Theory CHP 7 Pressure
Theory CHP 7 Pressure
Theory CHP 7 Pressure
1 A rectangular container has a base of dimensions 0.12 m × 0.16 m. The container is filled with a
liquid. The mass of the liquid in the container is 4.8 kg.
(a) Calculate
weight = ...........................................................[1]
(ii) the pressure due to the liquid on the base of the container.
pressure = ...........................................................[2]
(b) Explain why the total pressure on the base of the container is greater than the value calculated
in (a)(ii).
...................................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................[1]
density = ...........................................................[2]
[Total: 6]
2 Fig. 2.1 shows a hollow metal cylinder containing air, floating in the sea.
surface
of sea air
1.8 m
1.2 m
seawater
bottom
Fig. 2.1
(a) The density of the metal used to make the cylinder is greater than the density of seawater.
...................................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................[1]
(b) The cylinder has a length of 1.8 m. It floats with 1.2 m submerged in the sea. The bottom of
the cylinder has an area of cross-section of 0.80 m2.
The density of seawater is 1020 kg / m3. Calculate the force exerted on the bottom of the
cylinder due to the depth of the seawater.
force = ...........................................................[4]
weight = ...............................................................
explanation ...............................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................
[2]
[Total: 7]
3 A flask contains gas with a pressure lower than atmospheric pressure.
Fig. 3.1 shows equipment being used to measure the pressure of the gas in the flask.
atmospheric
pressure
A
flask
280 mm
B
gas
mercury
Fig. 3.1
(a) State the name of the equipment shown in Fig. 3.1 that is used to measure the pressure of
the gas.
.............................................................................................................................................. [1]
The distance between mercury level A and mercury level B is 280 mm.
(c) The flask is cooled. Describe the effect, if any, the cooling has on
[Total: 4]
4 (a) Fig. 4.1 shows liquid in a cylinder.
cylinder
liquid
Fig. 4.1
The depth of the liquid is 10 cm and the radius of the cylinder is 3.0 cm. The weight of the
liquid in the cylinder is 2.5 N.
density = ...........................................................[3]
(b) Fig. 4.2 shows a device that measures the pressure of a gas supply.
gas supply
liquid
Fig. 4.2
Calculate the difference between the pressure of the gas and atmospheric pressure.
(iii) A similar device with a tube of smaller cross-sectional area is connected to a gas supply
at the same pressure.
...........................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................[2]
[Total: 8]
MCQ Answers
5 (a) Fig 2.1 shows liquid in a cylinder.
cylinder
liquid
Fig. 2.1
Table 2.1 gives some data about the cylinder and the liquid.
Table 2.1
The cylinder containing liquid is placed on a digital balance that displays the mass in kg.
gas supply
glass tube
liquid 50 mm
Fig. 2.2
(ii) The pressure of the gas is 400 Pa greater than atmospheric pressure.
density = ...........................................................[2]
(iii) With the gas supply connected, the top of the tube on the left of the device is sealed
securely with a rubber stopper. The gas pressure is then increased.
...........................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................[2]
[Total: 9]
6 The density of mercury is 1.4 × 104 kg / m3.
(a) Fig. 3.1 shows an instrument that is being used to determine the atmospheric pressure.
space A
760 mm
mercury
.......................................................................................................................................[1]
.......................................................................................................................................[1]
(b) Fig. 3.2 shows mercury stored in a cylindrical glass jar of internal radius 4.0 cm. The depth of
mercury in the jar is 12 cm.
mercury
12 cm
8.0 cm
weight = ...........................................................[3]
[Total: 7]