2 Bom1 ME Test Que - Ans 1

eÅemvq msMVb I eÅeÕ©vcbv: cÉ^g cò  evQvBK‡Z ˆmiv gvGbi cÉk² I Dîi: m†Rbkxj iPbvgƒjK 11
evQvBK…Z †miv gv‡bi

cÖkœ Aa¨vq-1:
I DËi eëmv‡qi †gŠwjK aviYv
cix¶v_©x eÜyiv, G Aa¨v‡q †evW© cix¶v, kxl©¯’vbxq K‡jRmg~‡ni wbe©vPwb cix¶v Ges evQvBK…
Z G·K¬zwmf g‡Wj †U‡÷i cÖkœ¸‡jvi c~Y©v½ DËi †Ìqv n‡q‡Q| G¸‡jv Abykxjb Ki‡j †Zvgiv G
Aa¨vq †_‡K †h‡Kv‡bv m„Rbkxj cÖ‡kœi DËi mn‡RB wjL‡Z cvi‡e|
((( Rbve RvwKi †nv‡mb weweG Abvm© cvm K‡i Dc‡hvMx K‡i †Zv‡jb| GQvov cyKz‡i gvQ Pvl K‡i
wewfbœ cÖwZôv‡b PvKwii Rb¨ †Póv Pvwj‡q e¨_© wZwb †m¸‡jvi esk e„w×i eë¯’v K‡ib| Gme KvR
nb| Ae‡k‡l evwo‡Z wd‡i wb‡R‡ì wZb weNv cÖRbb wk‡íi mv‡_ mvgÄm¨c~Y©| myZivs ejv
AvqZ‡bi cyKziwU ms¯‹vi K‡ib| Gici Zv‡Z hvq, Rbve RvwK‡ii Kvh©µg cÖRbb wk‡íi Aš—
êÁvwbK Dcv‡q ¯—iwfwËK gvQ Pvl ïi“ K‡ib| M©Z|
cyKz‡i cvwbi Dc‡ii ¯—i, ga¨g ¯—i Ges wbæ ¯—‡ii ( DÏxc‡Ki Rbve RvwK‡ii M„nxZ D‡`¨vM †`‡k
Rb¨ wfbœ wfbœ cÖRvwZi gvQ Pvl K‡ib| eZ©gv‡b †eKviZ¡ n«v‡m Aek¨B BwZevPK f‚wgKv cvjb
Rbve RvwKi †nv‡mb GKRb RbwcÖq Ges mdj Ki‡e e‡j Avwg g‡b Kwi|
gvQPvwl| Zvi G Kvh©µg GLb A‡b‡KB AbymiY †h‡Kv‡bv †`‡kB A_©‰bwZK Dbœq‡b eëmvq ev
Ki‡Qb| [Xv. †ev., P. †ev. 17] wkí ¸i“Z¡c~Y© f‚wgKv iv‡L | wk‡íi Dbœqb Qvov
A K. eëmvq Kx? 1 GKwU †`k‡K GwM‡q wb‡q hvIqv m¤¢e bq| wk‡íi
A L. evwYR¨ ej‡Z Kx †evSvq? 2 cÖmvi NU‡jB †`‡k eëmv-evwY‡Rï Kg©KvÊ we¯
A M. Rbve RvwK‡ii M„nxZ Kvh©µg †Kvb ai‡bi —…Z nq|
wkí? e¨vL¨v K‡iv| 3 DÏxc‡Ki Rbve RvwKi weweG Abvm© cvm K‡i
eÅemvq msMVb 1g
A N. Rbve RvwK‡ii M„nxZ Ggb D‡`¨vM wK PvKwii Rb¨ †Póv K‡iI e¨_© nb| ZvB wZwb wbR
†`‡k †eKviZ¡ n«v‡m BwZevPK f‚wgKv D‡`¨v‡M êÁvwbK Dcv‡q cyKz‡i gvQ Pvl ïi“
cvjb Ki‡e? gZvgZ `vI| 4 K‡ib| eZ©gv‡b Rbve RvwKi GKRb RbwcÖq I
cò
1 bs cÖ‡kœi DËi A mdj gvQPvwl| Zvi G Kvh©µg GLb A‡b‡KB
( gybvdv AR©‡bi D‡Ï‡k¨ êafv‡e cwiPvwjZ AbymiY Ki‡Qb|
hveZxq A_©‰bwZK KvR‡K (†hgb : Drcv`b, µq, wbR D‡`¨v‡M M‡o †Zvjv eëmvq Z_v wkí-
weµq cÖf…wZ) eëmvq e‡j| evwY‡Rï AMÖMwZi d‡j wbR Kg©ms¯’v‡bi
cvkvcvwk Ab¨‡ì Kg©ms¯’v‡biI my‡hvM nq|
( Drcvw`Z cY¨ ev †mevi eÈb msµvš— hveZxq †`‡ki †eKvi mgm¨v n«v‡m Gi †Kv‡bv weKí †bB|
(µq, weµq, cwienb, ¸`vgRvZKiY) KvRB n‡jv †`‡ki †eKvi hyemgvR hw` PvKwii Avkvq e‡m bv
evwYR¨| †_‡K DÏxc‡Ki Rbve RvwK‡ii g‡Zv wbR D‡`¨v‡M
GwU eëmv‡qi cY¨ eÈbKvix kvLv wn‡m‡e Giƒc cÖKí M‡o †Zv‡j Zvn‡j †mLv‡b A‡b‡KiB
we‡ewPZ nq| Drcvw`Z cY¨mvgMÖx ev †mev †fv³vi Kg©ms¯’v‡bi my‡hvM m„wó n‡e| G‡Z Zviv
Kv‡Q †cuŠQv‡bv ch©š— ¯’vbMZ, e¨w³MZ, wb‡R‡ì I †`‡ki A_©‰bwZK Dbœqb NUv‡Z
mgqMZ I SuywKMZ cÖwZeÜKZvi m¤§yLxb n‡Z cvi‡e| myZivs, †eKviZ¡ n«v‡m Rbve RvwK‡ii
nq| Gme cÖwZeÜKZv `~i K‡i †fv³vi Kv‡Q cY¨ D‡`¨vM AZ¨š— djcÖm~ f‚wgKv ivL‡e e‡j Avwg
†cuŠ‡Q †ÌqvB g~jZ evwY‡Rï KvR| g‡b Kwi|
( DÏxc‡Ki Rbve RvwK‡ii M„nxZ Kvh©µg cÖRbb
((( Rbve mvgv GKRb eëmvqx| wZwb fviZ †_‡K
wk‡íi Aš—M©Z|
Pvj Avg`vwb K‡i cÖwµqvRvZKi‡Yi ci Bsj¨v‡Ûi
cÖRbb wk‡íi Drcvw`Z mvgMÖx cybivq Drcv`‡bi wewfbœ wecwY‡Z weµq K‡ib| MZ eQi wZwb †h
Kv‡R eën„Z nq| G wk‡íi gva¨‡g cÖvK…wZK Pvj Avg`vwb K‡i‡Qb, Zv `yB gvm ci Bsj¨v‡Û
m¤ú` AvniY Ges jvjb-cvjb K‡i gvby‡li eënvi weµq Ki‡j A‡bK †ewk jvf †c‡Zb| wKš‘
Dc‡hvMx c‡Y¨ cwiYZ Kiv nq| †hgb: bvm©vwi, Avg`vwbK…Z Pv‡ji Rb¨ RvqMvi eë¯’v bv
†cvwëª dvg©, grm¨ Drcv`b cÖf…wZ G wk‡íi _vKvq jv‡fi Rb¨ A‡c¶v bv K‡i wbw`©ó mg‡qi
D`vniY| c~‡e©B wZwb weµq Ki‡Z eva¨ n‡jb| [iv. †ev. 17]
DÏxc‡Ki Rbve RvwKi †nv‡mb wb‡R‡ì wZb A K. eëmvq Kx? 1
weNv AvqZ‡bi cyKzi ms¯‹vi K‡ib| Zvici G‡Z A L. wkí ej‡Z Kx †evSvq? 2
êÁvwbK Dcv‡q ¯—iwfwËK gvQ Pvl ïi“ K‡ib| A M. Rbve mvgv †Kvb ai‡bi evwYR¨ K‡ib?
cyKz‡i cvwbi Dc‡ii ¯—i, ga¨g ¯—i Ges wbæ ¯— e¨vL¨v K‡iv| 3
‡ii Rb¨ wfbœ wfbœ cÖRvwZi gvQ Pvl K‡ib| A N. Rbve mvgv †Kb Zvi cY¨ wbw`©ó mg‡qi
PvlK…Z gvQ cwiPh©v K‡i wZwb gvby‡li †fv‡Mi c~‡e© weµq Ki‡Z eva¨ n‡jb? gZvgZ `vI| 4
12 eÅemvq msMVb I eÅeÕ©vcbv: cÉ^g cò  evQvBK‡Z ˆmiv gvGbi cÉk² I Dîi: m†Rbkxj iPbvgƒjK
2 bs cÖ‡kœi DËi A Ki‡jb Ges wKQy Rvgv evRv‡iI wewµ Ki‡jb| [w`. †ev.
( gybvdv AR©‡bi D‡Ï‡k¨ êafv‡e cwiPvwjZ 17]
hveZxq A_©‰bwZK KvR‡K (†hgb : Drcv`b, µq, A K. mvgvwRK eëmvq Kx? 1
weµq) eëmvq e‡j| A L. Ôgybvdv n‡jv SzuwK MÖn‡Yi cyi¯‹viÕ
e¨vL¨v K‡iv| 2
( †h cÖwµqvi gva¨‡g cÖvK…wZK m¤ú` I
KuvPvgvj‡K cÖwµqvRvZ K‡i gvby‡li eënvi A M. MwY wgqvi Mi“ µ‡qi KvRwU eëmvq
Dc‡hvMx c‡Y¨ iƒcvš—i Kiv nq Zv‡K wkí e‡j| wKbv? e¨vL¨v K‡iv| 3
GwU cY¨`ªe¨ Drcv`‡bi mv‡_ RwoZ| m¤ú‡ì iƒc ev A N. MwY wgqvi ¯¿xi Kvh©µgwU eëmvwqK
AvKvi cwieZ©‡bi gva¨‡g wkí bZzb Dc‡hvM `„wó‡Z g~j¨vqb K‡iv| 4
m„wó K‡i| †hgb: n¨vPvwi, nvum-gyiwMi Lvgvi, 3 bs cÖ‡kœi DËi A
†mZz wbg©vY cÖf…wZ wk‡íi D`vniY| ( †h eëmv‡q g~jab wewb‡qvMKvix‡ì jf¨vsk
( DÏxc‡Ki Rbve mvgv cybtißvwb evwY‡Rï mv‡_ cÖvwßi †Kv‡bv cÖZ¨vkv _v‡K bv eis mgv‡Ri
RwoZ| Kj¨vY I `vwi`ª¨ `~ixKi‡Yi D‡Ï‡k¨ MVb Kiv nq
cybtißvwb evwY‡R¨ we‡`k †_‡K cY¨mvgMÖx Zv‡K mvgvwRK eëmvq e‡j|
Avg`vwb K‡i Zv cybivq Ab¨ †Kv‡bv †`‡k ißvwb ( eëmv‡qi Avq †_‡K e¨q ev` w`‡j, hv Aewkó
Kiv nq| G‡¶‡Î cÖ_‡g cY¨ Avg`vwb K‡i cÖwµqvi _v‡K Zv‡K gybvdv e‡j|
gva¨‡g ¸YMZ ev AvK…wZi cwieZ©b Kiv nq| Gici eëmv‡qi gyL¨ D‡Ïk¨ n‡jv gybvdv AR©b| gybvdv
Z…Zxq †Kv‡bv †`‡k Zv ißvwb Kiv nq| cybtißvwb n‡e a‡i wb‡qB eëmvqx eëmvq Ki‡jI cY¨ webó
evwY‡R¨ wZbwU †`‡ki g‡a¨ evwYwR¨K Kvh©µg nIqv, Pvwn`v n«vm cvIqv, g~j¨ K‡g hvIqv cÖf…
msNwUZ nq| wZ Kvi‡Y †jvKmvb nIqvi SuywK i‡q‡Q| G
DÏxc‡Ki Rbve mvgv GKRb Pvj eëmvqx| wZwb
SuywK bv wb‡j eëmvq Kiv hvq bv| mvaviYZ
fviZ †_‡K Pvj Avg`vwb K‡ib| Avg`vwbK…Z Pvj
SuywK †ewk n‡j gybvdvi cwigvYI †ewk nIqvi m¤
wZwb cÖwµqvRvZKiY K‡ib| AZtci wZwb Pvj
eÅemvq msMVb 1g
Bsj¨v‡Ûi wewfbœ wecwY‡Z weµq K‡ib| Gfv‡e ¢vebv _v‡K| Avi †hLv‡b SuywK †bB †mLv‡b
Avg`vwbK…Z Pvj wZwb Avevi ißvwb K‡ib| Gme gybvdv AR©‡bi m¤¢vebvI Kg nq| ZvB gybvdv‡K
êwkó¨ cybtißvwb evwY‡Rï mv‡_ mvgÄm¨c~Y©| SuywK MÖn‡Yi cyi¯‹vi ejv nq|
cò
ZvB ejv hvq, Rbve mvgv cybtißvwb evwY‡Rï ( DÏxc‡Ki MwY wgqvi Mi“ µ‡qi KvRwU
mv‡_ RwoZ| eëmv‡qi Aš—fz©³ bq|
( DÏxc‡Ki Rbve mvgv Zvi cY¨ ¸`vgRvZKi‡Yi eëmv‡qi gva¨‡g gybvdv AR©‡bi D‡Ï‡k¨ cY¨
Afv‡e wbw`©ó mg‡qi c~‡e© weµq Ki‡Z eva¨ Drcv`b I eÈbmn hveZxq êa A_©‰bwZK KvR
n‡jb| Kiv nq| †hgb : Drcv`b, µq, weµq BZ¨vw` KvR|
Drcv`b I †fv‡Mi gaëZ©x mg‡q webó nIqv †_‡K †Kv‡bv KvR ïay A_© mswkó n‡jB Zv‡K eëmvq
i¶vi Rb¨ eëmvqxMY cY¨ msi¶‡Yi Rb¨ ejv hvq bv| H KvR Kivi wcQ‡b Aek¨B gybvdv
¸`vgRvZKiY eë¯’v M‡o †Zv‡jb| GwU evwY‡Rï AR©‡bi D‡Ïk¨ _vK‡Z nq Ges Zv AvBbMZfv‡e
†¶‡Î mgqMZ evav `~i K‡i| êa n‡Z nq|
DÏxc‡Ki Rbve mvgv MZ eQi †h Pvj Avg`vwb DÏxc‡Ki MwY wgqv GKRb K…lK| wZwb Zvi
K‡i‡Qb, Zv `yB gvm ci Bsj¨v‡Û weµq Ki‡j wZwb Rwg Pvl Kivi Rb¨ GK‡Rvov Mi“ µq Ki‡jb| GLv‡b
A‡bK †ewk jvf †c‡Zb| wKš‘, Avg`vwbK…Z Pv‡ji Mi“ µq Kivi KvRwU A_© mswkó n‡jI Gi gva¨‡g
Rb¨ ¸`vgRvZKi‡Yi eë¯’v bv _vKvq, jv‡fi Rb¨ gybvdv AR©‡bi †Kv‡bv D‡Ïk¨ †bB| †KD wb‡R
wZwb msi¶Y Ki‡Z cv‡ibwb d‡j wZwb AwZwi³ †fv‡Mi Rb¨ wKQy µq ev Drcv`b Ki‡j Zv eëmvq
gybvdv AR©‡bi my‡hvM †_‡K ewÂZ n‡q‡Qb| wn‡m‡e we‡ewPZ nq bv| MwY wgqv ïay Zvi
eo eëmvqxiv wewfbœ gvj msi¶‡Yi Rb¨ cwiev‡ii cÖ‡qvR‡bB Mi“ wK‡b Zv w`‡q Rwg Pvl
¸`vgRvZKi‡Yi eë¯’v K‡ib| G‡Z c‡Yï ¸YMZ gvb K‡ib| G‡Z gybvdv AR©‡bi D‡Ïk¨ †bB e‡j Zvi G
fv‡jv ivLv hvq| Avi wbw`©ó mgq ch©š— cY¨ ¸`v‡g KvRwU‡K eëmvq ejv hv‡e bv|
†i‡L Zvici †gŠmyg Abyhvqx cY¨ weµ‡qi eë¯’v Ki‡j ( DÏxc‡K MwY wgqvi ¯¿xi Rvgv ˆZwi K‡i wewµi
fv‡jv gybvdvI AR©b Kiv hvq| DÏxc‡Ki Rbve mvgv KvRwU‡K eëmvwqK `„wó‡Z eëmvq ejv hvq|
Pvj ¸`vgRvZKiY Ki‡Z bv cvivq c‡P hvIqv ev bó eëmvq MVb I cwiPvjbvi †cQ‡b eëmvqxi gybvdv
nIqvi Avk¼vq wQ‡jb| ZvB wZwb wbw`©ó mg‡qi AR©‡bi cÖZ¨vkv _v‡K| Kg `v‡g cY¨ wK‡b ev Kg
c~‡e©B Pvj weµq Ki‡Z eva¨ nb| Li‡P Drcv`b K‡i AwaK g~‡j¨ weµq K‡i gybvdv
((( MwY wgqv GKRb K…lK| wZwb Rwg Pvl Kivi AR©‡bi cÖ‡Póv eëmvq wn‡m‡e MY¨ n‡e|
Rb¨ GK‡Rvov Mi“ µq Ki‡jb| Zvi ¯¿x evRvi †_‡K DÏxc‡Ki MwY wgqvi ¯¿x evRvi †_‡K Kvco µq
Kvco µq K‡i G‡b wb‡Ri mš—v‡bi Rb¨ Rvgv ˆZwi K‡i wb‡Ri mš—v‡bi Rb¨ Rvgv ˆZwi K‡ib| Avevi
wKQy Rvgv evRv‡iI wewµ K‡ib| GLv‡b Zvi ¯¿x
Kvco µq K‡i †h AskUzKz w`‡q mš—v‡bi Rvgv m‡½ m½wZc~Y©| ZvB ejv hvq, ÔMÕ-Gi KvRwU
evbvb Zv gybvdv AR©‡bi D‡Ï‡k¨ ˆZwi Kiv nqwb| eëmv‡qi cÖZ¨¶ †mevi Aš—M©Z|
wb‡Ri cwiev‡ii m`m¨‡ì eënv‡ii Rb¨ ˆZwi Kiv ( DÏxc‡Ki ÔKÕ iƒcMZ Dc‡hvM Ges ÔLÕ
n‡q‡Q e‡j G KvRwU‡K eëmvq ejv hv‡e bv| ¯’vbMZ Dc‡hvM m„wó K‡ib|
Z‡e †h Rvgv¸‡jv wZwb evR‡i wewµ K‡ib Zv wk‡íi gva¨‡g cÖK…wZ cÖ`Ë m¤ú‡ì AvKvi
†_‡K GKwU wbw`©ó cwigvY gybvdv AwR©Z cwieZ©b K‡i iƒcMZ Dc‡hvM m„wó Kiv nq | Avi
nq| GLv‡b Kvco Kg `v‡g µq K‡i Rvgv ˆZwi K‡i cwien‡bi gva¨‡g Drcvw`Z cY¨ †fv³vi Kv‡Q
Zv gybvdv AR©‡bi D‡Ï‡k¨ evRv‡i wewµ Kiv nq| †cuŠQv‡bvi gva¨‡g ¯’vbMZ Dc‡hvM m„wó Kiv
myZivs, MwY wgqvi ¯¿xi G Rvgv wewµ Kivi nq|
KvRwU‡K eëmvq ejv hvq| DÏxc‡Ki K, L I M wZb eÜy wewfbœ ai‡bi
eëmv‡qi mv‡_ RwoZ| G‡ì g‡a¨ K Zvi n¨vPvwi‡Z
((( K, L, M wZb eÜy| K Zvi n¨vPvwi‡Z Av‡jv, Av‡jv, Zvc I evqy wbqš¿‡Yi gva¨‡g wWg †_‡K
Zvc I evqy wbqš¿‡Yi gva¨‡g wWg †_‡K gyiwMi gyiwMi ev”Pv †c‡q _v‡Kb| A_©vr, wZwb cY¨
ev”Pv †c‡q _v‡Kb| M Z_¨ I †hvMv‡hvM cÖhyw³ Drcv`b Kv‡Ri mv‡_ RwoZ| Aciw`‡K, L, K -Gi
we‡klÁ| wZwb Z_¨ wjLb I cÖwµqvKi‡Yi eëmv‡q n¨vPvwi †_‡K ev”Pv msMÖn K‡i †`‡ki wewfbœ
wb‡qvwRZ| L, K-Gi n¨vPvwi †_‡K cY¨ msMÖn AÂ‡j Zv mieivn K‡ib| A_©vr wZwb cwienb
K‡ib| L D³ c‡Yï Pvwn`v, g~j¨¯—i, †hvMv‡hvM Kv‡Ri mv‡_ RwoZ|
eë¯’v BZ¨vw` wel‡q cÖ‡qvRbxq Z_¨ M-Gi cY¨ Drcv`b I Zv †fv³vi Kv‡Q †cuŠQv‡bv
wbKU †_‡K msMÖn K‡i D³ cY¨ mviv‡`‡k mieivn eëmv‡qi KvR| G Dfq cÖKvi KvR †`‡ki A_©
K‡i _v‡Kb| [wm. †ev. 17]
‰bwZK Dbœq‡b LyeB ¸i“Z¡c~Y©| Gi GKc¶
A K. eëmvq Kx? 1 Drcv`b K‡i Ges Aci c¶ Zv †fv³vi Kv‡Q mieivn
K‡i| DÏxc‡Ki ÔKÕ Drcv`b Kv‡Ri mv‡_ RwoZ
A L. cybtißvwb ej‡Z Kx †evSvq? 2
Ges ÔLÕ cwienb Kv‡Ri mv‡_ RwoZ| ZvB
A M. DÏxc‡K M-Gi KvRwU eëmv‡qi †Kvb
wewfbœ ai‡bi Dc‡hvM m„wó‡Z ÔKÕ I ÔLÕ
eÅemvq msMVb 1g
kvLvi Aš—fz©³? e¨vL¨v K‡iv| 3 Df‡qi KvRB ¸i“Z¡c~Y© f‚wgKv ivL‡Q|
A N. Dc‡hvM m„wói wfwË‡Z K I L-Gi Kv‡Ri
e¨vcv‡i Zzjbvg~jK gZvgZ `vI| 4 ((( PÆMÖv‡gi Avjg †UªWvm© kxZ †gŠmy‡gi
cò
4 bs cÖ‡kœi DËi A ïi“‡Z Av‡gwiKvi ÔwiKvW©Õ †UªWv‡m©i
( gybvdv AR©‡bi D‡Ï‡k¨ êafv‡e cwiPvwjZ wbKU 50 j¶ UvKvi kxZe¯¿ µ‡qi Rb¨ digv‡qk †`q|
hveZxq A_©‰bwZK KvR‡K (†hgb : Drcv`b, µq, hvÎvc‡_ `y‡h©vMc~Y© AvenvIqv I Rvnv‡Ri
weµq) eëmvq e‡j| hvwš¿K Î“wURwbZ Kvi‡Y digv‡qkK…Z cY¨ 23
w`b wej‡¤^ PÆMÖvg e›`‡i †cuŠ‡Q| kxZ †gŠmyg
( we‡`k †_‡K cY¨mvgMÖx Avg`vwb K‡i Zv
cÖvq †kl nIqvq digv‡qkK…Z cY¨ Kg `v‡g
cybivq Ab¨ †`‡k ißvwb Kiv n‡j Zv‡K cybtißvwb Ab¨‡`‡k wewµ K‡i †Ìqv nq| d‡j cÖwZôvbwUi 5
e‡j| j¶ UvKv †jvKmvb nq| [h. †ev. 17]
cY¨ Avg`vwb Kivi ci cÖwµqvRv‡Zi gva¨‡g c‡Yï A K. Avg`vwb Kx? 1
¸YMZ gvb ev AvKvi cwieZ©b K‡i Zv cybivq Ab¨ A L. cÖRbb wkí ej‡Z Kx †evSvq? 2
†Kv‡bv †`‡k ißvwb Kiv hvq| Drcv`bKvix †`‡ki A M. DÏxc‡K ewY©Z Avjg †UªWv‡m©i
mv‡_ Avg`vwbKviK †`‡ki mivmwi eëmvwqK eëmvqwU †Kvb ai‡bi ê‡`wkK evwYR¨?
m¤úK© bv _vK‡j †m‡¶‡Î G ai‡bi eëmvq e¨vL¨v K‡iv| 3
¸i“Z¡c~Y© wn‡m‡e we‡ewPZ nq| A N. DÏxc‡K ewY©Z cÖwZôv‡bi †jvKmvb
( DÏxc‡Ki M-Gi KvRwU eëmv‡qi cÖZ¨¶ †mev Kgv‡bvi †¶‡Î eëmvq mnvqK †Kvb
kvLvi Aš—f©y³| KvRwU Ae`vb ivL‡Z cviZ e‡j Zzwg g‡b
MÖvnK‡ì cÖZ¨¶fv‡e †mevKg© cÖ`v‡bi K‡iv? hyw³ `vI| 4
wewbg‡q A_© DcvR©b Kiv cÖZ¨¶ †mevi Aš— 5 bs cÖ‡kœi DËi A
f©z³| wPwKrmK, AvBbRxex I cÖ‡KŠkjxi KvR ( weµ‡qi D‡Ï‡k¨ we‡`k †_‡K cY¨mvgMÖx µq K‡i
cÖZ¨¶ †mevi D`vniY| wbR †`‡k Avbv‡K Avg`vwb e‡j|
DÏxc‡Ki K, L I M wZb eÜy| wZb eÜy Rxebavi‡Yi ( †h wk‡í Dw™¢` I cÖvYxi eskwe¯—vi cÖwµqvi
ZvwM‡` wfbœ wfbœ Kv‡Ri mv‡_ RwoZ| G‡ì g‡a¨ gva¨‡g Drcv`b KvR Kiv nq Zv‡K cÖRbb wkí e‡j|
ÔMÕ Z_¨ I †hvMv‡hvM cÖhyw³ we‡klÁ| wZwb G wk‡íi gva¨‡g MvQcvjv I cÖvYxi esk e„w× Kiv
Z_¨ wjLb I cÖwµqvKi‡Yi eëmv‡q wb‡qvwRZ| nq| G‡Z cÖvK…wZK m¤ú` jvjb-cvjb K‡i †m¸‡jvi
wZwb Zvi Kg©Kv‡Êi gva¨‡g MÖvnK‡ì wewfbœ esk e„w× ev ¯^vfvweK dj‡bi gva¨‡g m¤ú` m„wó
Z_¨ mieivn K‡i †mev †`b| G †mev †c‡q MÖvnK Kiv nq| †hgb- bvm©vwi, †cvjwUª dvg©, †WBwi
DcK…Z, Z…ß ev mš‘ó nq| G Kv‡Ri gva¨‡g ÔMÕ dvg©, grm¨ Drcv`b, n¨vPvwi BZ¨vw`|
A_© DcvR©b K‡ib, hv eëmv‡qi cÖZ¨¶ †mev kvLvi
( DÏxc‡K ewY©Z Avjg †UªWv‡m©i eëmvqwU ( wegv n‡jv wegvMÖnxZv I wegvKvix
ê‡`wkK evwY‡Rï ÔcybtißvwbÕ-Gi Aš—f©y³| cÖwZôv‡bi g‡a¨ m¤úvw`Z Pzw³, †hLv‡b
cybtißvwb evwY‡R¨ we‡`k †_‡K cY¨mvgMÖx wegvKvix wegvMÖnxZv‡K wbw`©ó
Avg`vwb K‡i Zv cybivq Ab¨ †`‡k ißvwb Ki nq| wcÖwgqv‡gi wewbg‡q m¤¢ve¨ SzuwK ev wec‡`
Drcv`bKvix †`‡ki mv‡_ Avg`vwbKviK †`‡ki ¶wZ n‡j ¶wZc~i‡Yi wbðqZv †`q|
mivmwi eëmvwqK m¤úK© bv _vK‡j †m‡¶‡Î G eëmvwqK Kv‡Ri mv‡_ RwoZ SuywK n‡jv
ai‡bi eëmvq ¸i“Z¡c~Y© wn‡m‡e we‡ewPZ nq| Pvwn`v n«vm, cY¨ cPb, g~j¨n«vm, `yN©Ubv,
DÏxc‡Ki PÆMÖv‡gi Avjg †UªWvm© kxZ Pzwi, WvKvwZ cÖf…wZ| Gme SuywKi Kvi‡Y
†gŠmy‡gi ïi“‡Z Av‡gwiKvi ÔwiKvW©Õ eëmv‡q cÖPzi Avw_©K ¶wZ n‡Z cv‡i| G
†UªWv‡m©i Kv‡Q 50 j¶ UvKvi kxZe¯¿ µ‡qi Rb¨ Avw_©K ¶wZ n‡Z i¶v cvIqvi Rb¨ D³ SuywKi
digv‡qk †`q| digv‡qkK…Z cY¨ 23 w`b wej‡¤^ wecix‡Z wegv Kiv nq| wegv Pzw³ Abyhvqx
PÆMÖvg e›`‡i †cuŠ‡Q| kxZ †gŠmyg cÖvq †kl wegvMÖnxZv ¶wZMÖ¯— n‡j wegvKvix
nIqvq digv‡qkK…Z H cY¨ Kg `v‡g Ab¨ †`‡k ¶wZc~iY cÖ`vb K‡i| Gfv‡e wegv SzuwKMZ
wewµ Kiv nq| GLv‡b Avjg †UªWvm© cÖ_‡g Ab¨ cÖwZeÜKZv `~i K‡i|
†`k †_‡K cY¨ Avg`vwb K‡i| Gici H cY¨ Ab¨ †`‡k ( DÏxc‡Ki Rbve gyiv` Drcv`b wkí ¯’vcb K‡i‡Qb|
wewµ K‡i †`q| Gfv‡eB Avjg †UªWv‡m©i Drcv`b wk‡í hš¿cvwZi gva¨‡g KuvPvgvj‡K iƒcvš
eëmvqwU cybtißvwb‡Z cwiYZ nq| —‡ii gva¨‡g eënvi‡hvM¨ c‡Y¨ cwiYZ Kiv nq|
( DÏxc‡K ewY©Z cÖwZôv‡bi †jvKmvb Kgv‡bvi wPwb wkí, wm‡g›U wkí, e¯¿ wkí cÖf…wZ G
†¶‡Î eëmvq mnvqK ¸`vgRvZKi‡Yi KvRwU wk‡íi Aš—M©Z|
Ae`vb ivL‡Z cviZ e‡j Avwg g‡b Kwi| DÏxc‡Ki Rbve gyiv` GKwU ivBm wgj ¯’vcb
¸`vgRvZKiY Drcv`b I †fv‡Mi gaëZ©x mg‡q K‡i‡Qb| G wg‡j wZwb Drcv`bK…Z avb fvOvb|
cY¨‡K webó nIqvi nvZ †_‡K i¶v K‡i| eëmvqxMY hv †_‡K cÖvß Pvj wZwb Zvi GjvKvi wewfbœ
Gi gva¨‡g cY¨ msi¶‡Yi eë¯’v K‡i| GwU eëmv‡qi ¯’v‡b wewµ K‡ib| GLv‡b ivBm wg‡j hš¿cvwZ ev
†¶‡Î mgqMZ evav `~i K‡i| †gwk‡bi gva¨‡gB avb‡K Pv‡j iƒcvš—i Kiv nq| d‡j
eÅemvq msMVb 1g
DÏxc‡Ki Avjg †UªWv‡m©i digv‡qkK…Z cY¨ GwU eënvi‡hvM¨ c‡Y¨ cwiYZ n‡q weµ‡qi Dchy³
`y‡h©vMc~Y© AvenvIqv I Rvnv‡Ri hvwš¿K nq| Gme êwkó¨ Drcv`b wk‡íi mv‡_
Î“wURwbZ Kvi‡Y 23 w`b wej‡¤^ PÆMÖvg e›`‡i mvgÄm¨c~Y©| myZivs, Rbve gyiv‡ì ¯’vwcZ
cò
†cuŠ‡Q| kxZ †gŠmyg cÖvq †kl nIqvq cY¨¸‡jv Kg ivBm wgjwU Drcv`b wk‡íi Aš—M©Z|
`v‡g Ab¨ ‡`‡k wewµ Kivq cÖwZôvbwUi 5 j¶ ( DÏxc‡Ki Rbve gyiv‡ì mgm¨v DËi‡Y
UvKv †jvKmvb nq| A_©ms¯’v‡bi gva¨‡g Avw_©K m¶gZv e„w×
Avjg †UªWvm© Avg`vwbK…Z cY¨ G mgq Ki‡Z n‡e|
Kg`v‡g wewµ bv K‡i ¸`vgRvZKiY K‡i ivL‡Z A_©ms¯’vb n‡”Q cÖwZôv‡bi cÖ‡qvRb ey‡S
cvi‡Zv| G‡Z cieZ©x kxZ †gŠmyg ch©š— g~jab msMÖn I Kv‡R jvMv‡bvi cÖ‡Póv| eëmvq
cY¨¸‡jvi gvb eRvq _vKZ| ZvB H mg‡q b¨vh¨ `v‡g cwiPvjbv I m¤úÖmvi‡Yi Rb¨ eëmvqx‡K
cY¨¸‡jv weµq Ki‡j jvfevb n‡Z cviZ| myZivs, cÖwZwbqZ A_©ms¯’v‡bi KvR Pvwj‡q †h‡Z nq|
¸`vgRvZKiY eë¯’vB D³ cÖwZôv‡bi †jvKmvb DÏxc‡Ki Rbve gyiv` Zvi ¯’vwcZ ivBm wg‡ji
Kgv‡Z mnvqK f‚wgKv ivL‡Z cviZ e‡j Avwg g‡b gva¨‡g †ek DbœwZ mvab K‡i‡Qb| wZwb GLb
Kwi| GKwU ¯^qswµq ivBm wgj ¯’vcb Ki‡Z Pvb| wKš‘
GRb¨ Zvi h‡_ó Avw_©K m¶gZv †bB|
((( Rbve gyiv` iscy‡i GKwU ivBm wgj ¯’vcb
†h‡Kv‡bv eëmvq cwiPvjbvi Rb¨ ch©vß A‡_©i
K‡i‡Qb| wZwb Zvi GjvKvi wewfbœ ¯’v‡b Pvj
cÖ‡qvRb| eëmvqx e¨w³MZ mÂq, e¨vsK I
wewµ K‡ib| wZwb AwfÁZvi gva¨‡g †ek DbœwZ
Avw_©K cÖwZôvb †_‡K G A_© msMÖn Ki‡Z
mvab K‡i‡Qb| wZwb GLb GKwU ¯^qswµq ivBm
cv‡ib| Rbve gyiv` wbR¯^ Znwej ev †Kv‡bv
wgj ¯’vcb Ki‡Z Pvb| wKš‘ GRb¨ Zvi h‡_ó m¶gZv
†bB| Avw_©K cÖwZôvb †_‡K A_© msMÖn Ki‡Z
[e. †ev. 17] cv‡ib| G‡Z Zvi Avw_©K m¶gZv e„w× cv‡e|
A K. eëmvq Kx? 1 ch©vß A_© ev g~jab w`‡q wZwb ¯^qswµq ivBm
A L. wegv Kxfv‡e cÖwZeÜKZv `~i K‡i? 2 wgj ¯’vcb Ki‡Z cvi‡eb| myZivs, Rbve gyiv`
A M. Rbve gyiv` Kx ai‡bi wkí ¯’vcb K‡i‡Qb? A_©ms¯’v‡bi gva¨‡g Avw_©K m¶gZv e„w× K‡i
e¨vL¨v K‡iv| 3 Zvi mgm¨v mgvavb Ki‡Z cvi‡eb |
A N. Rbve gyiv‡ì mgm¨v DËi‡Y †Zvgvi civgk©
`vI| 4 ((( Rbve ÔAÕ Av‡gi †gŠmy‡g ivRkvnx †_‡K Avg
6 bs cÖ‡kœi DËi A wK‡b XvKvq wewµ K‡ib| MZvbyMwZK
eëmvqxMY digvwj‡bi K_v wPš—v bv K‡iB
( gybvdv AR©‡bi D‡Ï‡k¨ êafv‡e cwiPvwjZ ivRkvnxi evRvi †_‡K Avg wK‡b XvKvq wewµ
hveZxq A_©‰bwZK KvR‡K (†hgb : Drcv`b, µq, K‡i| wKš‘ Rbve ÔAÕ mivmwi ivRkvnxi Av‡gi
weµq) eëmvq e‡j|
evMvb †_‡K digvwjbgy³ Avg wK‡bb| digvwjbgy³ SuywK m‡Ë¡I digvwjbgy³ Avg wewµ Ki‡Qb, hv
Avg c‡P jv‡fi cwie‡Z© ¶wZI n‡Z cv‡i Zv †R‡bI D‡`¨v³vi mZZv ¸YwUi mv‡_ mvgÄm¨c~Y©|
Rbve ÔAÕ G KvR K‡ib| [Xv. †ev. 16]
A K. eëmvq Kx? 1 ((( iv‡mj ¯’vbxq hye Dbœqb †K›`ª †_‡K cÖwk¶Y
A L. cybtißvwb ej‡Z Kx †evSvq? 2 †k‡l gvÎ 30,000 UvKv cuywR wb‡q wb‡R‡ì
A M. Rbve ÔAÕ -Gi eëmv‡q †Kvb ai‡bi cyKz‡i gvQ Pvl ïi“ K‡ib| Zvi msM„nxZ DbœZ
Dc‡hvM m„wó nq? e¨vL¨v K‡iv| 3 Rv‡Zi †Zjvwcqv gv‡Qi †cvbv Aí wKQy w`‡bi
A N. Rbve ÔAÕ -Gi Kv‡R D‡`¨v³vi †Kvb g‡a¨B weµq‡hvM¨ n‡q I‡V| ¯’vbxq evRv‡ii
¸YwU dz‡U I‡V‡Q? we‡klY K‡iv| 4 †µZviv hv‡Z wb‡R‡ì cQ›`g‡Zv gvQ µq Ki‡Z
7 bs cÖ‡kœi DËi A cv‡i, GRb¨ iv‡mj `xN© mgq Rxeš— ivLvi Rb¨
K…wÎg Dcv‡q gvQ¸‡jv msi¶Y K‡ib| G‡Z Zvi
( gybvdv AR©‡bi D‡Ï‡k¨ êafv‡e cwiPvwjZ
gv‡Qi Pvwn`v e„w× †c‡Z _v‡K| A_© ¯^íZvi
hveZxq A_©‰bwZK KvR‡K (†hgb : Drcv`b, µq,
weµq cÖf…wZ) eëmvq e‡j| Kvi‡Y G evowZ Pvwn`v †gUv‡bv Zvi c‡¶ memgq
m¤¢eci n‡q I‡V bv| [iv. †ev., P. †ev. 16]
( we‡`k †_‡K cY¨mvgMÖx wbR †`‡k Avg`vwb A K. mvgvwRK eëmvq Kx? 1
Kivi ci cÖwµqvRvZ K‡i A_ev bv K‡i Zv Avevi A L. cÖhyw³MZ cwi‡ek ej‡Z Kx †evSvq? 2
Ab¨ †Kv‡bv †`‡k ißvwb Kiv n‡j Zv‡K cybtißvwb A M. iv‡mj †Kvb ai‡bi wk‡íi mv‡_ RwoZ?
e‡j| e¨vL¨v K‡iv| 3
we‡`k †_‡K cY¨ Avg`vwb K‡i D³ cY¨ †ewk `v‡g A N. †µZv‡ì evowZ Pvwn`v c~i‡Yi Rb¨
wewµ K‡i gybvdv AR©b Kiv nq| Avevi A‡bK
iv‡m‡ji KiYxq Kx e‡j Zzwg g‡b K‡iv?
mgq `ywU †`‡ki g‡a¨ evwYwR¨K m¤úK© bv
hyw³ `vI| 4
_vK‡j Z…Zxq †Kv‡bv †`k D³ `yB †`‡ki GK †`k
†_‡K cY¨ Avg`vwb K‡i Aci †`‡k Zv ißvwb K‡i 8 bs cÖ‡kœi DËi A
_v‡K, hv cybtißvwb m„wó K‡i| ( †h eëmv‡q g~jab wewb‡qvMKvix‡ì jf¨vsk
eÅemvq msMVb 1g
( DÏxc‡K Rbve ÔAÕ-Gi eëmv‡q ¯’vbMZ cÖvwßi †Kv‡bv cÖZ¨vkv _v‡K bv eis mgv‡Ri
Dc‡hvM m„wó nq| Kj¨vY I `vwi`ª¨ `~ixKi‡Yi D‡Ï‡k¨ MVb Kiv nq
cwienb c‡Yï ¯’vbMZ Dc‡hvM m„wó K‡i| Zv‡K mvgvwRK eëmvq e‡j|
cò
Drcv`bKvix I †fvMKvixi g‡a¨ ¯’vbMZ ( weÁvb I cÖhyw³MZ Dcv`v‡bi mgwš^Z iƒcB n‡jv
`~iZ¡ evwY‡Rï †¶‡Î evavi m„wó K‡i| G‡¶‡Î cÖhyw³MZ cwi‡ek|
cwien‡bi gva¨‡g mn‡RB cY¨ P‚ovš— †fv³vi Kv‡Q weÁvb I KvwiMwi wk¶v, M‡elYvag©x cÖwZôvb,
†cuŠQv‡bv hvq| DbœZ cÖhyw³i eënvi, AvaywbK Kjv‡KŠkj I c×wZ
DÏxc‡Ki Rbve ÔAÕ Av‡gi †gŠmy‡g ivRkvnx BZ¨vw` wgwj‡q cÖhyw³MZ cwi‡ek MwVZ nq|
†_‡K Avg wK‡b XvKvq wewµ K‡ib| wZwb †hme †`k weÁvb I cÖhyw³MZ cwi‡e‡k DbœZ Zviv
ivRkvnxi AvgevMvb †_‡K digvwjbgy³ Avg wkí-evwY‡RÏ DbœZ| cÖhyw³MZ Dbœqb Drcv`b
wK‡bb| cieZ©x‡Z Zv Drcv`b¯’j †_‡K XvKvq G‡b cÖwµqv‡K mnR K‡i|
wewµ K‡ib| G‡Z ivRkvnx‡Z Drcvw`Z Avg ( DÏxc‡Ki iv‡mj cÖRbb wk‡íi mv‡_ RwoZ|
cwien‡bi gva¨‡g XvKvi †fv³viv †fvM Ki‡Z cv‡i| cÖRbb wk‡í Drcvw`Z mvgMÖx cybivq m„wó ev
GwU ¯’vbMZ Dc‡hv‡Mi mv‡_ mvgÄm¨c~Y©|
Drcv`‡bi Kv‡R eën„Z nq| G wk‡íi gva¨‡g
Gfv‡e Rbve ÔAÕ eëmv‡q ¯’vbMZ Dc‡hvM
MvQcvjv I cÖvYxi esk e„w× Kiv nq| †hgb :
m„wó K‡ib|
bvm©vwi, n¨vPvwi cÖf…wZ|
( DÏxc‡K Rbve ÔAÕ -Gi Kv‡R D‡`¨v³vi mZZv DÏxc‡K iv‡mj ¯’vbxq hye Dbœqb †K›`ª †_‡K
¸YwU dz‡U I‡V‡Q| cÖwk¶Y †k‡l gvÎ 30,000 UvKv cuywR wb‡q
D‡`¨v³v‡K Zvi KvRK‡g© mr, b¨vqcivqY I mZZv wb‡R‡ì cyKz‡i gvQ Pvl ïi“ K‡ib| Zvi msM„nxZ
eRvq ivL‡Z nq| KviY GKRb mr eëmvqx Zvi DbœZ Rv‡Zi †Zjvwcqv gv‡Qi †cvbv Aí wKQy
Kv‡R A‡bK †ewk g‡bvej I GKvMÖ n‡q _v‡Kb| w`‡bi g‡a¨B weµq‡hvM¨ n‡q I‡V| A_©vr iv‡mj
DÏxc‡Ki Rbve ÔAÕ Av‡gi †gŠmy‡g ivRkvnx Zvi cyKz‡i cÖ_‡g gv‡Qi †cvbv Pvl K‡ib| Gici
†_‡K Avg wK‡b XvKvq wewµ K‡ib| Ab¨ ch©vß Lv`¨mvgMÖx mieivn I mwVK cwiPh©vi
eëmvqxiv digvwj‡bi K_v wPš—v bv Ki‡jI wZwb gva¨‡g gv‡Qi Gme †cvbv eo n‡q DV‡j Zv gvby‡li
digvwjbgy³ Avg wK‡bb| digvwjbgy³ Avg c‡P jv‡fi Lvevi Dc‡hvMx nq| ZvQvov G gvQ †_‡KB Avevi
cwie‡Z© ¶wZ n‡Z cv‡i Zv †R‡bI Rbve ÔAÕ G bZzb eskwe¯—vi NUv‡bv hvq Gme êwkó¨
KvR K‡ib| cÖRbb wk‡íi mv‡_ mswkó| ZvB ejv hvq, iv‡m‡ji
Rbve ÔAÕ-Gi g~j D‡Ïk¨ n‡”Q eëmv‡q jvf ev KvR cÖRbb wk‡íi Aš—fz©³|
†jvKmvb hv-B †nvK †fv³v‡ì Kv‡Q wZwb
digvwjbhy³ Avg wewµ Ki‡eb bv| ZvB †jvKmv‡bi ( Avwg g‡b Kwi †µZv‡ì evowZ Pvwn`v c~i‡Yi
Rb¨ iv‡m‡ji KiYxq n‡jv e¨vs‡Ki mnvqZv †bIqv|
evwY‡Rï †¶‡Î A‡_©i cÖ‡qvRbxqZv Ab¯^xKvh©| DÏxc‡K wg. Kwig gvqvbgvi †_‡K Pvj Avg`vwb
GQvov Avw_©K wbivcËv I myôz †jb‡`‡bi Ici K‡i evQvB K‡ib| cieZ©x‡Z G Pvj‡K wZwb IRb,
eëmv-evwY‡Rï DbœwZ wbf©i K‡i| e¨vsK AvKvi I ¸Yv¸Y Abyhvqx fvM K‡i ¸`v‡g msi¶Y
FY`v‡bi gva¨‡g eëmv‡qi A_©msµvš— K‡ib| Pvj e¯—vq f‡i ¸`v‡g msi¶Y Kivi c~‡e© G
cÖwZeÜKZv `~i K‡i| wefvR‡bi KvRwU n‡jv ch©vwqZKiY| Gfv‡e
DÏxc‡K iv‡mj GKRb gvQ eëmvqx| wZwb Pvj‡K wewfbœ fv‡M fvM Kiv ev ch©vwqZKi‡Yi
Drcvw`Z †Zjvwcqv gvQ †µZv‡ì Pvwn`v c~i‡Yi d‡j wg. Kwig Zvi MÖvnK‡ì Pvwn`v Abyhvqx Pvj
Rb¨ K…wÎg Dcv‡q msi¶Y K‡ib| G‡Z gv‡Qi mieiv‡n m¶g n‡eb|
Pvwn`v w`b w`bB e„w× †c‡Z _v‡K| A_© ¯^íZvi ( DÏxc‡K DwjwLZ g~j¨n«v‡mi Kvi‡Y ga¨cÖv‡P¨
Kvi‡Y G evowZ Pvwn`v †gUv‡bv Zvi c‡¶ memgq Pvj evRviRvZKi‡Yi gva¨‡g wg. Kwig evwY‡Rï
m¤¢e nq bv| cybtißvwbi KvRwU m¤úv`b K‡i‡Qb|
G Ae¯’vq iv‡mj cÖ‡qvRbxq A_© †c‡j K…wÎg cybtißvwbi †¶‡Î we‡`k †_‡K cY¨ Avg`vwb K‡i Zv
Dcv‡q AwaK cwigvY gvQ msi¶Y Ki‡Z cvi‡eb| cybivq Ab¨ †`‡k ißvwb Kiv nq| Drcv`bKvix †`‡ki
GRb¨ e¨vs‡Ki mnvqZv PvB‡j e¨vsK Zv‡K mv‡_ Avg`vwbKviK †`‡ki mivmwi m¤úK© bv
cÖ‡qvRbxq FY w`‡Z cv‡i e‡j Avwg g‡b Kwi| _vK‡j G ai‡bi eëmvq ¸i“Z¡c~Y© wn‡m‡e
KviY e¨vsK eëmvqx‡ì FY w`‡q A_©msµvš— we‡ewPZ nq|
mgm¨v `~i K‡i| G‡Z iv‡m‡ji g‡Zv eëmvqxiv wg. Kwig gvqvbgvi †_‡K Pvj Avg`vwb K‡i msi¶Y
wbwe©‡Nœ eëmvq Ki‡Z cvi‡e| ZvB †µZvi K‡ib| cieZx© mg‡q evRv‡i Pv‡ji `vg K‡g hvIqvq
evowZ Pvwn`v c~i‡Y iv‡mj e¨vsK FY wb‡q wZwb Pvj c¨v‡KURvZ K‡i ga¨cÖv‡P¨ cybtißvwb
cÖ‡qvRbxq mgm¨v mgvavb Ki‡Z cv‡ib| K‡ib| G‡Z wZwb eëmvq ¶wZi m¤§yLxb nIqv
†_‡K i¶v cvb|
((( wg. Kwig MvRxcy‡ii GKRb Pvj eëmvqx|
wg. Kwig gvqvbgvi †_‡K Pvj Avg`vwb K‡i
wZwb gvqvbgvi †_‡K Pvj Avg`vwb K‡i evQvB
cÖwgZKiY I ch©vwqZKiY m¤úbœ K‡ib| Gici
eÅemvq msMVb 1g
K‡ib Ges cieZ©x‡Z wewfbœ fv‡M fvM K‡i e¯—v

wZwb AwaK jv‡f wewµi Avkvq Zv ¸`v‡g msi¶Y
f‡i wbR¯^ ¸`v‡g msi¶Y K‡ib| Zvi ¸`v‡g eZ©gv‡b K‡ib| wKš‘ evRv‡i Pv‡ji `vg K‡g hvIqvq wZwb
cÖvq 1 nvRvi †gwUªK Ub Pvj gRy` i‡q‡Q| wKš‘ Zv c¨v‡KURvZ K‡i ga¨cÖv‡P¨ evRviRvZKi‡Yi
evRv‡i Pv‡ji `vg K‡g hvIqvq wZwb DwØMœ n‡q
cò
wm×vš— †bb| A_©vr wZwb Avg`vwbK…Z cY¨

c‡ob| cieZ©x‡Z wZwb ¸`v‡gi Pvj c¨v‡KURvZ K‡i cÖwµqvRvZKiY K‡i ga¨cÖv‡P¨ ißvwb Ki‡eb, hv
ga¨cÖv‡P¨ evRviRvZKi‡Yi D‡`¨vM †bb| [w`. †ev. cybtißvwb evwY‡Rï Aš—fz©³|
16]
A K. evwYR¨ Kx? 1 ((( PvKwi †_‡K AemiMÖn‡Yi ci Rbve Zvbfxi
A L. cÖZ¨¶ †mev ej‡Z Kx †evSvq? 2 eëmvq ïi“ K‡ib| w`bvRcyi †_‡K avb msMÖn K‡i
A M. DÏxc‡K ewY©Z wg. Kwig Pvj e¯—vq fivi PÆMÖv‡g msi¶Y K‡ib| c‡i Pvj ˆZwi K‡i mviv
c~‡e© eëmv‡qi †Kvb KvR K‡ib? e¨vL¨v eQi evRv‡i weµq K‡ib| mvd‡jï avivevwnKZvq
K‡iv| 3 Zvi Kg©Pvixi msL¨v †e‡o GLb 100 Rb| m¤úÖwZ
A N. DÏxc‡K DwjwLZ g~j¨n«v‡mi Kvi‡Y wZwb Pvj ißvwb ïi“ K‡i‡Qb| [Kz. †ev. 16]
ga¨cÖv‡P¨ Pvj evRviRvZKi‡Yi gva¨‡g †h A K. eëmv‡qi msÁv `vI| 1
evwY‡Rï KvRwU m¤úv`b K‡i‡Qb Zvi A L. cÖRbb wkí ej‡Z Kx †evSvq? 2
h_v_©Zv g~j¨vqb K‡iv| 4 A M. DÏxc‡K Rbve Zvbfxi KZ…©K m¤úvw`Z
9 bs cÖ‡kœi DËi A Kvh©µg n‡Z †Kvb †Kvb ai‡bi Dc‡hvM
( Drcvw`Z cY¨mvgMÖx †fv³v wKsev eënviKvixi m„wó nq? e¨vL¨v K‡iv| 3
wbKU †cŠuQv‡bvi †¶‡Î m¤úvw`Z hveZxq (†hgb : A N. evsjv‡`‡ki A_©‰bwZK Dbœq‡b Rbve
µq, weµq, cwienb) KvR‡K evwYR¨ e‡j| Zvbfx‡ii Ae`vb DÏxc‡Ki Av‡jv‡K eY©bv
K‡iv| 4
( gybvdv AR©‡bi D‡Ï‡k¨ †fv³v ev MÖvnK‡ì
mivmwi †Kv‡bv †mev †`qv‡K cÖZ¨¶ †mev e‡j| 10 bs cÖ‡kœi DËi A
†mev‡K †K›`ª K‡iB Gi Avw_©K KvR cwiPvwjZ ( gybvdv AR©‡bi D‡Ï‡k¨ êafv‡e cwiPvwjZ
nq| GwU †`Lv ev ¯úk© Kiv hvq bv A_P gvby‡li hveZxq A_©‰bwZK KvR‡K eëmvq e‡j| †hgb :
cÖ‡qvRb c~i‡Y mg_©| †hgb: Wv³vwi, AvBb Drcv`b, µq, weµq BZ¨vw`|
eëmvq, bvwm©s cÖf…wZ Gi Aš—M©Z| ( †h wk‡íi Drcvw`Z mvgMÖx cybivq Drcv`‡bi
( DÏxc‡Ki wg. Kwig Pvj e¯—vq fivi c~‡e© Kv‡R eën„Z nq Zv‡K cÖRbb wkí e‡j|
ch©vwqZKi‡Yi KvR K‡ib| G wk‡íi gva¨‡g MvQcvjv I cÖvYxi esk e„w× Kiv
ch©vwqZKi‡Y c‡Yï gvb wba©viY Kivi ci IRb, nq| G‡Z cÖvK…wZK m¤ú` jvjb-cvjb K‡i †m¸‡jvi
AvKvi I ¸Yv¸Y Abyhvqx fvM Kiv nq| MÖvnK‡K esk e„w× ev ¯^vfvweK dj‡bi gva¨‡g m¤ú` m„wó
AvK…ó Kivi Rb¨ cY¨ ch©vwqZKiY Kiv nq|
Kiv nq| †hgb- bvm©vwi, †cvwëª dvg©, †WBwi NUvZ, Zvn‡j nq‡Zv Avgv‡ì †`‡ki
dvg©, grm¨ Drcv`b, n¨vPvwi BZ¨vw`| †eKviZ¡ A‡bKUv K‡g †hZ| [wm. †ev. 16]
( DÏxc‡Ki Rbve Zvbfxi KZ…©K m¤úvw`Z A K. eëmvq Kx? 1
Kvh©µg n‡Z h_vµ‡g ¯^Z¡MZ, ¯’vbMZ, iƒcMZ I A L. AvÍKg©ms¯’vb ej‡Z Kx †evSvq? 2
KvjMZ Dc‡hvM m„wó nq| A M. Rbve kvgx‡gi eëmvqwU †Kvb ai‡bi
Dc‡hvM ej‡Z †Kv‡bv cY¨ ev †mevi Afve c~i‡Yi wk‡íi Aš—fz©³? e¨vL¨v K‡iv| 3
¶gZv‡K †evSvq| eëmv‡qi cÖavb kvLv wk‡íi A N. Rbve kvgx‡gi D‡`¨vMwU wK †`‡ki
gva¨‡g KuvPvgvj cÖwµqRvZ K‡i c‡Yï iƒcMZ †eKviZ¡ `~ixKi‡Y f‚wgKv ivL‡e? †Zvgvi
Dc‡hvM m„wó Kiv nq| µq-weµ‡qi gva¨‡g cY¨ n¯ gZvg‡Zi mc‡¶ hyw³ †`LvI| 4
—vš—‡ii d‡j ¯^Z¡MZ Dc‡hvM m„wó nq| 11 bs cÖ‡kœi DËi A
cwien‡bi gva¨‡g Drcv`b¯’j †_‡K †fv³vi Kv‡Q cY¨ ( gybvdv AR©‡bi D‡Ï‡k¨ êafv‡e cwiPvwjZ
†cÖi‡Y ¯’vbMZ Dc‡hvM m„wó nq| GK †gŠmy‡g hveZxq A_©‰bwZK KvR‡K (†hgb : Drcv`b, µq,
Drcvw`Z cY¨ msi¶Y K‡i Ab¨ †gŠmy‡g weµ‡qi weµq) eëmvq e‡j|
gva¨‡g KvjMZ Dc‡hvM m„wó Kiv nq| ( AvÍKg©ms¯’vb ej‡Z wb‡RB wb‡Ri Kg©ms¯’vb
DÏxc‡K Rbve Zvbfxi w`bvRcyi n‡Z avb wK‡bb| ˆZwi Kiv‡K †evSvq|
G‡Z ¯^Z¡MZ Dc‡hvM m„wó nq| wZwb avb Gi gva¨‡g wb‡Ri `¶Zv, †Póv I ¸Yvewji Øviv
cwien‡bi gva¨‡g PÆMÖv‡g wb‡q Avmvi d‡j wb‡RB wb‡Ri Kv‡Ri my‡hvM ˆZwi Kiv hvq|
¯’vbMZ Dc‡hvM m„wó nq| Gici wZwb avb msi¶Y G‡¶‡Î wb‡RB ¯^í cyuwR wewb‡qvM K‡i I
K‡ib; hv KvjMZ Dc‡hvM m„wó K‡i| c‡i avb eyw×gËv‡K Kv‡R jvwM‡q SzuwK wb‡q
†_‡K Pvj ˆZwi Kivi gva¨‡g iƒcMZ Dc‡hvM m„wó RxweKv AR©‡bi eë¯’v Kiv hvq|
nq|
( DÏxc‡Ki Rbve kvgx‡gi eëmvqwU cÖRbb wk‡íi
( evsjv‡`‡ki A_©‰bwZK Dbœq‡b Rbve Zvbfx‡ii Aš—fz©³|
eëmvwqK Kvh©µg ¸i“Z¡c~Y© Ae`vb ivL‡Q| cÖRbb wk‡íi gva¨‡g Drcvw`Z mvgMÖx cybivq
eÅemvq msMVb 1g
eZ©gvb we‡k¦ eëmv‡qi ¸i“Z¡ GZ †ewk †h Zv Drcv`‡bi Kv‡R eën„Z nq| G‡Z cÖvK…wZK
evwo‡q ejvi A‡c¶v iv‡L bv| eëmv‡q †hme A_© m¤ú`‡K jvjb-cvj‡bi gva¨‡g esk e„w× Kiv nq|
‰bwZK KvR cwiPvwjZ nq Zvi gva¨‡g ïay †hgb : bvm©vwi, n¨vPvwi, †gŠgvwQ cvjb,
cò
eëmvqx I †µZvivB bq, cÖZ¨¶ I c‡iv¶fv‡e †`‡ki †cvjwUª dvg©, Kzwgi Pvl, †WBwi dvg©, grm¨
mgMÖ A_©bxwZB DcK…Z nq| Pvl BZ¨vw` G wk‡íi Aš—fz©³|
Rbve Zvbfxi Zvi eëmv‡q w`bvRcyi †_‡K avb DÏxc‡K Rbve kvgxg ¯^bvgab¨ wk¶vcÖwZôvb XvKv
msMÖn K‡i PÆMÖvg wb‡q Av‡mb| G‡Z cwienb wek¦we`¨vjq †_‡K GgweG K‡i ¯^í †eZ‡b PvKwi
Lv‡Z Kg©ms¯’v‡bi my‡hvM ˆZwi nq| avb †_‡K †bb| wKš‘ ¯^í †eZ‡bi PvKwi †Q‡o †`b| KviY G
Pvj ˆZwi Ki‡Z wewfbœ ch©v‡q KvR Ki‡Z nq| PvKwii gva¨‡g wZwb RvwZi †Kv‡bv DcKvi Ki‡Z
cÖwZwU ch©v‡qi Kv‡Ri mv‡_B †jvKRb RwoZ| cvi‡Qb bv| ZvB wZwb GKwU †cvjwUª dvg© ¯’vcb
eZ©gv‡b Zvi eëmvq 100 Rb †jv‡Ki Kg©ms¯’vb K‡ib| †cvjwUª dv‡g©i gva¨‡g wZwb wWg I ev”Pv
n‡q‡Q| m¤úÖwZ wZwb we‡`‡k Pvj ißvwb ïi“ Drcv`b K‡ib| ev”Pv Drcv`‡bi gva¨‡g wZwb cÖvYxq
K‡i‡Qb; hv †`k‡K ê‡`wkK gy`ªv AR©‡b mvnvh¨ esk e„w× K‡ib, hv cÖRbb wk‡íi mv‡_
Ki‡e| Rbve Zvbfxi Zvi eëmv‡qi gva¨‡g †`‡k bvbv mvgÄm¨c~Y©|
A_©‰bwZK Kg©Kv‡Êi my‡hvM ˆZwi K‡i‡Qb|
wZwb eû †jv‡Ki Kg©ms¯’vb K‡i‡Qb Ges we‡`‡k ( DÏxc‡Ki Rbve kvgx‡gi D‡`¨vMwU †`‡ki
Pvj ißvwb K‡i †`‡ki ißvwb Lv‡Z Avq e„w× †eKviZ¡ `~ixKi‡Yi ¸i“Z¡c~Y© f‚wgKv ivL‡e|
K‡i‡Qb| myZivs, eëmv‡qi mvdj¨ AwR©Z n‡j †eKviZ¡ `~ixKi‡Y eëmv‡qi ¸i“Z¡ Acwimxg|
A_©‰bwZK Dbœqb N‡U, hv Rbve Zvbfx‡ii eëmv‡qi gva¨‡g Kg©ms¯’vb m„wó nq| GKRb
eëmv‡q j¶Yxq| e¨w³ A‡bï PvKwii Ici wbf©i bv K‡i wb‡RB
wb‡Ri Kg©ms¯’vb Ki‡Z cv‡i; hv
((( †`‡ki ¯^bvgab¨ wk¶vcÖwZôvb XvKv †eKviZ¡ `~ixKi‡Y ¸i“Z¡c~Y© f~wgKv iv‡L|
wek¦we`¨vjq n‡Z GgweG mgvß K‡i Rbve kvgxg DÏxc‡K Rbve kvgxg ¯^í †eZ‡b PvKwi †c‡qI Zv
¯^í †eZ‡b GKwU dv‡g© PvKwi †bb| cÖvß †eZb †Q‡o †`b| wZwb GKwU †cvjwUª dvg© ¯’vcb
Øviv †Kv‡bv iKg msmvi Pj‡Q e‡U wKš‘ Zvi Øviv K‡ib Ges jvfevb nb| G‡Z Zvi Kg©ms¯’v‡bi m„wó
RvwZi †Kv‡bv DcKvi n‡”Q bv †f‡e PvKwi †Q‡o nq| Zvi D‡`¨vMwU †eKviZ¡ `~ixKi‡Y I †`‡ki A_©
wZwb GKwU †cvjwUª dvg© ¯’vcb Ki‡jb| wZwb ‰bwZK Dbœq‡b f‚wgKv iv‡L| †`‡ki †eKvi
dv‡g© Drcvw`Z wWg I GK gv‡mi ev”Pv weµq hyeKiv cÖwZôv‡b Kg©ms¯’v‡bi my‡hvM cv‡e|
K‡i h‡_ó jvfevb n‡”Qb| PvKwi K‡i †h †eZb †c‡Zb GQvov Zvi D‡`¨v‡M AbycÖvwYZ n‡q AbïvI
Zv †_‡K eëmv‡qi Avq A‡bK †ewk| cvkvcvwk eëmvq ¯’vcb Ki‡e|
mvgvwRK gh©v`vI Kg bq| ZvB wZwb fve‡Qb evsjv‡`‡ki g‡Zv GKwU Dbœqbkxj †`‡k AmsL¨
†`‡ki Kg©¶g hye‡ì g‡a¨ hw` G aviYvi weKvk †eKvi †jvK i‡q‡Q| hviv ch©vß †gav _vKv m‡Ë¡I
PvKwii Avkvq †eKvi Rxebhvcb Ki‡Q| Zviv hw` DÏxc‡K gvmyg fviZ †_‡K †gvUimvB‡Kj
Rbve kvgx‡gi g‡Zv eëmvq MVb K‡i Zvn‡j †`‡k Avg`vwb K‡i bovB‡j wewµ K‡ib| wZwb Ryb
†eKviZ¡ n«vm cv‡e| myZivs, Rbve kvgx‡gi gv‡m †h †gvUimvB‡Kj Avg`vwb K‡i‡Qb †m¸‡jv
D‡`¨vMwU †`‡ki †eKviZ¡ `~ixKi‡Y ¸i“Z¡c~Y© wW‡m¤î gv‡m weµq Ki‡j †ewk jvf Ki‡Z cvi‡eb|
f‚wgKv ivL‡e| wKš‘ ¸`vgRv‡Zi ch©vß eë¯’v bv _vKvq wZwb
AvM÷ gv‡mB †gvUimvB‡Kj wewµ K‡ib| G‡Z
((( h‡kv‡ii gvmyg fviZ †_‡K †gvUimvB‡Kj AwaK gybvdv AR©b Ki‡Z bv cvi‡jI wbqwgZ
Avg`vwb K‡i bovB‡j weµq K‡ib| G eëmvq K‡i gybvdv AR©b K‡ib|
wZwb cÖPzi jvf K‡i‡Qb| G eQi Ryb gv‡m †h fvov Kiv ¸`v‡gi eë¯’v Ki‡Z n‡j gvmy‡gi AwZwi³
†gvUimvB‡Kj Avg`vwb K‡i‡Qb †m¸‡jv e¨q n‡Zv| ZvQvov wW‡m¤î gvm ch©š—
wW‡m¤î gv‡m bovB‡j weµq Ki‡j †ewk jvf n‡Zv| gvmy‡gi wewb‡qvMK…Z A_© Ajm c‡o _vKZ|
wKš‘ Zvi Avg`vwbK…Z †gvUimvB‡Kj ivLvi ZvB wbR¯^ ¸`v‡gi eë¯’v bv _vKvq Ges g~jab
eë¯’v Ki‡Z bv cvivq AvM÷ gv‡mB weµq K‡ib `ª“Z †diZ †c‡Z gvmy‡gi †gvUimvB‡Kj wewµi
†`b| [h. †ev. 16] wm×vš— AZ¨š— †hŠw³K e‡j Avwg g‡b Kwi|
A K. cÖv_wgK wkí Kx? 1 ((( Rbve Bgb gaycy‡ii evwm›`v| wZwb RxweKv
A L. gybvdv‡K †Kb SuywK MÖn‡Yi cÖwZ`vb DcvR©‡bi j‡¶¨ eb †_‡K KvV msMÖn K‡ib| Zv
ejv nq? 2 †_‡K KvV †PivB K‡i AvmevecÎ ˆZwi K‡ib| wZwb
A M. DÏxc‡Ki Av‡jv‡K gvmyg †Kvb ai‡bi Hme AvmevecÎ gqgbwmsn GjvKvi wewfbœ
evwY‡R¨ wb‡qvwRZ? e¨vL¨v K‡iv| 3
†`vKv‡b ¯^íg~‡j¨ mieivn K‡ib| eZ©gv‡b Zvi
A N. eëmv‡qi mvwe©K w`K we‡ePbvq AvM÷
eëmvqwU fv‡jv Pj‡Q| Zvi c‡Yï Pvwn`v h‡_ó
gv‡mB Zvi †gvUimvB‡Kj weµ‡qi
†hŠw³KZv we‡klY K‡iv| 4 _vKvq eëmvq evov‡Z Pvb| wKš‘ cuywRi Kvi‡Y
mgm¨v n‡”Q| GQvov gaycyi †_‡K gqgbwms‡ni
12 bs cÖ‡kœi DËi A `~iZ¡ wKQyUv †ewk nIqvq wZwb AvmevecÎ
( cÖK…wZ †_‡K m¤ú` msMÖ‡n I Drcv`‡b me ai‡bi mwVK mg‡q †`vKv‡b †cuŠQv‡bvi e¨vcv‡i wPwš
eÅemvq msMVb 1g
Kg©cÖwµqv ev cÖ‡Póv‡K cÖv_wgK wkí e‡j| —Z| wKš‘ ZviciI wZwb G eëmv‡qi mvd‡jï
†hgb: avb Pvl| e¨vcv‡i Avkvev`x| [e. †ev. 16]
( eëmv‡qi Avq †_‡K e¨q ev ¶wZ ev` w`‡j hv A K. cÖRbb wkí Kx? 1
Aewkó _v‡K Zv-B gybvdv|
cò
A L. evwY‡Rï mvgvwRK ¸i“Z¡ e¨vL¨v K‡iv| 2

eëmv‡qi gyL¨ D‡Ïk¨ n‡jv gybvdv AR©b| gybvdv A M. DÏxc‡K ewY©Z Rbve Bgb Kx ai‡bi
n‡e a‡i wb‡q eëmvqx eëmvq Ki‡jI cY¨ webó Dc‡hvM m„wó K‡i‡Qb? e¨vL¨v K‡iv| 3
nIqv, Pvwn`v n«vm cvIqv cÖf…wZ Kvi‡Y
A N. DÏxc‡K ewY©Z Rbve Bgb eëmvq mdj
†jvKmvb nIqvi SuywK _v‡K| G SuywK bv wb‡j
n‡Z PvB‡j Zv‡K evwY‡Rï †Kvb
eëmvq Kiv hvq bv| mvaviYZ SuywK †ewk n‡j
gybvdvi cwigvYI †ewk nIqvi m¤¢vebv _v‡K| Avi cÖwZeÜKZv‡K me©cÖ_g ¸i“Z¡ †Ìqv
†hLv‡b SuywK †bB †mLv‡b gybvdv AR©‡bi m¤ DwPZ? g~j¨vqb K‡iv| 4
¢vebvI Kg| ZvB gybvdv‡K SuywK MÖn‡Yi 13 bs cÖ‡kœi DËi A
cyi¯‹vi ejv nq| ( †h wk‡íi Drcvw`Z mvgMÖx cybivq Drcv`‡bi
( DÏxc‡Ki gvmyg Avg`vwb evwY‡Rï mv‡_ Kv‡R eën„Z nq Zv‡K cÖRbb wkí e‡j| †hgb:
RwoZ| bvm©vwi, †cvjwUª dvg© BZ¨vw`|
Avg`vwb evwY‡Rï †¶Î we‡`k †_‡K cY¨ µq K‡i ( c‡Yï eÈbKvix kvLv n‡jv evwYR¨|
wbR †`‡k G‡b weµq Kiv nq| GwU GKwU evwY‡Rï gva¨‡gB wk‡í Drcvw`Z cY¨ ev †mev
ê‡`wkK evwYR¨| †fv³vi wbKU †cuŠQvq| G‡Z mgv‡Ri gvby‡li Afve
DÏxc‡Ki h‡kv‡ii gvmyg fviZ †_‡K †gvUimvB‡Kj `~i nq| evwY‡Rï gva¨‡g mgv‡Ri gvby‡li
Avg`vwb K‡ib| Avg`vwbK…Z †gvUimvB‡Kj RxebhvÎvi gvb DbœZ nq| evwYR¨ wbZ¨-bZzb cY¨
wZwb bovB‡j weµq K‡ib| gvmyg fviZ †_‡K cY¨ mieivn K‡i wewfbœ mvgvwRK mgm¨v `~i K‡i|
Av‡bb Ges wbR †`‡k wewµ K‡i gybvdv AR©b ZvB evwY‡Rï mvgvwRK ¸i“Z¡ Ab¯^xKvh©|
K‡ib| myZivs, gvmyg wbtm‡›`‡n Avg`vwb
evwY‡Rï mv‡_ RwoZ| ( DÏxc‡Ki Rbve Bgb iƒcMZ Dc‡hvM m„wó
K‡i‡Qb|
( eëmv‡qi mvwe©K w`K we‡ePbvq AvM÷
cÖK…wZ cÖ`Ë m¤ú‡ì iƒc ev Ae¯’vb cwieZ©b
gv‡mB gvmy‡gi †gvUimvB‡Kj wewµ Kiv
K‡i gvby‡li eënvi Dc‡hvMx K‡i †ZvjvB n‡jv
†hŠw³K e‡j Avwg g‡b Kwi|
cY¨ Drcv`b I †fv‡Mi g‡a¨ GKwU mgqMZ cv_©K¨ iƒcMZ Dc‡hvM| h‡š¿i mvnv‡h¨ iƒcMZ Dc‡hvM
we`¨gvb| ¸`vgRvZKi‡Yi gva¨‡g G mgqMZ evav `~i m„wó Kiv nq|
Kiv hvq| Avg`vwbK…Z c‡Yï †¶‡Î ¸`vgRvZKiY DÏxc‡K Rbve Bgb GKRb AvmevecÎ cÖ¯‘ZKviK|
cÖ‡qvRb| wZwb gaycyi eb †_‡K KvV msMÖn K‡ib|
msM„nxZ KvV †PivB K‡i wZwb wewfbœ ai‡bi
AvmevecÎ ˆZwi K‡ib| wZwb Kv‡Vi iƒc cwieZ©b K‡i gybvdv AR©b Kiv nq| G cÖwµqvq eëmvqx
K‡ib| A_©vr, KvV‡K wZwb Avmevec‡Î cwieZ©b wb‡Ri Kg©ms¯’v‡bi cvkvcvwk A‡bï Kv‡RiI
K‡ib, hv gvbyl P‚ovš— cY¨ wn‡m‡e eënvi Ki‡Z my‡hvM m„wó Ki‡Z cv‡i| G‡Z A_©‰bwZK I
cv‡i| myZivs, eb †_‡K KvV msMÖn K‡i †mB mvgvwRK Dbœqb nq| Gfv‡e RxweKv AR©‡bi
KvV †_‡K AvmevecÎ ˆZwi Kivi gva¨‡g Rbve Bgb Dcvq wn‡m‡e eëmvq ¸i“Z¡c~Y© f‚wgKv iv‡L|
iƒcMZ Dc‡hvM m„wó K‡i‡Qb| ( DÏxc‡K Rvwgj mv‡n‡ei KvR eëmv‡qi evwYR¨
( DÏxc‡Ki Rbve Bgb eëmvq mdj n‡Z PvB‡j Zv‡K kvLvi Aš—fz©³| A
me©cÖ_g evwY‡Rï A_©MZ cÖwZeÜKZv‡K evwYR¨ eëmv‡qi cY¨ eÈbKvix kvLv| Gi gva¨‡g
¸i“Z¡ w`‡Z n‡e| wk‡í Drcvw`Z cY¨ †fv³vi Kv‡Q †cuŠQv‡bv nq| G
evwY‡Rï †¶‡Î A‡_©i cÖ‡qvRbxqZv Kv‡Ri †¶‡Î bvbv ai‡bi evav `~i Ki‡Z nq| †hgb:
Ab¯^xKvh©| A_©msµvš— cÖwZeÜKZv `~i Kivi ¯^Z¡MZ, mgqMZ, SuywKMZ cÖf…wZ| Gme evav
Rb¨ e¨vsK `vwqZ¡ cvjb K‡i| G evav `~i n‡j µq-weµq, ¸`vgRvZKiY, wegv cÖf…wZi gva¨‡g `~i
eëmv‡qi m¤úÖmviY N‡U| Kiv hvq|
DËxc‡Ki Rbve Bgb gaycyi eb †_‡K KvV msMÖn DÏxc‡K D‡jL¨ Rvwgj mv‡ne GKRb Avjy
K‡i AvmevecÎ ˆZwi K‡ib| wZwb ˆZwiK…Z eëmvqx| wZwb gyÝxMÄ †_‡K Avjy µq K‡ib|
AvmevecÎ gqgbwmsn GjvKvi wewfbœ †`vKv‡b Gici wZwb XvKv †_‡K †`‡ki wewfbœ ¯’v‡b
¯^íg~‡j¨ mieivn K‡ib| Zvi c‡Yï Pvwn`v h‡_ó mieivn K‡ib| G‡¶‡Î wZwb cÖ_‡g Avjy µ‡qi
_vKvq wZwb eëmvq m¤úÖmviY Ki‡Z Pvb| wKš‘ gva¨‡g ¯^Z¡MZ evav `~i K‡ib| Avi gyÝxMÄ †_‡K
cuywRi Kvi‡Y Zvi mgm¨v n‡”Q Ges eëmv‡qi XvKvq I XvKv †_‡K wewfbœ ¯’v‡b cwien‡bi
mdjZv evavMÖ¯— n‡”Q| gva¨‡g Avjy mieivn K‡ib| G‡Z ¯’vbMZ evav `~i
Rbve Bgb hw` cuywRi ms¯’vb Ki‡Z cv‡ib Zvn‡j nq| Gme KvR evwY‡Rï Kv‡Ri mv‡_ m¤úwK©Z|
eëmvqwUi m¤úÖmviY m¤¢e n‡e| G‡Z wZwb
ZvB ejv hvq, Rvwgj mv‡n‡ei KvR eëmv‡qi
Pvwn`v Abyhvqx cY¨ mieivn Ki‡Z cvi‡eb| e¨vsK
evwYR¨ kvLvi Aš—fz©³|
eÅemvq msMVb 1g
Ges Ab¨vb¨ Avw_©K cÖwZôvb †_‡K FY
MÖn‡Yi gva¨‡g Rbve Bgb cuywRi mgm¨v `~i ( DÏxc‡Ki mgm¨v mgvav‡b Rvwgj mv‡ne Avjyi
Ki‡Z cv‡ib| GwU Ki‡j Zvi eëmvqI mdj n‡e| ¸`vgRvZ Ki‡Z cv‡ib e‡j Avwg g‡b Kwi| A
myZivs, Rbve Bg‡bi A_©MZ cÖwZeÜKZv‡K Drcv`b I †fv‡Mi gaëZ©x mg‡q cY¨ bó nIqv †_‡K
cò
¸i“Z¡ †Ìqv DwPZ| i¶vi Rb¨ ¸`vgRvZ Kiv nq| G‡Z wbw`©ó mg‡qi Rb¨
((( Rvwgj mv‡ne gyÝxMÄ †_‡K Avjy µq K‡i G‡b c‡Yï ¸YMZ gvb i¶v nq| Gi d‡j c‡Yï mgqMZ
XvKv †_‡K †`‡ki wewfbœ ¯’v‡b mieivn K‡i Dc‡hvM m„wó nq|
gybvdv AR©b K‡ib| gvP© GwcÖj gv‡m gyÝxMÄ DÏxc‡Ki Rvwgj mv‡ne gyÝxM‡Äi GKRb Avjy
†Rjvq Avjyi e¨vcK mieivn nq | wKš‘ msi¶‡Yi eëmvqx| Zvi eëmv‡q Avjy msi¶‡Yi ch©vß eë¯’v
¯^íZvi Kvi‡Y Rvwgj mv‡ne ch©vß cwigvY Avjy †bB| GRb¨ gyÝxM‡Ä hLb Avjyi e¨vcK mieivn nq
µq Ki‡Z cv‡ib bv e‡j †`‡ki cÖwZwU †Rjvq wZwb ZLb wZwb †ewk cwigv‡Y Avjy wKb‡Z cv‡ib bv|
Pvwn`v †gvZv‡eK Avjy mieivn Ki‡Z cvi‡Qb bv| d‡j cÖwZwU †Rjvi Pvwn`v Abyhvqx wZwb Avjy
G‡Z Zvi eëmvwqK Kvh©µg wewNœZ n‡”Q| mieivn Ki‡Z cvi‡Qb bv| G‡Z Zvi eëmvwqK KvR
[ivRDK DËiv g‡Wj K‡jR, XvKv] wewNœZ n‡”Q|
A K. mvgvwRK eëmvq Kx? 1 G Ae¯’vq wZwb ¸`vgRvZKiY eë¯’v wb‡Z cv‡ib|
A L. RxweKv AR©‡bi Dcvq wn‡m‡e eëmv‡qi G‡Z wZwb †ewk cwigv‡Y Avjy wK‡b GLv‡b
f‚wgKv e¨vL¨v K‡iv| 2 msi¶Y Ki‡Z cvi‡eb| d‡j Avjyi ¸YMZ gvb bó n‡e
A M. Rvwgj mv‡n‡ei KvR eëmv‡qi †Kvb kvLvi bv| Gici Pvwn`v Abyhvqx mviv eQi Avjy mieivn
Aš—fz©³? e¨vL¨v K‡iv| 3 Ki‡Z cvi‡eb| myZivs, Avjyi ¸`vgRvZKi‡Yi
A N. DÏxc‡Ki mgm¨v mgvav‡b KiYxq we‡klY gva¨‡gB wZwb D³ mgm¨v mgvavb Ki‡Z cv‡ib e‡j
K‡iv| 4 Avwg g‡b Kwi|
14 bs cÖ‡kœi DËi ((( Rbve kvgxg I Zvi wZb eÜy wg‡j KzwoMÖv‡g
( †h eëmv‡q wewb‡qvMKvix‡ì gybvdv cvIqvi GKwU eëmvq ¯’vcb K‡ib| GjvKvi †ewkifvM
cÖZ¨vkv _v‡K bv Ges ïay `vwi`ª¨ `~ixKiY I †jvKB `vwi`ª¨ cxwoZ| G cÖwZôv‡bi Ab¨Zg D‡Ïk¨
mgv‡Ri Kj¨v‡Yi D‡Ï‡k¨ MVb Kiv nq Zv‡K n‡jv †Kv‡bv we‡kl mvgvwRK, ˆbwZK I
mvgvwRK eëmvq e‡j| A cwi‡ekMZ Dbœqb Kiv| Pvi eÜyi AK¬vš—
cwikÖ‡gi d‡j cÖwZôvbwU e¨vcK mvdj¨ jvf K‡i
( gybvdv AR©‡bi D‡Ï‡k¨ cwiPvwjZ me êa A_©
cÖPzi gybvdv AR©b K‡i‡Q| eëmv‡qi AwR©Z
‰bwZK KvR‡K (Drcv`b, µq, weµq, cwienb,
gybvdv †_‡K m`m¨‡ì wewb‡qvMK…Z g~jab
weÁvcb cÖf…wZ) eëmvq e‡j| A †diZ †`qv nq Ges Aewkó gybvdv cÖwZôv‡bi
eëmv‡qi gva¨‡g gvbyl wbR¯^ eyw×gËv‡K Kv‡R Dbœq‡b e¨q Kiv nq| d‡j cÖwZôv‡bi Kg©xiv
jvwM‡q cY¨ ev †mev Drcv`b K‡i| Gme cY¨ mieivn Avb›`gyLi cwi‡e‡ki ga¨ w`‡q KvR K‡i hv‡”Q|
[AvBwWqvj ¯‹zj A¨vÛ K‡jR, gwZwSj, XvKv; cUzqvLvjx
cwi‡ekMZ Dbœq‡b KvR Ki‡Q| A_©vr, GwU
miKvwi gwnjv K‡jR] mvgvwRK eëmv‡qi Aš—M©Z|
A K. cÖZ¨¶ †mev Kx? 1 cÖwZôvbwU eZ©gv‡b cÖPzi gybvdv AR©b
A L. evwYR¨ Kxfv‡e eëmv‡qi SzuwKMZ Ki‡Q| gybvdv cÖwZôv‡bi Dbœq‡bi cvkvcvwk AÎ
cÖwZeÜKZv `~i K‡i? 2 GjvKvi Amnvq I weËnxb gvby‡li Kj¨v‡Y eënvi
A M. Rbve kvgxg‡ì cÖwZwôZ eëmvqwU †Kvb Kiv nq| d‡j `wi`ª †jv‡Kiv wb‡R‡ì A_©‰bwZK
ai‡bi? e¨vL¨v K‡iv| 3 Dbœq‡bi my‡hvM cvq| G‡Z `wi`ª gvby‡li DcKvi
A N. Zzwg wK g‡b K‡iv kvgxg‡ì cÖwZwôZ nq| Gfv‡e mvgvwRK eëmvq †`‡ki `wi`ªZv Kgv‡Z
eëmvqwU †`‡ki `wi`ªZv `~ixKi‡Y Ae`vb Ae`vb ivL‡Z m¶g nq|
ivL‡Z m¶g? hy³mn eY©bv K‡iv| 4
15 bs cÖ‡kœi DËi ((( wg. kIKZ ivRkvnxi mv‡ne evRv‡i GKRb
( MÖvnK‡ì mivmwi †mev †Ìqvi wewbg‡q A_© †gŠmywg d‡ji eëmvqx| wZwb ivRkvnx †_‡K Avg
DcvR©‡bi eë¯’v‡K cÖZ¨¶ †mev e‡j| A I wjPz G‡b XvKvq weµq K‡ib| d‡ji mvBR I gvb
Abyhvqx Avg I wjPz wewfbœ fv‡M fvM K‡ib|
†hgb: Wv³vi, DwKj, AwWU dv‡g©i KvR cÖf…wZ| wZwb cÖvK…wZK c×wZ‡Z dj msi¶Y I
evRviRvZKi‡Yi GKUv eë¯’v M‡o Zz‡j‡Qb| †fv³v
( wk‡í Drcvw`Z mvgMÖx Drcv`‡Ki KvQ †_‡K
I LyPiv eëmvqxiv Zvi KvQ †_‡K digvwjbgy³ I
cÖK…Z †fvMKvixi Kv‡Q †cuŠQv‡bvi KvR‡K
ZvRv dj wK‡b ¯^v”Q›`¨ †eva K‡i|
evwYR¨ e‡j| A [bUi †Wg K‡jR, XvKv]
SuywKi Kvi‡Y (†hgb: Pvwn`v n«vm, cY¨ cPb, A K. evwYR¨ Kv‡K e‡j? 1
g~j¨ n«vm, `yN©Ubv, Pzwi, WvKvwZ cÖf…wZ) A L. mvgvwRK eëmv ej‡Z Kx †evS? 2
eëmv‡qi Avw_©K ¶wZ n‡Z cv‡i| G ¶wZ †_‡K A M. wg. kIKZ dj evRviRvZKi‡Yi c~‡e©
i¶v cvIqvi Rb¨ SzuwKi wecix‡Z c‡Yï wegv Kiv nq| eëmv‡qi †Kvb KvRwU m¤úv`b K‡i‡Qb
Pzw³ Abyhvqx wegvMÖnxZv ¶wZMÖ¯— n‡j e‡j Zzwg g‡b K‡iv? evwY‡Rï †¶‡Î
eÅemvq msMVb 1g
wegvKvix ¶wZc~iY cÖ`vb K‡i| Gfv‡e evwYR¨ KvRwU KZLvwb ¸i“Z¡c~Y© e‡j Zzwg g‡b
wegvi gva¨‡g eëmv‡qi SuywKMZ evav `~i Ki‡Z K‡iv| 3
cv‡i| A N. †fv³v‡ì mš‘wó weav‡b cÖvK…wZK
c×wZ‡Z d‡ji msi¶Y I evRviRvZKi‡Y wg.
cò
( DÏxc‡K Rbve kvgxg‡ì cÖwZwôZ eëmvqwU

mvgvwRK eëmv‡qi Aš—M©Z| A kIK‡Zi M„nxZ eë¯’v DËg- †Zvgvi gZvgZ
G eëmv‡qi gva¨‡g `vwi`ª¨ `~iKxiY I mvgvwRK `vI| 4
Dbœq‡bi KvR Kiv nq| GLv‡b D‡`¨v³viv g~jab 16 bs cÖ‡kœi DËi
wewb‡qvM K‡ib; wKš‘ gybvdv cÖvwßi cÖZ¨vkv ( Drcv`‡Ki †_‡K †fv³vi Kv‡Q cY¨ †cuŠQv‡bv
K‡ib bv| wewb‡qvMKvixiv ïay g~jab †diZ †bb| ch©š— †hme KvR (µq, weµq, cwienb cÖf…wZ)
Avi gybvdvi AskwU D³ wewb‡qvMK…Z Kiv nq Zv‡K evwYR¨ e‡j| A
cÖwZôv‡bi cÖmvi I Dbœq‡b e¨q Kiv nq| ( †h eëmvq gybvdv AR©‡bi Avkv bv K‡i mgv‡Ri
DÏxc‡K kvgxg I Zvi wZb eÜy wg‡j KzwoMÖv‡g `vwi`ª¨ `~ixKiY I Dbœq‡bi Rb¨ MwVZ nq Zv‡K
GKwU eëmvq ¯’vcb K‡ib| G cÖwZôv‡bi Ab¨Zg mvgvwRK eëmvq e‡j| A
D‡Ïk¨ n‡jv mvgvwRK, ˆbwZK I cwi‡ekMZ G eëmv‡q wewb‡qvMKvix ïay wewb‡qvMK…Z
Dbœqb Kiv| eëmv‡qi AwR©Z gybvdv †_‡K A_© †diZ †bq| gybvdvi Ask †bq bv| gybvdvi A_©
m`mïv wewb‡qvMK…Z g~jab †diZ †bq| Avi w`‡q H eëmv‡qi m¤úÖmviY I Dbœq‡bi KvR Kiv
Aewkó gybvdv cÖwZôv‡bi Dbœq‡b e¨q K‡i| Gme nq| GwU eëmv‡qi cybt wewb‡qvM wn‡m‡e
KvR mvgvwRK eëmv‡qi êwk‡óï mv‡_ we‡ewPZ nq|
mvgÄm¨c~Y©| ZvB ejv hvq, Rbve kvgxg‡ì ( DÏxc‡K wg. kIKZ dj evRviRvZKi‡Yi c~‡e©
cÖwZwôZ eëmvqwU mvgvwRK eëmv‡qi Aš— eëmv‡qi ch©vwqZKiY KvRwU m¤úv`b K‡i‡Qb|
M©Z| evwY‡Rï †¶‡Î GwU LyeB ¸i“Z¡c~Y© f‚wgKv
( DÏxc‡K kvgxg‡ì cÖwZwôZ mvgvwRK iv‡L e‡j Avwg g‡b Kwi| A
eëmvqwU †`‡ki `wi`ªZv `~ixKi‡Y Ae`vb ivL‡Z ch©vwqZKi‡Yi gva¨‡g cY¨‡K Gi AvK…wZ, IRb,
m¶g e‡j Avwg g‡b Kwi| A gvb Abyhvqx wewfbœ fv‡M fvM Kiv nq| G‡Z
mvgvwRK eëmvq MV‡b D‡`¨v³viv gybvdv †µZviv mn‡RB Zv‡ì cÖ‡qvRb g‡Zv cY¨ wPwýZ
cÖvwßi D‡Ïk¨ QvovB g~jab wewb‡qvM K‡ib| Gi I msMÖn Ki‡Z cv‡i| G‡Z µq I weµq Dfq †¶‡ÎB
cÖavb D‡Ïk¨ n‡jv mgv‡Ri Kj¨vY I `vwi`ª¨ `~ixKiY| myweav nq|
Gi KvR nq evwYwR¨K; wKš‘ D‡Ïk¨ nq mvgvwRK| DÏxc‡K wg. kIKZ GKRb †gŠmywg d‡ji eëmvqx|
DÏxc‡K kvgxg‡ì cÖvwZôvbwU KzwoMÖv‡g wZwb ivRkvnx †_‡K Avg I wjPz XvKvq G‡b
Aew¯’Z| †mLv‡b †ewkifvM †jvKB `vwi`ª¨ cxwoZ| wewµ K‡ib| Gme d‡ji mvBR I gvb Abyhvqx
ZvB G cÖwZôvbwU mvgvwRK, ˆbwZK I wZwb wewfbœ fv‡M fvM K‡i †bb| Gi d‡j
cieZ©x‡Z dj wewµi †¶‡Î †Kv‡bv Sv‡gjvq co‡Z †c‡q DcK…Z nq| †mevi wewbg‡q wd w`‡Z nq| G
nq bv| †µZviv mn‡RB Zv‡ì Pvwn`v Abyhvqx dj †mev gRy`‡hvM¨ bq| †hgb: Wv³vwi, IKvjwZ,
msMÖn Ki‡Z cv‡i| GRb¨ †fv³v I LyPiv dj cÖ‡KŠkjxi KvR cÖf…wZ cÖZ¨¶ †mevi Aš—fz©³|
eëmvqxiv Zvi KvQ †_‡K dj wKb‡Z ¯^v”Q›`¨‡eva ( DÏxc‡K ABC wj. †Kv¤úvwbi Kvh©µg †hŠwMK
K‡i| Gme KvR ch©vwqZKi‡Yi mv‡_ wk‡íi Aš—M©Z ejv hvq| A
mvgÄ¨m¨c~Y©, hv evwY‡Rï †¶‡Î ¸i“Z¡c~Y© G wk‡í K‡qKwU c„_K wk‡íi c`v_© ev Dcv`vb‡K
f‚wgKv iv‡L| GKwÎZ Kiv nq| Gici wbR¯^ KviLvbv ev wk‡í
( †fv³v‡ì mš‘wó weav‡b cÖvK…wZK c×wZ‡Z dj G¸‡jv cÖwµqvRvZ Kiv nq| cÖwµqvRv‡Zi ci GwU
msi¶Y I evRviRvZKi‡Y DÏxc‡Ki wg. kIK‡Zi GKwU c~Y©v½ I eënvi‡hvM¨ c‡Y¨ cÖ¯‘Z nq|
M„nxZ eë¯’vwU DËg e‡j Avwg g‡b Kwi| A †hgb : †mvwWqvg I †K¬vwib wgwk‡q jeY ˆZwi
cY¨ Drcv`‡bi ci Zv †fv³vi Kv‡Q †cuŠQv‡bv ch©š Gi Aš—M©Z|
— mg‡q wewfbœ ch©v‡q Zv msi¶‡Yi cÖ‡qvRb DÏxc‡K ABC †Kv¤úvwb we‡`k †_‡K †flR Pwe©
nq| KviY wKQy cY¨ Drcv`b nq GK mg‡q, Avi Avg`vwb K‡i| †mwU cÖwµqvRvZ K‡i ¶vi I
eënvi Kiv nq mviv eQi| ZvB Gi ¸YMZ gvb i¶vi myMwÜ wgwk‡q mvevb ˆZwi K‡i| G‡¶‡Î mvevb
Rb¨ ¸`vgRvZ eë¯’v wb‡Z nq| ˆZwii Rb¨ †hme Dcv`vb cÖ‡qvRb Zv GKwÎZ Kiv
DÏxc‡Ki wg. kIKZ †gŠmywg d‡ji eëmvqx| wZwb nq| Gici cÖwµqvRv‡Zi gva¨‡g wewfbœ ai‡bi
ivRkvnx †_‡K Avg I wjPz XvKvq G‡b wewµ mvevb ˆZwi Kiv n‡q‡Q| Gfv‡e GwU c~Y©v½
K‡ib| GRb¨ wewfbœ dj Zv‡K cÖvK…wZKfv‡e c‡Y¨ cÖ¯‘Z n‡q‡Q| Gme êwkó¨ †hŠwMK wk‡íi
msi¶‡Yi eë¯’v Ki‡Z nq| KviY me dj GKB mg‡q mv‡_ mvgÄm¨c~Y©| ZvB ejv hvq, ABC wj. Gi
weµq bvI n‡Z cv‡i| ZvB AweµxZ dj Ab¨ mg‡q KvR †hŠwMK wk‡íi Aš—M©Z|
wewµi Rb¨ ¸`vgRvZ Kiv nq|
¸`vgRvZ Kivi gva¨‡g d‡ji ¸YMZ gvb fv‡jv _v‡K| ( DÏxc‡Ki ABC wj. (†hŠwMK wkí) I XYZ wj.
bó ev c‡P hvq bv, hv cieZ©x‡Z wewµi Rb¨ (wbg©vY wkí) †Kv¤úvwbi g‡a¨ XYZ wj. †`‡ki
evRviRvZ Kivi hvq| G‡Z †fv³viv fv‡jv gv‡bi dj Av_©-mvgvwRK Dbœq‡b cÖZ¨¶ f‚wgKv iv‡L e‡j
eÅemvq msMVb 1g
wKb‡Z ¯^v”Q›`¨‡eva Ki‡Q| Avi Zv‡ì Pvwn`v Avwg g‡b Kwi| A
Abyhvqx dj msMÖn K‡iI Zviv mš‘ó n‡”Q| ZvB †h‡Kv‡bv wk‡íi DbœqbB cÖZ¨¶ I c‡iv¶fv‡e
ejv hvq, D³ ¸`vgRvZKiY KvR †fv³v‡ì mš‘wó †`‡ki Av_©-mvgvwRK Dbœqbmvab K‡i| eëmv-
cò
weav‡b wbtm‡›`‡n GKwU DËg eë¯’v| evwYR¨, wkí †`‡ki A_©bxwZi g~j PvwjKvkw³
wn‡m‡e MY¨ nq| Gi gva¨‡gB e¨w³, mgvR, †`k I
((( AvwKe I ivwKe `yB eÜy wek¦we`¨vj‡qi mgMÖ gvbeRvwZi Dbœqb nq|
cov‡kvbv †kl K‡i `yR‡bB wm×vš— MÖnY K‡ib DÏxc‡K ABC †Kv¤úvwb we‡`k †_‡K †flR Pwe©
¯^vaxbfv‡e †Kv‡bv KvR K‡i RxweKv wbe©vn Avg`vwb K‡i †m¸‡jv cÖwµqvRv‡Zi gva¨‡g
Ki‡eb| ZvB AvwKe ABC wj. I ivwKe XYZ wj. bv‡g mvevb ˆZwi K‡i evRviRvZ K‡i| G‡Z †`‡ki gvby‡li
`ywU eëmvq cÖwZôvb M‡o †Zv‡jb| ABC †kŠwLb Pvwn`v c~iY n‡”Q| GwU Av_©-
†Kv¤úvwb‡Z we‡`k †_‡K †flR Pwe© Avg`vwb mvgvwRK Dbœq‡b cÖZ¨¶ f‚wgKv bv ivL‡jI Gi
K‡i, †mwU cÖwµqvRvZ K‡i ¶vi I myMwÜ gva¨‡g miKvi Ki I ivR¯^ †c‡q _v‡K|
wgwk‡q wewfbœ ai‡bi mvevb ˆZwi K‡i Zv Ab¨w`‡K, XYZ †Kv¤úvwb miKv‡ii KvQ †_‡K
evRviRvZ K‡i| Ab¨w`‡K XYZ †Kv¤úvwb miKv‡ii †UÛvi wb‡q †`‡ki g‡a¨ wewfbœ moK I †mZz
KvQ †_‡K †UÛvi wb‡q †`‡ki g‡a¨ wewfbœ moK I wbg©vY K‡i| A_©vr GwU wbg©vY wk‡íi Aš—
†mZz wbg©v‡Yi KvR K‡i| eZ©gv‡b `yB eÜyB M©Z| Gi gva¨‡g AeKvVv‡gvMZ Dbœqb n‡”Q|
mdj eëmvqx wn‡m‡e cwiwPZ| [nwj µm K‡jR, XvKv] mgv‡Ri gvbyl ¯^v”Q‡›`¨ Pjv‡div Ki‡Z cvi‡Q| d‡j
A K. †UªW Kx? 1 †`‡ki gvbyl, miKvi I eëmvqx mK‡jB DcK…Z
A L. cÖZ¨¶ †mev ej‡Z Kx †evSvq? 2 n‡”Q| G‡Z cÖZ¨¶fv‡e †`‡ki Av_©-mvgvwRK
A M. ABC wj. †Kv¤úvwbi Kvh©µg‡K †Kvb ai‡bi DbœwZ nq| ZvB ejv hvq, XYZ wj. wbg©vY wkíB
wkí ejv hvq? e¨vL¨v K‡iv| 3 †`‡ki Dbœq‡b cÖZ¨¶ f‚wgKv ivL‡Q|
A N. ABC wj. I XYZ cÖv. wjwg‡UW †Kv¤úvwbi
g‡a¨ †KvbwU †`‡ki Av_©-mvgvwRK ((( g‡bvniw`‡Z Bw`ª‡mi GKwU gwbnvwi †`vKvb
Dbœq‡b cÖZ¨¶ f‚wgKv iv‡L? 4 i‡q‡Q| me ai‡bi gwbnvwi `ªe¨ myjfg~‡j¨ cvIqv hvq
17 bs cÖ‡kœi DËi weavq GjvKvi AwaKvsk †jvKRbB Zvi †`vKvb
†_‡K cY¨ µq K‡i| m¤úÖwZ Bw`ªm Zvi cv‡ki
( gybvdv AR©‡bi Rb¨ cY¨ µq-weµq Kiv‡K †UªW `ywU Dc‡Rjvq GKB ai‡bi `ywU †`vKvb †Lv‡jb|
(cY¨ wewbgq) e‡j| A †mLv‡bI e¨vcK mvov cvIqvq Bw`ªm ch©vqµ‡g
( MÖvnK‡ì mivmwi †mev †Ìqvi wewbg‡q A_© †`‡ki wewfbœ AÂ‡j GKB ai‡bi †`vKvb †Lvjvi
DcvR©b Kiv‡K cÖZ¨¶ †mev e‡j| A cwiKíbv Ki‡Qb| [XvKv Kgvm© K‡jR]
GwU †`Lv ev ¯úk© Kiv hvq bv| wKš‘ gvby‡li A K. mvgvwRK eëmv‡qi cÖe³v †K? 1
cÖ‡qvRb c~i‡Y GwU m¶g| Gi gva¨‡g gvbyl †mev
A L. cÖv_wgK wkí ej‡Z Kx †evSvq? 2
A M. eëmv‡qi AvIZv we‡ePbvq Bw`ª‡mi KvR ((( AvgRv` †nv‡mb B‡›`v‡bwkqv †_‡K
†Kvb ai‡bi †UªW? e¨vL¨v K‡iv| 3 DbœZgv‡bi Pvj wK‡b hvPvB-evQvB‡qi ci
A N. Bw`ª‡mi cwiKíbv wK †`‡ki c¨v‡KURvZ K‡i Zzi‡¯‹ wewµ K‡ib| cwienb e¨‡qi
†eKviZ¡ `~ixKi‡Y f‚wgKv ivL‡e? gZvgZ welqwU gv_vq †i‡L wZwb mgy`ª c‡_ cY¨ Avbv-
`vI| 4 †bIqv K‡ib| Z‡e GB c‡_ wewfbœ `y‡h©v‡Mi K_v
18 bs cÖ‡kœi DËi †f‡e wZwb cÖvq mgqB DwØMœ _v‡Kb| [Av`gRx
( mvgvwRK eëmv‡qi cÖe³v n‡jb W. gynv¤§` K¨v›Ub‡g›U K‡jR, XvKv]
BDb~m| A A K. cÖwgZKiY Kx? 1
( cÖK…wZ †_‡K m¤ú` Drcv`b I AvniY msµvš— A L. Ôwkí n‡jv Drcv`‡bi evnbÕ- e¨vL¨v K‡iv| 2
hveZxq Kvh©cÖ‡PóvB n‡jv cÖv_wgK wkí| A A M. AvgRv` †nv‡mb †Kvb ai‡bi evwY‡Rï
G wkí eûjvs‡kB cÖK…wZ ev A`„k¨ kw³i Ici mv‡_ RwoZ? e¨vL¨v K‡iv| 3
wbf©ikxj| cÖK…wZMZfv‡eB G wk‡íi cÖmvi A N. DÏxc‡Ki eY©bv Abyhvqx AvgRv` †nv‡mb
N‡U| G wk‡í gvbexq cÖ‡Póvi f‚wgKv LyeB Kg| eëmvwqK `ywðš—v `~i Ki‡Z †Kvb ai‡bi
Pvlvev`, cï-cvwL jvjbcvjb, LwbR m¤ú` D‡Ëvjb, eë¯’v MÖnY Ki‡Z cv‡ib? hyw³ Dc¯’vcb
grm¨ AvniY BZ¨vw` cÖv_wgK wk‡íi Aš—fz©³| K‡iv| 4
( eëmv‡qi AvIZv we‡ePbvq DÏxc‡K ewY©Z 19 bs cÖ‡kœi DËi
Bw`ª‡mi KvR Af¨š—ixY †Uª‡Wi Aš—fz©³| A ( cY¨‡K-Gi is, ¸Yv¸Y, IRb cÖf…wZi Ici wfwË K‡i
GKwU †`‡ki †fŠ‡MvwjK mxgvbvi g‡a¨ †h µq- gvb wba©viY Kiv‡K cÖwgZKiY e‡j| A
weµq KvR msNwUZ nq Zv‡K Af¨š—ixY †UªW
( †h cÖwµqvq cÖvK…wZK m¤ú`‡K cÖwµqvRvZ
ev Af¨š—ixY evwYR¨ e‡j| G‡¶‡Î †µZv I we‡µZv
K‡i gvby‡li eënvi Dc‡hvMx c‡Y¨ cÖ¯‘Z Kiv nq
DfqB GKB †`‡ki Awaevmx n‡q _v‡K|
DÏxc‡K ewY©Z Bw`ª‡mi g‡bvniw`‡Z GKwU Zv‡K wkí e‡j| A
eÅemvq msMVb 1g
gwbnvwi †`vKvb Av‡Q| me ai‡bi gwbnvwi cY¨ GwU KuvPvgvj‡K cÖwµqvRvZ K‡i P‚ovš— c‡Y¨
†mLv‡b myjfg~‡j¨ cvIqv hvq| ZvB D³ GjvKvi iƒcvš—i K‡i| gvby‡li cÖ‡qvRb c~i‡Yi Rb¨
AwaKvsk †jvKRbB Zvi †`vKvb †_‡K cY¨ µq K‡i| wewfbœ cY¨ mvgMÖx Drcv`b KivB wk‡íi KvR|
cò
m¤úÖwZ wZwb cv‡ki `ywU Dc‡Rjv‡ZI GKB ai‡bi A_©vr, GwU cY¨ Drcv`b msµvš— Kv‡Ri mv‡_
`ywU †`vKvb †Lv‡jb| G‡_‡K †evSv hvq, Bw`ªm mshy³| ZvB, wkí‡K Drcv`‡bi evnb ejv nq|
evsjv‡`‡ki mxgvbvi †fZi †_‡K cY¨ msMÖn K‡i ( DÏxc‡K AvgRv` †nv‡mb, ê‡`wkK evwY‡Rï
evsjv‡`‡kB wewµ Ki‡Qb| ZvB Zvi KvRwU Af¨š— cybtißvwb Kv‡Ri mv‡_ RwoZ| A
ixY †UªW| cybtißvwb evwY‡Rï †¶‡Î GK †`k †_‡K cY¨
( Bw`ª‡mi wewfbœ AÂ‡j †`vKvb †Lvjvi cwiKíbv wK‡b Zv Ab¨ †`‡k ißvwb Kiv nq| G‡¶‡Î cY¨
ev¯—evqb n‡j Zv †`‡ki †eKviZ¡ `~ixKi‡Y ißvwbKviK Zvi ißvwbK…Z cY¨ we‡`k †_‡K
BwZevPK f‚wgKv ivL‡e| A msMÖn K‡ib| G‡Z Kgc‡¶ wZbwU †`k RwoZ
eëmvq gvby‡li Av‡qi c_ m„wó K‡i| eëmvq hZ _v‡K|
m¤úÖmvwiZ nq ZZ bZzb bZzb Kg©ms¯’vb M‡o DÏxc‡K AvgRv` †nv‡mb eëmv‡qi Rb¨
I‡V| †`‡ki gvby‡li RxebhvÎvi gvb ev‡o| B‡›`v‡bwkqv †_‡K DbœZ gv‡bi Pvj Avg`vwb K‡i
Bw`ªm g‡bvniw`‡Z GKwU gwbnvwi †`vKvb Pvjy evsjv‡`‡k wb‡q Av‡mb| Gici Zv hvPvB-evQvB‡qi
K‡ib| myjfg~‡j¨ me ai‡bi cY¨ cvIqvq GjvKvevmx ci c¨v‡KURvZ K‡i Zzi‡¯‹ wewµ K‡ib| GLv‡b
Zvi †`vKvb †_‡K cY¨ msMÖn Ki‡Z _v‡K| G‡Z wZwb GK †`k †_‡K cY¨ Avg`vwb K‡i Ab¨ †`‡k
mvdj¨ †`‡L Bw`ªm cv‡ki `ywU Dc‡Rjv‡ZI GKB
ißvwb K‡i‡Qb| G KvRwU cybtißvwb evwY‡Rï
iKg †`vKvb †Lv‡jb| †mLv‡bI e¨vcK mvdj¨ Avm‡Z
mv‡_ mvgÄm¨c~Y©| myZivs, AvgRv` †nv‡mb
_v‡K| G‡Z DrmvwnZ n‡q wZwb ch©vqµ‡g †`‡ki
wewfbœ AÂ‡j Zvi eëmvq m¤úÖmvi‡Yi wPš—v cybtißvwbi gva¨‡gB ê‡`wkK evwYR¨ K‡i‡Qb|
Ki‡Qb| ( DÏxc‡Ki eY©bv Abyhvqx AvgRv` †nv‡mb
wZwb hw` Zvi cwiKíbv ev¯—evqb Ki‡Z cv‡ib eëmvwqK wPš—v `~i Ki‡Z wegv eë¯’v MÖnY
Zvn‡j †`‡k Kg©ms¯’v‡bi my‡hvM ˆZwi n‡e| Ki‡Z cv‡ib e‡j Avwg g‡b Kwi| A
wewfbœ ¯’v‡b †`vKvb cwiPvjbvi Rb¨ Kgx©i mgy`ªc‡_ cY¨ en‡bi mgq †Kv‡bv `yN©Ubv NU‡j
cÖ‡qvRb n‡e| Aciw`‡K Zvi †`Lv‡`wL AviI wecyj A‡_©i ¶wZ n‡Z cv‡i| G ¶wZ †_‡K i¶v †c‡Z
A‡b‡KB Giƒc eëmv‡q Drmvnx n‡e| G‡Z ißvwbKviK wegv K‡i| G‡Z wegv †Kv¤úvwb cY¨
AvÍKg©ms¯’v‡bi my‡hvM ˆZwi n‡e| d‡j ev m¤úwËi SzuwK MÖnY K‡i| d‡j ißvwbKviK
Kg©ms¯’v‡bi bZzb bZzb †¶Î ˆZwi n‡e| ZvB ejv wbwðš— _v‡Kb|
hvq, Bw`ª‡mi cwiKíbv †`‡ki †eKviZ¡ `~ixKi‡Y DÏxc‡K AvgRv` †nv‡mb GKRb cybtißvwbKviK
BwZevPK Ae`vb ivL‡e| Pvj eëmvqx| wZwb B‡›`v‡bwkqv †_‡K Pvj G‡b
Zzi‡¯‹ ißvwb K‡ib| wZwb G Kv‡Ri Rb¨ mgy`ª c‡_ ˆbwZK I cwi‡ekMZ Dbœq‡bi KvRI K‡ib|
cY¨ Avbv-†bIqv K‡ib| wKš‘ G c‡_ wewfbœ eëmv‡qi AwR©Z gybvdv cÖwZôv‡bi Dbœq‡b
`y‡h©v‡Mi K_v †f‡e wZwb DwØMœ _v‡Kb| e¨q K‡ib| Avi Gi m`mïv ïay g~ja‡bi Ask †diZ †bb|
G Ae¯’vq AvgRv` †nv‡mb mgy`ªc‡_ Avg`vwb- Gme êwkó¨ mvgvwRK eëmv‡qi mv‡_
ißvwbi mgq RvnvR `yN©Ubvq Avw_©K ¶wZi mvgÄm¨c~Y©| ZvB ejv hvq, DÏxc‡K iv‡m‡ji
m¤§yLxb n‡Z cv‡ib| G SzuwK Kgv‡bvi Rb¨ cÖwZwôZ eëmvqwUI mvgvwRK eëmvq
wZwb wcÖwgqv‡gi wewbg‡q †bŠwegv Pzw³ cÖwZôvb|
Ki‡Z cv‡ib| G‡Z Avg`vwb ev ißvwb c‡_ Pv‡ji ( DÏxc‡K iv‡m‡ji cÖwZwôZ mvgvwRK eëmvq
†Kv‡bv ¶wZ n‡j wegv †Kv¤úvwb ¶wZc~iY w`‡e| †`‡ki `wi`ªZv `~ixKi‡Y Ae`vb ivL‡Z m¶g e‡j
G‡Z Zvi eëmv‡qi SzuwK Kg‡e| myZivs, Gfv‡e Avwg g‡b Kwi| A
wegvi gva¨‡g AvgRv` †nv‡mb eëmvwqK `ywðš mvgvwRK eëmvq MV‡b KwZcq e¨w³ gybvdv
—v `~i Ki‡Z cv‡ib| cÖvwßi D‡Ïk¨ QvovB g~jab wewb‡qvM K‡ib| Zviv
g~jZ `wi`ªZv `~ixKiY I mgvRKj¨v‡Yi Rb¨B G
((( iv‡mj iscy‡ii GKwU `vwi`ª¨ wbcxwoZ AÂ‡j eëmvq cwiPvjbv K‡ib| ¯^v¯’¨ †mev, M„nvqY,
evm K‡i| B›UviwgwW‡qU cvm Kivi ci †m Avi wkï‡ì Rb¨ Lv`¨ mieivn cÖf…wZ I eëmv‡qi
Zvi eÜyiv wg‡j †mLv‡b GKwU eëmvq ¯’vcb Kij| Kv‡Ri Aš—M©Z|
H GjvKvq †ewkifvM †jvK `wi`ª nIqvq Zv‡ì D‡Ïk¨ DÏxc‡K iv‡mj‡ì eëmvqwU iscy‡i ¯’vwcZ n‡q‡Q|
wQj mvgvwRK, ˆbwZK I cwi‡ekMZ Dbœqb| †mLv‡b †ewkifvM †jvKB `wi`ª e‡j Zviv G Ae¯’v
wKQyw`b ciB Zviv mvd‡jï gyL †`L‡Z †cj| Zv‡ì †gvKvwejvi Rb¨ KvR Ki‡Qb| GQvov Zviv
eëmv‡qi AwR©Z gybvdv †_‡K m`m¨‡ì mvgvwRK, ˆbwZK I cwi‡ekMZ Dbœq‡bi D‡Ï‡kÏ
wewb‡qvMK…Z g~jab †diZ w`‡q Aewkó gybvdv KvR Ki‡Qb| A_©vr, GwU mvgvwRK eëmv‡qi
cÖwZôv‡bi Dbœq‡b e¨q Kiv nq| Aš—M©Z|
[Av`gRx K¨v›Ub‡g›U K‡jR, XvKv] Zv‡ì eëmvqwU‡Z cÖPzi gybvdv n‡”Q| G gybvdv
A K. cÖZ¨¶ †mev Kx? 1
eÅemvq msMVb 1g
Zviv cÖwZôv‡bi Dbœqb I m¤úÖmvi‡Y e¨q
A L. eëmv‡qi e›UbKvix kvLv †KvbwU? 2 Ki‡Qb| Gi cvkvcvwk GjvKvi Amnvq I weËnxb
A M. iv‡m‡ji cÖwZwôZ eëmvqwU †Kvb ai‡bi? gvby‡li Kj¨v‡YI eënvi Ki‡Qb| G‡Z `wi`ª gvby‡li
eY©bv `vI| 3 DcKvi n‡”Q| d‡j `wi`ªZv Kg‡Q| myZivs, D³
cò
A N. iv‡m‡ji eëmvqwU wK †`‡ki `wi`ªZv mvgvwRK eëmvq cÖwZôvbwU Gfv‡e †`‡ki
`~ixKi‡Y Ae`vb ivL‡Z m¶g e‡j Zzwg g‡b `wi`ªZv `~i Ki‡Z ¸i“Z¡c~Y© f‚wgKv ivL‡Z m¶g|
K‡iv? †Zvgvi DË‡ii c‡¶ hyw³ `vI| 4
20 bs cÖ‡kœi DËi ((( Rbve Beªvwng gyÝxMÄ †Kvì †÷v‡iR ¯’vcb
( gybvdv AR©‡bi D‡Ï‡k¨ MÖvnK‡ì mivmwi †mev K‡i‡Qb| †gŠmy‡gi mgq wZwb gyÝxM‡Äi
†Ìqv‡K cÖZ¨¶ †mev e‡j| †hgb: Wv³vwi, IKvjwZ wewfbœ GjvKv †_‡K cÖwZwbwai gva¨‡g Avjy
cÖf…wZ cÖZ¨¶ †mevi Aš—M©Z| A msMÖn I eQ‡ii wewfbœ mg‡q wbR¯^ cwienb
( eëmv‡qi cY¨ eÈbKvix kvLv n‡jv evwYR¨| A eë¯’vi gva¨‡g Zv XvKvi KviIqvb evRvimn †`‡ki
Drcv`K †_‡K †fv³vi Kv‡Q cY¨ †cuŠQv‡bvi eo eo weµq †K‡›`ª wb‡q AvoZ`vi‡ì gva¨‡g weµq
KvR‡K evwYR¨ e‡j| G‡¶‡Î cÖv_wgK wk‡í (†hgb: K‡ib| AvoZ`vi‡ì KvQ †_‡K †QvU eëmvqxiv
LwbR m¤ú` D‡Ëvjb) Drcvw`Z cY¨ gva¨wgK wk‡í wK‡b Zv mvaviY MÖvnK‡ì Kv‡Q weµq K‡i|
(†hgb: wPwb wkí) Ges gva¨wgK wk‡í Drcvw`Z [ivRevox miKvwi K‡jR]
cY¨ cÖK…Z †fv³vi Kv‡Q mieivn Kiv nq| A_©vr A K. cybtißvwb Kx? 1
GwU g~jZ cY¨ eÈ‡bi KvRB K‡i| ZvB evwYR¨‡K A L. cÖv_wgK wkí ej‡Z Kx †evSvq? 2
eëmv‡qi cY¨ e›UbKvix kvLv e‡j| A M. Rbve Beªvwng †Kvb ai‡bi Af¨š—ixY
evwY‡Rï mv‡_ m¤ú„³? e¨vL¨v K‡iv| 3
( DÏxc‡K iv‡m‡ji cÖwZwôZ eëmvqwU A N. Rbve Beªvwn‡gi cY¨ wewbgq mnvqK
mvgvwRK eëmv‡qi Aš—M©Z| A Kvh©vewj eëmv‡qi MwZ‡K Z¡ivwš^Z
Giƒc eëmvq mgv‡Ri Kj¨vY I `vwi`ª¨ `~ixKi‡Yi K‡i DÏxc‡Ki Av‡jv‡K Dw³wU we‡klY
D‡Ï‡k¨ MwVZ nq| GLv‡b gybvdv MÖn‡Yi K‡iv| 4
D‡Ï‡k¨ KvR Kiv nq bv| G eëmv‡q 21 bs cÖ‡kœi DËi
wewb‡qvMKvixiv ïay wewb‡qvMK…Z g~jab
†diZ †bq| Avi AwR©Z gybvdv cÖwZôv‡bi ( we‡`k †_‡K cY¨ wbR †`‡k Avg`vwbi ci Zv
Dbœq‡bi Kv‡R e¨q Kiv nq| Avevi Ab¨ †Kv‡bv †`‡k ißvwb Ki‡j Zv‡K
DÏxc‡K iv‡mj I Zvi eÜyiv wg‡j iscy‡i GKwU cybtißvwb e‡j| A
eëmvq ¯’vcb Kij| H GjvKvi †ewkifvM †jvK `wi`ª ( cÖK…wZ †_‡K m¤ú` Drcv`b I msMÖ‡ni me
nIqvq Zv‡ì D‡Ïk¨ wQj G `wi`ªZv `~i Kiv| Gi ai‡bi Kvh©cÖwµqv‡K cÖv_wgK wkí e‡j| A
cvkvcvwk G eëmv‡qi gva¨‡g Zviv mvgvwRK,
gvby‡li mg¯— eënvi Dc‡hvMx cY¨B Av‡m g~jZ Drcv`bKvix‡ì KvQ †_‡K mivmwi AZ¨š—
cÖv_wgK wkí †_‡K| G wkí cÖK…wZi Ici gvbm¤úbœ Pvj µq K‡i wb‡q G‡m c¨v‡KU K‡i
wbf©ikxj| G wk‡íi Drcvw`Z mvgMÖx wewfbœ e¸ovq eo evRv‡i wewµ K‡i| d‡j evRv‡i `ª“Z
cÖwµqvi gva¨‡g gvby‡li eënvi Dc‡hvMx c‡Y¨ Pvwn`v evo‡Z _v‡K Ges †ewkwKQy msL¨K
iƒcvš—i Kiv nq| †hgb : Rwg‡Z dmj djv‡bv, Lwb MÖvnK Av‡M †_‡KB digv‡qk w`‡q _v‡K| Kwei
†_‡K m¤ú` D‡Ëvjb cÖf…wZ Gi Aš—M©Z| G ch©v‡q †nvg †Wwjfvwi †Ìqvi cwiKíbv K‡i|
( DÏxc‡K Rbve Beªvwng Af¨š—ixY evwY‡Rï [weqvg g‡Wj ¯‹zj GÛ K‡jR, e¸ov]
cvBKvwi eëmv‡qi mv‡_ m¤ú„³| A A K. eëmvq Kx? 1
†Kv‡bv †`‡ki †fŠ‡MvwjK mxgvbvi g‡a¨ Af¨š— A L. eëmvq Kvh© m¤úv`‡b SzuwKMZ evav
ixY evwY‡Rï KvR Kiv nq| cvBKvwi eëmvq Gi Kxfv‡e `~i Kiv hvq? 2
Aš—M©Z| G eëmv‡q Drcv`‡Ki KvQ †_‡K A M. Kwei eëmv‡qi AvIZvq †Kvb ch©v‡q
cvBKvi AwaK cwigv‡Y cY¨ µq K‡i Zv msMÖn ev Ae¯’vb Ki‡Q? e¨vL¨v K‡iv| 3
¸`vgRvZ K‡i iv‡Lb| Gici LyPiv eëmvqx‡ì Kv‡Q A N. PvKwi †Q‡o eëmvq Kivi wm×vš—wU
Zv weµq K‡ib| Kwe‡ii Rb¨ mwVK wQj wK? hyw³mn
DÏxc‡K Rbve Beªvwng gyÝxM‡Ä GKwU †Kvì
e¨vL¨v K‡iv| 4
†÷v‡iR ¯’vcb K‡i‡Qb| wZwb GKRb †gŠmywg
22 bs cÖ‡kœi DËi
c‡Yï eëmvqx| wZwb †`‡ki Af¨š—‡i gyÝxMÄ
†_‡K cÖwZwbwai gva¨‡g Avjy msMÖn K‡ib| ( gybvdv AR©‡bi D‡Ï‡k¨ êafv‡e cwiPvwjZ
Gici wbR¯^ cwienb eë¯’vi gva¨‡g XvKvi KviIqvb hveZxq A_©‰bwZK KvR‡K eëmvq e‡j| A
evRv‡i Zv AvoZ`vi‡ì gva¨‡g weµq K‡ib| GLv‡b ( eëmv‡qi Kvh© m¤úv`‡b SzuwKMZ evav c‡Yï
wZwb Drcv`K I LyPiv eëmvqxi g‡a¨ ga¨¯’ZvKvix wegv Kivi gva¨‡g `~i Kiv hvq| A
wn‡m‡e †hvMm~Î ¯’vcb Ki‡Qb, hv GKRb eëmv‡qi mv‡_ RwoZ SzuwK¸‡jv n‡jv Pvwn`v
cvBKv‡ii KvR| myZivs, Rbve Beªvwn‡gi KvR n«vm, cY¨ cPb, g~j¨n«vm, `yN©Ubv cÖf…wZ|
eÅemvq msMVb 1g
cvBKvwi eëmv‡qi Aš—M©Z| Gme SuywKi Kvi‡Y eëmv‡q cÖPzi ¶wZ n‡Z
( DÏxc‡K Rbve Beªvwn‡gi cY¨ wewbgq mnvqK cv‡i| G ¶wZ †_‡K i¶vi Rb¨ SuywKi wecix‡Z wegv
Kvh©vewj eëmv‡qi MwZ‡K Z¡ivwš^Z K‡i Kiv hvq| wegvPzw³ Abyhvqx wegvMÖnxZvi
cò
Dw³wU †hŠw³K e‡j Avwg g‡b Kwi| A m¤ú‡ì †Kv‡bv ¶wZ n‡j wegvKvix ¶wZc~iY †`q|
evwY‡Rï KvR myôzfv‡e m¤úv`b Ki‡Z †ekwKQy Gfv‡e wegv eëmv‡qi SuywKMZ evav `~i K‡i|
evavi m„wó nq| †hgb: ¯^Z¡MZ, ¯’vbMZ, mgqMZ mnvqK Z_¨....................................................................................................................
evav cÖf…wZ| Gme evav `~i Kivi Rb¨ cY¨ wegv n‡jv wegvMÖnxZv I wegvKvixi g‡a¨ m¤úvw`Z
wewbgq mnvqK wKQy KvR (†hgb: µq-weªKq, Pzw³; †hLv‡b wegvKvix wegvMÖnxZvi m¤ú‡ì SzuwK
cwienb, ¸`vgRvZKiY cÖf…wZ) Kiv nq| GwU MÖn‡Yi wewbg‡q wcÖwgqvg wb‡q _v‡K|
eëmv‡qi KvR mPj ivL‡Z mvnvh¨ K‡i| ( DÏxc‡Ki Kwei eëmv‡qi AvIZvq evwY‡R¨
DÏxc‡Ki Rbve Beªvnxg †gŠmy‡gi mgq wewfbœ Ae¯’vb Ki‡Q| A
AvoZ`v‡ii gva¨‡g gyÝxMÄ †_‡K Avjy msMÖn evwYR¨ eëmv‡qi cY¨ eÈbKvix kvLv wn‡m‡e
K‡ib| Zv wbR¯^ cwien‡bi gva¨‡g KviIqvb we‡ewPZ| wk‡í Drcvw`Z cY¨ †fv³v‡ì Kv‡Q
evRvimn wewfbœ ¯’v‡b weµq K‡ib| Gfv‡e wZwb †cuŠQv‡bvi KvRwU evwY‡Rï gva¨‡g Kiv nq| G
c‡Yï ¯’vbMZ evav `~i K‡ib| Avevi µq-weµq Kv‡R wewfbœ evav m„wó nq| †hgb: ¯^Z¡MZ,
Kv‡Ri gva¨‡g wZwb ¯^Z¡MZ evav `~i Ki‡Qb| ¯’vbMZ, mgqMZ evav cÖf…wZ| Gme evav µq-
G¸‡jv cY¨ wewbgq mnvqK Kvh©vewji Aš—M©Z| weµq, cwienb, ¸`vgRvZKiY BZ¨vwì gva¨‡g `~i Kiv
Gme Kv‡Ri gva¨‡g eëmv‡qi cY¨ µq-weµq KvR hvq|
mPj ivLv m¤¢e n‡”Q| GQvov Drcv`bKvix I DÏxc‡K Kwei GKRb Pv‡ji eëmvqx| †m
†fvMKvixi g‡a¨ ¯’vbMZ `~iZ¡ `~i n‡”Q| †fv³viv w`bvRcy‡ii Drcv`bKvix‡ì KvQ †_‡K mivmwi
mn‡RB cÖ‡qvRbxq cY¨ msMÖn Ki‡Z cvi‡Q| gvbm¤úbœ Pvj µq K‡i| Gici Zv e¸ovi eo evRv‡i
Gme Kv‡Ri gva¨‡g we‡µZviv gybvdv AR©b wewµ K‡i| G‡¶‡Î †m cÖ_‡g Pvj µ‡qi gva¨‡g
Ki‡Q| G‡Z eëmv‡qi cwiwaI evo‡Z _v‡K| myZivs ¯^Z¡MZ evav `~i K‡i‡Q| Gici Zv cwien‡bi gva¨‡g
ejv hvq, Rbve Beªvwn‡gi D³ cY¨ wewbgq mnvqK w`bvRcyi †_‡K e¸ovq wb‡q wewµ K‡i| G‡Z c‡Yï
Kvh©vewj eëmv‡qi MwZ‡K Z¡ivwš^Z K‡i| ¯’vbMZ evav `~i n‡”Q| Gfv‡e †m Drcv`K †_‡K
†fv³v ch©š— cY¨ †cuŠQv‡bvi KvR Ki‡Q| G KvR
((( Kwei `xN©w`b GKwU Pv‡ji Avo‡Z KvR evwY‡Rï mv‡_ msMwZc~Y©| ZvB ejv hvq,
KiwQj| cieZx©‡Z mÂqK…Z A_© w`‡q †m Kwei evwY‡Rï Kv‡Ri mv‡_B m¤ú„³|
wb‡RB Pv‡ji eëmvq ïi“ Kij| Kv‡R mnvqZv Kivi ( DÏxc‡Ki Kwe‡ii PvKwi †Q‡o eëmvq Kivi
Rb¨ †QvU fvB KvRj‡K m‡½ †bq| †m w`bvRcy‡ii wm×vš—wU mwVK wQj e‡j Avwg g‡b Kwi| A
eëmvq MVb I cwiPvjbvi †cQ‡b eëmvqxi gybvdv ( DÏxc‡K Zgv‡ji mv¤úÖwZK Kvh©µgwU Af¨š—
AR©‡bi cÖZ¨vkv ev D‡Ïk¨ _v‡K| Kg `v‡g cY¨ ixY †Uª‡Wi Aax‡b cvBKvwi eëmv‡qi Aš—fz©³|
wK‡b ev Drcv`b K‡i †ewk `v‡g weµq K‡i gybvdv A
AR©b Kiv nq| PvKwii †¶‡Î G ai‡bi my‡hvM †bB| Af¨š—ixY †Uª‡Wi KvR n‡jv wbR †`‡ki †fZ‡i µq-
ZvB gvbyl PvKwi bv K‡i eëmvq Ki‡Z †ewk weµq m¤úbœ Kiv| cvBKvwi eëmvq GB †Uª‡WiB
AvMÖnx nq| Aš—M©Z| G eëmv‡q cvBKvi Drcv`‡Ki †_‡K
DÏxc‡K Kwei `xN©w`b GKwU Pv‡ji Avo‡Z cY¨ msMÖn K‡i LyPiv eëmvqxi Kv‡Q mieivn
PvKwi KiwQj| cieZ©x‡Z mÂqK…Z A_© w`‡q K‡i| A_©vr G‡ì g‡a¨ †hvMm~Î ¯’vc‡bi KvR
†m wb‡RB Pv‡ji eëmvq ïi“ K‡i| Kv‡R mnvqZvi K‡ib| G ai‡bi eëmvqxiv g~jZ kn‡ii g~j †K‡›`ª
Rb¨ †m Zvi †QvU fvB‡K mv‡_ †bq| eëmvq ¯’vcb K‡ib|
Kwei hLb PvKwi KiwQj ZLb Zvi †eZb ev Avq DÏxc‡Ki Zgvj wewfbœ Mv‡g©›Um wk‡í myZv
mxwgZ wQj| †mLv‡b AwZwi³ kÖg ev †KŠkj mieiv‡ni KvR K‡ib| wZwb Drcv`‡Ki KvQ †_‡K
cÖ_‡g AwaK cwigv‡Y myZv µq K‡i msi¶Y K‡ib|
cÖ‡qvM K‡iI AwZwi³ A_© DcvR©b m¤¢e wQj
Gici Zv wk‡í ev LyPiv eëmvqxi Kv‡Q mieivn
bv| KviY PvKwii †¶‡Î †eZb wbw`©ó _v‡K| wKš‘
K‡ib| G‡¶‡Î wZwb Drcv`bKvix I wkígvwjK‡ì
†m c‡i wb‡Ri Pv‡ji eëmvq Pvjy K‡i| †mLv‡b †m
g‡a¨ †hvMm~Î ¯’vcb K‡i‡Qb| Avi Zvi eëmv‡qi
Lye fv‡jv gv‡bi Pvj mieivn K‡i `ª“Z mybvg AR©b KvR¸‡jv †`‡ki wfZ‡iB msNwUZ n‡q‡Q| GwU
K‡i| G‡Z evRv‡i Pvwn`v `ª“Z †e‡o hvq| †m Af¨š—ixY †Uª‡Wi cvBKvwi eëmv‡qi Kv‡Ri
MÖvnK‡ì †_‡K AwMÖg AW©vi †c‡Z ïi“ K‡i| mv‡_ mvgÄm¨c~Y©| ZvB ejv hvq, Zgv‡ji KvRwU
G‡Z Zvi gybvdv w`b w`b e„w× †c‡Z _v‡K| hv Zvi Af¨š—ixY †Uª‡Wi cvBKvwi eëmv‡qi Aš—M©Z|
PvKwii mxwgZ Av‡qi †P‡q A‡bK †ewk| ZvB ejv
( ÔeëmvwqK `„wó‡KvY †_‡K Zgv‡ji mvdj¨
hvq, PvKwi †Q‡o Kwe‡ii eëmvq Kivi wm×vš—
mywbwðZÕ Avwg G e³‡eï mv‡_ GKgZ| A
wU hyw³hy³ wQj|
Drcv`b I †fv‡Mi gaëZ©x mg‡q cY¨ bó nIqv †_‡K
eÅemvq msMVb 1g
i¶vi Rb¨ ¸`vgRvZ Kiv nq| G‡Z wbw`©ó mg‡qi Rb¨
((( Zgvj wewfbœ Mv‡g©›Um wk‡í myZv mieiv‡ni
c‡Yï ¸YMZ gvb i¶v nq| Gi d‡j c‡Yï mgqMZ
KvR K‡ib| GRb¨ †`‡ki weL¨vZ K‡qKwU myZv Dc‡hvM m„wó nq|
ˆZwii KviLvbvq Zvi †ek mybvg Av‡Q| Zgvj j¶¨ DÏxc‡Ki Zgvj cvBKvwi eëmv‡qi KvR K‡ib|
cò
Ki‡jb †h, AwaK cwigv‡Y myZv µq Ki‡j g~j¨ wZwb Mv‡g©›Um wk‡í myZv mieivn K‡ib|
wKQyUv Kg c‡o| ZvB wZwb wKQy RgvK…Z G‡¶‡Î Zvi h‡_ó mybvg Av‡Q| wZwb j¶ Ki‡jb
A_© wewb‡qvM K‡i GKwU ¸`vg fvov K‡ib Ges AwaK cwigv‡Y myZv µq Ki‡j LiP Kg nq| ZvB
AwaK cwigv‡Y myZv msMÖn K‡i msi¶Y Kivi wZwb Gi msi¶‡Yi Rb¨ GKwU ¸`vg fvov K‡ib| Gi
cwiKíbv K‡ib| [Kzwgjv Kgvm© K‡jR] gva¨‡g wZwb µqK…Z myZv ¸`vgRv‡Zi eë¯’v
A K. cÖwµqvRvZ wkí Kx? 1 MÖnY K‡ib|
A L. ‘Business'-Gi mgxKiYwU e¨vL¨v K‡iv| 2 G eë¯’vi gva¨‡g wZwb Kg`v‡g GK mv‡_ AwaK
A M. Zgv‡ji mv¤úÖwZK Kvh©µgwU †Kvb cwigv‡Y myZv wK‡b GLv‡b msi¶Y Ki‡Z cvi‡eb|
ai‡bi †Uª‡Wi Aš—fz©³? e¨vL¨v K‡iv| 3 Gici mviv eQi a‡i Zv mieivn Ki‡Z cvi‡eb| G‡Z Zvi
A N. ÒeëmvwqK `„wó‡KvY †_‡K Zgv‡ji mvdj¨ LiP Kg n‡e I gybvdv †ewk n‡e| GQvov wk‡íi g›`vi
mywbwðZÓ Zzwg wK Gi mv‡_ GKgZ? mgqI myZv mieivn Ki‡Z cvi‡eb| G‡Z Zvi
hyw³mn e¨vL¨v K‡iv| 4 eëmvwqK mybvg eRvq _vK‡e| Gfv‡e wZwb
23 bs cÖ‡kœi DËi wbwðZfv‡e eëmv‡q mvdj¨ AR©b Ki‡Z cvi‡eb
( †h wk‡íi KuvPvgvj wewfbœ Drcv`b cÖwµqvi e‡j Avwg g‡b Kwi|
gva¨‡g cwiYZ c‡Y¨ iƒcvš—wiZ nq Zv‡K
cÖwµqvRvZ wkí e‡j| †hgb: Zzjv †_‡K Kvco ˆZwi ((( Kz‡ei gvwS †R‡j‡ì wb‡q cÙv b`x †_‡K Bwjk
cÖwµqvRvZ wk‡íi Aš—M©Z| A gvQ a‡i Puv`cyi evRv‡i wewµ K‡i| evRv‡i gv‡Qi
cÖPzi Pvwn`v _vKvq †m gvQ aivi Rvj I Av‡iKwU
( Business ev eëmvq n‡jv gybvdv AR©‡bi Rb¨ †bŠKv µ‡qi Rb¨ FY MÖn‡Yi K_v fve‡Qb| [j²xcyi
êafv‡e cwiPvwjZ me A_©‰bwZK Kv‡Ri miKvwi K‡jR]
(Drcv`b, µq, weµq) mgwó| A A K. eëmvq Kx? 1
Business Gi mgxKiYwU n‡jv B = I +  T +  AT. A L. evwYR¨ ej‡Z Kx †evSvq? 2
GLv‡b, B = Business (eëmvq) A M. Kz‡ei gvwSi eëmvqwU †Kvb wk‡íi Aš—
I = Industry (wk‡íi Kv‡Ri mgwó) M©Z? e¨vL¨v K‡iv| 3
 T = Trade (cY¨ wewbgq msµvš— Kv‡Ri mgwó) A N. Kz‡ei gvwS †Kvb Drm †_‡K FY MÖnY
 AT = Auxiliaries to Trade (cY¨ wewbgq mnvqK Ki‡Z cvi‡e e‡j Zzwg g‡b K‡iv? 4
Ab¨vb¨ Kv‡Ri mgwó) 24 bs cÖ‡kœi DËi
( gybvdv AR©‡bi D‡Ï‡k¨ êafv‡e cwiPvwjZ wKQyw`b ci K…lK Kgj I Zvi eÜy‡ì g~jab †diZ
hveZxq A_©‰bwZK KvR‡K eëmvq e‡j| A †`b| [we G Gd kvnxb K‡jR, PÆMÖvg]
( wk‡í Drcvw`Z cY¨ cÖK…Z †fvMKvixi Kv‡Q A K. mxgve× Askx`vwi eëmvq Kx? 1
†cuŠQv‡bvi KvR‡K evwYR¨ e‡j| A A L. bvevjK Kx Askx`vi n‡Z cv‡i? 2
evwYR¨ g~jZ eëmv‡qi cY¨ eÈ‡bi KvR K‡i| G eÈbA M. DÏxc‡K Kgj MÖv‡g †h KvRwU K‡i‡Q Zv
KvR Ki‡Z bvbviKg evavi m¤§yLxb n‡Z nq| †hgb: Kx ai‡bi? e¨vL¨v K‡iv| 3
¯^Z¡MZ, ¯’vbMZ, mgqMZ evav cÖf…wZ| Gme A N. Kgj I Zvi cuvPRb eÜyi G ai‡bi Kvh©µg
evav µq-weµq, cwienb, ¸`vgRvZKiY cÖf…wZ A_©‰bwZK Dbœq‡b Kx f‚wgKv ivL‡Z
Kv‡Ri gva¨‡g `~i Kiv nq| Gme Kv‡Ri mgwóB cv‡i? †Zvgvi gZvgZ `vI| 4
evwYR¨| 25 bs cÖ‡kœi DËi
( DÏxc‡K Kz‡ei gvwSi eëmvqwU wb®‹vkb wk‡íi ( †Kv‡bv Askx`vwi eëmv‡q GK ev GKvwaK
Aš—M©Z| A m`‡mï `vq mxwgZ _vK‡j Zv‡K mxgve×
G wk‡íi gva¨‡g cÖvK…wZK Drm (f‚Mf©, cvwb Askx`vwi eëmvq e‡j| A
ev evqy) †_‡K m¤ú` AvniY Kiv nq| mvaviY ( bvevjK Askx`vi n‡Z cv‡i bv| A
gvby‡li bvMv‡ji evB‡ii wRwbm Zv‡ì eënv‡ii Askx`vwi AvB‡b 30 (1) aviv Abyhvqx 18 eQ‡ii
AvIZvq Avbv nq| G wkí cÖvK…wZK m¤ú` wb‡P †Kv‡bv e¨w³ Askx`vi n‡Z cvi‡e bv| wKš‘
AvniY K‡i G‡ì Dc‡hvwMZv evovq| Lwb †_‡K mKj Askx`vi m¤§Z n‡j wKQy mg‡qi Rb¨
Kqjv, b`x †_‡K gvQ AvniY cÖf…wZ G wk‡íi bvevjK‡K Askx`vwi eëmv‡qi myweav †Ìqv †h‡Z
D`vniY| cv‡i| Z‡e G‡¶‡Î bvevj‡Ki `vq Zvi g~jab ch©š—B
DÏxc‡Ki Kz‡ei gvwS †R‡j‡ì wb‡q cÙv b`x †_‡K mxgve× _v‡K|
Bwjk gvQ a‡i| Gici Zv Puv`cyi evRv‡i wewµ K‡i|
( DÏxc‡Ki Kgj MÖv‡g †h KvRwU K‡i‡Qb Zv
G‡¶‡Î †m cÖvK…wZK Drm †_‡K m¤ú` AvniY mvgvwRK eëmv‡qi Aš—M©Z| A
Ki‡Q| Avi Zv weµ‡qi gva¨‡g mvaviY gvbyl‡K g~jZ mgv‡Ri Kj¨vY I `vwi`ª¨ `~i Kivi Rb¨
eÅemvq msMVb 1g
LvIqvi my‡hvM K‡i w`‡”Q| Gme êwkó¨ mvgvwRK eëmv‡qi KvR Kiv nq| G‡¶‡Î †hme
wb®‹vkb wk‡íi Kv‡Ri mv‡_ msMwZc~Y©| ZvB e¨w³eM© g~jab wewb‡qvM K‡ib Zviv Gi †_‡K
ejv hvq, Kz‡ei gvwSi eëmvqwU wb®‹vkb wk‡íi jfvsk cÖvwßi cÖZ¨vkv K‡ib bv| Gi KvR nq
cò
Aš—M©Z| evwYwR¨K wKš‘ D‡Ïk¨ n‡e mvgvwRK|

( DÏxc‡Ki Kz‡ei gvwS e¨vsK †_‡K FY MÖnY DÏxc‡K Kgj `xN©w`b a‡i PÆMÖv‡g cvBKvwi
Ki‡Z cvi‡e e‡j Avwg g‡b Kwi| A eëmvq Ki‡Qb| wZwb Zvi MÖv‡gi evwo‡Z wM‡q
†h‡Kv‡bv eëmvq cwiPvjbv Ki‡Z A‡_©i cuvP eÜy‡K wb‡q GKRb `wi`ª K…lK‡K Zv‡ì
cÖ‡qvRb nq| cÖ‡qvRbxq A‡_©i Afv‡e eëmvq g~jab w`‡q GKwU gyw` †`vKvb ¯’vcb K‡i †`b|
m¤úÖmviY Am¤¢e n‡q c‡o| G Ae¯’vq e¨vsK I K…l‡Ki Avw_©K m”QjZv evo‡j Zv‡ì g~jab
Avw_©K cÖwZôvb A‡_©i †hvMvb w`‡q †diZ †`b| GLv‡b Zviv g~jab wewb‡qvM K‡ib
eëmv‡qi g~jab msµvš— mgm¨v mgvavb K‡i mvgvwRK D‡Ï‡k¨| K…l‡Ki `wi`ªZv `~i KivB
_v‡K| Zv‡ì g~j D‡Ïk¨ wQj| GLvb †_‡K Zviv gybvdv
DÏxc‡Ki Kz‡ei gvwS cÙv b`x †_‡K Bwjk gvQ a‡i cÖvwßi cÖZ¨vkv K‡ib bv| Gme êwkó¨ mvgvwRK
Puv`cyi evRv‡i wewµ K‡i| evRv‡i Bwjk gv‡Qi eëmv‡qi mv‡_ mvgÄm¨c~Y©| myZivs ejv hvq,
cÖPzi Pvwn`v Av‡Q| ZvB †m gvQ aivi Rvj I Kgj MÖv‡g mvgvwRK eëmv‡qi KvR K‡i‡Qb|
Av‡iKwU †bŠKv †Kbvi K_v fve‡Q| ( DÏxc‡Ki Kgj I Zvi cuvP eÜyi mvgvwRK
Rvj I †bŠKv µ‡qi Rb¨ A‡_©i cÖ‡qvRb| G AwZwi³ eëmv‡qi KvR A_©‰bwZK Dbœq‡b ¸i“Z¡c~Y©
A_© †m e¨vsK †_‡K FY wn‡m‡e wb‡Z cv‡i| Zvi f‚wgKv ivL‡Z cv‡i e‡j Avwg g‡b Kwi| A
A_© msµvš— evavwU Gi gva¨‡g `~i Kiv hv‡e| mvgvwRK eëmv‡qi gva¨‡g `vwi`ª¨ `~ixKiY I
e¨vsK F‡Yi gva¨‡g Rvj I †bŠKv wK‡b †ewk mvgvwRK Dbœqb Kiv nq| GLv‡b D‡`¨v³viv g~jab
cwigv‡Y gvQ aiv m¤¢e n‡e| d‡j evRv‡i gv‡Qi wewb‡qvM K‡ib| wKš‘ gybvdv cÖvwßi cÖZ¨vkv
AwaK Pvwn`vI c~iY Kiv hv‡e| myZivs ejv hvq, K‡ib bv| wewb‡hvMKvixiv ïay g~jab †diZ wb‡q
Kz‡ei gvwS e¨vsK †_‡K FY MÖnY K‡i Avw_©K _v‡Kb| Avi gybvdvi Ask D³ wewb‡qvMK…Z
mgm¨v `~i Ki‡Z cv‡i| cÖwZôv‡bi cÖmvi I Dbœq‡b e¨q Kiv nq|
DÏxc‡K Kgj Zvi cuvP eÜy‡K wb‡q MÖv‡gi
((( Kgj `xN©w`b a‡i PÆMÖv‡g cvBKvwi eëmvq GKRb `wi`ª K…lK‡K Zv‡ì g~jab w`‡q GKwU
Ki‡Qb| mvßvwnK QywU‡Z MÖv‡gi evwo‡Z †`vKvb w`‡q †`b| wKQyw`b ci K…l‡Ki Avw_©K
wM‡q Zvi cuvPRb eÜy wb‡q GKRb `wi`ª K… m”QjZv evo‡j Zv‡ì g~jab †diZ †`b| wKš‘ Gi
lK‡K Zv‡ì g~jab w`‡q GKwU gyw` †`vKvb ¯’vcb gybvdv Zviv MÖnY K‡ib bv| A_©vr GwU
K‡i †`b| G‡Z K…l‡Ki Avw_©K m”QjZv ev‡o| mvgvwRK eëmvq‡K wb‡`©k Ki‡Q, hv g~jZ
`vwi`ª¨ `~ixKi‡Yi gva¨‡g A_©‰bwZK Dbœqb wZ cÖ`Ë m¤ú` AvniY K‡i Zv Avevi cieZ©x
K‡i| Drcv`‡bi Rb¨ Ab¨ GKwU wkí cÖwZôvb‡K mieivn
G ai‡bi eëmv‡qi gva¨‡g `wi`ª Rb‡Mvôx wb‡R‡ì K‡i| Gme KvR wb®‹vkb wk‡íi êwk‡óï mv‡_
Avw_©K Dbœq‡bi my‡hvM cvq| A‡bK †jv‡Ki mvgÄm¨c~Y©| ZvB ejv hvq, †`k evsjv
Kg©ms¯’v‡bi my‡hvM m„wó nq| d‡j gv_vwcQy cÖwZôvbwU wb®‹vkb wk‡íi Aš—M©Z|
Avq ev‡o| `vwi`ª¨ `~ixKiY m¤¢e nq| GQvov
( DÏxc‡K Avikx M¨vm †Kv¤úvwbi Kvh©µg
D‡`¨v³viv wewb‡qvMK…Z A_© †diZ wb‡jI
gybvdvi Ask †bq bv| G A‡_©i gva¨‡g cieZ©x eëmv‡qi wkí kvLvi Ô†mev cwi‡ekK wkíÕ-Gi Aš
mg‡q cÖwZôv‡b Dbœq‡bi Kv‡R e¨q Kiv hvq| —M©Z| A
G‡Z D³ cÖwZôv‡bi Kv‡Ri cÖmvi nq| Gfv‡e G wkí gvby‡li RxebhvÎv‡K mnR I Avivg`vqK Kivi
mvgvwRK eëmvq A_©‰bwZK Dbœq‡b Kv‡R wb‡qvwRZ _v‡K| wewfbœ cÖKvi
¸i“Z¡c~Y© Ae`vb iv‡L| †mevKg© wb‡q G wkí KvR K‡i| †hgb: M¨vm,
we`y¨r I cvwb mieivn, e¨vswKs I ¯^v¯’¨ †mev
((( †`k evsjv evsjv‡`‡ki GKwU AwZcwiwPZ wkí cÖf…wZ Gi Aš—M©Z|
cÖwZôvb| cÖwZôvbwU wÎgvwÎK f‚-K¤úb Rwic DÏxc‡Ki †`k evsjv wkí f‚Mf© †_‡K M¨vm AvniY
Pvwj‡q wK‡kviM‡Ä GKwU M¨vm‡¶Î Avwe®‹vi K‡i Zv Avikx M¨vm †Kv¤úvwb‡K miveivn K‡i|
Kij| f‚Mf© †_‡K M¨vm AvniY K‡i cÖwZôvbwU Avikx M¨vm †Kv¤úvwb G M¨vm cvBcjvB‡bi
Avikx M¨vm †Kv¤úvwb‡K mieivn K‡i| Avikx gva¨‡g wkí I M„n¯’vjx Kv‡R mieivn K‡i|
M¨vm †Kv¤úvwb msM„nxZ M¨vm cvBcjvB‡bi Avikx M¨vm †Kv¤úvwbi mieivnK…Z M¨vm
gva¨‡g wkí I M„n¯’jx Kv‡R mieivn K‡i| [we G Gd M„n¯’jxi ˆ`bw›`b Kv‡R cÖ‡qvRb nq| d‡j mvaviY
kvnxb K‡jR, PÆMÖvg] gvb‡li RxebhvÎv G‡¶‡Î mnR n‡”Q| Avevi, GwU
A K. cwi‡gj wbqgvewj Kx? 1 Drcv`bg~jK Kv‡RI wewfbœ KviLvbvq eën„Z
A L. mvgvwRK eëmvq Kv‡K e‡j? 2 n‡”Q| G‡Z Zviv mn‡R Drcv`b KvR Ki‡Z cvi‡Q|
eÅemvq msMVb 1g
A M. †`k evsjv‡K †Kvb ai‡bi wkí ejv nq? e¨vL¨v myZivs Avikx M¨vm †Kv¤úvwb G ai‡bi †mev
K‡iv| 3 †Ìqvi Kv‡R wb‡qvwRZ _vKv, G‡K †mev wk‡íi
A N. Avikx †Kv¤úvwbi Kvh©µg eëmv‡qi †Kvb Aš—M©Z ejv hvq|
kvLvi Aš—M©Z? hyw³mn gZvgZ `vI| 4
cò
26 bs cÖ‡kœi DËi ((( Rbve Avwi‡di cwiPvjbvaxb ÔB”QvÕ bvgK
( †Kv¤úvwbi Af¨š—ixY cwiPvjbv msµvš— cÖwZôvbwU exR †_‡K Pviv Drcv`b K‡i|
hveZxq wbqg-bxwZi `wjj‡KB cwi‡gj wbqgvewj cÖwZôvbwU‡Z cÖvq 100 cÖRvwZi Pviv Drcv`b
e‡j| A Kiv nq| cÖwZôvbwU gybvdv AR©b‡K ¸i“Z¡ bv
( †h eëmv‡q D‡`¨v³viv g~jab wewb‡qvM K‡ib, w`‡q me©mvavi‡Yi Kj¨v‡Yi welqwU gv_vq †i‡L
wKš‘ gybvdv cÖvwßi cÖZ¨vkv K‡ib bv Zv‡K Drcvw`Z Pvivi `vg wba©viY K‡i| 2016 mv‡j
mvgvwRK eëmvq e‡j| A AwR©Z gybvdv gvwjK‡ì bv w`‡q cÖwZôv‡bi
G eëmv‡qi gva¨‡g g~jZ `vwi`ª¨ `~ixKiY I m¤úÖmvi‡Y AwZwi³ exR I Rwg µq K‡i|
mvgvwRK Dbœq‡bi KvR Kiv nq| GLv‡b [K·evRvi miKvwi K‡jR]
wewb‡qvMKvixiv ïay Zv‡ì wewb‡qvMK…Z A K. cÖZ¨¶ †mev Kx? 1
g~jab †diZ †bb| Avi Gi gybvdvi Ask A L. cybtißvwb evwYR¨ Kxfv‡e m¤úvw`Z nq?
wewb‡qvMK…Z cÖwZôv‡bi cÖmvi I Dbœq‡b D`vniYmn e¨vL¨v K‡iv| 2
e¨q Kiv nq| Gfv‡e G eëmvq A_©‰bwZK A M. DÏxc‡K ÒB”QvÓ-Gi Kg©KvÊ †Kvb wk‡íi
Dbœq‡bI Ae`vb iv‡L| Aš—M©Z? e¨vL¨v K‡iv| 3
A N. DÏxc‡K ewY©Z ÒB”QvÓ bvgK
( DÏxc‡Ki †`k evsjv‡K wb®‹vkb wkí ejv nq| A
cÖwZôvbwU‡K wK mvgvwRK eëmvq ejv
wb®‹vkb (Extrative) wk‡íi gva¨‡g cÖK…wZ cÖ`Ë
hvq? hyw³ `vI| 4
m¤ú` AvniY ev msMÖn Kiv nq| G wk‡í Drcvw`Z
c‡Yï wKQy wKQy mivmwi eënvi Kiv hvq| wKš‘
Gi AwaKvskB cieZ©x Drcv`‡bi Kv‡R eënvi nq| ( gybvdv AR©‡bi D‡Ï‡k¨ MÖvnK‡ì mivmwi
f‚Mf© †_‡K LwbR m¤ú` msMÖn, cÖvK…wZK †mev †Ìqv‡K cÖZ¨¶ †mev e‡j| A
M¨vm AvniY cÖf…wZ G wk‡íi D`vniY| mnvqK Z_¨....................................................................................................................
DÏxc‡Ki †`k evsjv GKwU wkí cÖwZôvb| GwU †hgb: Wv³vwi, IKvjwZ cÖf…wZ cÖZ¨¶ †mevi Aš—M©Z|
wÎgvwÎK f‚-K¤úb Rwic Pvwj‡q wK‡kviM‡Ä ( we‡`k †_‡K cY¨ Avg`vwb K‡i Zv Avevi Ab¨
GKwU M¨vm‡¶Î Avwe®‹vi K‡i| f‚Mf© †_‡K †`‡k ißvwb Kiv‡K cybtißvwb evwYR¨ e‡j| A
M¨vm AvniY K‡i Zv Avikx M¨vm †Kv¤úvwb‡K cybtißvwbi †¶‡Î cÖ_‡g cY¨ GK †`k †_‡K
mieivn K‡i| GLv‡b M¨vm †Kv¤úvwbwU cÖK… Avg`vwb K‡i wbR †`‡k Avbv nq| Gici Zv
cÖwµqvRvZ K‡i Ab¨ †`‡k cybivq ißvwb Kiv nq| G ÔLÕ jvB‡mÝ msµvš— RwUjZvq co‡jv| [Rvjvjvev`
ai‡bi evwY‡Rï Kvh©µg wZbwU †`‡ki g‡a¨ K¨v›Ub‡g›U cvewjK ¯‹zj GÛ K‡jR, wm‡jU]
msNwUZ nq| †hgb: fviZ †_‡K Pv Avg`vwb K‡i A K. we‡klvqY Kx? 1
c¨vwKs K‡i Zv wgqvbgv‡i ißvwb Kiv n‡jv| A L. eëmvq Kxfv‡e gvby‡li RxebhvÎvi gvb
Dbœqb K‡i? e¨vL¨v K‡iv| 2
( DÏxc‡K ÔB”QvÕ-Gi Kg©KvÊ cÖRbb wk‡íi Aš
A M. ÔKÕ †Kvb ai‡bi Dc‡hvM m„wó K‡i‡Qb?
—M©Z| A
e¨vL¨v K‡iv| 3
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A K. cÖZ¨¶ †mev Kx? 1
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A L. evwYR¨ ej‡Z Kx †evSvq? 2
weµq evov‡bv †h‡Z cv‡i|
((( ivRkvnx‡Z Rbve iv‡k‡ì GKwU Avg evMvb DÏxc‡Ki Rbve iv‡k` GKRb Av‡gi eëmvqx| wZwb
i‡q‡Q| Avg msMÖn Kivi ci wewfbœ Rv‡Zi ivRkvnx †_‡K Avg Uªv‡K K‡i †`‡ki wewfbœ
Avg‡K wewfbœ fv‡M fvM K‡i KvU©‡b fiv nq| RvqMvq weµ‡qi D‡Ï‡k¨ cvVvb| iv¯—vNv‡Ui
Gici Uªv‡K K‡i †`‡ki wewfbœ RvqMvq weµ‡qi Lvivc Ae¯’v, hvbRU, niZvj BZ¨vw` Kvi‡Y
D‡Ï‡k¨ †cÖiY K‡i| iv¯—vNv‡Ui †envj Ae¯’v, wewfbœ RvqMvq Avg mieivn Ki‡Z mgm¨v n‡”Q|
hvbhU, niZvj BZ¨vw` Kvi‡Y wewfbœ RvqMvq GLv‡b ¯’vbMZ evavi welqwU Dc¯’vcb Kiv
Avg mieivn evavMÖ¯— nq| n‡q‡Q|
[wK‡kviMÄ miKvwi gwnjv K‡jR] evwY‡Rï †¶‡Î ¯’vbMZ evav cÖvqB j¶¨ Kiv hvq|
A K. eëmvq Kx? 1 h_vh_ cwienb eë¯’vi gva¨‡g G evav `~i Kiv hvq|
A L. gybvdv‡K SzuwK MÖn‡Yi cyi¯‹vi ejv nq GRb¨ iv¯—vNvU DbœZ Ki‡Z n‡e, †hb mn‡RB
†Kb? 2 wba©vwiZ mg‡qi g‡a¨ cY¨ †cuŠQv‡bv hvq|
A M. KvU©‡b Avg fivi Av‡M Rbve iv‡k` †Kvb GQvov niZvj, Ae‡iv‡ai g‡Zv Aw¯’wZkxjZv `~i
KvRwU K‡ib? e¨vL¨v K‡iv| 3 Ki‡Z n‡e, hv‡Z cY¨ mieivn eÜ bv nq| Gfv‡e
A N. wewfbœ RvqMvq Avg mieivn evavMÖ¯— DbœZ cwienb eë¯’vi gva¨‡g ¯’vbMZ evav `~i Kiv
n‡j †Kvb ai‡bi evavi m„wó nq? evav `~i hv‡e|
Kivi Dcvq wK n‡Z cv‡i e‡j Zzwg g‡b K‡iv ((( wg. gvgyb PvKwi †k‡l 10 jvL UvKv †c‡q‡Qb|
hyw³ `vI| 4 GB UvKvi †hb ¶wZ bv nq G wel‡q wZwb mZK©|
32 bs cÖ‡kœi DËi Avevi G †_‡K wZwb wKQy Av‡qiI cÖZ¨vkv
( gybvdv AR©‡bi D‡Ï‡k¨ cY¨ I †mev Drcv`b, eÈb K‡ib| e¨vs‡K UvKv ivL‡j jvf Kg| ZvB wZwb Zvi
I Gi mnvqK hveZxq êa A_©‰bwZK KvR‡K cwiwPZ, mr I fv‡jv eëmvqx bvwRg mv‡ne‡K H
eëmvq e‡j| A A_© w`‡jb| ej‡jb jvf Kg †`b AvcwË †bB, Z‡e
¶wZi fvM wZwb †b‡eb bv| bvwRg mv‡ne
( eëmv‡qi †gvU Avq †_‡K LiP ev ¶wZ ev` w`‡j
eëmvqwU evov‡eb e‡j ZviI UvKvi cÖ‡qvRb wQj|
hv Aewkó _v‡K Zv‡K gybvdv e‡j| A
eÅemvq msMVb 1g
eZ©gv‡b wg. gvgyb fv‡jvB jvf cv‡”Qb| Avevi
eëmv‡qi gyL¨ D‡Ïk¨ n‡jv gybvdv AR©b| GKRb
bvwRg mv‡n‡ei G‡Z myweav n‡q‡Q| [VvKziMuvI
eëmvqxi Avq gybvdv AR©‡bi mvg‡_©ï Ici miKvwi K‡jR]
wbf©ikxj| gybvdv n‡e a‡i wb‡q eëmvqx eëmvq A K. eëmvq Kx? 1
cò
Ki‡jI G‡Z SzuwK ev AwbðqZv _v‡K| †hgb: g~j¨ A L. eëmv‡qi cY¨ eÈbKvix kvLv †KvbwU?
K‡g hvIqv, cY¨ bó nIqv, Pvwn`v K‡g hvIqv cÖf… e¨vL¨v K‡iv| 2
wZ| GB SzuwK Qvov eëmvq Kiv hvq bv| SzuwK A M. †Kvb êwk‡óï Afv‡e DÏxc‡Ki wg.
†ewk n‡j gybvdvi cwigvYI †ewk nIqvi m¤¢vebv gvgyb‡K eëmvqx ejv hv‡e bv? e¨vL¨v
_v‡K| ZvB gybvdv‡K SzuwK MÖn‡Yi cyi¯‹vi ejv K‡iv| 3
nq| A N. bvwRg mv‡n‡ei eëmvwqK KvRwU
( DÏxc‡K KvU©‡b Avg fivi Av‡M Rbve iv‡k` A_©ms¯’v‡bi mv‡_ m¤úK©hy³ DÏxc‡Ki
ch©vwqZKiY KvRwU K‡ib| A Av‡jv‡K e³‡eï h_v_©Zv we‡klY K‡iv| 4
ch©vwqZKi‡Yi gva¨‡g wba©vwiZ gvb Abyhvqx 33 bs cÖ‡kœi DËi
cY¨‡K wefvRb Kiv nq| G‡¶‡Î cY¨‡K wewfbœ ( gybvdv AR©‡bi D‡Ï‡k¨ cY¨ I †mev Drcv`b, eÈb
AvKvi Abyhvqx wef³ K‡i Avjv`v Avjv`v fv‡M I Gi mnvqK hveZxq êa A_©‰bwZK KvR‡K
mvRv‡bv nq| d‡j cY¨ evRviRvZKi‡Yi †¶‡Î eëmvq e‡j| A
myweav nq| MÖvnKivI mn‡RB cÖ‡qvRbxq cY¨
msMÖn Ki‡Z cv‡i| ( eëmv‡qi cY¨ eÈbKvix kvLv n‡jv evwYR¨| A
DÏxc‡Ki Rbve iv‡k` ivRkvnxi GKRb Avg wk‡í Drcvw`Z cY¨ Drcv`K †_‡K cÖK…Z
eëmvqx| wZwb Zvi Avg evMvb †_‡K Avg †fvMKvixi Kv‡Q †cuŠQv‡bvi KvR evwY‡Rï
msMÖn K‡i cÖ_‡g RvZ Abyhvqx Avg¸‡jv Avjv`v gva¨‡g Kiv nq| G‡¶‡Î cÖv_wgK wk‡í Drcvw`Z
K‡ib| Gici Gi AvKvi Abyhvqx wewfbœ fv‡M fvM KuvPvgvj gva¨wgK wk‡í mieivn nq| Avi gva¨wgK
K‡ib| G KvRwU ch©vwqZKiY êwk‡óï mv‡_ wk‡í Drcvw`Z cY¨ cÖK…Z †fvMKvixi Kv‡Q eÈb
msMwZc~Y©| ZvB ejv hvq, KvU©‡b Avg fivi Kiv nq| ZvB G‡K eëmv‡qi cY¨ eÈbKvix kvLv ejv
Av‡M Rbve iv‡k` ch©vwqZKiY KvRwU K‡ib| nq|
( wewfbœ RvqMvq Avg mieivn evavMÖ¯— n‡j ( SzuwK wb‡Z B”QzK bq e‡j wg. gvgyb‡K
¯’vbMZ cÖwZeÜKZv m„wó nq, hv cwien‡bi eëmvqx ejv hv‡e bv| A
gva¨‡g `~i Kiv hvq e‡j Avwg g‡b Kwi| A SzuwK n‡jv Avw_©K ¶wZi Avk¼v| eëmv‡q
Drcv`K †_‡K †fv³vi Kv‡Q cY¨ †cuŠQv‡bvi Rb¨ cÖZ¨vkv Abyhvqx mewKQy NU‡e Ggb bv| cY¨ bó
cwienb gva¨gwU eën„Z nq| Gi gva¨‡g c‡Yï
nIqv, Pvwn`v n«vm cvIqv, g~j¨ K‡g hvIqv cÖf…
¯’vbMZ Dc‡hvM m„wó nq| G eë¯’v fv‡jv bv n‡j
wZ Kvi‡Y eëmv‡q †jvKmvb nIqvi SuywK i‡q‡Q|
evwY‡Rï KvR evavMÖ¯— nq|
G SuywK bv wb‡j eëmvq Kiv hvq bv| GRb¨ Kvh©Ki f‚wgKv ivL‡Z cv‡i wK bv? DË‡ii
eëmv‡qi mv‡_ SzuwK IZ‡cÖvZfv‡e RwoZ| †hŠw³KZv e¨vL¨v K‡iv| 4
DÏxc‡Ki wg. gvgyb PvKwi †k‡l 10 jvL UvKv 34 bs cÖ‡kœi DËi
†cbkb †c‡q‡Qb| GB UvKvi hv‡Z ¶wZ bv nq G ( †Kvb wRwb‡mi Afve c~i‡Yi ¶gZv‡K Dc‡hvM
wel‡q wZwb mZK©| Avevi wZwb cÖvß 10 jvL e‡j| A
UvKv †_‡K wKQy AvqI cÖZ¨vkv K‡ib| ZvB ( cÖK…wZ †_‡K m¤ú` Drcv`b I AvniY msµvš—
wZwb cwiwPZ, mr I fv‡jv eëmvqx bvwRg hveZxq Kvh©cÖ‡PóvB n‡jv cÖv_wgK wkí| A
mv‡ne‡K UvKvUv w`‡jb| G‡Z kZ© n‡jv jvf Kg G wkí eûjvs‡kB cÖK…wZ ev A`„k¨ kw³i Ici
w`‡jI ¶wZi fvM wZwb wb‡eb bv| GLv‡b bvwRg wbf©ikxj| cÖK…wZMZfv‡eB G wk‡íi cÖmvi
mv‡n‡ei eëmv‡q ¶wZ n‡j Zvi `vq wg. gvgy‡bi Ici N‡U| G wk‡í gvbexq cÖ‡Póvi f‚wgKv LyeB Kg|
co‡e bv| wZwb SuywKgy³| Avi ‡Kv‡bv Kv‡R Pvlvev`, cï-cvwL jvjbcvjb, LwbR m¤ú` D‡Ëvjb,
SuywK bv _vK‡j Zv‡K eëmvq ejv hv‡e bv| ZvB grm¨ AvniY BZ¨vw` cÖv_wgK wk‡íi Aš—fz©³|
ejv hvq, SzuwKi Afv‡e wg. gvgyb‡K eëmvqx ejv ( DÏxc‡Ki Wjwdb wj. ms‡hvRb wk‡íi mv‡_
hv‡e bv| m¤ú„³| A
( DÏxc‡K bvwRg mv‡n‡ei eëmvwqK KvRwU G wk‡íi gva¨‡g Ab¨ wk‡í Drcvw`Z DcKiY ev Ask
A_©ms¯’v‡bi mv‡_ m¤ú„³ - e³e¨wU †hŠw³K| A we‡kl¸‡jv GKwÎZ Kiv nq| Gici GKwU m¤ú~Y©
A_©ms¯’vb n‡”Q cÖwZôv‡bi cÖ‡qvRb Abyhvqx bZzb cY¨ eënvi Dc‡hvMx K‡i ˆZwi Kiv nq|
Dchy³ Drm †_‡K A_© msMÖn I Zv Kv‡R wegvb, RvnvR, †gvUiMvwo, †Uwjwfkb cÖf…wZ
jvMv‡bvi †Póv| †h‡Kv‡bv eëmvq cwiPvjbv Ki‡Z ˆZwii KvR G wk‡íi Aš—M©Z|
A_© cÖ‡qvRb| eëmvqx e¨w³MZ mÂq I Avw_©K DÏxc‡Ki Wjwdb wj. G B‡jKUªwbKm mvgMÖx
cÖwZôvb †_‡K G A_© msMÖn Ki‡Z cv‡ib| Avevi Drcv`b Kiv nq| cÖwZôvbwU Pxb, Rvcvb I
eÜy-evÜe, AvÍxq-¯^Rb‡ì KvQ †_‡K avi wn‡m‡eI †Kvwiqv †_‡K Gi DcKiY msMÖn K‡i| cieZ©x‡Z
G¸‡jv wbR¯^ KviLvbvq GKwÎZ K‡i| Gfv‡e G¸‡jvi
eÅemvq msMVb 1g
A_© wb‡Z cv‡ib|

mvnv‡h¨ c~Y©v½ cY¨ †Uwjwfkb, wd«R,
DÏxc‡K bvwRg mv‡ne GKRb eëmvqx| wZwb †gvUimvB‡Kj Drcv`b K‡i weµq K‡i| A_©vr,
fve‡Qb Zvi eëmvqUv evov‡eb| GRb¨ A‡_©i gvby‡li eënvi Dc‡hvMx c‡Y¨ cÖ¯‘Z K‡i| Gme
cò
cÖ‡qvRb| ZvB wZwb wg. gvgy‡bi KvQ †_‡K 10 KvR ms‡hvRb wk‡íi Kv‡Ri mv‡_ mvgÄm¨c~Y©|
jvL UvKv wb‡q eëmvq evov‡bvi KvR Ki‡Qb| ZvB ejv hvq, Wjwdb wj. ms‡hvRb wk‡íi mv‡_
Z‡e G‡¶‡Î wg. gvgyb‡K jvf w`‡Z n‡e| m¤ú„³|
eëmvq ïi“ Ges Zv evov‡bvi Rb¨ cÖ‡qvRb g~jab| ( DÏxc‡K Wjwdb wj. ê‡`wkK evwY‡Rï
cÖ‡qvRbxq g~jab msMÖn Kiv †M‡j eëmvq cybtißvwb Kv‡Ri mv‡_ hy³ n‡q‡Q; hv A_©
evov‡bv mnR nq| DÏxc‡Ki bvwRg mv‡ne wg. ‰bwZK Dbœq‡b Kvh©Ki f‚wgKv ivL‡Z cv‡i e‡j
gvgy‡bi KvQ †_‡K A_© msMª‡ni gva¨‡g g~ja‡bi Avwg g‡b Kwi| A
eë¯’v K‡i‡Qb| d‡j Zvi eëmvq evov‡bvi KvR cybtißvwb evwY‡R¨ we‡`k †_‡K cY¨ wbR †`‡k
mnR n‡q‡Q| Zvi G KvRwU A_©ms¯’v‡bi mv‡_ Avg`vwbi ci cÖwµqvKiY K‡i Ab¨ †`‡k ißvwb Kiv
m¤ú„³| nq| G ai‡bi evwYR¨ Kgc‡¶ wZbwU †`‡ki g‡a¨
msNwUZ nq|
((( Wjwdb wj. G B‡jKUªwbKm mvgMÖx Drcv`b DÏxc‡K Wjwdb wj. B‡jKUªwbKm mvgMÖx ˆZwii
Kiv nq| cÖwZôvbwU Pxb, Rvcvb I †Kvwiqv †_‡K Rb¨ Pxb, Rvcvb I †Kvwiqv †_‡K Gi DcKiY
DcKiY msMÖn K‡i| cieZ©x‡Z DcKiY¸‡jvi Avg`vwb K‡i| G¸‡jv cÖwµqvRvZ K‡i †Uwjwfkb,
mvnv‡h¨ wbR¯^ KviLvbvq †Uwjwfkb, wd«R, wd«R, †gvUimvB‡Kj cÖ¯‘Z Kiv nq| Drcvw`Z
†gvUimvB‡Kj Drcv`b K‡i †`‡ki ¸i“Z¡c~Y© kn‡i Gme bZzb cY¨ wbR †`‡k weµ‡qi cvkvcvwk †bcvj,
†kvi“g ¯’vc‡bi gva¨‡g weµ‡qi eë¯’v K‡i| fzUvb, cvwK¯—vb cÖf…wZ †`‡k weµq K‡i|
m¤úÖwZ cÖwZôvbwU Zv‡ì Drcvw`Z cY¨ †bcvj, Gfv‡e †`k¸‡jvi g‡a¨ ê‡`wkK evwYR¨ msNwUZ
fzUvb, cvwK¯—vbmn ga¨cÖv‡Pï wewfbœ †`‡k n‡q‡Q; hv cybtißvwb Kv‡Ri mv‡_ wg‡j hvq|
weµ‡qi eë¯’v K‡i‡Q| [ †bvqvLvjx miKvwi gwnjv K‡jR] cybtißvwbi gva¨‡g Ab¨ †`‡k cY¨ weµq Kiv nq| d‡j
A K. Dc‡hvM Kx? 1 cÖPzi ê‡`wkK gy`ªv AR©b Kiv hvq| GwU A_©
A L. cÖv_wgK wkí ej‡Z Kx †evSvq? 2 ‰bwZK cÖe„w×i nvi evovq| GQvov cybt ißvwbi
A M. Wjwdb wj. †Kvb cÖKv‡ii Drcv`b wk‡íi gva¨‡g Avg`vwbKviK †`‡ki mv‡_ eëmvwqK
mv‡_ m¤ú„³? e¨vL¨v K‡iv| 3 m¤úK© ˆZwi nq| Gi d‡j eëmv-evwY‡Rï cwiwa
A N. Wjwdb wj. †h ai‡bi ê‡`wkK evwY‡R¨ hy³ ev‡o| myZivs, Wjwdb wj. Gi D³ cybtißvwb
n‡q‡Q Zv †`‡ki A_©‰bwZK Dbœq‡b evwYR¨ A_©‰bwZK Dbœq‡b Kvh©Ki f‚wgKv
ivL‡Z cv‡i e‡j Avwg g‡b Kwi|
DÏxc‡K wgm wbkvZ GKRb ¯^bvgab¨ Wv³vi|
((( wgm wbkvZ GKRb ¯^bvgab¨ Wv³vi| wZwb wZwb Mwie I Amnvq †ivMx‡ì K_v wPš—v
K‡qKRb †kqvi‡nvìvi wb‡q AvaywbK hš¿cvwZ K‡ib| Gici Zv‡ì wd« wPwKrmv †Ìqvi Rb¨ GKwU
ms¯’vcb K‡i GKwU nvmcvZvj cÖwZôv K‡i‡Qb| `vZe¨ cÖwZôvb cÖwZôv K‡i‡Qb| A_©vr wZwb
Zvi cÖwZwôZ nvmcvZvjwU Aí w`‡bi g‡a¨B †ek gybvdv AR©‡bi Rb¨ GwU cwiPvjbv Ki‡Qb bv|
jvfRbK cÖwZôv‡b cwiYZ n‡q‡Q| hwÌ Zv‡ì gvbe Kj¨vYB Gi g~j D‡Ïk¨| GwU GKwU
D‡Ïk¨ gybvdv AR©b bq| GQvovI wZwb Mwie Aeëmvqx cÖwZôvb|
Amnvq gvby‡li K_v wPš—v K‡i wd« wPwKrmv wgm wbkv‡Zi `vZe¨ cÖwZôvbwU m¤ú~Y©
cÖ`v‡bi Rb¨ GKwU `vZe¨ cÖwZôvbI cÖwZôv Agybvdv‡fvMx| cÖwZôvbwU †mev †Ìqvi
K‡i‡Qb| [miKvwi wRqv gwnjv K‡jR, †dbx] wewbg‡q †Kv‡bv A_© †bq bv| GwU gybvdv
A K. wb®‹vkb wkí Kx? 1 AR©b K‡i bv| eis mgv‡Ri Amnvq gvby‡li Kj¨v‡Y
A L. evwYR¨‡K cY¨ eÈYKvix kvLv ejv nq †Kb? KvR Ki‡Q| myZivs D³ cÖwZôv‡bi gva¨‡g
2 eëmv‡qi mvgvwRK `vwqZ¡ cvjb Kiv n‡”Q e‡j
A M. wgm wbkv‡Zi nvmcvZvjwU eëmv‡qi Avwg g‡b Kwi|
†Kvb kvLvi Aš—M©Z? e¨vL¨v K‡iv| 3
A N. `vZe¨ cÖwZôvb cÖwZôvi gva¨‡g wgm ((( Gj. Gj. Gg cvm Kivi ci Rbve gwZb A‡bï
wbkvZ eëmv‡qi †h `vwqZ¡ cjb K‡i‡Qb Aaxb¯’ bv n‡q GKwU ÔwjM¨vj GBWÕ dvg©
Zvi h_v_©Zv g~j¨vqb K‡iv| 4 MVb K‡ib| cÖwZôvbwU †ewk cwiwPZ bv nIqvq
35 bs cÖ‡kœi DËi MÖvnK msL¨v LyeB Kg| Aí w`‡bB wewfbœ
gvgjvq MÖvnK‡ì cÖZ¨vkv c~i‡Y m¶g n‡jI
( †h wk‡íi gva¨‡g f‚Mf©, cvwb ev evqy †_‡K ¯’vbxq ch©v‡qi A‡b‡KB Zv AeMZ bb| Gi d‡j
cÖvK…wZK m¤ú` AvniY Kiv nq Zv‡K wb®‹vkb wZwb eëmv‡qi Kvh©µg Pvjv‡Z wM‡q bvbv
wkí e‡j| †hgb: b`x †_‡K grm¨ AvniY| A mgm¨vi m¤§yLxb n‡”Qb| [K¨v›Ub‡g›U K‡jR, h‡kvi]
( Drcv`K †_‡K cY¨ †fv³vi Kv‡Q †cuŠQv‡bvi A K. eëmvq Kx? 1
eÅemvq msMVb 1g
KvR‡K evwYR¨ e‡j| A A L. wb®‹vkb wkí ej‡Z Kx †evS? 2
wk‡í Drcvw`Z cY¨ evwY‡Rï wewfbœ Kv‡Ri (µq, A M. DÏxc‡K DwjwLZ ÔwjM¨vj GBWÕ-Gi
weµq, cwienb, weÁvcb) gva¨‡g †fv³vi Kv‡Q KvRwU eëmv‡qi †Kvb kvLvi Aš—M©Z?
cò
†cuŠQv‡bv nq| GwU cY¨ eÈ‡bi mv‡_B RwoZ| eY©bv K‡iv| 3
ZvB evwYwR¨‡K eëmv‡qi cY¨ eÈbKvix kvLv ejv A N. DÏxc‡K DwjwLZ cÖwZôvbwUi D³
nq| cwiw¯’wZ †_‡K DËi‡Yi Dcvq Kx e‡j
( DÏxc‡Ki wgm wbkv‡Zi nvmcvZvjwU eëmv‡qi Zzwg g‡b K‡iv? †Zvgvi g‡Zi c‡¶ hyw³ `vI|
cÖZ¨¶ †mev kvLvi Aš—M©Z| A 4
cÖZ¨¶ †mevi gva¨‡g MÖvnK‡ì mivmwi †mev 36 bs cÖ‡kœi DËi
†Ìqv nq| G †mev †`Lv ev ¯úk© Kiv hvq bv| wKš‘ ( gybvdv AR©‡bi D‡Ï‡k¨ cY¨ I †mev Drcv`b, eÈb
Zv gvb“‡li cÖ‡qvRb c~iY Ki‡Z cv‡i| Gi wewbg‡q I Gi mnvqK hveZxq êa A_©‰bwZK KvR‡K
wd w`‡Z nq| †hgb Wv³vwi, IKvjwZ|
eëmvq e‡j| A
DÏxc‡K wgm wbkvZ GKRb ¯^bvgab¨ Wv³vi|
wZwb K‡qKRb †kqvi‡nvìvi wb‡q GKwU ( †h wk‡íi gva¨‡g cÖK…wZ cÖ`Ë m¤ú` AvniY ev
nvmcvZvj cÖwZôv K‡i‡Qb| GLv‡b wZwb msMÖn Kiv nq Zv‡K wb®‹vkb wkí e‡j| A
†ivMx‡ì †mev w`‡q Gi wewbg‡q A_© DcvR©b G wk‡í Drcvw`Z c‡Yï wKQy mivmwi †fv‡Mi Rb¨
K‡ib| †ivMxiv wPwKrmv †mev †c‡q DcK…Z eënvi Kiv hvq| Avi AwaKvskB cieZ©x Drcv`‡bi
n‡”Q| RbM‡Yi ¯^v¯’¨ †mev †ÌqvB G cÖwZôv‡bi Kv‡R jvMv‡bv nq| f‚Mf© †_‡K LwbR msMÖn,
D‡Ïk¨| †mevi cvkvcvwk nvmcvZvj KZ©„c¶
cÖvK…wZK M¨vm AvniY cÖf…wZ G wk‡íi
gybvdvI AR©b Ki‡Q| Gme êwkó¨ cÖZ¨¶ †mevi
mv‡_ mvgÄm¨c~Y©| ZvB ejv hvq, wgm wbkv‡Zi D`vniY|
nvmcvZvjwUi KvR cÖZ¨¶ †meviB Aš—fz©³| ( DÏxc‡K DwjwLZ ÔwjM¨vj GBWÕ-Gi KvRwU
( DÏxc‡Ki wgm wbkvZ `vZe¨ cÖwZôvb ¯’vc‡bi eëmv‡qi cÖZ¨¶ †mev kvLvi Aš—M©Z| A
gva¨‡g eëmv‡qi mvgvwRK `vwqZ¡ cvjb K‡i‡Qb cÖZ¨¶ †mevq MÖvnK‡ì mivmwi †mev †Ìqvi
e‡j Avwg g‡b Kwi| A gva¨‡g A_© DcvR©b Kiv nq| GwU †`Lv hvq bv
mvaviYZ gybvdv AR©‡bi Rb¨ eëmvq cwiPvjbv ev ¯úk©I Kiv hvq bv| wKš‘ gvby‡li cÖ‡qvRb
Kiv nq| wKš‘ †Kv‡bv †mevKg© †_‡K gybvdv †gUv‡Z GwU m¶g| Wv³vwi, AwWU dvg©,
AR©b bv Ki‡j Zv gvbeKj¨vYg~jK ev Aeëmvqx IKvjwZ cÖf…wZ cÖZ¨¶ †mevi Aš—M©Z|
cÖwZôvb wn‡m‡e we‡ewPZ nq| G ai‡bi eëmv‡qi
DÏxc‡K Rbve gwZb Gj. Gj. Gg cvm K‡i GKwU
cÖavb D‡Ïk¨B _v‡K `wi`ª gvby‡li Kj¨v‡Y KvR
Kiv ev Zv‡ì Dbœqb Kiv| ÔwjM¨vj GBWÕ dvg© MVb K‡ib| wZwb Aí
w`‡bB gvgjvq MÖvnK‡ì cÖZ¨vkv c~i‡Y m¶g nb| A N. DÏxc‡K ivZzj PvKwi bv K‡i eëmvq Kivi
G Kv‡Ri gva¨‡g wZwb MÖvnK‡ì mivmwi wm×vš— †bIqvi mc‡¶ †Zvgvi gZvgZ
AvBwb mnvqZv w`‡”Qb| Gi wewbg‡q wZwb cÖ`vb K‡iv| 4
†mev wd wn‡m‡e A_© DcvR©b Ki‡Qb| Gme 37 bs cÖ‡kœi DËi
KvR cÖZ¨¶ †mev eëmv‡qi mv‡_ mvgÄm¨c~Y©| ( eëmvqx gybvdv AR©‡bi Avkvq SuywK MÖnY
ZvB ejv hvq, ÔwjM¨vj GBWÕ-Gi KvR cÖZ¨¶ K‡i| A
†mevi Aš—M©Z| ( mgvR I mgvR mswkó c¶mg~‡ni cÖwZ eëmv‡qi
( DÏxc‡K DwjwLZ cÖwZôv‡bi D³ cwiw¯’wZ KZ©e¨ cvj‡bi `vqB n‡jv eëmv‡qi mvgvwRK
†_‡K DËi‡Yi Dcvq n‡jv evRviRvZKiY cÖmv‡ii `vwqZ¡| A
eë¯’v Kiv| A Drcv`K, mieivnKvix, †fv³v, miKvi, ga¨¯’ eëmvqx
cÖf…wZ c‡¶i mgwóB n‡jv mgvR| Gme c‡¶i
evRviRvZKiY cÖmvi cY¨ ev †mevi eª¨vÛ
cÖwZ eëmvq‡K `vwqZ¡ cvjb Ki‡Z nq| Gi gva¨‡g
m¤ú‡K© MÖvnK‡ì g‡a¨ AvMÖn m„wó K‡i| d‡j
mgv‡Ri gvby‡li Kv‡Q cwiwPwZ ev‡o| d‡j
weµq ev‡o| GwU eëmv‡qi †¶‡Î c‡Yï cÖPviMZ
eëmv‡qi mybvg ev‡o|
evav `~i K‡i| weÁvcb, weµq cÖmvi, e¨w³K weµq,
( DÏxc‡Ki ivZz‡ji eëmvqwU‡K cÖRbb wkí ejv
cÖPvi BZ¨vw` evRviRvZKiY cÖmv‡ii Aš—M©Z|
hvq| A
DÏxc‡K Rbve gwZb Gj.Gj. Gg cvm K‡i ÔwjM¨vj
cÖRbb wk‡í Dw™¢` I cÖvwYi eske„w× cÖwµqvi
GBWÕ bv‡g GKwU dvg© MVb K‡ib| gva¨‡g Drcv`b KvR cwiPvwjZ nq| cÖvK…wZK
cÖwZôvbwUi gva¨‡g wZwb Aí w`‡bB wewfbœ Dcv‡q MvQcvjv I cÖvwYi eskwe¯—vi Kiv G
gvgjvq MÖvnK‡ì cÖZ¨vkv c~i‡Y m¶g nb| wKš‘ wk‡íi cÖavb KvR| bvm©vwi, †cvjwUª dvg©,
GwU bZzb cÖwZwôZ e‡j GjvKvi A‡b‡KB Gi n¨vPvwi cÖf…wZ G wk‡íi D`vniY|
e¨vcv‡i Rv‡b bv| d‡j Zvi MÖvnK msL¨vI Lye Kg| DÏxc‡Ki ivZzj cÖwk¶Y wb‡q wbR evwo‡Z
eÅemvq msMVb 1g
G Ae¯’vq Rbve gwZb‡K evRviRvZKiY cÖmv‡ii GKwU nuvm-gyiwMi Lvgvi M‡o †Zv‡jb| GLv‡b
ch©vß eë¯’v Ki‡Z n‡e| GRb¨ wZwb wej‡evW©, wZwb nuvm-gyiwM jvjb-cvj‡bi gva¨‡g eo K‡ib|
†cv÷vi, e¨vbvi, cÖPvi cÖf…wZ †KŠkj MÖnY G¸‡jv †_‡K wWg I nuvm-gyiwMi ev”Pv cvIqv
cò
Ki‡Z cv‡ib| G‡Z dvg©wU gvby‡li Kv‡Q AwaK hvq| Lvgv‡ii wWg Dc‡Rjv m`‡i wewµ K‡i wZwb
cwiwPwZ cv‡e| Gi mvdj¨ I Zvi K…wZ‡Z¡i e¨vcv‡i cÖPzi gybvdv AR©b K‡ib| Gfv‡e nuvm I gyiwMi
mevB Rvb‡Z cvi‡e| cvkvcvwk mybvgI cÖwZwôZ esk e„w× Kwi‡q Zv cybivq Drcv`b Kv‡R wZwb
n‡e| d‡j Zvi KvQ †_‡K AvBwb †mev wb‡Z eënvi Ki‡Qb| Gme êwkó¨ cÖRbb wk‡íi mv‡_
dv‡g©i MÖvnK msL¨v evo‡e| Gfv‡eB Rbve mvgÄm¨c~Y©| myZivs, DÏxc‡K ivZz‡ji
eëmvq‡K cÖRbb wkí ejv hvq|
gwZ‡bi cÖwZôv‡bi eZ©gvb mgm¨v mgvavb Kiv
†h‡Z cv‡i e‡j Avwg g‡b Kwi| ( DÏxc‡Ki ivZz‡ji PvKwi bv K‡i eëmvq Kivi
wm×vš—‡K Avwg †hŠw³K g‡b Kwi| A
((( wkw¶Z hyeK ivZzj cQ‡›ì PvKwi bv †c‡q gybvdv AR©‡bi Rb¨ gvbyl eëmvq cwiPvjbv K‡i|
G Kv‡R SuywK wb‡Z nq| SzuwKi g‡aÏ cwikÖg
Ae‡k‡l eëmvq Kivi wm×vš— †bb| G j‡¶¨ †m hye
K‡i eëmvq †_‡K AwaK gybvdv AR©b Kiv hvq|
cÖwk¶Y †K›`ª †_‡K cÖwk¶Y wb‡q wbR MÖv‡gi
hv PvKwii gva¨‡g m¤¢e bv| GRb¨ eZ©gv‡b
evwo‡Z GKwU nuvm-gyiwMi Lvgvi M‡o †Zv‡jb| PvKwii †P‡q eëmv‡qi cÖwZ gvby‡li AvMÖn
Lvgv‡ii wWg Dc‡Rjv m`‡i wewµ K‡i wZwb evo‡Q|
cÖPzi gybvdv AR©b K‡ib| Lvgv‡ii cwiwa evovq DÏxc‡K ivZzj PvKwi bv †c‡jI †eKvi e‡m
wZbRb Kg©PvixI wb‡qvM †`b| Avw_©K I _v‡Kbwb| wZwb cÖwk¶Y wb‡q GKwU Lvgvi
mvgvwRKfv‡e ivZzj GLb ¯^vej¤^x Ges GKRb cÖwZôv K‡ib| Lvgvi †_‡K cÖPzi gybvdvI AR©b
mdj eëmvqx| [ei¸bv miKvwi K‡jR] K‡ib| Lvgv‡ii cwiwaI evovb| Gfv‡e wZwb
A K. eëmvqx wK‡mi Avkvq SuzwK MÖnY ¯^vej¤^x n‡q‡Qb|
K‡i? 1 ivZzj PvKwi bv K‡i eëmvq Kivi †hŠw³K wm×vš
A L. eëmv‡qi mvgvwRK `vwqZ¡ ej‡Z Kx — wb‡qwQ‡jb| Zvi eëmv‡qi cwiwa evov‡bvi
†evSvq? 2 mv‡_ mv‡_ GLv‡b Kg©Pvix wb‡qvM †`b| d‡j
A M. ivZz‡ji eëmvqwU‡K Kx wkí ejv hvq? †eKvi gvby‡li Kv‡Ri eë¯’v nq| ZviI gybvdv
e¨vL¨v K‡iv| 3 evo‡Z _v‡K| Gfv‡e wZwb A_©‰bwZK I
mvgvwRK Dbœq‡b Ae`vb ivL‡Qb| wZwb PvKwi
Ki‡j mgv‡R Ggb Ae`vb ivL‡Z cvi‡Zb bv| myZivs,
DÏxc‡K ivZz‡ji PvKwi bv K‡i eëmv‡qi wm×vš— wewfbœ K‡j‡Ri wbe©vPwb cix¶vi
†bIqv †hŠw³K n‡q‡Q| Aa¨vqwfwËK AviI cÖ‡kœvË‡ii Rb¨ wb‡Pi I‡qe
A¨v‡WªmwU UvBc K‡iv
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eÅemvq msMVb 1g
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2 Bom1 ME Test Que - Ans 1

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eÅemvq msMVb I eÅeÕ©vcbv: cÉ^g cò  evQvBK‡Z ˆmiv gvGbi cÉk² I Dîi: m†Rbkxj iPbvgƒjK 11

evQvBK…Z †miv gv‡bi

K‡ib Ges cieZ©x‡Z wewfbœ fv‡M fvM K‡i e¯—v

wm×vš— †bb| A_©vr wZwb Avg`vwbK…Z cY¨

A L. evwY‡R¨i mvgvwRK ¸i“Z¡ e¨vL¨v K‡iv| 2

( DÏxc‡K Rbve kvgxg‡`i cÖwZwôZ e¨emvqwU

Aš—M©Z| evwYwR¨K wKš‘ D‡Ïk¨ n‡e mvgvwRK|

A_© wb‡Z cv‡ib|

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