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 ICTNWK612 -Plan and manage troubleshooting advanced integrated IP
networks

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Assessment Task 1: Written questions

Provide answers to all of the questions below:

1. Complete the following table with advanced network solutions to network performance and
reliability issues.

Description of issue Advanced network solution

a. Network slowdown putting Quality of Service (QoS) into practice to rank

due to large number
network traffic according to relevance or kind. Using load
of guests balancing strategies to effectively divide network traffic
across devices is another.

b. Critical traffic on the applying into practice traffic engineering strategies to

network not receiving
give priority handling and clear routes for important
priority traffic, such as MPLS (Multiprotocol Label Switching).
Using Software-Defined Networking (SDN) for dynamic
prioritization and traffic control.

setting in place intrusion prevention systems (IPS) and

c. Malware detected. intrusion detection systems (IDS) to quickly detect and
eliminate malware threats. analyzing and isolating suspect
traffic using sandboxing methods and sophisticated threat
intelligence feeds. putting access controls and network
segmentation into place to stop malware outbreaks.

2. Complete the following table by explaining configuration, verification and troubleshooting

procedures relevant to the items referred to.

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Configuration Verification Troubleshooting

procedures for: procedures procedures for:
for:

Deployment entails Using the show ip Verifying that

a. Router assigning the interface short interface setups are
operation and proper IP addresses command to accurate
routing to interfaces. check the
condition of an
interface checking
setting up routing adjacencies and
standards like BGP, routing protocol
EIGRP, or OSPF. using the show IP setups.
route command to
check the routing
table entries. Employing the ping
The establishment
and trace route
of access control
commands to test
lists (ACLs) to
Verifying the bandwidth can help
manage traffic
adjacency of the troubleshoot issues.
volume.
routing protocol
NAT (Network with the show
Address ipos pf neighbour checking route
Translation) or comparable tables for errors or
configuration for commands inconsistent
internet access information

Using the ping or

trace route
commands, check
if two routers are
connected.

Using the vlan Utilizing the show Verifying the

b. VLAN switching command to vlan command to correctness of
and configure VLANs confirm VLAN VLAN
interswitching on switches configurations configurations
communications between switches.

© 2020 RTO Works - RTO:45620 Utilizing the switch Using

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3. Explain the purpose of a deployment scheme in relation to WLAN.

The strategy plan for placing wireless access points (APs) and setting up WLAN
technology to provide the best possible coverage, speed, and security is referred to as a
deployment scheme in the context of WLANs. The location of the AP, the channel to use,
the transmit power settings, the authentication techniques, the password-protection
algorithms, and the VLAN assignments are all taken into account in this scheme.

4. Explain how an iDevice Operating System works in relation to networking.

In terms of networking, an devices Operating System—like IOS for Phones and iPads—
functions by offering a platform for controlling network connections and communication.
It has functions including network service discovery, VPN (Virtual Private Network)
support, cellular data use control, and Wi-Fi connectivity management. To enable smooth
communication across diverse network types, the operating system (OS) manages network
configuration, packet routing, and security operations.

5. Explain the IP model in relation to networking.

The Internet Protocol Suite, or IP model, is a conceptual framework for

communication over networks. It outlines a collection of standards and protocols that
let devices send data via networks that are connected. The Application layer, Transport
layer, Internet layer, and Link layer are the four layers that make up the IP model. To
enable end-to-end communication, each layer carries out particular tasks such
addressing, routing, error detection, and data encapsulation.

© 2020 RTO Works - RTO:45620 CRICOS CODE:03857D VERSION NO:1.1 APPROVED DATE:29/3/2023 |
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6. Define the term network topology and summarise four main types of network topologies.

The configuration of links and devices within a network is referred to as network topology.
There are four primary categories of network topologies:

1. Bus Topology: A single communication connection, or bus, connects all of the devices.

2. Star Topology: Every device is attached to a main switch or hub.

3. Ring Topology: Every device in the system is connected to exactly two other devices in a
closed loop.

4. Mesh Topology: Using numerous redundant channels for interconnection, devices offer
great fault tolerance and reliability.

7. Explain the term network architecture.

The design and structure of a network, including its elements, protocols, and
technologies, is referred to as network architecture. It covers the general architecture
and operation of the network, covering things like software configuration, hardware
selection, communication protocols, security measures, and scalability issues. A
network's architecture acts as a guide for constructing and overseeing intricate
networks to fulfill particular needs and goals.

8. List the key element of a network.

Devices: These are the actual hardware parts of the network, like servers, routers, switches,
and PCs.
a. Connectivity: This includes wired (Fiber optics, Ethernet) and wireless (Wi-Fi,
Bluetooth) connections as ways for devices to communicate with one another.
c. Protocols: TCP/IP, HTTP, and SMTP are examples of the rules and standards that
control communication between devices on a network.
d. Network Infrastructure: This refers to the software (operating systems, network
© 2020 RTO Works - RTO:45620 CRICOS CODE:03857D VERSION NO:1.1 APPROVED DATE:29/3/2023 |
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management systems) and hardware (routers, switches, and cables) that support the
operation of the network.
e. Services: Email, file sharing, web hosting, and other applications and resources that are
available across a network are examples of services.

9. Identify and summarise three examples of troubleshooting tools/techniques that can be used
in relation to networks.

a. Ping: Ping is a command-line utility for determining whether a device is reachable

across a network. It waits for a response after sending ICMP (Internet Control Message
Protocol) echo request packets to the intended device. Ping can be used to detect problems
with connectivity, including high latency or packet loss.

b. Another command-line programmed that tracks the path packets follow from a local
device to a designated destination is called Trace route. Along the path, it lists the hops
(routers or switches) and calculates the round-trip time (RTT) for each one. Routing issues
or network congestion can be discovered with the use of Trace route.

c. Wireshark is a network protocol analyzer that records and shows packet data in real
time over a network. Users can examine individual packets and examine trends in network
traffic with it. Network problems including packet loss, protocol faults, and security
breaches can be troubleshooted via Wireshark.

10. Complete the following table relating to network diagnostic:

© 2020 RTO Works - RTO:45620 CRICOS CODE:03857D VERSION NO:1.1 APPROVED DATE:29/3/2023 |
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Network diagnostic utility How it can be used for troubleshooting

a. Event viewer System and application events are

logged by the built-in Windows utility
called event viewer. It can be used to
recognize warnings, informational
messages, and network-related issues.
Administrators can use event logs for
troubleshooting in order to identify
problems with network connectivity,
malfunctioning services, or security
breaches.

b. Network monitor Real-time network traffic capture and

analysis are capabilities of the network
monitor diagnostic tool. It can be used to
track how much bandwidth is being
consumed, locate network bottlenecks,
and spot unusual network activity.
Administrators can utilize network
monitor for performance
troubleshooting, connectivity
troubleshooting, and network protocol
behavior analysis.

c. Performance console System performance measurements are

monitored via the built-in Windows
utility called Performance Console,
sometimes referred to as Performance
Monitor. Performance metrics pertaining
to networks, such as throughput, packet
faults, and network interface
consumption, can be monitored with it.
Performance console is a tool for
problem solving that administrators can
use to find performance bottlenecks,

© 2020 RTO Works - RTO:45620 CRICOS CODE:03857D VERSION NO:1.1 APPROVED DATE:29/3/2023 |
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© 2020 RTO Works - RTO:45620 CRICOS CODE:03857D VERSION NO:1.1 APPROVED DATE:29/3/2023 |
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11. Outline the purpose of network standards and give an example.

The goal of network standards is to guarantee efficiency, dependability, and

interoperability in computer networks. They are essentially set of rules and
requirements. They provide the hardware, software, and protocol requirements needed
for various systems and devices to communicate with one another. Among the goals of
network standards are
 Interoperability: Standards guarantee that equipment made by various
manufacturers can interact with one another without any problems on the same
network. Because of its interoperability, which promotes compatibility and
makes integration easier, various systems can coexist peacefully.
 Reliability: Standards minimize the possibility of mistakes and malfunctions
by ensuring uniformity and predictability in network behavior. By following
defined guidelines, network administrators may be sure that devices will
function consistently and dependably.
 Scalability: Scalability characteristics are frequently included in standards,
enabling networks to expand and adjust over time to changing demands.
Because of their scalability, networks can handle growing numbers of users,
devices, and data traffic without experiencing major problems.

 Security: To guard against illegal access, data breaches, and other security
concerns, many network standards contain security procedures and methods.
Network resilience and integrity can be improved by enterprises adhering to
established security standards.

Example of a Network Standard: The Ethernet standard is one type of network standard.
Ethernet describes how devices in a local area network (LAN) interact via a shared media,
usually twisted-pair or fibre optic cables. It also defines the physical and data link layers of
the OSI model. Ethernet standards define specifications for media access control (MAC)
addressing, collision detection, frame formats, data transmission rates, and collision
detection. Examples of these standards are 10BASE-T, 100BASE-TX, and Gigabit
Ethernet (IEEE 802.3).

© 2020 RTO Works - RTO:45620 CRICOS CODE:03857D VERSION NO:1.1 APPROVED DATE:29/3/2023 |
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12. Outline two key networking protocols.

Key Networking Protocols:

1. Transmission Control Protocol (TCP): Operating at Layer 4 of the OSI model's

transport layer, TCP is a connection-oriented protocol. It offers devices on a
network dependable, well-organized, and error-checked data packet
transmission. To guarantee data integrity and completeness, TCP creates
virtual connections between sender and recipient, controls data flow, and
retransmits packets. Email, file transfers, remote access, and web browsing are
a few examples of applications that employ TCP.

2. . Internet Protocol (IP): Addressing and routing packets over linked networks is
the responsibility of IP, a network layer (Layer 3) protocol. It specifies how
packets are wrapped, routed, and delivered between source and destination
hosts in addition to providing a logical addressing system (IPv4 or IPv6) for
each device on a network to be uniquely identified. As the cornerstone of
internet communication, IP is a basic protocol of the Internet Protocol Suite
(TCP/IP), facilitating data flow between various devices and networks
globally.

13. Summarise two threat mitigation strategies relevant to a network.

Strategies for Mitigating Threats:

1. Firewalls Security equipment or software programmes known as firewalls keep an

eye on and regulate inbound and outgoing network traffic in accordance with pre-
established security regulations. They serve as a line of defence between the internal
network of a company and outside networks, including the internet, filtering traffic to
stop virus infections, illegal access, and other online dangers. Networks can be
shielded from a range of security threats by deploying firewalls as software, hardware
appliances, or cloud services.

© 2020 RTO Works - RTO:45620 CRICOS CODE:03857D VERSION NO:1.1 APPROVED DATE:29/3/2023 |
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2. Security solutions called Intrusion Detection and Prevention Systems (IDPS) are made
to identify and stop malicious activity and unwanted access attempts on a network. To find
any security lapses, intrusion attempts, and suspicious activity, they examine system logs,
network traffic patterns, and behavioral anomalies. IDPS can identify and respond to
security problems by notifying administrators, obstructing harmful traffic, or starting
automated cleanup steps. It can also detect a variety of threats, such as malware infections,
network scanning, brute-force assaults, and insider threats.

14. Describe two types of VLAN technologies.

1. VLAN technology types include: 1. IEEE 802.1Q VLANs: The standard

for VLAN tagging in Ethernet networks is IEEE 802.1Q. It makes it
possible for switches to separate network traffic into different VLANs by
inserting a VLAN identifier (VLAN ID) into the Ethernet frame header. In
workplace networks, IEEE 802.1Q VLANs are frequently used to logically
divide traffic according to department, function, or security requirements.
Multiple VLANs can be trunked over a single physical interface by
switches that enable IEEE 802.1Q, enabling VLAN communication
throughout the network.
2. 2. Virtual Extensible LAN (VXLAN): In large-scale virtualized systems,
VXLAN is a tunnelling protocol that addresses the scalability issues with
regular VLANs. It permits the extension of Layer 2 segments beyond Layer
3 boundaries by encapsulating Layer 2 Ethernet frames within Layer 3
UDP packets. With the help of VXLAN, virtual networks that span
geographically dispersed data centres or cloud environments may be
created, giving modern network designs flexibility, scalability, and
workload mobility. Frequently, VXLAN is utilized in tandem with network
virtualization technologies, such VMware NSX, to facilitate software-
defined networking (SDN), network segmentation, and multi-tenancy
features.

© 2020 RTO Works - RTO:45620 CRICOS CODE:03857D VERSION NO:1.1 APPROVED DATE:29/3/2023 |
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© 2020 RTO Works - RTO:45620 CRICOS CODE:03857D VERSION NO:1.1 APPROVED DATE:29/3/2023 |