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Topic: Egypt
Grammar Topic: Passive Voice vs active past
The pyramids are in Giza, Egypt

The official language is Arabic
● The pyramids are visited by around 14.7 million visitors every year.
● Cats were considered very special in ancient Egypt.
- Considering the current financial situation, I will buy a cheaper car.
● Many of ancient Egypt’s mysteries and secrets are still being studied by
Egyptologists and historians.
● Around the year 2550 BC, the pyramids of Giza were being built!
● Around 180 pyramids have been discovered in Egypt so far.
● Toothpaste had been invented in ancient Egypt, much long before the modern
toothpaste was invented by William Nebergall.
● Hopefully, more will be known in the future about how the ancient Egyptians
moved the giant blocks to build the pyramids.
● By the year 2050, most probably more pyramids will have been discovered.
future perfect tense
They all have v3, some of them have “have/ had been”, verb “to be”
Verb to be:
Simple present: is am are
Simple past: was were
Simple future: will won’t + be
Perfect tenses (present and past ): been
Why do we use the passive voice:
When we want to focus on the action, and the doer
When the action is performed generally
When the person doing the action is obvious
The doer is unknown

1- King Menes had united Egypt into one country. (simple past)
Egypt was united into one country by king Menes
It was King Menes who united egypt into one country (wrong, not passive)
2. The red sea brings some of the most productive, diverse and richest coral reefs in
the world.
subject: The red sea —> X or by the red sea
Verb: hosts → is hosted
Object: some of the most productive, diverse and richest coral reefs in the world.
some of the most productive, diverse and richest coral reefs in the world are hosted in the
red sea
usual sentence in English SVO
Passive voice sentence OV (and maybe by S)
3- We are still using many ancient Egyptian inventions, like sailboats, toothpastes,
ink, make-up, and door locks.
Many ancient Egyptian inventions, like sailboats, toothpastes, ink, make-up, and door locks
are still being used. (by us)
How do we know the tense of the passive sentence? we look to the verb “to be” that
is before the past participle.
Homework
The pyramids were built as a resting place and to protect the Kings and queens of
Egypt and other important people. Around 180 pyramids have been discovered in
Egypt so far, and the biggest one is the Great Pyramid of Giza. This was the tallest
building in the world for 3800 years until the Eiffel Tower was built. It was built for the
Pharaoh Khufu, and took 20 years to build, and 100,000 men! The pyramids of Giza
were built next to the River Nile, this was because it was easier for the builders to
move the large stones by boat and then they were pulled to the building area.
Scientists today are still not completely sure how the ancient Egyptians moved the
massive stones. Once a pyramid was finished it was covered with white stone and
gold was put on the top. In the bright Egyptian sunshine, the white and the gold would
have gleamed brightly.
The ancient Egyptian engineers planned the pyramids so that there were many rooms
and tunnels. It was thought that the pyramid rooms were for the pharaohs and all of
their valuables. The engineers knew that thieves would try to steal the gold and
jewels, so they made traps and false rooms. They put doors which opened onto a
wall. But it didn’t stop the thieves as many of the pyramids were robbed. Anyone who
tried to steal from the pyramids was immediately put to death.
The Egyptians believed that people would move on to another life, so they filled the
pyramids with many jewels, gold and even food. They thought that the pharaoh would
need these things in their next life. The body was cleaned and wrapped in bandages
to protect it and put into a stone case. They also have many of their things buried with
them and people drew beautiful pictures on the walls which told the story of their
lives. The ancient Egyptians used a language called ‘Hieroglyphics’ which was a
mixture of drawings and signs, so we can discover how these kings and Queens
lived.

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Topic: Egypt

Grammar Topic: Passive Voice vs active past

The pyramids are in Giza, Egypt

Simple present: is am are

Simple past: was were

Simple future: will won’t + be

Perfect tenses (present and past ): been

Why do we use the passive voice:

When we want to focus on the action, and the doer

When the action is performed generally

When the person doing the action is obvious

The doer is unknown

Egypt was united into one country by king Menes

subject: The red sea —> X or by the red sea

Verb: hosts → is hosted

usual sentence in English SVO

Passive voice sentence OV (and maybe by S)

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