Checkp Int: Hodder Education

Cambridge
checkp int
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Lower Secondary
World English
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WORKBOOK
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8
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Monica Menon
©
Richa Ahuja
Belinda Danker
EDUCATIONAL CONSULTANT:
Sioban Parker
311367 Checkpoint LS ESL Stage 8 WB.indd 1 1

WB CV.indd 04/03/2021
25/02/2021 11:20
15:05
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Answers have been written by the authors. These may not fully reflect the approach of Cambridge
Assessment International Education.
Answers are free to download at www.hoddereducation.com/cambridgeextras
Acknowledgements
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ISBN: 978 1 398311367
© Monica Menon, Richa Ahuja and Belinda Danker 2021
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First published in 2021 by

Hodder Education
An Hachette UK Company
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A catalogue record for this title is available from the British Library.
311367 Checkpoint LS ESL Stage 8 WB.indd 2 04/03/2021 11:20

Contents
Introduction 4
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Unit 1 Talking the talk 5
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Unit 2 Room to live 14
Unit 3 Storytelling 23
Unit 4 Advertising 32
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Unit 5 Music connects us 46
Unit 6 Natural wonders under threat 53
Unit 7 People who have influenced us 63
Unit 8 Building a better future 73
Unit 9 Our society
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Cambridge Checkpoint Lower Secondary World English Workbook 8
Introduction
Welcome to Cambridge Checkpoint Lower Secondary World English Workbook 8. This is the second
of three books intended to provide practice in the skills you have acquired by using the Cambridge
Checkpoint Lower Secondary World English series of student’s books. Each of the workbooks is
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planned to complement the corresponding student’s book and to support the material contained
in it.
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The chapters in Workbook 8 reflect the topics contained in Student’s Book 8. Each chapter contains
exercises to allow you to practise a range of key skills in the use of English which, in general, follow
the sequence of the advice given on these key skills in Student’s Book 8.
This workbook is intended both to help you acquire the skills to be fully competent in your ability
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to understand and write English and also to act as valuable support in your preparation for the
Cambridge Lower Secondary Checkpoint tests that you may take during your school career.
There is no set way to approach using the workbook – you may wish to use it to supplement your
understanding as you work through each chapter of the student’s book or you may prefer to use it
to recap on particular topics at a later point. It is hoped that the organisation of the material in the
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book is sufficiently flexible to allow whichever approach is best suited to your needs. Learners write
their answers in the space provided and should use additional paper if they need extra space.
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1 Talking the talk
Contextual clues
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Exercise 1
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Part A
Fill in the blanks with the words from the box.
language bilingual benefit
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English German culture
I am from England and my mother tongue is ................................... . I worked in different countries in
Europe, but I eventually settled in Germany. I became fluent in ................................... after living there
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for two years. It is a ................................... which is very different from my mother tongue. Living among
the natives of Germany and speaking like them has taught me many things about their
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................................... and the way they live. I am very happy that I can speak one other language in
addition to my mother tongue. I am officially a ................................... speaker.
Part B
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Fill in the blanks with suitable words.
The locals in a country speak in their native language and this is known as their ...................................
................................... . Their schools usually teach a ................................... ................................... . This gives

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students an opportunity to learn something new about the language and the ...................................
or way of life. Some people are fluent in three languages and they are known as ...................................
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speakers. ................................... speakers are those who are fluent in four or more languages.
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Pronouns 1
Exercise 2a
Fill in the blanks with words from the box. Where appropriate, you may use each word more
than once.
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I you he she it we they me
them her his my us your its
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1 Jane speaks in ................................. mother tongue when ................................. is at home.
2 The teacher asks Tony something about ................................. culture in Spain.
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3 Because she is a class monitor, the teacher always asks ................................. to help carry books.
4 A child understands the language of ................................. mother.
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5 The teacher always says that ................................. should write notes in our notebook.
6 The notebook ................................. have has many words in other languages. ................................. also
like drawing in ................................. notebook.
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7 Tammy keeps looking at ................................. whenever ................................. speak to each other in the
secret language.
8 Before leaving for school every day, ................................. mother reminds me to carry
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................................. dictionary.
9 The teacher told ................................. to discuss in their groups the official language of Canada.
10 Sherry’s horse swishes ................................. tail whenever ................................. says hello to ................................. .
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11 Make sure ................................. pronounce that long English word correctly.
12 Please tell ................................. that ................................. need to find the word in Google Translate for
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their project.
13 My father is from France. ................................. is French.
14 Lenny comes from Portugal. ................................. mother tongue is Portuguese.

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15 ‘David, .................................. need to practise ................................. English,’ says ................................. teacher.

1 Talking the talk
Pronouns 2
Exercise 2b
Fill in the blanks with words from the box. You may use each word more than once.
they them you it me
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our us she we
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1 Many people like learning new languages. .................................. attend classes so that the teacher
can teach .................................. to speak and use the language correctly.
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2 .................................. can find any word in any language by using an online translation engine on the
internet. However, learning languages from the internet may not make ..................................
a fluent speaker. .................................. takes a long time to be fluent in any language. A friend
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of mine, Janice, told .................................. that .................................. took three years to speak
Italian fluently.
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3 .................................. can learn a few languages at a time if that suits .................................. timing. In
Singapore, .................................. have to learn a second language in school. .................................. have a
few languages to choose from. This is quite common in schools around the world.
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4 Do .................................. know that learning a new language can also teach ..................................
something about the culture of the country? .................................. can make many friends around the
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world if all of .................................. can speak their language.
Demonstrative pronouns
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Exercise 3
Choose the appropriate word from the brackets and fill in the blanks.
1 Which country are .......................................... (that/these) people from?

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2 .......................................... (This/Those) country has 121 languages.

3 .......................................... (Those/That) language dictionaries on the table over there are for
the students.
4 I am trying to learn English and I find .......................................... (this/these) words so difficult

to pronounce.
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5 In .......................................... (that/those) days, it was part of the culture to light firecrackers during
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Chinese New Year.
6 Let us go over there and ask .......................................... (that/these) tourist if he needs help. He
looks lost.
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7 Take .......................................... (these/that) whiteboard markers to the teacher for our language class.
8 We should make sure that we gather .......................................... (this/those) tourists and bring them to
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.......................................... (that/these) buses here.
9 Please stay here and watch over .......................................... (that/these) foreign students before we
start our tour of the museum.
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10 Everyone has a mother tongue. .......................................... (Those/This) is the first language we learn.
11 You need to protect your feet from the snow when you leave for language class so please put on
.......................................... (that/this) pair of shoes by the door.
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12 There are .......................................... (that/these) different types of coffee to try and they all have
foreign-sounding names.
13 Do not carry .......................................... (those/that) dictionaries by yourself. They are heavy.

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14 What other plans have been made for .......................................... (these/that) foreign students
because their flight has been cancelled?
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15 You should learn French. .......................................... (Those/This) language is used widely in Europe.
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1 Talking the talk
Demonstrative and indefinite pronouns

Exercise 4
Fill in the blanks with a suitable pronoun from the box. Use capitalisation where appropriate.
something everybody anyone one
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these no one this any
Learning English can be difficult for many people. One reason could be the many aspects that
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go into the language. .......................................... aspects include phrasal verbs, prepositions and the
exceptions to grammar rules. It is hard for students of English to believe .......................................... who
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says that English is an easy language to learn.
There are so many exceptions to the different rules in the English language, which can make learning
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.......................................... language very difficult for new learners. Even with language classes and the
many dictionaries out there, it still takes years to learn English. .........................................., not even native
speakers, can say they have mastered the language.

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Learning .......................................... language takes practice. How does .......................................... practise?
Besides reading and listening, a very important aspect of getting good at a language is to speak
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it. Speaking with native speakers is good practice if given the opportunity. The advantage is your
mistakes are corrected on the spot. However, it is not .......................................... which is available to
many people. The best way of all is to live in the country where it is the official language. Being
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immersed in the culture and being among the people is the best way to practise because
.......................................... speaks the language!

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What and who are you?

Exercise 5
Fill in the blanks in the table with appropriate words.
I live in I am I speak
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England
American
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Spanish
Japanese
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Iran
Chinese
The Netherlands
Ghanaian du Italian
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Present continuous tense
Exercise 6
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Use the correct forms of the verbs to complete the sentences. You can use the present simple tense
or the present continuous tense. Write each sentence in the space provided.
1 We (go) on holiday tomorrow. I (be) so excited.
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.......................................................................................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................................................................................
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2 Do you (understand) Hindi? I think those people (speak) Hindi, but I am not sure.
.......................................................................................................................................................................................................
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.......................................................................................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................................................................................
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1 Talking the talk
3 The tour (lead) by a tour guide who (speak) Italian now. He also (speak) French, Arabic, German
and English!
.......................................................................................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................................................................................
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.......................................................................................................................................................................................................
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The second conditional
Exercise 7
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Draw lines to match the phrase from the first column to the phrase in the second column.
If I were you, I would she would get that job in Rome.
It would be useful if you could if he spoke more than four languages.
If she spoke Italian well, we would have many students.
If we were language teachers,
He would be multilingual
If they knew how to speak the local language,
I would have had the opportunity to meet the
French actor
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if we had an English–Ghanaian dictionary.
speak to her in simple English.
I would have to work hard to learn the local
language.
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If I were a foreign student, if I arrived earlier.
If they travelled to Austria, learn a new language.
It would be easier to translate it would have been easy for them to move
around the country.
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Quantifiable pronouns
Exercise 8a
Fill in the blanks with suitable quantifiers from the box. Use capitalisation where appropriate.
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much few one all

many none some any
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There are .............................. people in the world who find languages easy to learn. They become
fluent speakers in a very short time. I believe that almost everyone can learn to speak at least two
languages and .............................. of my friends speak only one language.

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As .............................. of us may know, languages have rules of grammar and rules for how sentences
are structured. To be able to switch between languages when using them puts extra strain on the
brain. However, over time and with .............................. practice, the human brain becomes used to it.
This does not mean that speakers of different languages use vocabulary correctly all the time and
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do not make .............................. mistakes at all.
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In reality, .............................. people who speak more than one language do mix words from their
mother tongue with a second language they know. This is common in Singapore, where we
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substitute Malay words in English sentences when speaking with other locals. This happens
.............................. the time and yet we understand each other. It is part of the culture and way of life.
Reciprocal pronouns
Exercise 8b
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.............................. can say that this is what makes a country’s culture unique and different.
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Choose the correct reciprocal pronoun to complete each sentence.
1 Jo and Anna like to dance with (each other/one another).
2 The two girls didn’t look at (one another/each other) as they walked down the street.
3 We acted in a play together. We still phone (one another/one another’s) every week.
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4 Although Rafael, Ben and Winston were good friends, they did not always agree with (one
another/each other) when discussing their favourite football team.
5 The members of the orchestra did not talk with (each other/one another) before the performance.
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More practice on pronouns

Exercise 8c
Complete these sentences by filling in the correct pronoun. Then in the brackets next to the word,
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write what kind of pronoun it is – demonstrative, indefinite, quantitative or reciprocal.

someone those this one everyone
these that any none each other
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1 If I get two dictionaries, I will give you ................................. (...............................................................)
2 Why the tourists are arguing is ................................. (...............................................................) of

your business.
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1 Talking the talk
3 ................................. (...............................................................) in my circle of friends is studying Russian.
4 ................................. (...............................................................) is a global economy, and communication is

part of every job.
5 ............................................. (...............................................................) are not the correct answers; here look at
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............................................. (...............................................................) instead.
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6 Will ................................. (...............................................................) please help this language student?
7 I refuse to do ................................. ! (...............................................................) It is not fair!
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8 Have all the books gone? Are there ................................. (...............................................................) left?
9 If you and I help ................................. (...............................................................) we can get this done quickly.
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Now fill in your own beginnings to these sentences. Use this structure: If + past tense verb.
10 .................................................................................... I would be able to speak to the locals.
11 .................................................................................... we would get to our destination faster.

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12 .................................................................................... he would understand what she was saying.
13 .................................................................................... I would be able to get a good job.
14 .................................................................................... you would be invited to local restaurants.

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2 Room to live
Adverbs
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Exercise 1
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Underline the adverb in each sentence. Use a dictionary to find out the meaning of each adverb and
write it in the space provided.
1 The decorator stylishly designed the living room in my summer home.
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.......................................................................................................................................................................................................
2 He plays the piano beautifully in his music room.
3 The neighbourhood in which Jane lives is extremely peaceful.

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.......................................................................................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................................................................................
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4 The children play happily in the garden with their neighbours’ pets.
.......................................................................................................................................................................................................
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5 The architect did the drawings very quickly as it was urgent.
.......................................................................................................................................................................................................
6 Rachel shouted angrily at her brothers because they entered her bedroom when she was sleeping.
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.......................................................................................................................................................................................................
7 The aisles in the supermarket are awkwardly narrow making it difficult for trolleys.
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.......................................................................................................................................................................................................
8 Raoul’s apartment is so ridiculously small that you have to walk sideways.

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.......................................................................................................................................................................................................
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2 Room to live
9 Many architects draw carefully as the measurements for their buildings have to be accurate.
.......................................................................................................................................................................................................
10 My mother regularly moves furniture around to make space for other new pieces of furniture.
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.......................................................................................................................................................................................................
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11 Father yelled for his children to get to the dining room quickly as lunch was ready.
.......................................................................................................................................................................................................
12 That office building has unusually large windows to allow sunlight in.
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.......................................................................................................................................................................................................
13 Make sure the books in the study are neatly arranged.
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.......................................................................................................................................................................................................
14 The designer made sure that all the furniture fitted nicely in the tiny apartment.
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.......................................................................................................................................................................................................
15 The movers made sure that all their belongings were neatly packed in boxes before the move.
.......................................................................................................................................................................................................
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Irregular adverbs
Exercise 2
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Fill in the blanks with the correct adverb from the brackets.
1 I have ................................................... (never/late) built a house by myself.
2 We shall view the houses ................................................... (today/tomorrow) as we are busy with buying
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furniture today.
3 The furniture sale at the warehouse continued ................................................... (fast/late) into the night.
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4 Alan would ................................................... (rather/more) buy a house than rent one.
5 The financial crisis has made it ................................................... (best/hard) to earn enough money to
buy a home.
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6 We ................................................... (almost/never) missed our chance to buy our dream home but we
made it minutes before the deadline.
7 Wendy is doing so ................................................... (hard/well) at her job that she owns two properties.
8 Miguel and Ramona sold their house and ................................................... (now/soon) live with their
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daughter in Daisy Street.
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9 It was a nightmare for us with the movers ................................................... (yesterday/tomorrow) but
everything is calmer today.
10 Oh, I have ................................................... (already/well) finished unpacking my boxes.
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11 I think we should start packing ................................................... (fast/soon) before the movers arrive.
12 We will definitely need ................................................... (most/more) help after we move into our
new apartment.
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13 It is ................................................... (well/best) not to enter that abandoned building as it looks like it is
about to collapse.
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14 Winston and Elisabeth chose to buy a house ................................................... (fast/far) away from the
rest of the family.
15 The architect had to do the drawings ................................................... (quick/fast) because he wanted to

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win the contract.
Adverbs
Exercise 3
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Correct the passage with suitable adverbs. The incorrect words are underlined. Hint: not all adverbs
end in ‘-ly’.
An architect does several things in her job. One of them is to produce drawings to suit the client’s
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needs. The drawings produced by an architect are neat ............................................. drawn with precise
and detailed measurements. As late ............................................. as the client approves the drawings, the
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architect will then co-ordinate with the contractors to ensure that work is carried after
............................................. according to plan. During the renovation work, the architect will be required
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2 Room to live
to visit the construction site regular ............................................. to check on the progress. Problems can
be expected for these construction projects, but these are usual ............................................. handled
efficient ............................................. .
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Architects are specialists in their field and are creative ............................................. skilful in their drawings.
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They do their work with passion to give their better ............................................. to the buildings they create.
Comparative and superlative adverbs

Exercise 4
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Change the word in brackets to a suitable adverb, a comparative adverb or a superlative adverb
1 Jackie’s architectural drawings are done .................................... (accurate). Her architect-father does
his drawings .................................... (accurate) than Jackie.
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2 Kenny looked .................................... (thoughtful) out his window.
3 Their children .................................... (selfish) kept all the money from the sale of their
parents’ apartment.
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4 Creating a window sill for the house is .................................... (easy) done but is definitely
.................................... (easy) done with a 3D printer.

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5 The young family was .................................... (eager) waiting to move into their new home.
6 Mr and Mrs Ahmed are happy with their .................................... (perfect) decorated apartment.
7 They .................................... (foolish) spent all their savings on furniture and now have none left to
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spend on renovations.
8 Mike and Samira fell .................................... (hopeless) in love with the house on the corner of
the street.
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9 Many of the beautiful paintings in his house were .................................... (sad) sold for very
little money.
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10 Maggie waited .................................... (anxious) for the news that she won the bid for the luxury flat.
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Stronger adverbs
Exercise 5
Fill in the blanks with the correct phrase from the box.
quite a lot a bit less very much slightly less a bit bigger
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Many of us like to compare the size of our homes. Families like to compare whose homes are
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................................................ or ................................................... bigger than others. I do not see why this
matters to some people. What is more important to me is a home should be warm and cosy to you
and your guests. I love my home ................................................... . My tiny apartment has
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................................................... space than a studio apartment. What I like about my apartment is
although I have ................................................... room than most people, it is comfortable and lived-in.
Present tense
Exercise 6
1 Change the words in brackets to the present tense.
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My parents ............................................................ (renovated) our house every two years in November
so that it will be ready for Christmas. The colours of the walls ............................................................
(depending) on my mother’s moods. The contractors ............................................................ (were)

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now painting the walls black with gold glitter. I have to say that although it
............................................................ (making) the house dark, the glitter ............................................................

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(looked) like stars at night. However, during the day it ............................................................ (did) not
have that same effect. My father ............................................................ (allowed) Mother to do whatever
she ............................................................ (wanted) because he ............................................................ (liking) to

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see her happy. He happily ............................................................ (spent) the money for the work every
two years without grumbling.

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2 Room to live
2 Underline the correct word in the passage.
How many times have you moved your furniture around? I know a few friends that (moved/move)
furniture in their homes once every three months. It is obvious that they (get/got) bored of seeing
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their furniture in the same place for a long time. These people (like/liked) to see change in their
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lives. I (found/find) it hard work to move furniture in my house. So it will be a long time before I
(change/changed) the position of mine at home.
What about you? How often do you (make/made) changes in your bedroom? I (think/thought)
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there are many teenagers who hardly move things in their bedrooms. Often, they (did/do) not
even want to pick their clothes off the floor. It (is/was) a common fact that teenagers (tended/
tend) to be untidy.
Prepositional phrases and phrasal verbs

Exercise 7
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Prepositional phrases and phrasal verbs are underlined in each sentence below. Use these to fill in
the correct columns of the table underneath.
l Malik’s house is near the ocean in Malibu.
l They have decided to pull down that old house because it is not safe.
l I like asking people over to my house once in a while for a party.
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l Please go over to Paul’s place to pick up the parcel for me.

l James rushed out the door because he did not want to be late.
l We must make a trip around the world in our camper van one day.
l Did you find out how much that apartment block is being sold for?
l Look inside the big box in your bedroom and see if your winter socks are there.
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l Are you sure that this scarf belongs with your T-shirts on the shelf?
l I like walking through the forest near my house every morning.
Prepositional phrase Phrasal verb

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Future active and simple passive forms

Exercise 8
Add ‘going to’ and ‘will’ to the verb and create sentences with each one. An example has been done
for you.
1 do
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a She is going to do her exercise in her room.
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b She will do her exercise in her room.
2 make
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a going to make �� .
b will make �� .
3 finish
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a going to finish �� .
b will finish �� .

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4 ask
a �� .
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b �� .
5 manage
a �� .
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b �� .
6 start at 3 p.m.
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a �� .
b �� .
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2 Room to live
7 build
a �� .
b �� .
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8 design
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a �� .
b �� .
9 clear
ca
a �� .
b �� .
10 declutter on Sunday du
a �� .
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b �� .
11 live
a �� .
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b �� .
Future and present tenses

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Exercise 9
Fill in the blanks with either the future or present tense.
1 Not many people ................................................ (live) in a house for more than 30 years.
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2 The owners are ................................................ (renovate) the flat in March.
3 Our neighbours ................................................ (like) making so much noise in the mornings.

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4 ................................................ you ................................................ (deliver) the table to your grandmother

next Wednesday?
5 Sheila said that she is ................................................ (bake) the cake in her new kitchen on Friday.
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6 She ................................................ (keep) giving away old and broken things from her garage.
7 Are you sure you are ................................................ (clean) your bedroom today?
8 This living room is so big that we can ................................................ (ride) our bicycles in it.
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9 How are we ................................................ (move) these boxes into the hall?
10 The atmosphere in my flat ................................................ (make) my visitors relaxed.
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11 Their son ................................................ (buy) his own home in 2021.
12 Mandy ................................................ (report) to the police that her house was broken into.
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13 The contractors are ................................................ (fix) our broken gate now.
14 Jennifer ................................................ (replace) her window so often because her neighbour’s son
keeps throwing the ball in the wrong direction.
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15 The gardener ................................................ (cut) the tree in our garden tomorrow.
Future passive form

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Exercise 10
Fill in the blanks with the future passive form of the verb in brackets.
1 Nelly’s siblings .................................................................................... (ask) to do their homework when their
mother returns from work.
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2 We .................................................................................... (teach) how to use the remote control to turn on

the lights in the house.
3 The children .................................................................................... (give) their ice cream in the dining room.
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4 The construction of the building .................................................................................... (halt) if we do not pay

the workers their bonus.
5 I wonder how the house .................................................................................... (sell) if the owners cannot
be found.
H
6 The plants .................................................................................... (place) on the steps at the entrance of

the house.
7 Our food .................................................................................... (eat) at the table in the kitchen.
©
8 The driveway .................................................................................... (clean) while you are away.

9 Their contract for the purchase of the caravan .................................................................................... (sign) by
the buyers later today.
10 The grand opening .................................................................................... (organise) by Mr Lee’s employees.
22

3 Storytelling
Whose story is it?
n
Exercise 1
tio
Read the transcript of Audio 3.1 below then answer the questions.
The Fox and the Crow

A crow stole a piece of cheese from a cottage window and flew up into a tall tree. A fox, who had seen
ca
this happen, said to himself, ‘If I am smart, I will have cheese for supper tonight.’
‘Good afternoon, Miss Crow,’ said Fox. ‘How beautiful you look today. Your feathers shine in the light.
Your neck is as graceful as a swan’s, and your wings mightier than an eagle’s. I am sure that if you had a
voice, you would sing as sweetly as a nightingale.’
du
Crow, pleased with such praise, wanted to prove that she could sing. As soon as she opened her mouth to
crow, the cheese fell to the ground, and Fox snapped it up.
As he trotted off he called back to Crow, ‘I may have talked much about your beauty, but I said nothing
about your brains.’
The moral of the story? Don’t be fooled by fancy talk, or flattery!
rE
What is the meaning of the words and phrases in the table below? What is the word or phrase that
supported your understanding of the words and phrases?
Word or phrase Meaning
de
fooled by fancy talk
word or phrase that supported

my understanding
flattery
od
word or phrase that supported

my understanding
Using adjectives to describe people and events

H
Exercise 2
Read the sentences and complete them with appropriate adjectives from the box below.
©
delicious scary wicked kind curious

rich hungry magical boastful brave
1 Cinderella waited patiently for her ........................................... stepmother and stepsisters to return
from the ball.
23

2 Although she was hungry, ........................................... Cinderella always made sure she had some bread
to share with the mice in the house.
3 Although Tom knew it might be dangerous, he was ........................................... and wanted to see what
was in the cave.
4 The children covered their faces when they watched the ........................................... movie
n
about monsters.
5 David, the farmer’s son, was very ........................................... as he fought the giant from the Dark Forest.
tio
6 Aladdin rubbed his ........................................... lamp and the genie appeared immediately to grant him
three wishes.
7 The man who drives a shiny, gold car and lives in a castle must be ........................................... .
ca
8 Tortoise smiled in silence as he listened to ........................................... Hare brag about his speed and power.
9 Red Riding Hood hungrily sniffed the ........................................... cakes her mother had baked for her
grandmother.
10 The ........................................... wolf tailed Red Riding Hood all the way home.
Comparative and superlative adjectives

Exercise 3
du
rE
Part A
Read the sentences and circle the correct adjectives, comparatives or superlatives in each sentence.
Then choose if the adjective in the sentence has ‘two or fewer syllables’ or ‘more than three
syllables’ by writing it in the column.
de
Sentence ‘two or fewer syllables’/‘more than three syllables’

1 The Hare believed that he was faster/more fast than
the tortoise.
2 The prince was happier/most happy when he found
the woman the shoe belonged to.
od
3 The evil queen believed that she was the more

beautiful/most beautiful lady in the land.
4 Hansel and Gretel had never seen such a big/bigger
gingerbread house before.
5 King Midas became the most rich/richest man in the
world because everything he touched turned to gold.
H
6 Fox was smarter/more smarter than the crow.
7 The Wolf was hungry/hungrier as he had not eaten

for many days.
©
8 Cinderella was more kind/the kindest girl in town.
9 The dragon princess was braver/more braver than

any other girl.
10 The third bed Goldilocks tried was the better/ the
best one.
24

3 Storytelling
Part B
Fill in the blanks with suitable adjectives from the box. Use each adjective only once.
kind long huge floppy happy
naughty unsuspecting angry contented mean
n
In a jungle in India, many animals were ................................................... because they lived in peace. They
were also ................................................... because they had plenty to eat.
tio
This story is about an elephant who was ................................................... and treated other animals with
respect. He was patient and always wanted to help others. In this jungle, there also lived a
ca
................................................... ant who was always up to no good. He would make fun of how the
animals looked. ‘Your ................................................... neck makes your body look funny’, the ant would
du
say to the giraffe. To the elephant, he would say, ‘Your ................................................... ears can be used to
wrap presents at Christmas and it must be hard for smells to reach your brain with that
................................................... trunk of yours.’ The words the ant used were ...................................................
rE
and hurt the feelings of the other animals.
The elephant became ................................................... and wanted to teach the ant a lesson. He waited for
de
the ................................................... ant to climb on his back and the elephant immediately jumped into
the water. As the ant could not swim, he was washed away and never bothered the animals in the
jungle ever again.

od
More red vocabulary

Exercise 4
Complete the following sentences with the correct words or phrase from the words in the box.
H
seeing red red herring red-letter day

red-faced red-handed red carpet
©
1 The little girl stood ............................................................................................................ as her friends laughed

at the unmatched shoes she had put on by mistake.
25

2 The police officers were frustrated after they realised the anonymous phone call had been a
............................................................................................................ .
3 The celebrity walked on the ............................................................................................................ when she

arrived at the awards ceremony.
n
4 The burglar was caught ............................................................................................................ by the neighbours
tio
as he came out of the house.
5 This public holiday was a ............................................................................................................ for the

whole country.
ca
6 The market trader was ............................................................................................................ when he realised
that the little boy had knocked over the apples on his display.
Idiomatic gap-fill activity

Exercise 5
Part A
du
rE
Fill in the blanks with idiomatic expressions from the box. Use each expression only once.
red-letter day red carpet red-handed
seeing red red-faced red herring
Today is a ............................................................................................. for me, one which I will never forget for the
de
rest of my life. It is the day when I will be given the .............................................................................................
treatment as I walk into the hall to receive an award for winning the short story competition.
od
The story is about an elderly man, Howard, who gives misleading information to his friends about the
location of the fountain of youth. This ............................................................................................. lands many of his
friends in trouble with the police. All of his friends keep .............................................................................................
H
because they are so angry with Howard.
Howard gets caught ............................................................................................. after his friends lay a trap and
©
he falls for it. Howard becomes ............................................................................................. with embarrassment
and shame and he apologises to his friends, promising never to lie to them again. They forgive him
and become friends with him again.
26

3 Storytelling
Part B
Make your own sentences in the space below using any three of the idiomatic expressions you have
learned in Part A.
.............................................................................................................................................................................................................
n
.............................................................................................................................................................................................................
tio
.............................................................................................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................................................................................
ca
.............................................................................................................................................................................................................
Colourful vocabulary
Exercise 6
Match the phrases on the right to complete the sentences on the left.
du yellow-bellied
rE
Goldilocks’ soda was ......................................................... the grass in her garden.
green light
Jafar’s face went ......................................................... because he was so angry that he could
not get the lamp from Aladdin.

This chance to write a story for the movie does not happen all the time. It is a as green as
de
......................................................... .
out of the blue
Goldilocks’ face became pale like paper and ......................................................... when she saw
three bears looking at her.

red with fury
od
Her mother allowed her and gave her the ......................................................... to watch the
play, The Dragon Princess, because she finished her homework.

green with envy
The cave had no light and was ......................................................... .
The wolf was so scared of the woodcutter that he called himself a as black as the night
H
......................................................... coward.
golden opportunity
Cinderella’s sisters were jealous and became ......................................................... when the
shoe fitted Cinderella perfectly.

©
Everyone believed that the main character was a good person, but he showed his as white as a sheet
.................................... when he refused to help with the fundraising event.

I never thought I would win the movie award! It was completely unexpected and so true colours
......................................................... .
27

Which tense?
Exercise 7
Part A
Read the sentences carefully and fill in the blanks with the correct tenses from the helping
words provided.
n
1 Too-Too-Moo ................................................ (break) the door down to save her mother.
tio
2 The rich woman ................................................ (feed) her pets the best food she could buy.
3 The children ................................................ (stand) patiently in line to buy their storybooks.
ca
4 We all ................................................ (eat) popcorn during the storytelling event at the library last week.
5 My father ................................................ (drive) very fast as we did not want to be late for the
stage play.
du
6 The pre-schoolers ................................................ (hear) the story of the greedy monkey this morning.
7 Her sister ................................................ (drink) so much milkshake in the theatre that she
rE
................................................ (do) not want to have any dinner.
8 The fans on stage ................................................ (blow) so strongly that the props ................................................
(fall) down.
de
9 He ................................................ (study) so hard for the part of the main character but he
................................................ (do) not get the role.
10 It was so dark in the theatre that the lady ................................................ (trip) and
od
................................................ (fall).
H
©
28

3 Storytelling
Part B
Carefully read the passage based on the Indonesian folk tale of Bawang Putih (Garlic) and Bawang
Merah (Shallot), which is also called an Asian Cinderella story. Fill in the blanks with the correct tenses
from the helping words provided.
Bawang Merah was the ................................................... (spoil) daughter of a rich widow. Bawang Putih
n
was the step-daughter and she was honest and hard-working. Bawang Merah and her mother
tio
................................................... (mistreat) Bawang Putih and ................................................... (force) her to do
all the work in the house while they ................................................... (relax) and ...................................................
(enjoy) themselves.
ca
One day, when Bawang Putih was washing clothes by the stream, she accidentally
................................................... (drop) her sarong in the water. She ................................................... (run) along
du
the stream and ................................................... (come) to an old hut. The old woman who
................................................... (live) there ................................................... (promise) to return the sarong to

rE
Bawang Putih if she ................................................... (clean) and ................................................... (cook) for the
old woman. In return the old woman ................................................... (give) her a choice of two pumpkins,
a small one and a big one. She ................................................... (choose) the small one. She
de
................................................... (open) it and there were priceless jewels in it.
Joining a story together

Exercise 8
od
Join the sentences with the connectives indicated in the brackets and rewrite them in the
spaces provided.
1 Bawang Merah saw the jewels that Bawang Putih found in the pumpkin. She went to visit the old
woman. (when)
H
.......................................................................................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................................................................................
©
.......................................................................................................................................................................................................
29

2 The evil step-sisters tried their hardest to fit into the glass slipper. It would not fit them. (however)
.......................................................................................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................................................................................
n
.......................................................................................................................................................................................................
tio
3 The Dragon Princess breathes fire when angry. She is kind when she is not angry. (although)
.......................................................................................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................................................................................
ca
.......................................................................................................................................................................................................
4 The Emperor’s seeds would not grow into plants. The seeds had been boiled. (because)
du
.......................................................................................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................................................................................
rE
.......................................................................................................................................................................................................
5 Mulan joined the army in place of the son that her father did not have. She cut off her hair to look
like a boy. (and so)
de
.......................................................................................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................................................................................
od
.......................................................................................................................................................................................................
6 The ant was mean to the tiger, giraffe and monkey. They quickly threatened him. (but)
.......................................................................................................................................................................................................
H
.......................................................................................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................................................................................
©
30

3 Storytelling
7 Bawang Merah wanted the jewels that the old woman gave her step-sister. She did not get
them. (although)
.......................................................................................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................................................................................
n
.......................................................................................................................................................................................................
tio
8 The giant chased Jack all the way to the beanstalk. The giant could not catch him. (but)
.......................................................................................................................................................................................................
ca
.......................................................................................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................................................................................
lamp. (however)
du
9 Jafar fought hard against Aladdin to get the magical lamp. Aladdin won the fight and kept the
.......................................................................................................................................................................................................
rE
.......................................................................................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................................................................................
10 Sang Kancil asked the crocodiles to line up across the river. He quickly hopped on their backs and
de
got to the other side. (then)
.......................................................................................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................................................................................
od
.......................................................................................................................................................................................................
H
©
31

4 Advertising
Abstract nouns
n
Exercise 1
tio
Part A
Fill in the blanks with one of the following words.
envy happy scare cool worry
ca
emotions logic sad peer pressure interview
1 Milan was .................................................................. to welcome Julia to the interview.
2 An advertisement that talks about harmful bacteria on the skin could

du
.................................................................. the consumer into buying a skin-cleaning product.
3 It is believed that more products are sold when advertisements use our
rE
.................................................................. to scare or excite us.
4 Do not .................................................................. that the product will not work as studies and testimonies
of people from all around the world have shown that it does.
de
5 You cannot depend only on .................................................................. to explain why that product works,
instead facts and figures will make the advertisement more convincing.
6 I .................................................................. my classmate because she has two pairs of trainers of the

od
same brand that my favourite basketball player wears for major competitions.
7 First you apply for the job through the advertisement in the newspapers, then you apply to the
company and finally, you hope that you will be invited for an .................................................................. .
H
8 Milan wants to look .................................................................., so he buys a soccer jersey that has the
name of a famous football club on it.
©
9 Loyal customers of Nike will surely feel .................................................................. when they discontinue a
few of their popular sports items.
10 Often cosmetics of a certain brand are sold to customers of the same age group and records
show that the sales are the result of .................................................................. .
32

4 Advertising
Part B
Highlight all the prepositions you can find in the above sentences by underlining them.
Prepositional phrases
Exercise 2
n
Conduct some internet research on a product brand for each of the categories shown in the table
below, including how they are advertised. Complete the table with the information that you find.
tio
Chocolate bar Bubble tea Smartphone
Name the item or
brand
ca
du
rE
Create a tag line for
the product using
a prepositional
phrase
de
od
Why do you think

this is a successful
advertisement?
H
©
33

Advertising research
Exercise 3
Search online for advertisements of products that have existed for many years. Pick one
advertisement and write about how it has changed over time. Use the present perfect forms in your
writing. You may use the template and questions provided below to guide you. An example is also
n
provided to help you get started.
Example
tio
Name of product: LEGO
The Lego Group have made toys since 1932. The founder, Ole Kirk Khristiansen, invented wooden
pieces called ‘bricks’ that would snap and interlock with each other. Plastic bricks have since replaced
the wooden ones. These days LEGO has created more pieces with additional, varied shapes and
ca
users have built impressive structures such as houses, buildings and vehicles.
Name of product
When was it invented?

du
rE
de
What was the first product to be

advertised and how was it advertised?
od
How is the product advertised now?

H
Why do you think advertising this

©
product has changed over time?
34

4 Advertising
Present perfect tense

Exercise 4
Part A
Fill in the blanks of the following passage with the present perfect form of the verb in brackets.
n
For decades, Zesty Morning Fruit Juice ........................................................................... (be) the top choice of
many juice-drinkers in the United Kingdom. Recently, however, the company
tio
........................................................................... (observe) that there are many different brands of juice
available in the market. Instead of sending out potentially annoying advertisements, Zesty Morning
ca
Fruit Juice ........................................................................... (decide) to use a different strategy. They found
that people liked to connect with one another through social media. The advertising agency
du
working with the company ........................................................................... (come) up with a way to ensure
their customers stayed loyal to the Zesty brand. They ........................................................................... (find)
people like to send pictures explaining their mood at the start of the day. The advertising agency
rE
........................................................................... (make) pictures of different faces, such as a sleepy face, sad
face and a happy face, to show how people felt better after drinking Zesty Morning Fruit Juice. People
could send one of the pictures to show their friends how they felt. Through the clever use of online
de
marketing, the different faces ........................................................................... (become) famous and Zesty
Morning Fruit Juice ........................................................................... (be) purchased by lots of new customers.

od
Part B
Fill in the blanks with the correct form of the verb in brackets.
1 Zesty Morning Fruit Juice ................................................ (has/have) ................................................ (be) a

H
popular brand of juice in the UK for many years.
2 Recently, they ................................................ (has/have) ................................................ (start) to notice

competition from other brands.
©
3 The advertising team from Zesty Morning Fruit Juice ................................................ (has/have)
................................................ (find) out that no one opens online advertisements.
35

4 However, many people ................................................(has/have) ................................................(express)

interest in sending pictures to their friends and loved ones.
5 The images of different faces ................................................ (has/have) ................................................

(express) many different moods in the advertising campaign.
n
Present perfect tense in survey questions
tio
Exercise 5
1 Here are some verbs based on the survey questions and responses on page 63 of the Student’s
Book. Underline the verbs in the present perfect tense. The first one has been done for you.
ca
a I have always liked online advertising.
b Print advertising has been my favourite for years.
c I have found online advertising to be very useful and informative.
du
d Online advertising has worried me for a long time – how do they know exactly what you are
interested in?
rE
e In the past, I have visited a brand’s webpage if I see my friend liking it.
f I have bought things online in the past, but I have had to return them.
2 Now make another sentence using the same present perfect tense verbs used in the sentences
de
above. The first one has been done for you.

a I have always liked Mary’s Cupcakes.
b ��
od
��
c ��
H
��
d ��
©
��
36

4 Advertising
e ��
��
f ��
n
��
tio
Antonyms and prefixes
Exercise 6
Part A
ca
Match the following words to their antonyms.
bold undesirable
tempting public
unique brave
confidential
avoid
scared
ordinary
confront
timid
du
rE
��
��
��
de
Part B
Add a prefix (un-, non-, in-, im-) to each of the following words to change their meaning to the
opposite. Make a sentence with the new word.
1 ..... conventional
od
��
��
H
2 ..... inspiring
��
©
��
37

3 ..... essential
��
��
n
4 ..... secure
tio
��
��
5 ..... limited
ca
��
��
6 ..... mature du
��
rE
��
Present perfect forms

Exercise 7
de
Fill in the blanks with the correct form of the verbs in brackets.
1 Shafika asks Tariq if he ..................................................................... (hear) of the Ice Bucket Challenge.

od
2 Tariq says that many celebrities ..................................................................... (participate) in the challenge.
3 The Ice Bucket Challenge ..................................................................... (become) popular through social media.
4 Many friends ..................................................................... (record) themselves doing the challenge.

H
5 Many people ..................................................................... (raise) funds for the ALS Association through
the challenge.
©
38

4 Advertising
Prepositions
Exercise 8
Fill in the blanks with these prepositions. You may use them more than once.
for to by on over in across
n
The Ice Bucket Challenge was started .................................................. a few friends who wished to raise
tio
funds ................................................... the ALS Association. Its purpose was ................................................... raise
awareness ................................................... Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS), a disease which reduces
the brain’s control of our muscles, and ................................................... time, causes these muscles to
ca
decrease ................................................... size.
The challenge involved having a bucket of ice water thrown ................................................... one’s
du
head. The participant would then nominate another person to take ................................................... the
challenge. The Ice Bucket Challenge raised ................................................... $220 million from
rE
................................................... the globe. The funds contributed towards ALS research.
Gerunds with perception verbs

Exercise 9
de
Complete the following table with a suitable gerund. The first one has been done for you.
Verb Gerund Sentence
run running There is a craze for running after a series of interesting advertisements.
be
............................................................ gluten-free is easier now as there are different
od
flours available.
teach
............................................................ is a great profession to be in.
watch
I don’t like to play sport, but I really enjoy ............................................................ .
H
advertise
............................................................ has become more popular online.
record
An advertising company sometimes does a ............................................................
as part of their advertisements.
©
39

Gerunds and infinitives

Exercise 10
1 Form a gerund with each of the verbs in Group A.
2 Now form a sentence using one of the perception verbs in Group B. Remember to insert a
n
preposition after the gerund.
tio
The first one has been done for you.
Group A Gerund Sentence
sail sailing I love sailing on windy days.
ca
study
read
du
rE
watch
de
play
od
ski
H
©
Group B love/dislike/enjoy/
recommend/avoid/suggest
40

4 Advertising
Prepositional verbs and gerunds

Exercise 11
Part A
Create new sentences with the underlined words used in the following sentences.
n
1 The Ice Bucket Challenge was created to help raise funds.
tio
��
��
2 Hiking was featured in this month’s sports magazine.
ca
��
��
du
3 If you want your advertisement published, it has to be submitted to the publishers on time.
��
rE
��
4 Did you see that advertisement promoting dancing as a form of exercise?
��
de
��
5 This poster has circulated around the world many times.

od
��
��
H
6 You have to get along with the editor and publisher or you will not have your
advertisement published.
��
©
��
41

7 To register for the class, you have to fill out the registration form.
��
��
n
8 We believe in advertising on social media platforms as it reaches more people around the world.
tio
��
��
9 The article aims at teenagers and trends relating to their behaviour.
ca
��
��
10 Advertising must be targeted at the right audience. du

��
rE
��
Part B
This is a dialogue between two friends, Amin and Nat, talking about their hobbies. The first few
lines of dialogue are given using gerunds, verbs that act as nouns by adding ‘-ing’. Create dialogue
de
sentences to complete this conversation.

Amin: Hi Nat! Have not seen you in a while. What have you been doing?
Nat: Hi Amin! Long time! Well, I have picked up a new hobby, designing.
od
Amin: What have you been designing?

Nat: School bags. What about yourself?
Amin: That’s so cool! Well, I have picked up a new hobby too! It’s �� .
H
Nat: ��
Amin: ��
©
Nat: ��
Amin: ��
42

4 Advertising
Compound nouns
Exercise 12
Form compound nouns from the following nouns. Your answers should be in the form of a single
word.
Part A
n
ware green fire fall house set
tio
wall web rain site sun soft
��
ca
��
��
Part B
joined by a hyphen.
well
being
in
daughter
law
take
du
Form compound nouns from the following nouns. Your answers should be in the form of two words
check
off
rE
��
��
de
Part C
Form compound nouns from the following nouns. Your answers should be in the form of a few words.
small vice fish lady field cleaner
first president talk soccer tank dry
od
��
��
H
��
©
43

Organic Valley comprehension

Exercise 13
Read the passage on Organic Valley and answer the questions that follow.
Organic Valley – Good food, Grown right! Sometimes
n
truth is the best advertising tool there is
tio
The Organic Valley brand proves that you don’t have to do something technologically ground-breaking
to sell your product; sometimes you just need to tell the story of how you got there.
A group of ‘long-haired barefoot hippies’, as they call themselves, started a farming co-operative
30 years ago. They were one of the first farming groups who wanted to grow good food, sustainably,
without chemicals. They marketed themselves as Good food, Grown right!
ca
The farmers owned and ran the company, and got paid five dollars an hour. Their goal was not to make
a lot of money; it was to find a way of successfully growing food organically.
Thirty years later things have changed, but the same group of farmers are still running the company.
Their recent advertising campaign shows the ‘long-haired hippies’ who founded the company, as they
And the CEO drives a hybrid car instead of riding an old truck.
The success of the Organic Valley advertising campaign rests on these two key points:
l Show your story in an authentic way.
du
are now, 30 years later. They all still work for Organic Valley, and are as passionate about the good food
they grow now, as they were then. They just have a little less hair. And some of them wear shoes now.
rE
l Your company values can set you apart from the competition.
1 Do you think that the owners at Organic Valley faced any challenges in the beginning? What
could these have been? List two challenges. (Hint: think about cost of living and how much they
pay themselves, how long the crops need to grow, etc.)
de
��
��
od
��
��
H
��
��
©
��
��
��
44

4 Advertising
2 Name one thing that could have gone wrong when they started this venture.
��
��
n
��
tio
3 How do you know that Organic Valley is a successful enterprise and still thriving in spite of
low wages?
��
ca
��
��
du
rE
de
od
H
©
45

5 Music connects us
What music do you like?
n
Exercise 1
tio
Using information from Worksheet 1a (Extra music questions) and the information you have
gathered about some of your classmates’ views on music, summarise their ideas and make some
links. You may want to suggest what are some common views and what are some likes and dislikes.
ca
.............................................................................................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................................................................................
du
.............................................................................................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................................................................................
rE
.............................................................................................................................................................................................................
Present perfect tense

Exercise 2
de
Fill in the blanks with suitable phrases from the box.

has helped have worn has used have moved has made
have influenced has felt have performed have advertised has organised
od
1 Many bands ........................................................................... in this venue for over 50 years.
2 He ........................................................................... many new people break into the music industry.

H
3 These performers ........................................................................... the fans into following them all over
the country.
©
4 They ........................................................................... to the countryside instead of the city for

their concerts.
5 The organisers ........................................................................... on social media, in the newspapers and

with posters.
46

5 Music connects us
6 The school ........................................................................... posters to inform the town of the

upcoming performance.
7 The fans ........................................................................... the same T-shirts for more than ten years.
8 The city council ........................................................................... a concert to raise funds for the new school.
n
9 No one ........................................................................... more excited than Tommy who attended the music
tio
festival for the first time.
10 He ........................................................................... up all his savings to attend the music show in Germany.
ca
Relative pronouns and relative pronouns with prepositions
Exercise 3
Fill in the blanks with appropriate pronouns or pronouns with prepositions.
who
from which
from whom
for whom
where
with which duin which
from where
when
to whom
1 The music school ........................................................................... I bought my piano has closed down.

rE
2 The person ........................................................................... first taught me to play the guitar when I was six
has moved away.
3 The relative ........................................................................... I received the concert ticket could not go

de
with me.
4 I need to know ........................................................................... the music festival will be held this year.
od
5 The train ........................................................................... I travelled to meet my friends at the venue

broke down.
6 The audience ........................................................................... the concert was organised was surprised to

H
see their favourite singer.
7 She told me she left her house about an hour ago to meet us but I am not sure
........................................................................... she will arrive, so we cannot leave for the concert yet.
©
8 The guitar ........................................................................... the musician played had one string missing.
47

9 The person ........................................................................... you sold the band’s T-shirt stole another one
from the stall.
10 You have to know ........................................................................... the car will pick you up to bring you to
the concert venue.
n
Barriers comprehension
tio
Exercise 4
Refer to Texts A, B and C on pages 78–79 of the Student’s Book to find the answers to the
following questions.
ca
1 What were the four areas identified as barriers in the Student’s Book?
.......................................................................................................................................................................................................
2 Where did Meera move to and what did she find difficult after the move?
du
.......................................................................................................................................................................................................
3 How did she find a way to make new friends?

rE
.......................................................................................................................................................................................................
4 What does a person with Asperger syndrome feel at times?
.......................................................................................................................................................................................................
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5 Why can this disorder be a barrier?
.......................................................................................................................................................................................................
od
6 What did this person with Asperger syndrome do to make himself/herself happy and confident?
.......................................................................................................................................................................................................
H
7 How have the women mentioned in Text C broken barriers in the music world?
.......................................................................................................................................................................................................
©
8 What is Queen Latifah famous for?
.......................................................................................................................................................................................................
48

5 Music connects us
9 Who was known as one of the greatest singers of all time?
.......................................................................................................................................................................................................
10 What did the women mentioned in Text C of the Student Book have in common?
n
.......................................................................................................................................................................................................
tio
Present perfect continuous tense
Exercise 5
Change the verb in brackets into the present perfect continuous tense.
ca
1 He ......................................................... (move) from place to place since his favourite band went on tour.
2 The organisers of the concert ......................................................... (work) on the budget for two months.
du
3 The children ......................................................... (listen) to this style of music since they were babies.
4 Charlie ......................................................... (spend) his money on YouTube videos and concert tickets for
his favourite music artist.
rE
5 We ......................................................... (attend) music lessons to learn the piano.
6 They ......................................................... (watch) music videos since this morning.
7 We ......................................................... (buy) iTunes music since a year ago.

de
8 The talented musician ............................................................... (write) music since he received his first guitar.
9 Beyoncé is a skilful dancer and she ......................................................... (dance) for many years.
od
10 Many successful rappers ......................................................... (rap) in basements and attics for a

long time.
11 My neighbour ......................................................... (help) youths develop musically.

H
12 We ......................................................... (consider) building a studio in our basement.
13 Fans of that band ......................................................... (wear) the same style of T-shirt since the band
©
became famous.
14 Many famous musicians ......................................................... (perform) in this venue since it was built.
15 Famous music brands ......................................................... (advertise) in local newspapers for years.
49

Punctuation 1
Exercise 6
Draw lines to match the reasons in the left-hand column with the punctuation in the right-hand column.
To show the reader when to take a short pause
.
n
To show the end of a sentence
!
tio
To show the end of a question
,
To join words
-
ca
To show the actual words that someone spoke
“”
At the end of a phrase or sentence, to show surprise or anger or for emphasis
?
Punctuation 2
Exercise 7
du
rE
Correct the following passage by using the appropriate punctuation and capitalisation where
necessary. Rewrite the passage on the lines below.
wouldnt it be wonderful if music could bring peace to the world it is always hoped that music will teach
people to unite and stand together against injustices over the years many musicians have come together
to raise funds for the poor the victims of war and abuse and other reasons
de
.............................................................................................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................................................................................
od
.............................................................................................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................................................................................
H
.............................................................................................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................................................................................
©
.............................................................................................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................................................................................
50

5 Music connects us
Writing task
Exercise 8
Write a short paragraph of your opinions about attending a concert or other musical event. You
could comment about the:
l venue
n
l transportation
l ticket prices
l variety of food sold
tio
l duration of the concert.
Conclude your writing by summing up your overall feeling of the experience.
.............................................................................................................................................................................................................
ca
.............................................................................................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................................................................................
du
.............................................................................................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................................................................................
rE
.............................................................................................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................................................................................
de
.............................................................................................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................................................................................
od
.............................................................................................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................................................................................
H
.............................................................................................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................................................................................
©
.............................................................................................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................................................................................
51

We won’t go back!
Exercise 9
Read the article ‘We won’t go back!’ on page 82 of the Student’s Book and answer the
questions below.
1 What have the writer and friends been attending for several years?
n
.......................................................................................................................................................................................................
tio
.......................................................................................................................................................................................................
2 How do they reach the town where the festival is held?
ca
.......................................................................................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................................................................................
3 When does the festival take place?

du
.......................................................................................................................................................................................................
rE
.......................................................................................................................................................................................................
4 When did they set off and how were they feeling?
.......................................................................................................................................................................................................
de
.......................................................................................................................................................................................................
5 State at least three problems they faced.

od
.......................................................................................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................................................................................
H
©
52

6 Natural wonders under threat
Connectives
n
Exercise 1
tio
Complete the sentences below using one of the connectives from the box. You may use a connective
more than once.
after and although because before but so that
ca
1 You may have heard of the natural wonders of the world ................................................ can you name
them all?
you can see them. du

2 The Northern Lights are mysterious ................................................ you cannot predict when or where
3 ................................................ you cannot swim, you can still visit the Cabayugan River because you can
rE
wear a life-vest on the boat ride.
4 I need to wear a helmet and life-vest ................................................ getting on the boat.
5 Listen carefully ................................................ you can hear the bats singing.

de
6 We cannot talk ................................................ entering the cave.
7 Many people want to visit the Grand Canyon ................................................ they can experience
its grandeur.
od
8 Only the brave ................................................ wealthy can experience bungee jumping at the
Victoria Falls.
9 ................................................ the Northern Lights are featured in Norse ................................................

H
English mythology, not many people have seen them.
10 At some of the natural wonders of the world, tourists start queueing before the sun is up
©
................................................ they can experience the location to the fullest.
53

Prepositions 1
Exercise 2
Complete the sentences below by filling in the blanks with one of the prepositions from the box.
in of about at by on
n
1 I would like some information ................................................... the Grand Canyon.
tio
2 What can you tell me ................................................... the Northern Lights?
3 How many natural wonders ................................................... the world are closed to tourists?
ca
4 Have you ever sat ................................................... a waterfall?
5 She was shocked ................................................... the number ................................................... visitors at the

entrance ................................................... the cave.
du
6 Some ................................................... the most beautiful natural wonders are under the threat
................................................... having too many visitors.
rE
7 There has been a slight decrease ................................................... the number ...................................................
climbers ................................................... the mountain after the recent avalanche.
8 ................................................... the moment, there are too many visitors to the cave, so it had to be
closed off.
de
Prepositions 2
Exercise 3
od
Complete the paragraph below by filling in the blanks with one of the prepositions from the box.
for at into about in of to
It was ....................................... the early hours ....................................... the morning when I woke up and got
H
ready. Having arrived ....................................... Quang Ninh province, Vietnam, yesterday, I had decided to
go ....................................... a swim ....................................... the hotel pool before turning .......................................

©
for the night. I wanted to be fresh ....................................... my trip to the highlight of my holiday, Ha
Long Bay. ....................................... the local language, Ha Long stands for ‘descending dragon’. As the
sun rose, it was not difficult to see why – the beautiful waters ....................................... the UNESCO
54

World Heritage site shone like precious gems ....................................... the sunlight. One could almost
see a dragon coming down from the sky ....................................... protect the Vietnamese people, while
scattering nuggets ....................................... jade and emerald ....................................... the waters to form
....................................... 1600 islands.
n
Synthesis and transformation
tio
Exercise 4
Rewrite the sentences using the words given in brackets. The first one has been completed for you.
1 The causeway had a whole lot of stone columns. (consists of)
ca
The causeway consists of a whole lot of stone columns.
2 The columns are actually 60 million years old and a volcano made them. (caused by)
du
.......................................................................................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................................................................................
3 We don’t trust stories like these. (believe in)

rE
.......................................................................................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................................................................................
de
4 There are myths and stories about that if you care to hear them! (listen to)
.......................................................................................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................................................................................
od
5 Natural wonders take a long time to become what they are now. (develop into)
.......................................................................................................................................................................................................
H
.......................................................................................................................................................................................................
6 We need to consider how to get up this mountain. (think about)

©
.......................................................................................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................................................................................
55

7 There was a rising number of tourists lately. (increase in)
.......................................................................................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................................................................................
n
8 The family is anticipating their visit to the Swiss Alps. (looking forward to)
tio
.......................................................................................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................................................................................
9 Paricutin is a volcano in Mexico. (located in)
ca
.......................................................................................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................................................................................
10 A few countries have mountains that are well-known. (famous for) du

.......................................................................................................................................................................................................
rE
.......................................................................................................................................................................................................
Compound adjectives
Exercise 5
de
Complete the following sentences by inserting the missing halves of the compound adjectives.
time witted watering
forgotten educated cold
od
1 I plunged into the ice-.................................... water near one of the many islands in Ha Long Bay.
2 In a long-.................................... myth, Ha Long Bay represents how the Vietnamese people are
H
protected by special powers and are descendants of a dragon and a fairy.
3 There are many part-.................................... tour guides at Ha Long Bay, who try to earn a living by
offering guided tours to visitors.
©
56

4 In addition, most of these tour guides are quick-.................................... so they can earn more tips
from the visitors.
5 Some of them are well-.................................... college students trying to earn some pocket money on
a weekend.
n
6 Those with some experience can even recommend mouth-.................................... local cuisine to
tio
the visitors.
Adjectives for comparisons

Exercise 6
ca
Complete the following sentences using comparative and superlative adjectives.
1 Ha Long Bay is the ......................................................... (popular) tourist attraction in Vietnam.
helicopter or seaplane. du
2 There are many ways to get to Ha Long Bay, but the ......................................................... (fast) way is by
3 Many tour companies offer overnight boat tours of Ha Long Bay for visitors to experience a
rE
......................................................... (good) view of the water and islands at sunset and sunrise.
4 You need to get ......................................................... (close) to the water in order to experience the
wonders of Ha Long Bay fully.
de
5 Some of the ......................................................... (big) tour companies may not offer kayaking to visitors.
6 However, visitors who choose to kayak will be treated to the .........................................................

(fabulous) sights with limestone cliffs right above their heads.
od
7 A ......................................................... (good) time to visit Vietnam is in the spring and autumn months
when the weather is not too extreme.
H
©
57

Noun/adjective prepositions
Exercise 7
Complete the following sentences with a preposition from the box below. Then underline the nouns
in the sentences and circle the adjectives.
Examples:
n
We have often argued about tourism (noun) at this natural site.
tio
We have often argued fiercely (adjective) about tourism at this natural site.
to into at in
from by of on
ca
1 An ocean trench is a depression ....................................... the bottom of the ocean floor.
2 Few people have been to the Mariana Trench located ....................................... the Pacific Ocean.
du
3 Among other ocean trenches, this is the deepest ....................................... the world.
4 It is not easy to get ....................................... the deepest part ....................................... the Mariana Trench
known as the Challenger Deep.
rE
5 If you drop Mount Everest ....................................... the Challenger Deep, it will still stay underwater.
6 Non-divers who wish ....................................... explore the Mariana Trench can do so.
7 However, they can only dive to a depth ....................................... about 3 kilometres.

de
8 They also need to put ....................................... special equipment to protect themselves
....................................... the elements when they are underwater.

od
Prepositions
Exercise 8
Fill in the blanks with the following prepositions.
H
to into in from
by of for on
Have you ever been ....................................... the Mariana Trench? The Mariana Trench is a natural
©
wonder off the Mariana Islands ....................................... the Pacific Ocean. It is considered the deepest
ocean trench ....................................... Earth. The deepest part ....................................... the Mariana Trench is
58

more than 10,000 metres below sea level and is known as the Challenger Deep. .......................................
order to get a sense ....................................... how deep that is, imagine dropping Mount Everest
....................................... this part ....................................... the trench. The entire Mount Everest would be
submerged ....................................... water. ....................................... the summit, you would still be below the
n
water level ....................................... more than 2000 metres. If a non-diver decides .......................................
tio
explore the Mariana Trench, they can only reach a depth ....................................... up to 3000 metres. Any
deeper than that, the water pressure would make it difficult ....................................... the diver to endure.
ca
Gerunds
Exercise 9
Fill in the blanks with a gerund based on the given root word.
du
Jeju Island is a volcanic island off the coast of South Korea. ......................................................... (attract)
millions of visitors every year, Jeju Island is a popular holiday destination among both locals and
foreigners. ......................................................... (lie) in the Korea Strait, the island was formed by the
rE
eruption of volcanoes two million years ago. ......................................................... (get) to the island is easy,
either by ferry or ......................................................... (fly). Jeju Island is recognised as one of the Seven
New Natural Wonders of the World with UNESCO ......................................................... (include) it on the
de
list of World Heritage Sites. ......................................................... (name) it ‘Jeju Volcanic Island and Lava
Tubes’, UNESCO regards the lava tube system on Jeju Island as one of the best in the world. The
od
majority of Jeju Island is formed of basalt and lava, ......................................................... (give) rise to an
interesting landscape.
H
©
59

Implied meaning
Exercise 10
Read the following passage, paying attention to the underlined phrases. Choose the most
appropriate meaning for each phrase from the multiple-choice questions below.
n
The word ‘over-tourism’ has been used to describe overcrowding at popular tourist sites. Even some
national parks have not been spared. Reports of over-tourism at some of our most beautiful natural
tio
wonders have become a matter of concern. Some countries have made the difficult decision to close
down and ban tourists from destinations that have become too crowded. One such example is the
Walker Canyon in California. Millions of yellow poppies in the canyon bloomed in unison, blanketing the
hillsides in a stunning display of bright orangey-yellow.
ca
1 have not been spared
a Over-tourism does not happen at national parks.
b Over-tourism also happens at national parks.
du
c Over-tourism only happens at national parks.
2 a matter of concern
rE
a People are concerned about over-tourism at places of natural wonder.
b People are not concerned about over-tourism at places of natural wonder.
c People matter at places of natural wonder.

de
3 made the difficult decision

a It is not easy deciding to close down some destinations.
od
b It is not easy deciding to ban tourists.
c It is not easy deciding to close down some destinations and ban tourists from
crowded destinations.
H
4 in unison
a The poppies bloomed in the canyon.
b The poppies bloomed at the same time.

©
c The poppies on the hillside.
60

Writing an argumentative paragraph

Exercise 11
Write a paragraph about how tourism can be damaging. You may add your own words or phrases to
agree or disagree with the ideas shown below and you can also use your own ideas. The paragraph
should be 120–150 words. Remember to link your ideas by using some or all of the connectives
n
shown in the box.
after and although because before
tio
but however so that also
Suggested ideas:
l Tourism has many benefits. l They stay in hotels and use water resources.
ca
l Some people make handicrafts that tourists l They leave litter.
buy as souvenirs. l They make a noise.
l Some people open restaurants and cafés that l They disturb the environment they have
cater to tourists. come to see.
l Travel causes pollution. l Tourism raises awareness of the environment.
l It has to be sustainable.
l Tourism can also cause damage to
an environment.
l Tourists travel by plane, bus and car to
reach places.
du l
l
We can educate people to take care of
the environment.
We can educate people to conserve our
natural wonders.
rE
.............................................................................................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................................................................................
de
.............................................................................................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................................................................................
od
.............................................................................................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................................................................................
H
.............................................................................................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................................................................................
©
.............................................................................................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................................................................................
61

Text annotation
Exercise 12
Read the passage below. Annotate the passage to identify the two main arguments the passage
puts forward and the text that supports those arguments.
n
It’s time to stop the traffic jam on Mount Everest. Climbing the
highest mountain in the world is a challenge which some people
tio
cannot resist. However, in recent years there has been a big
increase in the numbers of climbers. Climbing is only allowed on the
mountain at certain times of the year. So many climbers all flock to
ca
the mountain at the same time. As a result, more climbers are dying
every year.
Climbers are dying because they are having to wait to take their turn
du
to climb. They are stuck in the queue for too long. The climbers need
to get to the summit as quickly as possible because it’s difficult to
breath at the top of the mountain. Then they need to descend to a

rE
lower altitude again quickly.
de
od
H
©
62

7 People who have influenced us
Connectives 1
n
Exercise 1
tio
Fill in the blanks with the connectives from the box.
but although while unlike though
so as and until and then so that
ca
1 Today’s world is ........................................................................ the world of previous centuries as we have
many inventions that help us in our daily lives.
important work was about medicine. du

2 Ibn Sina wrote about science, music and love ........................................................................ his most
3 The IT whizz kid had to attend university ........................................................................ she could learn HTML.
rE
4 She cannot develop websites ........................................................................ she learns how to do coding.
5 Rosa Parks did not give up her seat ........................................................................ was jailed for her refusal
to do so.
de
6 ........................................................................ many influencers faced challenges in standing up for their

beliefs, they never gave up.
7 Ibn Sina was known for his work about medicine, but ........................................................................ doing
od
this he was also writing about philosophy and music.
8 ........................................................................ her designs were worn by many people, she did not wear
clothes from her own label but instead bought from other designers.
H
9 Historians document their research ........................................................................ to benefit future

generations.
©
10 Marie Curie, a physicist, developed her theory of radioactivity
.............................................................................. X-rays were created.
63

Connectives 2
Exercise 2
Fill in the blanks with appropriate connectives you have learned.
1 Nikolas Tesla was famous in Croatia ........................................................................ many places are named
n
to honour his work.
tio
2 It was believed that he invented X-rays ........................................................................ he only experimented
with the process.
3 ........................................................................ Mahatma Gandhi, Nelson Mandela was in favour of equality
ca
between the different races.
4 Johannes Gutenberg invented the printing press ........................................................................ it made

books easier and cheaper to make.
du
5 Marco Polo, an Italian, travelled the world ........................................................................ he reached the
court of Kublai Khan in northeast Asia.
rE
6 ........................................................................ Nikolas Tesla was a talented engineer, he loved to show off
his ideas in public.
7 The World Wide Web was invented ........................................................................ to make life easier to
communicate around the world.
de
8 She bought a computer, accessed electricity ........................................................................ connected to

the World Wide Web.
od
9 ........................................................................ she was part of the royal family, Princess Diana led an
unhappy life.
10 They looked at Cleopatra as ........................................................................ she was a goddess.

H
Past perfect tense 1

Exercise 3
Underline the correct words to complete the sentences.
©
1 Albert Einstein (did do/had done) badly in school before he (became/become) famous for his
theory of relativity.
2 Before the IT whizz kid (developed/is developing) websites, she (had gone/did go) to university.
64

3 Sir Isaac Newton (has discovered/had discovered) gravity after the apple (fall/fell) to the ground.
4 The famous president (had taught/was teaching) in a college before he (choosing/chose) to go
into politics.
5 Galileo Galilei (had considered/was considering) joining the priesthood before he (decides/
decided) to study science.
n
6 Plato (founded/had founded) the first institute of higher learning. He (was following/followed)
Socrates and Aristotle as a student.
tio
7 Charles Darwin (had found/was finding) that there (are/were) differences in the animals on the
Galapagos Islands to the animals in other parts of the world.
8 Benjamin Franklin (was working/had worked) as postmaster before he was (being elected/elected).
ca
9 Before Alexander Fleming (made/was making) antibiotics, Louis Pasteur (was inventing/had
invented) the principles of vaccination.
10 Alexander Graham Bell (was creating/had created) the telephone before he (founded/founding)
the Bell Telephone Company.
Past perfect tense 2

Exercise 4
du
Correct the sentences by changing the underlined words to the past perfect tense. Rewrite each
rE
sentence in the space provided.
1 He went to lunch after completing his research.
.......................................................................................................................................................................................................
de
.......................................................................................................................................................................................................
2 Historians of the past did testing of their theories before publishing their work.
od
.......................................................................................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................................................................................
3 I did not see such unique experiments before.

H
.......................................................................................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................................................................................
©
65

4 Florence Nightingale put her skills to the test immediately after she graduated as a nurse.
.......................................................................................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................................................................................
n
5 Charles Darwin did notice differences between animals on the Galapagos Islands and the rest of
the world after he visited the islands.
tio
.......................................................................................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................................................................................
ca
6 Mahatma Gandhi took a non-violent approach to solve problems before anyone else had.
.......................................................................................................................................................................................................
7 Ibn Sina writes about science, music and love before he wrote the Canon.
du
.......................................................................................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................................................................................
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.......................................................................................................................................................................................................
8 I am deciding to study engineering but my mentor influences me to study medicine.

de
.......................................................................................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................................................................................
od
9 Cleopatra shows great leadership before obstacles make it impossible for her to rule wisely.
.......................................................................................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................................................................................
H
10 People mistook Henry Ford to be the inventor of the car before they found out about Karl Benz.
.......................................................................................................................................................................................................
©
.......................................................................................................................................................................................................
66

Direct speech to reported speech

Exercise 5
Change the sentences from direct to reported speech.
1 Marco Polo said, ‘My country should try to use paper money which is light, instead of gold and
silver which are heavy.’
n
.......................................................................................................................................................................................................
tio
.......................................................................................................................................................................................................
2 ‘My designs are meant to change the way women shall dress,’ said Coco Chanel.
ca
.......................................................................................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................................................................................
3 ‘Everyone shall be treated equally!’ Rosa Parks insisted.

du
.......................................................................................................................................................................................................
rE
.......................................................................................................................................................................................................
4 ‘I like writing about science, music and love,’ said Ibn Sina, ‘but my love is for writing
medical principles.’
de
.......................................................................................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................................................................................
5 The IT whizz kid said, ‘I’m a web developer.’

od
.......................................................................................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................................................................................
H
6 ‘We must take the nonviolent path to achieve our rights,’ Mahatma Gandhi replied to the
interviewer’s question.
.......................................................................................................................................................................................................
©
.......................................................................................................................................................................................................
67

7 ‘Don’t let anyone take away our freedom as citizens!’ remarked Martin Luther King, Jr.
.......................................................................................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................................................................................
n
8 Sir Tim Berners-Lee said, ‘The web is a tool for communicating and it can help people.’
tio
.......................................................................................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................................................................................
9 He said, ‘I am a talented engineer and I love to show off my ideas in public.’
ca
.......................................................................................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................................................................................
du
10 She said, ‘I played a lot of video games before I went to university to learn about coding.’
.......................................................................................................................................................................................................
rE
.......................................................................................................................................................................................................
Reported speech to direct speech

Exercise 6
de
Change the following from reported to direct speech.

1 Coco Chanel said that women should have the freedom to wear what they wanted to wear.
.......................................................................................................................................................................................................
od
.......................................................................................................................................................................................................
2 She argued that clothes should not only be elegant but also comfortable to wear.
H
.......................................................................................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................................................................................
©
3 Rosa Parks said that she refused to give up her seat because she was tired of giving in.
.......................................................................................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................................................................................
68

4 My mother yelled at me to learn about the civil rights movement for my test the next day.
.......................................................................................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................................................................................
n
5 Mahatma Gandhi said that we must learn as if we were to live forever.
tio
.......................................................................................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................................................................................
6 He said he was surprised to learn that his cousin was a successful influencer!
ca
.......................................................................................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................................................................................
7 Thomas Edison said he had not failed. du

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8 Someone advised me not to leave things until it was too late.
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9 A wise person said that we should seize any opportunity that came by.
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10 She replied that she was motivated to do this for the love of her country and its people.
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More on direct to reported speech

Exercise 7
Change the sentences from direct to reported speech.
1 Eleanor Roosevelt said, ‘Do one thing every day that scares you.’
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2 ‘Nothing great was ever achieved without enthusiasm,’ Ralph Waldo Emerson said.
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3 Pablo Picasso said, ‘Everything you can imagine is real.’
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4 ‘Courage is grace under pressure,’ said Ernest Hemmingway.
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5 Confucius said, ‘It does not matter how slowly you go, so long as you do not stop.’
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6 ‘It is not the strongest that survive, but the one most responsive to change,’ said Charles Darwin.
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7 ‘The difference between winning and losing is most often not quitting,’ Walt Disney said.
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8 Albert Einstein said, ‘If you can’t explain it simply, you don’t understand it well enough.’
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9 Mark Twain said, ‘The two most important days in your life are the day you are born and the day
you find out why.’
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10 Abraham Lincoln said, ‘It often requires more courage to dare to do right than to fear to do wrong.’
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Vocabulary
Exercise 8
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Fill in the column for ‘root word’ and find the meaning of each word online or in a dictionary.
Word Root word Meaning
1 Philosopher
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2 Independence
3 Historical
4 Influential
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5 Traveller
6 Segregation
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7 Political
8 Resistance
9 Botanist
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10 Sculptor
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Making sentences
Exercise 9
Make a sentence with each of the words in the table in Exercise 8.
1 philosopher
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2 independence
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3 historical
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4 influential
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5 traveller
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6 segregation
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7 political
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8 resistance
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9 botanist
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10 sculptor
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8 Building a better future
My dream home
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Exercise 1
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In class, you have described and drawn your dream home to a classmate, and you have discussed
the advantages and disadvantages of living in a city versus the countryside. Now, write a detailed
description of your dream home. You must explain clearly why you want to live in that location. Use
the guiding questions below to help you.
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l Where is your dream home going to be located? Think about the country it will be in as well as
whether it will be in a city or in a rural or countryside location.
l Explain clearly why you have chosen that location.
l What sort of house are you going to have?
l What special features will your house have?
l Will your house have any environmentally sustainable features?
l Who are you going to live there with?
You should aim to write about 150 words.

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Informal English 1
Exercise 2
Change the informal English used below into formal English.
1 How you doing?
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2 Timothy ghosted Christina!
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3 Where you at?
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4 Whattya doing?
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5 C’mon, spill the beans!

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6 You’re being a grouch.

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7 What you gonna do?
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8 Ya don’t have to go nuts about that.
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9 I wanna go get ice-cream. You comin’?
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10 Where y’all goin’?
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Informal English 2
Exercise 3
Identify the informal words or phrases and rewrite the following passage in formal and correct English.
‘Hiya Benny!’ yelled Terence, his neighbour from across the fence. ‘How are ya?’ Benny replied, ‘I’m
n
good, thanks! Whatcha up to today?’
Benny and Terence had been neighbours and best buds for more than 20 years. They are always having
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adventures and hanging out. Every adventure they go on is always a blast! It’s no wonder they can do
this because they both have really cool jobs that pay loads of bucks.
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75

Opinion writing
Exercise 4
In class time you conducted some research on one of the following topics:
l sustainable living
l compost toilets
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l solar panels.
Write a short description of the concept that you have studied. In your description, you should:
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l explain what the concept is
l summarise why it is important
l give your opinion on the topic.
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76

Writing an argument
Exercise 5
Your class has just had a debate on whether it is better to stay in the city or in a rural area. What do
you think? Take a stand and state your opinion. Write a short argument to convince your teacher of
your choice. Use the discussion points from the debate to write your argument. Remember to:
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l state your opinion clearly
l provide examples to back up your opinion
l explain your stand clearly.
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77

Noun phrases
Exercise 6
Create noun phrases in each sentence by changing the underlined nouns to include determiners (e.g.
this, those), quantifiers (e.g. some, many), numbers or adjectives.
1 The house on the corner has been there for more than 20 years.
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2 My sister owns apartments in the newly-built estate, one for her parents and the other for herself.
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3 Cottages in the countryside are small homes with pretty gardens.

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4 It will take us about an hour on the road that snakes through mountains.
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5 One of the things that an architect does is build homes for immigrants to live in until they find
permanent homes.
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6 They built extra benches so that more people have a place to sit.
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7 An urban planner makes sure there are zones that do not have any traffic.
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8 Houses over there are built for a family of four.
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9 They moved to the countryside because it is the place to retire for peace and quiet.
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10 They love travelling out of the city for the weekend with their children. du
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Adjectives and adverbs

Exercise 7
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Fill in the blanks with appropriate adjectives or adverbs from the box.
big extremely blue shiny quite
successful often now never intelligent
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1 The building looks .......................................... because of the sun’s rays hitting the glass.
2 Many architects and urban planners are .......................................... in developing attractive urban areas.
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3 It can get .......................................... hot here in summer.
4 I have been to the .......................................... shopping mall in the next street.

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5 They visit the restaurant on the outskirts of the city .......................................... .
6 .......................................... would be the right time to move to Europe.
7 The clear, .......................................... sky can be seen through the trees.
79

8 It was .......................................... difficult to plan housing for this city.
9 That urban planner is .......................................... pleased with his decision to work with the female
architect for this project.
10 I have .......................................... been to that urban area to the south of the city.
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Identifying and using noun phrases
tio
Exercise 8
Your friend submitted the paragraph below to your teacher. Your teacher returned the paragraph to
your friend, saying that it was not descriptive enough. Your friend has asked you for help to improve
ca
the paragraph. You need to:
1 identify the nouns in the passage by underlining them
2 convert the nouns into noun phrases and rewrite the passage to make it more interesting to read.
You do not have to convert all the nouns into noun phrases – just those that make sense with
what you wish to say.
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Merle lives in the city. She lives in an apartment complex. Her building has solar panels on the roof
that provide electricity to all the apartments. The swimming pool is cleaned using a biofilter instead of
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chlorine. Even the bathrooms use rainwater in the flushing system. The complex has won awards.
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Present perfect continuous tense

Exercise 9
Use the present perfect continuous form of the verb in brackets to complete the sentences.
1 We ........................................................................... (try) to go to that part of town to photograph the
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tallest building in the world.
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2 Why ........................................................................... you ........................................................................... (stare) at
those houses since we got here?
3 She ........................................................................... (write) for Urban magazine for the longest time.
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4 They ........................................................................... (compete) for the new urbanisation project for some
time now.
of town for many years. du

5 I hear that you ........................................................................... (live) in temporary housing on the outskirts
6 Dora ........................................................................... (work) regularly to maintain the parks in

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the countryside.
7 How ........................................................................... you ........................................................................... (manage)

in your new job in the city after your move to the country?
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8 He ........................................................................... (face) many challenges in finding a good place to live

since he moved to the city.
9 The family ........................................................................... (move) from country to country for five years now.
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10 Have they ........................................................................... (refuse) to move out of temporary housing?

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81

Sustainable city comprehension

Exercise 10
Read the passage below about a fictitious sustainable city and then answer the questions.
The city of Nagrul decided to ‘go green’ in 2005. As this city is blessed with flowing rivers and the wind
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blows continuously for most of the year, the government took the initiative to use these renewable
resources to move into sustainable living for their citizens. To harness the power of their natural
resources, the city built hydropower generators and wind turbines to obtain electricity to power homes
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and businesses.
Citizens were strongly encouraged to reduce the use of cars and other vehicles that produce carbon
emissions and instead the use of bicycles and walking were advocated for people to get around. Citizens
sometimes found that bicycles were not practical, especially during the rainy season with high winds. In
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addition, bicycles were not practical for those who live far away from their place of work.
Nagrul built facilities such as supermarkets and entertainment outlets, as well as gyms and parks in
different parts of the city, so that these will be easily and readily available to citizens’ homes.
1 What do you think the concept of ‘go green’ means?
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2 What structures do you think should be in place before a city or country is recognised as a ‘green’
place? (You may like to search online for information.)
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3 What are renewable resources?

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4 What may be some of the challenges of using bicycles and walking as forms of transportation?
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9 Our society
Island Nation challenge project
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Exercise 1
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As you work on your Island Nation challenge project with your group, there may be times where you
all do not agree on certain things. Having specific rules can help prevent conflicts from arising and
can help solve disagreements.
Write down a list of rules that you want your group to follow. Use modal verbs, indefinite pronouns
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and the passive voice to write your rules. Share your rules with your group and come up with a list of
rules that all of you agree to follow.
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Could I? Should I?
Exercise 2a
Use modal verbs to complete the sentences below. There may be more than one answer for
each question.
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1 Breaking the law ............................................. land you in jail.
2 ............................................. I go to the toilet during the lesson?
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3 We ............................................. not eat in the classroom.
4 All drivers ............................................. follow the rules when driving.
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5 You ............................................. get your research done by the deadline.
6 The players ............................................. get hurt if they don’t listen.
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7 If you play by the rules this time, you ............................................. win this round.
8 Every family has their own rules which ............................................. be followed.
9 You ............................................. be able to bend the rules if you ask nicely.

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10 That room is out of bounds. You ............................................. go in.
11 My mother says that I ............................................. keep my room clean.

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12 Our teacher said that she ............................................. allow us to eat in class during the class party.
13 We ............................................. read the game rules or we won’t know how to play it.
14 You ............................................. always read through the fine print before you sign anything.
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15 We ............................................. make sure we write good laws for our new Island Nation.
16 You ............................................. always discuss your ideas with your group before presenting them to
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the class.
17 ............................................. we always listen to what the rules say?
18 ............................................. you help me draft this law?

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19 We ............................................. make a noise in class.
20 I ............................................. do the project by myself.
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9 Our society
Can I write a sentence?

Exercise 2b
Now that you are familiar with modal verbs, write your own sentences using the verbs given below.
Modal verb Use Sample sentence
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Must Obligation You must come home by 6.
Have to Obligation You have to come home by 6.
Should Give advice and opinion She should not tease him so much.
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May To show possibility I may go out tomorrow.
Might To show possibility Someone might get hurt.
Can To show ability He can go to soccer as soon as this is over.
Could To show ability I could go to a movie by myself.
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Would Polite obligation Would you help your grandmother, please?
1 Must/Have to
2 Should
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3 May
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4 Might
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5 Can/Could
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6 Would
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85

Can you do this?

Exercise 2c
It is the first day of school and your principal is reminding you of the school rules and procedures.
Some modal verbs from his speech are missing. Fill in the blanks using the appropriate modal verbs.
Welcome back to school students!
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You all look so fresh and relaxed, so you ....................................... have had a good break. Now that we
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are back in school, I ....................................... remind you of the school rules that you all loved to break
last year. This is for the benefit of the new students as well.
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School starts at 8 a.m. sharp, so you ....................................... be in your classrooms by that time. If you
are running late, you ....................................... call the school to let us know. If your parents are coming
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to pick you up after school, they ....................................... come after 3 p.m. For parents that arrive early,
they ....................................... want to park their cars in the public car park just outside the school. The
school car park is reserved for staff only.

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If you’ve got any questions or concerns, I ....................................... love to hear from you. You
....................................... drop me a note in the suggestion box outside my office.

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Write the rules

Exercise 3
Your class has decided to go on a class picnic to the beach. Everyone will bring something to eat,
and you plan to play some games while you are there. Some of your classmates are well-known for
od
getting into trouble. You have decided to write some rules that the whole class must follow while you
are at the beach. Write your rules in the space below.
Remember to use modal verbs as well as indefinite pronouns to write your rules.
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1 ��
2 ��
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3 ��
4 ��
5 ��
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9 Our society
6 ��
7 ��
8 ��
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Indefinite and quantitative pronouns
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Exercise 4a
Use the appropriate pronouns from the list to complete the sentences below.
Indefinite pronouns everyone/all/no one/anyone/some/someone
Quantitative pronouns some/any/none/one/much/many/little/few
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1 The deadline is approaching, we have so ...................................................... time left!
2 No country gives their citizens that ...................................................... freedom.
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3 ...................................................... needs to decide how to run this country.
4 I don’t think ...................................................... of us want to run a dictatorship.

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5 Why have you written so ...................................................... laws? What about the rest?
6 How ...................................................... years did you spend in jail for dangerous driving?
7 ...................................................... of us believe that a democracy is the best form of government, but

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others do not.
8 Why would ...................................................... want to live anywhere else?

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9 ...................................................... wants to get caught breaking the law.
10 I feel that ...................................................... laws in my country are rather unfair.
11 ...................................................... of the laws have been drafted correctly.

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12 I like the rules we have at home; I would not want to change ...................................................... .
13 We need to make sure that ...................................................... in the class votes for their preferred form
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of government.
14 There is no way I can remember ...................................................... these rules!
15 I wish ...................................................... would explain the rules to me.
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Missing words
Exercise 4b
Fill in the blanks in the passage below with an appropriate indefinite or quantitative pronoun.
There will be many times in your life when you will be asked to come up with rules for something.
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It is therefore very important that ............................................. learns how to write rules. The first step in
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writing a rule is to make sure that the rule you are proposing is fair to ............................................. . If the
rule benefits ............................................. people and not others, it becomes unfair. Next, you must make
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sure you have the right number of rules. Too ............................................. rules and everyone will get
frustrated; too ............................................. rules and you might have missed out some important things.
Ask ............................................. to read through your rules once you have written them.
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............................................. of the time, they will be able to catch ............................................. mistakes.
Remember that your rules must be easy to understand. If ............................................. understands them,
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they won’t mean ............................................. .
Tell me what to do
Exercise 5
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1 Look at the photograph below. Briefly describe what is going on in the photograph.
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9 Our society
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2 Imagine that you are organising a group of volunteers to provide a cooked meal in your local
community. Give detailed instructions to the volunteers about preparing and serving the food
safely, fairly and hygienically, and how to clean up afterwards. Make sure to use indefinite and
quantitative pronouns, as well as modal verbs in your answer.
You can use these sentence starters to help you:
– Make sure that you …
– You must/must not …
– You should …
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– Do not let …
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89

Breaking the rules

Exercise 6
Have you ever broken a rule? Write about a time when you broke a rule. Use the following guiding
questions to help you:
l What happened?
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l What rule did you break?
l Why did you break the rule?
l How did you feel afterwards?
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l Did you regret your actions?
l Were there any consequences?
You should write about 80–100 words.
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9 Our society
Sentence construction
Exercise 7
Make sentences that contain both modal verbs as well as quantitative and indefinite pronouns. The
modal verbs and the pronouns that you need to use for each sentence have been given to you.
1 Must/everyone
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2 Should/some
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3 Could/all
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4 Must/everyone
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5 Can/little
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6 Would/any
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7 Must not/other
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��
8 Should not/someone
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9 Could not/many
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10 Might/much
��
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Dear Editor
Exercise 8
During the Covid-19 pandemic governments all over the world set very strict rules for their citizens to
follow. These rules were supposed to keep all of us safe and bring down the number of virus cases.
Some people did not follow the rules. Write a letter to the editor of your local newspaper describing
n
how these people have broken the rules and what they should be doing instead.
Remember to use formal language in your writing.
tio
Dear Editor,
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��
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��
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Yours sincerely,
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9 Our society
Points for discussion

Exercise 9
As the Covid-19 restrictions lifted many people started to go back to work and school. However, you
are still afraid of one of your family contracting the virus. Your parents have decided to return to the
office after working from home for three months. They understand your fear but say that they will
n
take every precaution.
What will you say to your parents about your fears? Write down your discussion points in note form.
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93

Island Nation challenge project reflection

Exercise 10
Congratulations on completing the Island Nation challenge project! The end of the project is a time
to reflect on what you have learned. Use the guiding questions below to write a short reflection on
the project.
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l Discuss one conflict that your group had and how you resolved it.
l Did the rules your group set earlier in the project help resolve the conflict?
l Do you have a better understanding of why it is important to have rules and to follow them?
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Once you have finished your first draft, read through your work. Try to spot any spelling, grammar
and punctuation mistakes that you may have made. Take some time to correct your mistakes.
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94

The Cambridge Checkpoint Lower Secondary World English series consists
of a Student’s Book, Boost eBook, Workbook and Teacher’s Guide with Boost
Subscription for each stage.
Teacher’s Guide with
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Student’s Book Boost eBook Workbook Boost Subscription
Student’s Book 7 eBook 7 Workbook 7 Teacher’s Guide 7
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9781398311411 9781398307568 9781398311350 9781398307698
9781398311428 9781398307599 9781398311367 9781398307704
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9781398311435 9781398307629 9781398311404 9781398307711
The answers are FREE to download from:

www.hoddereducation.com/cambridgeextras
To explore the entire series,
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visit www.hoddereducation.com/cambridge-checkpoint-World-English
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Cambridge Checkpoint Lower Secondary World English
Teacher’s Guide with Boost Subscription
Created with teachers and students in schools across the globe, Boost
is the next generation in digital learning for schools, bringing quality
content and new technology together in one interactive website.
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The Cambridge Checkpoint Lower Secondary World English Teacher’s

Guide includes a print handbook and a subscription to Boost, where you will find
a range of online resources to support your teaching.
Confidently deliver the new curriculum framework: Coverage of
od
●
framework learning objectives are included along with an interactive Scheme
of Work, starter suggestions, activity guidance and notes on differentiation and
formative assessment.
● Develop key concepts and skills: Let students see how their skills are
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developing with knowledge tests and worksheets.

● Enrich learning: Images from the Student’s Book to be used front of class,
audio recordings plus transcripts and vocabulary flashcards.
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To purchase Cambridge Checkpoint Lower Secondary

World English Teacher’s Guide with Boost
Subscription, visit www.hoddereducation.com/
cambridge-checkpoint-World-English
311367 Checkpoint LS ESL Stage 8 WB.indd 95 2

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Cambridge
checkp int Lower Secondary

World English
WORKBOOK
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Support knowledge and understanding from the Student’s Book with this practical workbook
designed to challenge students to develop their learning further.
● Save time when planning with ready-made homework or extension exercises.
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● Ensure mastery with clear coverage of key language skills: reading, writing, speaking, listening and
use of English.
● Develop and expand knowledge, ensuring learners master the skills, language systems and vocabulary
from every unit.
For more information on how to use this workbook,
please visit: www.hoddereducation.com/workbook-info
For over 25 years we have been

trusted by Cambridge schools
or
king for ove
r
du This resource is endorsed by Cambridge
Assessment International Education
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25
ducation
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around the world to provide

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Provides learner support as part of a set of

quality support for teaching and YEARS resources for the Cambridge Lower Secondary
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learning. For this reason we have English as a Second Language curriculum

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ss
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e n t In t e
been selected by Cambridge framework (0876) from 2020
Assessment International Education as an Has passed Cambridge International’s rigorous
official publisher of endorsed material for quality-assurance process
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their syllabuses.
Developed by subject experts
For Cambridge schools worldwide

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Registered Cambridge International Schools benefit

from high-quality programmes, assessments and
a wide range of support so that teachers can
This series includes eBooks
©
effectively deliver Cambridge Lower Secondary.

and teacher support.
Visit www.cambridgeinternational.org/
Visit www.hoddereducation.com/boost
lowersecondary to find out more.
for more information.
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311367 Checkpoint LS ESL Stage 8 WB.indd 1 1

First published in 2021 by

311367 Checkpoint LS ESL Stage 8 WB.indd 2 04/03/2021 11:20

311367 Checkpoint LS ESL Stage 8 WB.indd 3 04/03/2021 11:20

311367 Checkpoint LS ESL Stage 8 WB.indd 4 04/03/2021 11:20

I am from England and my mother tongue is ................................... . I worked in different countries in

addition to my mother tongue. I am officially a ................................... speaker.

Fill in the blanks with suitable words.

................................... . Their schools usually teach a ................................... ................................... . This gives

311367 Checkpoint LS ESL Stage 8 WB.indd 5 04/03/2021 11:20

2 The teacher asks Tony something about ................................. culture in Spain.

4 A child understands the language of ................................. mother.

11 Make sure ................................. pronounce that long English word correctly.

13 My father is from France. ................................. is French.

14 Lenny comes from Portugal. ................................. mother tongue is Portuguese.

15 ‘David, .................................. need to practise ................................. English,’ says ................................. teacher.

311367 Checkpoint LS ESL Stage 8 WB.indd 6 04/03/2021 11:20

can teach .................................. to speak and use the language correctly.

Singapore, .................................. have to learn a second language in school. .................................. have a

world if all of .................................. can speak their language.

1 Which country are .......................................... (that/these) people from?

2 .......................................... (This/Those) country has 121 languages.

311367 Checkpoint LS ESL Stage 8 WB.indd 7 04/03/2021 11:20

4 I am trying to learn English and I find .......................................... (this/these) words so difficult

13 Do not carry .......................................... (those/that) dictionaries by yourself. They are heavy.

311367 Checkpoint LS ESL Stage 8 WB.indd 8 04/03/2021 11:20

Demonstrative and indefinite pronouns

speakers, can say they have mastered the language.

.......................................... speaks the language!

311367 Checkpoint LS ESL Stage 8 WB.indd 9 04/03/2021 11:20

What and who are you?

311367 Checkpoint LS ESL Stage 8 WB.indd 10 04/03/2021 11:20

much few one all

languages and .............................. of my friends speak only one language.

311367 Checkpoint LS ESL Stage 8 WB.indd 11 04/03/2021 11:20

More practice on pronouns

write what kind of pronoun it is – demonstrative, indefinite, quantitative or reciprocal.

1 If I get two dictionaries, I will give you ................................. (...............................................................)

2 Why the tourists are arguing is ................................. (...............................................................) of

311367 Checkpoint LS ESL Stage 8 WB.indd 12 04/03/2021 11:20

3 ................................. (...............................................................) in my circle of friends is studying Russian.

4 ................................. (...............................................................) is a global economy, and communication is

5 ............................................. (...............................................................) are not the correct answers; here look at

7 I refuse to do ................................. ! (...............................................................) It is not fair!

10 .................................................................................... I would be able to speak to the locals.

11 .................................................................................... we would get to our destination faster.

13 .................................................................................... I would be able to get a good job.

14 .................................................................................... you would be invited to local restaurants.

311367 Checkpoint LS ESL Stage 8 WB.indd 13 04/03/2021 11:20

2 He plays the piano beautifully in his music room.

3 The neighbourhood in which Jane lives is extremely peaceful.

5 The architect did the drawings very quickly as it was urgent.

8 Raoul’s apartment is so ridiculously small that you have to walk sideways.

311367 Checkpoint LS ESL Stage 8 WB.indd 14 04/03/2021 11:20

13 Make sure the books in the study are neatly arranged.

1 I have ................................................... (never/late) built a house by myself.

4 Alan would ................................................... (rather/more) buy a house than rent one.

311367 Checkpoint LS ESL Stage 8 WB.indd 15 04/03/2021 11:20