AMO 2019, Primary 5 (Grade 5) Contest

Question 1

What is twice the value of 9 + 7 x 7 + 5 x 5 + 3 x 3 + 2 ?

Question 2

Find the sum of the digits of the sum below.

3517 + 5173 + 1735 + 7351

1|Page
AMO 2019, Primary 5 (Grade 5) Contest

Question 3

The sum of three consecutive whole numbers is 443 more than the greatest of them.
What is the least of the three numbers?

Question 4

How many 4-digit numbers have a digit sum of 4?

2|Page
AMO 2019, Primary 5 (Grade 5) Contest

Question 5

What is the 100th number in the sequence below?

17, 24, 31, 38, 45, 52, ……..

Question 6

Hannah is thinking of a five-digit number. The number reads the same forward as
backward. The product of Hannah’s number and 101 is 2488842. What is the sum of
the digits of Hannah’s number?

3|Page
AMO 2019, Primary 5 (Grade 5) Contest

Question 7

Tom’s PIN code is a 5-digit number with all different digits. The thousands digit is
twice the ten thousands digit, the hundreds digit is 50% more than the thousands
digit, the tens digit is 1 more than the ten thousands digit, and the ones digit is 2
more than the tens digit.
𝑇𝑜𝑚′ 𝑠 𝑃𝐼𝑁 𝑐𝑜𝑑𝑒
What is the value of ?
65

Question 8

In a magic square, the sum of the numbers in each row, column and

diagonal are equal. The odd numbers 1 through 17 are placed in the

magic square on the right. What number goes in the square marked

with “A“ ?

4|Page
AMO 2019, Primary 5 (Grade 5) Contest

Question 9

If 52 is added to two-fifths of a number, the triple of the number is the result.

What is the number?

Question 10

There is a method to square a number that ends with the digit “5”.

25 x 25 = 625 because “2” times “ 2 + 1 “ = 6 and 5 x 5 = 25.

35 x 35 = 1225 because “3” times “ 3 + 1 “ = 12 and 5 x 5 = 25.

45 x 45 = 2025 because “4” times “ 4 + 1 “ = 20 and 5 x 5 = 25.

They always end with a “25”.

If 625 x 625 = 1000 x N + 625, the value of N.

5|Page
AMO 2019, Primary 5 (Grade 5) Contest

Question 11

Jessica has a rectangle made of construction paper. She folds the rectangle in half to
form another rectangle. She folds the resulting rectangle in half to form a

3-cm-by-3-cm square. What is the greatest possible perimeter that the original
rectangle could have?

Question 12

In the diagram, 17 toothpicks are used to form a 2-square by

3-square rectangle. How many toothpicks would be needed

to form a 10-square by 12-square rectangle?

6|Page
AMO 2019, Primary 5 (Grade 5) Contest

Question 13

Find the whole number X which satisfies the following conditions:

• It is less than 5000.

• Its digits from left to right are arranged in increasing order.
• X – 3 is a perfect cube.
• It is not divisible by 2.

Question 14

The people going to an event were comprised of couples. No couple could be split
between 2 buses and no single bus could hold more than 65 people. What is the
least number of buses needed to get the 300 people to the event with the same
number of couples on each bus?

7|Page
AMO 2019, Primary 5 (Grade 5) Contest

Question 15

In the multiplication, AB x BA = A45B, A and B represent different digits, AB and BA

are 2-digit numbers and A45B is a 4-digit number. If AB is less than BA, what is the

2-digit number AB?

Question 16

The place cards shown are folded along the dotted line

so that only a number or letter is visible. Chrissy enters the room and sees all six
place cards, some with numbers showing and some with letters showing.

The numbers that she sees add up to 10. How many different sets of numbers are
possible?

8|Page
AMO 2019, Primary 5 (Grade 5) Contest

Question 17

If the area of the shaded part of the picture on the right is 18 cm2 , find the area

(in cm2 ) of the triangle CAB?

Question 18

A MOEMS-tile is shaped like an M as shown. It is a 5 by 5

square with two 4 by 1 rectangles removed. Jimmy is playing

a game where the object is to place as many MOEMS-titles

as possible on a 6 by 30 game board without any overlap.

What is the maximum number of titles Jimmy can place on this board?

9|Page
AMO 2019, Primary 5 (Grade 5) Contest

Question 19

A car has 4 tyres and 1 spare tyre. Each tyre can travel a maximum distance of 200
kilometres before wearing off. What is the greatest distance (in km) the car can
travel?

Question 20

How many digits are there in the least multiple of 41 whose only digits are 1?

10 | P a g e
AMO 2019, Primary 5 (Grade 5) Contest

Question 21

In the figure, the octagon is made up of two overlapping squares.

The overlapping region is also a square. The larger square has a side

length of 6 cm. The smaller square has one corner at the center of

the larger square, and the smaller square has a side length of 4 cm. Find (in cm2 )

the area of the entire octagon.

Question 22

A ladder has 6 rungs. An ant is going to climb the ladder, without retracing

any part of its path, to get to the top rung of the ladder. Given that the ant

starts at A, the middle of the bottom rung, how many different ways can

the ant get to point B, the middle of the top rung?

11 | P a g e
AMO 2019, Primary 5 (Grade 5) Contest

Question 23

In a book, 531 digits were used to number all the pages consecutively, starting

with 1. How many pages are in the books?

Question 24

A car is travelling on a road next to the train track at a constant speed of 22 km/h. A
train is 250 meters long and it travels at a constant speed of 17 km/h. From the
moment the car passes the rear of the train, it takes the car M minutes to reach the
front. Find M.

12 | P a g e
AMO 2019, Primary 5 (Grade 5) Contest

Question 25

In the cryptarithm shown, different letters represent different digits. If two letters are
the same, they represent the same digit. What is the greatest value that GOO could
be?

D U C K

+ D U C K______

G O O S E

END OF PAPER

13 | P a g e
AMO 2019, Primary 5 (Grade 5) Contest Solutions

Solutions to AMO 2019 Primary 5 (Grade 5)

Question 1

2 x (9 + 49 + 25 + 9 + 2) = 188

Answer: 188

Question 2

The ones, tens, hundreds and thousands place digit each consist of 1, 3, 5 and 7 in
some order. So, using 1 + 3 + 5 + 7 = 16 in each place value, the problem becomes
16 + 160 + 1600 + 16000, which equals 17,776 and sum of its digits is 7 x 4 = 28.

Answer: 028

Question 3

Let the smallest of these three consecutive numbers be 1 unit. Then the second and
third numbers are (1 unit + 1 ) and ( 1 unit + 2 ), respectively. It is given that

1 unit + (1 unit + 1) + (1 unit + 2) = (1 unit + 2) + 443

3 units + 3 = 1 unit + 445

3 units – 1 unit = 445 – 3

2 units = 442

1 unit = 221

Answer: 221

14 | P a g e
AMO 2019, Primary 5 (Grade 5) Contest Solutions

Question 4

Using the digit 1: 1111 -1 number.

Using the digits 2, 0 and 1: 1120, 1102, 1210, 1012, 1021, 1201, 2110, 2101, 2011 – 9
numbers

Using the digits 0 and 2: 2200, 2020, 2002 – 3 numbers

Using the digits 3 and 1: 1003, 1030, 1300, 3001, 3010, 3100 – 6 numbers

Using the digits 0 and 4: 4000 – 1 number

There are 1 + 9 + 3 + 6 + 1 = 20 such numbers.

Answer: 020

Question 5

Notice that

1st number: 7 x 1 + 10 = 17

2nd number: 7 x 2 + 10 = 24

3rd number: 7 x 3 +10 = 31

and so on.

Thus, the 100th number is 7 x 100 + 10 = 710

Answer: 710

Question 6

Divide the product 2488842 by the divisor 101 to get Hannah’s number.

2488842 ÷ 101 = 24642

The sum of its digits is 2 + 4 + 6 + 4 + 2 = 18.

Answer: 018

15 | P a g e
AMO 2019, Primary 5 (Grade 5) Contest Solutions

Question 7

Since the thousands digit is twice the ten thousands digit, the ten thousands digit
can only be 1, 2, 3 or 4. Create a table of values for each case.

Ten thousands Thousands Hundreds Tens Ones

1 2
2 4
3 6
4 8
From the hundreds digit is 50% more than the thousands digit, we get the following
possibilities which leads to an impossible case where the ten thousands digit is 4.

Ten thousands Thousands Hundreds Tens Ones

1 2 3
2 4 6
3 6 9
4 8 12
From the ten digit is 1 more than the ten thousands digit, we get the following
possibilities which leads to an impossible case where the ten thousands digit is 1.

Ten thousands Thousands Hundreds Tens Ones

1 2 3 2
2 4 6 3
3 6 9 4
From the ones digit is 2 more than the tens digit, we get the following possibilities
which leads to an impossible case where the ten thousands digit is 3.

Ten thousands Thousands Hundreds Tens Ones

2 4 6 3 5
3 6 9 4 6
𝟐𝟒𝟔𝟑𝟓
Therefore, Tim’s PIN code is 24635 and = 𝟑𝟕𝟗
𝟔𝟓

Answer: 379

16 | P a g e
AMO 2019, Primary 5 (Grade 5) Contest Solutions

Question 8

The sum of the numbers in the magic square is 1 + 3 + 5 + 7 + 9 + 11 + 13 + 15 +

17 = 81. Hence the sum of the numbers in each row, column and diagonal is

81 ÷ 3 = 27.

The number in the bottom right square is 27 – 13 – 3 = 11

and the number in the middle square is 27 – 5 – 13 = 9.

Thus, the number A in the top left square is 27 – 11 – 9 = 7.

Answer: 007

Question 9

Let the number be 5 units. Then

2
52 + of units = 3 x 5 units
5

52 + 2 units = 15 units

52 = 15 units – 2 units = 13 units

1 unit = 52 ÷ 13 = 4

Hence the number is 5 x 4 = 20.

Answer: 020

Question 10

Let n be the first digit(s) in the number being squared. For example, when 45 is
squared, n is 4 and when 135 is squared n is 13. The squared value is n x (n + 1)

followed by the number 25. Therefore, when n = 62, the result is 62 x 63 = 3906
followed by the number 25. Hence 625 x 625 = 390625 = 1000 x N + 625 and

N = 390.

Answer: 390

17 | P a g e
AMO 2019, Primary 5 (Grade 5) Contest Solutions

Question 11

Draw a diagram.

The last square is 3 x 3, which means the original rectangle was either a square or a
rectangle. The dimensions of the original rectangle were either 6 x 6 or 3 x 12. The
greatest possible perimeter that the original rectangle could have is 2 x (3 + 12) = 30
cm.

Answer: 030

Question 12

In the 2-square by 3-square rectangle, the width contains 2 toothpicks and the
length contains 3 toothpicks. The total number of toothpicks is

2 x (length + 1) + 3 x (width + 1) = 2 x 4 + 3 x 3 = 8 + 9 = 17

In the 10-square by 12-square rectangle, the width contains 10 toothpicks and the
length contains 12 toothpicks. Hence the total number of toothpicks is

10 x (length + 1) + 12 x (width + 1) = 10 x 13 + 12 x 11 = 130 + 132 = 262

Answer: 262

18 | P a g e
AMO 2019, Primary 5 (Grade 5) Contest Solutions

Question 13

The perfect cubes less than 5000:

1, 8, 27, 64, 125, 216, 343, 512, …….

Add three to these perfect cubes:

4, 11, 30, 67, 128, 219, 346, 515, ……

67, 128 and 346 satisfy the second condition. 128 and 346 are divisible by 2.

X = 67 is the only number less than 5000 that satisfies all the conditions.

Answer: 067

Question 14

Since no couple could be split between 2 buses and no single bus could hold more
than 65 people, then the greatest number of people on the bus can be 64, 62 or 60.

However, only 60 divides 300 evenly and the least number of buses needed is

300 ÷ 60 = 5.

Answer: 005

Question 15

The product of the ones digits in AB and BA results in the ones digit of A45B or

B x A = B. Hence A must be 1. The product 1B x B1 = 145B is greater than 1450, so B

must be 8 or 9. Only B = 8 satisfies the multiplication 18 x 81 = 1458 and AB =18.

Answer: 018

19 | P a g e
AMO 2019, Primary 5 (Grade 5) Contest Solutions

Question 16

Since 6 is the greatest number and can be used only once, find other numbers that
add up to 4 so that together they will equal 10. The sets (6, 4) and (6, 3, 1) add up to
10.

Then we use 5 as the greatest number and get (5, 4, 1) as one possible set and

(5, 3, 2) as another set.

Lastly, using 4 as the highest number, there is only 1 set (4, 3, 2, 1) which adds up to
10. There are 5 sets of different numbers possible.

Answer: 005

Question 17

Find the area of each shaded triangle using A = (1/2) x base x height.

The base and height of a right triangle are the legs of the triangle.

Let 𝑥 be the length of a small square in the diagram.

The total area of the three shaded triangles is

2𝑥 ∗ 𝑥 2𝑥 ∗ 2𝑥 2𝑥 ∗ 3𝑥
+ + = 6𝑥 2 = 18
2 2 2

𝑥 2 = 18 ÷ 6 = 3
6𝑥∗3𝑥
The area of CAB = = 9𝑥 2 = 9 x 3 = 27 𝒄𝒎𝟐
2

Answer: 027

Question 18

METHOD 1 Strategy: Combine 2 tiles to make 1 new title that is 6 by 6.

Flip one MOEMS-title upside down and then fit the tile together

with a second MOEMS-title to form a 6 by 6 square tile with two

of the corners missing. Since the game board is 6 by 30, we can

arrange 5 of these square tiles on the board.

20 | P a g e
AMO 2019, Primary 5 (Grade 5) Contest Solutions

Therefore, there will be 10 of the MOEMS-tiles on the board.

METHOD 2 Strategy: Determine the area of a tile and compare it to the area of the
board.

The game board has an area of 180 square units. The area of a MOEMS-tile is 17
square units. The maximum number of tiles that can be accommodated is

10 (180 ÷17 – 10 with a remainder of 10). A duplicated tile rotated 190∞, can interlock
with the original tile resulting in a 2 square unit loss of coverage for the pair,
Therefore, the maximum number of tiles possible is 10.

Answer: 010

Question 19

Maximum total distance for all 5 tyres is 5 x 200 = 1000 kilometres. Since any 4 tyres
are used at the same time when the car travels, the greatest distance the car can
travel is 1000 ÷ 4 = 250 km.

Answer: 250

Question 20

The least possible number whose only digit is the number 1, and is greater than 41, is
111. However, 111 is not divisible by 41 and neither is 1111. When 11,111 is divided
by 41 the result is 271, which means 11,111 is the least multiple of 41 whose only
digit is the number 1 and it has 5 digits.

Answer: 005

21 | P a g e
AMO 2019, Primary 5 (Grade 5) Contest Solutions

Question 21

Since the overlap is a square and one of its vertices is at the

center of the 6 x 6 square, we see that the length of a side

of the overlapping square is 3. We can now use subtraction

to determine the length of each side of the octagon.

Thus, the area of the entire octagon is

(6 x 6 + 4 x 4) – (3 x 3) = 52 – 9 = 43 𝒄𝒎𝟐

Answer: 043

Question 22

From the middle of any rung, there are exactly 2 ways to arrive at the next higher
rung: move (left and up), or move (right and up). Thus, there are 2 ways to ascend
from A to rung two, 2 ways to ascend from rung two to rung three, and so on.

The “multiplication / counting ” principle, tells us to multiply the number of ways to

perform each step. There are 2 x 2 x 2 x 2 x 2 = 32 ways for the ant to ascend

from A to B.

Answer: 032

Question 23

Count the number of digits by place.

Ones place:

1, 2, ……, 9 → 9 digits

Tens place:

10, 11, …., 99 → 2 x 90 = 180 digits

Hundreds place:

100, 101, …, 199 → 3 x 100 = 300 digits

22 | P a g e
AMO 2019, Primary 5 (Grade 5) Contest Solutions

So far from 1 to 199, there are 300 + 180 + 9 = 489 digits.

The remaining 531 – 489 = 42 digits belong to 3-digit numbers. Therefore, there are

42 ÷ 3= 14 more pages and 199 + 14 = 213 pages in total.

Answer: 213

Question 24

M minutes after the car passes the rear of the train, the train travels
𝑘𝑚 𝑀 17𝑀 17𝑀
17 x hours = km, and the car travels the distance travelled by train km
ℎ 60 60 60
1
plus the length of the train 4 km. Thus,
𝑀 17𝑀 1
Speed of the car x 60 = +4
60
22𝑀 17𝑀 1 17𝑀+15
= +4=
60 60 60

M = 15 ÷ 5 = 3

Answer: 003

Question 25

Make a list of the possible numbers to be used and cross them off once used:

0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 and 9. Notice that the only possible value for G is 1

so cross off 1 from the list. We want the greatest possible GOO so let D = 9 which
means that O = 8. This means that U + U = 2U must be less than 10. Hence O = 8
and U = 4.

Thus, O = 8, Duck = 9435 or 9436 and GOOSE = 18870 or 18872. The greatest value
of GOO is 188.

Answer: 188

23 | P a g e