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Normalization

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14 views

Normalization

Uploaded by

Sara Ali
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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DATABASE

NORMALIZATION
NORMALIZATION

• Normalization is a database design technique that reduces data redundancy and


eliminates issues caused by anomalies while performing Insertions, Updates and
Deletions.
• Normalization rules divides larger tables into smaller tables and links them using
relationships.
• The purpose of Normalization in SQL is to eliminate redundant (repetitive) data and
ensure data is stored logically.
NORMAL FORMS

Here is a list of Normal Forms in SQL:


• 1NF (First Normal Form)
• 2NF (Second Normal Form)
• 3NF (Third Normal Form)
• BCNF (Boyce-Codd Normal Form)
• 4NF (Fourth Normal Form)
• 5NF (Fifth Normal Form)
• 6NF (Sixth Normal Form)
NORMALIZATION RULES
• 1NF (First Normal Form) Rules
• Each table cell should contain a single value.
• Each record needs to be unique.

• 2NF (Second Normal Form) Rules


• Rule 1- Be in 1NF
• Rule 2- Single Column Primary Key that does not functionally dependent on any subset of
candidate key relation

• 3NF (Third Normal Form) Rules


• Rule 1- Be in 2NF
• Rule 2- Has no transitive functional dependencies
NORMALIZATION RULES
• BCNF (Boyce-Codd Normal Form)
• Even when a database is in 3rd Normal Form, still there would be anomalies resulted if it
has more than one Candidate Key.
• Sometimes is BCNF is also referred as 3.5 Normal Form.

• 4NF (Fourth Normal Form) Rules


• If no database table instance contains two or more, independent and multivalued data
describing the relevant entity, then it is in 4th Normal Form.

• 5NF (Fifth Normal Form) Rules


• A table is in 5th Normal Form only if it is in 4NF and it cannot be decomposed into any
number of smaller tables without loss of data.

• 6NF (Sixth Normal Form) Proposed


• 6th Normal Form is not standardized, yet however, it is being discussed by database
experts for some time.
NORMALIZATION - SUMMARY

• Database designing is critical to the successful implementation of a database


management system that meets the data requirements of an enterprise system.
• Normalization in DBMS is a process which helps produce database systems that are
cost-effective and have better security models.
• Functional dependencies are a very important component of the normalize data
process
• Most database systems are normalized database up to the third normal forms in
DBMS.

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