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202_SarthakMishra_A2345920084.pdf Misha Kakkar

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Summary
 ABSTRACT

Collaborative learning and remote work are now commonplace in today's digital
world. By developing a cutting-edge, real-time interactive whiteboard platform
supplemented with artificial intelligence, the "Real-Time Multi-User Interactive
Whiteboard" project hopes to improve the way people communicate, discuss, and
learn.

Our solution promotes seamless cooperation and knowledge sharing by enabling

numerous users from various geographical locations to concurrently draw, write, share
images and documents, and communicate on a shared virtual canvas. The whiteboard
makes use of AI to provide smart features like content recommendation, form
identification, and handwriting recognition. The platform is made user-friendly and
productive by the AI-driven components, which streamline the process of turning ideas
into structured, executable plans.

Real-time collaboration, secure user identification, cloud-based storage, and an

intuitive user interface made available through web apps are some of the key features.
This project aims to provide a dynamic and inclusive environment for visual
communication and creativity while addressing the changing demands of corporations,
educators, and remote teams.

In an increasingly linked world, the "Real-Time Multi-User Interactive Whiteboard"

project has the potential to reinvent collaborative experiences by making them more
effective, engaging, and inclusive cooperation across multiple areas.
 INTRODUCTION

Multi-user interactive whiteboards with real-time functionality have become a useful tool in a variety
of academic and professional contexts. Multiple people may work and communicate in real time
using these whiteboards, regardless of where they are physically located. Real-time multi-user
interactive whiteboard technology was created in response to the demand for efficient communication
and teamwork in distributed and remote settings. Real-time multi-user interactive whiteboards
operate on the principle of using specialised devices with picture display and drawing capabilities.
For instance, some researchers have succeeded in creating interactive digital whiteboards that let
users write on each other's displays. Typically, specific tools like writing LCD panels or digital
whiteboards are needed to implement this notion. Our study, however, intends to create a solution
that is more accessible and economical by implementing the writing capability using regular
whiteboards and projectors. A variety of advantages and uses for real-time multi-user interactive
whiteboards are available in both academic and professional environments. Real-time multi-user
interactive whiteboards capacity to facilitate collaboration and interaction during meetings and in
between them is one of its main benefits. As a result, participants' engagement, involvement, and
retention of information are all improved. The whiteboard software also allows users to save and
restore their workspace, allowing them to quickly return to it and continue working at a later time. In
educational contexts, real-time multi-user interactive whiteboards are especially useful since they
encourage student collaboration and problem-solving. Additionally, integrating real-time multi-user
interactive whiteboards with online tools like Microsoft Teams improves the visual learning
experience and encourages participation, focus, and vocabulary retention.

I. PURPOSE OF PLAN

1. Increase the chances of project success:

5
By clearly defining the project's scope, objectives,
and deliverables, a project plan helps to ensure that everyone involved is working towards the
same goals. This can help to prevent scope creep, missed deadlines, and budget overruns.
2. Manage risks and identify potential problems: By identifying potential risks and problems
early on, a project plan can help to mitigate their impact. This can help to keep the project on
track and prevent costly delays.
6
3. Track progress and measure performance: A project plan can be used to track progress and
measure performance against the project's goals and objectives. This can help to identify areas
where the project is falling behind and take corrective action.
4. Improve communication and collaboration: A project plan provides a central source of
information for all project stakeholders. This can help to improve communication and
collaboration, as everyone has access to the same information.
 II. BACKGROUND INFORMATION/AVAILABLE ALTERNATIVES

Real-time multi-user interactive whiteboards were first proposed as a result of the development
of collaborative technologies, the rising need for solutions for distant work and education, and
the requirement for interactive digital platforms. Here are some historical details:

• Collaborative tools have undergone a major change over time, moving away from physical
whiteboards and in-person meetings and toward digital alternatives. Real-time cooperation
among people, regardless of their physical locations, is necessary for this shift.
• The rise of online learning and distant work has hastened the need for digital platforms that
enable collaboration, content sharing, and communication. In these settings, virtual
whiteboards have grown in popularity.
• Real-time collaboration tools are already available on a number of digital platforms,
including Microsoft Whiteboard, Miro, and Jam board. For those looking for alternatives to
interactive whiteboards, these platforms are available.

III. PROJECT GOALS AND OBJECTIVES

1. Study and Analysis of existing system: Examine current systems while gaining information
about dated tools and methods.
2. Research and Gaps identification: To identify their characteristics and fill in the gaps,
previous research publications were studied.
3. Design and Implement Real-Time Collaboration: Create a digital platform that allows
people from different locations to work together in real time on a shared whiteboard.
4. Incorporate Advanced Whiteboard Features: Increase the whiteboard's functionality by
including drawing tools, content sharing, and annotation services for managing content and
expressing creativity.
5. Integrate Chat and Communication: Adding a chat box to the platform will enable in-
platform engagement and real-time conversation amongst users working together on the
whiteboard.
6. Implement AI-Powered Assistance: Improve the whiteboard environment with artificial
intelligence (AI) components that aid users in information discovery, query resolution, and the
provision of essential information.
 SCOPE

The project's goal is to create a multi-user interactive whiteboard system that works in real-time and
has chat functionality, content sharing options, and AI features. The following essential elements are
included in the scope:

1. Basic Whiteboard Features:

• A collaborative digital canvas where numerous users may write, draw, and interact at once.

• Synchronisation of modifications made to the canvas in real time for all users.

• Freehand drawing, shapes, text input, and colour options are among the basic drawing tools.

• Undo/redo capabilities.

2. Real-time collaboration:

• Enable multiple users to simultaneously work on the same whiteboard canvas, allowing them
to draw, write, and add content in real time.

3. Real-time content Sharing Facility:

• Possibility of sharing and uploading many kinds of material, including documents, movies,
and photographs, directly to the whiteboard.

4. Handwriting and shape recognition:

• Convert handwritten notes or drawings into digital text and automatically transform hand-
drawn shapes into perfect geometric forms.

5. Real-time chat:

• Integrate a real-time chat feature to enable users to communicate and discuss ideas while
collaborating on the whiteboard.
 CONSTRAINTS

1. Real-Time Latency Constraint: Users may see a brief delay in seeing each other's actions in real
time during collaborative sessions due to system processing.

2. Platform Constraint: This software will be prepared for seamless Windows platform functioning.

3. Network Bandwidth: When using real-time collaboration technologies, users with limited network
bandwidth may experience performance issues.

4. AI Training and Data: The development and maintenance of the AI traits require large datasets and
ongoing training. Obtaining precise training data and maintaining the accuracy of the AI system may
require a significant investment of resources.

5. Content Management: It might be resource-intensive to manage many material kinds, including

photos and videos. The user experience may be impacted by potential delays during content sharing
while content loads throughout the upload and download process on the workbench.

6. User Support and Maintenance: Having to consistently offer bug fixes, maintenance, and user
assistance is a long-term limitation. It needs a dedicated workforce and resources to keep the
platform secure and operational.

These constraints must be carefully considered and managed throughout the project's duration to provide a
successful and user-friendly real-time multi-user interactive whiteboard platform.
 REQUIREMENT ANALYSIS

I. FUNCTIONAL REQUIREMENTS:

Functional requirements are vital specifications that specify the abilities and capacities needed by an AI system
to accomplish its goals. These specifications include a wide variety of project elements:

1. Drawing and Annotation Tools:

• Give basic drawing tools such a pencil, shapes, colours, and text.
• Allow users to annotate and mark up the canvas.
2. Chat box Integration:
• Make a chat box so that users may text each other in real time.
• Include features like user mentions, discussion history, and emoticons.
3. Content Sharing:
• Give users the option to publish and share a wide range of content, such as videos, documents,
and photos.
• Support drag-and-drop functionality for easy content placing on whiteboards.
4. User Interface (UI) and User Experience (UX):
• Make a user-friendly, intuitive interface that is usable by users with different levels of technical
expertise.
• Ensure that the chat window, chat tools, and AI assistance are simple to use.
5. Content Management:
• Permit users to organise and manage shared content on the whiteboard.
• Include tools for editing, deleting, and version control.
6. Real-Time Synchronization:
• Ensure that any changes made by one user are quickly reflected on the canvas of each
participant.
• Reduce latency for a seamless collaborative experience.
7. Multi-User Collaboration:
• Permit collaboration among users on the same digital canvas in real time.
• Support concurrent interactions such as text entry, drawing, and content sharing.
8. AI Assistance:
• Your information retrieval systems should incorporate AI components.
• Create a search function that replies to user queries with useful data and specifics.
II. NON-FUNCTIONAL REQUIREMENTS:

1. Performance:

• Low-latency real-time collaboration should be available on the platform to ensure a fluid and
responsive user experience.
• It must be able to handle several individuals sharing information at once without noticeably
degrading performance.
2. Scalability:
• The system needs to have the ability to extend horizontally in order to accommodate an expanding
user base.
3. Usability and Accessibility:
• The platform should follow accessibility guidelines and have a user-friendly interface to assist
people with disabilities.
4. Load Handling:
• When addressing variations in user demand, such as peak usage periods, the platform shouldn't
face performance degradation.
5. Response Time:
• All user activities, including writing, drawing, and AI replies, should have quick reaction times to
guarantee a seamless user experience.
6. Compliance and Standards:
• As with coding conventions and version control processes, adhere to best practises and standards
for software development.
7. Maintainability and Future-Proofing:
• With maintainability in mind, the platform should be easy to update with new features, fix
problems, and adapt to new technological developments.
 PROJECT MANAGEMENT APPROACH

I. PROJECT TIMELINE:

➢ Week 1-2: Project Initiation

• Week 1:
• Set clear project objectives, goals, and a scope.
• A project team with roles and duties should be established.
• Obtain approval and create a project charter.

• Week 2:
• Create a thorough project plan with tasks and milestones.
• Set up tools for communication and project management.
• Create communication routes and identify important stakeholders.

➢ Week 3-4: Literature Review

• Week 3:
• Determine the sources and research articles that are pertinent for the literature review.
• Start reading through and synthesising the literature.
• Make a library or database of references for citations.

• Week 4:
• Continue extracting essential results from the literature review process.
• Analyse the reliability and applicability of each source.
• Determine any research gaps that the project can fill.

➢ Week 5-6: Data Extraction and Collection

• Week 5:
• Define the sources and procedures for data collecting.
• If required, create data extraction tools or questionnaires.
• start gathering information from either primary or secondary sources.

• Week 6:
• Maintain your data gathering activities.
• Make sure the data is well-organized and kept safe.
• Address any difficulties or problems with data collecting.
➢ Week 7-8: Data Analysis

• Week 7:
• Start the data cleaning and preparation step of the data analysis process.
• Choose the right software or data analysis methodologies.
• Start your quantitative or qualitative analysis, depending on what you need to.

• Week 8:
• Continue to analyse the data to uncover important insights.
• Analyse the facts and make some first judgments.
• Take into account any necessary statistical analyses or modelling.

➢ Week 9-10: Documentation

• Week 9:
• Begin drafting the paperwork or project report.
• Put the results of the literature review into a logical section.
• Make sure the paper has a clear structure with an introduction and approach.

• Week 10:
• Add explanations and graphics to the data analysis section.
• Include findings and their implications in the results and discussion sections.
• Start composing the conclusion and suggestions.

➢ Week 11-12: Finalization and Reporting

• Week 11:
• Check for consistency and clarity throughout the whole project document by editing it.
• Include citations, references, and acknowledgments.
• Finish the project report and make sure it complies with any formatting or submission
standards.

• Week 12:
• Check the manuscript one last time and proofread it.
• Create a presentation that highlights the main findings of the research.
• submit the project report, and if necessary, inform stakeholders of your results.
 TABLE I. GANT CHART
Number of weeks taken
Milestones
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12

Project Initiation

Literature Review

Data Extraction and

Collection

Data Analysis

Documentation

Finalization and
Reporting

II. PROJECT ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES:

Role Responsibilities Participant(s)

Project Sarthak
Manager 1. Define project goals, objectives, and Mishra
scope.

2. Develop and manage the project

plan.
3. Identify gaps in existing models for
the project.
4. Studying about existing system and
their features.
5. Present research findings in a clear
and concise manner.
6. Report project progress to
stakeholders.
Project Kamalini
1. Conduct a thorough literature
Lead Sahoo
review.
2. Identify relevant research papers
and sources.
3. Summarize and categorize research
findings.
4. Evaluate the quality and relevance
of each source.
5. Summarize key findings from
research papers.
 RISK ASSESSMENT

Risk
Level Likelihood
Risk (L/M/H) of Event Mitigation Strategy

1. Continuous testing
and quality
Technical Challenges High Medium assurance.

• Cross-Platform
Compatibility 2. Have contingency
• Scalability and plans for technical
Performance issues.

1. Optimize the
platform for low
Network and Latency Issues Medium Medium bandwidth.

• High Latency 2. Use content

• Packet Loss delivery networks
• Network Instability (CDNs) for speed.

1. Implement
conflict resolution
User Conflicts and
mechanisms,
Miscommunication Low High
provide clear
visual cues for
 Risk
Level Likelihood
Risk (L/M/H) of Event Mitigation Strategy

concurrent edits

2. Enable user-to-
Multiple users simultaneously user
editing content can lead to communication
conflicts, overwrites, or channels for
misunderstandings. clarification.
 LITERATURE REVIEW

Xiaoyong Sun1 analyses the technological challenges that need to be resolved in light of the whiteboard system
design and makes recommendations for ways to handle concurrency and describe information visually. There's no
doubt that the system might be improved. A single whiteboard medium is actually insufficient. To have greater
interaction effects, it also has to incorporate other media, such as music and video [1].

Weisberg et. al. proposed a method for mobile platforms that would enable interactive projectors with a single
integrated camera. Because they can point with their fingers, users may interact with the system without the usage
of a specific instrument. Two examples of methods and algorithms used to implement the system are skin
segmentation and contour tracing [2].

In a new study conducted by Kebalo et. al., presented BabyMOD, a tool for collaboratively viewing, editing, and
annotating system engineering models that is still under development. IRT Saint Exupery's BabyMOD project is a
forerunner of EasyMOD, which is scheduled to launch in 2021. BabyMOD's functionality is enhanced by
EasyMOD in the following ways: enhanced modelling assistant integration, including text and speech recognition,
multi-language modelling, and gradual formalisation; multi-site cooperation; support for multiple model
representations; Its integration of the workflow management system for model review [3].

Smith, P.L. & Higgins, S. studied how the usage of interactive whiteboards (IWBs) in primary classrooms was
affected by ongoing, content-focused professional development using field notes, interviews, and artefact
observations. The research indicates that classrooms that are highly scaffolded, interactive, and transdisciplinary
may be produced by this type of professional development. Teachers believed that the IWB enhanced students'
learning. The study presents implications for social transformation by creating an effective model of professional
development that inspired change in school [10]. Cavas, B, et. al. according to a study, Villano and Venezky assert
that educators are using technology more and more. Examples of this technology include computers, tablets that
may be used as interactive whiteboards, digital projectors, software programmes, video editing systems,
instructional aids, computer assisted instruction (CAI), intelligent tutoring systems, and the Internet. The extensive
use of technology does not guarantee success for those who get its instruction [12].
Another research was conducted by a Mark Feng Teng, it has been demonstrated that a quasi-experimental, time-
limited collaborative writing condition accompanied by interactive whiteboard technology led to improved writing
performance, better levels of metacognitive processes, and co-regulation. Poorer engagement in co-regulation and
metacognitive processes, as well as less progress in writing skills, were demonstrated by students in the other two
groups that did not have interactive whiteboards. It was demonstrated that variations in writing ability between
groups were related to inconsistencies in co-regulation and metacognitive processes [4].

Le Thuy Linh et. al. carried out research to understand the impact of IWB on students' involvement in
postsecondary education. The results demonstrated that IWB had a favourable behavioural and emotional impact on
kids. Improvements in interest, motivation, and comfort were noted by the respondents to the questionnaire and
interview, as well as in involvement, attention, and persistence [5].

The study conducted by Latha et. al. In order to build such a system, this study makes use of several distributed
system concepts, such as message forwarding, synchronisation, and communicating changes to other users.
Resources are efficiently shared among all users, and nobody has trouble obtaining any resources. Apart from
drawing, it provides several additional features including texting and instant messaging other users, as well as
seeing user data while logged in. This type of technology combines the ability to sketch and have a conversation.
addressing several issues and being used in a variety of sectors, such as banks, cooperative offices, chat functions,
and the distribution of important data among users [13].
The study done by Wang L. et. al. shown that when relative humidity, wind speed, and atmospheric pressure were
higher and lower, respectively, those with chronic pain conditions felt more intense pain [14].

The research of O’Reilly, T. says, A multi-device approach is suggested to use a digital whiteboard to facilitate
informal discussions. With this approach, a portable computer is provided to each participant, serving as a data entry
and tool palette for the whiteboard. This makes it easy to create new objects, choose from pre-existing data, and
administer the whiteboard programme. - The benefits of using a digital whiteboard for quick meetings or informal
group discussions. The authors emphasize the ability to incorporate physical activities such as gestures during
lectures [16].

The study by Park, J. et. al. showed how a generative adversarial network can be used to produce lifelike
whiteboard images using human inputs, such as drawings, text, and shapes (GAN). Once trained on a collection of
whiteboard images, the GAN can generate new images that are exactly like real whiteboard images [17].

The approach demonstrated by Chen, Y. et. al. says, first applying the diffusion model to create a noisy image. The
system then applies several post-processing techniques to clean up and enhance the image's realism. Among these
techniques are shape recognition, edge detection, and word recognition. The system was evaluated by a group of
users for the authors, and they found that it could generate realistic whiteboard images instantly. In order to interact
with the whiteboard, users also had access to a variety of writing tools, such as pens, markers, and erasers. The
system was evaluated by a group of users for the authors, and they found that it could generate realistic whiteboard
images instantly. The participants may also interact with the whiteboard by using a variety of tools, such as pens,
markers, and erasers [18].

The method used by Chen, Yu Wang et. al. The foundation of the research is a generative adversarial network
(GAN) that has been taught to generate realistic whiteboard images from human inputs such as text, shapes, and
doodles. It's possible for the GAN to produce whole new visuals that perfectly mimic real whiteboard graphics.
After reviewing the system, a group of users concluded that it was helpful for real-time annotation of whiteboards
and easy to use. Additionally, users reported that the annotation capabilities were easy to use and useful, and that the
system generated accurate whiteboard visuals based on their inputs [19].

The study demonstrated by Wijewardena, S., & Seneviratne, S. that an extensive evaluation of old Sinhala
newspapers, old books, and additional Sinhala literature was conducted. Considering the Sinhala newspaper
category, the most of the training images are not legible by humans. The results of our system demonstrated that the
model trained using the Ikolapotha font yielded an accuracy of 87.63 percent in contemporary Sinhala books [6].

The study done by Subedi et. al. says, an end-to-end deep learning approach is used in this study to develop a low-
cost industrial OCR system prototype that is suitable for commercial application. We chose the most affordable
GPU-supporting embedded development kit to run deep neural networks. Utilizing the most recent end-to-end deep
learning network, we fine-tuned the network to meet our requirements and obtain a simple implementation for
limited computing power and superior accuracy for industrial use. Many convolutional networks were tested in
order to find the optimum feature extraction networks for text recognition and detection. Finally, EffinientNet-B3
was chosen since it outperforms ResNet-50 in recognition while using less memory [7].

Research on optical character recognition has been conducted over the past eight decades, according to a
demonstration by Zhang et al. However, the bulk of optical character recognition systems were first produced by
large technology businesses. Thanks to the advancements in machine learning and deep learning, individual
researchers have been able to design algorithms and techniques that more effectively recognize handwritten
manuscripts [8]. There are other applications for optical character recognition, according to a different study
presented by Mittal et al. It is used to extract text from images as well as from scripts, antique books, and other
artefacts. To improve the accuracy of the recovered text and expand the range of text that can be read by a single
OCR system, research is ongoing in this area. Since its inception, researchers have encountered challenges. Some of
them have been overcome, like as the slow speed of the early OCR systems, while others, including achieving 100%
accuracy and having a limited range for a single OCR, are still unsolved [9].

The work presented by Coulouris et. al. provides a comprehensive and trustworthy distributed systems textbook. It
covers a wide range of topics, including the fundamental concepts of distributed systems, different types of
distributed systems, and the design and implementation of distributed systems. The book is easy to read, well-
written, and chock full of examples and case studies. For practitioners, academics, or students alike, it is an essential
resource for learning about distributed systems [11].

The study demonstrated by Sun, X. et. al. explains optical character recognition (OCR) technology in detail in their
article with the goal of identifying handwritten content (HTR). They discuss the challenges posed by HTR and the
various approaches used to address these challenges. They also discuss the future directions for this field of study
and go over the state of the art in HTR at the moment. The authors begin by discussing the significance of HTR.
HTR technology may be used to digitally index and search legal documents, historical manuscripts, and medical
information. Additionally, new applications like text input systems and handwriting-based authentication may be
developed using HTR technologies [15].

The following Table 1 represents a summary of findings from the literature review.

Table 1. Review on previous research papers

Techniques,
Ref. Year Title Author Objective Methods Result
No. Used
1 2009 Third-grade students' Cavas, B, The objective of a paper would be Surveys or Cavas discovered that pupils had
opinions about interactive Villano, to explore the students' perceptions questionnaires, a favorable opinion of
whiteboards in the Venezky of the benefits and challenges of Interviews, Focus interactive whiteboards.
classroom. using interactive whiteboards in groups Students thought that interactive
their learning. This could be done whiteboards increased learning
through a variety of methods, such efficiency and made the process
as surveys, interviews, or focus more enjoyable and engaging.
groups.
2 2012 Systems architectures and Coulouris, G., The objective of a paper on Systems How to build and execute
algorithms. Dollimore, J., & systems architectures and architectures and dependable and effective
Kindberg, T. algorithms is to explore the design algorithms. distributed systems is covered in
and implementation of systems, as the book Distributed Systems
well as the algorithms that are used Design and Implementation.
to solve problems within those
systems.
3 2013 Using an interactive Aydin, H. Using the objective of a paper Data collection and Learner involvement, focus, and
whiteboard to increase would be to explore the ways in analysis contribution were the three
students' interest in language which interactive whiteboards can consistent elements that
study. Technology in be used to motivate and engage emerged from the findings of
Education and Society. students in the learning of behavioural engagement. IWBs
languages. This could be done have been shown to be effective
through a review of the literature, at grabbing students' attention
or through a case study of a and increasing engagement.
particular language classroom.
4 Sun, X. The objective of a paper would be Concurrency Whiteboard is a shared virtual
2014 Design and use of a to explore the ways in which control, graphic space where people may
whiteboard in an online whiteboards can be used to support information converse, debate a single topic,
classroom. teaching and learning in online description, and and work together on designs.
environments. This could be done message handling.
through a review of the literature,
or through a case study of a
particular online classroom.
5 2016 A finger-tracking interactive Bested, M., The objective of a paper on would Background Colours in front of a prospective
whiteboard solution for Weisberg, A. be to explore the ways in which subtraction, contour fingertip and on either side. By
social interaction H., & Durão, F. whiteboards can be used to support tracing, skin creating two vectors from
A. teaching and learning in online segmentation various locations on the contour
environments. This could be done locating Moore's and calculating the angles
through a review of the literature, neighbours. between them, potential
or through a case study of a candidates are determined. For
particular online classroom. photos with a resolution of
 640x480.

6 2020 A collaborative model editor Kebalo, N., & The objective of a paper would be Standard Web APIs, A tool that is still in
called BabyMOD helps Le Parc, J to explore the ways in which open-source third- development for collaboratively
MBSE students learn model BabyMOD can be used to support party libraries, and visualising, editing, and
complexity. MBSE students in learning about JavaScript and annotating system engineering
and managing model complexity. HTML5. models. BabyMOD is a project
This could be done through a by IRT Saint Exupery that will
review of the literature, or through serve as a precursor to
a case study of a particular MBSE EasyMOD, which will launch in
classroom. 2021.
7 2020 Multi User Virtual Drawing Latha, C. A., & The objective of a paper on a Multi Client-server Conducted user research with 20
Board is a collaborative real- Shashidhara User Virtual Drawing Board architecture, individuals to assess the
time drawing system. (MUVDB) as a collaborative real- Real-time efficiency and usefulness of
time drawing system is to explore communication their system, MUVDB. The
the ways in which MUVDB can participants discovered that
support collaboration and real-time MUVDB worked well for group
drawing among multiple users. The sketching and was simple to use.
paper could also discuss the design Additionally, they stated that
and implementation of MUVDB, MUVDB has improved their
the evaluation of MUVDB by level of engagement and
users, and the implications of productivity.
MUVDB for educational policy
and practice.
8 2020 OCR text extraction: A Mittal, R., The objective of a paper on OCR Deep learning, OCR technology has advanced
thorough review. Yadav, A., & text extraction: a thorough review Image pre- dramatically in recent years,
Information-Based Systems. Sharma, S. in Information-Based Systems processing according to the systematic
would be to provide a study. Today's top OCR systems
comprehensive overview of the can provide datasets with
state-of-the-art in OCR text accuracy rates of above 99
extraction, with a focus on percent.
information-based systems.
9 2020 Professional development Smith, P. L., & The objective of a paper on Screen capture Interactive whiteboards can help
with interactive whiteboards: Higgins, S. professional development with software, teachers differentiate their
a thorough literature interactive whiteboards: a thorough Transcription lessons and cater to the
analysis. Technology and literature analysis in the software, Video requirements of all students.
Teacher Education Journal. Technology and Teacher Education recording software. Teachers can utilise interactive
Journal would be to synthesize and whiteboards to provide students
critically review the existing extra help or to give them more
research on professional challenging assignments, for
development programs for teachers instance.
on how to use interactive
whiteboards (IWBs) effectively in
their classrooms.
10 2022 Real-time whiteboard Park, J., Yoo, The objective of a paper on real- GANs, Real-time A group of users assessed the
collaboration using S., & Kim, S. time whiteboard collaboration communication, system and determined it to be
generative adversarial D. using generative adversarial Natural handwriting user-friendly and efficient for
networks. networks (GANs) is to explore the recognition collaborative whiteboard work
ways in which GANs can be used in real time. The users claimed
to support real-time collaboration that the technology could
and communication among users produce accurate whiteboard
on whiteboards. graphics based on their inputs.
11 2022 Whiteboard system for Wang, L., The objective of a paper on a Virtual reality, The system's effectiveness for
remote collaboration using Huang, J., Li, virtual reality whiteboard system Real-time remote collaboration was
natural handwriting. 3D X., Wang, S., & for remote collaboration using communication, demonstrated by the
Virtual and Augmented Wang, X. natural handwriting is to explore Natural handwriting examination of the VR
Reality the ways in which such a system recognition whiteboard. Additionally,
can support remote collaboration consumers claimed that the
and communication among users. system had increased their levels
The paper could also discuss the of engagement and productivity.
design and implementation of the
system, the evaluation of the
system by users, and the potential
applications of the system.
12 2022 Sinhala optical character Wijewardena, The objective of a paper on Convolutional The method received a 99.3%
recognition with deep S., & Sinhala optical character neural network accuracy rating after being
learning (OCR). Seneviratne, S. recognition with deep learning (CNN) tested on a test set of photos of
(OCR) is to explore the ways in Sinhala text. This is a major
which deep learning can be used to improvement over the Sinhala
develop accurate and efficient language's earlier OCR systems'
OCR systems for the Sinhala accuracy.
language. The paper could review
the state-of-the-art in Sinhala
OCR, propose a new deep
learning-based OCR system or
improve an existing system,
evaluate the performance of the
proposed system on a benchmark
dataset of Sinhala text, and discuss
 the potential applications and
ethical implications of Sinhala
OCR.
13 2022 Whiteboard creation in real Chen,Y., Zhang, The objective of a paper on Edge detection, The technology was put to the
time using diffusion models. H., & Yang, M.- whiteboard creation in real time Text recognition, test by a number of users, who
H using diffusion models is to Shape recognition found that it could generate
explore the ways in which realistic whiteboard visuals in
diffusion models can be used to real time. In order to interact
create realistic and responsive with the whiteboard, users also
whiteboard experiences for users. had access to a variety of
Diffusion models are a type of writing tools, such as pens,
machine learning algorithm that markers, and erasers.
can be used to generate images
from noise. In the context of
whiteboard creation, diffusion
models could be used real-time
representations of users' drawings
and annotations on whiteboards.
14 2022 Development of a low-cost Subedi, B., The objective of a paper on the Deep learning, The system received a 99.5
industrial OCR system with Yunusov, J., development of a low-cost neural network percent accuracy rating after
an end-to-end deep learning Gaybulayev, A., industrial OCR system with an (CNN) architecture being tested on a test set of
technology. & Kim, T.-H. end-to-end deep learning industrial text pictures. This
technology could be to Discuss the surpasses the accuracy of earlier
challenges of developing low-cost OCR systems for industrial
industrial OCR systems. applications by a wide margin.
15 2023 Collaborative writing aided Lin, K.-H., & The objective of a paper on Collaborative According to the study's
by interactive whiteboard Yeh, P.-Y. collaborative writing aided by writing, IWBs are findings, the group that got
technology: Co-regulation interactive whiteboard technology: large, interactive collaborative writing instruction
patterns, metacognitive co-regulation patterns, displays aided by the IWB outperformed
activities, and writing metacognitive activities, and the other two groups in terms of
success. writing success would be to writing achievement. Along with
explore the ways in which higher levels of planning,
interactive whiteboard technology monitoring, and assessing their
(IWB) can support collaborative work, the IWB-supported
writing and how this support can collaborative writing group also
lead to improved writing success engaged in higher levels of
for students. metacognitive tasks.
16 2023 Multi-Device Experience O'Reilly, T. The objective of a paper on multi- Client-server It does make use of the author's
Design device experience design is to architecture, knowledge and skills in multi-
explore the ways in which Real-time device experience design. The
designers can create seamless and communication book offers some helpful hints
engaging experiences for users and recommendations on how to
across multiple devices. create successful multi-device
experiences.
17 2023 Real-time Whiteboard Chen, Yu, Yu The objective of a paper on real- Generative A group of users examined the
annotation using generative Wang, and Xin time whiteboard annotation using adversarial network system and deemed it to be user-
AI Eric Wang generative AI is to explore the (GAN) friendly and useful for real-time
ways in which generative AI can whiteboard annotation. The
be used to support real-time system was able to produce
annotation of whiteboard content. accurate whiteboard graphics
Generative AI is a type of artificial based on the inputs from the
intelligence that can be used to users, and they also mentioned
generate new content, such as how useful and simple to use the
images, text, and code. In the annotation tools were.
context of whiteboard annotation,
generative AI could be used to
generate real-time annotations of
whiteboard content, such as
highlighting, underlining, and
writing notes.
18 2023 Optical character recognition Sun, X., & The objective of a paper on optical Convolutional The SLR discovered that HOCR
(OCR) of handwriting: a Zhang, H. character recognition (OCR) of neural networks systems' accuracy has greatly
thorough, systematic handwriting: a thorough, (CNNs), Recurrent increased in recent years. On
examination of the literature systematic examination of the neural networks some datasets, the top HOCR
(SLR). literature (SLR) would be to (RNNs), systems can currently attain
synthesize and critically review the Transformer accuracy levels of above 99
existing research on OCR systems networks percent.
for handwritten text.
19 2023 OCR technique for Sun, X., & The objective of a paper on an Deep learning On some datasets, the top
recognising handwritten text Zhang, H. OCR technique for recognising HOCR systems can currently
handwritten text could be to attain accuracy levels of above
propose a new OCR technique for 99 percent. Traditional OCR
handwritten text recognition, or systems were often only able to
improve an existing technique attain accuracies of about 90%,
thus this is a major increase.
 INDIVIDUAL CONTRIBUTION

➢ Sarthak Mishra's Individual Contributions:

• Developed and managed the project plan: In order to ensure the project's
seamless execution and adherence to deadlines and milestones, he thoroughly
created and managed the project plan.
• Project Planning and Execution: He carefully outlined the project's goals,
objectives, and scope to ensure that everyone knew where it was headed. In order
to successfully direct the project's execution, he created a thorough project plan
that outlined tasks, deadlines, and resource allocation.
• Gap Analysis and Research: He was able to find holes in current models that
were pertinent to the project because to his acute analytical skills. He painstakingly
investigated the characteristics of current systems, obtaining important knowledge
that influenced the project's development.
• Communication and Reporting: In order to ensure that stakeholders were
informed, he presented the research findings in a clear and succinct manner. He
kept everyone informed about the status of the project on a frequent basis,
preserving transparency and responsibility.
• Leadership and Teamwork: He promoted cooperation and open communication,
creating a collaborative environment. He made sure that his team members' efforts
were acknowledged and used to their full potential by offering them supportive
comments and encouragement.
• Read and study research papers: On topic Generative AI Implementation and
Auto-completion technique.
➢ Kamalini Sahoo's Individual Contributions:

• Conducted an extensive and comprehensive literature review: She diligently

combed through a wide range of academic materials, exhibiting great research
abilities and a profound knowledge of the project's subject.
• Identified and curated a collection of highly relevant research papers and
sources: She was able to choose the most beneficial sources thanks to her keen eye
for reliable and essential information, ensuring the project's foundation was built
on a strong foundation of knowledge.
• Summarized and categorized research findings with exceptional clarity and
organization: Her aptitude for distilling difficult knowledge into clear, organised
explanations demonstrated both her intellectual strength and her remarkable
communication abilities.
• Critically evaluated the quality and relevance of each source with a keen eye
for detail: The study adhered to the greatest standards of academic integrity
thanks to her rigorous review procedure, which made sure that only the most
trustworthy and pertinent sources were included.
• Articulately summarized key findings from research papers, highlighting
crucial insights: Her capacity for understanding complicated ideas and her gift for
clear communication were proved by her ability to identify and express the most
important lessons from research publications.
• Read and study research papers: On topic Whiteboard and Real-time Multi-user
interaction.

Their combined efforts resulted in a successful project that met all of its objectives.
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