Passive
Passive
Passive
Active
[Thing doing action] + [verb] + [thing receiving action]
Passive
[Thing receiving action] + [be] + [past participle of verb] + [by] + [thing doing action]
Active Passive
Simple Past Sam repaired the car. The car was repaired by Sam.
The salesman was helping the The customer was being helped by the
Past
customer when the thief came into the salesman when the thief came into the
Continuous
store. store.
Present Perfect Recently, John has been doing the Recently, the work has been being done
Continuous work. by John.
Past Perfect George had repaired many cars before Many cars had been repaired by George
he received his mechanic's license. before he received his mechanic's license.
Chef Jones had been preparing the The restaurant's fantastic dinners had
Past Perfect
restaurant's fantastic dinners for two been being prepared by Chef Jones for
Continuous
years before he moved to Paris. two years before he moved to Paris.
Simple Future Sally is going to make a beautiful A beautiful dinner is going to be made by
be going to dinner tonight. Sally tonight.
Future
At 8:00 PM tonight, John will be At 8:00 PM tonight, the dishes will be
Continuous
washing the dishes. being washed by John.
will
Future
At 8:00 PM tonight, John is going to be At 8:00 PM tonight, the dishes are going
Continuous
washing the dishes. to be being washed by John.
be going to
Future Perfect They will have completed the project The project will have been completed
will before the deadline. before the deadline.
Future Perfect They are going to have completed the The project is going to have been
be going to project before the deadline. completed before the deadline.
Future Perfect The famous artist will have been The mural will have been being painted
Continuous painting the mural for over six months by the famous artist for over six months
will by the time it is finished. by the time it is finished.
Future Perfect The famous artist is going to have been The mural is going to have been being
Continuous painting the mural for over six months painted by the famous artist for over six
be going to by the time it is finished. months by the time it is finished.
Used to Jerry used to pay the bills. The bills used to be paid by Jerry.
My mother would always make the The pies would always be made by my
Would Always
pies. mother.
Future in the
I knew John would finish the work by I knew the work would be finished by
Past
5:00 PM. 5:00 PM.
Would
Future in the I thought Sally was going to make a I thought a beautiful dinner was going to
Past
beautiful dinner tonight. be made by Sally tonight.
Was Going to