210 Prac 6 2024

Name: Thandeka Bukeka
Surname: Ngcamu
Student Number: 222030089
Experiment Title: The Copper cycle.
Experiment Number: 05
Date: 29 March 2024
Introduction
Copper was to be cycled through five different reactions in this experiment. Among the
chemical processes examined were precipitation reactions, acid-base reactions, and
oxidation-reduction reactions. Precipitation processes take place when two solutions
containing soluble salts come into contact, and they can help determine how many ions are
present in the solution. When H+ ions interact with a neutral or electrically charged solution,
acid-base processes take place that can be utilized to calculate pH.
Experiment Materials required:

❖ 1.01 Copper powder
❖ 250 ml beaker
❖ 2ml 8M HNO3
❖ 25 ml +10 ml + 10 ml water
❖ 2 ml 8M NaOH
❖ Heat
❖ Glass rod
❖ 100 ml beaker
❖ 15 ml 1M H2SO4
❖ 0.1g Zinc
❖ Oven
Experimental procedure:
0.1 g of copper powder were put into a 250 mL beaker. To get the copper to react
with the HNO3, 2 mL of 8M HNO3 was slowly introduced to the copper powder in the fume
hood. There were observations. The beaker was taken out of the fume hood once the
brown gas growth had halted, and 25 mL of water was then added. The solution in the
beaker received 2 mL of 8M NaOH, which was slowly added while the liquid level was
closely monitored. After that, the mixture was cooked on a hotplate set to medium heat
while being swirled with a glass rod. I kept heating the mixture until a solid appeared in the
liquid. The remedy was given time to cool. The solid was then filtered using both gravity and
thereafter, it was poured into a 100 ml beaker.
The 100 ml beaker was gradually filled with 15 mL of 1M HaS04 while being stirred. Changes
in the liquid and solid were seen as acid was introduced. When 0.1g of zinc filings were
added and stirred with a glass rod, the solution was colorless. The findings were recorded.
10 mL of the solid that was still in the beaker was added after the liquid had been gently
decanted. The solution was agitated, and then the liquid was decanted. There were
observations. I made sure not to drain away the solid at the bottom of the beaker as I
emptied the liquid into the appropriate trash can. After adding 10ml of water, stirring the
mixture, most of the liquid was emptied into the garbage. container. I recorded my
discoveries. The solid's mass was determined after it had dried in the oven for 10 to 15
minutes. The solid was then put inside the container that was correctly labelled.
Result:
Table 1: initial and final copper mass
Mass of copper 0.1g
Mass of copper retrieved 0.015g
Percent recovery =Mass of copper retrieved /Mass of copper x100
=0.015/0.1 x 100
=15%
Balanced equation and observation

(a) Reaction 1: Oxidation -reduction reaction: Cu + 4HNO Cu (NO3)2+ H20 +
2NO2
Observation: When nitric acid was added, the copper began to dissolve and emit
nitrogen dioxide in the form of dark orange steam, turning the solution blue.
(b) Reaction 2: Precipitation reaction: Cu (NO)2 + 2NaOH Cu (OH)2+ 2NaNO.
Observation: The blue solution became chunky as soon as the NaOH met it. The
solution developed a mucus-like concentration after sitting for a while.
(c) Reaction 3: Cu (OH)2 + heat CuO + H2O
Observation: When we placed the solution on the hot plate, it became black after
about 5 minutes. Water was added to the concentration, which caused a foamy layer.
to develop at the bottom of the beaker.
(d) Reaction 4: Acid base-reaction: CuO + H2SO CuSO + H2O
Observation: When the solution encountered the sulfuric acid, it went black and
turned the
same blue as reaction 1.
(e) Reaction 5: Oxidation-reduction: CuSO4 +4Zn Cu + 4 ZnSO.
Observation: Zinc was added, which turned the solution grey. Hydrochloric acid and
water was added after decanting, and red petal-like forms identical to
reaction 2 were formed.
Discussion:
The copper that was initially weighed was not all present at the conclusion of the
reactions, even though everything was measured, and the copper transforming processes were
all observed. This could have happened because of a
few blunders. After decanting, there was still some blue, which would imply that some of the
solids were lost, reducing the amount of copper, and raising the amount of
blue.
References:
1. https://www.studocu.com/en-us/document/portland-state-university/intro-chemlabi/
lab-report-copper-cycle/7929657 (Accessed 07 June 2022)
2. Chem 210 prac 10 (Pg 11)
3. https://www.studocu.com/en-us/document/portland-state-university/lab-
forgeneralchemistry/copper-cycle-lab-report/13591452 (Accessed 07 June 2022.

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210 Prac 6 2024

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Name: Thandeka Bukeka

Experiment Materials required:

Balanced equation and observation

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