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    Concepts To Learn in Math

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    Maricris Barbosa

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    Concepts To Learn in Math

    Uploaded by

    Maricris Barbosa
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    Concepts to Learn in Math

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    12 views4 pages

    Concepts To Learn in Math

    Uploaded by

    Maricris Barbosa

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
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    CONCEPTS TO LEARN IN MATH

    Law of Exponents (Zero and Negative Exponents)

    Exponents
    exponent
    3
    {5

    Power

    base

    Example: 125 = 53 means that 53 is the exponential form of the number 125.

    The Laws of Exponents:


    1. Exponential form: The exponent of a power indicates how many times the base
    multiples itself.

    n
    x =x ∙ x ∙ x ∙∙ ∙∙ x ∙ x ∙ x ∙ x

    2. Multiplying Powers: If you are multiplying Powers with the same base, KEEP
    the BASE & ADD the EXPONENTS.

    m n m +n
    x ∙ x =x

    3. Dividing Powers: When dividing Powers with the same base, KEEP the BASE &
    SUBTRACT the EXPONENTS.

    m
    x m n m−n
    n
    =x ÷ x =x
    x

    Solve these:
    1. 32 ×32=3 2+2=3 4
    2. 52 ×54 =52+ 4=56
    5 2 5+2 7
    3. a × a =a =a
    2 7 2+7 9
    4. 2 s × 4 s =8 s =8 s
    2 3 5
    5. (−3) ×(−3) =(−3)
    2 4 7 3 2+7 4+3 9 7
    6. s t × s t =s × t =s t

    Continuation:
    4. Power of a Power: If you are raising a Power to an exponent, you multiply the
    exponents.

    n
    ( x m ) =x mn

    5. Product Law of Exponents: If the product of the bases is powered by the same
    exponent, then the result is a multiplication of individual factors of the product,
    each powered by the given exponent.

    ( xy )n=x n ∙ y n

    6. Quotient Law of Exponents: If the quotient of the bases is powered by the


    same exponent, then the result is both numerator and denominator, each
    powered by the given exponent.

    ()
    n n
    x x
    = n
    y y

    Solve these:
    5
    1. ( 32 ) =3(2)(5)=310
    4
    2. ( a 3 ) =a(3 )(4 )=a 12
    3
    3. ( 2 a2 ) =23 a6=8 a6
    2
    4. ( 22 a5 b3 ) =24 a10 b6=16 a10 b 6
    2
    5. (−3 a 2 ) =(−3 )2 a4 =9 a 4
    3
    6. ( s2 t 4 ) =s 6 t 12

    ()
    5 5
    s s
    7. = 5
    t t

    ( ) ( )
    8 2 4 2 2 8 2 16 2 8
    st st s t s t s t
    8. 4
    =
    r
    = 2 or ¿ 2 8= 2
    rt r r t r
    ( )
    9 2 18
    3 3
    9. 5
    = 10
    3 3

    ( )
    5 8 2
    36 a b 3
    =( 9 a b ) =9 a b =81 a b
    3 2 2 6 2 6
    10. 4 5
    4a b

    Continuation:
    7. Negative Law of Exponents: If the base is powered by the negative exponent,
    then the base becomes reciprocal with the positive exponent.

    −m 1
    x = m
    x

    8. Zero Law of Exponents: Any base powered by zero exponent equals one.

    0
    x =1 x ≠ 0

    Solve these:
    0
    1. ( 2 a2 b ) =1
    2 −4 2+(−4 ) −2 1
    2. y × y = y =y = 2
    y
    5 −1 1
    3. ( a ) =a =
    −5
    5
    a
    4. s−2 × 4 s 7=4 s−2+7=4 s 5
    8 8
    −2 3 −4 x x
    5. ( 3 x y ) =3 x y = 4 12 =
    −4 8 −12
    12
    3 y 81 y

    ( )
    2 −1 −2 1
    2 2 x x
    6. = −1 = 2 =
    x x 2 4
    0
    7. ( s2 t 4 ) =1

    ( )
    9 −2 −18 10
    3 3 3 −8 1
    8. 5
    = −10
    = 18 =3 ∨ 8
    3 3 3 3

    ( ) (
    2 2 −2
    s t −2
    = s t ) =s t
    −2 −2 4 4
    9. 4 4
    s t

    ( )
    5 −2 1 −2 −2 10
    36 a 9a 9 a b
    10. 2 5
    = 5
    = −10 = 2 2
    4a b b b 9 a
    PRIME NUMBERS

    2 3 5 7 11
    13 17 19 23 29
    31 37 41 43 47
    53 59 61 67 71
    73 79 83 89 97

    SEQUENCE/SERIES
     Some situations don’t need the use of permutation or combination, if you are given
    situations like 3 vegetables, 5 meats, etc, you just need to multiply them all or analyze the
    situation.

    PERMUTATION
    r
    n
    n!
    nPr=
    ( n−r ) !

    COMBINATION
    n!
    nCr=
    ( n−r ) ! r !

    QUADRATIC FORMULA

    −b ± √ b2−4 ac
    x= , you can use this if you are finding the roots of a quadratic equation .
    2a

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