Chem 2021 Mcqs

Cambridge International AS & A Level
CHEMISTRY 9701/12
Paper 1 Multiple Choice February/March 2021
1 hour
You must answer on the multiple choice answer sheet.

*9283990023*
You will need: Multiple choice answer sheet

Soft clean eraser
Soft pencil (type B or HB is recommended)
Data Booklet
INSTRUCTIONS
 There are forty questions on this paper. Answer all questions.
 For each question there are four possible answers A, B, C and D. Choose the one you consider correct
and record your choice in soft pencil on the multiple choice answer sheet.
 Follow the instructions on the multiple choice answer sheet.
 Write in soft pencil.
 Write your name, centre number and candidate number on the multiple choice answer sheet in the
spaces provided unless this has been done for you.
 Do not use correction fluid.
 Do not write on any bar codes.
 You may use a calculator.
INFORMATION
 The total mark for this paper is 40.
 Each correct answer will score one mark.
 Any rough working should be done on this question paper.
This document has 16 pages. Any blank pages are indicated.
IB21 03_9701_12/3RP
© UCLES 2021 [Turn over
2
Section A
For each question there are four possible answers A, B, C and D. Choose the one you consider to be
correct.
Use of the Data Booklet may be appropriate for some questions.
1 The table shows the numbers of protons, neutrons and electrons in four different particles, W, X,
Y, and Z.
number of number of number of

protons neutrons electrons
W 32 40 32
X 32 40 34
Y 32 42 32
Z 34 40 34
Which pair represents the atoms of two isotopes of the same element?
A W and Y B W and Z C X and Y D X and Z
2 Where in the Periodic Table is the element that has an outer electron shell arrangement of
4s24p3?
Group Period
A 13 3
B 13 4
C 15 3
D 15 4
3 Substance Q is a hydrocarbon. When 1.00 g of Q is completely burned, 3.22 g of carbon dioxide

is produced.
What could be the identity of Q?
A cyclohexene
B cyclopentane
C ethene
D pentane
© UCLES 2021 9701/12/F/M/21

3
4 Originally, chemists thought indium oxide had the formula InO. By experiment they showed that
4.8 g of indium combined with 1.0 g of oxygen to produce 5.8 g of indium oxide. The Ar of oxygen
was known to be 16.
Which value for the Ar of indium is calculated using these data?
A 38 B 77 C 115 D 154
5 In which substance are the only intermolecular forces temporary dipole-induced dipole
attractions?
A hydrogen chloride
B methanol
C octane
D water
6 A solution contains 0.25 g of sulfur dioxide in 1.00 dm3 of water.
Which volume of sulfur dioxide, measured at 50 C and a pressure of 1  105 Pa, must be added
to 1.00 dm3 of water to produce this solution?
A 0.0162 cm3 B 0.105 cm3 C 16.2 cm3 D 105 cm3
7 An experiment was performed to determine the enthalpy of combustion of ethanol.
thermometer
test-tube
water
spirit burner
ethanol
The data collected are shown.
mass of water = W g
mass of ethanol burned = X g
temperature rise = Y C
molar mass of ethanol = Z g mol–1
specific heat capacity of water = 4.2 J K–1 g–1
Which expression can be used to calculate the enthalpy of combustion of ethanol in kJ mol–1?
4.2WYZ 4.2WYX 4.2 XYZ 4.2 X (Y  273)Z

A B C D
1000 X 1000Z 1000W 1000W
© UCLES 2021 9701/12/F/M/21 [Turn over

4
8 VO2Cl reacts with NaI under acidic conditions.
2VO2Cl + 2H2SO4 + 2NaI  VOCl 2 + VOSO4 + I2 + Na2SO4 + 2H2O
The oxidation state of Cl is –1 in VO2Cl and in VOCl 2.
Which row about this reaction is correct?
vanadium iodine
A is oxidised is oxidised
B is oxidised is reduced
C is reduced is oxidised
D is reduced is reduced
9 In which reaction is water behaving as a Brønsted–Lowry base?
A H2O + Na  NaOH + 1
2
H2
B H2O + H3PO4  H3O+ + H2PO4–
C H2O + CaO  Ca(OH)2
D NH3 + [Cu(H2O)6]2+  NH4+ + [Cu(H2O)5(OH)]+
10 A large excess of marble chips is reacted with 25 cm3 of 1.0 mol dm–3 hydrochloric acid at 40 C.
How is the result different when the reaction is repeated with 60 cm3 of 0.5 mol dm–3 hydrochloric
acid at 40 C?
A The reaction is faster and more of the products are made when the reaction is complete.
B The reaction is faster and less of the products are made when the reaction is complete.
C The reaction is slower and more of the products are made when the reaction is complete.
D The reaction is slower and less of the products are made when the reaction is complete.
© UCLES 2021 9701/12/F/M/21

5
11 The Boltzmann distribution curve for a gaseous mixture of ethene and hydrogen is shown. Nickel
is an effective catalyst for the reaction that occurs.
number of
particles with
energy, E Ea (catalysed) Ea
0
0 energy, E
How does the diagram appear if the same reaction mixture is at a higher temperature?
A The curve is unchanged.

B The values of both Ea (catalysed) and Ea decrease.
C The values of both Ea (catalysed) and Ea increase.
D The values of both Ea (catalysed) and Ea remain the same.
12 Which observations are made when a sample of silicon chloride, SiCl 4, is added to a beaker of
water?
A No visible change is observed.

B Steamy fumes and a precipitate are both observed.
C The appearance of a precipitate is the only observation.
D The appearance of steamy fumes is the only observation.
13 Which row is correct?
statement reason
A The first ionisation energy of phosphorus electron is lost from a
is greater than that of magnesium. 3p orbital in both cases
B The melting point of phosphorus phosphorus has more valence
is greater than that of magnesium. electrons than magnesium
C The atomic radius of phosphorus phosphorus has greater nuclear
is smaller than that of magnesium. charge than magnesium
D The electrical conductivity of phosphorus bonding changes from ionic in
is smaller than that of magnesium. magnesium to covalent in phosphorus

6
14 Which row correctly describes one property of barium and one property of barium oxide?
observation when pH of solution obtained when

barium metal is a spatula measure of BaO is
added to water added to 100 cm3 of water
A a few gas bubbles 8

form on the metal surface
B a few gas bubbles 13
form on the metal surface
C rapid effervescence is seen 8
D rapid effervescence is seen 13
15 An anhydrous white salt, Z, is heated strongly for 30 minutes. A mixture of gases is given off. The
solid remaining in the test-tube is then dissolved in a small volume of dilute hydrochloric acid. The
addition of a few drops of dilute sulfuric acid to the test-tube causes a white precipitate to form.
Which substance could be Z?
A barium carbonate
B barium nitrate
C magnesium carbonate
D magnesium nitrate
16 Chlorine gas is reacted with aqueous sodium hydroxide. The oxidation number of chlorine
changes from 0 to –1 and also from 0 to +1.
Under which conditions does this reaction occur and what is the colour of the solid silver salt with
chlorine in the oxidation state –1?
reaction conditions colour of silver salt
A cold, dilute alkali white

B cold, dilute alkali yellow
C hot, concentrated alkali white
D hot, concentrated alkali yellow
© UCLES 2021 9701/12/F/M/21

7
17 When concentrated sulfuric acid reacts with sodium iodide the products include sulfur, iodine,
hydrogen sulfide and sulfur dioxide.
Which statement is correct?
A Hydrogen sulfide is the product of a reduction reaction.

B Iodide ions are stronger oxidising agents than sulfate ions.
C Sulfur atoms from the sulfuric acid are both oxidised and reduced.
D Sulfur atoms from the sulfuric acid are oxidised to make sulfur dioxide.
18 NO, NO2, CO and unburnt hydrocarbons are present in the exhaust gases of internal combustion
engines. When catalytic converters are used to remove these compounds from the exhaust
gases, redox reactions occur.
What happens to each compound in the catalytic converter?
unburnt
NO NO2 CO
hydrocarbons
A oxidised oxidised reduced oxidised

B oxidised oxidised oxidised oxidised
C reduced reduced oxidised oxidised
D reduced reduced reduced reduced
19 Methylamine, CH3NH2, has similar chemical properties to ammonia, NH3. Methylamine reacts
with hydrogen chloride to form a white crystalline salt, methylammonium chloride.
CH3NH2 + HCl  CH3NH3+Cl –
A sample of methylammonium chloride is heated with aqueous sodium hydroxide.
What are the products?
A ammonia, sodium chloride and water

B ammonia, sodium hydrogencarbonate and sodium chloride
C methylamine, hydrogen chloride and water
D methylamine, sodium chloride and water

8
20 The structures of citric acid and isocitric acid are shown.
citric acid isocitric acid
CH2CO2H CH2CO2H
C(OH)CO2H CHCO2H
CH2CO2H CH(OH)CO2H
How many chiral centres does each acid possess?
citric acid isocitric acid
A 1 1
B 1 2
C 0 1
D 0 2
21 How many tertiary alcohols have the molecular formula C6H14O?
A 1 B 2 C 3 D 4
22 The diagram shows the structure of a bromo compound that may be formed by the reaction of
bromine with a hydrocarbon.
CH2Br
H 3C C CH3
CH2Br
Which row is correct?
type of reaction mechanism
A addition electrophilic
B addition nucleophilic
C substitution nucleophilic
D substitution free-radical
© UCLES 2021 9701/12/F/M/21

9
23 Part of the structure of strobilurin is shown. R and R' are inert groups.
strobilurin
O OCH3
R'
R
Strobilurin is warmed with aqueous sulfuric acid producing compound X. Compound X is then
treated with hydrogen in the presence of a nickel catalyst producing compound Y.
What could be the structure of compound Y?
A B
O OH HO OCH3
R' R'
R R
C D
OH O OH
OH OH
R' R'
R R
OH
24 Which compound produces a ketone when refluxed with an acidified solution of

potassium dichromate(VI)?
A pentan-1-ol
B 2-methylbutan-1-ol
C 2-methylbutan-2-ol
D 3-methylbutan-2-ol

10
25 Dibromopentanes can undergo ‘double elimination’ reactions to produce hydrocarbons.
2NaOH + C5H10Br2  C5H8 + 2NaBr + 2H2O
Which isomer produces only one hydrocarbon product?
A 1,5-dibromopentane
B 1,4-dibromopentane
C 2,3-dibromopentane
D 2,4-dibromopentane
26 The diagram shows the formation of compound Y from compound X in a chemical reaction. R1
and R2 are alkyl groups.
Y
R1 OH
KCN
X + HCN C
R2 CN
Which row about this reaction is correct?
mechanism compound X
A electrophilic addition aldehyde

B electrophilic addition ketone
C nucleophilic addition ketone
D nucleophilic addition aldehyde
© UCLES 2021 9701/12/F/M/21

11
27 In this question you can assume that 1H and 3H have the same chemical properties.
A sample of ethanal contains only one isotope of hydrogen, 1H.
It is reduced to compound Z, C2H6O, in a nucleophilic addition reaction using NaBH4. All the
hydrogen atoms in the NaBH4 are the 3H isotope.
NaBH4
CH3CHO C2H6O
compound Z
Compound Z is then oxidised back to ethanal and water.
C2H6O + [O]  CH3CHO + H2O
Which statement about the final mixture of products is correct?
A Both ethanal and water contain 3H atoms.

B Ethanal is the only product containing 3H atoms.
C Neither ethanal nor water contain 3H atoms.
D Water is the only product containing 3H atoms.
28 Ethanedioic acid has the formula HO2CCO2H.
What is the formula of aluminium ethanedioate?
A Al C2O4 B Al (C2O4)3 C Al 2C2O4 D Al 2(C2O4)3
29 Which reaction gives butanoic acid as one of its products?
A acid hydrolysis of butyl ethanoate

B alkaline hydrolysis of butyl ethanoate
C acid hydrolysis of ethyl butanoate
D alkaline hydrolysis of ethyl butanoate

12
30 When reactant X is treated with a suitable reagent, products Y and Z are formed. Infrared spectra
of X, Y and Z are shown.
reactant X
100
transmittance 50
0
4000 3000 2000 1000
wavenumber / cm–1
product Y product Z
100 100
transmittance
transmittance
50 50
0 0
4000 3000 2000 1000 4000 3000 2000 1500 1000 500
wavenumber / cm–1
wavenumber / cm–1
Which row could be correct?
X Y Z
A 2,3-dimethylpent-2-ene propanone butanone

B 2-methylpent-2-ene propanone propanoic acid
C pent-2-ene ethanoic acid propanoic acid
D propyl propanoate propan-1-ol propanoic acid
© UCLES 2021 9701/12/F/M/21

13
Section B
For each of the questions in this section, one or more of the three numbered statements 1 to 3 may
be correct.
Decide whether each of the statements is or is not correct (you may find it helpful to put a tick against
the statements that you consider to be correct).
The responses A to D should be selected on the basis of
A B C D
1, 2 and 3 1 and 2 2 and 3 1 only

are only are only are is
correct correct correct correct
No other combination of statements is used as a correct response.
31 A sample of 17.15 mol HI(g) is in dynamic equilibrium with 2.27 mol H2(g) and 2.84 mol I2(g) in a
volume of 1 m3 at 764 K and 141 kPa.
H2(g) + I2(g) 2HI(g)
Two equilibrium constants, Kc and Kp, can be calculated for this mixture.
Which statements about the equilibrium constants for this mixture are correct?
1 neither Kc nor Kp has any units

2 Kc = 45.6
3 Kc > Kp
32 An energy cycle for the combustion of methane is shown.
∆H co CH4(g)
CH4(g) + 2O2(g) CO2(g) + 2H2O(l)
∆H of CH4(g) ∆H zo
C(s) + 2H2(g) + 2O2(g)
Which expressions can be used to calculate the energy change, ∆H zo ?
1 ∆H of CH4(g) + ∆H co CH4(g)
2 ∆H co C(s) + 2∆H co H2(g)
3 ∆H co CO(g) + 2∆H co H2(g)

14
A B C D
1, 2 and 3 1 and 2 2 and 3 1 only

33 Many gases do not obey the general gas equation at high pressures.
Why is this?
1 At higher pressures the molecules have more energy.

2 At higher pressures the volume of the molecules is a larger proportion of the total volume.
3 At higher pressures the molecules experience greater intermolecular forces.
34 Which species can accept a lone pair of electrons to form a coordinate (dative covalent) bond?
1 BF3
2 H+
3 CH3+
35 A sample containing x mol of Al 2Cl 6 is dissolved in water to give solution W.
In order to precipitate all of the aluminium as its hydroxide, y mol of sodium hydroxide are
required.
More of the alkali is added to re-dissolve the precipitate, giving solution Z.
Which statements are correct?
1 the initial pH of solution W is below 7

2 y = 3x
3 Z contains x mol of aluminium
36 Nitrogen dioxide gas is produced when petrol is burned in car engines.
Which acids are made in the atmosphere as a result of this release of nitrogen dioxide into the
air?
1 H2SO3
2 H2SO4
3 HNO3
© UCLES 2021 9701/12/F/M/21

15
37 In which reactions is the major product formed by a nucleophilic substitution reaction?
1 bromoethane + potassium cyanide in ethanol

2 bromoethane + ammonia in ethanol under pressure
3 bromoethane + hot concentrated sodium hydroxide in ethanol
38 An excess of P reacts with Q, in the presence of concentrated sulfuric acid, to form R.
Effervescence is seen when a piece of sodium is added to pure R.
The structure of P is shown.
OH OH
Which organic compounds could be compound Q?
O
1
OH
2 OH
3
O
39 Two carbonyl compounds have the molecular formula C3H6O.
Which reagents give different observations with these two compounds?
1 acidified aqueous potassium manganate(VII)
2 Fehling’s reagent
3 alkaline aqueous iodine
40 An organic compound, T, does not fizz when aqueous sodium carbonate is added to it.
Compound T contains 27.6% by mass of oxygen.
What could be the identity of T?
1 propanal
2 ethyl butanoate
3 3-methylpentanoic acid
© UCLES 2021 9701/12/F/M/21

CHEMISTRY 9701/11
Paper 1 Multiple Choice May/June 2021
1 hour

*2679075838*

Soft clean eraser
Data booklet
INSTRUCTIONS
INFORMATION
IB21 06_9701_11/3RP
2
Section A
correct.
1 Which contains the largest number of hydrogen atoms?
A 0.10 mol of pentane

B 0.20 mol of but-2-ene
C 1.00 mol of hydrogen molecules
D 6.02  1023 hydrogen atoms
2 In which pair of species do both species have only one unpaired p electron?
A Ar+ and C– B B and Ti+ C F and Ga D Se– and Si–
3 Phosphorus forms two chlorides. Phosphorus(III) chloride, PCl 3, is a covalent liquid.
Phosphorus(V) chloride is an ionic solid. One of the ions present is [PCl 4]+.
What is the shape of the PCl 3 molecule and the [PCl 4]+ ion?
PCl 3 [PCl 4]+
A pyramidal square planar

B pyramidal tetrahedral
C tetrahedral square planar
D trigonal planar tetrahedral
© UCLES 2021 9701/11/M/J/21

3
4 is the standard enthalpy of formation of methane.
is the standard enthalpy of combustion of carbon.
is the standard enthalpy of combustion of hydrogen.
CH4(g) + 2O2(g) CO2(g) + 2H2O(l)
Which expression is equivalent to ?
A – +
B – 2 –
C – +
D + 2 –
5 The diagram shows the Boltzmann distribution for the same gas at two different temperatures, T1
and T2.
T1
T2
y
0
0 x
What is plotted on the y-axis and which line represents the higher temperature?
plotted on y-axis higher temperature
A number of molecules T1
B number of molecules T2
C molecular energy T1
D molecular energy T2
6 What is the minimum mass of oxygen required to ensure the complete combustion of 12 dm3 of
propane measured under room conditions?
A 60 g B 80 g C 120 g D 160 g
© UCLES 2021 9701/11/M/J/21 [Turn over

4
7 Why is the first ionisation energy of oxygen less than that of nitrogen?
A The nitrogen atom has its outer electron in a different subshell.

B The nuclear charge on the oxygen atom is greater than that on the nitrogen atom.
C The oxygen atom has a pair of electrons in one p orbital that repel one another.
D There is more shielding in an oxygen atom.
8 Which gas would behave most like an ideal gas under room conditions?
A helium
B nitrogen
C ammonia
D krypton
9 When hydrogen iodide is reacted with concentrated sulfuric acid, several reactions occur,
including:
8HI + H2SO4  H2S + 4H2O + 4I2
Which row gives the change in oxidation number of iodine and of sulfur in this reaction?
change in oxidation change in oxidation

number of iodine number of sulfur
A –1 +6
B –1 +8
C +1 –6
D +1 –8
© UCLES 2021 9701/11/M/J/21

5
10 The diagram represents the Haber process for the manufacture of ammonia from nitrogen and
hydrogen.
heat exchanger
N2 + H2
catalytic
converter
condenser
NH3
What is the purpose of the heat exchanger?
A to cool the incoming gas mixture to avoid overheating the catalyst

B to cool the reaction products and separate the NH3 from unused N2 and H2
C to warm the incoming gas mixture and shift the equilibrium to give more NH3
D to warm the incoming gas mixture and speed up the reaction
11 Which statement about catalysts is correct?
A They change the reaction pathway by increasing the activation energy.

B They increase the rate of reaction by lowering the enthalpy change of the reaction.
C They increase the number of particles that have sufficient energy to react.
D Heterogeneous catalysts are in the same state as the reactant.
12 Element X is in Period 3. Element X forms a solid oxide Y.
Y reacts with hot concentrated hydrochloric acid. Y reacts with hot aqueous sodium hydroxide to
form a compound in which X is part of an anion.
How many p electrons does one atom of X have in its outer shell?
A 0 B 1 C 2 D 3

6
13 The gaseous products of heating a mixture of Ca(OH)2 and NH4Cl are passed through solid CaO.
A single gaseous product, W, is collected.
A sample of W reacts with Cl 2(g) to produce two gases, X and Y.
X is an element. Y is acidic.
Y reacts with W to produce Z.
What are X and Z?
X Z
A N2 CaCl 2
B N2 NH4Cl
C O2 CaCl 2
D O2 NH4Cl
14 Q is a mixture of a Group 2 oxide and a Group 2 sulfate. Q contains equal amounts of the two
compounds.
Q is shaken with water and the resulting mixture filtered; a solid residue is obtained. There is no
reaction when the solid residue is shaken with HCl (aq). Shaking the filtrate with H2SO4(aq)
produces a white precipitate.
What could be Q?
A BaO + BaSO4
B BaO + MgSO4
C MgO + BaSO4
D MgO + MgSO4
15 Which substance will not be a product of the thermal decomposition of hydrated

magnesium nitrate?
A dinitrogen monoxide
B magnesium oxide
C oxygen
D steam
© UCLES 2021 9701/11/M/J/21

7
16 A 5 cm3 sample of 0.05 mol dm–3 sodium chloride is mixed with a 5 cm3 sample of 0.05 mol dm–3
potassium iodide. 10 cm3 of acidified 0.05 mol dm–3 silver nitrate is then added, followed by
concentrated ammonia solution.
What is seen after the addition of an excess of concentrated ammonia solution?
A a cream precipitate
B a white precipitate
C a yellow precipitate
D no precipitate
17 The volatility of the Group 17 elements, chlorine, bromine and iodine, decreases down the group.
What is responsible for this trend?
A bond length in the halogen molecule

B bond strength in the halogen molecule
C electronegativity of the halogen atom
D number of electrons in the halogen atom
18 Acid rain is a dilute solution of sulfuric acid.
Which pollutant also contributes to the formation of acid rain?
A carbon monoxide
B carbon dioxide
C nitrogen dioxide
D hydrocarbons
19 R is an oxide of Period 3 element T. 5.00 g of R contains 2.50 g of T.
What is T?
A magnesium
B aluminium
C silicon
D sulfur

8
20 Bromoethane reacts with cyanide ions, producing propanenitrile.
Which statement about the SN2 mechanism of this reaction is correct?
A The lone pair of electrons on C of CN– attacks the carbon atom of the C–Br bond.
B The lone pair of electrons on C of CN– attacks the carbocation formed when the C–Br bond
breaks.
C The lone pair of electrons on N of CN– attacks the carbon atom of the C–Br bond.
D The lone pair of electrons on N of CN– attacks the carbocation formed when the C–Br bond
breaks.
21 Which compound would produce two different carboxylic acids when treated with hot,
concentrated, acidified manganate(VII) ions?
A B C D
22 Which compound could show both cis-trans isomerism and optical isomerism?
A B C D
Cl Cl O Br Cl
H H H
Br Br Br C C Br Br
C C C
C C Br C C Br C C Cl C C I
Br H I H Cl H Br H
23 Limonene is a hydrocarbon found in the rind of citrus fruits.
limonene
What is the molecular formula of limonene?
A C10H12 B C10H14 C C10H16 D C10H18
© UCLES 2021 9701/11/M/J/21

9
24 The compound cetyl palmitate, C15H31CO2C16H33, is a waxy solid.
Cetyl palmitate is heated under reflux with an excess of aqueous sodium hydroxide.
Which products will be formed?
A C15H31ONa and C16H33CO2Na

B C15H31CO2Na and C16H33ONa
C C15H31OH and C16H33CO2Na
D C15H31CO2Na and C16H33OH
25 When an organic compound is oxidised, any oxygen atom gained by the organic molecule is
considered to be from a water molecule also producing 2H+ + 2e–. Any hydrogen atom lost may
be considered to be lost as H+ + e–.
These changes can be represented by the following two equations.
H2O  [O] + 2H+ + 2e–
[H]  H+ + e–
Compound X is oxidised by heating under reflux with hot, acidified potassium dichromate(VI) for
one hour. The half-equation for the reduction reaction is shown.
Cr2O72– + 14H+ + 6e–  2Cr3+ + 7H2O
Under these conditions, one mole of potassium dichromate(VI) oxidises three moles of X.
What could X be?
A propanal
B propan-1-ol
C propan-1,2-diol
D propan-1,3-diol

10
26 Compound X has the empirical formula C2H4O. Its infra-red spectrum is shown.
100
transmittance / %
50
0
4000 3000 2000 1500 1000 500
wavenumber / cm –1
What could be the skeletal formula of compound X?
A B C D
OH O
O O
O O
O
H OH
27 How many moles of hydrogen, H2, are evolved when an excess of sodium metal is added to
one mole of citric acid?
citric acid
CO2H
HO C CH2CO2H
CH2CO2H
A 0.5 B 1.5 C 2 D 4
28 Which statement is correct for the reaction of carbonyl compounds with HCN?
A The reaction is catalysed by concentrated H2SO4.

B Pentan-2-one and HCN react to give a chiral product.
C The reaction is a condensation reaction.
D The reaction is nucleophilic substitution.
© UCLES 2021 9701/11/M/J/21

11
29 The table describes four reactions of propene.
name of main
reagent used
organic product
A aqueous bromine 2-bromopropane

B cold acidified aqueous potassium manganate(VII) propane-1,3-diol
C hydrogen chloride 2-chloropropane
D steam propan-1-ol
30 Butanoic acid is prepared from 1-bromopropane.
This synthesis requires a sequence of two reactions.
Which compound is prepared in the first stage of the synthesis?
A 1-aminopropane
B propan-1-ol
C butanal
D butanenitrile

12
Section B
be correct.
A B C D
1, 2 and 3 1 and 2 2 and 3 1 only

31 Ethanol combines with ethanoic acid to form ethyl ethanoate according to the following reaction.
C2H5OH(I) + CH3CO2H(I) CH3CO2C2H5(I) + H2O(I) ∆H o = –6 kJ mol–1
9.2 g ethanol, 12 g ethanoic acid and 8.8 g ethyl ethanoate are mixed and allowed to stand at
298 K, until equilibrium is reached.
(Mr: C2H5OH, 46; CH3CO2H, 60; CH3CO2C2H5, 88)
The resulting equilibrium mixture is found to contain 4.8 g ethanoic acid.
The experiment is repeated at 323 K.
1 There are 0.22 moles of ethyl ethanoate in the mixture at equilibrium at 298 K.
2 The equilibrium mixture at 323 K will contain more than 4.8 g of ethanoic acid.
3 If a small amount of water is added at the start of either experiment the value of Kc would not
be affected.
© UCLES 2021 9701/11/M/J/21

13
32 The diagram shows an incomplete energy profile diagram for a reaction.
products
enthalpy
reactants
progress of reaction
Which reactions could this diagram refer to?
1 CaCO3(s)  CaO(s) + CO2(g)
2 H2(g)  2H(g)
3 Cl –(aq)  Cl –(g) + aq
33 A gaseous hydrocarbon has a density of 2.42 g dm–3 under room conditions.
What could be the skeletal formula of this hydrocarbon?
34 Which molecules contain at least one bond angle of 120?
1 C2H4
2 PF5
3 NCl 3
35 Which statements are correct going across Period 3 from sodium to chlorine?
1 The charge on the nucleus increases, pulling the electrons closer to it.
2 The radius of the most common ion of each element decreases.
3 The shielding caused by inner electrons decreases, so the outer electrons are pulled closer
to the nucleus.

14
A B C D
1, 2 and 3 1 and 2 2 and 3 1 only

36 Which statements are correct?
1 Magnesium carbonate decomposes at a lower temperature than calcium carbonate.

2 Calcium hydroxide is more soluble in water than magnesium hydroxide.
3 Calcium is a stronger reducing agent than magnesium.
37 Which statements are correct?
1 1,1-difluoroethane is less reactive than 1,1-dichloroethane.

2 1,1-difluoroethane is polar.
3 The C–F bond is stronger than the C–Cl bond.
38 Which pairs of compounds may be distinguished by testing with alkaline aqueous iodine?
1 butanal and butanone

2 pentan-2-one and pentan-3-ol
3 propanone and propan-2-ol
39 Which reactions have a coloured organic product?
1 ethanal + 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine reagent
2 ethanol + acidified potassium dichromate(VI)
3 ethene + cold dilute acidified potassium manganate(VII)
40 Propanoic acid is reacted with an excess of lithium aluminium hydride. The organic product of this
reaction is reacted with ethanoic acid in the presence of concentrated sulfuric acid, forming
product X.
What are major commercial uses of X?
1 fuel
2 solvent
3 flavouring
© UCLES 2021 9701/11/M/J/21

CHEMISTRY 9701/12
1 hour

*2669587153*

Soft clean eraser
Data booklet
INSTRUCTIONS
INFORMATION
This document has 16 pages.
IB21 06_9701_12/3RP
2
Section A
correct.
1 Which statement about the Avogadro constant is correct?
A It is the mass of one mole of any element.
B It is the mass of 6.02  1023 atoms of any element.

C It is the number of atoms in one mole of neon.
D It is the number of atoms in 12 g of any element.
2 Which equation represents the first ionisation energy of iodine?
A 1
2
I2(g) + e–  I–(g)
B I(g) + e–  I–(g)
C 1
2
I2(g)  I+(g) + e–
D I(g)  I+(g) + e–
3 The structures represent three compounds, each with four carbon atoms per molecule.
X Y Z
O O O
OH O O–Na+
lowest highest
boiling point boiling point
A X Y Z
B Y X Z
C Z X Y
D Z Y X
© UCLES 2021 9701/12/M/J/21

3
4 The structural formula of alliin is shown.
alliin
H H O NH2
y z
xC C CH2 S CH2 C H
H CO2H
What are the approximate bond angles x, y and z in a molecule of alliin?
x y z
A 90 90 109

B 120 109 90
C 120 120 109
D 180 109 109
5 Flask Q contains 5 dm3 of helium at 12 kPa pressure. Flask R contains 10 dm3 of neon at 6 kPa
pressure.
If the flasks are connected at constant temperature, what is the final pressure?
A 8 kPa B 9 kPa C 10 kPa D 11 kPa
6 Sodium chloride, water and air represent three states of matter – solid, liquid and gas.
sodium chloride water air

A particles held can easily be can easily be
in rigid structure compressed compressed
B particles stationary particles move cannot easily be
compressed
C particles stationary particles stationary particles move
D resistant to cannot easily be can easily be
change of shape compressed compressed

4
7 The reaction pathway diagram for the catalysed reaction and the uncatalysed reaction between
N2 and H2 is shown.
N2(g) + 3H2(g) 2NH3(g)
Which letter represents the activation energy for the first step in the decomposition of NH3 in the
presence of a catalyst?
A C
B
energy
N2(g) + 3H2(g)
D
2NH3(g)
reaction pathway
8 Nitrogen and oxygen can react together to form nitrogen monoxide, NO.
N2 + O2  2NO H = +180 kJ mol–1
What is the bond energy of the bond between the atoms in NO?
A 630 kJ mol–1 B 810 kJ mol–1 C 1260 kJ mol–1 D 1620 kJ mol–1
9 The equation for a redox reaction is shown.
SnCl 2(aq) + 2HgCl 2(aq)  SnCl 4(aq) + Hg2Cl 2(s)
Which species is being oxidised in this reaction?
A Sn2+ B Cl – C Hg+ D Hg2+
10 3.60 moles of hydrogen gas and 2.00 moles of iodine vapour are placed in a reaction vessel
which is then sealed and maintained at a constant temperature.
The equation for the reaction is shown.
H2 + I2 2HI
At equilibrium, 3.20 moles of hydrogen remain. All reactants and products are gaseous.
What is the value of Kp under these conditions?
A 0.0313 B 0.125 C 0.156 D 8.00
© UCLES 2021 9701/12/M/J/21

5
11 Two chemicals, X and Y, react together in solution to give product Z.
The rate of formation of product Z at the start of the reaction was measured in five experiments,
1–5, using various concentrations of X and Y. The results are shown.
experiment starting concentration starting concentration rate of formation of Z

number of X / mol dm–3 of Y / mol dm–3 at the start / mol dm–3 s–1
1 0.10 0.10 0.0001

2 0.10 0.20 0.0004
3 0.10 0.40 0.0016
4 0.20 0.10 0.0001
5 0.40 0.10 0.0001
A The rate of the reaction is directly proportional to the concentration of reagent X.

B The rate of the reaction is directly proportional to the concentration of reagent Y.
C The rate of the reaction is not affected by the concentration of reagent X.
D The rate of the reaction is not affected by the concentration of reagent Y.
12 A sample of SiCl 4 is added to cold water.
Which statement describes the mixture formed at the end of the reaction?
A acidic solution with no precipitate

B acidic solution with white precipitate
C neutral solution with no precipitate
D neutral solution with white precipitate
13 L and M are elements in Period 3 of the Periodic Table.
● The oxide of L is a solid at room temperature. This oxide has a giant structure.
● The chloride of L does not react with water.
● Argon is the only element in Period 3 with a lower melting point than M.
Which formula represents a compound of elements L and M?
A Al 2S3 B MgS C NaCl D PCl 5
14 A farmer requires a solid compound to raise the pH of the soil in a field from 5.5 to above 6.0.
Which compound could the farmer use?
A (NH4)2SO4 B NH4NO3 C Ca(OH)2 D Ca(NO3)2

6
15 Z is an anhydrous compound of a Group 2 element. When it is heated, Z undergoes thermal

decomposition to produce two different gases. Z has relatively low thermal stability compared to
other Group 2 compounds containing the same anion as Z.
What is compound Z?
A barium carbonate
B barium nitrate
C magnesium carbonate
D magnesium nitrate
16 Which row gives mixtures that both result in the oxidation of a halide ion?
mixture 1 mixture 2
A AgNO3(aq) and NaCl (aq) concentrated H2SO4(aq) and HI(aq)

B Br2(aq) and NaCl (aq) concentrated H2SO4(aq) and HCl (aq)
C Cl 2(aq) and NaBr(aq) CH3CHBrCH3(l) + NaOH (ethanolic)
D Br2(aq) and NaI(aq) concentrated H2SO4(aq) and NaBr(s)
17 Chlorine gas is widely used to treat contaminated water.
When chlorine is added to water, which chemical species present is responsible for killing
bacteria?
A Cl O2– B Cl – C HCl D Cl O–
18 What is an environmental consequence of the uncontrolled use of nitrate fertilisers?
A acid rain
B low oxygen levels in streams
C ozone depletion
D the greenhouse effect
© UCLES 2021 9701/12/M/J/21

7
19 Ammonia gas, NH3, and hydrogen sulfide gas, H2S, react together to form the salt ammonium
sulfide, (NH4)2S. Ammonium sulfide dissolves in water to produce an orange alkaline solution.
(NH4)2S(aq) NH3(aq) + NH4SH(aq)
The addition of NaOH(aq) to this solution produces a gas, X.

The addition of HCl (aq) to a separate portion of this solution produces a gas, Y.
X and Y could represent different gases or identical gases.
What are the identities of X and Y?
X Y
A H2S H2S
B H2S NH3
C NH3 H2S
D NH3 NH3
20 Compound P is treated with an excess of hydrogen gas in the presence of a nickel catalyst. The
product Q is fully saturated.
compound P
What is the number of chiral carbon atoms in the product Q?
A 4 B 5 C 6 D 7

8
21 Hexadeca-10,12-dien-1-ol is produced by silk moths from hexadecanoic acid in a three-step

enzymic process.
hexadecanoic acid
O
OH
step 1
O
OH
step 2
O
OH
step 3
OH
Which row contains correct descriptions of the three steps?
step 1 step 2 step 3
A elimination elimination dehydration

B elimination reduction reduction
C oxidation elimination oxidation
D oxidation oxidation reduction
22 Compound X can be converted into compound Y in a single step.
compound Y
OH
X
O O
What could be the identity of X?
A B C D
© UCLES 2021 9701/12/M/J/21

9
23 Methane and bromine react by free radical substitution.
P and Q are involved in the reaction mechanism.
P and Q:
● are both involved in propagation steps as reactants

● are both involved in termination steps as reactants.
What could be P and Q?
A Br and H B Br and CH3 C Br and C2H6 D CH3 and CH3Br
24 A few drops of 2-bromopropane were placed in a test-tube. An equal volume of aqueous

silver nitrate was added. A precipitate was formed.
The experiment was repeated with 2-iodopropane.
colour of precipitate from

faster rate of reaction
2-bromopropane + AgNO3(aq)
A cream 2-bromopropane + AgNO3(aq)

B yellow 2-bromopropane + AgNO3(aq)
C cream 2-iodopropane + AgNO3(aq)
D yellow 2-iodopropane + AgNO3(aq)

10
25 Sodium methoxide, Na+CH3O–, reacts with 2-chloro-2-methylpropane in a nucleophilic

substitution reaction. The nucleophile is the CH3O– ion.
intermediate or
product
transition state
A (CH3)3C+ (CH3)3COCH3
B (CH3)3C+ (CH3)3CCH2OH
–
H 3C CH3
C H3CO C Cl HOCH2C(CH3)3
CH3
–
H 3C CH3
D H3CO C Cl H3COC(CH3)3
CH3
26 Alcohol X reacts with concentrated sulfuric acid to produce a mixture of products.
Two of the products are structural isomers of each other.
What could be X?
A hexan-2-ol
B pentan-1-ol
C pentan-3-ol
D propan-2-ol
27 Which reaction will form a strong organic base?
A ethanol and acidified sodium dichromate

B ethanol and hot aluminium oxide
C ethanol and sodium
D ethanol and hydrogen chloride
© UCLES 2021 9701/12/M/J/21

11
28 Which reaction mechanism for the formation of C2H5CH(OH)(CN) is correct?
H+
O– OH
!–
O H H
A !+
C C
N C–
H
N N
H+
O– OH
!–
O H H
B !+
C C
N C–
H
N N
H+
O– OH
!+
O H H
C !–
C C
N C–
H
N N
H+
O– OH
!–
O H H
D !+
C C
N C–
H
N N
29 The synthesis shown may be used for the production of propan-1-ol.
step 1 step 2
compound X OH
N
Which row gives the correct reagents for steps 1 and 2?
step 1 step 2
A HCl (aq) H2 + Ni
B HCl (aq) LiAl H4
C NaOH(aq) H2 + Ni
D NaOH(aq) NaBH4

12
30 The molecular formula of Z is C4H8O.
The infra-red spectrum of Z is shown.
100
transmittance / %
50
0
4000 3000 2000 1500 1000 500
wavenumber / cm–1
What could be Z?
A B C D
OH O
O
OH OH
© UCLES 2021 9701/12/M/J/21

13
Section B
be correct.
A B C D
1, 2 and 3 1 and 2 2 and 3 1 only

31 In which ions are the number of electrons equal to the number of neutrons?
19 
1 9F
2 31
15 P
23 
3 11Na
32 Compound X is a straight chain hydrocarbon with an Mr of 84.
What can be determined about X?
1 empirical formula
2 molecular formula
3 whether X contains a C=C bond or not

14
A B C D
1, 2 and 3 1 and 2 2 and 3 1 only

33 When a sample of ammonium chloride is warmed it decomposes into ammonia and hydrogen
chloride gas.
NH4Cl (s)  NH3(g) + HCl (g) reaction 1
cold surface solid ammonium

chloride (reformed)
solid
ammonium chloride
heat
When the mixture of hot ammonia and hydrogen chloride gases hit a cold surface, a white solid of
ammonium chloride reforms.
1 Reaction 1 is in dynamic equilibrium.

2 Reaction 1 is reversible.
3 Reaction 1 is an endothermic reaction.
34 Hydrogen chloride gas is formed by the reaction shown.
H2(g) + Cl 2(g)  2HCl (g)
What will change the average kinetic energy of the reacting gas particles?
1 increasing the temperature and increasing the concentration of hydrogen

2 cooling the reaction mixture and adding a catalyst
3 adding a catalyst and increasing the concentration of chlorine
© UCLES 2021 9701/12/M/J/21

15
35 Which oxides will cause a change in pH when added to water?
1 CaO
2 Al 2O3
3 SiO2
36 Which reaction routes can be used to make a pure sample of barium sulfate?
heat dilute dilute filter, wash

1 Ba product product product
in O2 HCl H2SO4 and dry
strong solid an excess dilute filter, wash

2 Ba(NO3)2 product product
heat in air product of water H2SO4 and dry
dilute dilute filter, wash

3 Ba(OH)2 product product
HNO3 H2SO4 and dry
37 Cortisone is a synthetic hormone.
cortisone
O OH
HO OH
H
H H
O
Which classes of alcohol does this molecule contain?
1 primary alcohol
2 secondary alcohol
3 tertiary alcohol
38 Which changes are commonly involved in the formation of an addition polymer?
1 the formation of a -bond
2 the breaking of a -bond

3 the change in hybridisation of the orbitals of a carbon atom from sp2 to sp3

16
A B C D
1, 2 and 3 1 and 2 2 and 3 1 only

39 Which alcohols can be oxidised to form an organic compound which will give coloured
precipitates with both 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine reagent and alkaline aqueous iodine?
OH
1
OH O
3 OH
40 Which mixtures form a carboxylic acid as one of the products?
1 + H2SO4(aq) "
O
O–
2 + H2SO4(aq) "
O
O
3 + H2SO4(aq) "
Permission to reproduce items where third-party owned material protected by copyright is included has been sought and cleared where possible. Every
reasonable effort has been made by the publisher (UCLES) to trace copyright holders, but if any items requiring clearance have unwittingly been included, the
publisher will be pleased to make amends at the earliest possible opportunity.
To avoid the issue of disclosure of answer-related information to candidates, all copyright acknowledgements are reproduced online in the Cambridge
Assessment International Education Copyright Acknowledgements Booklet. This is produced for each series of examinations and is freely available to download
at www.cambridgeinternational.org after the live examination series.
Cambridge Assessment International Education is part of the Cambridge Assessment Group. Cambridge Assessment is the brand name of the University of
Cambridge Local Examinations Syndicate (UCLES), which itself is a department of the University of Cambridge.
© UCLES 2021 9701/12/M/J/21

CHEMISTRY 9701/13
1 hour

*9003800186*

Soft clean eraser
Data booklet
INSTRUCTIONS
INFORMATION
IB21 06_9701_13/2RP
2
Section A
correct.
1 Compound X is an organic compound that contains 30.6% carbon, 3.8% hydrogen, 20.4%
oxygen and 45.2% chlorine by mass.
What is the empirical formula of X?
A C2H3OCl B C2H4OCl C C3H4OCl D C4H3O2Cl 2
2 A sample of propane, C3H8, with a mass of 9.61 g is completely combusted in an excess of

oxygen under room conditions.
Which volume of carbon dioxide gas is produced?
A 4.89 dm3 B 5.24 dm3 C 14.7 dm3 D 15.7 dm3
3 Which atom has the same number of electrons as an ammonium ion?
A Mg B Na C Ne D O
4 Ethanal reacts with hydroxylamine, NH2OH, to form the molecule shown.
H H
y z
H C C N O H
x
H
What is the order of increasing bond angle in this structure from smallest to largest?
A z, x, y B y, z, x C x, z, y D z, y, x
© UCLES 2021 9701/13/M/J/21

3
5 Descriptions of the bonding in three substances are given.
substance 1 strong covalent bonds between atoms, permanent dipole-dipole

attractions between molecules
substance 2 strong covalent bonds between atoms, weak forces between molecules
substance 3 strong covalent bonds between atoms, hydrogen bonding between
molecules
Which compounds could be substances 1, 2 and 3?
substance 1 substance 2 substance 3
A CH3OH Al 2Cl 6 CH2Cl 2

B Al 2Cl 6 CH2Cl 2 CH4
C CH2Cl 2 CH4 CH3OH
D CH4 CH3OH H2O
6 Which type of bonding is never found in elements?
A covalent
B ionic
C metallic
D van der Waals’ forces
7 Using the information in the table, what is the enthalpy change, q, for the reaction described?
Cs+(g) + Br –(g)  CsBr(s) ∆H = q kJ mol–1
standard value
enthalpy change / kJ mol–1
H sol
o
CsBr(s) +25.9
H hyd
o
Cs+(g) –276
H hyd
o
Br –(g) –335
A –636.9 B –585.1 C +585.1 D +636.9

4
8 Which enthalpy change is indicated by X in the enthalpy cycle shown?
C(s) + 2H2(g) + 2O2(g)
CH4(g) CO2(g) + X
CH4(g)
CH4(g) + 2O2(g) CO2(g) + 2H2O(l)
A – 4  the enthalpy of combustion of hydrogen
B + 4  the enthalpy of combustion of hydrogen
C – 2  the enthalpy of formation of water
D + 2  the enthalpy of formation of water
9 Copper dissolves in dilute nitric acid producing a blue solution of Cu(NO3)2, water and
nitrogen(II) oxide as the only products.
How many moles of acid react with three moles of copper in the balanced equation?
A 2 B 4 C 6 D 8
10 Nitrogen reacts with hydrogen to produce ammonia.
N2(g) + 3H2(g) 2NH3(g)
A mixture of 2.00 mol of nitrogen, 6.00 mol of hydrogen and 2.40 mol of ammonia is allowed to
reach equilibrium in a sealed vessel of volume 1 dm3. It is found that 2.32 mol of nitrogen were
present in the equilibrium mixture.
Which expression will give the value of Kc?
(1.76 )2
A
(2.32)(6.96)3
(1.76)2
B
(2.32)(6.32)3
(2.08 )2
C
(2.32)(6.32)3
(2.40)2
D
(2.32)(6.00)3
© UCLES 2021 9701/13/M/J/21

5
11 Nitric acid is produced by oxidising ammonia. The first step is to react ammonia with oxygen in
the presence of a catalyst to form nitrogen monoxide.
4NH3(g) + 5O2(g) 4NO(g) + 6H2O(g) H = –1636 kJ mol–1
Which set of conditions will produce the greatest yield of nitrogen monoxide at equilibrium?
temperature pressure
A high high
B high low
C low high
D low low
12 The height of the peak of the curve in a Boltzmann distribution represents the number of
molecules that have the most probable energy.
A sample of gas has its temperature decreased without changing the number of molecules
present.
Which statement correctly describes a feature of the Boltzmann distribution for the gas when the
temperature decreases?
A The value of the most probable energy would stay the same.
B The number of molecules with the most probable energy would increase.
C The area under the molecular energy distribution curve would decrease.
D The number of molecules at the very high energy end of the distribution would stay the
same.
13 Ammonia exists as simple covalent molecules, NH3. Ammonia can react with suitable reagents to
form products containing ammonium ions, NH4+. Ammonia can also react with suitable reagents
to form products containing amide ions, NH2–.
Which of these nitrogen-containing species are present in an aqueous solution of ammonia?
A ammonia molecules and amide ions

B ammonia molecules and ammonium ions
C ammonia molecules only
D ammonium ions only

6
14 Which problem can result if too much NH4NO3 is applied to crops by farmers?
A Not all the NH4NO3 is used by plants and the excess makes the soil alkaline.
B Rain washes some of the NH4NO3 into rivers where it forms a precipitate.
C Some of the NH4NO3 dissolves in groundwater which may eventually be used for drinking.
D Ammonia is produced; this lowers the pH of the soil.
15 When descending Group 17 from chlorine to iodine, which statement is correct?
A The hydrides become less thermally stable as they become weaker reducing agents.
B The hydrides become more thermally stable as the reactivity of the elements decreases.
C The volatility of the elements decreases as the van der Waals’ forces increase.
D The volatility of the elements increases as the size of the molecules increases.
16 A powder is known to be either a single sodium halide or a mixture of two sodium halides.
A sample of the powder was dissolved in water.
Aqueous silver nitrate was added, and a pale yellow precipitate was formed. When concentrated
aqueous ammonia was then added, this precipitate partly dissolved leaving a darker yellow
precipitate.
What could the powder be?
A sodium bromide only

B sodium iodide only
C a mixture of sodium chloride and sodium bromide
D a mixture of sodium chloride and sodium iodide
17 Which statement is correct?
A Doctors can use the very insoluble MgSO4 to investigate the digestive system.
B Farmers can lower the pH of soil by spreading CaCO3 on it.
C Students can test a solution for SO42– ions by using Ba(NO3)2(aq) followed by HNO3(aq).
D The insoluble hydroxide, Ba(OH)2, can be safely used to lower the acidity of the stomach.
© UCLES 2021 9701/13/M/J/21

7
18 A solid, X, was placed in an excess of the liquid Y.
A colourless gas was given off and a white precipitate was seen. The precipitate was not X.
What could be the identities of X and Y?
X Y
A BaCO3 H2O
B Ca dilute H2SO4
C Mg dilute H2SO4
D SrCO3 dilute HCl
19 Two oxides of Period 3 elements are added separately to water. Both react to form colourless
solutions. One solution is alkaline, the other is acidic.
What could be the two oxides?
A Al 2O3 and SiO2

B Al 2O3 and P4O10
C Na2O and P4O10
D Na2O and SiO2
20 Which compound shows stereoisomerism?
A 2-methylbut-2-ene
B 2-chloropropan-1-ol
C difluorochlorobromomethane
D pent-1-ene
21 Two carbon-containing products result from the reaction of alkene Z with a hot, concentrated,
acidified solution of potassium manganate(VII).
One product forms an orange precipitate with 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine reagent. The other
product is a gas which gives a white precipitate with aqueous calcium hydroxide.
Which alkene could be alkene Z?
A but-2-ene
B 2-methylpropene
C 2-methylbut-2-ene
D propene

8
22 What is the correct mechanism for the addition of hydrogen bromide to ethene?
H H H H H H
A C C H C C+ H C C Br
H–
H H Br H H H
+
Br !
–
H!
H H H H H H
B C C H C C+ H C C Br
–
Br
H H H H H H
+
H!
–
Br !
H H H H H H
C C C H C C+ H C C Br
–
H
H H Br H H H
+
Br !
–
H!
H H H H H H
D C C H C C+ H C C Br
Br–
H H H H H H
+
H!
–
Br !
23 Halogenoalkanes react with nucleophiles such as OH–.
Which pair of halogenoalkanes both react via an SN1 mechanism?
A B
Br Cl
and and
Cl
Br
C D
Br
and and
Br Cl Br
© UCLES 2021 9701/13/M/J/21

9
24 A mixture of ethanol and methanol is burned in oxygen to produce 35 cm3 of CO2 and 55 cm3 of
H2O.
Complete combustion occurs and the volumes of both products are measured at 101 kPa and
120 C.
What is the molar ratio, ethanol : methanol, in the mixture?
A 1:3 B 2:3 C 3:2 D 3:1
25 Two reactions are shown. Only one product is identified in each reaction.
ethanol + acidified Cr2O72–  ethanal
ethanol + sodium  sodium ethoxide
Which statement about these reactions is correct?
A The formations of both ethanal and sodium ethoxide are redox reactions.
B The formations of both ethanal and sodium ethoxide result in colour changes.
C The formation of ethanal is catalysed by potassium dichromate.
D The formation of sodium ethoxide is a dehydration reaction.
26 The skeletal formulae of three compounds are shown.
R S T
OH O
O O O
Which compounds will give a positive test with 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine reagent?
A R only B R and S only C S and T only D R, S and T

10
27 The diagram shows the structure of a compound formed by the reaction of HCN with a carbonyl
compound, X.
C 4H 9
H3C C CN
OH
What is the mechanism of this reaction and what is the functional group in X?
mechanism of reaction functional group in X
A electrophilic addition aldehyde

B electrophilic addition ketone
C nucleophilic addition aldehyde
D nucleophilic addition ketone
28 Compound Y is treated with a single reagent under suitable conditions. 2-methylbutanoic acid is
produced.
What could compound Y be?
A pentan-2-one
C 2-methylbutanenitrile
D methylpropanenitrile
29 Two reactions are shown.
LiAl H4
(CH3)2CHCO2H alcohol P
hydrolysis
CH3CO2CH(CH3)2 alcohol Q + acid R
To which classes of alcohol do P and Q belong?
P Q
A primary primary
B primary secondary
C secondary primary
D secondary secondary
© UCLES 2021 9701/13/M/J/21

11
30 The infra-red spectrum of molecule Z is shown.
100
transmittance / %
50
0
4000 3000 2000 1500 1000 500
wavenumber / cm–1
What could be the identity of Z?
A B
HO OH
O O
HO O O O
C D
O O
O O O O

12
Section B
be correct.
A B C D
1, 2 and 3 1 and 2 2 and 3 1 only

31 Which statements about first ionisation energies are correct?
1 They are always endothermic.

2 They decrease down Group 2.
3 They decrease across Period 3.
32 The equation shows the decomposition of three moles of an ion containing chromium in an acid
solution.
3CrO43–(aq) + 8H+(aq)  2CrO42–(aq) + Cr3+(aq) + 4H2O(l)
1 One mole of CrO43– is reduced.

2 Two moles of CrO43– are oxidised.
3 Three moles of electrons are transferred.
33 Disaccharides are hydrolysed in slightly acidic solutions. This reaction is very slow.
A biological catalyst is added to a slightly acidic mixture of three disaccharides, sucrose, maltose
and lactose. The hydrolysis reaction remains slow for sucrose and maltose but is now much
faster for lactose.
Which statements about the catalyst are correct?
1 The catalyst increases the activation energy of all three hydrolysis reactions.
2 The catalyst shows specificity.
3 The hydrolysis of lactose using a catalyst has a different mechanism to the hydrolysis of
lactose without a catalyst.
© UCLES 2021 9701/13/M/J/21

13
34 Element X is a solid under room conditions. It occurs as a contaminant of fossil fuels.
Its oxide, Y, is formed when fossil fuels are burned.
In the atmosphere, Y can be further oxidised to Z.
Which statements about X, Y and Z are correct?
1 Atoms of X have paired p electrons.

2 The atmospheric oxidation of Y to Z is a catalysed reaction.
3 With water, Z forms a strong acid.
35 Which reagents produce a solution of sodium chlorate(V)?
1 chlorine and hot concentrated sodium hydroxide solution

2 chlorine and cold dilute sodium hydroxide solution
3 chlorine dissolved in water at room temperature
36 Which statements help to explain the increase in melting point from sodium to aluminium?
1 The charge on the metal ion increases.

2 There are more delocalised electrons per metal ion.
3 The radius of the metal ion decreases.
37 The diagram shows a molecule of a compound used as a flame retardant.
Br
Br
Br
Br Br
Br
Which statements about this structure are correct?
1 Each brominated C atom is chiral.

2 The molecular formula is C12H20Br6.
3 The C–C–C bond angles are all 120.

14
A B C D
1, 2 and 3 1 and 2 2 and 3 1 only

38 Bromoethane reacts with NaOH in different ways depending on the solvent used.
Which rows about these reactions are correct?
solvent used organic product
1 water ethan-1,2-diol
2 ethanol ethene
3 water ethanol
39 Three compounds, X, Y and Z, are shown.
X Y Z
C2H5COCH3 C2H5CHO CH3CO2H
1 X reacts with alkaline aqueous iodine.

2 Y reacts with Tollens’ reagent.
3 Z does not react with alkaline aqueous iodine.
40 5-hydroxypentanoic acid is readily converted into the cyclic compound L.
Which statements about this reaction are correct?
1 Acidified sodium dichromate(VI) is used as a reagent.

2 A water molecule is produced in the reaction.
3 The reaction can be catalysed by concentrated H 2SO4.
© UCLES 2021 9701/13/M/J/21

CHEMISTRY 9701/11
Paper 1 Multiple Choice October/November 2021
1 hour

*2315248955*

Soft clean eraser
Data booklet
INSTRUCTIONS
INFORMATION
IB21 11_9701_11/FP
2
Section A
correct.
1 The mass spectrum of a sample of neon is shown. The relative abundance of each peak is
written in brackets above it.
(100)
relative
abundance
(8)
(0.3)
20 21 22
mass
charge
What is the relative atomic mass, Ar, of this sample of neon?
A 20.15 B 20.20 C 21.00 D 21.82
2 2.0 g of ammonium nitrate, NH4NO3, decomposes to give 0.90 g of water and a single gas.
What is the identity of the gas?
A NO B NO2 C N2O D N2
3 Which of these elements has the highest fifth ionisation energy?
A C B N C P D Si
4 The ion X2+ has the same electronic configuration as the atom Kr.
What is the electronic configuration of an atom of X?
A [Ar] 4s23d104p6
B [Ar] 4s23d104p65s2
C [Ar] 4s24d104p6
D [Ar] 4s24d104p65s2
© UCLES 2021 9701/11/O/N/21

3
5 Which type of interaction exists between water molecules and metal cations in aqueous solution?
A dipole-dipole interactions
B hydrogen bonds
C ion-dipole interactions
D ionic bonds
6 Which substance shows the greatest deviation from the properties of an ideal gas under room
conditions?
A CO2(g) B H2(g) C Ne(g) D NH3(g)
7 In order to determine the enthalpy of neutralisation of a strong acid and a strong alkali, 25.0 cm3
of 2.00 mol dm‒3 sodium hydroxide is added to 25.0 cm3 of 2.00 mol dm‒3 hydrochloric acid. The
increase in temperature is 12 C.
In a second experiment, the same method is used, but 50.0 cm3 of 2.00 mol dm‒3
sodium hydroxide is added to 50.0 cm3 of 2.00 mol dm‒3 hydrochloric acid.
What is the increase in temperature in the second experiment?
A 6 C B 12 C C 24 C D 48 C
8 Which equation represents the enthalpy change of atomisation of iodine?
A 1
2
I2(g)  I(g)
B I2(g)  2I(g)
C 1
2
I2(s)  I(g)
D I2(s)  2I(g)
9 Zinc atoms can be oxidised to Zn2+ ions by dichromate(VI) ions in acid solution. Chromium is
reduced to Cr3+ in this reaction.
Which equation is correct?
A Cr2O72– + Zn + 14H+  2Cr3+ + Zn2+ + 7H2O
B Cr2O72– + Zn + 14H+  2Cr3+ + 3Zn2+ + 7H2O
C Cr2O72– + 3Zn + 14H+  2Cr3+ + 3Zn2+ + 7H2O
D 2Cr2O72– + 3Zn + 14H+  2Cr3+ + 3Zn2+ + 7H2O
© UCLES 2021 9701/11/O/N/21 [Turn over

4
10 The equation shows that H2(g) and I2(g) react to form an equilibrium mixture.
H2(g) + I2(g) 2HI(g) H o = –9.6 kJ mol–1
A mixture containing equal amounts of H2(g) and I2(g) is made at temperature T1 and the
composition of the mixture is monitored. A graph of the results is shown.
0.5
mole fraction
of I2(g)
0.23
0
0 time
The experiment is repeated at a lower temperature, T2.
Which new graph would be obtained?
A B
0.5 0.5
mole fraction mole fraction
of I2(g) of I2(g)
0.23 0.23
0 0
0 time 0 time
C D
0.5 0.5
mole fraction mole fraction
of I2(g) of I2(g)
0.23 0.23
0 0
0 time 0 time
© UCLES 2021 9701/11/O/N/21

5
11 The diagram shows the Boltzmann distribution of energies for a reactant gas. For a particular
reaction, the activation energy is X.
number of
particles with
energy, E
0
0 X
energy, E
Which change to the diagram occurs if an effective catalyst is added at the same temperature?
A More particles will possess higher values of E.

B The peak will move to the left.
C The peak will move to the right.
D The value of the activation energy decreases.
12 Which element requires the least number of moles of oxygen for the complete combustion of
1 mol of its atoms?
A aluminium
B magnesium
C phosphorus
D sodium
13 An element, Y, reacts according to the following sequence.
burns an excess of
in O2 HCl (aq) NaOH(aq) NaOH(aq)
Y white solid solution white precipitate solution
What could be element Y?
A Na B Mg C Al D P
14 In which list are all three compounds soluble in water?
A barium chloride, calcium carbonate, magnesium hydroxide

B barium hydroxide, calcium hydroxide, strontium carbonate
C barium chloride, barium hydroxide, magnesium sulfate
D barium sulfate, calcium sulfate, magnesium hydroxide

6
15 Anhydrous magnesium nitrate, Mg(NO3)2, decomposes when heated, giving a white solid and a
mixture of two gases, X and Y.
Y is oxygen.
What is the ratio mass of X released ?

mass of Y released
A 1 B 1 C 1 D 1
0.174 0.267 0.348 3.43
16 In a series of nine experiments, to test the reactivity of the halogens, an aqueous solution of each
halogen is added to an equal volume of an aqueous solution containing halide ions, as shown in
the table.
halogen halide solution

solution sodium chloride (aq) sodium bromide (aq) sodium iodide (aq)
chlorine (aq) experiment 1 experiment 2 experiment 3

bromine (aq) experiment 4 experiment 5 experiment 6
iodine (aq) experiment 7 experiment 8 experiment 9
The nine resulting mixtures are then shaken separately with an equal volume of hexane. The nine
tubes are left to stand so that the aqueous and organic solvents separate into layers.
How many test-tubes contain a purple upper hexane layer?
A 1 B 2 C 3 D 5
17 Z is a compound of sodium, chlorine and oxygen.
It contains 45.1% by mass of oxygen.
Z is prepared by reacting sodium hydroxide with chlorine.
Which row shows the conditions used for the reaction and the oxidation state of chlorine in Z?
reaction conditions oxidation state of Cl in Z
A cold dilute NaOH +1

B cold dilute NaOH +5
C hot concentrated NaOH +1
D hot concentrated NaOH +5
© UCLES 2021 9701/11/O/N/21

7
18 Which row is correct?
shape bonds present

ammonia ammonium ammonia ammonium
molecule ion molecule ion
A pyramidal regular tetrahedral  

B pyramidal regular tetrahedral  
C regular tetrahedral pyramidal  
D regular tetrahedral pyramidal  
19 The table describes two possible environmental consequences of adding too much ammonium
nitrate fertiliser to the soil.
increased plant photochemical

growth in rivers smog
A
B
C
D
20 Hex-2-ene can be made by the reaction shown.
H O– HO
+ I–
Which statement about this reaction is correct?
A (CH3)3CO– is behaving as a Brønsted-Lowry base.

B (CH3)3CO– is behaving as an oxidising agent.
C The C–I bond breaks via homolytic fission.

D This is a hydrolysis reaction.

8
21 Structural isomerism only should be considered when answering this question.
Molecule X contains three C=C double bonds. One mole of X is reacted with three moles of HBr.
The carbon skeleton is unchanged.
molecule X
How many different products are formed?
A 3 B 4 C 6 D 8
22 Structural isomerism and stereoisomerism should be considered when answering this question.
A colourless liquid, C5H11Cl , exists as a mixture of two optical isomers.
When heated with sodium hydroxide in ethanol, a mixture of only two alkenes is formed.
What could the colourless liquid be?
A (CH3CH2)2CHCl
B CH3CH2CH2CHCl CH3
C CH3CH2CCl (CH3)2
D (CH3)2CHCHCl CH3
23 When 2-bromo-2-methylpropane reacts with aqueous sodium hydroxide, an alcohol is formed.
Which diagram describes the first step in the reaction mechanism?
A B C D
CH3 CH3 CH3 CH3

!+ !– !+ !– !+ !– !+ !–
H 3C C Br H 3C C Br H 3C C Br H 3C C Br
– –
CH3 CH3 HO•• CH3 HO•• CH3
© UCLES 2021 9701/11/O/N/21

9
24 When an organic compound, Q, is treated with phosphorus pentachloride, fumes of hydrogen

chloride are evolved. When Q is warmed with acidified aqueous potassium dichromate(VI), the
solution turns green.
What is Q?
A CH3CH2CHO
B CH3CH2CO2H
C CH3CH(OH)CH3
D (CH3)3COH
25 Alcohol Y gives a yellow precipitate with alkaline aqueous iodine. It can be oxidised to give a
mixture of products including substance Z. Substance Z gives a red-brown precipitate with
Fehling’s solution.
Which alcohol could be Y?
A CH3CH(OH)CH(CH3)CH2OH
B CH3C(OH)(CH3)CH2CH2OH
C CH3CH(OH)CH2CH(OH)CH3
D CH2(OH)CH2CH(OH)CH2CH3
26 CH3CH2COCH2CH3 reacts with hydrogen cyanide to form an organic product called a

cyanohydrin.
A The cyanohydrin product has one chiral centre.

B The cyanohydrin product is formed by electrophilic addition.
C The cyanohydrin product is formed via an intermediate which contains a C–OH group.
D The formation of the cyanohydrin product requires the use of cyanide ions as a catalyst.
27 Reduction of compound R with LiAl H4 gives the compound 4-methylpentane-2,3-diol.
What could be the identity of compound R?
A B C D
O O O O O O
O O

10
28 Citric acid is found in lemon juice.
citric acid
HO2CCH2C(OH)(CO2H)CH2CO2H
Which volume of 0.40 mol dm–3 sodium hydroxide solution is required to neutralise a solution
containing 0.0050 mol of citric acid?
A 12.5 cm3 B 25.0 cm3 C 37.5 cm3 D 50.0 cm3
29 The structural formula of an ester is (CH3)2CHOCO(CH2)2CH3.
This ester is boiled with aqueous hydrochloric acid.
Which two products are formed?
A propan-1-ol and butanoic acid

B propan-2-ol and butanoic acid
C propan-1-ol and propanoic acid
D propan-2-ol and propanoic acid
© UCLES 2021 9701/11/O/N/21

11
30 The infra-red spectra of three organic compounds are shown.
100
transmittance / %
spectrum 1 50
0
4000 3000 2000 1500 1000 500
wavenumber / cm–1
100
transmittance / %
spectrum 2 50
0
4000 3000 2000 1500 1000 500
wavenumber / cm–1
100
transmittance / %
spectrum 3 50
0
4000 3000 2000 1500 1000 500
wavenumber / cm–1
What could the three compounds be?
spectrum 1 spectrum 2 spectrum 3
A propanoic acid propanone propan-2-ol

B propanone propanoic acid propan-2-ol
C propanone propan-2-ol propanoic acid
D propan-2-ol propanoic acid propanone

12
Section B
be correct.
A B C D
1, 2 and 3 1 and 2 2 and 3 1 only

31 Which changes can be used to measure the rates of chemical reactions?
1 the decrease in concentration of a reactant per unit time

2 the rate of appearance of a product
3 the increase in total volume of gas per unit time at constant pressure
32 Iron reacts with steam to produce hydrogen and an oxide of iron.
3Fe(s) + 4H2O(g) Fe3O4(s) + 4H2(g)
A system containing all four substances is at equilibrium.
Which changes will decrease the mass of Fe present at equilibrium?
1 addition of steam at constant pressure

2 increase in overall pressure
3 addition of an effective catalyst
33 Ethylene glycol, HOCH2CH2OH, is used as a de-icer. It allows ice to melt at temperatures

below 0 C.
1 Ethylene glycol disrupts the extensive network of hydrogen bonds in ice.

2 Ethylene glycol molecules form hydrogen bonds with other ethylene glycol molecules.
3 Ethylene glycol molecules will dissolve in the water formed from the ice.
© UCLES 2021 9701/11/O/N/21

13
34 Which molecules contain at least one unpaired electron?
1 NO
2 NO2
3 NH3
35 Which elements form a chloride in which both covalent bonding and coordinate (dative covalent)
bonding are present?
1 Al
2 Si
3 Mg
36 Which statements about calcium oxide are correct?
1 It can be reduced by heating with magnesium.

2 It is produced when calcium nitrate is heated.
3 It reacts with cold water.
37 A diketo acid is a compound with two ketone groups and one carboxylic acid group.
limonene terpinolene
Which statements about the reactions of limonene and terpinolene are correct?
1 When reacted with an excess of hydrogen and a nickel catalyst, limonene and terpinolene
produce the same compound.
2 An excess of hot concentrated acidified KMnO4 reacts with limonene and with terpinolene to
form different diketo acids.
3 The reactions of limonene and terpinolene with an excess of Br2 produce positional isomers
with the same number of chiral carbon atoms.

14
A B C D
1, 2 and 3 1 and 2 2 and 3 1 only

38 One molecule of dodecane, C12H26, is cracked, producing three product molecules, X, Y and Z.
X is a straight chain alkane. Y and Z are straight chain alkenes with different Mr values.
1 If Y and Z are but-1-ene and ethene respectively, X will be hexane.

2 If X is butane, then Y and Z could both show cis-trans isomerism.
3 X could be octane.
39 Which statements about chlorofluoroalkanes are correct?
1 Both the C–Cl and C–F bonds are readily dissociated by ultra-violet light.
2 They have caused ozone depletion.
3 They are relatively chemically inert.
40 Which reactions of propan-1-ol have water as one of the products?
1 passing propan-1-ol vapour over hot Al 2O3

2 mixing propan-1-ol with warm ethanoic acid and a few drops of concentrated sulfuric acid
3 warming propan-1-ol with HBr
© UCLES 2021 9701/11/O/N/21

CHEMISTRY 9701/12
Paper 1 Multiple Choice October/November 2021
1 hour

*8531315998*

Soft clean eraser
Data booklet
INSTRUCTIONS
INFORMATION
IB21 11_9701_12/3RP
2
Section A
correct.
1 Compound X consists of 40.0% carbon, 6.7% hydrogen and 53.3% oxygen by mass.
What is the empirical formula of compound X?
A CH2O B C2H2O C C2H4O D CHO
2 Which statement is correct?
A 1.0 g of hydrogen gas contains 3.0  1023 atoms.
B 4.0 g of helium gas contains 1.2  1024 atoms.
C 16 g of methane gas contains 3.0  1024 atoms.
D 44 g of carbon dioxide gas contains 6.0  1023 atoms.
3 Technetium (Tc) is a second row transition element that does not occur naturally on Earth. One of
its isotopes has 56 neutrons.
What is the nucleon number of this isotope?
A 43 B 56 C 99 D 112
4 Which atom has more unpaired electrons than paired electrons in orbitals of principal quantum
number 2?
A carbon
B nitrogen
C oxygen
D fluorine
© UCLES 2021 9701/12/O/N/21

3
5 Atom X is the central atom in a molecule.
In this molecule, atom X has four pairs of valence electrons in its outer shell.
The four pairs of valence electrons include at least one bond pair and at least one lone pair.
What could be a possible shape for the molecule?
A linear
B non-linear
C trigonal bipyramidal
D trigonal planar
6 Which molecule has the largest overall dipole?
A B C D
Cl Cl H Cl
C C O C O C O C O
Cl Cl H Cl
7 The strength of hydrogen bonding increases as the electronegativity of the element bonded to
hydrogen increases.
Some information for a range of hydrides is given.
boiling point
hydride
/K
PH3 185
HCl 188
HF 293
H2O 373
Which statement and reason about these hydrides is correct?
A The boiling point of PH3 is much lower than the boiling point of H2O because PH3 does not
form hydrogen bonds or instantaneous dipole-induced dipole forces between its molecules.
B The boiling point of HF is higher than the boiling point of HCl because the bond energy of
H–F is greater than the bond energy of H–Cl.
C The boiling point of H2O is higher than the boiling point of HF because each hydrogen bond
between the H2O molecules is stronger than each hydrogen bond between HF molecules.
D The boiling points of PH3 and HCl are similar because the molecules of PH3 and HCl have
the same number of electrons and similar intermolecular forces.

4
8 The general gas equation can be used to calculate the value of the Mr of a gas.
For a sample of a gas of mass m grams, which expression will give the value of Mr?
mRT pVRT mpV pV
A Mr = B Mr = C Mr = D Mr =
pV m RT mRT
9 The equation for the formation of ammonium chloride is shown.
NH3(g) + HCl (g) NH4Cl (s) H = –314 kJ mol–1
Which diagram shows the correctly labelled reaction pathway diagram for the decomposition of
ammonium chloride?
A B
EA NH3 + HCl NH3 + HCl
energy energy EA
∆H ∆H
NH4Cl NH4Cl
progress of reaction progress of reaction
C D
NH4Cl EA NH4Cl
energy energy EA
∆H ∆H
NH3 + HCl NH3 + HCl
progress of reaction progress of reaction
© UCLES 2021 9701/12/O/N/21

5
10 In a catalytic converter in the exhaust system of a car, carbon monoxide is oxidised to carbon
dioxide, and nitrogen monoxide is reduced to nitrogen.
What are the changes in oxidation number of carbon and nitrogen in these two processes?
carbon nitrogen
A –2 +2
B –1 +1
C +1 –1
D +2 –2
11 NO and NO2 are both present in the lower atmosphere as pollutants.
The reaction sequence shows the production of ozone from oxygen in the lower atmosphere.
This sequence repeats many times.
NO2(g)  NO(g) + O(g)
NO(g) + 1
2
O2(g)  NO2(g)
O2(g) + O(g)  O3(g)
Which statement about this reaction sequence is correct?
A NO is acting as a catalyst, but NO2 is not acting as a catalyst.

B NO2 is acting as a catalyst, but NO is not acting as a catalyst.
C Neither NO nor NO2 are acting as catalysts.
D Both NO and NO2 are acting as catalysts.
12 A mixture of two Period 3 oxides are added to water. A solution forms with a pH of just below 7.
What could be the constituents of the mixture?
A Al 2O3 and MgO

B Na2O and MgO
C Na2O and P4O10
D SO3 and P4O10

6
13 Which statement about the compounds of the Group 2 metals is correct?
A Barium carbonate is less thermally stable than strontium carbonate.

B Barium sulfate is less soluble than magnesium sulfate.
C Calcium hydroxide is less soluble than magnesium hydroxide.
D Calcium nitrate is more thermally stable than strontium nitrate.
14 A 0.005 mol sample of anhydrous calcium carbonate is completely thermally decomposed to give
100 cm3 of gas.
In a separate experiment carried out under the same conditions, a 0.005 mol sample of
anhydrous calcium nitrate is completely thermally decomposed. The volume of gaseous products
is measured.
What total volume of gaseous products is produced from the calcium nitrate?
A 50 cm3 B 100 cm3 C 200 cm3 D 250 cm3
15 Redox reactions are common in the chemistry of Group 17 elements.
A Br – ions will reduce Cl 2 but not I2.
B Cl 2 will oxidise Br – ions but not I– ions.
C F2 is the weakest oxidising agent out of F2, Cl 2, Br2 and I2.
D I– ions are the weakest reducing agent out of F –, Cl –, Br – and I–.
© UCLES 2021 9701/12/O/N/21

7
16 Silver chloride and silver iodide form equilibria when added to water.
AgCl (s) Ag+(aq) + Cl –(aq) Kc = K1
AgI(s) Ag+(aq) + I–(aq) Kc = K2
Each equilibrium position lies well to the left.
Silver iodide will not dissolve in aqueous ammonia. Silver chloride will dissolve in aqueous
ammonia. Another equilibrium is formed.
Ag+(aq) + 2NH3(aq) Ag(NH3)2+(aq) Kc = K3
The position of this equilibrium lies to the right.
What is the order of magnitude for these three equilibrium constants?
smallest largest
A K3 K2 K1
B K3 K1 K2
C K2 K1 K3
D K1 K2 K3
17 X is the ion of a metal which burns with a red flame.
Y is an ion that reacts with concentrated H2SO4 to produce H2S.
What could be the formula of a compound containing X and Y?
A BaBr2 B BaI2 C SrBr2 D SrI2
18 Oxides of nitrogen are present in the environment due to natural and man-made sources.
natural source of nitrogen oxides man-made source of nitrogen oxides
A electrical discharges in the atmosphere internal combustion engines

B electrical discharges in the atmosphere as a by-product of the Haber process
C decomposition of dead plants in rivers internal combustion engines
D decomposition of dead plants in rivers as a by-product of the Haber process

8
19 Magnesium hydroxide dissolves in aqueous ammonium chloride, but not in aqueous sodium
chloride.
Which statement explains this observation?
A The ionic radius of the NH4+ ion is similar to that of Mg2+ but not that of Na+.
B NH4Cl dissociates less fully than NaCl.
C The Na+ and Mg2+ ions have the same number of electrons.
D The NH4+ ion can donate a proton.
20 The formula of hydrocortisone acetate is shown.
hydrocortisone acetate
O CH2OCOCH3
CH3
HO OH
CH3
number of C atoms number of chiral atoms

in one molecule in one molecule
A 22 7
B 22 8
C 23 7
D 23 8
21 Bromomethane, CH3Br, decomposes in the stratosphere forming methyl free radicals and
bromine free radicals.
Which row correctly describes this decomposition?
number of electrons in
type of bond fission
a bromine free radical
A homolytic 35
B heterolytic 35
C homolytic 36
D heterolytic 36
© UCLES 2021 9701/12/O/N/21

9
22 Structural and stereoisomerism should be taken into account when answering this question.
Y is a gaseous hydrocarbon which decolourises aqueous bromine. It contains no rings.
10.0 g of Y occupies a volume of 3.43 dm3 under room conditions.
How many isomeric structures are possible for Y?
A 4 B 5 C 6 D 7
23 Which equation represents a valid propagation step in the chlorination of ethane?
A C2H5Cl + Cl •  C2H4Cl • + HCl
B C2H6 + Cl •  C2H5Cl + H•
C C2H5Cl + H•  C2H5• + HCl
D C2H5• + Cl •  C2H5Cl
24 Butanoic acid can be made from 1-bromopropane in two stages.
stage 1 CH3CH2CH2Br  CH3CH2CH2CN
stage 2 CH3CH2CH2CN  CH3CH2CH2CO2H
Which types of reaction are stage 1 and stage 2?
stage 1 stage 2
A electrophilic addition hydrolysis

B electrophilic addition oxidation
C nucleophilic substitution hydrolysis
D nucleophilic substitution oxidation
25 A halogenoalkane has the molecular formula C5H11Br. The halogenoalkane does not form an
alkene when treated with ethanolic sodium hydroxide.
What could be the halogenoalkane?
A 1-bromo-2-methylbutane
B 2-bromo-2-methylbutane
C 3-bromopentane
D 1-bromo-2,2-dimethylpropane

10
26 Compound P is heated under reflux with an excess of acidified potassium dichromate(VI) to form
compound Q.
Compound Q has a lower boiling point than compound P.
What could be compound P?
A 2-methylbutan-1-ol
C pentan-1-ol
D pentan-2-ol
27 Structural and stereoisomerism should be taken into account when answering this question.
An organic compound, X, is dehydrated by heating with concentrated phosphoric(V) acid.
Only two organic products are formed.
What could be X?
A B C D
OH OH
OH
OH OH
28 Which compound produces a precipitate with 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine reagent and also with
alkaline aqueous iodine?
A butan-2-ol
B butanal
C butanone
D pentan-3-one
© UCLES 2021 9701/12/O/N/21

11
29 Organic compound Z has an alcohol group and a carboxylic acid group.
Compound Z reacts with magnesium carbonate to make a salt with a relative formula mass of
230.3.
Compound Z does not react with acidified potassium manganate(VII).
What could be the identity of compound Z?
A 2-hydroxy-2-methylbutanoic acid
B 2-hydroxy-2-methylpropanoic acid
C 3-hydroxy-2-methylbutanoic acid
D 3-hydroxy-2-methylpropanoic acid
30 The infra-red spectrum of Y is shown.
100
transmittance / %
50
0
4000 3000 2000 1500 1000 500
wavenumber / cm–1
What could Y be?
A CH3CO2C2H5
B CH2(OH)CH=CHCH2OH
C CH3(CH2)2CO2H
D CH2(OH)(CH2)2CHO

12
Section B
be correct.
A B C D
1, 2 and 3 1 and 2 2 and 3 1 only

31 The Boltzmann distribution diagram shows a fixed amount of a gas at two different temperatures,
T1 and T2.
T1
T2 activation
energy
number of
particles with
energy, E
0
0 molecular energy, E
Which statements correctly describe the features of this diagram?
1 Temperature T1 is lower than temperature T2.

2 The shaded area indicates the particles that have sufficient energy to react at T2.
3 The total area under each curve is the same for both temperatures.
© UCLES 2021 9701/12/O/N/21

13
32 Four solutions, each of concentration 0.1 mol dm–3, were tested with a pH meter. The results are
shown.
solution formula of acid or base pH
acid 1 CH3CO2H 4
acid 2 HNO3 1
base 1 CH3NH2 11
base 2 NaOH 14
Which statements explain these results?
1 Acid 2 has a lower pH than acid 1 because it is more soluble.

2 Base 2 has a higher concentration of hydroxide ions in solution than base 1.
3 Acid 1 dissociates less than acid 2.
33 Which reactions are redox reactions?
1 Mg + 2HCl  MgCl 2 + H2
2 2K2CrO4 + 2H+  K2Cr2O7 + 2K+ + H2O
3 CuCO3 + 2HCl  CuCl 2 + H2O + CO2
34 When the liquid N2F4 is heated, it decomposes into a single product, X.
1 N–F bonds are broken during this decomposition.

2 The enthalpy change when N2F4 decomposes into X is approximately +160 kJ mol–1.
3 Molecules of X are non-linear.
35 The following statements compare some properties of the oxides and chlorides of sodium and
silicon.
1 The melting point of SiCl 4 is higher than the melting point of SiO2.
2 SiCl 4 reacts with water, NaCl does not.
3 The melting point of SiCl 4 is lower than the melting point of NaCl.

14
A B C D
1, 2 and 3 1 and 2 2 and 3 1 only

36 Which statements about ammonium chloride are correct?
1 It reacts with hot aqueous sodium hydroxide to produce an alkaline gas.

2 In solution, it reacts with aqueous silver nitrate to produce a white precipitate.
3 When solid, it reacts with concentrated sulfuric acid to produce chlorine.
37 What is the same for a pair of optical isomers?
1 their empirical formula

2 their functional groups
3 their structural formula
38 Which of the molecular formulae represent at least one compound that can undergo addition
polymerisation?
1 C4H8
2 C2H3Cl
3 C3H6O
39 Which of the reactions give products containing a chiral centre?
1 CH2(OH)COCO2H + an excess of HCN

2 CH2(OH)COCO2H + an excess of NaBH4
3 CH2(OH)COCO2H + an excess of LiAl H4
40 Ethyl butanoate is heated with a dilute aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide.
Which substances are products of this reaction?
1 sodium butanoate
2 water
3 sodium ethanoate
© UCLES 2021 9701/12/O/N/21

Chem 2021 Mcqs

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

Chem 2021 Mcqs

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Title

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Chem 2021 Mcqs

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

Cambridge International AS & A Level

You must answer on the multiple choice answer sheet.

You will need: Multiple choice answer sheet

This document has 16 pages. Any blank pages are indicated.

Use of the Data Booklet may be appropriate for some questions.

number of number of number of

A W and Y B W and Z C X and Y D X and Z

3 Substance Q is a hydrocarbon. When 1.00 g of Q is completely burned, 3.22 g of carbon dioxide

What could be the identity of Q?

© UCLES 2021 9701/12/F/M/21

Which value for the Ar of indium is calculated using these data?

6 A solution contains 0.25 g of sulfur dioxide in 1.00 dm3 of water.

A 0.0162 cm3 B 0.105 cm3 C 16.2 cm3 D 105 cm3

7 An experiment was performed to determine the enthalpy of combustion of ethanol.

The data collected are shown.

4.2WYZ 4.2WYX 4.2 XYZ 4.2 X (Y  273)Z

© UCLES 2021 9701/12/F/M/21 [Turn over

8 VO2Cl reacts with NaI under acidic conditions.

2VO2Cl + 2H2SO4 + 2NaI  VOCl 2 + VOSO4 + I2 + Na2SO4 + 2H2O

The oxidation state of Cl is –1 in VO2Cl and in VOCl 2.

Which row about this reaction is correct?

9 In which reaction is water behaving as a Brønsted–Lowry base?

B H2O + H3PO4  H3O+ + H2PO4–

C H2O + CaO  Ca(OH)2

D NH3 + [Cu(H2O)6]2+  NH4+ + [Cu(H2O)5(OH)]+

© UCLES 2021 9701/12/F/M/21

A The curve is unchanged.

A No visible change is observed.

13 Which row is correct?

© UCLES 2021 9701/12/F/M/21 [Turn over

observation when pH of solution obtained when

A a few gas bubbles 8

Which substance could be Z?

reaction conditions colour of silver salt

A cold, dilute alkali white

© UCLES 2021 9701/12/F/M/21

Which statement is correct?

A Hydrogen sulfide is the product of a reduction reaction.

What happens to each compound in the catalytic converter?

A oxidised oxidised reduced oxidised

CH3NH2 + HCl  CH3NH3+Cl –

A sample of methylammonium chloride is heated with aqueous sodium hydroxide.

What are the products?

A ammonia, sodium chloride and water

© UCLES 2021 9701/12/F/M/21 [Turn over

20 The structures of citric acid and isocitric acid are shown.

citric acid isocitric acid

How many chiral centres does each acid possess?

citric acid isocitric acid

21 How many tertiary alcohols have the molecular formula C6H14O?

Which row is correct?

type of reaction mechanism

© UCLES 2021 9701/12/F/M/21

What could be the structure of compound Y?

24 Which compound produces a ketone when refluxed with an acidified solution of

© UCLES 2021 9701/12/F/M/21 [Turn over

25 Dibromopentanes can undergo ‘double elimination’ reactions to produce hydrocarbons.

2NaOH + C5H10Br2  C5H8 + 2NaBr + 2H2O

Which isomer produces only one hydrocarbon product?