INFINITIVE to be

BASE FORM
V1 V2 V3
present simple,
INFINITIVE, BASE Past Simple Past Participle
FORM

Be (AM, IS ,
Was/Were Been
3RAS ARE)
DANCES DANCE DANCED DANCED
PLAYS PLAY PLAYED PLAYED
BEATS to beat Beat Beaten
BECOMES to become Became Become
BEGINS to begin Began Begun
BITES bite Bit Bitten
BLOWS Blow Blew Blown
BREAKS Break Broke Broken
Bring Brought Brought
Build Built Built
Burn Burnt/Burned Burnt/Burned
Buy Bought Bought
CATCHES Catch Caught Caught
CHOOSES Choose Chose Chosen
COMES Come Came Come
COSTS Cost Cost Cost
CUTS Cut Cut Cut
DEALS Deal Dealt Dealt
DOES /GOES Do Did Done
Draw Drew Drew
Dream Dreamt/Dreamed Dreamt/Dreamed
Drink Drank Drunk
Drive Drove Driven
Eat Ate Eaten
Fall Fell Fallen
Feed Fed Fed
Feel Felt Felt
FIGHTS Fight Fought Fought
FINDS Find Found Found
FLIES Fly Flew Flown
FORGETS Forget Forgot Forgotten
FREEZES Freeze Froze Frozen

Get Got Got

GETS
GIVES Give Gave Given
GOES Go Went Gone
 Grow Grew Grown
Hang Hung Hung
HAS Have/HAS Had Had
Hear Heard Heard
Hide Hid Hidden
Hit Hit Hit
Hold Held Held
Hurt Hurt Hurt
Keep Kept Kept

Know Knew Known

Learn Learnt/Learned Learnt/Learned

Leave Left Left

Lend Lent Lent

 IRREGULAR VERBS
V1 v2 v3

Past
Spanish Base Form Past Simple Spanish
Participle

Ser/ LETS Let Let Let Dejar

Estar
**
**
Golpear LIES Lie Lay Lain reposar
Volverse LIGHTS Light Lit Lit Ligero
Empezar LOSES Lose lost Lost Perder
Morder MAKES Make Made Made Hacer
soplar MEANS Mean Meant Meant Significar
romper MEETS Meet Met Met Reunirse
Traer PAYS Pay Paid Paid Pagar
Construir PUTS Put Put Put Poner
Quemar READS Read Read Read Leer
Comprar RIDES Ride Rode Ridden Montar
Captura RINGS Ring Rang Rung Sonar
Escoger RUNS Run Ran Run Correr
Venir SAYS Say Said Said Decir
Costar SEES See Saw Seen Ver
Cortar Sell Sold Sold Vender
Negociar sends Send Sent Sent Enviar
Hacer sets Set Set Set Colocar
Dibujar shakes Shake Shook Shaken Sacudir
Soñar shoots Shoot Shot Shot Disparar
Beber shows Show Showed Shown Mostrar
Manejar shuts Shut Shut Shut Cerrar*
Comer sings Sing Sang Sung Cantar
Otoño sinks Sink Sank Sunk Hundir
Alimentar sits Sit Sat Sat Sentar
SENTIR sleeps Sleep Slept Slept Dormir
Lucha smells Smell Smelt/Smelled Smelt/Smelled Oler
Encontrar speaks Speak Spoke Spoken Hablar
Volar spells Spell Spelt/Spelled Spelt/Spelled Deletrear
Olvidar spends Spend Spent Spent Gastar
Congelar spills Spill Spilt/Spilled Spilt/Spilled Derramarse

Obtener spreads Spread Spread Spread Esparcir

Dar stands Stand Stood Stood Estar de pie

Ir steals Steal Stole Stolen Robar
Crecer stings Sting Stung Stung Picar
Colgar swims Swim Swam Swum Nadar
Tener takes Take Took Taken Tomar
Oír teaches Teach Taught Taught Enseñar
Esconder tells Tell Told Told Contar
Golpear thinks Think Thought Thought Pensar
Sostener throws Throw Threw Thrown Lanzar
Herir Understand Understood Understood Entender
Mantener wakes Wake Woke Woken Despertar
Saber /
wears Wear Wore Worn Vestir
conocer
Aprender wins Win Won Won Ganar
Salir /
Withdraw Withdrew Withdrawn Retirar
dejar
Prestar writes write Wrote Written Escribir
 INFINITIVE
BASE FORM
PRESENT PAST PAST PARTICIPLE
v1 v2 v3
Cost Cost Cost COSTAR
Cut Cut Cut CORTAR
Let Let Let DEJAR
Put Put Put PONER
Read Read Read LEER
Set Set Set COLOCAR
Shut Shut Shut

EAT ATE EATEN

Do Did Done HACER
See Saw Seen VER
** Sing Sang Sung CANTAR
V1 V2 V3
Sit Sat Sat SENTAR
Sleep Slept Slept DORMIR
Smell Smelt/Smelled Smelt/Smelled OLER
Get Got Got / Gotten TOMAR
Spell Spelt/Spelled Spelt/Spelled DELETREAR
Spend Spent Spent GASTAR
Spill Spilt/Spilled Spilt/Spilled DERRAMAR
Say Said Said DECIR
LOSE LOST LOST
Understan
Understood Understood
d

*
*

i a u
hundir Sink Sank Sunk

Drink Drank Drunk

BEBER
NADAR Swim Swam Swum

Sing Sang Sung

CANTAR
SONAR Ring Rang Rung

suim-
suam-suum
 o en
V1 V2 V3

Drive Drove Driven

CONDUCIR
Forget Forgot Forgotten OLVIDAR
Steal Stole Stolen
ROBAR
Take Took Taken TOMAR
Wake Woke Woken DESPERTAR
write Wrote Written ESCRIBIR

Shake Shook Shaken

SACUDIR
Give Gave Given DAR
sin - y ies s x es ch
cry cries buy buys fix fixes watch
try tries pay pays box boxes catch
study studies play plays strech

s sh es Kiss kisses
choose chooses wish wishes
take takes wash washes es-
bite bites

es
do does cut cuts
go goes win wins

turn on phrasal verb Turns on JUNTOS TIENEN UN SIGNIFICADO DISTIN

break up breaks up

turn off
 turns off

LUIS, ANA, MY DOG

HE, SHE, IT 3Ras SOLO ORACIONES POSITIVAS
TEACH TEACHES
CATCH CH CATCHES
WATCH es WATCHES

HACER DO TERMINAN CON O DOES ANA DOES the EXERCISE

IR GO es GOES JUAN GOES TO THE GYM

FIX Si termina con x FIXES Juan fixes his car

BOX agrega es BOXES She boxes with her trainer

BAKE BAKES
MAKE si TERMINA CON E MAKES
TAKE solo agrega s TAKES
volar volar 3ra
CRY CONS+ Y CRIES FLY flies
FRY QUITA "Y" Y PONE ies FRIES "volar"
STUDY STUDIES LUIS STUDIES MEDICINE
VOWEL+Y
PLAY VOCAL Y PLAYS
STAY SOLO AGREGA S STAYS
SHE
LIE SOLO AGREGAS LIES Mary Ties her shoes
DIE S DIES (She)
TIE TIES

SS- ES My mom doesn't kiss me.

kiss KISSES My mom kisses me every time.
PASS PASSES My friend passes the exam.
My friend doesn't pass the
SHE ALWAYS PASSES HER EXAMS
SHE DOESN'T PASS HER EXAMS
 S+ V1+ C
ANA MARIA CRIES (CRY) I MAKE HOMEWORK
CONS+Y HE PLAYS VIDEOGAMES
QUITA LA Y Y PONE ies SHE STUDIES MEDICINE
IT CRIES A LOT
CRIES WE DANCE SALSA MUSIC
FRY-FRIES YOU SAY THE TRUTH
THEY COOK PASTA

(infinitivo)
Juan plays cards
The boy learns

i like to dance

I like dancing
PRESENT SIMPLE
 es
es
es
es

do does HACER ES
GO goes IR

MAKES
fixES TAKES

UN SIGNIFICADO DISTINTO
S POSITIVAS

Ana walks and runs in the forest

Ana doesn't walk and run in the forest
Ana doesn't do the exercise

WE FRY POTATOES
(FRY)
(mosca) the Chef mario fries potatoeTHE CHEF MARIO DOESN'T FRY POTATOES
Mario cries MARIO DOESN'T CRY
he studies French HE DOESN'T STUDY FRENCH

MARY DOESN'T TIE HER SHOES

mom doesn't kiss me.

me every time.

friend doesn't pass the exam.

 YES / NO QUESTIONS

I DON'T MAKE HOMEWORK DO I MAKE

HE DOESN'T PLAY VIDEOGAMES DOES HE PLAY
SHE DOESN'T STUDY MEDICINE DOES SHE STUDY
IT DOESN'T CRY A LOT DOES IT CRY
WE DON'T DANCE SALSA MUSIC DO WE DANCE
YOU DON'T SAY THE TRUTH DO YOU SAY
THEY DON'T COOK PASTA DO THEY COOK

WHY DO I MAKE
WHERE DOES HE PLAY
WHY DOES SHE STUDY
WHY DOES IT CRY
WHEN DO WE DANCE
WHEN DO YOU SAY
WHERE DO THEY COOK

SUBJECT MODAL V1
I can Sleep
HE can Smell
SHE can DANCE
IT can RUN
WE can Spend
YOU can COOK
THEY can JUMP

MODAL SUBJECT V1 ?
can I Sleep ?
can HE Smell ?
can SHE DANCE ?
can IT RUN ?
can WE Spend MORE MONEY
can YOU COOK ?
can THEY JUMP ?

MODAL SUBJECT V1 ?
WHY CAN'T I Sleep ?
WHAT can HE Smell ?
WHERE can SHE DANCE ?
 WHERE can IT RUN ?
WHERE can WE Spend MORE MONEY?
HOW can YOU COOK ?
WHAT TIME can THEY COME ?

AUX
POSITIVE NEGATIVE don't / Doesn't

I WALK TO THE PARK I don't WALK

WE WATCH TV WE don't WATCH
YOU PLAY VIDEOGAMES YOU don't PLAY
THEY COOK PIZZA THEY don't COOK

HE WALKS TO THE PARK HE doesn't walk

SHE WATCHES TV SHE doesn't watch
IT PLAYS WITH THE BALL IT doesn't play

SUBJECT V1 C
She plays football
She doesn't play football

Juan studies laws

Juan doesn't study laws

YES / NO QUESTIONS
S / NO QUESTIONS

HOMEWORK ? YES, I DO NO, I DON'T

VIDEOGAMES ?
MEDICINE ? YES, SHE DOESNO, SHE DOESN'T
A LOT ?
SALSA MUSIC ?
THE TRUTH ?
PASTA ? YES, THEY DO NO, THEY DON'T

HOMEWORK ?
VIDEOGAMES ?
MEDICINE ?
A LOT ?
SALSA MUSIC ?
THE TRUTH ?
PASTA ?

SUBJECT MODAL V1
I cannot Sleep
HE cannot Smell
SHE can't DANCE
IT can't RUN
WE can't Spend
YOU can't COOK
THEY can't JUMP

YES, I CAN NO, I CAN'T

YES, HE CAN NO, HE CAN'T
YES, SHE CAN NO, SHE CAN'T CAN MARY DANCE?
YES, IT CAN NO, IT CAN'T NO, MARY CAN'T
YES, WE CAN NO, WE CAN'T YES, MARY CAN
YES, I CAN NO, I CAN'T
YES, THEY CANNO, THEY CAN'T
ORE MONEY?

n't / Doesn't

TO THE PARK
TV
VIDEOGAMES
PIZZA

TO THE PARK
TV
WITH THE BALL
 Read ing
Ride QUITAS LA e + ING riding MAKE
Ring ing TAKE
**** Run ning CONSONANT VOWEL CONSONANT running BAKE
Say ing GIVE
See ing RIDE
Sell ing
Send ing
** Set setting
Shake shaking
Shoot shooting

EXCEPTIONS
show showing

NO HAY DOBLE CONSONANTE AL SER UN VERBO QUE TERMINA CON W o X

FIX FIXING
BOX BOXING
MAKING
TAKING
BAKING
GIVING
RIDING