ERP Fact Sheets

Fact Sheets
ABOUT SAP OBJECTS

ERP TEAM
ERP Fact Sheet 1

Table of Contents
Fact Sheets ............................................................................................................ 1
Table of Contents ..................................................................................................... 2
SAP ERP................................................................................................................. 6
FI-CO Organizational units .................................................................................................. 7
Operating Concern .............................................................................................. 8
Client .............................................................................................................. 9
Controlling Area................................................................................................. 10
Credit Control Area............................................................................................. 11
Company ......................................................................................................... 12
Company Code .................................................................................................. 13
Business Area .................................................................................................... 14
Dunning Area .................................................................................................... 15
Chart of accounts ............................................................................................... 17
Chart of Depreciation .......................................................................................... 18
Cost Center ...................................................................................................... 19
Profit Center .................................................................................................... 20
Functional Area ................................................................................................. 21
FI-CO main business objects .............................................................................................. 22
Finance Document .............................................................................................. 23
Accounts – Accounts Receivable/Account Payable ........................................................ 24
General Ledger Account ....................................................................................... 26
Reconciliation Account ........................................................................................ 27
Accounting Document .......................................................................................... 28
Cost Element .................................................................................................... 29
Asset .............................................................................................................. 30
Cost Estimate .................................................................................................... 31
Controlling Document .......................................................................................... 32
Internal Order ................................................................................................... 33
MM Organizational units ................................................................................................... 34
Purchasing organization ....................................................................................... 35
ERP Fact Sheet 2

Plant .............................................................................................................. 36
Valuation Area .................................................................................................. 37
Storage location ................................................................................................ 38
MM main business objects ................................................................................................. 39
Material .......................................................................................................... 40
Vendor ............................................................................................................ 41
Info Records ..................................................................................................... 42
Scheduling Agreement ......................................................................................... 43
Source list ........................................................................................................ 44
Contracts ......................................................................................................... 45
Batches ........................................................................................................... 46
Purchase conditions ............................................................................................ 47
Vendor evaluation .............................................................................................. 48
Quota arrangement............................................................................................. 49
Output condition ................................................................................................ 50
Request for quotation.......................................................................................... 51
Purchase Requisition ........................................................................................... 52
Purchase Order.................................................................................................. 53
Reservation ...................................................................................................... 54
Material document ............................................................................................. 55
Inbound delivery ................................................................................................ 56
Invoice ............................................................................................................ 57
Organizational units HCM ................................................................................................. 58
Personnel Area .................................................................................................. 59
Personnel Subarea .............................................................................................. 60
Employee Group ................................................................................................ 61
Employee Subgroup ............................................................................................ 62
Payroll Area...................................................................................................... 63
Main HCM business objects ................................................................................................ 64
Job ................................................................................................................ 65
Position ........................................................................................................... 66
Organizational unit ............................................................................................. 67
Person ............................................................................................................ 68
ERP Fact Sheet 3

Cost centre ...................................................................................................... 69
Task ............................................................................................................... 70
Work center ..................................................................................................... 71
SD Organizational units .................................................................................................... 72
Sales organization .............................................................................................. 73
Distribution channel ............................................................................................ 74
Division ........................................................................................................... 75
Sales office ...................................................................................................... 76
Sales group....................................................................................................... 77
Delivering plant (Plant) ........................................................................................ 78
Credit management in SD ..................................................................................... 79
SD main business objects .................................................................................................. 80
Inquiry ............................................................................................................ 81
Contract .......................................................................................................... 82
Scheduling agreement ......................................................................................... 83
Quotation ........................................................................................................ 84
Customer Order (Sales Order) ................................................................................ 85
Delivery(Outbound) ............................................................................................ 87
Shipment ......................................................................................................... 90
Customer ......................................................................................................... 91
Pricing ............................................................................................................ 92
Condition records ............................................................................................... 93
Customer info records ......................................................................................... 94
PM Organizational units ................................................................................................... 95
PM main business objects ................................................................................................. 96
Functional Location ............................................................................................ 97
Equipment ....................................................................................................... 99
Serial numbers .................................................................................................101
Work Center ....................................................................................................102
Task list .........................................................................................................104
Maintenance Plan ..............................................................................................105
Measure Points .................................................................................................106
Capacity .........................................................................................................107
ERP Fact Sheet 4

Maintenance Order ............................................................................................108
Maintenance Order Operations ..............................................................................109
Notification .....................................................................................................110
Confirmation ...................................................................................................111
Settlement Rule ................................................................................................112
SRM Organizational units ................................................................................................. 113
SRM main business objects ............................................................................................... 114
CRM Organizational units ................................................................................................. 116
Sales Area .......................................................................................................118
Sales organization .............................................................................................120
Distribution Channel ..........................................................................................121
Division ..........................................................................................................122
CRM main business objects............................................................................................... 123
Business Partner ...............................................................................................124
Product (Material) .............................................................................................126
Transactional documents .....................................................................................127
ERP Fact Sheet 5

SAP ERP
ERP Fact Sheet 6

FI-CO Organizational units
Organizačné jednotky FI – CO | Organisationseinheiten FI- CO
What and which are organizational units in FI – CO?
Definition Organizational units are used to structure business functions and for reporting.
The organizational units of Financial Accounting are used for external reporting
purposes, that is, they fulfil requirements that your business is subject to from
Organizational units are elements of external parties, for example, legal regulations. The financial statements for
the SAP System logical structure example, are created based on the organizational units of Financial Accounting
Best idea how to understand organizational units is to explain on well known
company where we can imagine what are organizational units in reality.
All FI – CO organizational units can be found in customizing:

SPRO > SAP Reference IMG > Enterprise Structure > Definition >
Controlling / Financial accounting
ERP Fact Sheet 7

Operating Concern
Ergebnisbereich| Operačný koncern
How to Define Operating Concern?

Definition
An Operating Concern can be defined through transaction code KEP8 or through
Representation of an organization the following path in the customizing IMG in Transaction SPRO:
where profitability is cumulated. It is
SPRO > SAP Reference IMG > Enterprise Structure > Definition > Controlling >
topmost organization in terms of
Create Operating Concern
profitability. The operating concern
represents a part of an organization When you follow the above path you will find a screen to enter the name and
for which the sales market is description. You need to enter a four digits ID to represent your Operating
structured in a uniform manner. By Concern and a description for it.
setting off the costs against the
After entering the above details just save the settings and come back from the
revenues, you can calculate an
screen.
operating profit for individual
profitability segments, which are It can be maintained through following path and can also be maintained with
defined by a combination of Transaction code KEA0.
classifying characteristics (for
example, product group, customer Assign Operating Concern to a Controlling Area
group, country, and distribution
channel). The market segments of Assignment of Controlling Area to Operating Concern can be done through
each operating concern are displayed Transaction code KEKK or through following path:
as profitability segments.
SPRO > SAP Reference IMG > Enterprise Structure > Assignment > Controlling >
Assign Controlling area to operating concern
Assignment
You can assign multiple controlling
areas to one operating concern. It’s
How to set Operating Concern
client independent.
You can have more than one Operating Concern created in your SAP system. If
Useful Transaction Codes you are working in a particular configuration then system will by default use the
KEA0 - Maintain operating concern Operating Concern that is currently in use. To get into another Operating
Concern settings or to change the defaulted Operating Concern in SAP you use
the Transaction code KEBD. You can also use following path:
Domain
ERKRS SPRO > SAP Reference IMG > Controlling > Profitability Analysis > Structures >
Set Operating Concern
Table
TKEB
ERP Fact Sheet 8

Client
Der Mandant|Mandant|Klient
How to Define Client?

Definition
In the R/3 System, the client is a legally and organizationally independent
Client is grouping or combination of unit. This means all business and commercial data are secure from other
legal, organizational, business and/or clients.
administrative units with a common
Clients are identified by a three-figure client number. A client has the
purpose. In technical terms client
following parameters:
contains its own set of programs,
tables and master and transaction • Name, place and logical system
records
These are descriptive parameters.
Assignment • Role of the client
The possible roles are: production ("live"), Customizing, test, training, and
To avoid confusion and the resulting demonstration.
errors, clients in a distributed
environment must have unique IDs. • Change and transport of client-specific objects
The name of the logical system is
used as a unique ID. It has a unique This parameter controls whether or not changes to Customizing settings are
assignment to a client in an SAP automatically recorded in a change request.
system.
• Changes to cross-client objects
Useful Transaction Codes This parameter controls whether or not changes to R/3 Repository objects or
cross-client Customizing objects are permitted.
SCC4 - Client Administration
SCC5 - Client Deletion • Copy overwrite protection
SCC1 - Client Copy via Transport • CATT runs permitted
• Currently locked, Client copy in progress
• Protected against SAP upgrade
Domain
MANDT
Table
T000
ERP Fact Sheet 9

Controlling Area
Rechnungskreis| Périmètre Analytique | Kontrolingová area
How to Define Controlling Area?

Definition
The purpose of this activity is to define the organizational element - Controlling
Area, which is used with in Controlling. ‘Controlling Area’ is the central
Organizational unit in an organization organizational structure in ‘controlling’ (CO) and is used in cost accounting.
that represents a closed system used Cost centres, and product hierarchy and profit centres/ profitability segments
for cost accounting purposes. are used to classify the controlling area.
A Controlling Area can be defined through transaction code OKKP or through the
Assignment following path in the customizing IMG
Menu Path:
You can assign multiple controlling
areas to one operating concern. It’s Controlling > General Controlling > Organization > Maintain Controlling Area
client independent.
Assign Controlling Area to Operating Concern
Useful Transaction Codes Assignment of Controlling Area to Operating Concern can be done through
OKKP - Maintain Controlling Area Transaction code KEKK or through following path:
SPRO > SAP Reference IMG > Enterprise Structure > Assignment > Controlling >
Domain Assign Controlling area to operating concern
CACCD
Assign Controlling Area to Controlling Area
Table
TKA01 Assignment of Company Code to Controlling Area can be done through
following path:
TKA02 SPRO > Implementation Guide for R/3 Customizing (IMG) > Controlling >
>General Controlling >Organization > Maintain Controlling area
Specific attributes of controlling area:

 A controlling area may contain one or more company codes, which can
operate in different currencies, if required.
 The company codes within a controlling area must all use the same
operational chart of accounts.
 All internal allocation transactions refer only to objects from the same
controlling area.
ERP Fact Sheet 10

Credit Control Area
Kreditkontrollbereich| Domaine de Contrôle de Crédits| Oblasť kontroly kreditu
Usage
Definition Credit and risk management takes place in the credit control area. According
to your corporate requirements, you can implement credit management that is
Credit control area is an centralized, decentralized, or somewhere in between.
organizational unit created by SAP
that represents the area where • For centralized credit management, you can define one credit control
customer credit is awarded and area for all of your company codes.
monitored. This organizational unit • For decentralized credit management, you can define credit control
can include one or more company areas for each company code or each group of company codes.
codes, if credit control is performed
across several company codes. One Credit limits and credit exposure are managed at both credit control area and
credit control area contains credit customer level.
control information for each
customer. It is not possible to divide a You set up credit control areas and other data related to credit management
company code into several credit in Customizing for Financial Accounting. For more information, see the
control areas. Implementation Guide under:
Assignment Enterprise Structure > Definition or > Assignment > Financial Accounting and
then Maintain credit control area.
There is possibility to assign only 1
Credit Control area to 1 company,
however 1 Credit control area can be You assign customers to specific credit control areas and specify the
assigned to many company codes appropriate credit limits in the customer master record.
Useful Transaction Codes Create new Credit Control Area

OB45 - Define new Credit Control You can create Credit Control Area in SAP by using transaction code OB45 or
Areas path:
OB38 - Assign the Company Code to
the Credit Control Area SPRO > SAP Reference IMG > enterprise structure > definition > financial
accounting > define credit control area
OVFL - Assign Sales Area to Credit
Control Area
Domain
KKBER
Table
T014
ERP Fact Sheet 11

Company
Company| Group Company |
Overview:
Definition What is the purpose of Company?
Company, also called Group Company

is a smallest organizational unit for Assigning company codes to a company can help in consolidation where are the
which individual financial statements company codes placed under the company. Within a company, all company
codes must use the same transaction chart of accounts and the same fiscal year
can be drawn according to the
relevant commercial law. A company breakdown. The company code currencies, on the other hand, can be different.
A company code has one local currency in which transaction figures are
can consist of one or more company
codes. recorded.
Useful Transaction Codes

Assign Company Code to Company -
OX16
Domain
RCOMPC
Tables
T001
ERP Fact Sheet 12

Company Code
Buchungskreis | code des Sociétés | Účtovný Okruh
Creating a new Company Code

Definition
The company code is the smallest SAP recommends that you use transaction code EC01 to copy an already existing
but also the central organizational Company Code and use it as a reference for your new one.
unit of external accounting within
This gives you the advantage of also copying the company code’s specific
the SAP system for which a
parameters. Which is a lot of work when creating an all new one.
complete, self-contained set of
accounts can be created. You can still change certain data of your new Company Code but spare some
time due to the easier creation.
This includes the entry of all
transactions that must be posted • Use the mentioned transaction code EC01 to copy an existing Company
and the creation of all items for Code for a new one. This will avoid missing customizing settings
legal, individual financial for the new Company Code.
statements (such as the balance • Use transaction code SPRO to make the needed changes on your
sheet and the profit and loss Company Code copy.
statement). • The original creator of this fact sheet page put in a lot of effort to
explain the process to the reader.
Assignment Here it is:
SPRO -> SAP Ref IMG -> Enterprise Structure -> Definition -> Financial
Company code can be assigned only Accounting -> Edit, Copy, Delete, Check Company Code.
to one Controlling area
Note: You must define at least one company code before implementing the
Financial Accounting component. The business transactions relevant for
Useful Transaction Codes Financial Accounting are entered, saved, and evaluated at company code level.
You usually create a legally independent company in the SAP System with one
Create a new Company Code or company code. However, you can also define a company code according to
change an existing one – SPRO/ OX02 other criteria. A company code could also be a separate, but not independent,
Copy an existing Company Code as commercial place of work. This is necessary for example, if the place of work
reference for a new one – EC01 is actually situated in a different country and evaluations therefore have to be
carried out in the appropriate national currency and in accordance with other
tax and legal specifications.
Domain
BUKRS If you want to manage the accounting for several independent companies
simultaneously, you can set up several company codes in one client.
But you must set up at least one company code in each client.
Table
T001
ERP Fact Sheet 13

Business Area
Geschäftsbereich| Domaine d'activité | Pracovný úsek
What is the role of Business Area in Accounting?

Description All essential balance sheet items, such as fixed assets, receivables, payables,
Business area is an organizational unit and inventories, and all item of the profit and loss statement can be assigned
of financial accounting that represents directly to a business area. The balance sheet items for banks, capital, and
a separate area of operations or taxes, however cannot be directly assigned to business areas. They need to be
responsibilities within an organization assigned manually. This means that business area financial statements cannot
and to which value changes recorded be drawn up for internal reporting purposes.
in Financial Accounting can be The system determines the appropriate business area from information such as
allocated. Business areas are used in the material, plant, or cost center we enter in a business transaction like a
external segment reporting (over and good movement. Assignments we make (between cost centers and business
above company codes) based on the areas for example) are the basis on which the system determines the
significant areas of operation (for appropriate business area.
example, product lines) of a business
enterprise. How to create Business area?
SPRO > SAP Reference IMG > Enterprise Structure > Definition> Materials
Useful Transaction Codes Management > Maintain purchasing organization
OX03 Customizing: business area Setup SPRO > SAP Reference IMG > Enterprise Structure > Definition > Financial
Accounting > Define Business Area
CXN5 - Assign Company
Codes/business areas • Select new Entries
• Give the business area HYD
• Description: Business Area for HYD
Domain
GSBER
Tables
TGSB
ERP Fact Sheet 14

Dunning Area
Mahnbereich | Domaine de Relance| Oblasť Upomínania
What is a Dunning Area?

Definition
You use dunning areas if several organizational units are responsible for carrying
out dunning within a company code. These organizational units are represented
Organizational unit that you use to by dunning areas in the SAP System.
process the dunning program for
example, by division, or sales You only need dunning areas if you do not process dunning at company code
organization. level.
Usually, dunning is carried out for company codes, so that you do not have to
set up dunning areas.
F150 dunning run The dunning area can correspond to a division, a distribution channel, a sales
organization, or a business area. You can thus control the dunning procedure
FBMP maintain running procedure
and the issuing of dunning notices separately for each dunning area.
You set up two separate dunning areas, e.g. for the fertilizers and the plastics
Domain
divisions respectively. If a customer purchases his goods from the fertilizer
BBP_MABER division and also buys plastics, he could be dunned by two dunning areas (see
the figure below).
Tables
MHNK: Header information
MHND: Line Items
MAHNV: Status
ERP Fact Sheet 15

Assigning Dunning Procedures
You assign dunning procedures to the corresponding dunning area in the

business partner master record.
You can:
• Define Different Dunning Procedures for Dunning Areas
You can define your own dunning procedure for each dunning area. Separate
dunning procedures are required if you want to use the dunning areas at
different intervals or to assign different grace days.
The dunning areas for the fertilizers and plastics divisions have defined their
own dunning procedures. A customer who purchases goods via both divisions is
reminded of its payment due by the dunning area for the fertilizer division after
ten days; the plastics dunning area only sends a dunning notice after 14 days.
• Define the required dunning areas and dunning procedures.

• Make the assignments for the dunning areas and dunning procedures in
the business partner master record.
• The figure below shows an example of information that is stored in the
customer master record. Dunning areas 01 and 02 use different
procedures.
• Or Define One Dunning Procedure for Dunning Areas
ERP Fact Sheet 16

Chart of accounts
Kontenplan|Plan Comptable|Účtová Osnova
Usage
You have to assign a chart of accounts to each company code. This chart of
Definition accounts is the operating chart of accounts and is used for the daily postings in
this company code.
You have the following options when using multiple company codes:
Chart of accounts is a list of all G/L
accounts used by one or several • You can use the same chart of accounts for all company codes
company codes. If the company codes all have the same requirements for the chart of accounts
set up, assign all of the individual company codes to the same chart of accounts.
This could be the case if all company codes are in the same country.
Assignment • In addition to the operating chart of accounts, you can use two additional
charts of accounts
If the individual company codes need different charts of accounts, you can
Exactly one operating chart of assign up to two charts of accounts in addition to the operating chart of
accounts can be assigned to one accounts. This could be the case if company codes lie in multiple countries.
company code
Definition of Chart of accounts:

Exactly one chart of accounts can be
assigned to one controlling area For each G/L account, the chart of accounts contains the account number,
account name, and the information that controls how an account functions
and how a G/L account is created in a company code.
Useful Transaction Codes All company codes within one controlling area must have same chart of
accounts.
OBY9 – Transport of Chart of Accounts
OBY8 – Deletion of Chart of Accounts
Domain
KTOPL
Table
SKA1
ERP Fact Sheet 17

Chart of Depreciation
Bewertungsplan | Plan d´évaluation | Graf Odpisov
Integration
Definition
Charts of depreciation are used in A chart of depreciation, for example, can be used for all the company codes in
order to manage various legal a given country.
requirements for the depreciation and
valuation of assets. These charts of Independent from its assignment to a chart of depreciation. This means that
depreciation are usually country- several company codes can use the same chart of accounts, although they have
specific and are defined different charts of depreciation (and vice versa). Chart of depreciation are
independently of the other linked special accounts
organizational units.
Assignment Usage
SAP supplies typical reference charts of depreciation for each country. They
have different depreciation areas and depreciation keys depending on that
Exactly one chart of depreciation can country’s specific requirements. You cannot use these charts of depreciation
be assigned to one company code directly. You must create your own chart of depreciation by copying the
reference chart of depreciation. Delete any depreciation areas that are not
needed.
Country-Specific Charts of Depreciation
OADB – Definition of depreciation area
AFAB – Post depreciation
AFAR – Recalculation of depreciation In the simplest scenario, all of your company codes are in the same country and
are subject to the same legal requirements for asset valuation, meaning that
you only need one chart of depreciation.
Domain
AFAPL
Table
T096
T033
ERP Fact Sheet 18

Cost Center
Kostenstelle | Section de frais | Nákladové Stredisko
Definition
How to create a new Cost Center:
Cost Center is organizational unit
used for internal controlling
purposes. Dividing your company up To create a new Cost Center enter KS01 into the SAP system’s transaction code
into profit centers allows you to box.
analyze areas of responsibility and to
delegate responsibility to The standard cost center hierarchy is organizational structure created
decentralized units, thus treating automatically for each controlling area. It is a tree structure which contains
them as “companies within the cost center groups which contains all cost centers in a controlling area and
company”. Cost center is responsible reflects the organizational structure used in Profit Center Accounting. Cost
only for costs Centers are dependent on validity dates.
Assignment
Usage of cost center
Cost centers are created within
controlling area. Because of
assignment of company codes to
Cost centers are used for cost center accounting. It determines which costs
controlling area, by creation it is
were incurred in individual cost centers.
determined for which company codes
can be profit center used/assigned. Products and orders are debited with these costs based on the cost center
One cost center can be assigned for activities they used.
multiple company codes (within
In costing with quantity structure the Cost Center is determined through the
controlling area)
work center.
In unit costing (costing without quantity structure, reference and simulation
Useful Transaction Codes costing) you enter the cost center or work center manually in the screen.
Create a new Cost Center - KS01

Change an existing Cost Center – KS02
View existing Cost Centers – KS03
Delete a Cost Center – KS04
Domain
KOSTL
Table
CSKS
ERP Fact Sheet 19

Profit Center
Profitcenter| Centre de profit | Profit Centrum
Use:
Definition Profit Center Accounting at the profit center level is based on costs and
revenues. These are assigned statistically by multiple parallel updating to all
logistical activities and other allocations of relevance for a profit center.
A profit center is an organizational
unit in accounting that reflects a The exchange of goods and services between profit centers can be valuated
management-oriented structure of the using the same valuation approach as in financial accounting or another
organization for the purpose of approach
internal control.
You can analyze operating results for
profit centers using either the cost-of- Structure:
sales or the period accounting The master data of a profit center includes the name of the profit center, the
approach. controlling area it is assigned to, and the profit center’s period of validity, as
well as information about the person responsible for the profit center, the
By calculating the fixed capital as profit center’s assignment to a node of the standard hierarchy, and data
well, you can use your profit centers required for communication (address, telephone number and so on).
as investment centers.
Every profit center is assigned to the controlling area organizational unit. This
assignment is necessary because Profit Center Accounting displays values in
G/L accounts.
The system transfers all the data to Profit Center Accounting together with
Create a new Profit Center – KE51 the G/L account to which the data was originally posted. You can only
aggregate data that shares the following:
Change an existing one – KE52
• Same chart of accounts
View existing Profit Centers – KE53 • Same fiscal year variant
• Same currency
To view the hierarchy of a
Profit Center Group – KCH2 To ensure that your data in Profit center Accounting is consistent with that in
other areas, you must assign each profit center to the Standard Hierarchy.
Domain The standard hierarchy is used in the information system, allocations, and
PRCTR
various planning functions. You can also assign your profit centers to
alternative hierarchical structures, called Profit Center Groups .
Table Like cost centers, profit centers are valid for a specific time period. This has
CEPC
the following advantages:
GLTPC
• No complicated activities are necessary when a new fiscal year begins.
• You can enter future changes to the master data in advance.
• Profit centers are time-dependent in two ways:
First, you can enter a period during which actual or plan data can be
posted to the profit center. Second, you can define time-based fields when
you customize Profit Center Accounting.
ERP Fact Sheet 20

Functional Area
Functional Area| Sachgebiet | Funkčná oblasť
Overview:
What is the purpose of Company?
Definition
The Functional area field appears on FI, CO, profit center accounting (PCA),
Functional areas are used to analyze and special purpose ledger (SL) documents or for the cost of sales accounting
Cost of Sales Accounting. By this you ledger (0F). It's used to report results under the cost-of-sales accounting
can analyze your organization's approach. When combined with the G/L account, the functional area
expenses by definition of the
determines where on the profit and loss statement a value will be displayed.
functional area like Finance,
Marketing, Production, HR, etc. Functional areas allow you to deliver a profit and loss statement that meets
the requirements of US GAAP.
You define functional areas such as manufacturing, sales, distribution,
Useful Transaction Codes administration, R&D, etc. Each transaction is recorded with a functional area,
and that additional dimension is used in reporting to classify expenses.
Create functional areas - OKBD
Domain
ROLLNAME
Tables
TFKB - functional areas

FAREA_MODE - Determination
of functional areas for Postings
FAXLFLEXA
ERP Fact Sheet 21

FI-CO main business objects
Hlavné FI-CO business objekty | Haupt FI-CO Geschäftsobjekte
Which are main FI-CO business objects?

• Finance document
Definition • Accounts – Accounts Receivable/Account Payable
• General Ledger Account
Main FI-CO business objects are
• Reconciliation Account
created by business users during
processing daily business. They are • Cost Element
transactional or master data • Asset
• Cost Estimate
• Controlling Document
• Internal Order
• Functional Area
ERP Fact Sheet 22

Finance Document
Finanzdokument | document financier | Finančný Dokument
The Structure of Finance Documents

Definition
A Finance Document is a master A Finance Document consists of the following parts:
record of documentary payment Category
(like a letter credit). The document’s category indicates whether the document is e.g. revocable or
not.
Type
Use of Financial Docs The type controls which information is required for the document’s master
record.
If a finance document master record
exists, the system can compare the Partner Data
data between Sales and Distribution The partner data includes the sold-to and ship-to company.
documents with the terms of the Bank and Document number
finance document.
This includes the number of the bank – which created the Finance Document –
and the number the bank assigned to the document.
Useful Transaction Codes Values

This includes the amount of money the Finance Document will cover, the
New Finance Documents can be currency in which the money will be received and the maximum tolerated
created with transaction code VX11. overdraft in percent.
To change an existing one, use Dates

transaction code VX12. These are the key dates in the Finance Document’s transaction, including the
document’s opening and validity date.
To view existing Finance Documents,
use transaction code VX13. Delivery Data
This is the shipping data including the international commercial terms and
If you want to maintain Finance quantities covered by the Finance Document.
Documents, transaction code VX14
is the one to use.
The finance document also contains the banks that are associated with the
export transaction, the required shipping documents, additional explanatory
Domain text and the status of the documents completion.
BELNR
Table
BKPF
ERP Fact Sheet 23

Accounts – Accounts Receivable/Account Payable
Debitor konto/ Kreditor buchhaltung | Compte client/Comptabilité
fournisseurs | Pohľadávky/ Záväzky
The Accounts Payable

The Accounts Payable application component records and administers
accounting data for all vendors. It is also an integral part of the purchasing
system, where deliveries and invoices are managed according to vendors. The
Useful Transaction Codes system automatically makes postings in response to the operative transactions.
In the same way, the system supplies the Cash Management application
FB01/FB60 - Post Vendor Invoice
(document type (vendor) and component with figures from invoices in order to optimize liquidity planning.
posting key (debit))
Payables are paid with the payment program. The payment program supports
all standard payment methods (such as checks and transfers) in printed form as
well as in electronic form (data medium exchange on disk and electronic data
interchange). This program also covers country-specific payment methods.
Tables
If necessary, dunning notices can be created for outstanding receivables (for
BKPF example, to receive payment for a credit memo). The dunning program
supports this function.
BSEG
FBL2N Postings made in Accounts Payable are simultaneously recorded in the General
BSIK Ledger where different G/L accounts are updated based on the transaction
involved (such as payables and down payments). The system contains due date
BSID
forecasts and other standard reports that you can use to help you monitor open
BSAK items.
BSAD
You can configure balance confirmations, account statements, and other
notifications to suit your correspondence requirements. There are balance lists,
journals, balance audit trails and other evaluations available for documenting
transactions in Accounts Payable.
The Accounts Receivable
The Accounts Receivable application component records and administers

accounting data of all customers. It is also an integral part of sales
management.
All postings in Accounts Receivable are also recorded directly in the General
Ledger. Different G/L accounts are updated depending on the transaction
ERP Fact Sheet 24

involved (for example, receivables, down payments, and bills of exchange). The
system contains a range of tools that you can use to monitor open items, such
as account analyses, alarm reports, due date lists, and a flexible dunning
program. The correspondence linked to these
balance confirmations, account statements, and interest calculations Incoming
payments can be assigned to due receivables using user-friendly screen
functions or by electronic means such as EDI and data The payment program
can automatically carry out direct debiting and down payments.
There is a range of tools available for documenting the transactions that occur
in Accounts Receivable, including balance lists, journals, balance audit trails,
and other standard reports. When drawing up financial statements, the items
in foreign currency are revalued, customers who are also vendors are listed,
and the balances on the accounts are sorted according to remaining life.
Accounts Receivable is not merely a basis for adequate and orderly accounting.
It also provides the data required for effective credit management, (as a result
of its close integration with the Sales and Distribution component), as well as
important information for the optimization of liquidity planning, (through its
link to Cash Management).
ERP Fact Sheet 25

General Ledger Account
Hauptbuchkonto | Compte général | Účet hlavnej knihy
How to create a G/L Account?

Creation of G/L Master Centrally (FS00)
SAP Reference IMG Financial Accounting General Ledger Accounting G/L
Definition Accounts Master Data G/L Account Creation Change G/L Accounts
Individually
The general ledger is managed on
company code level. From general • Select the new entry
ledger, the balance sheet and the P/L • Give the GL Account 100000
(profit and loss) statement are • Give the Company Code 1000
created, as required by law. Thereby, • Give the Account Group SHARE CAPITAL, short text SHARE CAPITAL
assets of a company are separated ACCOUNT, long text SHARE CAPITAL
into assets (application of funds) and • Select the control data
liabilities (source of funds). Regarding
• Select the line item display check box
the integration with the sub-ledgers,
business events that are recorded in • Give the sort key 001
the sub-ledgers (AP, ARP, etc.), in • Select the create/bank/interest tab
materials management (material • Field Status Group G001
stock) or in treasury (management of
financial resources), are considered in
the balance sheet in real-time. Posting of G/L transaction (F-02)
In the SPRO go to Accounting_Financial Accounting_General Ledger_Document

Useful Transaction Codes Entry_Other_General Posting
• Give the document date, posting date, company code, currency
Create new G/L Account centrally: • Give the posting key for example 40
FS00 • Give the G/L account and enter
• Give the amount
Create G/L Account in Chart of • Text
Accounts: FSP0
• Give the posting key 50
Create G/L Account in the CC: FSS0 • G/L Account
• Amount etc
Display Balances on the G/L Account:
FS10N
From menu_document_simulate and save.
Domain
SAKNR Display document (FB03)
Tables Accounting_Financial Accounting_General Ledger_Document_Display

From menu_document_display.
SKA1
SKB1 Display G/L Account balance FS10N
BSEG In Menu -> Accounting > Financial Accounting > General Ledger > Account
BSIS > Display Balances
BSAS
ERP Fact Sheet 26

Reconciliation Account
Abstimmkonto | Compte Collectif| Kontrolný Účet
Integration of G/L Accounts in Financial Accounting

Definition
-All accounting-relevant transactions made in Logistics (LO) or Human
Resources (HR) components are posted in real-time to Financial Accounting by
When you post items to a subsidiary means of automatic account determination. That is, based on the processes
ledger, the SAP system automatically involved, the system automatically finds the appropriate account to post the
posts the same data to the general value or money flow to. This data can also be passed on to Controlling (CO).
ledger at the same time. Each This ensures that logistical goods movements (such as goods receipts and goods
subsidiary ledger has one or more issues) are exactly reflected in the value based updates in accounting.
reconciliation accounts in the general Every posting that is made in the subledgers generates a corresponding posting
ledger. These reconciliation accounts to the assigned G/L accounts (reconciliation accounts). This ensures that the
ensure that the balance of G/L subledgers are always reconciled with the general ledger.
accounts is always zero. This means
that you can draw up financial
statements at any time without having
to transfer totals from the subledgers
to the general ledger.
FBL3N
OASV
OAMK
FAGLL03
ERP Fact Sheet 27

Accounting Document
Buchhaltungsbeleg | Pièce Comptable | Účtovný doklad
Definition What is the structure of an Accounting document like?

The accounting documents record
A document consists of a document header and at least two document line
changes in values in a company code
items:
arising from accounting transactions.
They consist of one or more line items ● Document Header
(postings), each of which represents The document header is a part of the document that contains information
an individual transaction posted to an that applies to the entire document, such as the document date and
account. document number. It also includes controlling information such as the
When posting an accounting document type.
document, the SAP system updates ● Document Line Item
the transaction figures in the accounts The document line item is a part of the document that contains information
to which the document is posted. on an item. This includes the amount, an account number, whether the item
An accounting document is a is a debit or credit, and additional information depending on the transaction
representation within the SAP System to be posted. A document line item can also contain additional account
of the document (for example, an assignments (for example, profit center, cost center) and an explanatory text.
invoice) that triggered the posting.
If you want to create new document go to transaction FB01.

Accounting document: OBA7
Create new Accounting document:
FB01
ERP Fact Sheet 28

Cost Element
Kostenart| Nature Comptable | Finančný Dokument
Overview:
Definition Cost Elements play a very important role in the reconciliation/alignment of

costs and postings between Financial Accounting (FI) and Management
Due to the integrated nature of SAP Accounting/ Controlling (CO). There are different types of cost elements such
Systems there is a requirement to as Primary Cost Elements, Secondary Cost Elements and Revenue Cost Elements
create expense accounts in Financial all which have a specific purpose.
Accounting with corresponding
primary cost elements in • Primary Cost Elements: To be able to post a primary cost element, you
Controlling. This ensures that require an object in Management Accounting (such as a cost centre) to
expenses in Financial Accounting identify the origin of the costs. Examples of primary cost elements are
and primary costs in Management material costs and salary costs.
Accounting can be reconciled. • Secondary Cost Elements: Are used exclusively in Management
Accounting to identify internal cost flows such as assessments or
settlements. They do not have corresponding general ledger accounts in
Financial Accounting (FI) and are defined in Management Accounting
only.
Useful Transaction Codes • Revenue Elements: When you analyse revenues in cost controlling (CO),
the SAP system records them as revenue elements. Revenue elements
KA01 – Create (Primary) Cost are primary cost elements.
Element
KA02 – Change (Primary) Cost Cost Element Groups :
Element
KAH1 – Create Cost Element Group You can collect cost elements with similar characteristics in cost element
KAH2 – Change Cost Element Group groups.
The following graphic shows an example of a cost element group.

Domain
KSTAR
Table
CSKA
CSKB
CSSK
ERP Fact Sheet 29

Asset
Anlagevermögen, Wirtschaftsgüter | Atout | Investičný Majetok
How to create an Asset?

Definition
In financial accounting, an Asset is an Access the Asset creation screen with transaction code AS01.
economic resource. Check if you’re going to create an entirely new Asset, or if you want to add
Anything tangible or intangible that is one to an already existing one:
capable of being owned or controlled
to produce value and that is held to • If its going to be new Asset, determine the correct asset
have positive economic value is class, first. Then fill out the asset class and company code in the
considered an asset. Initial screen of the master data transaction. You can also use an
Simply stated, assets represent value already existing Asset as reference.
of ownership that can be converted
into cash. (Although cash itself is also • If you want to add your Asset to an already existing one,
considered an asset.) you must identify the “asset main number” of the existing
Asset and then create a new asset sub-number for the one
you want to add.The system will then use the provided
“asset main number” to determine the new asset’s class.
Useful Transaction Codes • If you are using an external number assignment, enter the
new asset’s main number (sub-number might also work).
Create a new Asset: AS01 (You can not use hyphens (-) or stars (*) as part of the
Change an existing Asset: AS02 asset number when using an external number assignment.
If you are using an internal one, the system will
View existing Assets: AS03 automatically assign the number.
Remove Assets: AS06
Now you should be able to add relevant information to your asset.
A description, the date of capitalization and inventory, its origin, tax
Domain specifications, insurance data and leasing information (if available) could be
very useful for you or others taking care of assets within your company.
ANL1
You should also specify depreciation and valuation information for each area
(or check if the default values are correct).
Also make sure that you deactivated any depreciation area that is not
Tables necessary for your asset.
ANLA (Asset Master Record Segment) Save your asset. After doing so you can create another one or leave.
ERP Fact Sheet 30

Cost Estimate
Kalkulation | Calculs| Kalkulácia
Overview:
Definition Understanding the Standard Product Cost Estimate:
Product costing is one of the key areas in Manufacturing and process industries.
A material cost estimate used to It is used for estimating and valuating the internal cost of a product. Product
calculate the standard price in the cost planning is used for estimating/predicting the cost incurred in producing a
material master record. Finished Product. This estimate is also used for budgeting purpose. When the
The cost estimate must be executed material is actually produced, the actual cost is incurred and the variance
with a costing variant that updates the between planned cost and the actual cost is calculated. Based on the magnitude
material master, and the cost of variance, decision is taken to re-estimate the cost of the materials.
estimate must be released. Standard Cost estimate is the basis of product cost planning . This is nothing
but the estimation of cost of a particular product, being manufactured.
Important tools used in cost estimate:
• Cost Variant
CK11 – Create Material Cost Estimate • Cost Component Split
CK13 – Display Material Cost Estimate • Costing Estimate with/without quantity structure
• Costing Run/Price Update
Domain
Current Cost Estimate:
You can use the current cost estimate to calculate the cost of goods
CK_KALNR
manufactured of a material in the course of the fiscal year, and to provide up-
to-date information as to whether the current material costs are acceptable.
You can transfer the results of a current cost estimate as "other planned prices"
Tables to the material master.
The current cost estimate valuates the current quantity structure with the
KEKO current valid prices.
KEPH
CKIS
ERP Fact Sheet 31

Controlling Document
Kostenrechnungsbeleg | Pièce de compatibilité analytique| Doklad
Nákladového Účtovníctva
Definition Overview:
What is the purpose of controlling document?
A document of value and quantity
changes within a controlling area
because of a business transaction. The Controlling and Financial Accounting components create separate
documents. When primary postings from FI are transferred to CO, corresponding
It holds one or more line items
documents with unique document numbers are generated in CO. Additional CO
detailing the changes.
documents are generated through internal transactions, such as internal
activity allocation, assessment, and accrual calculations. You can display these
documents and the original documents recorded in Financial Accounting.

FB03, KSB5 or CV03N – For displaying
Documents
KABP – For displaying Plan Cost
Documents
Domain
CO_BELNR
Tables
COEP
AFRU
ERP Fact Sheet 32

Internal Order
Interner Auftrag | commande interne | Interná Objednávka
Definition Use and Creation of Internal Orders

You can use Internal Orders to monitor internal jobs settled to cost centres or
Internal Orders describe individual fixed assets to offset postings of accumulated costs calculated in cost
jobs within a controlling area. accounting or to display the controlling parts of Sales and Distribution customer
not affecting the core business of the company.
Orders support action-oriented
planning, monitoring and allocation To create an internal order…
of costs.
…enter transaction code KO01 into your ERP system’s transaction box.
An advantage is… In the initial

screen, enter the
…the wide variety of planning and order type your
budgeting functions provided for order belongs to
orders. and press the
As with orders, each event receives “master data”
its own overhead order and the costs button.
are collected separately.
Now you will have
The settlement function allocates to state the
the order’s costs to the cost center controlling area
responsible for supporting the trade your order should
fairs, which provides you with the be created in via
organizational view of the costs. a pop up.
This makes it possible to analyze and
compare the results of the trade
fairs, even after the settlement has
been made. After that you should be able to enter the company code, business area,
object class, profit center and cost center that will be affiliated with your
internal order.
After entering all desired credentials you complete the creation process by
pressing the save button (the floppy disc icon).
Create a new internal order - KO01
View existing internal orders – KO03 If the message of a succesfully created order with the number XYZ* appears,
you’ve done everything right. (I guess.)
Order Manager (view, change and
create) – KO04
*XYZ as a random number
Master data list – KO05
Useful Standard Table

AUFK – Order Master Data
ERP Fact Sheet 33

MM Organizational units
Organizačné jednotky MM | Organisationseinheiten MM
Definition What and which are organizational units in MM?
Organizational units are used to structure business functions and for reporting.
Organizational units are elements of
The organizational units of Material Master(Logistics) are used for controlling of
the SAP System logical structure
all logistic business processes and ensure smooth processes e.g.
ordering/manufacturing/maintenance.
Best idea how to understand organizational units is to explain on well known
MM is using also organizational units which are characterized as “Combined

objects” e.g. Client, Plant, because combined organizational units are used
across multiple modules
All MM organizational units can be found in customizing:
SPRO > SAP Reference IMG > Enterprise Structure > Definition >
Logistics General / Materials Management
ERP Fact Sheet 34

Purchasing organization
Einkaufsorganisation| Nákupná organizácia
Definition The structure and possible assignment of purchasing

An organizational unit subdividing organization
an enterprise according to the
requirements of Purchasing. It As it is already mentioned in assignment, there is also possible to not assign
procures materials and services, purchase order at all to company codes or to assign to all plants, even though,
negotiates conditions of purchase they are assigned to different company codes. This cross company code
with vendors, and is responsible for purchase organization is useful for better negotiations at corporate level,
such transactions. because then it is possible to get better discount
If there is only one purchasing organization assigned to multiple plants from
Assignment different company codes, it is not possible to enter manually company code at
header level in the Purchase order. The company code is derived from the plant
Purchasing organization can be at good receipt level
assigned to ONLY 1 company code,
however it is possible to assign to Purchasing organization can be created via transaction OX08 or customizing:
one company code more purchasing
organizations. Also there is SPRO > SAP Reference IMG > Enterprise Structure > Definition> Materials
Management > Maintain purchasing organization
possibility assign to one purchase
organization multiple plants
Main purchasing organization assignment can be found via transaction OX01 /
belonging to different company
or customizing:
codes. (1 plant can be assigned to
multiple Purchasing organization). SPRO > SAP Reference IMG > Enterprise Structure > Assignment> Materials
Management > Assign purchasing organization to company code / Assign
Useful Transaction purchasing organization to plant
Codes The form of procurement is defined by the assignment of purchasing
Maintain purchasing organization - organizations to company codes and plants
OX08
OX01- Assign purchasing
organization to Company code
OX17- Assign purchasing
organization to plant
Domain
EKORG
Table
T024E
T024Z
ERP Fact Sheet 35

Plant
Werk | division | Závod
A plant can assume a variety of roles:

As a Maintenance Plant
Definition Includes the maintenance objects that are especially located within this Plant.
The maintenance tasks are to be performed as specified within a maintenance
The Plant is an organizational unit planning plant.
serving to subdivide an enterprise
according to production,
procurement, maintenance and
materials planning aspects.
It is a place where either materials
are produced or goods and services
provided.
Assignment
A plant is assigned to exactly one
company code. As a Retail or Wholesale Site
A plant is divided into storage Makes merchandise available for distribution and sale.
locations that contain physical stock A Plant can be subdivided into storage locations, allowing stocks of materials
to be broken down according to predefined criteria (for example for location
or materials planning aspects).
Useful Transaction Code A plant can also be subdivided into locations and operational areas.
Subdivision into locations takes geographical criteria into account, whereas
Create a new plant – WB01 subdivision into operational areas reflects responsibilities for maintenance.
Change existing plants – WB02
Use of the “Plant” Field Type
The preferred shipping point for a plant is defined as the default shipping
Domain point which depends on the shipping and loading conditions.
For the placement of materials in storage (stock put-away) a storage location
WERKS
must be assigned to a plant. The storage location depends on the storage
conditions and the placement situation.
Table
T001W
T001K
ERP Fact Sheet 36

Valuation Area
Bewertungsgebiet| Oblasť oceňovania
Definition Important setting of valuation area

It is level on which determination is
set of price of materials and their
values. As it is mentioned in assignment valuation of material stocks can be set either
at plant or company code level.
Assignment  At plant level, one plant corresponds to one material valuation area
Valuation of material stocks can be  At company code level, one company code corresponds to one material
set either at plant or company code valuation area (for all plants belonging to company code)
level
In most cases it is setup “At plant level” as following picture shows:
Useful Transaction
Codes
OX14 – Valuation level settings
Domain
BWKEY This can be immediately found via transaction OX14.
Table
T001K
ERP Fact Sheet 37

Storage location
Lager| Skladovacie miesto
Definition Definition and usage of Storage location

An organizational unit allowing the
differentiation of material stocks
within a plant. Basically it is place An organizational unit allowing the differentiation of material stocks within a
where the materials are stored plant. Basically it is place where the materials are stored inside the plan.
inside the plan. Many storage Many storage locations can be located in one plant.
locations can be located in one
plant.
We can create storage location via transaction OX09. During creation of
Assignment storage location first step is choosing plant.
1 Storage location can be assigned SPRO > SAP Reference IMG > Enterprise Structure > Definition> Materials
to only 1 plant, however many Management > Maintain storage location
storage locations can be assigned to
1 plant. After creation of storage location ID it is possible also to create Addresses of
storage locations
Useful Transaction There is possible to assign Warehouse number to storage location which can be
Codes imagined as number of rack where material(good) is located.
This can be found in customizing:
OX09 – Creation of storage location
SPRO > SAP Reference IMG > Enterprise Structure > Assignment> Logistics
execution > Assign warehouse number to plant /storage location
Domain
LGORT
Table
T001L
ERP Fact Sheet 38

MM main business objects
Hlavné MM business objekty | Haupt MM Geschäftsobjekte
Which are main MM business objects?

Definition
• Material
• Vendor
Main MM business objects are created
by business users during processing • Info Records
daily business. They are transactional • Scheduling Agreement
or master data
• Source List
• Contracts
• Batches
• Purchase conditions
• Vendor Evaluation
• Quota arrangement
• Output condition
• Request for quotation
• Purchase Requisition
• Purchase Orders
• Reservation
• Material Document
• Delivery (Inbound)
• Invoice
ERP Fact Sheet 39

Material
Material | numéro d’article | Materiál
Information
Definition
The Material Number is a unique You have the following types of number assignments in the R/3 / ERP system:
number for identifying a material
master record and thus material. External: If your company uses mnemonic keys (normally alphanumeric) you
enter the character string you want to use as the material number when
For every material that your creating the material master record.
company uses, you must create a
material master record in the Internal: If your company uses non-mnemonic key instead you don’t have to
material master. enter a material number when creating its master record.
You can assign mnemonic or non- The system will automatically assign its next available number to the material.
mnemonic keys as material numbers, You can then view the number when maintaining the master record.
depending on the method your Your system administrator defines the required type of number assignment
company prefers. under “Customizing” for the material master in defined number ranges.
If external number assignment is required, your system administrator can flag
the defined number range as an external number range.
Useful Transaction Codes It can then assign it to one or more material types and, as a result, the type of
number assignment depends on the chosen material type.
Create a new one – MM01
In a standard R/3 or ERP system, an external and an internal number range can
Change an existing one – MM02 be defined for each material type or group of material types.
View existing ones – MM03
Most important setting of materials is material type – MTART. Best examples of
material types are Finished products/NotFinished products/Raw
materials/Samples/…
Standard Tables Behind each material type are special attributes which are valid only for
selected material type.
MARA, MARC and MARD (A-segment,
company code data, and storage
location data with stocks)
Domain
MATNR
ERP Fact Sheet 40

Vendor
Lieferant | Vendeur | Dodávateľ
How to create a new Vendor in SAP ERP
Definition
Enter the transaction code XK01 to get to the initial screen for creating a new
A vendor is any person or company vendor.
that sells goods or services to
someone else in the economic
production chain.
In the IT as well as in other industries
the term is commonly applied to
suppliers of goods and services to
other companies.

Enter the name your new Vendor should have or choose an existing one via
Create a new vendor – XK01 / FD01 input help.
Change an existing vendor – XK02 /
FD02 You can also use a vendor as reference for your new one.
View existing vendors – XK03 / FK03

You will have to specify a Company Code - which your new Vendor will be part
of – and an Account Group – describing the role the vendor will be playing
(just vendor, a supplier, etc.) - to continue creating it.
Useful Standard Tables (The Input Help can help you finding the right credentials)
Vendor Master Table – LFA1 You should also state a Purchasing Organisation but the three mentioned
Company code data – LFB1 values are enough to proceed. Press Enter (or the Enter button in the upper
left corner) to continue to the next page.
Bank details - LFBK
Here you can enter the address info of your vendor (Company Name, Street
and City, Country, etc., etc., etc.).
Domain A name and a country are mandatory. Anything else is optional but it’s always
better to give as much information as possible.
LIFNR
After that, the next page is about “control” info including Tax Information.
There are no mandatory fields but as before. The more, the better.
Continue filling out the remaining pages with at least the mandatory fields
filled out to succesfully save your new vendor.
ERP Fact Sheet 41

Info Records
Einkaufsinfosatzes
Information
Definition
Main purpose of the info record allows buyers to provide fast information such
as following:
Serves as a source of information for
Purchasing. The purchasing info
Prices and conditions that you can store for the relevant purchasing
record (also referred to in organization or plant
abbreviated form as the "info
record") contains information on a Vendor material number / conversion unit aspect
specific material and a vendor
supplying the material. For example,
• The number of the last purchase order
the vendor's current pricing is stored
in the info record. • Tolerance limits for overdeliveries and underdeliveries
• The planned delivery time (lead time required by the vendor todeliver
the material)
ME11 / ME12 / ME13
• Vendor evaluation data
• An indicator showing whether the vendor counts as the regular vendor

Standard Tables
for the material
EINA
EINE • The vendor sub-range to which the material belongs
• The availability period during which the vendor can supply the material
Domain
INFNR
ERP Fact Sheet 42

Scheduling Agreement
Einkaufsinfosatzes
Information
Scheduling Agreement is type of outline agreement. The outline purchase
agreement is often referred to as a blanket or umbrella purchase order. It is
Definition basically a long-term agreement between the purchasing department and
vendor for material or services for a defined period of time. The purchasing
department negotiates with the vendor a set of terms and conditions that are
Scheduling agreement is a long term
fixed for the period of agreement.
outline agreement between vendor
and ordering party over a predefined
material or service which are
Scheduling agreement attributes:
procured on predetermined dates
over a framework of time
• Longer-term scheduling agreements and delivery schedules
• Same scheduling agreement number is used with different release calls
Useful Transaction Codes • Mainly used for repetitive/predictable requirements e.g. purchasing
spare parts of a large fleet
ME31L/ME37/ME32L/ME33L • Can be tightly integrated with MRP
Purpose of scheduling agreement is to create delivery schedule, which in

Standard Tables
certain time, certain amount of material from defined vendors is ordered
EKEK Creation of delivery schedule is via transaction ME38. Creation of delivery
EKET schedule is used without using MRP. When MRP is implemented process of using
EKKO
EKPO scheduling agreement is different, more complicated, which requires usage
also of Source list.
Domain Scheduling agreement can be created by following two steps:
EBELN • Creating scheduling agreement

• Maintain scheduling lines for the agreement
Scheduling agreem
ents are stored in EKKO table and usually type is BSTYP = L
ERP Fact Sheet 43

Source list
Orderbuch
Information
Definition The purpose of source list is for a material how many source are there to supply.
The source list record uniquely identifies the source of supply, that is, in the
SAP system, a vendor, an internal plant, or an outline agreement item, and
List of available sources (vendors) of facilitates determination of the applicable source for a purchase requisition at
supply for a material, indicating the a certain time.
periods during which procurement
from such sources is possible.
Source list is always created for combination Material and plant

Source list doesn’t have unique numbering it is stored as combination of 3 fields
Material number, plant and source list number field DZEORD in table EORD.
ME01/ME03/ME04
Standard Tables
EORD
Domain
Combination of 2 fields MATNR +
PLANT (field DZEORD- NUMC5)
ERP Fact Sheet 44

Contracts
Kontrakt
Definition Information
Contract is also type of outline agreement.
Contract is a long term outline The contract does not contain specific delivery dates or the individual delivery
agreement between vendor and quantities. These are specified subsequently in release orders issued against
ordering party over predefined the contract when customer requires them.
material or services over certain
framework of time.
There are two types of contract:
Useful Transaction Codes Quantity Contract: In this type of contract overall value is specified in terms
of total quantity of material to be supplied by vendor.
ME31K/ME32K/ME33K
Monitor contracts - ME80RN Value Contract: In this type of contract overall value is specified in terms of
total amount to be paid for that material to the vendor.
Standard Tables Contracts are stored in EKKO table and usually type is BSTYP = K
EKKO
EKPO
Domain
EBELN
ERP Fact Sheet 45

Batches
Chargennummer
Definition Information
In simple terms SAP Batch Handling means an additional keys fields for users
Batch can be defined as tagging an
to identify the same materials.
alphanumeric or numeric code to the
material produced or material
procured.
For e.g.
Normal Control: Plant + Material + Storage Location
Useful Transaction Codes Batch Handling: Plant + Material + Storage Location + Batch Number
MSC1n/MSC2n/MSC3n Best example is e.g. materials that require such precise identification, for
example pharmaceutical products, are identified and managed in stock not
only according to material number, but also according to batch number.
Standard Tables
Activation of batches for materials is done in transaction MM01. MM01 --
MCHA
General Plant data/storage 1 View -- Batch Management (check box)
MCHB
(Check also Purchasing or Warehouse Mgmt 1 view).
MCH1
Domain
CHARG
ERP Fact Sheet 46

Purchase conditions
Konditionsatze
Information
Definition
This component enables you to store pricing stipulations agreed with the
vendor (such as applicable discounts or surcharges, or stipulations regarding
Purchase conditions are used in the payment of freight costs) in the system. You can enter these conditions in
generally for pricing agreements quotations, outline purchase agreements, and info records. You also have the
with vendors. option of entering general conditions at vendor level, for example. The
system then applies the conditions in determining the price in purchase
orders (POs). You can enter further conditions in the PO itself.
Purchase conditions are similar to purchsae info records, however you can
MEK1/MEK2/MEK3 /customizing specify more conditions how price should be determined
Main difference is that purchase info records is only for combination material,
Standard Tables vendor & P.Org, however purchase conditions are quite agile and you can also
include e.g. plant, material group, material type,…
KONH
KONP
Priority
Domain
If condition record is not existing for a vendor/material but Purchasing info
record is existing then during PO it will pick price from purchasing infor
KNUMB
record
If also a condition record and also purchasing inforecord is existing in system

then it picks the condition record details for the vendor and material
combination during Po creation.
ERP Fact Sheet 47

Vendor evaluation
Lieferantenbeurteilung pflegen
Information
Definition
The Vendor Evaluation component supports you in optimizing your procurement
processes in the case of both materials and services .
Vendor evaluation is the process of
analyzing and assessing the
performance of the vendors of the
external vendor. In this processes How the system calculates vendors delivery
vendors are allowed to score in perfomance?
different criteria and the highest
scored vendor is selected for
procurement. The system uses the statistics-relevant delivery date in the purchase order
(Items -> Delivery Schedule) and the goods receipt date to calculate date
variances.
Useful Transaction Codes You use the statistics-relevant delivery date, for example, if you know that the
vendor will not deliver the material as scheduled on September 15 but on
ME61
September 30. Enter the delivery date as September 30, but enter the
ME62
statistics-relevant delivery date as September 15.
ME65
In calculating the score for on-time delivery performance, the system will then
not use the actual delivery date, but the statistics-relevant delivery date. This
Standard Tables has a negative effect on the score for this goods receipt.
ELBK
However, materials planning and control uses the realistic delivery date
ELBM
(September 30) which the vendor will actually adhere to.
The system considers only goods receipts against purchase orders and
Domain scheduling agreements into stores and the release of GR blocked stock into
stores. In the standard system, these are the movement types 101 and 105.
BEWER
You can define criteria by following customizing path:
SPRO --> SAP Reference IMG --> Materials Management --> Purchasing -->
Vendor Evaluation --> Define Criteria
ERP Fact Sheet 48

Quota arrangement
Quotierung pflegen
Information and relationship to source list

Definition
As we know about source list, as well as source list, we can use quota
Quota arrangement is used for
arrangement. We know source list is used for a source for a material. In
prioritizing vendors.
purchase requisition there is a tab Assign Source of Supply.We can assign a
number of vendors in source list so that when we press Assign Source of Supply,
system will automatic pick the vendor for the material.We can assign many
Useful Transaction Codes vendors to source list, at that time system will propose all vendor in source of
supply field and we have to choose one from the list.
MEQ1/MEQ2/MEQ3
But via quota arrangement, we can give the quantity and percentage for a
Standard Tables vendor, so if we maintain many vendors in source list, system will take the
correct vendor with comparison of quantity of document and quota
EQUK arrangement.
EQUP
So basically total requirement of a material is distributed to different vendor’s

Domain i.e. quota is assigned to each source of supply.Quota arrangement divides the
total requirement of material among certain sources of supply i.e. vendors and
QUNUM then assigns quota to each source.
ERP Fact Sheet 49

Output condition
Nachrichtenkonditionssatz
Information
Definition
Good example where can Output conditions help is following:
Output messages are basically used
by the SAP System to remember the 1, Send the Purchase Orders via Fax to all Vendors in Purchasing Organization
preferred mode of communication XXX.
with the Vendors. Some Vendors may
accept Purchase Orders though Fax 2, Send the Purchase Orders via EDI to all Vendors in Organization YYY
and others through EDI(mail) etc.
Output condition can be set up for specified object e.g. Purchase order/
Invoice/ …
The Output Condition records are maintained in the Table NACH.
VV31/VV32/VV33
MRM1/MRM2/MRM
Setup of output conditions is done via customizing:
Standard Tables SPRO --> SAP Reference IMG --> Material Management--> Purchasing ->
Message -> Output Control
B*
NACH
KSCHL
Domain
KNUMB
ERP Fact Sheet 50

Request for quotation
Anfrage
Information
Vendor selection is an important process in procurement cycle. Once
Definition requirements are gathered we will look for possible suppliers who can fulfil the
requirements at the best possible price. So a request is made to vendors to
submit their quotations indicating the price of material along with their terms
It is the initial step in a vendor and conditions. This request is known as request for quotation. The key points
selection process. The business about request for quotation are as follows:
sends out RFQ to the vendors and
the vendors respond back with • Request for quotation is a form of invitation that is sent to vendors to
submit quotation indicating pricing and their terms and conditions.
Quotations with prices. Next step is
• RFQ contains details about goods or services, quantity, date of delivery
quotation evaluation followed by
and date of bid on which it is to be submitted.
issue of a purchase order for the
• Quotation is a reply by a vendor in response to request for quotation.
material/services needed.
RFQ can be created by following two ways:
Useful Transaction Codes • Manually

• Automatically from Purchase Requisition
ME41/ME42/ME43
Standard Tables Request for quotation are predefined in SAP in table EKKO as BSTYP = A
EKKO
EKPO
Domain
EBELN
ERP Fact Sheet 51

Purchase Requisition
Bestellanforderung | demande d’achat | Požiadavka na Objednávku
Definition Structure and Creation of Purchase Requisitions

A Purchase Requisition is a request
or instruction for purchasing to A Purchase Requisition consists of a number of items for each of which a
procure a certain quantity of a procurement type is defined.
material or a service so that it is An item of a requisition contains the quantity and delivery date of the material
available at a certain point of time. to be supplied or the quantity of the service to be performed.
It is an internal document.
Which means it is not used outside
of your company. The procurement types can be:
• Standard
• Subcontracting
Useful Transaction Codes • Consignment
• Stock transfer
Create - ME51 • External Service
Change – ME52
View – ME53 For items to be supplied by subcontractors, you can specify the necessary input
Release – ME54 materials or components that are to be provided to the subcontractor for
assembly or processing in respect of each delivery date stipulated.
An item of the procurement type “External Service” contains a set of service
Useful Standard Table specifications.
EBAN
To create a Purchase Requisition, execute transaction code ME51.
EBKN
There you can specify the document type (consult input help if you need
assistance) and continue to the item overview with F5.
Domain
BANFN Now you can enter a header note and the material numbers, their quantity and
its respective measuring unit, the storage location, vendor, tracking number,
and valuation prices
ERP Fact Sheet 52

Purchase Order
Kaufauftrag | ordre d’achat | Objednávka
The structure of purchase orders
Definition A purchase order (PO for short) consists of document header and a number of
items.
A purchase order is a document that
records the quantity, time and Information defined in the header (such as payment and/or delivery terms)
conditions which under a vendor or relates to the entire PO, while information defined in each item can be different
service agent has to deliver goods or because they might belong to different item categories.
provide a service to the one who
Depending on its category, receipts or other further information might be
requested it.
needed to complete the PO. But usually the system will inform you about
This document can be used either missing data before you can proceed.
for actions between two of a
company’s plants or between two
An example for
companies with one acting as
creating a “demo”
vendor and the other one as client.
purchase order.
Normally a purchase order is
When all needed data
created automatically by the system
for the PO is given you
or manually by a user (who mostly
can continue by
plays the role of the client).
creating it.
Then you will be
Useful Transaction Codes: forwarded to a list
where you can enter
ME21/ME22/ME23
your required items
with their desired
Create a new purchase order with a
delivery date,
new vendor – ME25
quantity, etc.
Main Tables in SAP ERP If you are also done with this step you can finish the purchase order by saving
it. After that you can create another one or leave the transaction.
EKKO You can also use your purchase order as a reference for POs that will be
EKPO created at a later date.
EKAB
EKKN
Request for quotation are predefined in SAP in table EKKO as BSTYP = F
Domain
EBELN
ERP Fact Sheet 53

Reservation
Reservierung
Information
The purpose of a reservation is to ensure that a material will be available when
it is needed. It also serves to simplify and accelerate the goods issue process
Definition and prepare the tasks at the point of goods issue.
Request to the warehouse or stores It is also important that reservations are taken into account by Material
to keep a material ready for issue at Requirements Planning (MRP), which means that required materials are
a future date for a certain purpose. procured in time if they are out of stock.
In a reservation, information is stored that is relevant for the goods issue and
Useful Transaction Codes for materials planning, for example:
MB21/MB22/MB23 • What? (which material?)

MB25 • How much? (in which quantity?)
• When? (for which requirement date?)
• From where? (from which plant or warehouse?)
• To where? (to which recipient or customer?)
Standard Tables
There are manual and automatic reservations. Manual reservations are entered
RESB directly by the user. Automatic reservations are generated automatically by
RKPF the SAP system. There are two types of automatic reservations:
• Reservations for orders, networks, WBS elements:

Domain
When an order, a network, or a project is created, the components from the
RSNUM warehouse are reserved automatically.
• Stock transfer reservations:
If reorder point planning is used at storage location level and the available
stock on hand falls below the reorder point, the system generates a stock
transfer reservation in the plant for the replenishment quantity.
You cannot manually process automatic reservations. For example, it is not

possible to change reservations for a order directly. You have to change the
components in the order. The system then updates the reservation
automatically.
When a reservation is entered the system creates a reservation document,

which serves as proof of the request
ERP Fact Sheet 54

Material document
Materialbeleg
Information
Definition In the Inventory Management system, when a goods movement is posted, a

material document is generated that serves as proof of the movement and as
It is SAP document which is proving a source of information for any applications that follow.
that there was some movement on
stock A material document consists of a header and at least one item. The header
contains general data about the movement (for example, its date). Each item
describes one movement.
Useful Transaction Codes Material documents are created when:
Goods movement Tr./Ev. type Doc. type

MB01/MB02/MB03
Goods receipts for purchase orders WE WE or WN
Goods receipts for orders WF WE
Standard Tables Goods issues, transfer postings, other goods WA WA
MSEG Goods issues for deliveries
MKPF
Material document is automaticaly created during goods movement.

Domain
BELNR A material document is identified by a document number and the material
document year
ERP Fact Sheet 55

Inbound delivery
Anlieferung
Information
Definition The Inbound process comprises all the steps of an external procurement process
that occur when the goods are received
The inbound delivery is a document

containing all the data required for In SAP system there is inbound and outbound deliveries. Inbound is related to
triggering and monitoring the MM module and Outbound is related to SD module.
complete inbound delivery process.
This process starts on receipt of the
goods in the yard and ends on Inbound delivery is part of vendor confirmation and is used for optimised
transferal of the goods at the final purchasing. It is a notification of delivery of goods from a vendor against a PO
put away, production or outbound at a specific date.
delivery.
Basically it denotes that the material has been shipped from the vendor's
location and is in transit. In the system, Inbound is made with reference to a
PO when the vendor sends his shipment notification. This Inbound is referenced
while making the GR
VL31n/Vl32n/VL33n
The outbound delivery supports all shipping activities including picking, packing,
transportation and goods issue. When the outbound delivery is created, the
Standard Tables shipping activities, such as picking or delivery scheduling, are initiated, and
data that is generated during shipping processing is included in the delivery.
LIKP
LIPS
Domain
VBELN
ERP Fact Sheet 56

Invoice
Rechnung
Information
Definition
It is situated at the end of the logistics supply chain that includes Purchasing,
A document that states the invoice Inventory Management, and Invoice Verification. Verification that incoming
recipient’s obligations to the vendor invoices are verified in terms of their content, prices and arithmetic. When the
or service provider. invoice is posted, the invoice data is saved in the system. The system updates
the data saved in the invoice documents in Materials Management and Financial
Accounting.
An invoice is normally created after the goods receipt or service performance
MIRO/MIR7/ MIR4 has been confirmed. It includes general invoice information, such as total
amount, total tax, freight costs, vendor and invoice recipient, and detailed
information (header information, item information, and approval preview).
Standard Tables
RSEG Integration
RBKP
RBCO Logistics Invoice Verification is closely integrated with the components
RBKP_BLOCKED Financial Accounting (FI) and Controlling (CO). It passes on the relevant
information about payments or invoice analyses to these components.
In other words, when Invoice is created and saved it automatically creates
Domain related FI and CO documents where FI department takes over the business
process and supervise actual payment.
BELNR
ERP Fact Sheet 57

Organizational units HCM
Organizačné jednotky HCM | Organisationseinheiten HCM
Enterprise structure
Definition
The SAP ERP application Human
Capital Management is an extensive
personnel administration system. As
such it allows for mapping the
hierarchical structures of a company
and the relationships within these
hierarchies as well as storing and
managing employee data. The SAP
ERP system differs between the Personnel structure
enterprise structure, personnel
structure, and organizational
structure.
Organizational structure
ERP Fact Sheet 58

Personnel Area
Personálna oblasť | Personalbereich
Personnel area: In Human Capital Management, the enterprise structure

below company code level is organized by using personnel areas. A personnel
Definition
area is a unit of personnel ad-ministration and represents a subunit of a
company code from the Human Capital Management (personnel administration)
The personnel area is an
point of view. The individual personnel areas of a company code are identified
organizational unit that represents a
by a four-digit alphanumeric key. Personnel areas within a client must be unique.
specific area of the enterprise and is
organized according to aspects of The personnel area has the following functions:
personnel, time management and
payroll. A personnel area is divided • Reporting: It is used as a selection criterion for reporting
into several personnel subareas. • Authorization: It represents a unit for authorization checks
• Defaults: You can generate default values for data entries in infotypes,
e.g., for payroll accounting area
For example:
Company X has three production
plants in Germany: Hamburg, Cologne
and Berlin. In the SAP System these
would constitute three personnel
areas.
SPRO > SAP Reference IMG > Enterprise Structure > Definition > Human
Resources Management > Personnel Areas
Assignment
A personnel area can only belong
to one company code. Personnel areas
within a client must be unique.
Useful Transaction Code

SM30 maintain table T500P
Domain
PERSA
Table
T500P
ERP Fact Sheet 59

Personnel Subarea
Personálna sub-oblasť| Personalteilbereich
Personnel subarea: Personnel areas can be further divided into personnel

subareas. On personnel subarea level, the organizational administration of
principal aspects of human re-sources is carried out, i.e., pay scale and wage
Definition type structures and work schedules. A personnel subarea is identified by a four-
digit alphanumeric key as well. Thereby, control features are stored according
to the country.
An organizational entity that
represents part of a personnel area, The most important organizational functions of personnel subareas are:
used for determining appropriate
personnel administration, time • specify country groupings. The master data entry as well as
management, and payroll decisions. setting up and processing of wage types and pay scale groups
depend on country groupings. The grouping must be unique for
each company code.
Assignment
• assignment of a legal person to differentiate between
A personnel subarea is assigned to companies in legal terms
personnel area
• determination of groupings for time management to, for
example, set up work schedules and substitution, absence
Useful Transaction Code and leaving types
• generation of default pay scale types and area for an
SM30 maintain view V_T001P
employee’s basic pay
• definition of a public holiday calendar
Domain • definition of specific wage types for each personnel subarea
BTRTL
Table Resources Management > Personnel Subareas
T001P
ERP Fact Sheet 60

Employee Group
Skupina pracovníkov | Mitarbeitergruppe
Employee groups represent different types of employees, regardless of their

enterprise or organizational assignment employees can be divided into
employee groups and subgroups. The employee group is the more general
Definition criterion (e.g., regular, retiree, external).
Employee group Used to define The employee group defines the relationship between an employee and a
different types of employees in a company in that the employee makes a certain contribution to the company in
company for making payroll, time terms of work. Active employees, pensioners and early retirees make up the
evaluation, and benefits decisions. main employee groups in Personnel Administration.
The following are the principal functions of the employee group:

• Default values can be generated for the payroll accounting area or for
Assignment basic pay, for example, according to employee group.
• The employee group is used as a selection criterion for reporting.
Employee Group does not have
• The employee group is one unit of the authorization check.
assignment to higher org unit. Only
employee subgroups are assigned to
employee group.

SM30 maintain table T501
Domain
PERSG
Table
T501
Resources Management > Employee Groups
ERP Fact Sheet 61

Employee Subgroup
Podskupina pracovníkov | Mitarbeiterkreis
Employee subgroups is a fine division of employee groups according to the

position of employees. Wage earners, salaried employees and non pay scale
employees are all examples of subgroups within the employee group.
Definition All control features of the personnel structure are defined at employee
subgroup level. The most important features are described below:
A subset of an employee group, used
to define the lowest level of different • The employee subgroup grouping for the Personnel Calculation
types of employees in a company. Rule allows you to define different payroll procedures for different
employee subgroups; for example, you can specify whether an
employee’s pay should be accounted on an hourly or monthly basis.
• The employee subgroup grouping for primary wage types controls
Assignment the validity of wage types on an employee subgroup level, whereas
the grouping for collective agreement provisions restricts the
Employee subgroups are assigned to
validity of pay scale groups to certain employee groups.
employee group.
• When entering data, you can define default values using the
employee subgroup, for example, for the payroll accounting area.

SM30 maintain table T503K
Domain
PERSK
Table
T503K
Resources Management > Employee Subgroups
ERP Fact Sheet 62

Payroll Area
Zúčtovací okruh | Abrechnungskreis
The payroll area is used to give default values for payroll that can be used
as selection criteria for reporting as well as for authorization checks. Using the
payroll area, you can determine the period of time between settlements
Definition (payments) for employees of a subgroup.
A group of employees with the same A payroll area is an organizational unit used for running payroll. All employees
pay period duration, pay day, and who have payroll run for them at the same time and for the same period are
legal reporting requirements assigned to the same payroll area.
processed together in the same Usually, payroll is carried out for each payroll area.
payroll run. The payroll area provides the payroll driver with the number of employees for
whom payroll is to be run and with dates of the pay-roll period.
Assignment
Payroll areas within a client must be
unique.

SM30 maintain view V_T549A_2
PA03
Domain
ABKRS
Table
T549A
SPRO > SAP Reference IMG > Personnel Management -> Personnel
Administration -> Organizational Data -> Organizational Assignment -> Create
payroll area
ERP Fact Sheet 63

Main HCM business objects
Hlavné HCM business objekty | Haupt HCM Geschäftsobjekte
Which are main HCM business objects?

• Jobs
Definition
• Positions
• Organizational units
Main HCM business objects are
created by business users during • Persons
processing daily business. • Cost centers
• Tasks
• Work centers
ERP Fact Sheet 64

Job
Profesia | Stelle
Jobs are general classifications of tasks or responsibilities within the

organization. Jobs are created once and are used to describe positions. When
creating jobs, you should pay attention to which specific tasks and requirements
are associated with an individual job. Jobs are used in the following application
Definition components:
Job is a general classification of skills • shift planning

that defines the role carried out by an • personnel cost planning
employee in a position. For example, • personnel development
the position of Internal Auditor could
be defined by the job Auditor, which
is defined by the set of skills,
experience, and qualifications
required to perform the job.

PPOCE – Org. and Staffing create
PO03 – Maintain Job
PSOC – Job reporting
Domain
STELL
Table
T513
ERP Fact Sheet 65

Position
Pozícia | Planstelle
A position is a specification of a job. One job can be used to create several

positions. When you created a job in the SAP ERP system, you need to define a
number of positions that correspond to this job that are required in the company.
Definition Information such as tasks, requirements, etc., which are stored in a job
definition, are bequeathed to all the positions created from this job. Positions
Position is defined by a job and held are occupied by persons.
by an employee, a position represents The tasks defined for the jobs are inherited by a position. A position can be
a specific role in a company, for extended by de-fining additional tasks that only have to be carried out by this
example, Finance Director or Vice individual position. Positions can be 100% filled, partially filled, or vacant.
President of Sales. Positions represent
specific concrete roles held by
employees,
and jobs define the skills required
to perform the roles.

PPOCE - Org. and Staffing create
PO13 – Maintain Position
Domain
PLANS
Table
T528B
ERP Fact Sheet 66

Organizational unit
Organizačná jednotka | Organisationseinheit
Organizational units are used to define groups of employees in your

company, starting at the highest level, usually your separate legal entities, and
then working down the structure into each department, all the way down to
Definition specific teams of employees.
Organizational units can be classified generally (by function or by region), or

Organizational unit defines a group of
specifically (by project group). The way in which organizational units are
employees that work together and
classified will depend on the company
carry out similar functions. For
specific requirements.
example, the finance department
might be one organizational unit. You must relate organizational units with one another in an organizational plan.
The hierarchical interrelationships that exist between the organizational units
represents the organizational structure of your enterprise.
Useful Transaction Code Organizational units can be linked to cost centres.
PO10 – Maintain Org. Unit
Domain
ORGEH
Table
T527X
ERP Fact Sheet 67

Person
Osoba | Personalnummer
Person generally represent employee in your company. Persons hold positions

in the organizational structure which is governed by Organizational Management.
Infotypes for persons are maintained in Personnel Administration and are linked
Definition to an organizational plan through their position assignment. The person record
cannot be created or maintained in Organizational Management, because these
Persons are the objects that represent processes are enabled though Personnel Administration functions in Employee
your employees. Every employee in Administration.
your system is available in
Organizational Management as a In most cases a person can only hold only one position at a time, and one
person to be assigned to positions position is only occupied by one person at a time.
within organizational units.

PA40 – Personnel Actions
PA20 – Display HR Master Data
PA30 – Maintain HR Master Data
Domain
PERNR
PERSNO
Table
PA* - Personnel Administr. InfoTypes
ERP Fact Sheet 68

Cost centre
Nákladové stredisko | Kostenstelle
Cost centre is an organizational object of Controlling and, thus, is maintained

in Controlling. Cost Centres can be assigned to organizational units or positions.
Note that a Cost Centre is not an element of the Organizational Structure of
Definition HCM but it can be assigned to Organizational Structures like Organizational Units
or Positions but can be only maintained in Financial Accounting.
An organizational unit in a controlling
area that represents a defined Cost centre assignments are inherited along the organizational unit structure.
location of cost incurrence. That is, when you assign a cost centre to an organizational unit, all
organizational units and positions that are below this organizational unit, inherit
this cost centre by default. You can change the cost centre assignment at a
Useful Transaction Code lower level such as position or person manually.
KS01 – Create Cost Center

KS02 – Maintain Cost Center
KS03 – Display Cost Center
PP01 – Create Plan Data
PP02 – Maintain Plan Data
PP03 – Display Plan Data
Domain
KOSTL
Table
CSKS
ERP Fact Sheet 69

Task
Úloha| Aufgabe
Tasks are the individual duties and responsibilities carried out by an

employee. A set of tasks can be grouped together into a task group. Tasks are
then assigned to a job or position to define that object.
Definition
A task can be:
Task Used in Organizational
• Responding to telephone queries
Management to define the individual
• Answering customer emails
work duties done by job, position,
person, or organizational unit. • Refilling the printer and copier
A set of tasks that are commonly performed together can then be assigned to
a task group. The advantage of task groups is that you only need to assign the
Useful Transaction Code group to the object rather than each individual task. By defining your tasks
PPOCE - Org. and Staffing create and assigning tasks to positions and jobs, you start to build up information on
the required skills and qualifications in your company.
PFCT – Task Catalog
Table
HRP1000 Object type = T
ERP Fact Sheet 70

Work center
Pracovisko | Arbeitsplatz
Work centres describe the specific physical locations where tasks are carried
out. A work centre can be determined using a general location description (for
example, DataVard Office). However, it can contain an exact description of the
location, such as a specific desk with specific equipment in a specific building.
Definition Exact work centre definitions of this kind are particularly useful in a production
plant.
A physical location where employees
do their work; used in organizational Several positions can share one work centre. For example, the Reception work
management to define the company. centre can be assigned to two positions whose holders are assigned to different
shifts.

PO01 – Work center
Table
HRP1000 Object type = A
ERP Fact Sheet 71

SD Organizational units
Organizačné jednotky SD | Organisationseinheiten SD
What and which are organizational units in SD?

Definition
Organizational units are used to structure business functions and for reporting.
Organizational units are elements of The organizational units of Sales and distribution(Logistics) are used for
the SAP System logical structure controlling of all logistic business processes and ensure smooth processes e.g.
selling/shipping/transportation/….
Best idea how to understand organizational units is to explain on well-known

Also SD is using also organizational units which are characterized as “Combined

objects” e.g. Client, Company code, because combined organizational units are
used across multiple modules
ERP Fact Sheet 72

Sales organization
Predajná organizácia | Verkaufsorganisation
Sales organization can be subdivided into several distribution chains which

determine the responsibility for a distribution channel.
You can assign one sales org to only one company code, but one company code
Definition can have several sales organizations. So the relationship between company code
and sales organization is 1:N. This assignment is important from finance point
Sales organization is an organizational of view.
unit that sells and distributes
Sales area is a combination of sales organization, distribution channel and
products, negotiates terms of sale,
division.
and is responsible for these
transactions. It is also responsible for
business daily operations as well as Definition of organizational units - Follow the path SPRO >> IMG >> Enterprise
legal obligations also. Structure >> Definition >> Sales and Distribution
Assignment of organizational units - Follow the path SPRO >> IMG >>
Assignment Enterprise Structure >> Assignment >> Sales and Distribution
One company code can have number

To check the quality of customizing related to organizational units of SD, you
of sales organizations, but one sales
can execute the transaction OVX8.
organization could be assigned to only
one company code. Sales organization
can have number of distribution
channels assigned and distribution
channel can be assigned to number of
sales organizations.

OVX5 – Maintain sales organization
OVX3N – Assign sales organization to
company code
OVXG – Maintain sales area
OVX8 – check report for customizing
Domain
VKORG
Table
TVKO
ERP Fact Sheet 73

Distribution channel
Cesta odbytu | Vertriebsweg
Distribution channel is mainly defined to take care of different types of sales

in a sales organization. However, it can be used to distinguish different business
units, e.g. cars, buses, trams, … As these business units could be completely
different from each other (from customer point of view, production, location...)
Definition company can decide to use different distribution channel code for each business
unit.
Distribution channel is mainly defined One distribution channel can be assigned to many sales organizations and one
to take care of different types of sales organization can have many distribution channels assigned to it. So the
sales in a sales organization. You can relationship is N:N.
define a distribution channel for
direct sales, internet sales, sales
through dealers etc. Definition of distribution channel - Follow the path SPRO >> IMG >> Enterprise
Structure >> Definition >> Sales and Distribution >> Define, copy, delete,
check distribution channel
Assignment
Assignment of distribution channel - Follow the path SPRO >> IMG >>
Sales organization can have number of
Enterprise Structure >> Assignment >> Sales and Distribution >> Assign
distribution channels assigned and
distribution channel to sales organization
distribution channel can be assigned
to number of sales organizations.

OVXI – Maintain dist. channel
OVXK – Assign dist. Channel to sales
organization
Domain
VTWEG
Table
TVTW, TVKOV
ERP Fact Sheet 74

Division
Divízia | Sparte
Division is defined mainly based on the bases of products. For example, you
can have one division for two wheelers and one for four wheelers.
Definition Several divisions can be assigned to a sales organization which is responsible

for the materials or services provided. So the relationship is N:N.
Distribution channel is mainly defined

to take care of different types of Definition of division - Follow the path SPRO >> IMG >> Enterprise Structure >>
sales in a sales organization. You can Definition >> Logistics - General >> Define, copy, delete, check division
define a distribution channel for
direct sales, internet sales, sales
through dealers etc. Assignment of division - Follow the path SPRO >> IMG >> Enterprise Structure
>> Assignment >> Sales and Distribution >> Assign division to sales organization
Assignment
Sales organization can have number of
divisions assigned and division can be
assigned to number of sales
organizations.

OVXB – Maintain division
OVXA – Assign division to sales
organization
Domain
SPART
Table
TSPA, TVKOS
ERP Fact Sheet 75

Sales office
Odbytové stredisko | Verkaufsbüro
Sales office is a physical location (for example, a branch office) that has
responsibility for the sale of certain products or services within a given geographical
area. It is used in sales transactions but mostly it is used for reporting purposes
only. Sales office is not mandatory field during creation of transactional data.
Definition
Several sales offices can be assigned to a sales area (combination of sales

A sales office is an organizational unit organization, distribution channel and division). On the other hand, one sales
in sales and distribution which is office can be assigned in several sales areas. So the relationship is N:N.
responsible for sales within a specific
geographical area.
Definition of sales office - Follow the path SPRO >> IMG >> Enterprise
Structure >> Definition >> Sales and Distribution >> Maintain sales office
Assignment
Assignment of sales office - Follow the path SPRO >> IMG >> Enterprise
Sales office is assigned to sales area. Structure >> Assignment >> Sales and Distribution >> Assign sales office to
Several sales offices could be assigned sales area
to sales area and several sales area
could be assigned to one specific sales
office.

OVX1 – Maintain sales office
OVXM – Assign sales office to sales
area
Domain
VKBUR
Table
TVBUR, TVKBZ
ERP Fact Sheet 76

Sales group
Skupina predaja | Verkäufergruppe
Sales office is a physical location (for example, a branch office) that has responsibility
for the sale of certain products or services within a given geographical area. It is used
in sales transactions but mostly it is used for reporting purposes only. Sales
office is not mandatory field during creation of transactional data.
Definition
Several sales offices can be assigned to a sales area (combination of sales

Sales group is also an optional organization, distribution channel and division). On the other hand, one sales
element of SAP SD organization office can be assigned in several sales areas. So the relationship is N:N.
structure. It is mainly used to manage
work force, you can assign employees
to a sales group. Definition of sales office - Follow the path SPRO >> IMG >> Enterprise
Structure >> Definition >> Sales and Distribution >> Maintain sales office
Assignment
Assignment of sales office - Follow the path SPRO >> IMG >> Enterprise
Structure >> Assignment >> Sales and Distribution >> Assign sales office to
Sales group is assigned to sales office. sales area

OVX4 – Maintain sales group
OVXJ – Assign sales group to sales
office
Domain
VKGRP
Table
TVKGR, TVBVK
ERP Fact Sheet 77

Delivering plant (Plant)
Expedičný závod | Auslieferungswerk
Delivering plant refers to the plant from which the goods are to be delivered
to the customer, within a specific sales organization and distribution channel.
Several plants can be assigned to many sales organizations – the relationship is
Definition N:N.
The plant can be automatically proposed by the system when processing a sales
In general plant is physical
order, if it has been maintained in one of the master records. It can be derived
organizational unit with fixed location
from:
where the goods can be produced,
stored, sold. Shipping point is location • the customer/product info record
in plant from where the goods are
physically shipped out to customers • the customer master record of the ship-to party
• the material master record.

Definition of plant - Follow the path SPRO >> IMG >> Enterprise Structure >>
OVX6 – assign plant to sales Definition >> Logistics – General >> Define, copy, delete, check plant
organization and dist. channel Assignment of plant - Follow the path SPRO >> IMG >> Enterprise Structure >>
OVXC – assign shipping point to plant Assignment >> Sales and Distribution >> Assign sales organization – distribution
channel - plant
OVXD – maintain shipping point
Shipping point is organizational unit with fixed location that process and
Domain monitors outbound deliveries and goods issue. Shipping point is actually the
location that performs all delivery related activities and a delivery can be
WERKS – plant processed only from a shipping point.
VSTEL – shipping point
Many shipping points can be assigned to plant and many plants can be assigned
to shipping point – N:N relationship.
Table
T001W - Plants Definition of shipping point- Follow the path SPRO >> IMG >> Enterprise
TVKWZ - Allowed Plants per Sales Structure >> Definition >> Logistics Execution >> Define, copy, delete, check
Organization shipping point
TVST - Shipping Points

TVSWZ - Shipping Points per Plant Assignment of shipping point- Follow the path SPRO >> IMG >> Enterprise
Structure >> Assignment >> Logistics Execution >> Assign shipping point to
plant
ERP Fact Sheet 78

Credit management in SD
Kreditmanagement | Riadenie úveru
Credit management is to manage the credit limit of the customers which takes
place in the credit control area. Credit control area is defined in FI module.
Credit control area can be assigned to many sales areas, but one sales area
Definition can have only one credit control area. Relationship between credit control
area and sales area is 1:N.
Credit Management (FIN-FSCM-CR)
supports your company in determining Credit Management enables you to minimize the credit risk yourself by
the risk of losses on receivables from specifying a specific credit limit for your customers. Thus you can take the
your business partners early and in financial pulse of a customer or a group of customers, identify warning signs
making credit decisions efficiently earlier, and enhance credit related decision making.
and in some cases automated. Once customer reach the limit, system can raise a warning or even block new
sales orders, thus no goods can be sold to respective customer.
Assignment
Definition of credit control area- Follow the path SPRO >> IMG >> Enterprise
One sales area can have only one Structure >> Definition >> Financial Accounting >> Define Credit Control Area
credit control area. Relationship
Assignment of credit control area - Follow the path SPRO >> IMG >> Enterprise
between credit control area and sales
Structure >> Assignment >> Sales and Distribution >>Assign Sales Area to
area is 1:N.
Credit Control Area
Domain
KKBER
Table
T014, V_TVTA_KKB
ERP Fact Sheet 79

SD main business objects
Hlavné SD business objekty | Haupt SD Geschäftsobjekte
Which are main SD business objects?

• Inquiry
Definition
• Contract
• Scheduling agreement
Main SD business objects are created
by business users during processing • Quotation
daily business. They are transactional • Sales Order
or master data
• Delivery
• Invoice
• Shipment
• Customer
• Material
• Pricing
• Condition records
• Customer info records
ERP Fact Sheet 80

Inquiry
Dopyt | Anfrage
Information
Inquiry is coming from the customer to the sales organization seeking some non-
Definition binding sales information. Whenever customer seeks any information about your
product, you create a document – Inquiry.
Its internal document which holds
information about the request from
prospective customer to be circulated How to create a new inquiry on an ERP system
in the company and is not legal
Enter T-code VA11 in the command bar field.
document.
Select Inquiry Type from help. In screenshot, "IN" is selected for Inquiry.
Main information are materials and
the quantity. Enter Sales organization, Distribution channel, Division, Sales office (optional),
Sales Group (optional)
Select Sales Icon (or Enter)
VA11 - Create inquiry
VA12 - Change inquiry
VA13 - Display inquiry
Domain
VBELN
Table
VBAP, VBAK
VBAK-VBTYP = ‘A’
Enter Sold-To Party / Ship-To Party (This is Partner Function).

Enter Material Code and Quantity.
Click on Save Button.
ERP Fact Sheet 81

Contract
Zmluva | Vertrag
Information
The standard version of the SAP System contains the following categories of
Definition contracts:
Customer contracts are outline Master Contracts - a document in which you can group contracts together as
customer agreements that display lower level contracts. Thus, all the data that refers to other documents remains
when sales materials or services are consistent. The master contract contains the general terms which apply for all
sold within a certain time period. lower level contracts.
Quantity Contracts - an agreement that your customer will order a certain
quantity of a product from you during a specified period.
Value Contracts - a contractual agreement with a customer that contains the
VA41 - Create contract materials and/or services that they may receive within a time period and up to
a target value.
VA42 - Change contract
Servic eContracts - an agreement that contains the conditions for offering a
VA43 - Display contract certain service to the customer. A service contract contains validity dates,
cancellation conditions, price agreements, and information on possible follow-
up actions.
Domain
How to create a new contract on an ERP system
VBELN
Contract is created similarly as Inquiry on page above.
Enter T-code VA41 in the command bar field.
Table Enter Contract Type, Sales organization, Distribution channel, Division, Sales
office (optional), Sales Group (optional).
VBAK, VBAP, VEDA, VEDAPO
VBAK-VBTYP = ‘G’ Select Sales Icon (or Enter)
Enter Sold-To Party and Ship-To Party, Enter Material Code and Quantity. Click
on Save Button.
ERP Fact Sheet 82

Scheduling agreement
Plán dodávok | Lieferplan
Information
You fulfil a scheduling agreement by creating the deliveries in the schedule as
they become due. You process deliveries for a SA in exactly the same way as
Definition you process a normal delivery. After you have carried out the delivery, the
system updates the Delivered quantity field in the scheduling agreement item
A customer scheduling agreement (SA)
with the delivery quantity.
is an outline agreement with the
customer containing delivery
quantities and dates. These are then
entered as schedule lines in a delivery How to create a new SA on an ERP system
schedule. Enter T-code VA31 in command bar field.
Enter SA Type, Sales organization, Distribution channel, Division, Sales office
(optional), Sales Group (optional).
VA31 - Create Scheduling agreement
VA32 - Change Scheduling agreement
VA33 - Display Scheduling agreement
VA35 - List of Scheduling agreements
Domain
VBELN
Enter Sold-To Party and Ship-To Party, Validity dates, Enter Material Code and
Table Quantity.
VBAK, VBAP
To enter the delivery dates for an item, select the relevant item in the item
VBAK-VBTYP = ‘E’ overview and choose Goto >> Item >> Schedule lines.
ERP Fact Sheet 83

Quotation
Ponuka | Angebot
Information
Quotation can be created after receipt of inquiry from customer or without
Definition inquiry.
Quotation is an offer from a particular sales area to the customer. Quotation
It’s a legally binding sales document, always contains a validity period and it legally binding within this period.
which informs the customer, that
In Quotation Completion rule "B" is applicable. Therefore, Quotation gets
company will deliver a specific
completed status if you refer the total quantities to the order, or, if you are
quantity of product at a specific time
referring partial quantities then rest quantities you have to reject, or, if the
and at a specific price
validity period of the Quotation is over.

How to create a new quotation on an ERP system
VA21 - Create quotation
VA22 - Change quotation Enter T-code VA21 in command bar field.
VA23 - Display quotation Enter quotation Type, Sales organization, Distribution channel, Division, Sales
VA25 - List of quotations office (optional), Sales Group (optional).
Domain
VBELN
Table
VBAK, VBAP
VBAK-VBTYP = ‘B’
Enter Sold-To Party and Ship-To Party, Validity dates, Enter Material Code and
Quantity.
ERP Fact Sheet 84

Customer Order (Sales Order)
Zakázka odberateľa | Kundenauftrag
Implementation and Creation of Sales Orders

Definition
In Sales Order Processing, the system implements various functions such as
The Customer Order pricing and printouts.
(Sales Order) is contractual
agreement between a sales The system checks whether the material is available for the requested delivery
organization and a sold-to party date and if necessary, transfers the requirements to material’s planning.
about delivering products or Shipping deadlines and shipping points are determined in delivery scheduling.
providing a service for defined
prices, quantities and times.
The most common functions under the sales order processing are:
- Availability of the articles purchased.
Useful Transaction Codes - Checking for incomplete data.
- Checking the status of the sales transaction.
VA01 - Create a new Sales Order - Calculation of pricing and taxes.
VA02 - Change an existing on - Schedule the deliveries of goods.
- Printing of documents or e-transfer of documents.
VA03 - View existing Sales Orders
All these functions can be configured automatically
VA05 - Get a list of all existing ones
(SPRO >> SAP Reference IMG >> SAP Customizing Implementation Guide >> Sales
and Distribution >> Basic Functions) or manually as per the system configuration.
Useful Standard Tables The data from these functions is stored in a sales document and can be changed
manually during the processing. A sales document can be a single document or
VBAK – Sales Document Header Data can be part of a series consisting of interrelated documents.
VBAP – Sales Document Item Data
VBUK - Header Status Another part of this component are the special Sales Order Types, which are
VBUP - Item Status rush orders and cash sales.
VBFA - Sales Document Flow

In a Rush Order the customer picks up the goods or you deliver the goods on the
same day as the order is placed. But the invoice can be created at a later date.
Domain In Cash Sales the goods are paid in cash.
VBELN
How to create a new sales order on an ERP system?
ERP Fact Sheet 85

Enter T-code VA01 in command bar field.
Enter sales order Type, Sales organization, Distribution channel, Division, Sales office (optional), Sales Group
(optional).
You can create sales order (as any other document in SD) with reference. After clicking on Create with Reference
button, select required document type and enter document number.
Select Sales Icon (or Enter). If document is created with reference, all data will be fetched from reference
document. Otherwise enter following data – Enter Sold-To Party and Ship-To Party, Validity dates, Enter Material
Code and Quantity.
If everything went well the message “Standard Order XXX has been saved” should be displayed.
ERP Fact Sheet 86

Delivery(Outbound)
Odosielaná dodavka | Auslieferung
Information
Following actions are processed during delivery creation:
Definition - To check the material and order to ensure if the outbound delivery of
goods is possible.
The outbound delivery is a document - Defining the quantity of goods and its availability.
representing the goods to be - Packing the outbound delivery.
delivered together to a goods - Calculating weight or volume of delivery.
recipient. - Find out the delivery situation and the delivery agreement.
- Defining the route.
- Finding/determining the batch.
Useful Transaction Code - Finding the pickup location.
- Quality check of material to be delivered.
VL01N - Create Outbound delivery - Updating and changing the status of the sales order.
VL02N - Change Outbound delivery If there is a change in a delivery situation, you can change the delivery after it
is created.
VL03N - Display Outbound delivery
Final action in delivery process is Post Goods Issue (PGI) which triggers follow
up process in billing.
Domain
VBELN
Table
LIKP – SD document: delivery header
data
LIPS – SD document: delivery item
data
ERP Fact Sheet 87

Delivery(Outbound)
Odosielaná dovávka| Auslieferung
The basic goal of outbound logistics is to process the products to be issued from
a warehouse. In outbound logistics, you can process the following types of
outbound deliveries:
• Standard outbound deliveries — The delivery of products to customers

based on sales orders, service orders, or project stock orders.
• Return to supplier deliveries — The return of damaged or unwanted
products to suppliers on the basis of an inbound delivery.
• Intracompany stock transfers — The transfer of stock between different
sites of the same company on the basis of a stock transfer order.
• Intercompany stock transfers — The transfer of stock between two
companies that belong to the same parent company based on sales
orders.
How to create a new delivery on ERP system

Delivery is in general created with reference to sales order.
Enter T-code VL01N in command bar field.
Enter Shipping point (from where the goods should be shipped out – shipping
point can be found in sales order) and order number. Hit the Enter key.
All relevant information could be determined automatically. Post goods issue

can be triggered manually or by scheduled job.
ERP Fact Sheet 88

Invoice(Outgoing) - Billing document
Faktúra | Rechnung
An invoice is normally created after the goods issue. It includes general invoice
information, such as total amount, total tax, freight costs, vendor and invoice
recipient, and detailed information (header information, item information).
Definition The billing document is created with reference to a preceding document, in
order to create an invoice or a credit memo, for example.
Billing is known as the final stage for
executing business transactions. When
an order is processed and delivery is
made, billing information is available
How to create a new billing document on an ERP
at each stage of this order processing. system
Useful Transaction Code Enter T-code VF01 in command bar field.

Enter Billing Type and preceding document number in field Document.
VF01 - Create outgoing invoice
All relevant information will be copied from preceding documents (sales
VF02 - Change outgoing invoice order, delivery) into the billing document, both on header and item level.
VF03 - Display outgoing invoice
Domain
VBELN
Table
VBRK – Billing document Header
VBRP – Billing items
ERP Fact Sheet 89

Shipment
Preprava | Transport
Information
You can create shipments both manually and automatically.
Definition A shipment can have different characteristics that are determined by the
shipment type as well as its relationship to other shipments. You define the
Document containing all the goods shipment type in Customizing for Transportation Management (TM). It contains
that are consolidated by a ship-from all the important control parameters for the shipment document.
party and are then transported
The following options shows the possible instances of shipments:
together from an issuing location (a
plant, for example) to a destination • Transportation request
location (a customer, for example).
• Bill of lading
The shipment forms the basis for
planning, executing, and monitoring The following classification is relevant to the processes in
the transportation of goods. the Extended Warehouse Management (EWM)component:
• Planned shipment: Can still change regarding type and size, for
Useful Transaction Code example, due to a subsequent delivery split in the Extended Warehouse
Management (EWM) component.
VT01N - Create shipment • Final shipment: Is fixed regarding type and size, in other words, it is
confirmed. Most of these shipments are already packed or loaded.
VT02N - Change shipment
VT03N - Display shipment
Structure
The header contains data such as:
Domain
• Incoterms
TKNUM
• Partners
• Dates/times
Table • Transportation details such as transportation mode, route, stops, and
VTTK – Shipment Header transit direction
VTTP – Shipment items The shipment items contain data such as locations, dates/times, packages,
products, weight and volume, units of measure, and references to the original
document, for example, the delivery.
ERP Fact Sheet 90

Customer
Zákazník | Kunde
How to create a new customer on an ERP system
Definition Use transaction code FD01 to get to the initial screen for creating new
customers.
A customer (also known as client,
buyer or purchaser) is the recipient of
a good, service, product or idea
obtained by a seller, vendor, or
supplier (probably the company you
are working for) for a monetary or
other valuable consideration.

Choose an Account Group from the drop down menu and proceed by pressing
FD01, XD01- Create a new Customer enter (or clicking the green tick in the window’s lower right corner).
Depending on the setup of the number ranges for customers and account
FD02, XD02 - Change an existing groups, a customer number will be automatically assigned (internal
Customer assignment / external assignment).
FD03, XD03 - Display an existing
Customer Now you can enter additional information about your new customer in the
visible tabs.
“Address” for data such as the company’s name and location,

“Control” for account control and control processing
Useful Standard Tables and “Payment transactions” for payments that were already made.
KNA1 - General data (“A-segment” After saving your new customer via the save button in the upper left corner
KNB1 - Customer Master, company you should be able to state even more information about it in the “Sales Area”
code dependent data – (“B-segment”)
Domain
KUNNR
ERP Fact Sheet 91

Pricing
Stanovenie ceny | Preisfindung
Information
Definition Pricing Elements in Sales Order
• When entering sales orders, the system can carry out an automatic
Pricing is often a complex process check. During sales order entry, the system can calculate prices
and it can be a challenge to automatically.
organizations to arrive at a specific
• The price is represented by one condition type (PR00) – main
for a Customer or Vendor under
different circumstances.
Pricing is considered various factors Prices types:
such as Surcharges, Discounts,
• Material price
Freights, Promotions and Taxes
• Price List Type
before arriving at final price of the
Goods or Services
Discount & Surcharges
Useful Transaction Codes ▪ Discounts and Surcharges are based on the Base Price, Quantity or
Percentage of the base price defined condition category
VOK0 – Conditions pricing in Freight Charges
Customizing
▪ Incoterms are the internationally recognized shipping terms that
establish the respective liabilities of both the shipping party and the
recipient
Standard Tables
T683S
ERP Fact Sheet 92

Condition records
Podmienka | Konditionssätze
Information
There are different types of conditions records. Condition records could be
Definition used to automatically determine prices, outputs, batches in sales and delivery
process.
A Condition table is defined as a
combination of keys to identify an
individual condition record. A
condition record is defined as how
system stores the specific condition.

VK11 – Create condition records
VK12 – Change condition records
VK13 – Display condition records
Standard Tables
KONV - Conditions for Transaction
Data Example of a Condition Record − Entering the price of a product or to specify
the discount for a privileged customer.
KONP - Conditions for Items
KOND - Conditions (Data)
Example of a Condition Table − Condition records for a customer specific
KONH - Conditions (Header) material prices are stored by a sales department. SAP system contains a
KONM - Conditions conditional table 005 for this purpose. Key of table 005 includes the following
field – Customer/Material/Sales Organization/Distribution Channel.
Domain In the first two fields, the customer and material determines the relationship
between customers and specific materials. The last two fields are used to
KNUMB
identify organization data in a SAP system. Now, if sales department in an
organization enters a condition record for discount to one privileged customer,
the system will automatically make use of the condition table 005 to store the
record and define a key. Any standard SAP system contains predefined
condition tables and specifies for each access in a predefined access sequence.
ERP Fact Sheet 93

Customer info records
Zákaznícky informačný záznam | Einkaufsinfosatz
Information
When a delivery is created in SD, the system first checks the inspection
settings in the material master to determine if the material should be
Definition inspected. If so, the system checks whether a customer info record exists for
the customer/material combination, to determine if any special inspection
The customer info record defines the requirements apply. If a customer info record does not exist, the system uses
inspection requirements for a the default customer specifications.
specific customer/material
combination (per sales organization). In the customer info record, you can:
You can use the customer info-
record to override the default
customer specifications. ▪ Specify the material for the customer/material combination
▪ Enter an additional short text for the customer info record
▪ Create a long text as additional documentation
▪ Change the default customer specifications (quality inspection, delivery
VD51 – Create customer info records category, or documents)
VD52 – Change customer info records
VD53 – Display customer info records You normally create a customer info record after you have maintained the
inspection settings in the material master and the customer data in the
customer master.
Standard Tables
KNMT – Customer-material info
record data table
ERP Fact Sheet 94

PM Organizational units
Organizačné jednotky PM | Organisationseinheiten PM
What and which are organizational units in PM (Plant

Maintenance)?
Definition The plant (same as in MM part) is undoubtedly the most important organizational unit
for plant maintenance. It is important to still understand that plant is assigned to
company code.
the SAP System logical structure It fulfils several maintenance functions:
• A plant is responsible for planning maintenance activities. In this con- text,

this plant is known as a planning plant. To convert a plant to a planning
plant, you use the Customizing function Maintain Planning Plant
• All technical objects to be maintained are physically located in a plant

(functional location, equipment, serial number). Here, this plant is known
as a maintenance plant. A plant becomes a maintenance plant if you
create a technical object there. To assign the planning plant responsible
for the maintenance plant, you use the Customizing function Assign
Maintenance Planning Plant
• You require a plant with a storage location in which you can store spare
parts.
• Furthermore, some technical objects (serial numbers) can be stored in a

plant with a storage location
ERP Fact Sheet 95

PM main business objects
Hlavné PM business objekty | Haupt PM Geschäftsobjekte
• Functional location
• Equipment
Definition • Serial numbers
• Work Center
• Task list
Main PM business objects are created
by business users during processing • Maintenance Plan
daily business. They are transactional • Measure Points
or master data
• Capacity
• Maintenance Order
• Maintenance Order Operations
• Notification
• Confirmation
• Reservation
• Settlement Rule
ERP Fact Sheet 96

Functional Location
Technická lokácia| Technischer Plat
Functional locations are elements of a technical structure (for example, functional

units within a system). A functional location represents system area at which an
object can be installed. The objects that can be installed at functional locations are
called pieces of equipment in the R/3 System. You create functional locations
Definition hierarchically, and can also structure them based on the following criteria:
The business object functional

location is an organizational unit
• Functional: Example: - Pumping Station, Drive Unit.
within Logistics, that structures the
maintenance objects of a company • Process-related : Example: - Polymerization, Condensing etc.
according to functional, process-
related or spatial criteria. A • Spatial : Example: - Hall, Location.
functional location represents the
place at which a maintenance task is
to be performed. Each functional location is managed independently in the system, so that you can:
T-Codes:
• Manage individual data from a maintenance perspective for the object
IL01 – Create Functional Location • Perform individual maintenance tasks for the object
IL02 – Change Functional Location
IL03 – Display Functional Location • Keep a record of the maintenance tasks performed for the object
Tables:
IFLOT
IFLOTX
ILOA
Domain:
TPLNR
ERP Fact Sheet 97

Example of a Function Location: Clarification Plant:
ERP Fact Sheet 98

Equipment
Vybavenie | Equipment
Usage:
The equipment category is often used for reporting and distinguishing different
Definition groups of equipment.
You can manage all types of device as pieces of equipment (for example, production
utilities, transportation utilities, test equipment, production resources/tools,
buildings, PCs).
The business object "Equipment" is an
individual, physical object that is to Since many of these physical objects are managed as "assets" in Asset Management,
be maintained independently. It can the term "piece of equipment" was chosen for objects defined from a technical
be installed in a technical system or perspective, in order to avoid confusion with the activated tangible assets.
part of a technical system.
You define and manage each piece of equipment in the Plant Maintenance (PM)
System in a separate master record and can set up an individual maintenance history
for each one.
T-Codes: Structure:
IE01 – Create Equipment The system manages the master records for pieces of equipment at client level. This
IE02 – Change Equipment means that their numbers are valid for the entire corporate group.
IE03 – Display Equipment
The equipment master record contains several types of data:
Tables: • General data

This is fixed data, which generally does not change in the course of time, for example,
the acquisition value of the piece of equipment, its size and dimensions and the
EQUI year of construction.
EQKT
EQUZ • Plant Maintenance data, location data and sales data
ILOA This is time-dependent data. This data can be, for example, the maintenance planner
group, the responsible work center, the maintenance plant and the cost center.
Domain: Time-dependent data allows you to look at a piece of equipment dynamically, in
other words over the course of time.
EQUNR If your system is set up accordingly with the help of the Customizing functions, it
automatically creates a new time segment for specific master record changes that
describes the equipment usage period.
• Serial number data
This is data that you specify when you want to manage your pieces of equipment
not only as individual objects, but also from an inventory management
perspective. This data comprises material data as well as stock and customer
information.
• Configuration data
ERP Fact Sheet 99

This is data that describes which individual components of a standard product make
up the piece of equipment.
• Partner data
This is data that describes a certain responsibility for a piece of equipment, such as
for example, supplier, purchaser, responsible employee.
ERP Fact Sheet 100

Serial numbers
Sériové čísla | Serialnummer
Purpose:
Definition
You use serial numbers to identify A number that you give to an item of material in addition to the material number,
items of material, which enables you to differentiate that item from other items belonging to the material.
to distinguish between the individual The serial number is usually engraved on the device.
pieces.
T-Codes:
IQ01 – Create Material Serial Number

IQ02 – Change Material Serial Number
IQ03 – Display Material Serial Number
Tables:
SER00
SER0*
Domain:
OBJKN
ERP Fact Sheet 101

Work Center
Pracovisko | Arbeitsplatz
Use:
Definition
Organizational object (object key A) used to depict work centers that exist in your
A work center identifies the physical enterprise in your organizational plan. A work center can be defined by a general
location where work is carried out. place description (Philadelphia, for example) or a very specific place description
(office 105, desk III, for example).
T-Codes: Together with bills of material and routings, work centers belong to the most
important master data in the R/3 production planning and control system. Work
IR01 – Create Work Center centers are used in task list operations and work orders. Task lists are for example
IR02 – Change Work Center routings, maintenance task lists, inspection plans and standard networks. Work orders
IR03 – Display Work Center are created for production, quality assurance, plant maintenance and for the Project
System as networks.
Tables: Data in work centers is used for:
CRHD • Scheduling
CRCO Operating times and formulas are entered in the work center, so that the duration
CRTX of an operation can be calculated.
• Costing
Domain: Formulas are entered in the work center, so that the costs of an operation can be
calculated. A work center is also assigned to a cost center.
ARBPL • Capacity planning
The available capacity and formulas for calculating capacity requirements are
entered in the work center.
• Simplifying operation maintenance
Various default values for operations can be entered in the work center.
Structure:
A work center is created for a plant and is identified by a key. The work center
category, which you define in Customizing, determines which data can be maintained
in the work center.
The data is grouped thematically together in screens and screen groups. Examples
of such screen or screen groups are:
• Basic Data
• Assignments (to cost centers, Human Resource Management System (HR))
• Capacities
• Scheduling
• Default values
ERP Fact Sheet 102

• Hierarchy
• Technical data
• Integration
Task Lists
Work centers are assigned to operations in task lists. If you change default values in a
work center, the changes are effective in the task list if a reference indicator has been
set for the default value.
Work Center Hierarchies

Work centers can be arranged in hierarchies. These are important in capacity planning.
You use hierarchies to cumulate available capacities and capacity requirements in a
hierarchy work center.
ERP Fact Sheet 103

Task list
Zoznam aplikácií | Anwendungsliste
Purpose:
Definition General maintenance task lists are task lists that are used for general maintenance
tasks. They do not refer to a specific technical object. Using general maintenance
General maintenance task lists help task lists, you can define and manage sequences of maintenance tasks centrally, and
you to prepare maintenance plans and use them for work scheduling.
orders. Furthermore, you can use
these task lists to reduce the time Within a group, you can create several individual general maintenance task lists. The
spent creating equipment task lists. system automatically assigns a sequential number, the group counter, to each general
maintenance task list. This clearly identifies each general maintenance task list
within the group.
T-Codes:
IA05 – Create general task list

IA06 – Change General Maintenance
task list
IA07 – Display General task list
Tables:
PLKO
PLAS
PLPO
Domain:
PLNNR
ERP Fact Sheet 104

Maintenance Plan
Plán údržby | Wartungsplan
Structure:
Definition
A maintenance plan basically consists of the following elements:
Description of the maintenance and
inspection tasks to be performed at
maintenance objects. The • Maintenance item(s)
maintenance plans describe the dates
A maintenance item describes which preventive maintenance tasks should take place
and scope of the tasks.
regularly at a technical object or a group of technical objects.
A maintenance plan automatically always contains a maintenance item. You can
T-Codes: create additional maintenance items directly in the maintenance plan, or assign
existing maintenance items which have not yet been assigned. Exceptions to this rule
IP01 – Create Maintenance Plan include maintenance plans for service procurement and maintenance plans with
IP02 – Change Maintenance Plan reference to an outline agreement. These plans have only one maintenance item.
IP03 – Display Maintenance Plan For the call objects maintenance order (PM order) or service order, you can describe
the necessary activities using a task list which you assign to the maintenance item.
Tables:
MPLA • Maintenance plan
MPOS
The maintenance plan contains scheduling information from the following sources:
Domain:
• For single cycle plans, from the maintenance cycle
WARPL
• If you want to perform time-based or performance-based (counter-
based) maintenance planning, you can work with both single cycle plans
as well as strategy plans.
• For strategy plans from the maintenance strategy assigned to the
maintenance plan
• For multiple counter plans from the maintenance cycles
• If you want to combine maintenance cycles from different dimensions (for
example, time and distance), you can use multiple counter plans .
• From the scheduling parameters specific to this maintenance plan
When you schedule the maintenance plan, this information is used to calculate the
due dates for the maintenance operations to be performed on the assigned technical
objects.
ERP Fact Sheet 105

Measure Points
Meracie body | Messpunkte
Use:
Measurement readings are taken at measuring points in particular measurement units
at particular intervals. For example, the temperature in degrees Celsius of the
Definition coolant in the coolant pipe that leaves the pressure vessel at the nuclear power
station, or the number of revolutions per minute at the rotor shaft of the wind-driven
In Plant Maintenance, measuring power plant.
points are located on technical
objects, in other words, on pieces of Measurement readings describe a condition at a measuring point at a particular point
equipment or functional locations. For in time, and represent the transaction data for measuring points in the SAP System.
example, in a storeroom for fruit, a In many cases, there may be an optimum value for a particular measuring point to
certain room temperature has to be which the device concerned is calibrated. You can specify this measurement reading
created and maintained. The as a target value for the measuring point.
temperature is kept constant by a
regulator, and is also checked
regularly by a measuring device. You can enter measurement readings in three different forms:
T-Codes:
Valuation Use Example
IK01 – Create Measuring Point
IK02 – Change Measuring Point
IK03 – Display Measuring Point Quantitative The current reading measured is February 2, 2000,
entered in the system. The unit of the 14.00:
measurement reading (degrees Celsius
Tables: in the above example) is defined by 25 degrees Celsius
the characteristic in the master
record of the measuring point.
IMPTT
IMRG
Qualitative A valuation code is entered in the 01.02.1999, 12.00
system that gives the meaning of the Uhr:
Domain: current reading measured.
Temperatur ist
IMRC_POINT You can only enter a solely qualitative normal
valuation if you have specified this in
the system explicitly for the
measuring point concerned.
This is a The current reading measured is February 2, 2000,

combination of entered in the system together with a 14.00:
a quantitative valuation code. 25 degrees Celsius
and qualitative Temperature is
valuation. normal
ERP Fact Sheet 106

Capacity
Kapacita | Kapazität
Purpose:
Definition Capacity requirements planning supports you in detailed work scheduling for the
individual maintenance work centers (maintenance groups).
In Plant Maintenance, you use
capacity requirements planning if you The capacities of the work centers must be maximized as far as possible in view of
want to maximize the capacity of the the changing daily requirements. Therefore, capacity requirements planning can help
individual work centers for work you when determining which work centers and individual persons are available and
scheduling, in view of the changing when assigning them to orders and order operations. You can use this component to
daily requirements. define which workshops or persons can or should complete which activities for which
date.
Tables:
KAKO Integration:
KBED
KBKO You can only use this component in connection with the following application
KAKT components:
Domain:
• Maintenance Orders(PM-WOC-MO)
KAPID • Capacity Planning(PP-CRP)
To plan persons, you also require the following application components:
• Personnel Management(PA)
• Time Management(PT)
ERP Fact Sheet 107

Maintenance Order
Zákazka na údržbu | Instandhaltungsauftrag
Use:
Definition
The Maintenance Order business object is used to describe the maintenance work
An instruction to a work center to that needs to be done. It is used to:
perform a maintenance activity on a • Plan tasks in detail with regard to type, scope, dates and resources
maintenance object.
• Monitor the execution of tasks
T-Codes: • Define rules for account assignment, settlement and budgets
• Enter, assign and settle the costs which arise from tasks
IW31 – Create Maintenance Order
You can process an order internally, that is, have it processed by your own employees,
IW32 – Change Maintenance Order
or you can process an order externally, that is, assign it to another company for
IW33 – Display Maintenance Order
processing. You can create an order with or without reference to the notification. It
is possible to assign the order subsequently to one or more notifications.
Tables:
You can also assign an order to each of the following:
AUFK – AUTYP = 30 → for PM Orders • Profit center
only • Revision
AFPO • Project
AFFL • Investment program position
AFIH • Account assignment in Funds Management
• Real estate object
Domain: • Joint venture
The order data is entered in the maintenance history and is extremely important for
AUFNR evaluations and future planning.
Structure:
An order consists of:
• Order header
• Object list
• Operation
• Material list
• Production resources / tools
• Settlement rule
• Costs
An order contains operations that describe the individual work steps. For greater
detail, operations can be divided into sub-operations.
Operations can be performed sequentially, in parallel or overlapping. Operations and
sub-operations can be processed internally or externally.
An operation or sub-operation to be processed internally is assigned to a work center,
which is responsible for its execution. The necessary capacity requirements can be
planned for performing the operation or sub-operation.
ERP Fact Sheet 108

Maintenance Order Operations
Servisné úkony | Instandhaltungsauftrag Vorgang
Use:
Definition
In the PM component, the operation has the following tasks:
You use operations to describe the
individual maintenance tasks to be
performed. The operation includes • Determination of the capacity requirement
the time, the work center, and other • Specifying whether a task is performed by the company’s own staff
controlling information for an (internal processing) or by the staff of another company (external processing)
individual maintenance task. In the
operation text you can describe how • Maintaining the status
the work should be done. • Definition of deadlines at operation level
• Specification of required spare parts and utilities (such as special tools)
T-Codes:
• Determination of the process flow when processing relationships
between operations
IW49 – Display Operations
IW37 – Change Operations
You can assign service packages to both operations that are to be internally processed
Tables: and operations that are to be externally processed, if the control key entered allows
this. Using service packages also allows you to:
AFVC
AFKO
• Plan services in all dimensions
Domain: • Plan many services that are provided in different dimensions together
AUFPL • Define services uniformly (enter the service master in the service
package)
• Structure services in an unlimited number of steps
• Meet framework agreements
• Agree conditions
• Use service catalogs
• Describe work contents better
ERP Fact Sheet 109

Notification
Oznámenie | Benachrichtigung
Usage:
Definition Maintenance requests (Notification) are typically used for investments, for example
if an employee requires a new monitor, or if all the telephones in one part of the
A maintenance request (Notification)
building in a company need replacing.
is a targeted instruction to the
maintenance department to perform
an activity in the manner described
All that is initially important in the maintenance request is the maintenance activities.
Data relating to the execution of the tasks is only entered in the system in a second
T-Codes: step, by changing the maintenance notification.
IW21 – Create PM Notification

IW22 – Change PM Notification Notification enables maintenance staff to request the maintenance of an object
IW23 – Display PM Notification either as part of planned maintenance or in the event of a malfunction or an
exceptional situation. Maintenance requests document maintenance tasks and make
Tables: them available for analysis in the long term. They can also be used for preliminary
planning and execution of tasks.
QMEL
QMFE
QMIH When creating a maintenance request you should provide as much information as
QMMA possible for maintenance planning, regarding the activities you want the maintenance
QMUR department to carry out for you. To do this, make the following entries where
possible:
Domain:
• What is being requested
QMNUM
• The object or area to which the request refers
• Who requested the activity
A maintenance request performs the following functions:
• It describes the exceptional technical condition at the maintenance

object.
• It requests the maintenance department to perform a necessary task.
• It documents work that has been performed.
ERP Fact Sheet 110

Confirmation
Potvrdenie | Rückmeldung
Use:
Definition
The Maintenance Confirmation business object documents the processing status of
A message confirming the service operations and suboperations within a maintenance order. It is part of order
performed to fully or partly process monitoring. It is used to document the following:
an operation or sub-operation within a
maintenance order.
• Who performed the operation
T-Codes: • Whether operations or suboperations were started or executed
• When processing was started and when it was completed
IW41 – Enter PM Order Confirmation
IW42 – Overall Completion • How high are the costs for internal processing
Confirmation • The extent to which the order has been processed (work progress)
IW43 – Display PM Order Confirmation
• Where additional capacity is needed and surplus capacity can be
Tables: reduced
AFRU
AFRV
Domain:
CO_RUECK
ERP Fact Sheet 111

Settlement Rule
Zúčtovací predpis | Abrechnungsvorschrift
Use:
Definition You have to enter the correct settlement rule into the system, to ensure that the
costs incurred in the execution of the maintenance work can be settled correctly.
Determines which portion of the costs
on a sender should be settled to You need to create a settlement rule to settle the actual costs of a sender object.
which receiver(s). The settlement rule contains the distribution rules for the sender.
As a rule, the system determines the settlement rule for an order automatically from
T-Codes: the object data.
The system does not create a separate settlement rule for objects contained in the
KO88 – Actual Settlement object list of an order. If you want to identify the costs individually for each object,
you have to create a separate maintenance order for each object.
Tables:
COBRB
COBRA
AUAA
Domain:
J_OBJNR
ERP Fact Sheet 112

SRM Organizational units
Organizačné jednotky SRM | Organisationseinheiten SRM
SRM (supplier relationship management) is used to support the purchasing process

and it’s connected with ERP purchasing system. It’s not stand alone system and
Definition requires ERP. The users always use some web or mobile interface and SRM is not
operated from user perspective via SAP GUI. Also the functionality of SAP SRM from
Company code SAP GUI is very limited and it’s not possible f.e. to create documents, just display.
The company code is the smallest but

also the central organizational unit of The usage of organizational units is limited comparing to other system, also
external accounting within the SAP comparing with CRM.
system for which a complete, self-
contained set of accounts can be
created. Organizational units and organizational structure is usually downloaded from ERP/HR
system including customizing.
Plant
The Plant is an organizational unit From purchasing perspective there are 4 organizational units used in SAP SRM and are
serving to subdivide an enterprise represented mostly by same structure as ERP org units:
according to production,
procurement, maintenance and
materials planning aspects. • Company code
• Plant
It is a place where either materials • Purchasing organization
are produced or goods and services • Purchasing group
provided. • Business partner representing location – plant. The assignment of plant and
Business partner is done in table BBP_LOCMAP
Purchasing organization
An organizational unit subdividing an
enterprise according to the
requirements of Purchasing. It
procures materials and services,
negotiates conditions of purchase
with vendors, and is responsible for
such transactions.
ERP Fact Sheet 113

SRM main business objects
Hlavné SRM business objekty | Haupt SRM Geschäftsobjekte
Which are main SRM business objects?

• Business partner
Is representing vendors on the SRM system. The structure is the same as on CRM
Definition
system. Organizational assignment is present in table
o Transaction: BP
o Tables: BUT000, BUT+++
Main SRM business objects are created
▪ VENMAP – mapping of ERP vendor to SRM BP
by business users during processing
▪ Purchasing data of BP - BBPM_BUT_FRG0061
daily business. They are transactional
or master data
• Transactional documents
There are several types of transactional documents using the same tables but can
have different structure and organizational assignment.
Types of documents:
o Shopping carts
o Purchase orders
o Purchase requisitions
o Invoice documents
There is no transaction on SRM where you can change documents. The change is
done in WEB UI which you don’t have on projects. The transaction to see documents
is BBP_PD.
The transactional tables are similar as in CRM system but contain also BBP* tables
that contain SRM specific data.
• Organizational model
Stores the structure of company with departments, jobs, positions, central persons
and employees.
o Transaction: PPOMA_BBP
o Tables: HRP*, HRT*
o The assignment is through OTJID object structure. In case conversion is
planned for organizational model, the derivation of OTJID objects need
to be done first
ERP Fact Sheet 114

Document Tables:
ERP Fact Sheet 115

CRM Organizational units
Organizačné jednotky CRM | Organisationseinheiten CRM
Organizational management in SAP CRM (Customer Relationship Management) offers

a flexible tool for maintaining the company structure for different scenarios (Sales,
Service and Enterprise Buyer Professional).
Definition:
You can maintain the company structure including the positions and employees in an
application and assign specific data (attributes) to the organizational units.
This new maintenance makes new functions possible, for example, you can set the
automatic determination of organizational data for the transaction using the
the SAP System logical structure
organizational model display in Customizing.
Useful Transaction Codes Definition

Organizational object (object type key O), which is used to form the basis of an
PPOCA_CRM Create Org. Unit organizational model. Organizational units are functional units of a company.
PPOMA_CRM Change Org. Unit Depending on how task distribution is organized in a company, these can be, for
PPOSA_CRM Display Org. Unit example, departments, groups or project teams.
Usage
Standard Tables When you set up the organizational units and their hierarchical links, you create an
organizational model of your company, that is, how the organizational units fit
HRP1000 Org. Unit - Overview together.
HRP1001 Org. Unit - Relations
HRV1222A Attributes from ERP
Structure
The following organizational units are available in CRM for which you can enter the
corresponding organizational unit in the ERP system. You make this setting in
maintenance of the organizational model on the Function tab page.
Scenario Organizational attribute Corresponds in ERP with
Sales Sales organization Sales organization
Sales Sales office Sales office
Sales Sales group Sales group
Service Service organization Planning plant
Table 1 Mapping Organizational Units
ERP Fact Sheet 116

You can also assign more than one organizational attribute to an organizational unit.
For example, you can specify that an organizational unit represents both the sales
office and also the sales group.
You can also define individual organizational units, for example, regional office,
branch etc. But you can only define an SAP counterpart for the above.
Organizational units have general attributes that specify, for example, the
responsibility of an organizational unit for a specific area. You can define the features
of an organizational unit in CRM under general attribute maintenance.
The organizational units do not have to have their own cost centers.
Organizational units can occur as business partners. If you create an organizational

unit, the system automatically creates a business partner record for the
organizational unit.
You can find more information under BP role organizational unit and in the
Implementation Guide (IMG) under Master Data ->Business Partner ->Integration
Business Partner – Employee.
ERP Fact Sheet 117

Sales Area
Oblasť odbytu| Vertriebsbereich - area
Data created for specific sales areas for use in the relevant business transactions
Sales
In this data set, you can define customer groups for pricing and statistical purposes
(for example, wholesale or retail trade).
The customer groups defined here are used as default data in CRM business
transactions and can be overwritten.
Similarly, you can group business partners for the payment guarantee procedure and
incompleteness check.
Shipping
In this data set, you enter default data for the sales order concerning how products
are to be shipped.
You can specify the following:

• The appropriate Incoterms so that goods are dispatched correctly. More
details can be entered in the second Incoterms field.
• Delivery priority and shipping conditions.
• Whether partial deliveries are possible. The Delivery Control Item field
controls partial deliveries at item level and allows you to choose between
different partial delivery agreements.
• Whether sales transactions can be combined during delivery creation.
• Whether unlimited overdelivery is allowed.
• If unlimited tolerance is not indicated, you can specify percentage amounts
(in relation to the amount ordered) that are acceptable as overdelivery.
Billing
In this data set, you enter default data for billing:
• The customer determination procedure defines which pricing procedure
should be used as a basis for the sales document. It cannot be changed in
the document.
• The exchange rate type and the currency in which the settlement is carried
out with the customer or the vendor.
• Terms of payment in the form of cash discount percentage rates and
payment deadlines. The key is used in orders, purchase orders and
invoices. It is generally defaulted but can be overwritten manually.
ERP Fact Sheet 118

• The price group, the group of customers for whom the same pricing
requirements apply
• The price list type. This puts together price lists with the same features
(for example, wholesale trade or retail trade).
• The customer group (specific customer group for pricing and statistical
purposes).
• The billing plan procedure. It is used to determine the billing plan type for
the business partner concerned.
• The excise tax handling type and source of excise tax rates.
• The account assignment group. It is used by the system to create an
accounting document from a billing document for determining the sales
account or sales reduction account.
• Direct Billing indicator. This specifies whether a dealer's shipments require
an invoice immediately to accompany the shipment.
• Split Invoice by Condition indicator. This indicates whether a separate
invoice should be created for service parts and used part deposit:
o To produce separate invoices for the service parts and the used part
deposit the system creates two different items in the billing due list.
o The system creates two billing documents for the same bill-to partner.
Organization
This data is used for information purposes. The entries must correspond to the sales
area selected:
• Sales office. This is a location such as branch office responsible for the
sales and distribution of certain products and services in a particular
geographical area. Purchasing groups can be formed within a sales office.
• Purchasing group. Group of sales employees responsible for the sales and
distributionof specific products and services.
• District
ERP Fact Sheet 119

Sales organization
Predajná organizácia| Verkaufsorganisation
The organizational unit responsible for the document need not be a sales organization.
Definition It can also be, for example, a sales office. You can assign business partners directly
to the sales organization
The sales organization is an
organizational unit within logistics, A sales organization is responsible for the sale and distribution of goods and services.
that structures the company It represents the selling unit as a legal entity. It is responsible for product guarantees
according to its sales requirements. and other rights to recourse, for example. Regional subdividing of the market can
also be carried out with the help of sales organizations. Each business transaction is
processed within a sales organization.
The sales organization must be specified in all sales documents. It is therefore

available for all basic functions of SD (such as pricing, availability, etc.).
Structure
A sales organization can be subdivided into several distribution chains which

determine the responsibility for a distribution channel.
Several divisions can be assigned to a sales organization which is responsible for the
materials or services provided.
A sales area determines which distribution channel can be used to sell the products
from one division in a sales organization.
ERP Fact Sheet 120

Distribution Channel
Cesta odbytu| Vertriebsweg
Use
Definition
Within a sales organization a customer can be supplied through several distribution
The distribution channel represents channels. In addition, the material master data relevant for sales, such as prices,
the channel through which salable minimum order quantity, minimum quantity to be delivered and delivering plant, can
differ for each sales organization and distribution channel.
materials or services reach customers.
Typical distribution channels include
wholesale, retail and direct sales. Structure
A single distribution channel can be assigned to one or more sales organizations.
o not an independent object. It is an attribute that can be assigned to an

organizational unit.
o can be replicated from the ERP system (during the initial download), or,
can be defined in CRM in Customizing.
ERP Fact Sheet 121

Division
Divízia| Sparte
Use of the division can be switched off throughout the system

Definition • can be replicated from the ERP system (during the initial download), or,
can be redefined in CRM in Customizing.
In the SAP System you can define a • The division is not an organizational unit, but an attribute. Several divisions
division-specific sales organization. can be assigned to a sales organization independent of the distribution
Product groups, i.e. divisions, can be channel.
defined for a wide-ranging spectrum • You set in Customizing whether there is a header division. If you do not use
of products. a header division, the division only exists at item level and is always
derived from the product. If you do use a header division, the header
For every division you can make
division is valid for the entire business transaction.
customer-specific agreements on, for
example, partial deliveries, pricing
and terms of payment. Within a
division you can carry out statistical
analyses or set up separate marketing
procedures.

OVXA - Division -> Sales organization
ERP Fact Sheet 122

CRM main business objects
Hlavné CRM business objekty | Haupt CRM Geschäftsobjekte
Main CRM business objects

• Business partner
• Product (Material)
• Transactional documents
ERP Fact Sheet 123

Business Partner
Obchodný Partner | Geschäftspartner
Business partner is any entity with whom your organization has business
relationship, transaction or interaction.
The following basic concepts are relevant for business partner data:
Definition
• Business Partner Role
Business Partner is a generic term for o A business partner can take on different business partner roles, reflecting
any party in which your company has
the business transactions in which it is likely to be involved.
a business interest.
• Business Partner Relationship
Either if it’s a customer or a vendor.
o A relationship connects two business partners and is characterized by a
The description Business Partner has
business partner relationship category.
been introduced to avoid redundant
• Account Hierarchy
entries of one company due to
different business interests you had o You can represent the structure of an organization using an account
with that company or it had with you. hierarchy.
• Marketing Prospect
So instead of multiple entries
documenting your business interests o A marketing prospect is a potential customer, or the contact of a potential
with you and them, you have one customer. You can collect data for marketing prospects and use this for
entry containing all your businesses your marketing activities.
you had in the past.
Employee
Example Definition
A company supplies you with goods (= The BP role Employee is the term for someone who works in your own company.
vendor). And this company is also
Use
buying your products (= customer).
With using a Business Partner, there If a company has business relations with one of its own employees, you can enter
will be only one record in your data on this business partner in the BP role Employee.
database instead of two.
Structure
In addition to the corresponding master data, you can also define the user number
Useful Transaction Codes and personnel number of the employee for the BP role of Employee.
Maintain Business Partner – BP (also

Integration
for creation of a BP) If you use the SAP HR component, the system creates the relationship to the HR
object Central person and checks entries.
Useful Standard Table
BUT000 – Business Partner
General Data
ERP Fact Sheet 124

Contact Person
Definition
A business partner in the BP role of contact person acts as intermediary to an
organization with which business contact is maintained.
Structure
With the BP role contact person, you can enter data on name, address and
relationships but not on bank details and payment cards.
Integration
To map a "is contact person for" relationship, you must have created one business
partner as an organization, person, or group, and another business partner as a
person.
ERP Fact Sheet 125

Product (Material)
Produkt (Stoff) | Produkt (Materiál)
SAP CRM provides product master for the management of products part of different
business processes in your organization.
SAP CRM Product master can be used to maintain and retrieve all information on the
Definition products that your organization purchases or sells.
In terms of SAP CRM, Products are It works the same across all processes involved in the three modules of SAP CRM, i.e.,
goods that are the object of your sales, service and marketing.
company's business activities. The role selected to access the Product master within CRM UI determines the product
Products can be tangible, such as a types that can be maintained by the current user.
PC, or intangible, such as services like
PC maintenance SAP CRM supports up to six different types of products.
The following are the SAP standard Product Types:
• Material (e.g. service parts or accessories)
• Services (delivery contract, water or electricity)
COMMPR01 – Product Master
• Warranties
COMM_HIERARCHY – Maintain • Financing
hierarchies and categories • IP (Intellectual Property)
COMM_SETTYPE – Maintain Set Types
and Attributes
Set Types
A set type is a group of attributes that you can integrate into the product maintenance.
When generating database fields using the Easy Enhancement Workbench (EEW), you
can integrate the set types in the product hierarchy and then maintain them in the
Useful Standard Table product. When you create a contract, the system uses the default attribute values
COMM_PRODUCT defined in the product.
COMM_PR_FRG_REL
For every attribute that is allocated to the set type, you can define, via the
COMM_PR_FRG_ROD
corresponding indicator, whether it is relevant for the configuration or relevant for BW
CRMD_CRMD_PRODUCT_I
and/or whether several values of the attribute are possible. You can also assign a set
type to a certain product category and define it as specific to the distribution channel.
Hierarchies
A hierarchy can be defined as a configuration hierarchy. The subcategories can contain
configurable fields and logic. Only one configuration hierarchy is permitted per product
category. You can define the extended maintenance in the hierarchy as well. If you set
this indicator, all categories and set types of the hierarchy are generated in the Product
Modeling Environment (PME). As a result you can use set types with several value
attributes. In addition, you can define default values on category level. The extended
maintenance is automatically defined for configuration hierarchies.
ERP Fact Sheet 126

Transactional documents
Transaktionsbelege| Transakčné dokumenty
Introduction
As a departure from regular ERP "fat table" design, CRM embraces a new data model
Definition concept for business transactions called the "one-order" concept. The one order
concept is relatively simple, yet very elegant. Each business transaction type is
stored in a common set of tables which we will call segments, and then has segments
specific to the business transaction type. This means a sales order, activity, lead,
Useful Transaction Codes opportunity, complaint, etc. all live in the same central tables. This allows for an
easier technical copy control and search. The order guide is used to handle this.
• CRMD_ORDER - Transaction
Processing
Basic Data Model
Useful Standard Table The primary header table for the business transactions is CRMD_ORDERADM_H. This
CRMD_ORDERADM_H - Primary Header contains different document types. The type of the document is stored in field
Table PROCESS_TYPE (value table CRMC_PROC_TYPE).
CRMD_ORDERADM_I - Primary Item
Table
CRMD_LINK - Transaction - Set - Link The transaction ID is stored in field OBJECT_ID and to display a business document
transaction CRMD_ORDER can be used.
Attention: The transaction ID is not unique, different business document types have
the same ID. Therefore, only use the OBJECT_ID in combination with the GUID (or
only the GUID).
The primary item table for the business transactions is CRMD_ORDERADM_I. The link
between header and items table is:
CRMD_ORDERADM_I-HEADER = CRMD_ORDERADM_H-GUID.
These two tables are then related to various segments through the linkage table
CRMD_LINK.
Examples of segments are CRMD_ACTIVITY_H and CRMD_PRODUCT_I.
ERP Fact Sheet 127

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Fact Sheets

ABOUT SAP OBJECTS

ERP Fact Sheet 1

ERP Fact Sheet 2

ERP Fact Sheet 3

ERP Fact Sheet 4

ERP Fact Sheet 5

ERP Fact Sheet 6

What and which are organizational units in FI – CO?

All FI – CO organizational units can be found in customizing:

ERP Fact Sheet 7

How to Define Operating Concern?

ERP Fact Sheet 8

How to Define Client?

Assignment • Role of the client

ERP Fact Sheet 9

How to Define Controlling Area?

Specific attributes of controlling area:

ERP Fact Sheet 10

Useful Transaction Codes Create new Credit Control Area

ERP Fact Sheet 11

Company, also called Group Company

Useful Transaction Codes

ERP Fact Sheet 12

Creating a new Company Code

ERP Fact Sheet 13

What is the role of Business Area in Accounting?

ERP Fact Sheet 14

What is a Dunning Area?

ERP Fact Sheet 15

You assign dunning procedures to the corresponding dunning area in the

• Define Different Dunning Procedures for Dunning Areas

• Define the required dunning areas and dunning procedures.

• Or Define One Dunning Procedure for Dunning Areas

ERP Fact Sheet 16

Definition of Chart of accounts:

ERP Fact Sheet 17

ERP Fact Sheet 18

Create a new Cost Center - KS01

ERP Fact Sheet 19

ERP Fact Sheet 20

TFKB - functional areas

ERP Fact Sheet 21

Which are main FI-CO business objects?

ERP Fact Sheet 22

The Structure of Finance Documents

Useful Transaction Codes Values

To change an existing one, use Dates

ERP Fact Sheet 23

The Accounts Payable

The Accounts Receivable

The Accounts Receivable application component records and administers

ERP Fact Sheet 24

ERP Fact Sheet 25

How to create a G/L Account?

In the SPRO go to Accounting_Financial Accounting_General Ledger_Document

Tables Accounting_Financial Accounting_General Ledger_Document_Display