 𝑦). Ans: 2
−1 1
5. Write the value of 𝑐𝑜𝑠 −1 ( 2 ) + 2𝑠𝑖𝑛−1 (2). Ans: 

−𝜋 
6. Write the principal value of 𝑡𝑎𝑛−1 [𝑠𝑖𝑛 ( )]. Ans: −
2 4
𝜋
7. Find the value of 𝑐𝑜𝑡 [ 2 − 2𝑐𝑜𝑡 −1 (√3)]. Ans: 3

√3 −1 5
8. Write the principal value of [𝑐𝑜𝑠 −1 ( 2 ) + 𝑐𝑜𝑠 −1 ( 2 )]. Ans:
6
1 1
9. Write the value of 𝑡𝑎𝑛 (2𝑡𝑎𝑛−1 (5)). Ans:
2
8 1
10. Solve: 𝑡𝑎𝑛−1 (𝑥 + 1) + 𝑡𝑎𝑛−1 (𝑥 − 1) = 𝑡𝑎𝑛−1 (31),(𝑥 > 0) Ans:
4
1 1
11. Prove that: 3𝑠𝑖𝑛−1 𝑥 = 𝑠𝑖𝑛−1 (3𝑥 − 4𝑥 3 ), 𝑥 ∈ [− 2 , 2] (CBSE 2018)

𝜋 1 𝑎 𝜋 1 𝑎 2𝑏
12. Prove that: tan ( 4 + 2 𝑐𝑜𝑠 −1 𝑏 ) + tan ( 4 − 2 𝑐𝑜𝑠 −1 𝑏 ) = (CBSE 2017)
𝑎

3 3
13. Solve the equation for x: cos(𝑡𝑎𝑛−1 x) = sin(𝑐𝑜𝑡 −1 4) ( CBSE 2017) Ans: 
4

𝑥−3 𝑥+3 𝜋 √17

14. If 𝑡𝑎𝑛 −1 𝑥−4 + 𝑡𝑎𝑛 −1 𝑥+4 = then find the value of x. ( CBSE 2017) Ans: ±
4 2
 4𝑥 6𝑥−8𝑥 3 1
15. Prove that : 𝑡𝑎𝑛 −1 2𝑥 + 𝑡𝑎𝑛 −1 1−4𝑥 2 = 𝑡𝑎𝑛 −1 1−12𝑥 2 : |𝑥| < 2√3
1 1 1 1 𝜋
16. Prove that 𝑡𝑎𝑛 −1 5 + 𝑡𝑎𝑛 −1 7 + 𝑡𝑎𝑛 −1 3 + 𝑡𝑎𝑛 −1 8 = ( CBSE 2016)
4

1
17. Solve for x if 𝑠𝑖𝑛 −1 𝑥 + 𝑠𝑖𝑛−1 ( 1 − 𝑥 ) = 𝑐𝑜𝑠 −1 𝑥 (CBSE 2016) Ans 0, 2
√1+𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥 +√1−𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥 𝑥 𝜋
18. Prove that 𝑐𝑜𝑡 −1 = 0< 𝑥 < (CBSE2016)
√1+𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥 −√1−𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥 2 2
5𝜋 2
19. If( 𝑡𝑎𝑛−1 𝑥)2 +(𝑐𝑜𝑡 −1 𝑥)2 = then find x. (CBSE 2015) Ans x= -1
8
𝑥𝑦+1 𝑦𝑧+1 𝑧𝑥+1
20. Prove that 𝑐𝑜𝑡 −1 + 𝑐𝑜𝑡 −1 + 𝑐𝑜𝑡 −1 = 0 ( 0 < 𝑥𝑦, 𝑦𝑧, 𝑧𝑥 < 1)
𝑥−𝑦 𝑦−𝑧 𝑧−𝑥

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