ADL2000 Yingwenshuomingshu
ADL2000 Yingwenshuomingshu
V2.0
980 980
7.7F6 Group – Analog & pulse input and output parameters 84 Chapter 1 Safety and notices
7.8F7 Group – Switching Input and output 89
7.9F8 Group – PID control parameters 101
7.10F9 Group – Programmable operating parameters In order to ensure the safety of human, equipment and property, before
108 to use the inverter, please read this chapter, and execute this instruction du
7.11FA Group – Protection parameters 117 -ring carrying, installation, commissioning, running and repair and etc.
7.12FB Group – Communication parameters 123
7.13FC Group – Super function parameters 125 1.1Definition of safety
7.14FD Group – Display and system management parameters DANGER:if operate not according to requirement, it may result in severe da
126
-mage or casualties.
7.15FE Group – Standby parameter 132
7.16FF Group – Factory parameters 132 CAUTION:if operate not according to requirement, it may result in equipment
7.17Surveillance parameters 134 being damage or the light or medium injury on human
Chapter 8Operation format of reading and writing communication parameters, and examples
REMIND:Information useful for operation or usage.
8.1RTU mode and format 138
8.2Register address and function code of ADL980 138 1.2Notices for safety
8.3Instruction for the function of other registers 145
8.4Fault code table of inverter Before installed
146
8.5Code table of inverter pre-alarming 147
8.6Parameter property table DANGER
148
8.7Meaning for wrong code of abnormal information from slave machine response 148 1.Only professionals are allowed to operate this product, before to use, please read
8.8Format of command character for control 149 the contents of safety, installation, operation and maintenance in this manual. The
8.9Communication address of all parameters for ADL980 149 safe operation of this product depends on correct selection of model, safe transport
-ation, correct installation, operation and maintenance.
Chapter 9Fault analysis and solutions
9.1Common faults and solutions 150
9.2Fault status and remedy 150
9.3Fault record and search DANGER
150
9.4Fault resetting 150 The inverter that it is damaged or some components are missed can’t be used, otherwise injury may occur.
9.5Fault codes and solutions 151
Chapter 10Maintenance and repair Installation
10.1Inspection and maintenance
154
10.2The components need replacement periodically
154
10.3Storage DANGER
155
10.4Measurement and conclusion 155 1.Please install the product on the metal or other flameproof base, far from the flammable object, otherwise fire
Chapter 11Optional parts
11.1AC reactor danger may happen.
155
11.2Communication filter 2.It is forbidden modifying the inverter without the prior authorization, otherwise it may lead inverter to being burnt.
155
11.3Braking element and resistor 155 3.The inverter without the explosion proof treatment, can’t be installed on the site where there has explosive gas or dust,
11.4Recommended electric apparatus 157 otherwise it may have the risk of explosion.
11.5Capacitors 158
Chapter 11Quality warranty 158
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1.When two pieces of inverters installed in one control panel, please pay attention DANGER
on the installation position, to ensure good radiation.During carrying, please hold 1.Please check if the power source voltage is same as the rated voltage of inverter, wiring is
the bottom of the inverter correct or not, the circuit of peripheral device is short connected or not, wiring connection is
firm or not and etc. otherwise it may lead inverter to be damaged.
Wiring 2.Please confirm the outer cover is installed, then inverter is allowed to connect with power
source, or it may lead to electric shock.
DANGER 3.If storage of the inverter more than one year, when to electrify the inverter, input voltage sh
-all rise from low to high step by step by voltage regulator, or it may make inverter to be damaged.
1.Before to connect the wires, please cut off power input, otherwise the risk of electric shock
may happen.
2.Please let the electric operator execute the wiring connection, otherwise the risk of electric
CAUTION
may happen.
3.Please connect the wire according to standard requirement, or electric shock may occur. 1.Check all peripheral parts are correctly connected according to the manual, or it may have accident.
4.AC power source must not be connected with the output terminals U, V, W of the inverter,
otherwise the inverter will be damaged.
5.Screw, nails, washer, or metal rod, conductor can’t fall into inverter, or it may lead to electric After being electrified
fire or inverter being damaged.
DANGER
1.After the inverter is electrified, the outer cover can’t be opened, wiring connection,
CAUTION inspection and etc are not allowed to be executed again, otherwise it may lead to elec
-tric shock.
2.After the inverter is electrified, please don’t touch the inner circuit board and its co-
1.The user shall take full responsibility for the result and equipment damage because of wire wrong mponents, otherwise it may lead to electric shock.
3.Please don’t operate and touch inverter by wet hand, otherwise it may lead to electric
connection, improper operation, private modification and etc his owned reason. shock and inverter being damaged.
2.Please ensure all circuits comply with EMC requirement and local safety standard, the wire specif
-ication refers to reference brochure or national standard, otherwise it may have accident.
3.Please connect the braking resistor or element according to wiring diagram, braking resistor must
CAUTION
not be connected with P(+), P(-) terminals of DC busbar, otherwise it will lead to electric fire
and inverter being damaged 1.Please be careful to set the parameters of the inverter, otherwise it may lead inverter to being damaged.
4.Human electrostatic will hurt inner MOS field transistors, if treatment against electrostatic not pr
-ovided, please don’t touch PCB and IGBT and inner components by hand, otherwise it may result
inverter in fault. Running
5.Please don’t use phase-shift capacitor and LC/RC noise filter to connect with output circuit of
the inverter. Otherwise it will lead inverter to being damaged. DANGER
6.Please don’t use magnetic switch or magnetic contactor to connect with output circuit of the inverter.
When the inverter run at loading, the action of magnetic switch or magnetic contactor will make 1.Before to run the inverter, please check the motor and the permissible mechanical range and etc,
inverter to perform over-current protection, even lead inverter to being damaged. otherwise it may lead to accident.
7.Please don’t dismantle the outer cover of the front panel, it only need take the terminal cover 2.Don’t touch cooling fan and braking resistor for detecting temperature, or it will scald your hand.
during wiring.
3.Don’t measure the signals except for the right technician while inverter running, otherwise it may
8.It is forbidden performing any test of withstand voltage, or it will lead inverter to be damaged.
lead to human injury or device being damaged.
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ADL980-41850G/42000P
-20% ~
When altitude more than 1000m, please run at derating of 10% ADL980-42000G/42200P +20% 200.0/220.0 370.0/410.0 380.0/420.0 200.0/220.0
Altitude rated capacity per more 1000m.
-10℃~ +40℃, (Please run at derating when ambient temperature ADL980-42200G/42500P 220.0/250.0 410.0/460.0 420.0/470.0 220.0/250.0
Ambient temperature within 40℃~50℃)
ADL980-42500G/42800P 250.0/280.0 460.0/500.0 470.0/520.0 250.0/280.0
Humidity 5% ~ 95% RH, no water drop and dew
ADL980-42800G/43150P 280.0/315.0 500.0/580.0 520.0/600.0 280.0/315.0
Vibration Less than 5.9m/s2 (0.6g) ADL980-43150G/43500P 315.0/350.0 580.0/620.0 600.0/640.0 315.0/350.0
ADL980-4185G/4220P 18.5/22.0 38.0/46.0 37.0/45.0 18.5/22.0 4.Avoid high temperature and heavy moisture, relative humidity less than 95 (no dew)
ADL980-4220G/4300P 22.0/30.0 46.0/62.0 45.0/60.0 22.0/30.0 5.Far from oil, salt, and corrosive gas
ADL980-4300G/4370P 30.0/37.0 62.0/76.0 60.0/75.0 30.0/37.0 6.Prevent the access of water drop, steam, dust, powder, cotton, metal particles and etc.
7.Avoid the electromagnetic interference, far from such electromagnetic source
ADL980-4370G/4450P 37.0/45.0 76.0/90.0 75.0/90.0 37.0/45.0
8.It is not allowed to operate in the dangerous site with flammable or explosive gas, liquid,
ADL980-4450G/4550P 45.0/55.0 90.0/105.0 90.0/110.0 45.0/55.0
or solid medium.
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3.2Figure and part description of the product 3.4Mounting dimension( unit: mm)
Operated panel 3.4.1 Mounting size of plastic shell
Front cover Interface for
operated panel
Downside cover
Control
terminals
Shell Main loop terminals
Hole for control lines
Top mounting hole
standing. And it shall keep away from the near objects or barrier orwall with enough safe distance. 3.4.2 Mounting dimensions of wall hung type inverters
ADL980-4007G/4015P 0.75/1.5
50mm
and above
50mm
and above ADL980-4015G/4022P 1.5/2.2 126 111 170 157 165 Φ4.5
ADL980-4022G/4037P 2.2/3.7
ADL980-4300G/4370P 30/37
ADL980-4450G/4550P 45/55
ADL980-4550G/4750P 55/75
370 250 650 625 285 Φ11
ADL980-4750G/4930P 75/93
Air inlet of panel ADL980-4930G/41100P 93/110 500 400 875 855 380 Φ11
Illustration of several inverters installation
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PROG ENTER
-nt or terminal of the inverter).
10.Control cable and power source cable shall be separated from the motor cable, generally there shall
RUN
STOP
RST
have surplus distance, in peculiar when cables are mounted in parallel and long extended. If the signal
ANDELI INVERTER cable has to pass through the power source cable, please make them to be vertically intersected.
66 11.Please select the proper specification of the cable for main circuit and perform wiring connection ac
Open hole size
3.5.2 The keyboard size of above 7.5KW (G type) -cording to the requirements of National Electric Regulations
12.Only after the inverter terminated the output, then it is allowed to switch the power source.
F/R RUN ALM Hz A V
13.When to dismantle or replace the motor, it must cut off the input power source of the inverter.
14.In order to prevent accidental case, earthing E or G shall be earthed solidly (earthing impedance shall
be less than 10 Ω), otherwise it may lead to earthing leakage. It’s better to adopt special earthing electro
ANDELI INVERTER
-de for inverter, secondly choose public earthing electrode, don’t utilize series connected earthing wire.
15.The inverter with three-phase input are unsuitable for two-pole operating, otherwise it may result in
164
M-FUNC
PROG
JOG
-fault. If operating system only has two-pole power source, please choose single-phase inverter.
ENTER
SHIFT 16.The inverter can’t operate in the system that the voltage exceeds the permissible operating voltage ra
RUN
STOP
RST
-nge, if voltage exceeded, please use an extra transformer to regulate the voltage and then connected to
the inverter.
87 17.The length of cable connected between inverter and braking element can’t exceed 5m, and the length
Open hole size of cable connected between braking element and braking resistor can’t exceed 5m.
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18.If output terminal of inverter will drive inductive load, such as electromagnetic relay,
contactor and etc, it shall add surge voltage absorption circuit, i.e. RC absorption loop
4.3Main circuit terminals
(Notices: leakage current of absorption circuit shall less than the holding current of co 4.3.1 Main loop terminals of ADL980 series 0.75KW ~ 2.2KW inverters
-ntrolling electromagnetic relay or contactor), varistor or freewheeling diode (used in
DC electromagnetic loop, please pay attention on the polarity of freewheeling diode d R S T P+ PB U V W
-uring operation). The main components of absorption loop shall be installed closely
on the two ends of coils of relay or contactor, indicated as followed picture: 4.3.2 Main loop terminals of ADL980 series 3.7KW ~ 5.5KW inverters
AC DC power
power source
+ source -
P+ P- R S T PB U V W
Contactor coil Relay coil
R:100-500Ω
4.3.3 Main loop terminals of ADL980 series 7.5KW ~ 15KW inverters
C:0.1-0.2μF
Output terminal Output terminal
of control panel of control panel P- P+ PB R S T G U V W
Resistive and capacitive absorption circuit DC absorption circuit
4.3.4 Terminal function description in details
4.2Basic wiring diagram
Terminal name Function description
The followed illustrations include two parts: main circuit and control circuit
DC reactor Exterior braking resistor R
P(+) S Input terminals of power source
P1 PB P(-)
MCCB Motor T
R U
Three-phase E/G Earthing terminal
S V M
power source
T W P 1、P + Reserved/spare terminal for exterior DC reactor
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In order to lessen the interference and attenuation of control signal, the length of
connection cable for control signal shall be within 60 cm and keep more than 30cm Cat. Terminal Function description Specification
mark
away from power cables, and try to avoid this signal cable being laid in parallel with
power cables. The cable for analog input and output signals shall be of shielded stran TA-TB Normal closed (NC)
TB
-ded cable. The function of terminals as follows:
It is programmable and defined as multifunctional TA-TC Normal opened (NO)
Table 1-1 Function description of control loop terminals Output
terminals output terminal of relay, up to 21 kinds. Details as Contact ratings:
Terminal TA
Cat. Function description Specification of relay 250VAC/2A(COSΦ=1);
mark F7.20, F7.21 output terminals description
250VAC/1A(COSΦ=0.4);
X1 TC 30VDC/1A。
X2 Only when X(X1, X2, X3, X4, X5, X6, X7, X8)
X3 and COM short connected, it will take effect,
Multi - -24V 24V, Public power source for the circuit of digital Maxi output current 200mA
X4 their functions set by parameters F7.00 ~ F7.07, signal input terminal
functional
digital X7 (their public terminal: COM)
input INPUT, 0~24V potential -10V 10V, Public power source for the circuit of analog Maxi output current 20mA
X8 Power signal input terminal
terminal signal, low potential is
valid, 5mA source
When X5 short connected with COM, inverter interface
X5 COM Earthing terminal for digital signal and +24V Inside isolated from GND
will reset and stop at any case power source
Besides X6 can be used as common multifunctional
X6 terminal, also operated as hi-speed pulse input port, GND Earthing terminal for analog signal and +10V Inside isolated from COM
details as F7.05 function description. power source
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REMIND:
1)CN8, CN9, CN11 jump to “I” position, means current value, jump to “V” position, Host machine may be personnel computer PC or PLC, the slave machines namely are
means voltage value. these series of inverters. When to use PC as host machine, it shall add one RS232/RS485
Adaptor between host machine and bus, when to use PLC, it need only connect commun
2)Analog input and output signal are easily influenced by outer interference, it need
-ication cables according to same terminals of RS485 in slave and host machines.
shielded cable to connect and well earthing, the cable length try to be short as possible. When many inverters integrated into a system and communicate via RS485 bus, a shi
3)When analog input of inverter connected to analog signal output device, sometimes -elded resistor (generally 100R/1/4W) shall be connected in the control panel of two rem
the inverter will take action to wrongly trip due to analog signal output device or the -otest inverters in the system, if it still can’t perform normal communications, please try
interference on inverter. At this case, it can connect 0.01~0.1uF/50V capacitor or Fe the follow treatments:
-rrite ring (wrap in 3 turns) on the side of exterior analog output device. 1)Independently power supply for PLC (or host machine) and its power source to be isolated;
2)If RS232/RS485 adaptor used, please use the separate power source for this adaptor, we
4.4.3Wiring of serial communication port recommend the user of adopting photoelectric isolated adaptor;
This series of inverters provide the standard RS485 serial communication port, able 3)Communication cable use ferrite ring, if servicing site is available, it can reduce the wa
to form host and slave control system. Through host machine (PC or PLC controller) -ve carrying freq as proper.
it can realize real time monitoring the inverters in network, perform remote control,
automatic control and more complicated operations. 4.4.4 Wiring of multifunction input terminals
These multifunctional input terminals adopt the photoelectric isolated input. 24V is public
terminal for X1~X7, after isolated by photoelectric the output will reach up to 5V and dire
Host machine -ctly connected with CPU. When switch and COM closed the input is valid. Wiring diagram
RS232 R S 2 3 2 / R S 4 8 5 Adaptor refer to Picture 2-5.
Pin no. Signal Shielded cable Terminal name Description
Shell PE +5V 5V source +
Data transmission
2 RXD TXD cable +24V 5V
3 TXD RXD Data receive cable Inverter
5 GND GND 5V source - RS485 comm port +
4 DTR
R
6 DSR
K X1~X7
9 RI Terminal name Description Terminal name Description
1 CD RS485-
- terminal of signal R S 4 8 5 - - terminal of signal COM
7 RTS RS485+
+ terminal of signal R S 4 8 5 + + terminal of signal Picture 2-5 Wiring of multifunctional input terminals
8 CTS
Picture 2-3 Interface between host machine and inverter 4.4.5 Wiring of multifunctional output terminals
Y1, Y2 multifunctional output terminals can adopt the 24V inner power source of inverter,
When several inverters connected in same RS485 system, the interference on communication wiring mode refer to Picture 2-6.
will increase. At maximum 247 pcs inverters can be connected in the system through RS485
serial connected bus. So wiring arrangement is very important, bus cable must be dual shielded
cables, we recommend user to perform wiring according to following diagram: +24V 24V
5V
Relay
PLC Inverter Inverter Inverter
485+485-SG 485+485-GND 485+485-GND 485+485-GND Y1,Y2
Shielded wire
COM
Picture 2-4 Recommended wiring diagram of PLC communicated with many inverters Picture 2-6 Wiring of multifunctional output terminals
(Inverter and motors shall be solidly earthed)
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2) Digital pulse freq output “DO” can adopt the inner power source of inverter,
wiring mode refer to Picture 2-7. Chapter 5Operation and usage of keyboard
5.1Keyboard layout
+24V 24V
The keyboard is the main part of inverter receiving commands, displaying parameters.
+24V
5V
4.7K The figure looks like Picture 1-1.
DO
Fault/Alarm indicator Displayed freq unit (Hz)
COM RUN indicator Displayed Current unit (A)
Digital freq meter F/R RUNALM Hz A V
Forward/Reverse rotation indicator Displayed voltage unit (V)
Picture 2-7 Wiring mode of output terminals LED display
4.4.6 Wiring of relay output terminals TA, TB, TC Multifunction key
If to drive inductive loads (such as electromagnetic relay, contactor), it shall (Jog key)
M-FUNC
Shift key SHIFT Digital coder
add surge voltage absorption circuit, such as RC absorption loop, varistor or JOG
(ENTER key)
freewheeling diode (used in DC electromagnetic circuit, pay attention on the
Program key PROG ENTER ENTER key
polarity of diode) and etc. the components of absorption circuit shall be insta
-lled closing to the two sides of coil of relay or contactor. Data change key
REMIND: RUN key RUN
STOP
RST STOP/RESET key
1)Don’t short connect between 24V terminal and COM terminal, or it will lead
control panel to being damaged.
2)Please use multi-core shielded cable or stranded cable (above 1mm) to conne Picture 1-1 Keyboard layout of ADL980 Inverter
-ct with control terminals. Note: At the status of programming menu, the digital coder can be used to incr
3)When to use the shielded cable, the nearest end (closed to inverter) of shielded -ease or decrease the data acting as data change key through the rotation direction
layer shall be connected to earthing terminal PE of inverter through earthing after this coder is pressed.
clamp provided together with inverter.
4)During wiring control cable shall be 30cm or above far from main circuit and 5.2Function instruction of keyboard
power cable as possible (power source cable, motor line, relay line, contactor Operational panel has provided 8 keys and one digital coder, the function of each key
line and etc), avoid laying in parallel to these cables, we recommend that sign defined as following table 1-1:
-al control cable is intercrossed with power cable, to prevent wrong tripping Table 1-1 Function table of operation keys
due to interference on inverter.
Key Description Function description
4.4.7 Backup circuit
When inverter trip the fault, it will lead to big loss of stopping motor or other PROG PROGRAM/EXIT key Enter or exit programming status
unexpected accident, please prepare this circuit as backup use to ensure safety. At status of editing, it can select one digit of the parameter setting to be
SHIFT SHIFT/MONITOR key
R U MCC1 modified. In other status it can shift to display the monitored parameters.
Input
power S Inverter V
M ENTER ENTER key Enter into submenu or data confirmed.
source T ADL980 W
At the mode of keyboard operating, push this key to shift forward/reverse
M-FUNC
JOG MULTIFUNCTION key rotation or jog for running, or clear the freq according to function
Interlocked AC parameter F0.06 settings.
contactors. MCC2 RUN
RUN key At the mode of keyboard operating, push this key to make inverter into running
At normal servicing status of the inverter, if the running command of inverter
STOP
RST STOP/RESET key is valid for keyboard operating, push this key to stop motor according to the
setting mode. When the inverter at faulty status, push this key to return to the
Diagram of backup circuit normal status of stopping.
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Push “ SHIFT” key, to display the monitored data of stopping status in turns
Used to set freq, when F1.02=0, the coder can set/give freq, digital (default setting: monitoring the output freq). for other monitored parameters, please
Digital coder coder and INCREASE/DECREASE key are interacted for control select the displayed parameter according to code FD.01 set monitored parameter of
Data or function code incremented (push continuously to speed stopping status); “M-FUNC” key may not be pushed, but set FD.0.2=1 (monitored
INCREASE key up increasing)
parameter to be displayed automatically in turns), it will display the monitored para
DECREASE key Data or function code decremented (push continuously to speed up -meters in turns every 3 seconds, or push “SHIFT” key to enter into MONITOR menu,
decreasing)
and push ▲ or ▼ key and ENTER key to check each monitored parameter.
5.3 LED and indicator instruction 5.4.2 Display status of running parameters
Five LED indicators: four LED indicators are above of LED,they from left to right in turn After inverter receive the valid running command, it will enter into running
are Hz (freq), A(current), V(voltage), ALM (alarm), one LED indicator is below the left of LED, status, keyboard display the monitored parameters of running status, default is outp
F/R(Indication of forward/reverse rotation). Indication meanings indicated as table 1-2: -ut freq, as picture 1-4, the LED indicator of measurement Hz is lighting.
Table 1-2 LED and Indicator Description
Push “SHIFT” key, to display the monitored data of stopping status in turns (de
-fault setting: monitoring the output freq). for other monitored parameters, please
Item Function description
select the displayed parameter according to code FD.00 set monitored parameter of
LED display Display operating data and setting parameters currently stopping status); “SHIFT” key may not be pushed, but set FD.0.2=1 (monitored par
Display function
Unit of physical parameters/data related to that LED -ameter to be displayed automatically in turns), it will display the monitored param
Hz、A、V
displayed (current: A, voltage: V, Freq: Hz) -eters in turns every 3 seconds, or push “M-FUNC” key to enter into MONITOR me
Alarm indicator, it means the inverter now is in over-current or -nu, and push ▲ or ▼ key and ENTER key to check each monitored parameter.
LED indicator ALM over-voltage fault status or fault alarming status.
F/R RUN ALM Hz A V F/R RUN ALM Hz A V F/R RUN ALM Hz A V
When this indicator is green, inverter run at forward rotation
F/R
When the indicator is red, inverter run at reverse rotation.
A The data displayed in LED is current at Amps, LED indicator A lighting M-FUNC M-FUNC M-FUNC
SHIFT SHIFT SHIFT
JOG JOG JOG
Rotation r/min The data displayed in LED is rotation speed, LED indicators Hz and A lighting ANDELI INVERTER ANDELI INVERTER ANDELI INVERTER
Line speed m/s The data displayed in LED is line speed, LED indicators V and A lighting Picture1-2 Picture1-3 Picture1-4
Temperature ℃ The data displayed in LED is temperature, LED indicators A, Hz and V lighting Picture1-2 Status of parameter displayed at being electrified
Picture 1-3 Status of parameter displayed at stopping
5.4Display status of keyboard Picture 1-4 Status of running parameters displayed
Displayed status of ADL2000 operating panel divided into four kinds: Initializing, Once being electrified, it is initialized and display “P.oFF”, output freq displayed
function code parameters and monitoring data, fault alarm status, data of running at stopping: “0.00”; output displayed at running: “20.00”.
status. After this inverter is electrified, all LED indicators will light, then LED will
5.4.3 The displayed status of fault alarming
display “P.oFF”, then display the setting freq, as picture 1-2.
5.4.1 Display status of the parameters at stopping At fault alarming status the inverter detected fault signal, then enter into the displayed
When inverter at status of stopping, keyboard display monitored data/parameters status of fault alarming, and displayed the fault code (As to Picture 1-5): Push “SHIFT” key
of stopping status, default is digital setting freq, as Picture 1-3, indicator of measu to check the parameters after stopping; if to check fault information, push “PROG” to enter
-rement is Hz on the top of LED. programming status and check D group parameters. After found out and solved the fault, it
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can perform the operation of resetting through “STOP” key, control terminals or communic
-ation command. If the fault still existed, it will remain the display of fault code.
1)Push “PROG” to enter into programming status, LED display parameter F0.00,
F/R RUN ALM Hz A V push PROG key again, LED displayed function parameter d-00, which digit flashed
can be adjusted by pushing ▲ or ▲ key, till the monitored code display d-06.
2)Push ENTER key, it will display the data related to d-06, meanwhile, the LED “A”
of its measurement “Amp” lighting.
M-FUNC
SHIFT
JOG
3)Push PROG key to exit monitoring status.
PROG ENTER
STOP
RUN
RST
ANDELI INVERTER
NOTICES:
For some severe faults such as inversion module protection, over-current, over-vo Methods II:
-ltage and etc problem, before it is confirmed the fault is solved, it must not reset the
1)At the interface of monitoring, directly push “SHIFT” key, firstly LED disp
inverter compulsorily for running again, otherwise it will damage the inverter.
-lay monitoring code d-00, then display its data, push ▲ or ▼ key, at final it can
5.4.4Display status of editing function code
At the status of stopping, running or fault alarming, push “PROG” key, enter into see the monitoring code d-06 and data.
the status of editing (if password set, it can enter into this status only after password 2)Or at detailed monitoring mode, push ENTER key, transfer to next monitored
input and verified successfully, please refer to the description of clause 5.5.3), editing parameter d-xx, push “SHIFT” key to adjust the flashing point at monitoring
status is displayed according to the second menu, like Picture 1-6. Push “ENTER” key code, then push ▲ or ▼ key, till monitoring code display d-06, then follow
to enter into each submenu. At the status of function parameter displayed, push ENTER the operation 2), and 3) or Method I.
key to save the (modified) data of the parameters, if to push PROG key it will not save
the modified data, only return to previous menu.
5.5Operation methods of keyboard
Through keyboard it can perform the operations of inverter, for example:
5.5.1 Read the monitoring data
Example 1: Shift the display of monitored data
At the interface of monitoring, push “SHIFT” key, according to the monitored para-
meter settings of FD group, it will directly shift displaying the data corresponding with
monitored parameter, meanwhile the indicator related to the measurement lighting. Su
-ch as, at the monitoring interface, push SHIFT key to transfer to output freq D-00, the
indicator of measurement “Hz “ will light. Function parameters of this inverter covering function code F0 ~ FF, fault code
E group, monitoring code D group. Each function group includes some function co
SHIFT
-des which marked by use of (Group No + code No), such as “F5.08” stands for No. 8
function code of Group No. 5.
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Example of setting function codes: Example 1: Change user password “22222” to “55555”, then check monitoring code F1.02
Example 1: The freq of jog-for-running forward rotation, 5Hz, changed to 10Hz 1)Push PROG key and enter programming status, LED display function code F0.00, flas
(namely F2.13 = 5Hz, modified as 10.00Hz) -hing point stay at single digit.
1)Push PROG key and enter into programming status, LED display function 2)Push SHIFT key, move the flashing point among hundreds digit, tens digit, and single
parameters F0.00, flashing point at single bit.
digit.
2)Push SHIFT key, move the flashing point among single bit, tens bit, and hun
-dreds bit. 3)Push ▲ or ▼ key to modify the related data. LED display F1.02.
3)Push ▲ and ▼ key to modify the digits of the parameter. LED display F2.13. 4)Push ENTER key, it will display the data of F1.02 “-----“
4)Push ENTER key, it will display the data (5.00) related to the parameter, me 5)Push ENTER key, enter into F1.03, repeat about 2, 3 operations, check the data of F0.00
-asurement is Hz, the corresponding LED will shine. is “00000”
5)Push SHIFT key, flashing point moved to highest digit “5”, push ▲ key five 6)Push ▲ or ▼ key to modify the related data. LED display “22222”, password set succ
times, modified as 10.00
-essfully.
6)Push ENTER key, save the modified data of F2.13 and automatically display
- the next function code (F2.14). 7)Push ENTER key, LED will display “-En--“, meanwhile function code display F0.01
7)Push PROG key, exit the programming status. 8)Repeat the 2, 3 operations, check the data of F0.00 “22222”, modified as “55555”, push
- ENTER key, then password change finished, enter into F0.01
PR OG ENTER 9)Repeat the 2, 3 operations, check the data of F0.02 “0”, modified by use of ▲, ▼ key,
0.00 F0.00 F2.13 5.00
SHIFT 10)Push PROG key, exit the programming status.
ENTER SHIFT
F2.14 10.00 5.00 PR OG ENTER
50.00 F0.00 F1.02 ------
SHIFT
PR OG
EXIT ENTER ENTER
00000 F0.00 F1.03
SHIFT
5.5.3 Operation of entering into editing function code at the case of password set by user.
Password setting is to prevent unauthorized person reading or modifying the function ENTER 1s
22222 -En-- F0.01
parameters. The default setting of user password F0.00 is “00000”, at this status, the user SHIFT
can set parameters (not limited by password protection, but restricted by other conditions
ENTER
including, but not limited to, monitoring parameters and etc to be modifiable or unmodifiable). 55555 00000 F0.00
When user set password, input 5-digit data, push ENTER to confirm, after 1 minute or
power off immediately, the password setting will take effect automatically. If password ENTER ENTER
F0.01 F1.02 0
set wrongly, keyboard display “Err”, at this time if to check other function codes, except SHIFT
for the function code of password (this code display: 00000), all of other function codes PR OG
display “-----“, the user can’t set the proper data for these function codes. After password EXIT
set successfully, keyboard display “-En—“, then it can check, modify the parameters of
Chapter 6 Function and parameter table
other function codes. 6.1Symbol description
When password need be changed, select function code F0.00, push ENTER key to input
the old password, after verified successfully, enter into modification status, input new pa “O ”: means the data of this parameter can be modified at any status.
-ssword, and push ENTER to confirm, password changed successfully, after 1 minute or “X ”: means the data of this parameter can’t be modified at any status.
power off immediately, the password setting will take effect automatically. “◆”: means this data of the parameter can be read only, unmodified.
“◇”: Factory setting data, to be modified only by manufacturer, user not allowed to modify.
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17 Initial freq of DC
F1.12 Maxi freq limit [F1.13] ~ [F1.11] 0.01Hz 50.00 X 32 F2.09 0.00~[F1.11] maxi freq 0.01Hz 0.00 O
braking for stopping
18 F1.13 mini freq limit 0.00Hz ~ [F1.12] 0.01Hz 0.00 X Wait time of DC 0.0 ~ 50.0s 0.10
33 F2.10 0.01s O
F1.14 Speed-up time 1 O braking for stopping
19 0.1 ~3600 0.0S 0.1S As model
DC braking current
34 F2.11 0.0~150.0% rated current of motor 0.1% 0.0% O
20 F1.15 Speed-down time 1 0.1 ~3600 0.0S 0.1S As model O for stopping
DC braking time for 0.0: DC braking, not acting
0: Forward rotation 35 F2.12 0.1s 0.0 O
Setting of rotation stopping 0.1~50.0s
21 F1.16 1: Reverse rotation 1 0 O
direction
2: Reverse rotation forbidden 36 F2.13 Reserved 0
1.0~16.0KHz
0.4~4.0KW 6.0KHz 37 F2.14 Speed up time 2 0.1 As model O
1.0~16.0KHz 0.1~3600.0S
Setting of 5.5~30KW 4.5KHz 38 F2.15 Speed down time 2 0.1 As model O
22 F1.17 carrying 1.0~16.0KHz 0.1KHz As model O
wave freq 37~132KW 3.0KHz 39 F2.16 Speed up time 3 0.1 As model O
1.0~16.0KHz 0.1~3600.0S
160~630KW 1.8KHz 40 F2.17 Speed down time 3 0.1 As model O
1.0~5.0KHz
2 F2 group – Auxiliary running parameters 41 F2.18 Speed up time 4 0.1~3600.0S 0.1 As model O
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57
Time of forward
F2.34 and reverse rotat 0.0 ~ 3600.0s 0.1s 0.0 77 F3.16 Time of PG signal filtration 0.01~10.00s 0.01S 0.10 O
-ion dead zone
O
Shift mode of 0: Shift when freq pass through zero 78 F3.17 Detection time f PG broken line 0.1~10.0S 0.1S 2.0 O
58 F2.35 forward and 1: shift when exceed the startup freq 0 X
reverse rotation 0: Take action to protect and stop freely
59 F2.36 atThreshold of running
zero freq 0.00 ~ 50.00Hz 0.01Hz 0.00 O 79 F3.18 Action of PG broken line 1: Shift to the running mode of open loop current vector 1 2.1 X
60 F2.37 Returnable error at zero freq 0.00 ~ 50.00Hz 0.01Hz 0.00 O 0.0: Protection against broken line forbidden
80 F3.19 Detection value of zero speed 0.1~999.9rpm 0.1 2.2 X
3 F3 group – Motor parameters
4 F4 group – Control parameters of speed, rotation torque and magnetic flux (this group is valid only for current vector control)
61 F3.00 Rated capacity 0.4 ~ 999.9KW 0.1KW As model X
81 Accelerated speed ring
F4.00 (ASR1) 0.001 1.000 O
proportional gain 0.000~6.000
62 F3.01 Rated freq 0.01Hz ~ [F1.11] Maxi output freq 0.01Hz 50.00 X
82 F4.01 Accelerated speed ring 0.000~32.000S 0.001S 1.000 O
As model (ASR1) integral time
63 F3.02 Rated rotation speed 0~36000RPM 1RPM X
83 F4.02 ASR1 wave filtration 0.000~0.100s 0.001S 0.000 O
64 F3.03 Rated voltage 0~999V 1V As model X time constant
84 F4.03 Shift low point freq 0.00Hz~[F4.07] 0.01Hz 5.00 O
65 F3.04 Rated current 0.1~6553.5A 0.1A As model X Accelerated speed ring
85 F4.04 0.000~6.000 0.001 1.500 O
(ASR2) proportional gain
66 F3.05 Stator resistance 0.001~30.000Ω 0.001Ω As model X
86 F4.05 Accelerated speed ring 0.000~32.000S 0.001S 0.200 O
0.001Ω As model (ASR2) integral time
67 F3.06 Rotor resistance 0.001~30.000Ω X
87 F4.06 ASR2 wave filtration
time constant 0.000~0.100s 0.001S 0.000 O
68 F3.07 Inductance of Stator, rotor 0.1~6553.5mH 0.1mH As model X
Mutual inductance F4.07 Shift high point freq [F4.03] ~ [F1.11]
69 F3.08 0.1~6553.5mH 0.1mH As model X 88
Maxi output freq
0.01Hz 10.00 O
of stator, rotor
Compensation coefficient
70 F3.09 No load current 0.01 ~ [F3.04] 0.01A As model X 89 F4.08 for rotation error at vector control 50.0%~200.0% 0.1% 100.0% O
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4 F4 group –Control parameters of speed, rotation torque and magnetic flux 5 F5 group – V/F Control parameters
Function Default Modifiable No Function Miniunit Default Modifiable
No Description Setting range Miniunit Description Setting range
code setting or not code setting or not
5 F5 group – V/F Control parameters 6 F6 group – Analog value and pulse input and output parameters
6 F6 group – Analog value and pulse input and output parameters Filtration time of 0.00s~10.00S 0.10
132 F6.11 0.01S O
AI2 input
0: Speed command (output freq, 0: Speed command (output freq,
-100.0% ~ 100.0%) -100.0% ~ 100.0%)
1: Rotation torque command (output 1: Rotation torque command (output rotation
rotation torque, -200.0% ~ 200.0%) Physical value of torque, -220.0% ~ 200.0%)
2: Voltage command (output voltage, 133 F6.12 exterior pulse input When it is speed command, maxi value is 1 0 X
Physical value 0.0% ~ 200.0%) 100.0%;
121 F6.00 1 0 X When it is rotation torque command, maxi
of AI1 input When it is speed command, maxi value
is 100.0%; value is 220.0%
When it is rotation torque command,
maxi value is 220.0%; Mini limit of exterior
134 F6.13 pulse input 0.00~50.00KHz 0.01kHz 0.00 O
When it is voltage command, maxi value
is 200.0%; Setting for physical
122 F6.01 Mini limit of AI1 input 0.00V/0.00mA ~ 10.00V/20.00mA 0.01V 0.00 O 135 F6.14 value of exterior pu -220.0%~220.0% 0.1% 0.0% O
-lse input mini limit
Setting for physical value Maxi limit of exterior
123 F6.02 of AI1 mini limit -220.0%~220.0% 0.1% 0.0% O 0.00~50.00KHz 0.01kHz 20.00 O
136 F6.15 pulse input
124 F6.03 Maxi limit of AI1 input 0.00V/0.00mA~ 10.00V/20.00mA 0.01V 10.00 O Setting for physical value of
137 F6.16 exterior pulse input maxi limit -220.0%~220.0% 0.1% 100.0% O
Setting for physical
125 F6.04
value of AI1 maxi limit -220.0%~220.0% 0.1% 100.0% O
Setting for physical value of
Filtration time 138 F6.17 exterior pulse input maxi limit 0.00s~10.00S 0.01S 0.10 O
126 F6.05 0.00s~10.00S 0.01S 0.10 O
of AI1 input
0: Speed command (output freq, -100.0% ~ 100.0%) Filtration time of 0: Output freq (before compensation of rotation error)
139 F6.18 1 0 O
1: Rotation torque command (output rotation torque, exterior pulse input 1: Output freq (after compensation of rotation error)
-200.0% ~ 200.0%) 2: Set freq 3: Rotation speed of motor
2: Voltage command (output voltage, 0.0% ~ 200.0%) The function selection 4: Output current 5: Output voltage
127 F6.06 Physical value 1 0 X 140 F6.19 of AO2 multifunctional 1 1 O
of AI2 input When it is speed command, maxi value is 100.0%; analog output terminal 6: Busbar voltage 7: AI1 8: AI2
When it is rotation torque command, maxi value is 9: Input pulse freq
The function selection
220.0%; 141 F6.20 of DO multifunctional 10: Current of rotation torque 1 9 O
When it is voltage command, maxi value is 200.0%; pulse output terminal 11: Current of magnetic flux
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142 F6.21 Mini limit of AO1 output -220.0%~220.0% 0.1% 0.0% 14: Multi-stage select 2
15: Multi-stage select 3
143 F6.22 AO1 output of mini limit 0.00V/0.00mA ~10.00V/20.00mA 0.01V 0.00 Input terminal X4 function 16: Multi-stage select 4 0 x
158 F7.03 17: Main freq passage select 1 (reserved)
1
144 F6.23 Maxi limit of AO1 output -220.0%~220.0% 0.1% 100.0% 18: Main freq passage select 2 (reserved)
19: Main freq passage select 3 (reserved)
145 F6.24 AO1 output of maxi limit 0.00V/0.00mA ~10.00V/20.00mA 0.01V 10.00 20: Main freq passage select 4 (reserved)
21: Reserved 22: Reserved
146 F6.25 Mini limit of AO2 output -220.0%~220.0% 0.1% 0.0% 23: Select of speed up/down time TT1
Input terminal X5 function 24: Select of speed up/down time TT2 x
159 F7.04 1 7
147 F6.26 AO2 output of mini limit 0.00V/0.00mA ~10.00V/20.00mA 0.01V 0.00 25: Select of passage for running command 1
26: Select of passage for running command 2
148 F6.27 Maxi limit of AO2 output -220.0%~220.0% 0.1% 100.0% 27: Command of forbidding inverter speed up/down
28: Command of forbidding inverter running
149 F6.28 AO2 output of maxi limit 0.00V/0.00mA ~10.00V/20.00mA 0.01V 10.00 29: Running command transferred to terminal
30: Running command transferred to communication
150 F6.29 Mini limit of DO output -220.0%~220.0% 0.1% 0.0% Input terminal X6 function 31: Clear auxiliary freq 1 47 x
160 F7.05
(HDI hi-speed input) 32: Shift between freq source A and B
151 F6.30 DO output of mini limit 0.00~50.00KHz 0.01KHz 0.00 33: Shift between freq source A and A+B
34: Reserved 35: Reserved
152 F6.31 Maxi limit of DO output -200.0%~200.0% 0.1% 100.0% 36: PID control paused
37: Pendulum freq control in service
153 F6.32 DO output of maxi limit 0.00~50.00KHz 0.01KHz 20.00 38: Pendulum freq control paused
39: Pendulum freq status Reset
161 F7.06 Input terminal X7 function 1 0 x
154 F6.33 Maxi deviation of analog input 0.00V ~ 1.00V 0.01V 0.02 40: PLC control in service
41: PLC paused 42: PLC reset
7 43: Input of signal of counter cleared
44: Input of signal of touching off counter
0: Control terminal idle 45: Input of timing touching off
1: Forward running (FWD)
155 F7.00 Input terminal X1 function 2: Reverse running (REV) 1 1 x 46: Input of timing cleared
3: Three-line running control
162 F7.07 Input terminal X8 function 47: Input of exterior pulse freq (valid only for X6) 1 0 x
4: Control of jog-for forward running
5: Control of jog-for reverse running
48: Command of pre-excitation
6: Control of free stopping 49: Shift between controls of speed and rotation torque
7: Input of exterior reset signal (RST)
156 F7.01 Input terminal X2 function 8: Input of exterior signal from
1 2 x 50: Rotation torque control forbidden
NO contact due to abnormal fault
9: Input of exterior signal from 163 F7.08 Times of switching value filtered 1~10 1: unit of 4MS scanning time. 1 5
termination NO contact
10: Command of freq ascending
157 F7.02 Input terminal X3 function 11: Command of freq descending 1 4 x Select of inspection on 0: Terminal running command is invalid when being electrified
12: UP/DOWN terminal freq cleared 164 F7.09 terminal functions when 1 0
13: Multi-stage select 1 1: Terminal running command is valid when being electrified
being electrified
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0: No output 1: Inverter run at forward direction 181 F7.26 Setting of FDT2 level
1 0 X 0.00Hz ~ [F1.12] 0.01KHz 25.00 O
Setting of open 2: Inverter run at reverse rotation
173 F7.18 collector output 3: Fault output
4: Detection signal of freq/speed level (FDT1) 182 F7.27 FDT2 lag value 0.0%~100.0% * [F7.26] 0.1% 4.0% O
terminal Y1
5: Detection signal of freq/speed level (FDT2)
6: Freq / speed arrival signal (FAR) 183 F7.28 Setting of resetting value of counter[7.29] ~ 65535 0 1 O
7: Indication of inverter run at zero rotation speed
8: Maxi limit of output freq reached
184 F7.29 Setting of detection value for counter0 ~ [F7.28] 1 0 O
Setting of open 9: Mini limit of output freq reached
174 F7.19 collector output 10: Inverter overload alarming signal 1 0 X
11: Output of counter detection signal 185 F7.30 Setting fixed time 0~65535s 1S 0 O
terminal Y2 12: Output of counter reset signal
13: Inverter ready for running 8 F8 group – PID control parameters
14: Running of programmable multi-stage speeds
Selection of 0: Digit given
finished at one period 1: AI1 2:AI2
186 F8.00 passage for 1 0 O
15: Running of programmable multi-stage speeds 3: Pulse given
175 F7.20 Output of program finished step by step 1 3 X PID given 4: RS485 communication give
-mable relay R1
16: Pendulum freq maxi and mini limited Setting of
187 F8.01 given data
0.0~100.0% 0.1% 0.0% O
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190 F8.04 Proportional gain KP 0.01~100.00 0.01 1.00 O 0: Restart from first stage
1: Start from the stage of stopping
191 F8.05 Integral time Ti 0.01~10.00s 0.01s 0.10 O 208 F9.03 PLC startup mode due to fault 1 0 X
2: Start from the stage and freq of
0: when freq reach maxi/mini limit, stopping due fault.
Select of integral stop integral adjustment
192 F8.06 1 0 X 209 F9.04 Number of limited cycles 0~65535 1 0 O
adjustment 1: when freq reach maxi/mini limit,
continue integral adjustment
210 F9.05 Select of measurement 0: s 1: min. 0
1 X
Differential 0.01~10.00s for PLC running time
193 F8.07 0.01s 0.00 O
time Td 0.0: Non 211 F9.06 Multi-stage speed freq 0 -100.0~100.0%[F1.12] maxi freq 0.1% 10.0% O
0.01~10.00s
194 F8.08 Sampling period T 0.01s 0.10 O 212 F9.07 Multi-stage freq 1 -100.0~100.0%[F1.12] maxi freq 0.1% 20.0% O
0.00: Auto
195 F8.09 Deviation limit 0.0~100.0% 0.1% 2.0% O 213 F9.08 Multi-stage freq 2 -100.0~100.0%[F1.12] maxi freq 0.1% 30.0% O
Close loop
196 F8.10 presetting freq 0.03600.0S 0.01Hz 0.00 O 214 F9.09 Multi-stage freq3 -100.0~100.0%[F1.12] maxi freq 0.1% 40.0% O
197 F8.11 Duration of presetting freq 0.00~Maxi freq limit 0.1s 0.0 X 215 F9.10 Multi-stage freq4 -100.0~100.0%[F1.12] maxi freq 0.1% 50.0% O
0: Invalid 1: Common mode 216 F9.11 Multi-stage freq5 -100.0~100.0%[F1.12] maxi freq 0.1% 60.0% O
198 F8.12 PID sleeping mode 1 2 X
2: Disturbance mode
217 F9.12 Multi-stage freq6 -100.0~100.0%[F1.12] maxi freq 0.1% 80.0% O
199 F8.13 Sleeping stop mode 0: Speed reduction for stop, 1: free stop 1 0 O
218 F9.13 Multi-stage freq7 -100.0~100.0%[F1.12] maxi freq 0.1% 100.0% O
200 F8.14 Deviation limit of 0.0~30.0% 0.1% 5.0% O
disturbance mode
219 F9.14 Multi-stage freq8 -100.0~100.0%[F1.12] maxi freq 0.1% 0.0% O
201 F8.15 Sleeping threshold 0.00~10.00V 0.01V 10.00 O
220 F9.15 Multi-stage freq9 -100.0~100.0%[F1.12] maxi freq 0.1% 0.0% O
202 F8.16 Wakeup threshold 0.00~10.00V 0.01V 0.00 O
221 F9.16 Multi-stage freq10 -100.0~100.0%[F1.12] maxi freq 0.1% 0.0% O
203 F8.17 Sleep delay 1.0~3600.0s 0.1S 100.0 O
204 F8.18 Wakeup delay 1.0~3600.0s 0.1S 5.0 O 222 F9.17 Multi-stage freq11 -100.0~100.0%[F1.12] maxi freq 0.1% 0.0% O
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9 F9 group – Multi-stage speed, PLC running, pendulum freq and fixed length control parameters 9 F9 group – Multi-stage speed, PLC running, pendulum freq and fixed length control parameters
Function Default Modifiable No Function Miniunit Default Modifiable
No Description Setting range Miniunit Description Setting range
code setting or not code setting or not
223 F9.18 Multi-stage freq 12 -100.0~100.0%[F1.12] maxi freq 0.1% 0.0% O 243 F9.38 Speed up/down time of 8-stage 0~3 1 0 O
224 F9.19 Multi-stage freq 13 -100.0~100.0%[F1.12] maxi freq 0.1% 0.0% O 244 F9.39 Running time of 8-stage 0.0~6553.5s (M) 0.1s(m) 0.0 O
225 F9.20 Multi-stage freq 14 -100.0~100.0%[F1.12] maxi freq 0.1% 0.0% O 245 F9.40 Speed up/down time of 9-stage 0~3 1 0 O
226 F9.21 Multi-stage freq 15 -100.0~100.0%[F1.12] maxi freq 0.1% 0.0% O 246 F9.41 Running time of 9-stage 0.0~6553.5s (M) 0.1s(m) 0.0 O
227 F9.22 Speed up/down time of 0-stage 0~3 1 0 O 247 F9.42 Speed up/down time of 10-stage 0~3 O
1 0
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9 F9 group – Multi-stage speed, PLC running, pendulum freq and fixed length control parameters 9 F9 group – Multi-stage speed, PLC running, pendulum freq and fixed length control parameters
110~150% * rated busbar voltage 135%/ 292 FA.20 Detection value of feeding 0.0~100.0% 0.1% 0 .0 % O
277 FA.05 Over-voltage limit level (537V/311V)
1% X back the line broken
122%
278 FA.06 Reserved 0 293 FA.21 Detection time of feedback 0.0~3600.0s 0.1S 10.0 O
the line broken
0: Forbidden Select of protection 0: execute protection and free strop
Select of the action 1: Valid all the way
279 FA.07 2: Invalid in case of running 1 1 X 294 FA.22 against abnormality 1: Alarm and keep running at current status 1 1 X
for current limit at constant speed
of RS485 communication 2: Alarm and stop according to the set mode
Current limit level 80% ~ 200% * rated current of inverter 160%/ Detection time of RS485
280 FA.08 (speed up, constant speed) Note: this function only for VF control 1% X 295 FA.23 0.0~100.0s 0.1S 5.0 X
120% communication overtime
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Selection of protection 0: execute protection and free strop 310 FC.02 Acting ratio of energy braking 10~100% 1% 100.0% O
297 FA.25 against over-speed 1: Alarm and reduce speed to stop 1 2 X
(reserved) 2: Alarm and keep running at current status 311 FC.03 Energy saving auto control 0: invalid 1: valid 1 0 O
298 FA.26 Detection value of over 0.0~50.0% * maxi output freq 0.1% 0.0% O 312 FC.04 Selection of magnetic flux braking 0~100 0: this braking invalid 1 0 x
-speed (reserved)
Wait time of
Detection time of over 313 FC.05 rotation speed track 0.1~5.0s 0.1s 1.0 x
299 FA.27 -speed (reserved) 0.0~100.0s 0.1s 5.0 O
314 FC.06 Tracking speed of rotation speed 1~100 1 30 x
Selection of protection 0: execute protection and free strop
1: Alarm and reduce speed to stop 0 X 0: Forbidden
300 FA.28 action against too large 1
speed deviation (reserved) 2: Alarm and keep running at current status 315 FC.07 Set of restart after power off 1: Start from the startup freq 1 0 x
2: Rotation tracked for starting
Detection value of too
301 FA.29 large speed deviation (reserved) 0.0~50.0% * maxi output freq 0.1% 0.0% O 316 FC.08 Wait time of restart after power off 0.0~60.0s 0.1s 5.0 x
302 FA.30
Detection time of too large
0.0~100.0s 0.1s 0.5 O 317 FC.09 Times of auto resetting fault 0~100, 1 0 O
speed deviation (reserved) set 100, means times or resetting not limited,
Interval between two x
B FB group – RS485 communication parameters 318 FC.10 times of resetting fault 0.1~100.0s 0.1 1.0
0: Auto control
303 FB.00 This machine address 0: Host station 1~247: Slave stations 1 1 X 319 FC.11 Control of cooling fan 1 0 O
1: Always running at time of being electrified
0: 2400BPS 1: 4800BPS 0: PWM mode 1: Fixed PWM,
304 FB.01 Setting of Baud rate 2: 9600BPS 3: 19200BPS 1 3 X adjust related to temperature
4: 38400BPS 5: 115200BPS 1: PWM mode 2: Free PWM,
Control mode of adjust related to temperature
320 FC.12 carrying 2: PWM mode 1: Fixed PWM, 1 1 x
0: No checksum (N, 8, 1) for RTU wave
1: Even parity (E, 8, 1) for RTU adjust not related to temperature
2: Odd parity (O, 8, 1) for RTU 3: PWM mode 2: Free PWM, adjust
3: No checksum (N, 8, 2) for RTU not related to temperature
4: Even parity (E, 8, 2) for RTU 0: Invalid
305 FB.02 Data format 5: Odd parity (O, 8, 2) for RTU 1 0 X
321 FC.13 Self adjustment of carrying wave 1: This parameter only valid for asynchronous 1 1 x
6: No checksum (N, 8, 1) for ASCII
7: Even parity (E, 7, 1) for ASCII modulation when being adjusted at low freq.
8: Odd parity (O, 7, 1) for ASCII 322 FC.14 Over-modulated running 0: invalid 1: valid 1 1 x
ASCII mode reserved temporarily
323 FC.15 Password of limiting running 0~65535 1 0 O
306 FB.03 Delay of answer of this machine 0~200ms 1ms 5 X
324 FC.16 Select of running limit 0: Unable 1: Running limited 1 0 x
Treatment of 0: Response for writing
307 FB.04 1 0 X
transmission response 1: No response for writing 325 FC.17 Limited time 0~65535 (h) 1 0 x
Setting of energy 0: Invalid 1: Valid always
308 FC.00 braking function
2: Valid only at speed reduction
1 2 O 326 FC.18 Control of compensation 0: Unable 1 1 x
for dead zone 1: Mode 1
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C FC group – Supper function parameters D FD group – Display and system management parameters
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E-04 Over-voltage of running at speeding up A-17 Pre-alarm the fault of RS485 communication
E-05 Over-voltage of running at speeding down A-21 Pre-alarm the fault of reading / writing EEPROM
E-06 Over-voltage of running at constant speed A-23 Pre-alarm the fault of PID feedback broken line
E-07 Busbar under-voltage A-24 Pre-alarm the running limit
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7.1F0 Group -System management parameters This control mode is one of most common way to control motor. Under this mode, when the
user choose auto rising rotation torque (F5.07 = 0), it is requested to drive one motor only. In this
7.1 F0 Group – System management parameters
case it can also get the good control performance through self-learning the motor parameters.
User password The mode of manual rising rotation (F5.07 not set as 0), generally used for the motor with un
F0.00 0~655350 -known parameters, or to drive several motors. In all cases that do not need high control performa
0
0~9 no password 0 -nce, it can adopt VF control mode + manual rising torque.
User password setting is used to forbid the unauthorized person to read and modify the 1: No PG magnetic flux vector control (Not sensitive to motor parameters)
parameters.
If password not needed, please set this code as 0. Namely no speed sensor vector control mode, used in such application of high performance
If password needed, input 5-digit data, push ENTER key to confirm, one minute later it will take
into effect automatically. general use changeable speed. This control mode is not sensitive to motor parameters, need not
If password need to be changed, select function code F0.00, push ENTER key to enter into the know many motor parameters, just ensure their capacity is matched, so it can get good control pe
status of verifying password, input old password, after successful verification, enter into modific
-ation status, input new password, and push ENTER to confirm, one minute later it will take into -rformance, certainly it can be better after motor parameters are self learnt.
effect automatically. 2: No PG current vector control (Sensitive to motor parameters)
The true current vector control mode, beside it has high rotation torque output as magnetic flux co
REMIND: User should keep the password well, if missed, please consult with manufacturer.
-ntrol mode, furthermore it can perform flexible torque output, but this mode is sensitive to motor
parameters, it’s better to self-learn the motor parameters, otherwise performance is bad.
User password
F0.01 3:PG current vector control
0~655350
0~9 no password 0 0 It has better dynamic feature and control accuracy compared with no PG vector control modes.
0: G type (For the load with constant rotation torque)
1: P type (For fan, water pump and etc load)
This inverter is integrated with G/P type, namely G type can be used as P type ! CAUTION: 1. PG is the photoelectric speed detection pulse coder
of higher graded capacity. When it drive the fan or water pump with higher capacity, 2.When to select vector control mode, before the first running, please perform auto
please set this parameter as 1. reading and setting motor parameters correctly. Once this process finished, the set
-ting parameters and motor data will be saved in control panel for reference of con
Power specification of inverter
F0.02 -trol running.
0.4~999.9KW G/P As to model 3.It has to set the correct data of speed adjuster, to ensure reliably steady and dyna
-mic control performances. The setting and adjustment of speed adjuster refer to
Control software version
F0.03 the instruction of F4 function code.
1.00~99.99 2.00 4.When to select vector control mode, one inverter can control one motor only; the
rated capacity between motor and inverter can’t have big difference, motor capac
Panel software version
F0.04 ity allowed to have two stage of smaller or one stage of larger than inverter capacity,
1.00~99.99 2.00 otherwise control performance will drop down, or driving system can’t run normally.
The above function codes are used to indicate the related information of inverter,
only for reading, unmodified. Select of passage for running command
F1.00
7.2 F1 Group – Basic running parameters 0~2 0
Control mode This function code is used to select the physical passage of inverter receiving the
F1.00
0~3 0 perating commands of running and stopping and etc
0: Passage of operating command through operating panel
0: V/F control Controlled by RUN, STOP/RESET, M-FUNC and etc keys on the panel
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1: Passage of operating command through terminals DC0~10V, the corresponding setting defined in function code F6.06 ~ F6.11.
Controlled by the multifunctional terminals defined as FWD, REV, 5:Pulse given
JOG - FWD, JOG – REV and etc.
2:Passage of operating command through communication Freq setting determined by terminal pulse freq (input only by X6, check F7.05 definition), ratings of input pulse
Controlled by host machine through communication signal: high potential scope: 15~30V, freq range: 0 ~ 50KHz. The related setting refer to the definition of F6.12~F6.17.
CAUTION: Even if during running, it still can change the passage of operat 6:Simple PLC setting
! -ing command through modifying the setting value of this fun Select simple PLC set the freq, need define function code F9.00~F9.05; F9.06~F9.21 determine the running freq
-ction code. Please take care of this setting.
at each stage under PLC mode, function code F9.22~F9.53 determine the speed up/down time and running time at
Select of main freq source A each stage.
F1.02
0~8 0 7:Setting of multi-stage running
0:Digit given 1 (Panel ▲/▼ keys, coder) If select this setting mode, the inverter will run at multi-stage. It need define F7 group “X terminal as setting of mu-
The initial value of freq setting corresponds to F1.07, adjusted by operating panel ▲/▼ lti-stage speed” and determine the relation between the stages and given freq in F9 group “Freq of multi-stage speed”.
keys or digital coder. The modified freq value will be saved in function code F1.07 when 8:Setting of PID control
power off (if do not want to save this freq setting, then it can realize through modifying the
This mode selected, namely the inverter will run at PID control mode. At this case, it need set F8 group “PID para
setting of F1.05 as 1 or 3)
1:Digit given 2 (adjusted by UP/DOWN terminals) -meters” and the related function codes of analog given and pulse given. The running freq of inverter is the value
The initial value of freq setting corresponds to F1.08, the running freq will be changed by after PID takes into effect. Setting in details refers to the description of F8 group function codes.
closing or opening the multifunctional terminals defined as UP/DOWN (please read the
freq ascending and descending of F7 group X terminals), when UP terminal closed with Select of Auxiliary freq source B
F1.03
COM terminal, freq increased, DOWN terminal closed with COM, freq decreased; both 0~8 (Same as the selection main freq source) 0
UP/DOWN terminals closed or opened with COM, the freq remain unchanged. If the user
set the function code of freq setting saved in case of power off, then the modified freq will The meanings of passages for auxiliary freq given and main freq given are same, please refer to the details of F1.02.
be saved in F1.08. The modified speed through UP/DOWN terminals can be set through F7.12.
The giving methods of freq source
F1.04
REMIND: 0~7 0
No matter being adjusted through (▲/▼) key in panel or terminals UP/DOWN,
the setting will be the value of data of F1.07 or F1.08 plus an adjusted step, final out 0: Main freq source A
-put freq will be the value from mini freq limit to maxi freq limit, the adjusted step of 1: A + B
terminal UP/DOWN can be cleared through selecting “freq of UP/DOWN terminals Freq given by main freq passage A and Freq given by auxi freq passage B, multiplied
by itsowned weighing coefficient K1, K2 respectively, and then summed up, the summed
rest to zero (data cleared)”. The adjusted step of operating panel can also be cleared value used as final given freq.
through M-FUNC key selecting “setting of freq clearing by (▲/▼) key”. 2: A- B
2:Digit given 3 (setting of communication) Freq given by main freq passage A and Freq given by auxi freq passage B, multiplied
Modify the setting freq through the command from serial port, please read the desc by its owned weighing coefficient K1, K2 respectively, and then subtracted, the resulted
-ription of FB group parameters value used as final given freq.
3:AI1 analog give (0~10V/20mA) 3: | A - B|
Freq given by main freq passage A and Freq given by auxi freq passage B, multiplied
Freq setting performed by analog voltage/current from AI1 terminal, input scope: DC0
by its owned weighing coefficient K1, K2 respectively, subtracted, and the absolute value
~10V/20mA(CN9 jump wire selected),the corresponding setting defined in function of the result is used as final given freq.
code F6.00 ~ F6.05. 4: Max (A, B)
4:AI2 analog give (0~10V) Select the bigger one between Freq given by main freq passage A and Freq given
Freq setting performed by analog voltage/current from AI2 terminal, input scope: by auxi freq passage B
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5: Min (A, B) 0:Saved w hen i nverter p ower f ailed , r emained w hen s topping
Select the smaller one between Freq given by main freq passage A and Freq W hen i nverter h appens t o p ower f ailure o r u nder -v oltage , F 1 . 08 w ill r efresh
given by auxi freq passage B a utomatically a t the p resent s etting f req ; w hen i nverter i s s topped , t he f req s etting
v alue i s t he f inal m odified d ata .
6: Shift between A and B
1 : Unsaved w hen i nverter p ower f ailed , r emained w hen s topping
This function shall cooperate with Item NO. 32 of X1~X8 in F7 group, when
W hen i nverter h appens t o p ower f ailure o r u nder -v oltage , F 1 . 08 w ill r emain u nc
F1.04 = 6, and X terminal set as 32, X terminals are valid, freq given source chan -hanged ; w hen i nverter i s s topped , t he f req s etting v alue i s t he f inal m odified d ata .
-ged from A to B; when X terminals are invalid, freq source returned to A. 2 : Saved w hen i nverter p ower f ailed , N ot r emained w hen s topping
7: Shift between A and (A+B) W hen inverter h appens t o p ower f ailure o r u nder -v oltage , F 1 . 08 w ill r efresh a ut
This function shall cooperate with Item NO. 33 of X1~X8 in F7 group, when -omatically a t the p resent s etting f req ; w hen i nverter i s s topped , a utomatically r eset
F1.04 = 7, and X terminal set as 33, X terminals are valid, freq given source chan t he f req s etting v alue t o F 1 . 08 .
-ged from A to A+B; when X terminals are invalid, freq source returned to A. 3 : Unsaved w hen i nverter p ower f ailed , N ot r emained w hen s topping
W hen inverter h appens t o p ower f ailure o r u nder -v oltage , F 1 . 08 w ill r emain u nch
the value of given freq will be still influenced by startup freq, -anged ; w hen i nverter i s s topped , a utomatically r eset t he f req s etting v alue t o F 1 . 08 .
!CAUTION: and limited by maxi and mini freq, the negative or positive value
of freq determine the running direction of inverter.
Digit given 1 of freq source
F1.07
Data given 1 control 0.00Hz ~ [F1.12] 50. 00
F1.05
0~2 0
When freq passage determined by digit given 1 (main freq source is 0 and auxi freq source is 0),
the data of this function code become initial setting freq given by operating panel of inverter.
This function code define when the freq given (main freq source is 0 and auxi freq source is 1) by operating
panel is changed the saving status after inverter power failed, and the status of freq remaining at restarting after Digit given 2 of freq source
F1.08
stopped. 0:Saved when inverter power failed, remained when stopping 0.00Hz ~ [F1.12] 50.00
When inverter happens to power failure or under-voltage, F1.07 will refresh automatically at the present set
-ting freq; when inverter is stopped, the freq setting value is the final modified data. When freq passage determined by digit given 2 (main freq source is 1 and auxi freq source is
1), the data of this function code become initial setting freq given by terminals of inverter.
1: Unsaved when inverter power failed, remained when stopping
When inverter happens to power failure or under-voltage, F1.07 will remain unchanged; when inverter is stopp Set weighting coefficient K1 of main freq source
-ed, the freq setting value is the final modified data. F1.09
0.01~10.0 1.00
2: Saved when inverter power failed, Not remained when stopping
When inverter happens to power failure or under-voltage, F1.07 will refresh automatically at the present setting K1 is weighing coefficient of main freq source, when F1.04 is 1, 2, or 3 it is valid.
freq; when inverter is stopped, automatically reset the freq setting value to F1.07. Set weighting coefficient K2 of main freq source
3: Unsaved when inverter power failed, Not remained when stopping F1.10
0.01~10.0 1.00
When inverter happens to power failure or under-voltage, F1.07 will remain unchanged; when inverter is stopped,
automatically reset the freq setting value to F1.07. K2 is weighing coefficient of auxi freq source, when F1.04 is 1, 2, or 3 it is valid.
This function code define when the freq given (main freq source is 1 and auxi freq Maxi freq limit
F1.12
source is 2) by operating panel is changed the saving status after inverter power failed, [F1.13] ~ [F1.11] 50. 00
and the status of freq remaining at restarting after stopped.
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Output freq
Mini freq limit
F1.13
Maxi output freq
0.00Hz ~ [F1.12] 0.00
Maxi output freq is the largest permissible output of the inverter, is the base for setting the time Picture F1-2 Illustration of speed up
of speeding up/down, as indicated in the following picture fmax; basic operating freq is the min value time and speed down time
corresponding to highest output voltage of the inverter, generally it is rated freq of motor, as indicated
in the following picture fb; maxi output voltage Vmax is the output based on basic operating freq of in
-verter, generally it is rated voltage of motor; as indicated in the following picture Vmax, fH, fL is def t1 t2 Time
-ined as max freq limit and mini freq limit respectively, as indicated in the following picture F1-1.
Output voltage
Vmax Set of rotation direction
F1.16
0~2 0
0:Forward rotation
During this mode, the output phase sequence of inverter is same as the default of system.
At this case, R U N key and FWD terminal are used for control of forward rotation.
Picture F1-1 Illustration of voltage and freq 1:Reverse rotation
fL fb fH fmax Output freq During this mode, the output phase sequence of inverter is opposite to the default of system.
At this case, R U N key and FWD terminal are used for control of reverse rotation.
1.Maxi output freq, maxi freq limit, mini freq limit shall be carefully set according to the rated
! parameters of the controlled motor and actual working conditions, otherwise it may lead device
2:Reverse rotation forbidden
At any status, the motor can run only at forward rotation. This function is suitable for where
CAUTION to being damaged.
the reverse rotation will result in danger or damage. If command of reverse is given, inverter
2.Limit scope of maxi freq is valid for JOG running, but limit scope of mini freq isinvalid for
will run at zero speed.
JOG running.
3.Besides the limit of maxi and mini freq, output freq of inverter will be limited by the settings
of startup freq, initial freq of DC braking for stop, jumping freq and etc parameters. This setting of function code is valid for controlling rotation direction under all
4.The relation curve between maxi output freq, maxi and mini freq limits indicated as above REMIND: passages of running commands.
picture F1-1, please care for the sequence when to set.
5.Maix and mini freq used to limit the actual output freq of motor, if setting valuelarger than Setting of carrying wave freq
maxi limit, it will run at maxi freq, if setting value less than mini limit, it will run at mini freq F1.17
(the running status when setting value less than mini limit also is related to the setting of F2.31); 1.0~16.0KHz As to model
if setting freq less than startup freq, then it will run at zero freq when starting.
0.4~4.0KW 6.0KHz 1.0~16.0KHz
5.5~30KW 4.5KHz 1.0~16.0KHz
Speed-up time 1
F1.14
0.1~3600.0S As to model 37~132KW 3.0KHz 1.0~10.0KHz
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Initial freq of DC
braking for stopping
ts te te ts
Running
t1 time Output current
t2
(RMS)
Picture F2-4Illustration of speed up/down at straight line and S curve
Wait time of DC
Ratio of time for starting stage at S curve braking for stopping
F2.06
10.0~50.0% 20.0% DC braking accumulation value
See the description of speed up/down at S curve in F2.05. Picture F2-5 Illustration of DC braking for stopping
Speed up time 4
F2.18 Freq
0.1~3600.0 As to model
f1
Speed down time 4
F2.19
0.1~3600.0 As to model t1 t2 t3
t1 t2 t3 t4 Time
It can define four kinds of speed up/down time, and select the time of speed up/down through
the different combination of control terminals, please refer to the description of F.00~F7.07.
Command of Jog
-for-run at forward f2
Command of Jog-
direction
REMIND: Time of speed up/down defined in F1.14 and F1.15. for-run at reverse
direction
0: Run at mini limit freq input reach or exceed the Ib, and the setting freq reach up to fb, the motor start rotating,
When setting freq is lower than mini freq limit (F1.13), inverter will run at mini freq limit. and accelerate till the freq that the analog AI1 current input correspond to.
1: Stop after delayed time Stop procedure: when AI1 current drop down to Ib during running, the inverter will not
When setting freq is lower than mini freq limit (F1.13), inverter will stop after the delayed stop immediately, only after AI1 current decreased to Ia, and the related setting freq is fa, th
time defined in F2.33 -en the inverter stop the output. Herein fb defined as threshold of running at zero freq, in
2: Run at zero speed after delayed time F2.36, fb-fa defined as returnable error, in code F2.37.
When setting freq is lower than mini freq limit (F1.13), inverter will run after the delayed Ai1current input
time defined in F2.33.
Imax
After delayed time it will stop or run at zero speed when freq lower than mini limit (simply suspended)
F2.33 Ib
Ic
0.1~3600.0s 0.0 Ia
Imin
The details see as F2.32
Time of forward and reverse rotation dead zone Fmin Fmax Initial setting freq
F2.34
Actual setting freq
0.1~3600.0s 0.0
The wait time of the inverter transfer from forward rotation to reverse rotation,
or contrarily, t1 indicated as followed picture. Its transitional wait freq is also rel
-ated to the setting of F2.35.
Output freq
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7.4F3 Motor parameters R1, X11, R2, X21, Xm, Io in Picture F3-1 stands respectively for: stator resistance, leakage inductive
reactance of stator, rotor resistance, leakage inductive reactance of rotor, mutual inductive reactance, no
Rated capacity
F3.00 -load current. Function code F3.07 defined as the sum-up of leakage inductive reactance and mutual indu
0.4~999.9KW As to model ctive reactance of stator and rotor.
Rated freq If motor tuning required, after finish the tuning, setting values of F3.05~F3.09 will be updated.
F3.01 After modifying the rated capacity of motor, the setting values of F3.02 ~F3.04 will be automatically re
0.01Hz~【F1.11】 50.00 placed by the new data corresponding to default of asynchronous motor (F3.01 is ratedcapacity of motor,
Rated rotation speed beyond the default parameters, user shall set it according to the nameplate ofmotor).
F3.02
0~36000RPM As to model
Selection of tuning
F3.10
Rated voltage
F3.03 0~2 0
0~999V As to model
0: Not acting
Rated current 1: Static tuning
F3.04
0.1~6553.5A As to model The parameter detection mode when motor at stationary state, this mode suitable for
the application that motor can’t be disconnected from load.
The above function codes shall be set correctly according to data of motornameplate, 2: Complete tuning 1
! please use the inverter with proper capacity to match will motor well, if capacity difference The mode of detecting complete motor parameters: when motor can be disconnected
CAUTION: is too big, the control performance will come down.
from load, please prefer to choose this mode.
Stator resistance Under vector control mode, the motor parameters that F3.05 ~ F3.09 stand for are the
F3.05
0.001~30.000Ω As to model critical data that control system must need, consequently it must perform tuning motor pa
-rameters, then the effect of vector control will be best.
Rotor resistance
F3.06 REMIND:
0.001~30.000Ω As to model
1.When F3.10 set as 2, during tuning if over-current fault or tuning fault happened, it need detect if output
Inductance of Stator, rotor phase is absent or not, motor can be matched or not.
F3.07
2.When F3.10 set as 2 or 3 to perform complete tuning, please disconnect the load from the shaft of motor,
0.1~6553.5mH As to model
forbid performing tuning the motor with load.
Mutual inductance of stator, rotor 3.Before to tune the parameters of starting motor, please ensure the motor to be stopped, otherwise it can’t
F3.08 perform normal tuning.
0.1~6553.5mH As to model 4.For some applications (such as motor can’t be disconnected from mechanical load, and etc) that it is dif
-ficult to perform complete tuning or the user does not need the high control performances, it can do static
No load current
F3.09 tuning.
0.01 ~ [F3.04] As to model 5.If it can’t perform tuning and the user know the accurate parameters of motor, the user can directly input
the data of motor nameplate (F3.00~F3.09), it has same effect to show the excellence of inverter. If tuning
The meanings of above mentioned parameters of motor as Picture F3-1. failed, it will take action to protect and display E-20.
jX 11 jX 21
Selection of Pre-excitation
R1 R2 F3.11
I1 I2 1-S 0~2 0
R2
U1 S
Pre-excitation is used to produce magnetic field before motor is started
I0 Xm
F3-1 Equivalent circuit diagram of 0: Invalid
asynchronous motor at steady status 1: Valid
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When inverter starts, perform pre-excitation for the motor. Detection value of zero speed (Reserved)
2: Conditional valid F3.19
The pre-excitation when inverter starting, is controlled by switching input terminals which 0.1~999.9rpm 0.0
defined as the command of pre-excitation, please refer to NO. 48 function description of F7
group switching input terminal. When set as 0.0, it means protection of broken line is forbidden.
Duration of pre-excitation
F3.12 7.5 F4 Controlled parameters of speed, rotation torque, and magnetic flux
0.01~10.00S 0.10
Speed ring (ASR1) proportional gain
Duration of pre-excitation is the time when pre-exciting motor is valid. F4.00
0.000~6.000 1.000
1.The command of pre-excitation for motor is invalid for command of jog-for- Speed ring (ASR1) integral time
! run. F4.01
CAUTION: 0.000~32.000S 1.000
2.When F3.11 set as conditional invalid, the duration of pre-excitation is deter
mined by the connected-in time of pre-exciting terminals, when connected-in ASR1 wave filtration time constant
time more than setting value of F3.12, the connected-in time is valid, when this F4.02
time is less than the setting of F3.12, the setting of F3.12 is valid. 1.00~6.00Hz 0.000~0.100s 0.000
1.When integral time set as 0 (F4.01-0, F4.05=0), it means no integral function, When PI selected improperly, after the system start quickly and reaches high
no ASR control, only performed by proportional adjuster.
Proportional gain P is large ! speed, it may produce over-voltage fault (if it has no exterior braking resistance
or element), this is caused by the feedback of the reproduced braking energy
Command speed CAUTION:
during the procedure of speed falling after speed being over-adjusted. It can
avoid this case through modifying PI parameters.
Proportional gain P is small 1.The adjustment of PI parameters while auto speed regulator (ASR) run at high/low speed.
If the system need fast response for loading at both high and low speed, it can set shift low
freq point (F4.03) and high freq point (F4.07). Generally when system runs at low freq, if
a
dynamic response required to be improved, please increase proportional gain P and reduce
integral time I as properly. Please calibrate the parameters of ASR at following sequence:
Integral time I is small 1)Set the proper shift freq for F4.03 and F4.07.
2)Adjust the proportional gain F4.00 and integral time F4.01 at low speed, ensure the system
Command speed
has no oscillation at low freq and dynamic response is good.
3)Adjust the proportional gain F4.04 and integral time F4.05 at high speed, ensure the system
Integral time I is large has no oscillation at high freq and dynamic response is good.
4)A rotation torque is given from the output of ASR through one time of delayed filter. F4.02,
F4.06 is the time constant of ASR1 and ASR2 filters respectively.
b
Picture F4-2 Curve between ASR step response and PI
Compensation coefficient for rotation error at vector control
When proportional gain P is increased, it can quicken dynamic response of system, but if F4.08
50.0%~200.0% 100.0%
P is too large, the system will produce oscillation.
When integral time I is reduced, it can quicken dynamic response of system, but if I is too Reserved
F4.09
small, the system will be easily adjusted over large and produce oscillation. Reserved 0
Generally proportional gain P is adjusted to increase P as possible but no oscillation occur,
then regulate the integral time I and make system able to perform fast response but no over- At the vector control mode, the above function codes used to adjust the accuracy of steady
speed for motor, when motor drive heavy load, speed is slow, so please increase this parameter,
adjustment. Picture F4-3 is a good speed step response curve for P, I to be determined (speed on the contrary it shall reduce this parameter.
response curve can be inspected through analog output terminals AO1, AO2, please read F6
parameters) Selection of the control for speed and rotation torque
F4.10
0~2 0
Command speed
0:Speed control
At vector control mode, the control object is speed
1: Rotation torque
At vector control mode, the control object is rotation torque, the related parameter settings
refer to F4.12 ~ F4.26
2: Conditional valid (terminals shift)
At vector control mode, the control object is the switching input terminals which defined as
shift between speed and torque control. Please refer to the description of No. 49, switchin
g input terminals in F7 group.
Picture F4-3 Step response with good dynamic performance
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Exterior torque One delayed Selection 1of speed limit passage at torque control mode (FWD)
command filtration F4.14
Rotation torque
0~2 0
current given
Output
Speed limit value + Speed error filtration This function code is used to set the forward speed limit passage at torque control mode.
1
Kp( 1+ ) 0: Digit given by keyboard 1
- TiS
( F4.20,F4.23) Please refer to the description of F4.16
Actual speed
1: AI1
The forward speed limit passage is given by AI1 at torque control mode. Please refer to
Actual speed < Speed limit value description of function code F6.00~F6.05
2: AI2
The forward speed limit passage is given by AI2 at torque control mode. Please refer to
Picture F4-4 Simple frame illustration of torque control description of function code F6.06~F6.11
Selection 1of speed limit passage at torque control mode (REV)
Delay of shift between speed and rotation torque F4.15
F4.11 0~2 0
0.01~1.00S 0.05
This function code is used to set the reverse speed limit passage at torque control mode.
This function code determines the delay time of shift between rotation torque, speed. 0: Digit given by keyboard 2
Please refer to the description of F4.17
Selection of command for rotation torque 1: AI1
F4.12 The reverse speed limit passage is given by AI1 at torque control mode.
0~3 0 Please refer to description of function code F6.00~F6.05
2: AI2
This function code used to set physical passage of rotation torque given at torque control mode. The reverse speed limit passage is given by AI2 at torque control mode.
Please refer to description of function code F6.06~F6.11
0: Digit given by keyboard
Keyboard digital limit speed 1
Command of rotation torque is given by keyboard. Please refer to the setting description of
F4.16
F4.13. 0.0~100.0% 0.0%
1: AI1
Command of rotation torque is given by analog input AI1. Positive or negative of AI1 input The limit value of Keyboard digital limit speed 1 is related to maxi output freq. this function
is corresponding to forward or reverse rotation torque command. When user adopt this func code correspond to the forward speed limit value when F4.14 =0.
tion, it need set the parameter of AI1 input as rotation torque command, and set the curve and
filtration time related to AI1 input. Please refer to the description of F6.00~F6.05. Keyboard digital limit speed 2
F4.17
2: AI2 0.0~100.0% 0.0%
Command of rotation torque is given by analog input AI2. Positive or negative of AI2 input is
corresponding to forward or reverse rotation torque command. When user adopt this function, The limit value of Keyboard digital limit speed 2 is related to maxi output freq. this function
it need set the parameter of AI2 input as rotation torque command, and set the curve and filtra code correspond to the reverse speed limit value when F4.15 =0.
tion time related to AI2 input. Please refer to the description of F6.06~F6.11.
3: Given by RS485 communication Limit of electric driven torque of vector mode
Rotation torque command is given by RS485 communication. F4.18
0.0% ~ 220.0% Ie rated current of motor 160.0%
Torque set by keyboard
F4.13 Limit of braking torque of vector mode
-200.0%~200.0% rated current of motor 0.0% F4.19
0.0% ~ 220.0% Ie rated current of motor 160.0%
This function code used to set the rotation torque when the torque determined to give by the
digits of keyboard related to torque command. The above cods determine the limit of torques at vector control mode.
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Selection of acting after detect the rotation torque Selection of zero servo control function (reserved)
F4.20 F4.23
0~8 0 0~2 0
Rotation torque detection level Gain compared with last one at zero servo position(reserved)
F4.21 F4.24
0.0%~220.0% * rated current of motor 150.0% 0.00~10.00 1.00
CAUTION: corresponds to rated rotation torque of motor. Vmax: Maxi output voltage
2.Over/absent torque detection is valid for any control mode. Fb: Maxi output freq
3.Both switching output terminal Y and relay R can detect the signal out 0 Fb
-put of over/absent torque. Output freq Hz
Picture F5-1 Illustration of V/F curve
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V/F freq value F3 Note 1: At standard V/F mode, it has two methods of increasing rotation
F5.05
Freq value F2 ~ [F1.11] 37.50
! torque: auto, manual.
Note 2: 0.0 is the mode of torque auto rising, one of high performance of
CAUTION: VF control mode, but it must be sure that motor parameters shall match
V/F volt value V3 with inverter;
F5.06
Note 3: If one drive several motors, please set it as a proper value instead
Volt value V2 ~100.0% Maxi output voltage 75.0% of zero (not too large, otherwise motor will operate under over-current,
may lead to overheating, even the inverter take action to protect), otherw
Illustration of voltage and freq as follows -ise the inverter may work abnormally.
Note 4: the recommended value (appr.) for manual rising torque as follows:
Voltage
0.4 ~ 4.0KW 6.0%~15.0%5.5~30KW 3.0%~10.0%
37~ 132KW 2.0%~5.0%160~630KW 1.0%~3.0%
Maxi output
voltage Cutoff freq of torque rising
F5.08 0.0 ~ 100.0%*[F3.01] rated freq of motor
V3 100.0%
Note: 0.0 for torque auto rise
V2
F5.08 defines the cutoff freq fz while increasing rotation torque, indicated as picture F5-3.
V1
Freq compensation of rotation error at V/F control
F5.09
F1 F2 F3 Maxi Freq 0.0 ~ 200.0% rated rotation error 0.0%/100.0%
output freq
When asynchronous motor carry load, its rotation speed will drop down, it can adopt the compensation
Picture F5-2 Illustration of user specially defined V/F curve method for rotation error to make motor closed with synchronous speed, that’s mean higher motor control
accuracy. It will compensate the positive freq when rotation error is positive.
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Filtration coefficient for freq compensation of rotation error at V/F control and magnetic flux control Setting for physical value of AI1 mini limit
F5.10 F6.02
0.01~1.00s As to model -200.0%~200.0% 0.0%
This parameter is used to adjust the response speed of compensation for rotation error. Maxi limit of AI1 input
If this value is larger, response speed is slower. The rotation speed of motor is more steady. F6.03
0.00V/0.00mA~10.00V/20.00mA 10.00
Filtration time for freq compensation of rotation error at V/F control Setting for physical value of AI1 maxi limit
F5.11 F6.04
0.01~1.00s As to model -200.0%~200.0% 100.0%
This parameter is used to adjust the response speed of compensation for rotation error. If this Filtration time of AI1 input
value is larger, response speed is slower. The rotation speed of motor is more steady. F6.05
0.00S~10.00S 0.10
Voltage given by VF separate control mode Physical value of AI2 input
F5.12
0~2 0 F6.06
0~4 0
0: Digital given
0: Speed command (output freq, -100.0% ~ 100.0%)
1: AI1
1: Rotation torque command (output rotation torque, -220.0% ~ 220.0%)
2: Ai2
Rotation torque set by AI2 analog given, torque range: -220.0% ~ 220.0%, please
Digital setting output voltage
F5.13 refer to description of F4 group function codes.
0.0~100.0% x rated voltage of motor 100.0% 2: Voltage command (output voltage, 0.0% ~ 200.0%)
Voltage rising/dropping time If it stands for speed command, the maxi value: 100.0%
F5.14
0.1~3600.0s 10.0 If it stands for rotation torque command, the maxi value: 220.0%
If it stands for voltage command, the maxi value: 200%
7.7 F6 Analog & pulse input and output parameters Mini limit of AI2 input
F6.07
Physical value of AI1 input 0.00V ~10.00V 0.00
F6.00
0~2 0 Setting for physical value of AI2 mini limit
F6.08
0: Speed command (output freq, -100.0% ~ 100.0%) 0.00V ~10.00V 0.0%
1: Rotation torque command (output rotation torque, -200.0% ~ 200.0%)
Maxi limit of AI2 input
AI1 analog used to send the command of setting torque, torque given range: -200.0% F6.09
0.00%~100.0% (10.00V/20.00mA 10.00
~ 200.0%, please refer the description of F4 function codes.
2: Voltage command (output voltage, 0.0% ~ 200.0%) Setting for physical value of AI2 maxi limit
F6.10
If it stands for speed command, the maxi value: 100.0% -220.0%~220.0% 100.0%
If it stands for rotation torque command, the maxi value: 220.0% Filtration time of AI2 input
If it stands for voltage command, the maxi value: 200% F6.11
0.00s~10.00S 0.10
Mini limit of AI1 input The above function codes defined the input range for AI1, AI2 of analog input voltage and
F6.01 the related percentage and filtration time constant. AI1 and AI2 can be determined as voltage or
0.00V/0.00mA ~10.00V/20.00mA0.00 0.00 current input through the selection of CN9 jumping wire, its digit setting can determined accord
-ing to 0~~20mA and its related 0~10V. It shall be determined according to actual input signal.
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AI1, AI2 input filtration time constant mainly used for the filtration of analog input The above function codes define the relation between AO multifunctional analog output
signal, to eliminate the interference. Larger time constant will have higher resistant inter terminal, DO pulse output terminal and their related physical values, details as following table:
-ference, steadier control performance, but slower response, on the contrary, smaller con
-stant, faster response and low res, steadier control performance, but slower response, on Item AO1 Scope
the contrary, smaller constant, faster response and low resistant interference, unsteady co 0V/0mA ~ AO maxi limit 0~ Maxi output freq
-ntrol. If it is difficult to determine the best effect, it should adjust this parameter properly Output freq (before freq err
according to the steadiness of control and delay of response. or compensation) 2V/4mA ~ AO maxi limit 0~ Maxi output freq
Mini limit of AO1 output 7.8 F7 Digital input and output parameters
F6.21
Input terminal X1/FWD function
-200.0%~200.0% 0.0% F7.00
0~99 1
AO1 output of mini limit
F6.22 Input terminal X2/REV function
0.00V/0.00mA~10.00V/20.00mA 0.00 F7.01
0~99 2
Maxi limit of AO1 output Input terminal X3 function
F6.23 F7.02
-200.0%~200.0% 100.0% 0~99 0
This terminal can be used to input the fault signal of exterior device, this can help inverter detect Output freq Speed 15
the fault of exterior devices. When the inverter receive the fault signal of outer device, display
E-16, namely exterior device have fault and alarmed by inverter.
9: Input of exterior signal from termination NO contact
During the inverter running, when it receives the termination signal, cut off the output, and run
at zero freq. once terminal signal is cleared, inverter will auto start under tracking rotation speed,
recover the running. Speed 1
10: Command of freq ascending
Running
This terminal short connected with COM, freq ascend, it is valid only that freq given passage is command Time
digit given 2 (adjusted by terminal UP/DOWN)
K1
11: Command of freq descending
This terminal short connected with COM, freq descend, it is valid only that freq given passage is K2
digit given 2 (adjusted by terminal UP/DOWN) K3 Picture F7-1 Illustration of running
12: UP/DOWN terminal freq cleared K4 at multi-stage speeds
The increment of digital freq 2 (adjusted by UP/DOWN terminal) is cleared through this terminal.
17: Main freq passage select 1
13: Multi-stage select 1
14: Multi-stage select 2 18: Main freq passage select 2
15: Multi-stage select 3 19: Main freq passage select 3
16: Multi-stage select 4 20: Main freq passage select 4
Through ON/OFF combination of these terminals, it can select 16 stages of speed at maxi.
Through ON/OFF combination of these terminals, it can select 9 passages
The details as following table:
of freq (given) setting at maxi. The details as following table:
Multi-stage Multi-stage speed Multi-stage speed Multi-stage speed Stage speed
speed selection Ss4 selection Ss3 selection Ss2 selection Ss1 Select terminal Select terminal Select terminal Select terminal 1
Passage of main freq given
OFF OFF OFF OFF 0 4 of freq passage 3 of freq passage 2 of freq passage of freq passage
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0: Means positive logic, namely connection between Xi terminal and public terminal is valid,
49: Shift between controls of speed and rotation torque opening is invalid
When speed and rotation torque control is selected conditionally (shift of terminals), 1: Means reverse logic, namely connection between Xi terminal and public terminal is invalid,
this terminal is valid then it is torque control mode, while invalid, it is speed control mode, opening is valid
the related details refer to F4.10~F4.11, F4.11 setting is the delay time for shift between FWD/REV terminal control mode
speed and rotation torque control. F7.11
50: Rotation torque control forbidden 0~3 0
To forbid the inverter perform torque control mode. This function code defines the four different kinds of control the running of inverter through outer
51~99: Reserved terminals.
0:2-line control mode 1
Times of switching value filtered
Xm: command of forward (FWD) rotation, Xn: command of reverse (REV) rotation, Xm, Xn is any
F7.08
1~10 5 of theterminals within X1~X8 that the FWD, REV function defined. Under this control mode, both K1
and K2 can independently control the running and direction of inverter
It is used to set the sensitivity of input side. If digital input terminal may be influenced easily by
interference and inverter takes wrong action, the user can increase this parameter, then the resistant K1 Running
interference will be reinforced, but too large to result in lower sensitivity of input terminal. K2 K1 command
Xm(FWD)
0 0 Stop
K2
Select of inspection on terminal functions when being electrified
F7.09 Xn(REV) 1 0 REV rotation
0~1 0
0 1 FWD rotation
COM
0: Terminal running command is invalid when being electrified 1 1 STOP
During being electrified, even if the inverter detect the running command terminal is valid
(closed), it still stop, only after the terminal is opened and closed again, then inverter can Picture F7-2 Illustration of 2-line control mode 1
start. 1: 2-line control mode 2
1: When being electrified, running command is valid, inverter detect the terminal running 2Xm: command of forward (FWD) rotation, Xn: command of reverse (REV) rotation, Xm,
command terminal is valid (closed), the inverter start immediately. Xn is any of the terminals within X1~X8 that the FWD, REV function defined. Under this
control mode, K1 is the switch for running and stopping, K2 is the switch for shift the rotation
Valid logic setting of input terminals direction.
F7.10
0~FF 00
K1 Running
K2 K1 command
Xm(FWD)
Ten digits Single digits 0 0 Stop
K2
Bit0: X1 terminal forward/reverse logic defined Xn(REV) 1 0 STOP
Bit1: X2 terminal forward/reverse logic defined 0 1 FWD rotation
Bit2: X3 terminal forward/reverse logic defined COM
1 1 REV rotation
Bit3: X4 terminal forward/reverse logic defined
Picture F7-3 Illustration of 2-line control mode 2
2: 3-line control mode 1
Bit4: X5 terminal forward/reverse logic defined 1Xm: command of forward (FWD) rotation, Xn: command of reverse (REV) rotation, Xx:
Bit5: X6 terminal forward/reverse logic defined command of stopping, Xm, Xn, Xx is any of the terminals within X1~X8 that the FWD, REV,
STOP function defined. When K3 not connected, even if K1, K2 connected in it is invalid. When
Bit6: X7 terminal forward/reverse logic defined
K3 connected, touch off K1, inverter run at forward direction; touch off K2, inverter run at REV
Bit7: X8 terminal forward/reverse logic defined direction, disconnect K3, inverter stop.
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8:Maxi limit of output freq reached 17: Lock and stop at case of under voltage
The indication signal that output freq reach maxi limit. When DC busbar voltage is less than under-voltage limit, output the indication signal.
9:Mini limit of output freq reached
The output indication signal that the output freq reach maxi limit. When busbar is under-voltage at stopping, LED display PoFF, under-
10: Inverter overload alarming signal ! voltage at running and FA.02=0, LED display PoFF; if FA.02=1, then
When output current of inverter exceed the pre-alarm level (FA.10) of overload, after CAUTION: LED display E-07, meanwhile the alarm indicator shine.
alarming delay, then this alarming signal is outputted, often used for pre-alarming overload.
11: Output of counter detection signal 18: Rotation torque control
When counting detection value reach, output the indication signal, till counter reset and When the control mode is operated by rotation torque, output the indication signal.
Please refer to the description of F4.
cleared. Please refer to the function code F7.29.
19: Over-torque/Under-torque detection output
12: Output of counter reset signal
Inverter output the related indication signal according to the settings of F4.20~4.22
When counting resetting value reach, output the indication signal. Please refer to the 20:AI1 > AI2
function code F7.28. When analog input AI1>AI2, output the indication signal. The analog input refers to
13: Inverter ready for running description of Group F6.
When inverter is ready for being electrified: namely inverter has no fault; busbar voltage 21: Arrive at fixed time
is normal; terminal of forbidding running is invalid, allowed to receive the command of 22: Other warning signals (PID) broken line, RS485 failure, panel communication failu
running, then terminal output the indication signal. -re, fail to read and write EEPROM, coder has broken line, and etc)
14: Running of programmable multi-stage speeds finished at one period When above mentioned warning occur, output the signal
After one period of programmable multistage speed (PLC) is finished, output a valid 23: Auxiliary motor 1
pulse signal, this signal width: 500mS. 24: Auxiliary motor 2
Terminals of auxiliary motor 1 and 2 cooperated with PID module can realize simply
15: Running of programmable multi-stage speeds finished step by step
onedrive-three water supply system at constant pressure.
After the present stage of programmable multistage speed (PLC) is finished, output a
25: Arrival of accumulated running time
valid pulse signal, this signal width: 500mS.
If the function of running limit is valid, when the accumulated running time reach up
16: Pendulum freq maxi and mini limited to the setting value of FC.17, it will output the indication signal.
After pendulum freq function is selected, if freq fluctuation range calculated on basis of
central freq is more than the maxi freq F1.12 or less than mini freq F1.13, it will output the in Setting of output terminal valid logic (Y1~Y2)
F7.22
dicationsignal as followed picture.
0~3 0
This function is the supplementary for Item 6 of F7.18~F7.21, when output freq if inverter is
Pendulum freq out of the
thresholds of maxi or mini freq. within the positive and negative detection range of setting freq, terminal output the valid signal
Picture F7-6 Illustration of pendulum freq limit (signal of collector open, low potential while resistance increased), shown as followed picture
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Time
Y This function codes define the counter resetting value and detection value. When the
counted value reach up to the setting of F7.28, the multifunctional terminal (resetting signal)
output the valid signal to clear the counted value.
Time When the counted value reach up to the setting of F7.29, the multifunctional terminal
(detection signal) output the valid signal. If count up continue and exceed the setting of
Picture F7-7 Illustration of freq arrival
F7.28, while counter is cleared, this valid output signal is cancelled.
Setting of FDT1 level Shown as followed picture, the output of programmable relay can be set as the output
F7.24
0.00Hz~【F1.11】 50.00
of resetting signal, open collector output Y1 set as the output of counter detection, define
F7.28 as 8 and F7.29 as 5. When detection value is 5, Y1 output a valid signal and remain;
FDT1 lag value when reach the resetting value “8”, relay output a valid signal of pulse cycle and clear the
F7.25
0.0~100.0%*【F7.24】 2.0%
counter. Meanwhile both Y1 and relay withdraw the output signal.
The above function codes (F7.24~F7.27) are the supplementary for No. 4, 5 of F7.18~F7.21,
when inverter output freq exceed the FDT potential setting value, output the valid signal (collector
opening signal, low potential when resistance increased), when output freq drop lower than FDT
signal (setting value-lag value), output the invalid signal (high resistant state), shown as followed
picture.
Time
Y
Time
Picture F7-8 Illustration of freq level detection
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When feed back by analog value, this function is used to set the value of close loop control
by operating panel, it is valid only that the passage of close loop given is digit given (F8.00=0).
For example: in the close loop control system of water supply at constant pressure, this func
-tion setting shall be fully consideration of the relation between measuring scope of remote trans
-mission pressure gauge and its output feedback signal, such as measure scope of pressure gauge
is 0~10MPa, the related output is 0~10V, while we need 6MPa pressure, then we can set the digit
given as 6.00V, thus when PID control is steady, the pressure is 6MPa.
0~ 6
0: AI1
PID feedback value is given by exterior analog signal AI1.
1: AI2
PID feedback value is given by exterior analog signal AI2.
2: AI1+AI2
PID feedback value is determined by both AI1 and AI2.
3: AI1-AI2
PID feedback value is determined by the difference between AI1 and AI2,
when difference is negative, feedback default is 0.
4: MAX {AI1, AI2}
5: MIN {AI1, AI2}
6: Pulse given
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2.0%
Deviation limit is the ratio between the absolute value of deviation (feedback
and setting value) to the setting value, when feedback is within the deviation limit,
PID adjust not performed, shown as followed picture. Proper setting of deviation li
-mit can prevent the frequent adjustment around the target value, and improve the
steadiness of the system.
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F8.15 defines the feedback limit of inverter from running status to sleeping status.
If actual feedback value is larger than this setting, and output freq of inverter reach
the mini freq limit, the inverter will go into sleeping status (namely run at zero speed)
after the delay specified in F8.16.
F8.16 defines the feedback limit of inverter from sleeping status to running status.
If actual feedback value is smaller than this setting, the inverter will go to run after
the delay specified in F8.17.
REMIND: Compared with common modes, threshold of sleep and wakeup time are invalid at disturb free mode.
Sleep delay
Sleeping stop mode
F8.13 1.0~3600.0s 100.00
0
Wakeup delay
0: Speed reduction for stop,
1.0~3600.0s 5.0
1: free stop
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0~20
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0:s 1:m
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Pendulum amplitude
REMIND: Compared with other freq given modes (F1.02), the control of pendulum freq has F9.62
the highest priority, during running at PID, pendulum freq control is forbidden. 0.0~100.0% (related to setting freq) 0.0%
1.Central freq can be given by digit given passage, analog input, pulse, PLC
or multi-stage speed and etc.
2.When Jog-for-run and close loop operation are in service, it will cancel the
pendulum freq mode automatically.
3.PLC and pendulum freq mode are in service together, and pendulum freq mode
will be invalid during the shift in PLC stage, the operation is transited from setti
-ng of speed up/down at PLC, to setting freq of PLC, then beginpendulum freq mode,
while stopping it will execute speed reduction on basis of PLC speed-down time.
This function codes define the running time from mini pendulum limit to maxi
pendulum limit, and the running from maxi pendulum limit to mini pendulum limit.
Pendulum control mode suits for textile, chemical fiber and etc fields where need
transverse movement and rolling, its typical theory as Picture F9-6.
Generally procedure of pendulum as follows: firstly accelerate the presetting
freq (F9.60) of pendulum on basis of speed up time set, and wait some time (F9.61),
transit to pendulum central freq on basis of speed up/down time, then run at the sett
-ings of pendulum amplitude (F9.62), jumping freq (F9.63), rising time of pendulum
freq (F9.64) and falling time of pendulum freq (F9.65) on cycle, till the command of
stop is received, so the inverter will stop at speed down time.
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0: Forbidden
1: Intelligent O/V speed lose
Auto adjustment decelerated speed rate according to the deviation between bubar voltage
and this threshold value (FA.05), this way suits for the load with large inertia.
2: Common O/V speed lose
When busbar voltage exceed this threshold value (FA.05), it will stop deceleration, when
busbar voltage less than this threshold (FA.05), it will continue speeding down according to
the setting rate, which suits for the load with small inertia.
0: Forbidden
No action for current limit
1: Valid all the way
Current limit function is valid for all running status.
2: Invalid in case of running at constant speed
Current limit is valid only that inverter is speeding up/down, invalid for running atconstant
speed, this function is suitable for the application that rotation speed change is not allowed.
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Current limit level determines the threshold of auto limiting current during Output phase failure protection or unbalanced detection setting
running at speed-down, the setting is the percentage related to rated current of inverter. FA.16
0%~100% rated current of inverter 50%
Fall rate of freq at current limit
FA.10 Detection coefficient of output current imbalance
0.00~500.00Hz/s 100.00 FA.17
1.00 ~ 10.00 1.00
Fall rate of freq at current limit defines the calibration speed of output freq under
acting the limiting current at constant speed. 1.00: Unbalance detection function: invalid.
When this code = 0, freq reduction to limit current does not take action; if the fall
rate is too small, so it is difficult to avoid the status of continuously limiting current Detection of unbalanced output current and detection of output phase failure,
and may lead to over - current fault; if fall rate is too large, calibration speed is quick, adopted the same basic parameters FA. 16 and fault code E-13
inverter will become generating status long time and lead to over-voltage protection,
consequently please set carefully. Selection of output earthing protection when being electrified
Reserved FA.18
FA.11 0~1 0
Reserved 0 0: Invalid
Overload pre-alarming level 1: Valid
FA.12 This function can detect if the insulation of motor cable and coil is damaged or
20~180% 160%120% not and lead to earthing fault.
Overload pre-alarm is mainly used to monitor the overload status before inverter Treatment of PID feedback line broken
taking action. Overload pre-alarming level define its current threshold, the setting va FA.19
0~3 0
-lue is the percentage of rated current of inverter.
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0: No action 0: execute protection and free strop
1: Alarm and keep running at the freq when line broken 1: Alarm and keep running at current status
2: Protection takes action and free stopping When protection action is taken, operating panel display “E-21”, in case of alarming,
3: Reduce the speed as to setting mode till running at zero speed. the panel displays “A-21”
When it take action of protection, operating panel display “E-23”, while alarming, Selection of protection against over-speed (reserved)
operating panel display “A-23” FA.25
0~2 2
Detection value of feedback line broken
FA.20
0.0~100.0% 0.0% 0: execute protection and free strop
1: Alarm and reduce speed to stop
The maxi value of PID given is used as the maxi limit of detection value for feedback 2: Alarm and keep running at current status
line broken. Within the detection time, when PID feedback value is continuously less th
Detection value of over-speed
-an detection value, inverter will take the corresponding action according FA.19 setting. FA.26
0.0~50.0% * maxi output freq 0.0%
Detection time of feedback line broken
FA.21 Detection time of over-speed
0.0~3600.0s 10.0 FA.27
0.0~100.0s 5.0
Selection of protection action against too large speed deviation
FA.28
0~2 0
0: execute protection and free strop
1: Alarm and reduce speed to stop
2: Alarm and keep running at current status
Detection value of too large speed deviation
FA.29
0.0~50.0% * maxi output freq 0.0%
Detection time of too large speed deviation
Select of protection against abnormality of RS485 communication FA.30
FA.22 0.0~100.0s 0.5
0~2 1
7.12FB Communication parameters
0: execute protection and free strop
1: Alarm and keep running at current status This machine address
2: Alarm and stop the motor according to the setting mode FB.00
While to execute the action of protection, operating panel display “E-17”, if perform alarming, it display “A-17” 0~247 1
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0: 2400BPS
1: 4800BPS 7.13 FC Super function parameters
2: 9600BPS Setting of energy braking function
3: 19200BPS FC.00
0~2 2
4: 38400BPS
5: 115200BPS 0: Invalid
This function code is used to define the data transmission rate between host machine a 1: Valid always
nd inverters, the baud rate of host machine and inverter shall be same, or communication can’t 2: Valid only at speed down (reduction)
be executed, higher baud rate can get high transmission speed, but steadiness will fall down.
Initial voltage of energy braking
Data format FC.01
FB.02 115.0~140.0% 130.0% / 120.0%
0~8 0
Acting ratio of energy braking
FC.02
0: No checksum (N, 8, 1) for RTU 10~100% 100%
1: Even parity (E, 8, 1) for RTU
The above function codes are used to set voltage threshold for taking action,
2: Odd parity (O, 8, 1) for RTU return difference voltage and operation rate of built-in braking element in the inverter.
3: No checksum (N, 8, 2) for RTU If inner DC voltage higher than initial voltage of energy braking, the built-in braking
4: Even parity (E, 8, 2) for RTU element will take action. If braking resistor connected at this time, it will release the
energy of pump rising voltage inside the inverter through braking resistor, make DC
5: Odd parity (O, 8, 2) for RTU voltage drop down. When DC voltage come down to the specified value (Initial volt
6: No checksum (N, 8, 1) for ASCII -age-return difference of braking), built-in braking element is closed.
7: Even parity (E, 7, 1) for ASCII Energy saving auto control
FC.03
8: Odd parity (O, 7, 1) for ASCII
0~1 0
ASCII mode reserved temporarily 0: invalid
The data format of host machine and inverter shall be same, or comm 1: valid
-unication can’t be executed. This function is mainly used to control the energy saving for some light loads of
motor, not recommended for the heavy loads.
Delay of answer of this machine
FB.03 Selection of magnetic flux braking strength
0~200ms 5 FC.04
0~100 0
This function code defines the time interval between the finish of receiving inverter
data frame, and sending the answer data frame to host machine, if answer time is less th 0: this braking invalid, this value is larger, the braking strength more powerful.
-an system processing time, then system processing time is governed; This function is mainly used for some applications that needs fast deceleration, elim
If this set interval is larger than the system processing time, after data processed by -inate the kinetic energy of motor through magnetic excitation, to perform this function.
system, it still need wait till the delay of answer is finished, then send data to host machine.
Wait time of tracking speed
Treatment (process) of transmission response FC.05
FB.03 0.1~5.0s 1.0
0~1 5
Tracking speed of rotation speed
FC.06
0: Response for writing 0~100 30
The inverter has response for the reading and writing commands of host machine
1: No response for writing
When restart after tracking rotation speed, select the tracking speed. If the data is
The inverter has response for the reading commands of host machine, but no res
smaller, tracking speed is faster. But too fast, it may be not steady.
-ponse for the writing commands. This is to improve the communication efficiency.
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0: Unable
1: Function of limited running Oscillation suppression function
FC.20
During running, once the accumulated running time exceeds the setting 0~255 0: this function invalid 0
value of FC.17, inverter will take into action and stop freely, operating panel
display E-24; if to clear this fault, please verify the Password of limiting run 0: Oscillation suppression function is invalid
-ning (FC.15), then set FC.16 (Select of running limited function) as 0, then it
can clear this limit of running. If this value is bigger, the effect of suppression is stronger. The detailed setting
shall be performed according to the running effect of actual motor.
Limited time
FC.17 Freq drop point at transient power off
0~65535 (h) 0 FC.21
60~90% * Udce 80%
Details as FC.16 Freq drop factor at transient power off
FC.22
Control of compensation for dead zone 0~100 0
FC.18
0~1 0 0: the function of not stopping at transient power off is invalid
When system is power failed, this function can keep inverter temporarily running,
0: Unable when this value is bigger, the freq falling rate is quicker, and the kinetic energy of mo
1: Mode 1 -tor feedback within unit time will be higher.
7.14 FD Display and system management parameters
AVR function
FC.19 Close loop display coefficient
0~2 2 FD.00
0.01~100.00 1.00
0: Unable
1: valid always This function code is used to calibrate the display error between actual physical values
(pressure, flux and etc) and setting or feedback value (voltage, current) at close loop control.
2: Invalid only at speed down
It does not have influence on the adjustment of close loop.
AVR, namely auto voltage regulation, when the input voltage of inverter has
difference compared with rating, this function can keep output voltage constant, Load rotation speed display coefficient
FD.01
prevent motor running at over-voltage. When output voltage is larger than input
0.01~100.00 1.00
voltage this function is invalid. During speeding down, if AVR does not operate,
then speed-down time is short, but operating current is large; AVR operating, mo This function code is used to adjust the display error of graduation for rotation speed, no influence on actual rotation speed.
-tor speed down steadily, operating current is small, but speed down time is longer.
Linear speed coefficient
FD.02
0.01~100.00 1.00
This function code is used to calibrate the display error linear speed, no influence on actual rotation speed.
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Set the fixed time value (s) Output terminal status at present fault
d-25 d-39
0~65535 0 0~3H 0
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Chapter 8Operation format of reading and writing communication parameters, and examples (3)03H read more than 1 parameters (8 items at max, continuously)
Inquiry information frame format
8.1RTU mode and format
When controller perform the communication on Modbus through RTU mode, each 8- Address 01H
bit byte divided into two 4-bit hexadecimal characters, the main advantages of this mode is Function 03H
the density of transmitted character at same baud rate is higher than ASCII mode, the chara
07H
-cters of each information shall be transmitted uninterruptedly. Starting data address
(1)The format of each byte at RTU mode 05H
Coding system: 8-bit binary, hexadecimal 0-9, A-F 00H
Data bits: first bit, initial bit, 8-bit data (low bit transmitted in front), stop bit occupies Number of Data (Byte)
02H
one bit, and the parity check bit can be selected. (Refer to RTY data frame as sequence diagram)
Error check zone: cyclic redundancy check (CRC) CRC CHK High D5H
(2)Sequence diagram of RTU data frame CRC CHK Low 7EH
With parity check
Analysis of this data section:
Start 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Par Stop 01H:address of inverter
03H:code of reading
0705H:F7.05 item of same control panel in start address
Start 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Stop 0002H:number of registers, namely read two items: F7.05 and F7.06.
D57EH:16-bit CRC check code
8.2Register address and function code of ADL980
Response information frame format
(1) Supported function code
Function code Function instruction Address 01H
03 Read more than 1 registers Function 03H
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(6)13H read 1 parameter (including property, mini value, maxi value) 13H:code of writing
Inquiry information frame format 0107H:F1.07 item of same control panel in start address
13H 0: No action
Data1(2Byte) Bit 7 1: Overloading pre-alarm
88H
12H 0:INV_220V
Data2(2Byte) 1:INV_380V
22H Bit6 ~ Bit5 2:INV_660V
Read the
00H running 3:INV_1140V
Data3(2Byte) A000H(1A00H) Byte 1
00H status of
0: No action
inverter Bit 4
13H 1: Save if power failure
Data4(2Byte)
88H 0: No action
Bit 3 1: Reset
CRC CHK High 2BH
CRC CHK Low 70H 0: No action
Bit 2~ bit1 1: Static tuning
Analysis of this data section:
2: Dynamic tuning
01H:address of inverter
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Function description Address definition Meanings of data Fault code Displayed content Fault description
0005H E-05 Over-voltage of running at speeding down
Byte Bit Meanings
0: Passage of running command 0006H E-06 Over-voltage of running at constant speed
by operating panel.
Bit 0 1: Passage of running command 0007H E-07 Busbar under-voltage
Byte1 by terminals.
2: Passage of running Motor overload
command by communication. 0008H E-08
Bit 7 3: Reserved.
0009H E-09 Inverter overload
Read the Bit 6 0: No action Load lost of inverter (reserved)
1: Busbar voltage is normal already 000AH E-10
running
000BH E-11 Fault of power module
status of A000H(1A00H) 0: No action
inverter Bit5
1: Under voltage 000CH E-12 Phase failure of input side
0: No action 000DH E-13 Phase failure or unbalanced current of output side
Bit 4
1: Jog for run Radiator 1 overheat
000EH E-14
Byte 0
0: FWD rotation Radiator 2 overheat
Bit 3 000FH E-15
1: REV rotation
0010H E-16 Fault of exterior device
1: Run at speed up
Bit 2~ bit1 2: Run at speed down 0011H E-17 Fault of RS485 communication
3: Run at constant speed 0012H E-18 Fault of keyboard communication
Bit 0 0: Stop status Error of current detection
0013H E-19
1: Running status
0014H E-20 Fault of motor tuning
Read fault Address of E000H and 1E00H is in public use (see in the table
code of E000H(1E00H)
of fault code, the example of reading code 03H) 0015H E-21 Fault of EEPROM read/write
inverter
Read the 0016H E-22 Parameter copy: error
alarm code E001H(1E01H) Address of E000H and 1E00H is in public use (see in the table of
of fault pre-alarming code, the example of reading code 03H) 0017H E-23 PID feedback line broken
Verification 0018H E-24 Reach the limited running time
of user pass AD00H(1C00H) Address of AD00H and 1C00H is in public use (see in the example of writing code 06H)
-word 0019H E-25 EMI interference
Verification of
password for run AD01H(1C01H) Address of AD01H and 1C01H is in public use (see in the example of writing code 06H)
ning limit 8.5 Table of inverter pre-alarming code
8.4 Fault code table of inverter Fault code Displayed content Fault description
0000H —— No fault
Fault code Displayed contentFault description
0009H A-09 Pre-alarm inverter overloading
0000H No fault
0011H A-17 Pre-alarm the fault of RS485 communication
0001H E-01 Over-current of running at speeding up A-18 Alarm the fault of keyboard communication
0012H
0002H E-02 Over-current of running at speeding down 0015H A-21 Pre-alarm the fault of reading / writing EEPROM
0003H E-03 Over-current of running at constant speed 0017H A-23 Pre-alarm the fault of PID feedback broken line
0004H E-04 Over-voltage of running at speeding up 0018H A-24 Pre-alarm the running limit
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8.6 Parameter property table 8.8 Format of command character for control
Address Bit Meanings
Bit Meaning
Bit 7~ Bit 5 Reserved
Bit15 Reserved
Bit 4 0: No action 1: Reset
2000H
Bit 14 Menu Bit 3 0: FWD rotation 1: REV rotation
Bit 13 Binary or hexadecimal etc. Bit 2~ Bit 0 100: Freely stop 011: Stop 0101: Jog for run 001: Run
Chapter 9Fault analysis and solutions 1.Before to reset, fault must be solved, otherwise it may lead inverter
to being damaged permanently.
9.1Common faults and solutions 2.In case that it can’t reset or fault happen again after resetting, it shall
find out the actual reason, the continuous resetting will damage the
9.1.1No display after being electrified. inverter.
Solution: 3.It shall delay at least 5min to reset in case of overload, overheat pro
-tection taken action for.
1.Firstly check power source: use multimeter to measure input source and check if it
match with inverter or not; if power source has fault, please repair it then try again. 9.5Fault codes Table 8-1 Fault code and Remedies
2.Check the rectification circuit of inverter, if any abnormality, please ask for techni
-cal support from service/sale agent or factory. Fault code Fault name Expected reason Remedy
3.Check the indicator for power source is shining or not, if shining, then the fault sha
E-00 Means no fault
-ll located at the switching part; if not shining, then the fault shall come from rectifi
-cation or buffer circuit, these fault need technical help from our factory or our agent. 1)Speed-up time too short 1)Extend the speed-up time
9.1.2Air switch of input side tripping 2)Reduce load inertia
Over-current 2)Load inertia too large
Solution: 3)V/F curve is not suitable 3)Adjust rising value of torque or correct V/F curve
1.Check if the power source of input side is short circuit or earthing or not, if power so E-01 of running at
4)System voltage too low 4)Check input power source
-urce has fault, please repair it then try again. speeding up 5)Inverter capacity too small 5)Select the inverter with large capacity
2.Check if rectification bridge is damaged or not, if any abnormality, please ask for te 6)Restart the rotating motor 6)Set as startup at DC braking
-chnical support
9.1.3Motor not rotate after inerter runs Over-current 1)Speed-down time too short 1)Extend speed-down time
Solution: E-02 of running at 2)Load with large inertia 2)Reduce load inertia
1.Check if three-phase output of inverter is balanced or not, if yes, then motor or its speeding down Inverter capacity too small Select inverter with large capacity
line may be damaged; or mechanical block, check the mechanical part is abnormal or
not, if exterior device has fault, please repair and try again. Over-current 1)Input voltage is abnormal 1)Check input source
2.Check output voltage of three-phase is zero or unbalanced, then it may come from E-03 of running at 2)Load has sudden change 2)Check the load or restrict sudden change
the inside inverter, please ask for technical help from factory or agent. constant speed Inverter capacity too small Select inverter with large capacity
9.2Fault status and remedy
When inverter has fault, LED will display the related fault code and data, relay for fa Over-voltage of
E-04 running at speed 1)Input voltage is abnormal 1)Check input source
-ult takes action, inverter stop output. If fault happen but motor is rotating, it will stop -ing up Restart the rotating motor Set as startup at DC braking
freely till rotation is ended. ADL980 series may happen to the fault kinds described
Over-voltage 1)Speed-down time too short 1)Extend speed-down time
in Table 8-1, display scope of fault code E-00 ~ E-25. When fault happens, firstly the
user should check it according to this table and record the fault details, when technical E-05 of running at 2)It has such load with energy feedback 2)Use larger exterior braking element;
help is required, please contact with our after-sale service dept or our local agent. speeding down Input voltage is abnormal 3)Check input source
Over-voltage of
9.3Fault record and search E-06 running at const 1)Input voltage is abnormal 1)Check input source
This series of inverter record the code of last three faults and the running parameters -ant speed 2)Load with large inertia 2)Select energy braking element
of last fault, seek these details to help find fault reason. Fault details will be saved in
Busbar under- 1)System voltage too low 1)Check input voltage
d31-d40, please enter into d group parameters for check. E-07 2)Buffer resistor for electrifying
voltage 2)Replace buffer resistor, ask for help
is damaged
9.4Fault resetting 1)Torque rising too high or V/F
When inverter happen to fault, if it needs reset for running again, any of the following 1)Decrease torque rising value or
curve not suitable
operations can be selected: adjust V/F curve
2)System voltage too low
1)When fault code displayed, if it is confirmed that it can be reset, push STOP key. E-08 Motor overload 3)Motor is mechanically blocked 2)Check system voltage
3)Check the load
2)Select any of X1~X7 set as exterior RESET input (F6.00~F6.06=29), then connect or load sudden change too large
4)Set the proper overload protection
-ed with COM, it can reset the inverter. Setting of motor overload protection
parameters.
3)Cut off power supply and electrify the inverter again. parameter is wrong
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Fault code Fault name Expected reason Remedy Fault code Fault name Expected reason Remedy
Fault of 1)Check data cable
1)Torque rising too high or 1)Decrease torque rising value or adjust I/O EEPROM reading:
E-21 EEPROM
V/F curve error, or data invalid. 2)Replace I/O panel
E-09 Inverter overload V/F curve not suitable read/write
2)Speed-up time too short 2)Extend the speed-up time
3)Reduce load or replace the inverter with Parameter
3)Load too large E-22 copy: error
larger capacity
Fault of Exterior device has fault, Open the input terminal of exterior
E-16 exterior
device input terminal is closed device and solve the fault.
1)Set the correct baud rate
1)Baud rate set wrongly 2)Check communication cable, ask for help
Fault of Rs485
E-17 2)Serial communication error 3)Check host machine is in service or not,
communication
3)No comm. signal from host machine wire connection is correct or not.
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Chapter 10Maintenance and repair Part name Service life (replace period)
10.1Inspection and maintenance Cooling fan 1~3 years
During the service of inverter, besides the daily inspection, it needs periodical check
(such as at the period of overhauling and every 6 months at maxi), please perform according to Filtration capacitor 4-5 years
following table, to prevent the unexpected accident.
Printed circuit board 5-8 years
Check Check Check Problem to be check Inspection methods Decision requirement
period position item
If any abnormality 10.3Storage
Any time Display LED screen happen Identify according
Visual If the inverter will not be used immediately after purchased, it need storing some time or long time,
to normal status
it shall perform the following requirements:
Cooling Any abnormal 10.3.1It shall keep in the place where there has no moisture, no dust and metal powder, and well ven
Any time system Fan Visual or sound No abnormality
sound or vibration -tilated, temperature is not out of the scope, as specified in standard.
10.3.2. If not used more than 1 year, it shall perform charging test, make the filtration capacitor of
Ambient Temperature, humidity, main circuit to recover. When to charge, increase the input voltage till up to rated voltage gradually
Any time Body Visual, smell, feel According to clause 2-1
condition dust, poisonous gas by use of voltage regulator, electrified duration shall more than 1-2 hours. This test shall be done
every year.
Input, output voltage Measure: R, S, T,
Any time Input side Voltage According to standard. 10.3.3Test of withstand voltage can’t be performed, or this will lead the service life to being short or
is abnormal or not and U,V,W terminals make inverter to be damaged. Test of insulation can be measured before to put into service, by use of
Fixings is 500V megger, its insulation resistance not less than 4MΩ
loose or not, 10.4Measurement and conclusion
Overall any overheating, Visual, tighten When the user choose clamp type ammeter to measure the current, input current may have unbalanced
discharging, No abnormality value, general within 50%, this is normal case. When to use multimeter to measure the 3-P output volt
appearance up, clean
too much dust, -age, the reading may be not accurate because of the interference of carrying wave freq and response
wind passage of the multimeter, the reading data is just for reference only.
blocked
On period Main
circuit Capacitor Its surface has No abnormality Chapter 11Optional parts
Visual inspection
abnormality or not
Conductor No abnormality According to working conditions and requirement, the user may choose the exterior
If it is loose or not Visual inspection
and busbar devices, the wiring diagram as shown in the following picture and table:
11.1AC reactor
Terminals Bolt or screw Tighten up No abnormality AC reactor can restrict the high times harmonic waves of the input current, improve
is loose or not the power factor obviously. We recommend the user should use the reactor at the foll
-owing applications:
During inspecting, don’t dismantle or sway the parts of inverter, also not allowed to pull 11.1.1When the ratio between power source capacity and inverter capacity more than
the plug-in accessories, otherwise it may lead to abnormal servicing or enter into fault display 10:1,11.1.2The same power source has the load with transistor or power factor comp-
status, element may be damaged, even IGBT module is damaged. When it needs measure, diffe ensation device with ON/OFF control
-rent meter may get the result with big deviation. We recommend user of utilizing pointer type 11.1.3The 3-P unbalance voltage is some big (>3%)
voltmeter to measure input voltage, and rectification voltmeter to detect output voltage, clamp 11.2Communication filter
type ammeter to measure input and output current, and use the electric driven wattmeter to mea This filter is used to restrict the conduction of electromagnetic interference produced
-sure the power. by inverter, also exterior radio interference or transient surge on this inverter. Filter
shall be closed to inverter as possible.
10.2The components need replacement periodically For those applications that radio interference resistance is high and should meet with
In order to ensure the inverter running reliably, besides the periodical maintenance and CE, UL, CSA standard, but interference immunity is not enough, it shall use this filter.
inspection, it needs replace the wearing parts: cooling fan, filtration capacitor of main circuit, 11.3Braking element and resistor
and printed circuit board on period. Generally during continuous service, it can replace these Maxi braking torque of ADL980 series inverter is 50%. The user just choose accor
parts after the period listed in following table, also it should depend on the actual working con -ding to the following table
-ditions, loading conditions, and inverter status.
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Commun ADL980-4055G/4075P 20 30 4
Used to reduce the radio
interference of input side -ication
produced by inverter filter ADL980-4075G/4110P 30 30 6
ADL980-4110G/4150P 30 50 8
It used in the application
where the braking torque Feedback
can't meet with, suitable braking T S R ADL980-4150G/4185P 35 60 10
for the load with large in P
-ertia or frequent braking. element ADL980
ADL980-4185G/4220P 50 75 16
W V U N
Used to reduce the radio Communi ADL980-4220G/4300P 50 100 16
interference of output side -cation
produced by inverter + ADL980-4300G/4370P 80 125 25
filter
-
Used in the application ADL980-4370G/4450P 80 150 25
where there need contin Capacitor
-uous running but the tr
-ansient power failure of bank M ADL980-4450G/4550P 100 200 30
system is more than 20ms
If the user need larger braking torque for the above-mentioned braking element, ADL980-43150G/43500P 800 1000 200
please select Weichuang products, please read his operation manual, others of large
capacity do not include the built-in braking element. If braking function is requested, ADL980-43500G/44000P 800 1000 200
please select his product as well.
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The above data refer to G type. Please select the proper accessories for P type inverter
according to same capacity of G type and the working status.
11.5Capacitors
This optional device is especially used for the application where need continuous runn
-ing but transient power failure more than 20ms. When to purchase it, please indicate the ac
-tual load capacity, the continuous running duration after power off, for the proper selection
of accessory.
Because this device will have influence on some parameter of inverter, so we did not rec
-ommend the user to provide by itself. Please ask for help from factory as necessary.
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