एक ज$र& बात आप सभी के 1लए

Deepak Yadav Education UPSC

Deepak Yadav Education

e-Samridhi Portal
e-Samridhi Portal
Recently, the Union Minister of Agriculture &
Farmers’ Welfare and Rural Development
urged the state governments to encourage
more and more farmers to register on e-
Samridhi portal so that they can avail the
facility of assured procurement.

About e-Samridhi Portal:

• It was launched through National
Agricultural Cooperative Marketing
Federation of India Ltd. (NAFED) and
National Cooperative Consumers'
Federation of India Limited (NCCF).
• It is for registration of farmers and the government is committed to
procure pulses at Minimum Support Prices (MSP) for farmers
registered on the portal.

• Portal registration of farmers can be done directly or through Primary

Agricultural Credit Societies (PACS) and FPO.

• The payment to the farmers will be made by NAFED directly into their
mapped bank account and no agency will be involved in between.

Key facts about National Agricultural Cooperative Marketing

Federation of India Ltd
• It is an apex organization of marketing cooperatives for agricultural
produce in India.
• It was founded on 2 October
1958 to promote the trade of
agricultural produce and forest
resources across the nation.

• It is registered under Multi State

Co-operative Societies Act.

• With its headquarters in New

Delhi, NAFED has four regional
offices in Delhi, Mumbai, Chennai
and Kolkata, apart from 28 zonal
offices in capitals of states and
important cities.
Functions

• It is the nodal agency to

implement price stabilization
measures under "Operation
Greens" which aims to double
the farmers' income by 2022.

• Along with FCI the NAFED is

involved in the procurement
of oilseeds, pulses and copra
under the Price Support
Scheme (PSS).
IPBES
 Intergovernmental Platform on
Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services
(IPBES)

• Recently, the Intergovernmental

Platform on Biodiversity and
Ecosystem Services (IPBES) has been
selected for the 2024 Blue Planet
Prize.

About Intergovernmental Platform on

Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services:
• It is an intergovernmental
organisation established in 2012.
• It aims to strengthen the science-policy interface for biodiversity
and ecosystem services for the conservation and sustainable use of
biodiversity

• It provides policymakers with objective scientific assessments about

the state of knowledge regarding the planet’s biodiversity,
ecosystems and the benefits they provide to people, as well as the
tools and methods to protect and sustainably use these vital natural
assets.

• This independent body was inspired by the Intergovernmental Panel

on Climate Change (IPCC) and the Millennium Ecosystem
Assessment.
• It is not a United Nations
body. However, at the request of the
IPBES Plenary and with the
authorisation of the UNEP Governing
Council in 2013, the United Nations
Environment Programme (UNEP)
provides secretariat services to IPBES.

• India is a member country of this

organisation.

• The governing body of IPBES

(Plenary )– made up of the
representatives of IPBES member
States – usually meets once per year.
Secretariat:
• It is located in Bonn, Germany

Key facts about the Blue Planet Prize

• It is awarded by Japan’s Asahi Glass Foundation annually to
individuals and organisations to recognise outstanding
achievements in scientific research and its application, which have
helped provide solutions to global environmental problems.

• The prize includes an award of $500,000.

Stryker armoured infantry combat vehicles
 Stryker armoured infantry
combat vehicles (ICVs)

• India and the United States

are in advanced talks for the
joint manufacture of the
latest generation of Stryker
armoured infantry combat
vehicles (ICVs).

About Stryker armoured infantry

combat vehicles (ICVs):
• The Stryker is a family of eight-
wheel-drive combat armoured
infantry combat vehicles (ICVs).
• It is jointly developed by General Dynamics Land Systems (GDLS)
Canada and the General Dynamics Land Systems Division in the
United States.

• It was the first new military vehicle inducted into US Army service
since the Abrams tank in the 1980s.

• The Stryker can formulate a quick response to insurgencies or war-

like situations, moving much faster than tanks on paved roads,
thereby getting infantry squads into the fight more swiftly.

• The Stryker vehicles have demonstrated a better chance of surviving

against improvised explosive devices (IEDs) compared to other light
military vehicles.
• The Strykers can be transported via
Chinook helicopters, which the Indian
Air Force uses.

• Features:
• It is a V-hull armoured infantry
vehicle equipped with a 30 mm
cannon and a 105 mm mobile gun.

• The Stryker hull is constructed from

high-hardness steel.

• On top of this, the Stryker has

a layer of ceramic tile armor,
offering additional protection.
• It is manned by a two-
person crew and can
carry a nine-man
infantry squad.

• It has a range of 483

kilometers and can
reach a top speed of
around 100 km/h.
Seine River
 Seine River

Despite a massive cleanup

effort, Paris' Seine River
remains too polluted to host
swimming events for the
upcoming Olympic Games,
city officials have said
recently.

About Seine River:

• It is France’s second-
longest river after the Loire,
covering a distance of 775
kilometers.
• This river has a drainage basin, known as the Paris Basin, of
approximately 79,000 square kilometers and drains mainly northern
France.

• Course:
• It rises 446 meters above sea level in the wine-making region of
Burgundy, near the town of Dijon.

• As the Seine approaches Paris, it is joined by the Marne, one of its

largest tributaries, on the right bank.

• It flows through Paris for about 13 kilometers from west to east.

 • It finally empties into the English
Channel, an arm of the Atlantic
Ocean separating northern France
and southern England.
• Most of the river basin is formed of
permeable rocks, the absorptive
capacity of which mitigates the risk of
river floods.

• The basin receives modest annual

precipitation ranging from 650 to 750
millimeters.
• It is one of Europe’s great historic rivers,
and its drainage network carries most
of the French inland waterway traffic.
Kolar Gold Fields
Kolar Gold Fields (KGF)

• The Karnataka government

recently cleared a proposal of the
Centre for reviving gold mining
and auctioning of 13 tailing dumps
at Kolar Gold Fields (KGF) by the
Bharat Gold Mines Ltd. (BGML).

About Kolar Gold Fields (KGF):

• KGF (once known as ‘Little
England’) is a mining area in the
Kolar District of Karnataka, 100 km
from Bengaluru.
• It is estimated that gold has been mined in KFG for over 2000 years.

• KGF’s modern success is generally attributed to the firm John Taylor &
Sons, after John Taylor III took control of the mines in 1880 and
established what was at one time the deepest and most productive
gold mine in the world.

• KGF was the first Indian city to be electrified in 1902.

• At its peak, KGF was home to 30000 mine workers and their families
and was a multiethnic community with experienced miners recruited
from around the world.
• The mines were run by the company
up until 1956, when they were taken
over by the Government of
Mysore, who employed John Taylor &
Sons as mining consultants.

• Although the annual production in

some years was more than 95
percent of India’s gold output, the
mines declined and finally closed in
2001.
Indus Water Treaty (IWT)
Indus Water Treaty (IWT)

A Pakistani delegation recently

arrived in Jammu as part of
ongoing discussions
concerning the 1960 Indus
Water Treaty (IWT).

About Indus Water Treaty

(IWT):
• It is a treaty signed between
India and Pakistan regulating
the use and distribution of the
Indus River system.
It was signed by then-Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru and former
Pakistan President Ayub Khan in 1960.

• The treaty was brokered by the World Bank, which too is a signatory
to the treaty.

• The pact sought to divide the water of the Indus River and its
tributaries (Sutlej, Beas, Ravi, Jhelum, and Chenab) equitably among
the two countries.

• Under the treaty, water from three eastern rivers, Beas, Ravi and
Sutlej, was allocated to India, and water from the three western rivers
– Chenab, Indus and Jhelum were allocated to Pakistan.
 • Pakistan roughly got 80% of the water
in the Indus drainage system.

• The treaty also permits both countries to

use the other’s rivers for certain purposes,
such as small hydroelectric projects that
require little or no water storage.

• The treaty is overseen by the Permanent

Indus Commission (PIC), a bilateral body
with commissioners from both countries
tasked with implementing and managing
treaty provisions, and resolving any
questions, differences, or disputes that
may arise.
• The World Bank’s
role is to appoint
a neutral expert in
case of ‘technical’
differences, failing
which the
differences
escalate to a
dispute for
international
arbitration.
Q. With reference to the Indus Water Treaty (IWT), consider the following statements:

1. It was signed between India and Pakistan, regulating the use and distribution of the
Indus River system.
2. The treaty was brokered by the United Nations, which too is a signatory to the treaty.
3. The treaty prohibits both countries from using each other’s rivers for any purpose.
How many of the statements given above are correct?

A) Only one
B) Only two
C) All three
D) None
Q. With reference to the Indus Water Treaty (IWT), consider the following statements:

1. It was signed between India and Pakistan, regulating the use and distribution of the
Indus River system.
2. The treaty was brokered by the United Nations, which too is a signatory to the treaty.
3. The treaty prohibits both countries from using each other’s rivers for any purpose.
How many of the statements given above are correct?

A) Only one
B) Only two
C) All three
D) None
Explanation :
About Indus Water Treaty (IWT):
•It is a treaty signed between India and Pakistan regulating the use and distribution of the Indus River
system.
•It was signed by then-Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru and former Pakistan President Ayub Khan
in 1960.
•The treaty was brokered by the World Bank, which too is a signatory to the treaty.
•The pact sought to divide the water of the Indus River and its tributaries (Sutlej, Beas, Ravi, Jhelum,
and Chenab) equitably among the two countries.
•Under the treaty, water from three eastern rivers, Beas, Ravi, and Sutlej, was allocated to India, and
water from the three western rivers – Chenab, Indus, and Jhelum were allocated to Pakistan.
•Pakistan roughly got 80% of the water in the Indus drainage system.
•The treaty also permits both countries to use the other’s rivers for certain purposes, such as small
hydroelectric projects that require little or no water storage.
•The treaty is overseen by the Permanent Indus Commission (PIC), a bilateral body with
commissioners from both countries tasked with implementing and managing treaty provisions, and
resolving any questions, differences, or disputes that may arise.
•The World Bank’s role is to appoint a neutral expert in case of ‘technical’ differences, failing
which the differences are escalated to a dispute for international arbitration.
Q. Kolar Gold Fields is located in which one of the following
states?

A) Andhra Pradesh

B) Maharashtra

C) Karnataka

D) Jharkhand
Q. Kolar Gold Fields is located in which one of the following
states?

A) Andhra Pradesh

B) Maharashtra

C) Karnataka

D) Jharkhand
Kolar Gold Fields (KGF):

•KGF (once known as ‘Little England’) is a mining area in the Kolar District of Karnataka, 100 km from
Bengaluru.
•It is estimated that gold has been mined in KFG for over 2000 years.
•KGF’s modern success is generally attributed to the firm John Taylor & Sons, after John Taylor III took
control of the mines in 1880 and established what was at one time the deepest and most productive
gold mine in the world.
•KGF was the first Indian city to be electrified in 1902.

•At its peak, KGF was home to 30000 mine workers and their families and was a multiethnic community
with experienced miners recruited from around the world.
•The mines were run by the company up until 1956, when they were taken over by the Government of
Mysore, who employed John Taylor & Sons as mining consultants.
•Although the annual production in some years was more than 95 percent of India’s gold output, the
mines declined and finally closed in 2001.
Q. Which one of the following cities lies on the banks of the
Seine River?

A)Amsterdam

B)Berlin

C)Zurich

D)Paris
Q. Which one of the following cities lies on the banks of the
Seine River?

A)Amsterdam

B)Berlin

C)Zurich

D)Paris
Seine River:
•It is France’s second-longest river after the Loire, covering a distance of 775 kilometers.
•This river has a drainage basin, known as the Paris Basin, of approximately 79,000 square kilometers
and drains mainly northern France.
•Course:
•It rises 446 meters above sea level in the wine-making region of Burgundy, near the town of Dijon.
•As the Seine approaches Paris, it is joined by the Marne, one of its largest tributaries, on the right
bank.
•It flows through Paris for about 13 kilometers from west to east.
•It finally empties into the English Channel, an arm of the Atlantic Ocean separating northern France
and southern England.
•Most of the river basin is formed of permeable rocks, the absorptive capacity of which mitigates the
risk of river floods.
•The basin receives modest annual precipitation ranging from 650 to 750 millimeters.
Q. Consider the following statements with reference to the e-Samridhi
Portal:
1. It was launched by National Agricultural Cooperative Marketing Federation
of India Ltd. and National Cooperative Consumers' Federation of India.
2. It aims to procure all horticultural crops from farmers at Minimum Support
Prices.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

A) 1 only
B) 2 only
C) Both 1 and 2
D) Neither 1 nor 2
Q. Consider the following statements with reference to the e-Samridhi
Portal:
1. It was launched by National Agricultural Cooperative Marketing Federation
of India Ltd. and National Cooperative Consumers' Federation of India.
2. It aims to procure all horticultural crops from farmers at Minimum Support
Prices.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

A) 1 only
B) 2 only
C) Both 1 and 2
D) Neither 1 nor 2
•It was launched through National Agricultural Cooperative Marketing Federation of India
Ltd. (NAFED) and National Cooperative Consumers' Federation of India Limited (NCCF).
•It is for the registration of farmers and government is committed to procuring pulses at Minimum
Support Prices (MSP) for farmers registered on the portal.
•Portal registration of farmers can be done directly or through Primary Agricultural Credit Societies
(PACS) and FPO.
•The payment to the farmers will be made by NAFED directly into their mapped bank account and no
agency will be involved in between.
Q. Consider the following statements with reference to the
Intergovernmental Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services:

1. It provides scientific assessments about the state of knowledge regarding

the planet’s biodiversity to policymakers.
2. It was awarded with Blue Planet Prize for the year 2024.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

A) 1 only
B) 2 only
C) Both 1 and 2
D) Neither 1 nor 2
Q. Consider the following statements with reference to the
Intergovernmental Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services:
1. It provides scientific assessments about the state of knowledge regarding
the planet’s biodiversity to policymakers.
2. It was awarded with Blue Planet Prize for the year 2024.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

A) 1 only
B) 2 only
C) Both 1 and 2
D) Neither 1 nor 2
•Explanation :
•
It is the intergovernmental organisation established in 2012.
•It aims to strengthen the science-policy interface for biodiversity and ecosystem services for the
conservation and sustainable use of biodiversity

•It provides policymakers with objective scientific assessments about the state of
knowledge regarding the planet’s biodiversity, ecosystems and the benefits they provide to people,
as well as the tools and methods to protect and sustainably use these vital natural assets.

•This independent body was inspired by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) and
the Millennium Ecosystem Assessment.
•It is not a United Nations body. However, at the request of the IPBES Plenary and with the authorisation
of the UNEP Governing Council in 2013, the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP)
provides secretariat services to IPBES.

•India is a member country of this organisation.

•The governing body of IPBES (Plenary )– made up of the representatives of IPBES member States –
usually meets once per year.