SOC101 Mcqs MidTerm by Vu Topper RM

S0C-101 Introduction To Sociology
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Elderly people experience __________ that involves discrimination.
A. Agesim
B. Empowerment
In the context of early sociology, aberrant behavior was often compared

to an illness to emphasize the:
A. Harmful impact on social stability
B. Downplayed significance in society
C. Need for medical treatment
D. Role of genetics in such behavior
Which of the following is the most common factor in juvenile

delinquency in Pakistan?
A. Religious issue
B. Absolute Poverty
C. Racial issue
D. Gender violence
All of the following statements are true for the “Identity as Deviance”
Except:
A. Does not lead to the social exclusion
B. Does not conform to societal values
C. Does not conform to societal expectations
D. Does not conform the societal norms
In which of the following age group, socialization is mainly facilitated

by community organization?
A. Childhood
B. Adolescence
C. The middle years
D. Adulthood
According to Sutherland's Differential Association theory individuals

learn deviant behavior through random chance encounters.
A. true

B. false
Advertising companies are using images to influence gender roles in

society.
A. true
B. false
In which of the following age group, individual may face a pressure to

establish his/her career.
A. Childhood
B. Adulthood
C. Adolescence
D. Transitional Adulthood
The process of establishing our __________ identity starts from family.

A. Gender
B. Spirtuial
The "dread of punishment" as an inner control suggests that people fear

all forms of punishment equally.
A. False
B. True
Imprisonment is an example of which type of social control?

A. Internal
B. Formal
C. Informal
D. Traditional
Parents are concerned about their children hanging out with

___________ in neighborhoods.
A. Priests
B. Friends
C. Criminals
D. Athletes

What does "targeted deterrence" mean in the context of ideal social
control methods?
A. Indiscriminate punishment
B. Specific focused interventions
C. Unlimited law enforcement
D. Generalized legal measures
Re-socialization enforces the values of those in status quo who hold

power and authority.
A. True
B. False
The forefront tool to influence public and political opinion is

______________ mass media.
A. Unsynchronized
B. Contemporary
What is the significance of quickness in punishment according to the

deterrence hypothesis?
A. Enhances rehabilitation
B. Delays legal processes
C. Strengthens deterrence
D. Fosters leniency
When children mimic the roles of their parents, it is known as

plagiarism.
A. True
B. False
Differential Association in Edwin Sutherland’s theory means the

differences in family upbringing.
A. True
B. False

In which of the following age groups, individual explore new interests
and opportunities?
A. Adulthood
B. Childhood
C. Adolescence
D. The middle years
Shoplifting is an example of which of the following types of crime?

A. Victimless
B. Cyber
C. Violent
D. Property
According to Erving Goffman, how do stigmas affect individuals?

A. No interaction impact
B. Valued attributes
C. Elevate social status
D. Social disapproval
Expressions of disapproval for deviant behavior are known as

_________ .
A. Cultural norms
B. Positive reinforcements
C. Negative sanctions
D. Social acceptance
In which of the following approaches, socialization is viewed as a site

of struggle, where individuals and groups can resist and challenge
gendered norms and expectations?
A. Interactionist
B. Conflict
C. Feminist
D. Functionalist

Which of the following perspectives sees deviance as a normal and
necessary part of people living together?
A. Cultural Feminism
B. Symbolic Interactionism
C. Social Conflict
D. Structural Functionalism
The primary motivation for individuals involved in corporate crime is

revenge against competitors.
A. True
B. False
According to George Herbret Mead, the situation that cause resistance

and challenge for the assigned roles in society is known as:
A. Fallplay
B. Sideplay
C. Downplay
D. Miniplay
The media is a tool of the socialization process.

A. True
B. False
Why is certainty of punishment crucial in the deterrence hypothesis?

A. Boosts public opinion
B. Improves legal processes
C. Enhances rehabilitation
D. Deters criminal behavior
In which of the following age group, individuals may experiment

different identities?
A. Childhood
B. Adolescence
C. The old age
D. Adulthood

The primary motivation of people engaged in white collar crime is
personal gain and profit.
A. True
B. False
Sutherland's Differential Association theory emphasizes the role of

__________ in shaping an individual's behavior.
A. Government policies
B. Media depiction
C. Peer groups
D. Family background
In the context of positive sanctions, what does "smiles to formal

awards" represent?
A. Consequences of deviant action
B. Rewards to acknowledge conformity
C. Various punishment for deviance
D. Range of deviant behavior
Working-class parents give punishments to their children to discipline

them.
A. False
B. True
In which of the following approaches, socialization is viewed as

individual or groups resistance regarding gendered roles?
A. Interactionist
B. Conflict
C. Feminist
D. Functionalist
The ability to learn about reasoning and self-image is not a part of

socialization.
A. False

B. True
In terms of internal control mechanisms, the combined influence of

family upbringing and cultural norms is often referred to socialization.
A. True
B. False
Social interaction is a more healthy activity in older years of age.

A. False
B. True
Homicide is a type of violent crime.

A. True
B. False
Which one of the following agents of socialization provides models for

behavior and communication styles, and shape children’s ideas about
social role and relationship?
A. Education
B. Religion
C. Family
D. Peer group
What specific types of financial wrongdoing were associated with

individuals named in the Panama Papers leak related to Pakistan?
A. Tax evasion and money laundering
B. Embezzlement of government funds
C. Identity theft and credit card fraud
D. Counterfeiting currency in banks
Charles Horton Cooley looking-glass self-describes others point of

view regarding yourself.
A. True
B. False

The standard quality of life is affected by the ___________ and
opportunities.
A. Perceptions
B. Resources
Informal social control is commonly effective in addressing:

A. Corporate fraud
B. Cybercrimes
C. Neighborhood disputes
D. State-level offenses
In which of the following age group, individual may experiment

different social roles?
A. Childhood
B. The old age
C. Adolescence
D. Adulthood
Transnational adolescence belongs to post-industrial nations.

A. True
B. False
Which of the following theories claims that individuals are naturally

inclined to deviance?
A. Constructivist
B. Labeling
C. Strain
D. Control
What is the main criticism of the functional perspective in relation to

deviation?
A. Focus on individual perspective
B. Does not consider any effect
C. Overemphasizes positive aspects
D. Addresses undesirable effects

A person who violates the rules could be identified as ____ in Pakistan.
A. None of the given options
B. Conformist
C. Orthodox
D. Deviant
Which of the following is the most important derivative source of moral

judgments?
A. Media
B. Family
C. Education
D. Religion
In which of the following age groups may socialization happen through

romantic relationships?
A. Adolescence
B. Transitional adulthood
C. Adulthood
D. Childhood
Despite potential harm, corporate crime is sometimes perceived as not

being taken severely because the victims of corporate crimes are often
unaware of the harm.
A. true
B. false
Early sociologists viewed aberrant behavior as a social illness because

they considered it a (n) __________ to society's survival.
A. Delinquency
B. Pressure
C. Threat
D. Opportunity
Insider trading is an example of which of the following types of crime?

A. Property
B. Violent
C. White-collar
D. Juvenile
Interaction with others in their own age group within peer groups
contributes to the development of a sense of identity for:
A. Adolescents
B. Elders
C. Infants
D. Parents
From the ages of 13 to 17, or during adolescence, which sense is

established to navigate emotional pressures?
A. Lifestyle
B. Sixth
C. Asthetic
D. Autonomy
Which of the following is not an example of an external means of social

control?
A. Police
B. Judiciary
C. Armed forces
D. Norms
How does the usual comparison between ideal culture and real culture
unfold?
A. Ideal culture is always realized in real culture
B. Ideal culture is often identical to real culture
C. Ideal culture rarely has any influence on real culture
D. Ideal culture often reflects higher aspirations than those
practiced in real culture

Language is a system of _________ that allows people to communicate
with each other.
A. Nature
B. Symbols
Which of the following are characteristics of bureaucracies according to

Weber?
A. Rapid decision-making and minimal rules
B. Flexibility and informality
C. Lack of hierarchy
D. Impersonality and specialization
A mental adjustment that occurs when people encounter a culture

similar to their own is known as the concept of cultural shock.
A. true
B. false
Popular culture is mostly associated with:

A. People belonging to high social status
B. Niche interests and exclusive hobbies
C. Mass media, entertainment, and consumer trends
D. Construction,building and banks
The purpose of specialization in a bureaucratic organization is:

A. To discourage originality and creativity
B. To create rigid divisions of labor among employees
C. To promote informal relationships and friendship
D. To maximize efficiency and expertise
Which of the following concept refers to the mechanisms that maintain

social order and conformity?
A. Social activism
B. Social change
C. Social control
D. Social inequality

Opera is an example of which of the following types of culture in
Western societies?
A. true
B. false
Opera is an example of which of the following types of culture in

Western societies?
A. Popular
B. high
Which of the following term is used by the sociologist to describe the

lifetime social experiences?
A. Social gathering
B. Social relationship
C. Socialization
D. Society
Sub-cultures and counter-cultures can not contribute to the growth and

evolution of a society by challenging the status quo and promoting
diversity.
A. true
B. false
The debate between nature and nurture is ongoing and has implications
for understanding of ______ behavior and development.
A. Non-human
B. Human
One of the main characteristics of ________ organizations is that they

tend to develop into bureaucracies.
A. Informal
B. Formal

Each unit within ____________ performs specialized tasks, which are
designed to contribute to the organization’s goals.
A. Bureaucracy
B. Democracy
Language is a system of symbols that allows people to communicate

with each other.
A. true
B. false
Which of the following type of children are known as feral children?

A. Those children who are isolated from the society
B. Those children who have peers in the society
C. Those children who have single parent
D. Those children who are integrated with society
The theory which highlights the importance of cultural context in

understanding human behavior and societal patterns is:
A. Environmental determinism
B. Social determinism
C. Biological determinism
D. Cultural determinism
How does in-group affect a person?

A. Decreases productivity and performance
B. Leads to group segregation
C. Lack of understanding towards other cultures
D. Enhances a sense of belonging
The definition of an out-group is:

A. A group of people with similar interests and beliefs
B. A group of people who are competitive towards other group
C. A group of people who are ruled out from society
D. A group of people who live in close proximity to each other

Secondary socialization is______ shaped by exposure to technology
and global media.
A. Hardly
B. Increasingly
People with a common status, such as homeowners or college

graduates, are considered a social group.
A. true
B. false
Contemporary society relies on _______ groups for work, education,

and leisure time.
A. Secondary
B. Primary
Which of the following type of culture refers to the proper usage of any
modern innovation in human society?
A. Real
B. Material
C. Non-material
D. Ideal
Ideal Culture can provide individuals with a sense of identity and

purpose, but Real Culture can also cause conflict and tension when it
contradicts the ideals.
A. true
B. false
Which activity can help individuals energetically participate in the

process of overcoming culture shock?
A. Participating in cultural events and festivals
B. Interaction with family and friends from home only
C. Avoiding being free with locals
D. Strictly adhering to familiar routines and habits

Which of the following study of children provides insights into the
importance of socialization and human contact in the development of
language?
A. Feral
B. Orphans
C. Daycare
D. Single parent
In Pakistan, the media has contributed to the growth of consumerist

culture in:
A. Urban upper class
B. Rural middle class
C. Rural lower class
D. Urban middle class
An Austrian Fritzl family, where a father kept his daughter locked up in

a basement for 24 years is an example of:
A. Orphan children
B. Isolated children
C. Feral children
D. Social children
Feral children typically struggle to learn social skills.

A. true
B. false
According to social sciences, which of the following factors is the

foundation of personality?
A. Social experience
B. Genetics
Which of the following parts of a culture typically lags behind when it

undergoes transformation?
A. Non-material

B. Material
The effect of Culture Shock is feeling of:

A. Anxiety
B. Ectasy
C. Nausea
D. Excitement
Which option best describes the characteristic of bureaucracy:

A. Flexible and adaptive to change
B. Informal decision-making
C. Absence of clear hierarchy
D. Specialization and division of labor
Which of the following is an example of a reference group?

A. A group of coworkers in the same department
B. A group of children playing at a park
C. A group of tourists visiting a museum
D. A group of strangers on a bus
Culture consists of everything we learn in groups from birth to death.

A. true
B. false
The rise of social media influencers is an example of:

A. Cultural exchange
B. Cultural change
C. Cultural uniformity
D. Cultural relativism
Primary socialization often influenced by family and ____ traditions.

A. Religious
B. Political

Media is playing ______ role in shaping cultural norms, beliefs, and
values.
A. Significant
B. Neutral
Classical music in Pakistan is an example of which of the following

types of culture?
A. Popular
B. High
Which of the following children are raised in isolation?

A. Feral
B. Daycare
C. Orphans
D. Single parent
The media has played a role in perpetuating traditional gender roles that
have limited the opportunities available to women in society.
A. true
B. false
Language is a system of symbols that allows people to:

A. Express their physical needs
B. Communicate with each other
C. Learn new skills
D. Create material culture
Which of the following is a characteristic of the primary group?

A. Achieve specific goals
B. Limited and brief interaction
C. Rules and regulations
D. Deep emotions
If a society aims to promote principles of fairness and societal equity,

which of the following type of culture does this exemplify?

A. Real
B. Popular
C. High
D. Ideal
In a tongue-in-cheek analysis of ____________, Laurence Peter

proposed a principle called Peter principle.
A. Bureaucracies
B. Democracies
How can an understanding of cultural components such as language

and customs be applied in the field of tourism to enhance the travel
experience for tourists?
A. By discouraging tourists from engaging in local customs and
practices
B. By promoting the use of a single universal language for all
tourists
C. By ignoring cultural factors to avoid potential misunderstandings
D. By providing multilingual guides and respecting local customs
Virtual group primarily interact through technology, like ______

communities and social media.
A. Ofline
B. Online
Folkways are informal rules and expectations that guide people’s

everyday behavior.
A. true
B. false
The distribution of Zakkat in Ramadan in Pakistan is an example:

A. Real culture
B. Ideal culture
C. Nonmaterial culture
D. None of the given options

Behaviors that are considered extremely offensive or forbidden in a
given culture are known as:
A. Mores
B. Taboos
Question No:1 (Marks:1) Vu-Topper RM

Which of the following look for answers in factors outside the
individual?
A. Psychologists
B. Socio-biologists
C. Sociologists
D. Anthropologists

Which of the following is involved when a surgeon chooses not to
operate on her ownson because the personal involvement of
motherhood could impair her professionalobjectivity as a physician?
A. Role strain
B. Role ambiguity
C. Role conflict
D. Role exit

Salma joined an organization to pursue the goals which she considered
morallyworthwhile. Identify the type of organization.
A. Utilitarian
B. Coercive
C. Normative
D. Bureaucracy

In some cases Hindus feel their own culture as superior to others, they
show:
A. Globalism

B. Xeno-centerism
C. Multiculturalism
D. Ethnocentrism

Lack of interest in success but supports the means is ________, mode
of adoption.
A. Innovation
B. Ritualism
C. Retreatism
D. Rebellion

________ is process whereby people learn through interaction with
others.
A. Childhood
B. Interaction
C. Socialization
D. Change

In UK the peak age for offending boys and girls is:
Select correct option:
A. 17 years
B. 16 years
C. 19 years
D. 18 years

How many factors lead to the development of sociology as a discipline?
A. Three
B. Four
C. Two

D. Five

Weber claimed that class divisions derive not only from control or lack
of control of themeans of production, another element also affects it
which is:
A. Social pressure
B. Economic differences
C. Political pressure
D. Cultural factors

Quaid –e-Azam being a great leader of Pakistan is ___________ for
Pakistanis.
A. Reference individual
B. Developer
C. Social planner
D. Mentor

How many factors lead to the development of sociology as a discipline?
A. One
B. Two
C. Four
D. Three

Who among the following is known as second founder of sociology?
Herbert Spenser

In which of the following stage of research process, researcher tries to
make connection between different variables?
Theoretical Framework

Which of the following is the first step in conducting sociological
investigation?
Area of Interest Identified

Sociologists look for social location in a society, in order to see:
Why people do what they do

In which stage of research process the specific issue to be researched
may not be identified properly?
Broad Area of Interest Identified

Quaid-e-Azam being a great leader of Pakistan is for Pakistanis.
Reference individual

Preliminary information gathering on the issue that has been observed
by a researcher is known as:
Exploration

Science can be defined as:_
A logic system base knowledge of direct systematic observation

Observation and re-observation is the main characteristic of:
Science

In theoretical framework which of the following task is done by
researcher?

Associations variables

All the students in Sociology class will be known as a:
Crowd

Who among the following focuses on basic tasks of society those are
important for survival of the system?
Talcott Parsons

If a number of people share some common characteristics, they will be
called as
Category

Which of the following term is used to describe a process of preparing
and collecting data?
Data collection

People should develop the ability to understand their own lives in terms
of larger social forces, it is known as:
Sociological imagination

Thinking of society as a living organism in which each part of the
organism contributes to its survival is a reflection of which theoretical
perspective?
Functionalist

You are a student of Sociology class at Virtual University, it status.
_____is your .

Social

Who among the following first used discipline of Sociology to assess
their ideas?
European

The information that can be verified with our senses is known as:
Empirical evidence

The larger arena in which we make our decisions in everyday situation
is called:
Society

Sociology as a separate academic discipline was introduced by:
Emile Durkheim

All Muslims are terrorists, is an example of:
Stereotypes

Which of the following theorists considered Class Conflict as a key to
human existence in history?
Karl Marx

Which concept refers to a status that has special importance for social
identity, often shaping a person’s entire life?
Master status

Which one of the following is an everyday meaning of social status?
Power

Goals of science include all EXCEPT:
To predict and explain
Which one of the following BEST explains a Crowd?
Passengers waiting at a bus terminal

The idea of Darwinism for the development of human society was
applied by:
Herbert Spencer

In replacement of hypothesis what else could be produced by researcher
in his/her study?
Question

A statement of how and why specific facts are related is called:
Theory

Suppose in a Madrassa school system students are encouraged to start
their own business rather than doing jobs in NGOs, which type of
function is it performing?
Latent

In which characteristic of scientific method a statements opened to
challenge by anyone?
Self correcting

Which of the following provides the basic picture of a society?
Paradigm

The replicability of the phenomenon is essential for repeating the
observation, it is….characteristic of scientific method.
Verifiable

Wright Mills gave the idea of:
Social Imagination

The socially defined expectations that a person in 4 given status follows
are called his/her
Roles

Who among the following gave the idea of Sociological
Imagination?
Wright Mills

Quaid -e-Azam being a great leader of Pakistan is for
Pakistanis.______
Ideal personality

means that the phenomenon Poverty is.
Deterministic

According to the functionalist perspective, which one of the following
is the most notable feature of society.
Stability

Suppose you are going to analyze the impact of food chemicals on
health condition of a group of children. This phenomenon can also be
observed by your friends and other people around and can be tested as
well Which characteristic of scientific method is applicable here?
Verifiable

Struggle and revolution that may change the system is the basic motto
of which theoretical paradigm?
Structural functionalist

Sociology differs from common sense as:
It focuses on the researchers own experiences

Pakistani team is….. for Australian team.
Play group

Which one of the following is NOT a pull factor of migration?
Political stability

Which of the following is also known as social dynamic?
Social change

Which of the following is ignored by Structural Functionalists in their
theories?
Modernization and its impact

Which of the following is the BEST example of society’s act on our
social actions?
Restriction an dowry practices in India

Which one of the following is considered the study of everyday
interaction of individuals and group behavior?
Sociology

Systematic observation and impartiality are associated with:.
Scientific method

Considering oneself a Pakistani is an example of.
Social status

The interpretation of facts with the help of logical arguments is known
as.
Rationalism

Why some groups are called as primary groups”?
All of the given options

What is the term for the process by which people disengage from
important social rales?
Role exit

The change in thinking pattern of Auguste Comte was result of:
Industrial revolution
A temporary cluster of individuals who may or may not interact at all is
known as:
Crowd

Which one of the following BEST explains a Secondary Group?
Students of psychology class

Everyday interaction of individuals is the essence of society is the basic
theme of which theoretical perspective?
Structural functionalist

Away of understanding the world based on science is called as.
Positivism

Conducting a survey or setting up the experiments of study is done in
which stage of research process?
Research design

What causes a society to change after its settlement? Auguste Comte
looks for the answer of this question in:
Scientific method

Which type of forces work even in the isolated situation of self-
destruction?
Social

Riot against Government on Mall road is an example of.
Social orientation

Suppose you are ordered by your CEO to fire one of the employees of
your team who is also your close friend, you are expected to face:
Role strain

Suppose you are trying to explore the factors of beggary in Pakistan by
applying scientific method, which theoretical approach are you
applying in this situation?
Positivism

All of the following are examples of non-verbal communication
EXCEPT:
Walk

At which step of sociological investigation researcher tells about tools
of data collection?
Research design

Suppose a teacher is preparing his/her students for doing a job at
managerial level, he/she is performing which type of function?
Latent

Which of the following is also known as social static?
Social order

Who among following is the advocate of the Symbolic Interaction
Paradigm?
Herbert Spenser

Who among the following is recognized as founder of sociology?
Auguste Comte

Which one of the following concepts refers to 4 social group with only
two members?
A Dyad

A sociologist observes that the economic and religious systems in the
United States help to maintain the stability of the society. Which
sociological perspective indicates this approach?
Functionalist perspective

Co-workers at a place of work and members of a political party are
examples of:
Secondary group

Which of the following last step of research process?
Report writing

Rigid and unfair generalization about an entire category of people is
called:
Prejudice

Which one of the following is every society’s most important primary
group?
Play group

Suppose a professional who is also a parent and is unable to decide
whether to work an extra hour at office or attend a meeting at his
child’s school. He is experiencing role:
Strain

Empiricism is a combination of:
Observation, verification, testing

At which stage of sociological investigation problem definition is done?
Third

The concept of Old Age in Pakistan is different from West, if you are
going to study the old age patterns in Pakistani society which approach
will you follow?
Seeing the general in the particular

The process by which people act and react in relation to others is called:
Social interaction

Which of the following is recognized as, a clear, precise and concise
statement of the question or issue that is to be investigated with the goal
of finding an answer or solution?
Problem definition

All of the following are functions of a Primary Group EXCEPT.
Social control execution

Why gender is a social construction?
Because society determines the gander image

The information that can be verified with our senses is.
Empirical evidence

All of the following concepts are socially constructed phenomenon
EXCEPT:
Death

Suppose in your native land employment opportunities are limited and
agricultural developments poor. proposed idea is to migrate toward
cities. Which factor of migration will be involved in this situation?
Push

Suppose Mr. Anwar decides to leave a job voluntarily. he experiences:

Role exit

Conducting a “Review of Literature” is an explanation of which
characteristic of scientific method?
Determination

Masses of people migrated to cities at the end of nineteenth century, it
was result of:
Jobs

“Higher the rate of pollution, higher will be the rate of disease” it is an
example of
Hypothesis

Those patterns which approximate cultural prospects are known as:
Real culture

Which of the following sociologist originated the term stigma to
describe the labels society uses to discredit people?
Erving Goffman

The issue of child labor is associated with:
Developing countries

Late adulthood covers which years of life course?

50 to 65

Which type of standards have been considered as essential in
maintaining 4 way of life?
Folkaway

Friends, family, sub-cultures and police thet influence us to not to
deviate, are all part of.
Outer control system

Mr. Baqir is 45 years ald, working as a manger in a bank. One day he
evaluates his current position in context with his early expectations ta
life. This evaluation process occurs at which stage of life course?
Middle adulthood

Providing different types of health facilities to different social classes
on the basis of their economic system is an example of:
Social status

Ahmed has a great difficulty in changing his social status due to
pressure of elders: he is representing which of the following system?
Closed

An increasing trend in our society with reference to purchase of
summer clothes is of designers lawn. It can be included in:
Popular culture

Suppose Nadeem is habitual of stealing stationary items from different
places. He is caught by his company manager and they tried ta explore
the causes of his habit within his personality. The manager is most
likely follow which school of thought?
Psychological

Which of the following is a manifest function of schools?
Learning of during manners

Suppose Ahmad murdered his class fellow on a petty matter.
Investigator collects information about his personality and habit from
family. friends and teachers. The investigator is most likely to follow
which school of Through.
Sociology

Bureaucratic environment gives rise ta which of the following?
Alienation

Which types of organizations are called as total institutions?
Coercive

Whistle, flashing light. thumbs up are all examples of:
Symbols

In Pakistani society people are ranked in upper. middle and lower
classes. this ranking of society shows:
Social stratification

Who among the following is the pioneer of bureaucracy?
Max weber

Government agencies working for the social welfare of the masses are
considered as:
Coercive organizations

Which one of the following is guided by values in everyday life?
Culture and practices

Freud’s nation of the ego referred ta:
The unconscious mass of instinctive drives

Erving Goffman used which of the following term to refer to attributes
that discredit people?
Stigma

According to the sociological explanation. all are the characteristics of
deviance EXCEPT:
Deviance lies in response to others

In Pakistani society. teenagers are advised by elders to avoid smoking
and mixing with other gender. This practice comes under which type of
norm?
Proscriptive

Farah. a ten year old girl was thirsty. rather than waiting for her mother
to refill her glass of water. she rushed to her brother across the table and
snatched his glass for drinking water. In her action which element of
Freud’s theory was involved?
ID
In the absence of which of the following conditions a child’s learning
capacity is last?
Interaction

Pollution leading to physical harm/death, and there are side effects of
drugs as well as contraceptives, such crimes are often seen as:
Crimes of the powerful

In some cases Hindus feel their own culture as superior to others. they
show:
Multiculturalism

Which one of the following has less moral significance for individuals
and is less reacted upon by the people?
Folkways

The ranking of people and the rewards they receive based on objective
criteria. often including wealth. power. and prestige indicates:

Social stratification

An act to which people responds negatively and refers to violation of
norms is known as?
Deviance

Which one of the following is impersonal communication aimed at a
vast audience?
Mass media

Which of the following sociologist originated the term stigma to
describe the labels society uses to discredit people?
Émile Durkheim

In which type of group an individual feels hostility or opposition?
Out-group

rejected by other researcher?
Verifiable

Sociology is
The systematic study of social behavior and human groups

Suppose a teacher chooses not to check the test of his own son because
the personal involvement of fatherhood could impair his professional
objectivity as a teacher, he is
facing:
Role conflict

Which one of the following device is used for comparing what is
observed and what is logically expected?
Statistics

Which one of the following sociologist emphasis on seeing the general
into the particular?
Peter Burger

A role set refers to:
A number of roles attached to a single status 110.

A person's overall position in the society is called his:
Master status 111.

Family and marriage is …..a feature of all the cultures.
Universal

Which of the following is NOT a secondary source of data?
Experiments

Which sociological perspective is concerned with the social construction
of reality?
The conflict perceptive

In 19th century which type of observers uses scientific method to test the
ideas of contemporary world?
Social

The replicablity of the phenomenon is essential for repeating the
observation, it is
characteristic of scientific method.
Verifiable

The researchers try to develop linkages between their findings and the
findings of previous researchers, in the result knowledge keeps on
growing, this process can be identified as:
Cumulative

In tribal societies most senior member of tribe is usually selected as the
sheif, in such situation chief ship is considered as his:
Social prestige

Who is known as second founder of sociology?
Herbert spencer

Suppose, two researches found the high suicide rate in Pakistan us due
to increasing poverty, it means that the phenomenon “Poverty” is:
Deterministic

Which of the following theorists considered Class Conflict as a key to
human existence in history?
Karl Marx

In which characteristic of scientific method observation of one researcher
can be confirmed or rejected by other researcher?
Verifiable

A reaction the person repeatedly violates a norm and begins to take on a
deviant identity, this is called as:
Secondary deviance

Perceived sex differences in society play their role in shaping.
Gender identities

The more apparent cause towards shift in nuclear family system is:
Culture

The geographical movement between town, cities and neighborhood is
known a mobility.
Lateral mobility

Which of the following is an approach to understanding human behavior
by placing it within its broader social context?
Social perspective

Suppose you are going to study the impact of poverty on crime rates, you
are following which scientific characteristic?
Determinism

Suppose in a madrassa school system students are encouraged to run a
campaign against the products of international organization or
companies, which type of function it is performing?
Dysfunction

Co-workers at a place of work, members of a political party could be
other examples of :
Secondary

The socially defined expectations that a person in a given status follows
are calledhis/her:
Performance
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S0C-101 Introduction To Sociology

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In the context of early sociology, aberrant behavior was often compared

Which of the following is the most common factor in juvenile

In which of the following age group, socialization is mainly facilitated

According to Sutherland's Differential Association theory individuals

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Advertising companies are using images to influence gender roles in

In which of the following age group, individual may face a pressure to

The process of establishing our __________ identity starts from family.

The "dread of punishment" as an inner control suggests that people fear

Imprisonment is an example of which type of social control?

Parents are concerned about their children hanging out with

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Re-socialization enforces the values of those in status quo who hold

The forefront tool to influence public and political opinion is

What is the significance of quickness in punishment according to the

When children mimic the roles of their parents, it is known as

Differential Association in Edwin Sutherland’s theory means the

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Shoplifting is an example of which of the following types of crime?

According to Erving Goffman, how do stigmas affect individuals?

Expressions of disapproval for deviant behavior are known as

In which of the following approaches, socialization is viewed as a site

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The primary motivation for individuals involved in corporate crime is

According to George Herbret Mead, the situation that cause resistance

The media is a tool of the socialization process.

Why is certainty of punishment crucial in the deterrence hypothesis?

In which of the following age group, individuals may experiment

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Sutherland's Differential Association theory emphasizes the role of

In the context of positive sanctions, what does "smiles to formal

Working-class parents give punishments to their children to discipline

In which of the following approaches, socialization is viewed as

The ability to learn about reasoning and self-image is not a part of

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In terms of internal control mechanisms, the combined influence of

Social interaction is a more healthy activity in older years of age.

Homicide is a type of violent crime.

Which one of the following agents of socialization provides models for

What specific types of financial wrongdoing were associated with

Charles Horton Cooley looking-glass self-describes others point of

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Informal social control is commonly effective in addressing:

In which of the following age group, individual may experiment

Transnational adolescence belongs to post-industrial nations.

Which of the following theories claims that individuals are naturally

What is the main criticism of the functional perspective in relation to

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Which of the following is the most important derivative source of moral

In which of the following age groups may socialization happen through

Despite potential harm, corporate crime is sometimes perceived as not

Early sociologists viewed aberrant behavior as a social illness because

Insider trading is an example of which of the following types of crime?

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From the ages of 13 to 17, or during adolescence, which sense is

Which of the following is not an example of an external means of social

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