CP 2101
CP 2101
CP 2101
Single-Chip USB to UART Data Transfer Virtual COM Port Device Drivers
- Integrated USB Transceiver; No External Resistors - Works with Existing COM Port PC Applications
Required
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- Royalty-Free Distribution License
- Integrated Clock; No External Crystal Required - Windows Vista/XP/Server 2003/2000/98SE
- Integrated 512-Byte EEPROM for Vendor ID, - Mac OS-X/OS-9
Product ID, Serial Number, Power Descriptor,
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Release Number and Product Description Strings - Linux 2.40
- On-Chip Power-On Reset Circuit
USBXpress™ Direct Driver Support
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- On-Chip Voltage Regulator: 3.3 V Output
- Royalty-Free Distribution License
USB Function Controller - Windows Vista/XP/Server 2003/2000
- USB Specification 2.0 Compliant; Full Speed - Windows CE 6.0, 5.0, and 4.2
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(12 Mbps)
- USB suspend states supported via SUSPEND pins Example Applications
- Upgrade of RS-232 Legacy Devices to USB
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Asynchronous Serial Data BUS (UART) - Cellular Phone USB Interface Cable
- All Handshaking and Modem Interface Signals - PDA USB Interface Cable
- Data Formats Supported: - USB to RS-232 Serial Adapter
• Data Bits: 8
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• Stop Bits: 1 Supply Voltage
• Parity: Odd, Even, No Parity - Self-powered: 3.0 to 3.6 V
- Baud Rates: 300 bps to 921.6 kbps - USB Bus Powered: 4.0 to 5.25 V
- 512 Byte Receive Buffer; 512 Byte Transmit Buffer
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- Hardware or X-On / X-Off Handshaking Supported
- Event Character Support - Pb-free 28-pin QFN (5 x 5 mm)
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Ordering Part Number
- CP2101-GM
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CP2101 VDD
7
REGIN IN
Voltage
Regulator RST
9
OUT (to external circuitry
12
SUSPEND for USB suspend
3.3 V states)
6 11
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VDD SUSPEND
3
GND 2
RI
48 MHz 1
8 DCD External RS-232
R
VBUS Oscillator
USB 28 transceiver or
DTR
CONNECTOR UART circuitry
27
1 DSR
VBUS UART
2 5 26
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TX RX
6
5
D1 D2 D3
EEPROM 23
Buffer Buffer CTS
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2 Rev. 1.8
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Table 3.2. UART and Suspend I/O DC Electrical Characteristics ...................................... 6
Table 3.3. Reset Electrical Characteristics ......................................................................... 6
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4. PINOUT AND PACKAGE DEFINITIONS .......................................................................... 7
Table 4.1. Pin Definitions for the CP2101 .......................................................................... 7
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Figure 4.1. QFN-28 Pinout Diagram (Top View) ................................................................ 8
Figure 4.2. QFN-28 Package Drawing ............................................................................... 9
Table 4.2. QFN-28 Package Dimensions ........................................................................... 9
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Figure 4.3. Typical QFN-28 Landing Diagram ................................................................. 10
Figure 4.4. Typical QFN-28 Solder Paste Recommendation ........................................... 11
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5. USB FUNCTION CONTROLLER AND TRANSCEIVER ................................................ 12
Figure 5.1. Typical Connection Diagram .......................................................................... 12
6. ASYNCHRONOUS SERIAL DATA BUS (UART) INTERFACE ..................................... 13
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Table 6.1. Data Formats and Baud Rates ........................................................................ 13
7. INTERNAL EEPROM ...................................................................................................... 13
Table 7.1. Default USB Configuration Data ...................................................................... 13
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8. CP2101 DEVICE DRIVERS ............................................................................................. 14
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8.1. Virtual COM Port Drivers .......................................................................................... 14
8.2. USBXpress Drivers .................................................................................................. 14
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8.3. Driver Customization ................................................................................................ 14
8.4. Driver Certification .................................................................................................... 14
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Rev. 1.8 3
4 Rev. 1.8
1. System Overview
The CP2101 is a highly-integrated USB-to-UART Bridge Controller providing a simple solution for updating
RS-232 designs to USB using a minimum of components and PCB space. The CP2101 includes a USB
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2.0 full-speed function controller, USB transceiver, oscillator, EEPROM and asynchronous serial data bus
(UART) with full modem control signals in a compact 5 x 5 mm QFN-28 package. No other external USB
components are required.
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The on-chip EEPROM may be used to customize the USB Vendor ID, Product ID, Product Description
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String, Power Descriptor, Device Release Number and Device Serial Number as desired for OEM applica-
tions. The EEPROM is programmed on-board via the USB allowing the programming step to be easily inte-
grated into the product manufacturing and testing process.
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Royalty-free Virtual COM Port (VCP) device drivers provided by Silicon Laboratories allow a CP2101-
based product to appear as a COM port to PC applications. The CP2101 UART interface implements all
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RS-232 signals, including control and handshaking signals, so existing system firmware does not need to
be modified. In many existing RS-232 designs, all that is required to update the design from RS-232 to
USB is to replace the RS-232 level-translator with the CP2101. Direct access driver support is available
through the Silicon Laboratories USBXpress driver set.
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The CP2101 is a mature product and is not recommended for new designs. The CP2102 is a pin and soft-
ware compatible alternative for the CP2101. The CP2102 is recommended for all new designs. Contact
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Silicon Laboratories customer support at www.silabs.com for any questions about replacing the CP2101.
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2. Absolute Maximum Ratings
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GND
Voltage on VDD with respect to GND –0.3 — 4.2 V
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Note: Stresses above those listed under “Absolute Maximum Ratings” may cause permanent damage to the device.
This is a stress rating only and functional operation of the devices at those or any other conditions above those
indicated in the operation listings of this specification is not implied. Exposure to maximum rating conditions for
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Rev. 1.8 5
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VDD = 3.0 to 3.6 V, –40 to +85 °C unless otherwise specified.
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Supply Voltage 3.0 3.3 3.6 V
Supply Current1 Normal Operation; — 22 26 mA
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VREG Enable
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Supply Current - USB Pull-up2 — 200 228 µA
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Specified Operating Temperature Range –40 — +85 °C
Notes:
1. USB Pull-up Current should be added for total supply current.
2. The USB Pull-up supply current values are calculated values based on USB specifications.
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Table 3.2. UART and Suspend I/O DC Electrical Characteristics
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VDD = 3.0 to 3.6 V, -40 to +85 °C unless otherwise specified.
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Parameters Conditions Min Typ Max Units
IOH = –3 mA VDD – 0.7 — —
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Output High Voltage IOH = –10 µA VDD – 0.1 — — V
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IOL = 25 mA — 1.0 —
Input High Voltage 2.0 — — V
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6 Rev. 1.8
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Name Pin # Type Description
VDD 6 Power In 3.0–3.6 V Power Supply Voltage Input.
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Power Out 3.3 V Voltage Regulator Output. See Section 9.
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GND 3 Ground
RST 9 D I/O Device Reset. Open-drain output of internal POR or VDD monitor. An
external source can initiate a system reset by driving this pin low for at
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least 15 µs.
REGIN 7 Power In 5 V Regulator Input. This pin is the input to the on-chip voltage regula-
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tor.
VBUS 8 D In VBUS Sense Input. This pin should be connected to the VBUS signal
of a USB network. A 5 V signal on this pin indicates a USB network
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connection.
D+ 4 D I/O USB D+
D– 5 D I/O USB D–
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TXD 26 D Out
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Asynchronous data output (UART Transmit)
RXD 25 D In Asynchronous data input (UART Receive)
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CTS 23* D In Clear To Send control input (active low)
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SUSPEND 12* D Out This pin is driven high when the CP2101 enters the USB suspend
state.
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SUSPEND 11* D Out This pin is driven low when the CP2101 enters the USB suspend state.
NC 10, 13–22 These pins should be left unconnected or tied to VDD.
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Rev. 1.8 7
DSR
RXD
DTR
TXD
RTS
CTS
NC
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28
27
26
25
24
23
22
GND
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DCD 1 21 NC
RI 2 20 NC
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GND 3 19 NC
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D+ 4
CP2101 18 NC
Top View
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D- 5 17 NC
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VDD 6 16 NC
GND
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REGIN 7 15 NC
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11
12
13
14
8
9
en
NC
SUSPEND
SUSPEND
RST
NC
NC
m VBUS
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8 Rev. 1.8
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3. This drawing conforms to JEDEC outline MO-243, variation VHHD except for custom features D2, E2, L, Z, and
Y which are toleranced per supplier designation.
4. Recommended card reflow profile is per the JEDEC/IPC J-STD-020C specification for Small Body
Components.
Rev. 1.8 9
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10 Rev. 1.8
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Rev. 1.8 11
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all data transfers between the USB and the UART as well as command requests generated by the USB
host controller and commands for controlling the function of the UART.
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The USB Suspend and Resume signals are supported for power management of both the CP2101 device
as well as external circuitry. The CP2101 will enter Suspend mode when Suspend signaling is detected
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on the bus. On entering Suspend mode, the CP2101 asserts the SUSPEND and SUSPEND signals.
SUSPEND and SUSPEND are also asserted after a CP2101 reset until device configuration during USB
Enumeration is complete
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The CP2101 exits the Suspend mode when any of the following occur: (1) Resume signaling is detected or
generated, (2) a USB Reset signal is detected, or (3) a device reset occurs. On exit of Suspend mode, the
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SUSPEND and SUSPEND signals are de-asserted.
Both SUSPEND and SUSPEND temporarily float high during a CP2101 reset. If this behavior is undesir-
able, a strong pulldown (10 k) can be used to ensure SUSPEND remains low during reset. See
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Figure 5.1 for other recommended options.
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CP2101 R1
4.7 k Option 1
7
REGIN
C1 9
RST
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1 F
(to external circuitry
12
SUSPEND for USB suspend
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states)
6 11
VDD SUSPEND
C4 C2 R2
4.7 F 0.1 F 10 k
3
GND 2 Option 4
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Option 2
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1
8 DCD External RS-232
VBUS
USB 28 transceiver or
DTR
CONNECTOR UART circuitry
27
1 DSR
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VBUS
2 5 26
D- D- TXD
3
D+ 4 25
4 D+ RXD
GND
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24
RTS
6
5
D1 D2 D3
Option 3 23
CTS
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Option 4: 10 k resistor to ground to hold SUSPEND low on initial power on or device reset.
12 Rev. 1.8
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Off handshaking.
The UART is programmable to support a variety of data formats and baud rates. If the Virtual COM Port
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drivers are used, the data format and baud rate are set during COM port configuration on the PC. If the
USBXpress drivers are used, the CP2101 is configured through the USBXpress API. The data formats
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and baud rates available are listed in Table 6.1.
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Data Bits 8
Stop Bits 1
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Parity Type None, Even, Odd
300, 600, 1200, 1800, 2400, 4800, 7200, 9600, 14400, 19200, 28800,
Baud Rates
38400, 56000, 57600, 115200, 128000, 230400, 460800, 921600
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7. Internal EEPROM
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The CP2101 includes an internal EEPROM that may be used to customize the USB Vendor ID (VID), Prod-
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uct ID (PID), Product Description String, Power Descriptor, Device Release Number and Device Serial
Number as desired for OEM applications. If the EEPROM is not programmed with OEM data, the default
configuration data shown in Table 7.1 is used.
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While customization of the USB configuration data is optional, it is recommended to customize the VID/PID
combination. A unique VID/PID combination will prevent the driver from conflicting with any other USB
driver. A vendor ID can be obtained from www.usb.org or Silicon Laboratories can provide a free PID for
the OEM product that can be used with the Silicon Laboratories VID. It is also recommended to customize
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the serial number if the OEM application is one in which it is possible for multiple CP2101-based devices to
be connected to the same PC.
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The internal EEPROM is programmed via the USB. This allows the OEM's USB configuration data and
serial number to be written to the CP2101 on-board during the manufacturing and testing process. A
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stand-alone utility for programming the internal EEPROM is available from Silicon Laboratories. A library of
routines provided in the form of a Windows® DLL is also available. This library can be used to integrate the
EEPROM programming step into custom software used by the OEM to streamline testing and serial num-
ber management during manufacturing. The EEPROM has a typical endurance of 100,000 write cycles
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Vendor ID 10C4h
Product ID EA60h
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Rev. 1.8 13
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Product Description String “CP2101 USB to UART Bridge Controller” (126 characters maximum)
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8. CP2101 Device Drivers
There are two sets of device drivers available for the CP2101 devices: the Virtual COM Port (VCP) drivers
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and the USBXpress Direct Access drivers. Only one set of drivers is necessary to interface with the
device.
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The latest drivers are available at http://www.silabs.com/products/microcontroller/downloads.asp.
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The CP2101 Virtual COM Port (VCP) device drivers allow a CP2101-based device to appear to the PC's
application software as a COM port. Application software running on the PC accesses the CP2101-based
device as it would access a standard hardware COM port. However, actual data transfer between the PC
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and the CP2101 device is performed over the USB interface. Therefore, existing COM port applications
may be used to transfer data via the USB to the CP2101-based device without modifying the application.
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See Application Note AN197: Code for Example Code for Interfacing to a CP2102 using the Virtual COM
drivers.
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8.2. USBXpress Drivers
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The Silicon Laboratories USBXpress drivers provide an alternate solution for interfacing with CP2102
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devices. No Serial Port protocol expertise is required. Instead, a simple, high-level application program
interface (API) is used to provide simpler CP201x connectivity and functionality. The USBXpress for
CP210x Development Kit includes Windows device drivers, Windows device driver installer and uninstall-
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ers, and a host interface function library (host API) provided in the form of a Windows Dynamic Link
Library (DLL). The USBXpress driver set is recommended for new products that also include new PC soft-
ware. The USBXpress interface is described in Application Note “AN169: USBXpress Programmer's
Guide.”
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In addition to customizing the device as described in Section 7. "Internal EEPROM" on page 13, the driv-
ers and the drivers installation package can be also be customized. See Application Note “AN220: USB
Driver Customization” for more information on generating customized VCP and USBXpress drivers.
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The default drivers that are shipped with the CP2101 are Microsoft WHQL (Windows Hardware Quality
Labs) certified. The certification means that the drivers have been tested by Microsoft and their latest
operating systems (XP and Vista) will allow the drivers to be installed without any warnings or errors.
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The customized drivers that are generated using the AN220 software are not automatically certified. They
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must go first through the Microsoft Driver Reseller Submission process. Contact Silicon Laboratories sup-
port for assistance with this process.
14 Rev. 1.8
9. Voltage Regulator
The CP2101 includes an on-chip 5-to-3 V voltage regulator. This allows the CP2101 to be configured as
either a USB bus-powered device or a USB self-powered device. These configurations are shown in
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Figure 9.1 and Figure 9.2. When enabled, the 3 V voltage regulator output appears on the VDD pin and can
be used to power external 3V devices. See Table 9.1 for the voltage regulator electrical characteristics.
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Alternatively, if 3 V power is supplied to the VDD pin, the CP2101 can function as a USB self-powered
device with the voltage regulator disabled. For this configuration, it is recommended that the REGIN input
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be tied to the 3 V net to disable the voltage regulator. This configuration is shown in Figure 9.3.
The USB max power and power attributes descriptor must match the device power usage and configura-
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tion. See application note “AN144: CP2101 Customization Guide” for information on how to customize USB
descriptors for the CP2101.
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Note: It is recommended that additional decoupling capacitance (e.g., 0.1 µF in parallel with 1.0 µF) be pro-
vided on the REGIN input.
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Table 9.1. Voltage Regulator Electrical Specifications
–40 to +85 °C unless otherwise specified.
Parameter
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Conditions Min Typ Max Units
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Input Voltage Range 4.0 — 5.25 V
Output Voltage Output Current = 1 to 100 mA* 3.0 3.3 3.6 V
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VBUS Detection Input Threshold 1.0 1.8 4.0 V
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CP2101
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VBUS
REGIN
5 V In Voltage Regulator (REG0)
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3 V Out
To 3 V VDD Device
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Rev. 1.8 15
CP2101
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VBUS
From VBUS
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VBUS Sense
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From 5 V REGIN
5 V In Voltage Regulator (REG0)
Power Net
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3 V Out
To 3V VDD Device
Power Net Power Net
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Figure 9.2. Configuration 2: USB Self-Powered
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CP2101
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VBUS
From VBUS
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VBUS Sense
REGIN
5 V In Voltage Regulator (REG0)
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3 V Out
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16 Rev. 1.8
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http://www.silabs.com/products/microcontroller/applications.asp.
AN144: CP210x Device Customization Guide. This application note describes how to use the AN144
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software to configure the USB parameters on the CP2101 devices.
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AN169: USBXpress Programmer's Guide. This application note describes the USBXpress API interface
and includes example code.
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AN197: Serial Communications Guide for the CP210x. This application note describes how to use the
standard Windows COM port function to communicate with the CP2101 and includes example code.
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AN220: CP210x USB Driver Customization. This application note describes how to use the AN220 soft-
ware to customize the VCP or USBXpress drivers with OEM information.
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Rev. 1.8 17
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Updated “Linux 2.40” bullet on page 1.
Changed MLP to QFN throughout.
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Revision 1.7 to Revision 1.71
Removed “Windows CE” bullet from page 1.
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Revision 1.71 to Revision 1.8
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Added note on pages 1 and 4 regarding CP2101 not recommend for new designs.
Added additional supported operating systems on page 1.
Changed VDD conditions of Tables 3.1 and 3.2 from a minimum of 2.7 to 3.0 V.
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Added values to Table 3.1, “Global DC Electrical Characteristics,” on page 6.
Updated package drawings in Figure 4.2, Figure 4.3, and Figure 4.4.
Changed Figure 4.4 title.
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Removed tantalum requirement in Figure 5.1.
Updated Section 8. "CP2101 Device Drivers" on page 14 with USBXpress, customization, and
certification information.
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Added Section 10. "Relevant Application Notes" on page 17.
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18 Rev. 1.8
Disclaimer
Silicon Labs intends to provide customers with the latest, accurate, and in-depth documentation of all peripherals and modules available for system and software implementers using or
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intending to use the Silicon Labs products. Characterization data, available modules and peripherals, memory sizes and memory addresses refer to each specific device, and "Typical"
parameters provided can and do vary in different applications. Application examples described herein are for illustrative purposes only. Silicon Labs reserves the right to make changes
without further notice and limitation to product information, specifications, and descriptions herein, and does not give warranties as to the accuracy or completeness of the included
information. Silicon Labs shall have no liability for the consequences of use of the information supplied herein. This document does not imply or express copyright licenses granted
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