AAI ATC JE Exam Preparation

Physics E-Book – Vectors

 
1. If a = iˆ + ĵ + k̂ and b = iˆ  ĵ +2 k̂ then the projection of a on b is given by
1 ˆ ˆ ˆ 1 ˆ ˆ ˆ
(A) (i  j  2k) (B) (i  j  k)
2 3
1 ˆ ˆ ˆ 1 ˆ ˆ ˆ
(C) (i  j  k) (D) (i  j  2k)
3 3

2. A vector b collinear with a  2 2iˆ  ˆj  4kˆ of length 10 is given by
(A) 3(2 2iˆ  ˆj  4k)
ˆ (B) 2(2 2iˆ  ˆj  4k)ˆ

(C) 2(2 2iˆ  ˆj  4k)

ˆ (D) 2(2 2iˆ  ˆj  4k) ˆ
     
3. The angle between a + 2 b and a  3 b if | a | = 1, | b | = 2 and angle between a and b
is 60 is
24
(A) an acute angle (B) cos 1
21 31

24 1
(C) cos 1 (D) cos1 
21 31 3

4. Volume of the tetrahedron with vertices P ( 1, 2, 0), Q (2, 1, 3), R (1, 0, 1) and S
(3, 2, 3) is
(A) 1/3 (B) 2/3
(C) 1/4 (D) 3/4

    
5. If a = î + 2 ˆj + 3 k̂ , b =  î + 2 ˆj + k̂ and c = 3 î + ˆj , then t such that a + t b is

at right angle to c will be equal to
(A) 5 (B) 4
(C) 6 (D) 2

     
6. If | a | = 2, | b | = 5 and | a  b | = 8 then | a · b | is equal to
(A) 4 (B) 6
(C) 5 (D) none of these

7. The volume of the parallelepiped whose sides are given by OA = 2 î  3 ˆj ,
 
OB = î + ˆj  k̂ , OC = 3 î  k̂ is
(A) 4/13 (B) 4
(C) 2/7 (D) none of these

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          
8. If | a | = 2, | b | = 3, | c | = 4 and a + b + c = 0 then the value of b · c + c · a + a ·

b is equal to
(A) 19/2 (B) 19/2
(C) 29/2 (D) 29/2

9. A vector c perpendicular to the vectors 2 î + 3 ˆj  k̂ and î  2 ˆj +3 k̂ satisfying c.
(2 î  ˆj + k̂ ) =  6 is
4
(A) 2 î + ˆj  k̂ (B) 2iˆ  ˆj  kˆ
3
(C) 3 î +3 ˆj + 3 k̂ (D) 3 î  3 ˆj + 3 k̂
10. The unit vector which is orthogonal to the vector 5 î + 2 ˆj + 6 k̂ and is coplanar with
the vectors 2 î + ˆj + k̂ and î  ˆj + k̂ is
1 1
(A) (2iˆ  6ˆj  k)
ˆ (B) (2iˆ  5ˆj)
41 29
1 1
(C) (3jˆ  k)
ˆ (D) (2ˆj  8ˆj  k)
ˆ
10 69
     
11. If | a | = 1, | b | = 2 and | a  2 b | = 4 then | a + 3 b | is equal to
51
(A) 8 (B)
2

19 77
(C) (D)
2 2
12. The angle between 3 î + 4 ˆj and 2 ˆj – 5 k̂ is
 8
(A) (B) cos 1
2 5 29
 1
(C) (D) cos1
6 3
   
13. A vector b , which is collinear with vector a = 2 î + ˆj  k̂ and satisfies a · b = 2 is
given by
1 ˆ ˆ ˆ 1 ˆ ˆ ˆ
(A) (2i  j  k) (B) (2i  j  k)
2 3
1 ˆ ˆ ˆ 1
(C) (2i  j  k) (D) (2i  j  k)
4 2

2
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14. The area of the triangle formed by A (1, 0, 0), B (0, 1, 0), C(1, 1, 1) is
1 3
(A) (B)
2 4

3 1
(C) (D)
2 4
15. A unit vector perpendicular to 3 î + 4 ˆj and î  ˆj + k̂ is
1 ˆ ˆ ˆ 1 ˆ ˆ ˆ
(A) (i  j  k) (B) (i  2 j  3k)
3 14
1 1
(C) (4iˆ  3jˆ  7k)
ˆ (D) (4i  3j  7k)
74 74
     
16. Let | a | = 3 and | b | = 4. The value of  for which the vectors a +  b and a  b will
be perpendicular is
(A) 3/4 (B) 2/3
(C) 5/2 (D) 2/3
17. The value of  for which the vectors 2 î  ˆj + k̂ , î + 2 ˆj +  k̂ and 3 î 4 ˆj + 5 k̂ are
coplanar is
(A) 3 (B) 3
(C) 2 (D) none of these

18. The area of a parallelogram having diagonals a = 3 î + ˆj  2 k̂ and

b = î  3 ˆj + 4 k̂ is
(A) 5 3 (B) 2 3

(C) 4 3 (D) none of these

  
19. The volume of | a  î |2 + | a  ˆj |2 + | a  k̂ |2 is
(A) a2 (B) 2a2
(C) 3a2 (D) none of these
  
20. The value of î  ( a  î ) + ˆj ( a  ˆj ) + k̂  ( a  h) is
 
(A) a (B) 2 a

(C) 0 (D) 3 a
  
21. If a = x î + 5 ˆj + 7 k̂ , b = î + ˆj  k̂ , c = î + 2 ˆj + 2 k̂ are coplanar then the value
of x is
(A) 1 (B) 2
(C) 1 (D) none of these

3
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    
22. If | a | = 4, | b | = 2 and the angle between a and b is , | a  b |2 is equal to
6
(A) 48 (B) 16
(C) 9 (D) none of these
        
23. If a , b , c , are vectors such that a + b + c = 0 and | a | = 7, | b | = 5, | c | = 3 then the
 
angle between vector b and c is
(A) 60 (B) 30
(C) 45 (D) 90
        
24. If | a | = 5, | b | = 4, | c = 3| then the value of ( a · b + b · c + c · a ) given that
  
a + b + c =0
(A) 25 (B) 50
(C) 25 (D) 50
     
25. If | a | = 2, | b | = 3 and |2 a  b | = 5, then |2 a + b | equal
(A) 17 (B) 7
(C) 5 (D) 1

4
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VECTORS ANSWERS KEYS

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

D D B B A B B D C

10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18

C D B B C D A B A

19 20 21 22 23 24 25

B B B B A C C

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1.
a.b
Solution : Projb a  b
| b |2
2
 (iˆ  ˆj  2k)
ˆ
6
1 ˆ ˆ ˆ
(i  j  2k)
3

2.
   
Solution: b =  a and 10 = | b | = ||| a |

but | a |2 = 8 + 1 + 16 = 25  |a| = 5
Thus || = 2.

so b  2(2 2iˆ  ˆj  4k)
ˆ
3.
     
Solution: | a + 2 b |2 = | a |2 + 4| b |2 + 4 a . b
 
= 1+ 16 + 4 | a || b | cos 60
1
= 1  16  4.1.2.  21
2
  2  2  2  
| a  3 b | = | a | + 9| b |  6 a · b
= 1+ 36  6 = 31
       
( a + 2 b ) ( a  3 b ) = | a |2  6| b |2  a · b
1
= 1  24  1.2.  24
2
   
The angle between a + 2 b and a  3 b
   
(a  2b).(a  3b)
 cos1    
| a  2b || a  3b |
24
= cos 1 .
21 31

4.
Solution:
  
PQ = 3i  j 3k, PR = 2 î  2 ĵ + k̂ and PS = 4 î  4 ˆj + 3 k̂ so the required
volume
1   
 | PQ.(PR  PS) |
6
3 1 3
1 | 4 | 2
 | 2 2 1 |  .
6 6 3
4 4 3

6
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5.
Solution:
       
Since a + t b is at right angle to c so ( a + t b ) · c = 0 But a · c = 5 and
 
b · c =  1 so
5 t = 0  t = 5.
6.
Solution:
 
| a b | 8 4
Since sin       so cos  =  3/5
| a || b | 10 5
   
Thus a · b = | a | | b | cos  = 10· ( 3/5) = 6.

7.
Solution:
2 3 0
  
  O A O B O C  || 1 1 1 | 4.
3 0 1
8.
Solution:
     
0 = | a + b + c |2 = | a |2 + | b |2 + | c |2
     
= 2 (a · b + a · c + b ·c )
     
 29 + 2 ( a · b + b · c + c · a ) = 0
     
 ( a · b + b · c + c · a ) =  29/2.
9.
Solution:
 
Vector c perpendicular to a = 2 î + 3 ˆj  k̂ and b = î  2 ˆj + 3 k̂ is of the form 
 
( a  b ) =  (7 î  7 ˆj 7 k̂ ).
Since c · (2 î  ˆj + k̂ ) =  6 so  [14 + 7  7] =  6   =  3/7.
Hence c =  3 î + 3 ˆj + 3 k̂ .
10.
Solution:
A vector coplanar with 2 î + ˆj + k̂ and î  ˆj + k̂ is of the form

a =  (2 î + ˆj + k̂ ) +  ( î  ˆj + k̂ )
= (2 + ) î + (  ) ˆj + ( + ) k̂
This vector will be orthogonal or 5 î + 2 ˆj + 6 k̂ if
5 = (2 +) + 2 (  ) + 6( + ) = 0
 18 + 9 = 0   =  2
7
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So a is of the form  (3 ˆj  k̂ )
Thus, a required unit vector is
1
(3jˆ  k)
ˆ .
10

11.
Solution:
     
16 = | a  2 b |2 = | a |2 = 4 | b |2  4 a · b
 
= 1 + 16  4 a · b
   1
4 a · b = 1  a.b 
4
  2  2   
| a + 3 b | = | a | + 9 | b |2 + 6 a · b
6 77
=  1  36   .
4 2
12.
Solution:
(3 î + 4 ˆj ) · (2 ˆj  5 k̂ ) = 8, |3 î + 4 ˆj | = 5,
|2 ˆj  5 k̂ | = 29. Hence the required angle is

a .b 8
cos1    cos1 .
| a || b | 5 29
13.
Solution:
 
b =  a = (2 î + ˆj  k̂ ). so
 (2 î + ˆj  k̂ )· (2 î + ˆj  k̂ ) = 2
1
 6 = 2   
3
1 ˆ ˆ ˆ
Hence (2i  j  k)
3
14.
Solution:
 
AB =  î + ˆj , BC = î + k̂
1  
Area of triangle ABC = | AB  BC |
2
ˆi ˆj kˆ
1 1 3
 | 1 1 0 | | iˆ  ˆj  kˆ |
2 2 2
1 0

8
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15.
Solution:
i j k
ˆ ˆ ˆ ˆ ˆ
(3i  4 j)  (i  j  k)  3 4 0
1 1 1
= 4 î  3 ˆj  7 k̂
The length o f this vector 16  9  49  74.
A unit vector perpendicular to given vectors is
1
(4iˆ  3jˆ  7k)
ˆ
74
16.

Solution:
     
0 = ( a +  b ) . ( a   b ) = | a |2  2 | b |2
 9  16 2 = 0   = 3/4.

17.
Solution:
2 1 1
0 1 2   15  5  0
3 4 5
  =  3.

18.
Solution:
If p and q are adjacent sides of the parallelogram, their sum givens one of the
diagonals and their difference gives the other that is
p + q = 3 î + ˆj  2 k̂ and p  q = î  3 ˆj + 4 k̂
 p = 2 î  ˆj + k̂ and q = + 2 k̂  3 k̂
Required area
= |p  q| = | î (3  2)  j ( 61) + k̂ (4 + 1) |
= 12  7 2  52 = 5 3.
19.
Solution:
 
If a = 1 î + 2 ˆj + 3 k̂ then | a  î |2  22   32
  
Therefore | a  î |2 +| a  ˆj |2 + | a  k̂ |2
 (12   22   32 )  2a 2 .

9
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20.
Solution:
 
The given expression = ( î . î ) a  ( î . a ) î + ( ˆj . ˆj )
   
a  ( ˆj . a ) + ( k̂ . k̂ ) a  ( k̂ . a ) k̂
   
= 3 a  [( î . a ) î + ( ˆj . a ) = ( k̂ . a ) k̂ ]
  
= 3a  a = 2a

21.
Solution:
x 5 7
1 1 1  0  x  2.
1 2 2
22.
Solution:
   
( a  b )2 = | a |2 | b |2 sin2 (/6)
= (42) (22) (1/2)2 =16
23.
Solution:
  
| b + c |2 = | a |2
    
 | b |2 + | c |2 + 2 b . c = | a |2
 
 25 + 9 + 2 | b | | c | cos  = 49
 2(5) (3) cos  = 15  cos  = 1/2
  = 60

24.
Solution:
  
0 = | a + b + c |2
        
= | a |2 + | b |2 + | c |2 + 2( a . b + b . c + c . a )
      1

 a . b + b . c + c . a =  52  42  32 = 25
2

25.
Solution:
   
|2 a  b |2 + |2 a + b |2
 
= 2 (4| a |2 + | b |2)
 
 25 + |2 a + b |2 = 2 (4(22) + 32)
 
 |2 a + b | = 5

10
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