Results

RESULTS AND OBSERVATION

Table No.1: Age and gender wise distribution of Dengue patients

Age in Males Females Total

years No. % No. % No. %
1—5 8 21.0 8 36.4 16 26.7
6—10 21 55.3 10 45.5 31 51.7
11—15 9 23.7 4 18.1 13 21.6
Total 38 100.0 22 100.0 60 100.0
Mean ± SD 8.05 ± 3.51 6.86 ± 3.62 7.62 ± 3.51
P-value t = 1.248 P = 0.217, NS
NS= not significant, S=significant, HS=highly significant

Study observes that, maximum number of patients 31 (51.7%) were belongs to the age

group of 6—10 years, followed by 16 (26.7%) of patients were belongs to the age group

of 1—5 years and 13 (21.6%) of patients were belongs to the age group of 11—15 years.

Minimum age of patient was 2 years and maximum age of patient was 14 years. The

mean age of male patients was 8.05 years and the mean age of female patients was 6.86

years. There was statistically no significant difference of age among gender (P>0.05)

Multiple bar diagram represents age and gender wise distribution of patients

Males
25 21
Number of patients

Female
20

15
10 9
8 8
10
4
5

0
1—5 6—10 11—15
Age in years

Table No.2: Gender wise distribution of Dengue patients

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ULTRASOUND IN HOSPITALISED PAEDIATRIC PATIENTS” Page 57
 Results

Gender Number of patients Percentage

Males 38 63.3

Females 22 36.7

Total 60 100.0

Study observed that; male patients were predominant had high incidence of

dengue i-e 38 (63.3%) and female patients were 22 (36.7%). Male to female ratio was

1.72:1

Pie diagram represent gender wise distribution of Dengue patients

Males
Females

22

38

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 Results

Table No.3: Chief complaints wise distribution of Dengue patients

Chief complaints Number of patients Percentage

Fever 60 100.0

Headache 31 51.7

Myalgia 28 46.7

Cough 12 20.0

Pain in abdomen 40 66.7

Vomiting 38 63.3

Convulsions 5 8.3

Study observed that; Fever was the most commonest complaint seen in 60

(100.0%), followed by 40 (66.7%) chief complaint was pain in abdomen, 38 (63.3%)

of patient’s complaint was vomiting, 31 (51.7%) headache, 28 (46.7%) vomiting, and

13 (21.7%) seen cough

Bar diagram represent chief complaints wise distribution of Dengue patients

160
140
120
100
80
60 Percentage
40 Number of patients
20
0

ve
r he ia h en ng ns
Fe dac yalg oug om
m
iti lsio
a C d vu
He
M ab Vo
in Con
in
Pa

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 Results

Table No.4: Systemic examination wise distribution of Dengue patients

Systemic examination Number of patients Percentage

Normal 21 35.0

Tender hepatomegaly 21 35.0

Shifting dullness + 6 10.0

Liver palpable 3 5.0

Study observed that; Out of 60 sample patients 21 (35.0%) of patients were

normal, 21 (35.0%) of patients by systemic examination were observed tender

hepatomegaly, 6 (10.0%) of patients had seen shifting dullness and 3 (5.0%) of

patients had seen Liver palpable

Bar diagram represent systemic examination wise distribution of Dengue

patients

25
21 21

20

15

10
6

5 3

Table No.5: Distribution of patients according to general physical examination

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 Results

General physical Present/Yes Absent/No

examination No % No %

Pallor 3 5.0 57 95.0

Cyanosis 2 3.3 58 96.7

Clubbing 0 0.0 60 100

Lymphadenopathy 6 10.0 54 90

Edema 2 3.3 58 96.7

In the present study, 6 (10.0%) of patients seen the lymphadenopathy, 3 (5.0%) of

patients had seen the pallor, each 2 (3.3%) of patients had seen the presence of

cyanosis and edema.RS leads to pleural effusion in 4 (6.7%) of patients, CVS leads to

myocarditis in 2 (3.3%) of patients, CNS leads to dengue encephalitis seen in 1

(1.7%) patient.

Bar diagram represent distribution of patients according to general physical

examination

160
140
120
100
80
Absent/No %
60 Absent/No No
40 Present/Yes %
20 Present/Yes No
0
r is ng hy a
llo os bi at em
Pa an b p d
Cy Cl
u no E
ade
ph
ym
L

Table No.7: Duration of hospital stay of dengue patients

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 Results

Duration of hospital stay Number of patients Percentage

In days

1—5 23 38.3

6—10 32 53.4

>10 5 8.3

Total 60 100.0

Mean ± SD 5.92 ± 2.37

Study observed that; majority of patients 23 (38.3%) duration of hospital stay

was in the range of 1—5 days, 32 (53.4%) of patients duration of hospital stay was 6

—10 days and 5 (8.3%) of patients hospital stay was >10 days. The mean hospital

stay was 5.92 days

Bar diagram present duration of hospital stay of dengue patients

35 32

30
23
25
Number of patients

20

15

10 5
5

0
1—5 6—10 >10
Duration of hospital stay

Table No.8: Laboratory investigation wise distribution of dengue patients

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 Results

Parameters Mean values Standard Deviation

HB 11.61 1.59

TLC 5361.67 3351.83

PLT 1.50 1.32

MCV 75.61 7.89

SGOT 50.21 58.67

SGPT 36.49 22.57

S. BIL 0.83 0.87

S. CRET 0.48 0.18

S. UREA 23.63 4.76

In the study above said laboratory investigation done to assess the prognosis of

dengue fever

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Table No.9: Important indicators for assessing the severity of dengue

Parameters Number of Percentage

patients
Leukopenia 31 50.5
Thrombocytopenia 37 61.7
Laboratory Increased 18 30.0
parameters Haematocrit
Hypernatremia 15 25.0
Raised SGPT 17 28.3
Raised SGOT 9 15.0
Weak, rapid pulse 9 15.0
Hemodynamic Cold peripheries 3 5.0
Mean SBP 39 65.0
Mean DBP 41 68.3
Mean pulse pressure 42 70.0
Positive Tourniquet Test 27 45.0
0.8--0.5cm 14 23.3
IVC Diameter 0.5--0.3cm 4 6.7
0.3--0.1 2 3.3
<0.1 2 3.3
IVC FULL 20 33.3
IVC COLLAPSIBLE >50% 4 6.7

In the present study: the important indicators for assessing the severity of

dengue were observed, raised SGPT 17 (28.3%), raised SGOT seen in 9 (15.0%) of

patients, Leukopenia in 31 (50.5%) of patients, Thrombocytopenia in 37 (61.7%) of

patients and increased hematocrit was seen in 15 (25.0%) of patients

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Table No.10: USG finding of dengue patients

USG finding Number of Percentage

patients
Normal study 21 35.0
Mild and Moderate Hepatomegaly 22 36.7
Mild and moderate ASCITES 21 35.0
Pleural effusion 10 16.7
Gall bladder edema 9 15.0
Mild splenomegaly 2 3.3

Ultrasonography (USG) is empirical to arrive at management decisions; exact

role of USG is reviewed in this study; out of 60 sample dengue patients, USG finding

shows 21 (35.0%) of patients were normal and majority of patients 22 (36.7%) were

seen mild and moderate hepatomegaly, followed by ASCITES is the most important

indicator for identification of severity of dengue fever in the present study 17 (28.3%)

of patients were seen mild and moderate ASCITES.

Bar diagram present USG finding of dengue patients

35 36.7 35
40
35
30
21 22 21
25
16.7 15
20
15 10 9
10
2 3.3
5
0 Number of pa-
ly tients
dy aly ITE
S
sio
n
m
a
ga
stu eg C u d e e
al om AS eff e
no
m
r m p at ate r al der le Percentage
No e
de
r eu bl
ad sp
teH o Pl ll ild
a m
er d Ga M
od an
d
M ild
an M
ild
M

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Table No.11: USG Diagnosis of patients based on severity of dengue fever

Severity of dengue fever Number of patients Percentage

Dengue without warning signs 38 63.3

Dengue with warning signs 18 30.0

Severe dengue 4 6.7

Total 60 100.0

Study observed that; majority of patients 38 (63.3%) were diagnosed dengue

without warning sign, 18 (30.0%) of patients were diagnosed dengue with warning

signs and 4 (6.7%) of patients were diagnosed severe dengue

Pie diagram represents diagnosis of patients based on severity of dengue fever

Dengue without
4 warning sign

18
Dengue with
warning sign
38

Severe dengue

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 Results

Table No.12: IVC Diameter wise distribution of dengue patients

IVC Diameter Number of patients Percentage

≤ 0.20 7 11.7

0.21-0.40 21 35.0

0.41-0.60 20 33.3

>0.6 12 20.0

Total 60 100.0

Mean ± SD 0.43 ± 0.18

Study observed that; majority of patients 21 (35.0%) and 20 (33.3%) of

patients IVC diameter in the range of 0.21—0.40 and 0.41—0.60 and 12 (20.0%) of

patients IVC diameter was seen >0.6. the IVC diameter was 0.43.

Bar diagram presents IVC Diameter wise distribution of dengue patients

25 21 20
Number of patients

20

15 12

10 7

0
≤ 0.20 0.21-0.40 0.41-0.60 >0.6
IVC diameter

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Table No.13: Comparison of severity of dengue fever with IVC diameter

Variable Categorie No Severity of dengue fever Test value,

s . Dengue Dengue Severe P-value &
without with Dengue Significanc
warning warning
(4) e
sign (38) sign(18)
IVC ≤ 0.2 7 1 3 2
diamete 0.21—0.4 21 10 10 2 P= 0.009,
r 0.41— 20 15 5 0 HS
0.60
>0.6 12 12 0 0

Study reveals that; there was statistically highly significant association of

severity of dengue fever with IVC diameter (P<0.01). This shows higher the IVC

diameter values with association with lower the severity of dengue.

Bar diagram shows comparison of severity of dengue fever with IVC diameter

DWW signs
DWW signs
16 15
SD
14
Number of patients

12
12 10 10
10
8
6 5

4 3
2 2
2 1
0 0 0
0
≤ 0.2 0.21—0.4 0.41—0.60 >0.6
IVC Diameter

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 Results

Table No.14: Management of dengue patients

Wards Number of patients Percentage

Paediatrics ward 40 66.7

PICU 20 33.3

Total 60 100.0

In the study managed the dengue patients; 40 (66.7%) patients were managed

in paediatrics ward with day care, 20 (33.3%) of patients were managed in the PICU

ward.

Pie diagram present management of dengue patients

Paediatrics
ward

20 PICU

40

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Table No.15: Comparison of severity of dengue fever with demographical profile

Variable Categorie No Severity of dengue fever Test value,

s s . Dengue Dengue Severe P-value &
without with Dengue Significanc
warning warning
(4) e
sign (38) sign(18)
Age 1—5 16 13 3 0
6—10 31 19 9 3 P= 0.312,
11—15 13 6 6 1 NS
Gender Males 38 21 14 3 P= 0.232,
Females 22 17 4 1 NS
Duration 1—5 33 27 6 0
of Hosp. 6—10 22 10 10 2 P= 0.011,
stay >10 5 1 2 2 S
NS= not significant, S=significant, HS=highly significant

Study reveals that; there was statistically no significant association of severity

of dengue fever with age and gender (P>0.05). Whereas there was statistically

significant association of severity of dengue fever with duration of hospital stay

(P<0.05)

Bar diagram represent comparison of severity of dengue fever with

demographical profile
Number of patients

30 27 DWW signs
DWW signs
25 21
SD
19
20 17
13 14
15 1010
9
10 6 6 6
3 3 3 4
5 1 1 2 1 2 2
0 0
0
Females
11—15

Males
6—10

>10
6—10
1—5

1—5

Age Gender Duration of Hosp.

stay

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 Results

Table No.16: Study outcome by early intervention

Study outcome Number of dengue Percentage

patients
Improved 58 96.6

Died 1 1.7

DAMA 1 1.7

Total 60 100.0

In the study out of 60 patients; 58 (96.6%) of dengue patients were improved,

1 (1.7%) of patient was died and 1 (1.7%) of patient was discharged against medical

advise

Pie diagram presents study outcome by early intervention

Improved

1 1 Died

DAMA

58

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