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HEMATOLOGY ANSWER SHEET Halid

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20 views2 pages

HEMATOLOGY ANSWER SHEET Halid

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Matir ko
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Halid, Nurhaliza P.

BSMT-3B

ANSWER SHEET-HEMATOLOGY ACTIVITIES

TOPIC 1: ERYTHROPOIESIS

Activity 1- Write down 3 words that best describe red blood cell.

-Transport

-Blood

-Important

Activity 2- For better understanding , watch these videos and make a reflection.

Erythropoiesis

The first video tackles erythropoiesis, The process of producing RBCs, erythropoiesis, is covered in the
first video. Erythropoiesis is the process of erythrocyte development that starts in the bone marrow of
pluripotent stem cells, which then differentiate into erythrocyte specific stem-cells. I didn't fully
comprehend the audio, but from what I've heard and inferred from the speaker, erythropoiesis is the
process of erythrocyte development. Proerythroblast colonies produced by these cells are also
differentiated further. Erythroblasts cluster around a feeding macrophage in the centre to form an
island. A polychromatophyllic erythroblast then develops into an orthochromic erythroblast as the
basophilic erythroblast starts to manufacture haemoglobin. The cells throw their nuclei to the
macrophage before leaving the bone marrow and entering the bloodstream as reticulocytes. Following
the breakdown of the last organelles, the cells develop into fully developed biconcave erythrocytes.

Hemoglobin

I already knew that haemoglobin contributed to the red colour of the red blood cell, but after
watching the second video, I also learned that haemoglobin is made up of globin proteins and an iron
compound called haem that is found in RBC, and that it is involved in the transportation of oxygen
throughout the body. Since RBCs lack a nucleus, haemoglobin has more room, and there are about 300
million molecules of haemoglobin per RBC. each RBC with them. It can deliver oxygen with high
efficiency thanks to its quartenary structure, which is made up of four globin subunits, most frequently
two alpha and two beta subunits. Four molecules can bind to each haemoglobin molecule. one on each
heme of oxygen In the lungs where oxygen concentrations are high, oxygen binds to haemoglobin.
Because oxygen binding is a cooperative process, a conformational change in the protein that occurs
when an oxygen molecule links to one of the haem groups makes it simpler for oxygen to connect to the
other haem groups. The oxygen dissociation curve, which measures the concentration of oxygen, and
the percentage saturation of haemoglobin, which is depicted on the y-axis in the video, both emphasise
the cooperative binding mechanism of haemoglobin. A sigmoidal, or S-shaped, graph is displayed. Once
the oxygen has been loaded onto haemoglobin, the RBC transports it to the tissues throughout the body
where it is then unloaded.
TOPIC 2: ERYTHROCYTE SEDIMENTATION RATE (ESR) AND BLOOD CELL INDICES

Activity 1- Write down 3 words that best describe ESR and Blood Cell Indices.

-Inexpensive

-Detector

-Non - specific

Activity 2- For better understanding , watch this video and make a reflection.

Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate

Upon opening the link for ESR, I realized that the link was the same on the one provided in the
erythropoiesis. Since I already make a reflection about it, I proceeded to watch another video that
tackles specifically on erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR). The video I watched is from USMLE pass'
YouTube channel, and the video clearly visualize the increase and decrease of ESR. The speaker also
explained the factors on why it happens. According to the video, ESR or erythrocyte sedimentation rate
is a test used to indicate inflammation or other diseases. Increase ESR means that the blood on the tube
goes down very quickly. The factors of this happening could be: anemia, inflammation or infection,
cancer, ESRD, and pregnancy. Decrease ESR means that the blood is going to go down the tubes slower.
Factors that could decrease ESR can be: sickle cell anemia, polycythemia, heart failure, decrease
fibrinogen and microcytosis. I discovered that the link for ESR was identical to the one that was supplied
in the erythropoiesis. Since I had previously thought about it, I watched another video that deals with in
particular on ESR, or erythrocyte sedimentation rate. I watched a video from USMLE Pass' YouTube
channel, and it showed the rise in test scores very clearly. and a decline in ESR. The speaker also
discussed the contributing variables. The video claims that ESR or A test to detect inflammation or other
disorders is the erythrocyte sedimentation rate. A higher ESR indicates the blood in the tube is drained
fast. The following may contribute to this: anaemia, Cancer, ESRD, inflammatory or infectious disease,
and pregnancy. Reduced ESR indicates that the blood is going to go down the tubes slower. Factors that
could decrease ESR can be: sickle cell anemia, polycythemia, heart failure, decrease fibrinogen and
microcytosis.

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