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    Psychology Internal Assessment

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    35.camila.polit.marriott

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    Psychology Internal Assessment

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    35.camila.polit.marriott
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    psychology internal assessment

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    2 views3 pages

    Psychology Internal Assessment

    Uploaded by

    35.camila.polit.marriott

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    An investigation about the

    impact of chunking on
    short-term memory capacity

    IB psychology SL internal assessment

    Name: Camila Polit

    Word count: 485


    Richard Atkinson and Richard Shiffrin (1968) proposed the multi-store memory model as an
    explanation of memory which assumes there are three unitary separated memory stores. By
    this, that information is transferred between these stores throughout a linear sequence, the
    three main stores are the sensory memory, short-term memory and long-term memory. Each
    of the memory stores differs in the way information is processed, meaning encoding at the
    same time, how much information can be stored through capacity, and for how long
    demonstrating duration. As mentioned before Information passes from store to store in a
    linear way, this information enters the short term memory and if the information is given
    meaning such as elaborative rehearsal it is passed on to the long-term memory. (Mcleod, S.,
    PhD. 2023)

    In relation to the experiment Miller (1956), which aimed to determine the capacity of
    short-term memory and understand how people manage to store more information through
    seven chunks to know what the limits of short-term memory would allow. Reviewed a variety
    of previous psychological studies, focusing on experiments that measured short term
    memory capacity, where participants were asked to recall sequences of numbers.Where
    participants in these tasks were typically presented with a series of items (numbers, letters,
    words) and then asked to recall them either immediately or even after a short delay, to
    determine the maximum number of items participants could recall. At the same time
    analyzed the results of these tasks to identify a common pattern in short term memory
    capacity. (Nelson Cowan n.d.)

    Furthermore, by replicating Miller (1956) experiment the aim is to investigate the capacity of
    short-term memory among high school students and examine the effectiveness of chunking
    as a strategy to enhance memory retention, to determine the average number of items that
    can be held in short-term memory and how chunking can expand capacity. Showing the
    independent variable being the use of chunking as a memory strategy and the dependent
    variable being the number of items successfully recalled in the short-term memory task. At
    the same time this study is worth conducting because it can provide valuable insights into
    cognitive development and learning processes in teenagers. Therefore this research has
    practical implications for educational strategies, as it can inform the development of more
    effective teaching methods about chunking to enhance memory retention and academic
    performance.

    Moreover, with the increasing complexity of information students by identifying ways to


    optimize short-term memory which could contribute to learning outcomes. By identifying the
    hypotheses, the null hypothesis would be that chunking as a strategy does not have a
    significant effect on the short-term memory capacity of high school students, and the number
    of items held remains the same if chunking is used. Now the alternative hypothesis would be
    that chunking as a strategy has a significant effect on the short-term memory capacity of
    high school students, and the number of items held changes when chunking is used.
    sources APA citation:

    ● Mcleod, S., PhD. (2023). Multi-Store Memory Model: Atkinson and Shiffrin. Simply

    Psychology. Multi-Store Memory Model: Atkinson and Shiffrin (simplypsychology.org)

    ● Nelson Cowan (n.d.) The Magical Number 4 in Short-Term Memory: A

    Reconsideration of Mental Storage Capacity. (PDF) The Magical Number 4 in

    Short-Term Memory: A Reconsideration of Mental Storage Capacity

    (researchgate.net)

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