SMARTWORLD TUITION

END OF TERM 1 EXAMINATIONS 2024

CHEMISTRY
DURATION: 1 HOUR 15 MINUTES

MARKS: 80

PAPER 4:Short answer and structured questions

INSTRUCTIONS
• Write your name and surname on the cover page.

• Use blue or black pen.

• You may use an HB pencil for any diagrams or graphs.

• Do not use paper clips, glue or correction fluid.

• Answer all questions.

• An electronic calculator may be used.

• A copy of the Periodic Table has been provided on the last page.

• You may lose marks if you do not show your workings or if you do not use the appropriate units.

COMPILED BY: MR. JOSHUA

1. Explain what is meant by the following:

i)Electrolysis:.....................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................

ii) Endothermic
reaction:...........................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................

iii)
Acid...................................................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................................

iv) Rate of
reaction:...........................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................

v) Covalent
bonding:............................................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................................

[TOTAL:5]

2. a) Three common methods of preparing salts are shown below.

method A adding an excess of an insoluble base or carbonate or metal to a dilute acid

and removing excess by filtration.

method B using a burette and indicator.

method C mixing two solutions to obtain the salt by precipitation.

For each of the following salt preparations, choose a method, A, B or C. Name any additional
reagent which is needed and complete the equation.

(a) the soluble salt, nickel chloride, from the insoluble compound nickel carbonate

method ..................................................................................................................................

reagent ..................................................................................................................................
word equation ......................................................................................................................

[3]

(b) the insoluble salt, lead(II) bromide, from aqueous lead(II) nitrate.

method ..................................................................................................................................

reagent ..................................................................................................................................

ionic equation ........ + ........ → PbBr2

[3]

(c) the soluble salt, lithium sulfate, from the soluble base lithium hydroxide

method ..................................................................................................................................

reagent ..................................................................................................................................

equation ................................................................................................................................

[4]

[Total: 10]

3. a)The energy profile diagram of this reaction is shown.

(i) Name the energy change labelled A.

....................................................................................................................................... [1]

(ii) Name the energy change labelled B.

....................................................................................................................................... [1]

(iii) State how the energy profile diagram shows this is an exothermic reaction.

....................................................................................................................................... [1]

b) The equation for the reaction can be represented as shown.

Use the bond energies in the table to calculate the energy change in this reaction.

Use the following steps.

• Calculate the energy needed to break bonds.

energy = .............................. kJ

• Calculate the energy released in making bonds.

energy = .............................. kJ

• Determine the energy change in this reaction.

energy change in this reaction = ................................kJ [3]

[TOTAL:6]

4. a) The equation for the Haber process is shown.

The reaction is reversible. The forward reaction is exothermic.

(i) State what is meant by the symbol ∆H.

....................................................................................................................................... [1]

(ii) ∆H for the forward reaction is –92kJ/mol.

State why this value shows that the forward reaction is exothermic.

....................................................................................................................................... [1]

b) Explain in terms of collision theory why increasing the temperature increases the rate of the
reaction.

.............................................................................................................................................

.............................................................................................................................................

.............................................................................................................................................

.............................................................................................................................................

....................................................................................................................................... [3]

c) Copper(II) oxide is formed when copper(II) nitrate, Cu(NO3)2, is heated.

(i) 0.0200 moles of Cu(NO3)2 is heated.

Calculate the mass of 0.0200 moles of Cu(NO3)2.

mass = .............................. g [2]

(ii) Calculate the total volume of gas, in dm3 at r.t.p., produced when 0.0200 moles of

Cu(NO3)2 is heated.

volume = .............................. dm3 [2]

iii) Powdered aluminium reduces copper(II) oxide.

Write the symbol equation for this reaction.

...........................................................................................................................................[2]

[TOTAL:11]

5. Lithium, sodium and potassium are Group I elements.

(a) Name the type of bonding in these elements.

.......................................................................................................................................... [1]

(b) Sodium reacts with cold water to form hydrogen gas and a solution of a strong alkali.

(i) State the test for hydrogen gas.

• test .......................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................[1]

• positive
result ....................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................[1]

(ii) Suggest the pH of a solution of a strong alkali.

pH = .............................. [1]

(iii) Name a substance which can be used to confirm the pH of a solution of a strong alkali.
......................................................................................................................................... [1]

(iv) Write the symbol equation for the reaction between sodium and cold water.

Include state symbols.

....................................................................................................................................... [3]

(c) Lithium has two naturally occurring types of atoms, 6Li and 7Li.

(i) State the name given to atoms of the same element with different nucleon numbers.

....................................................................................................................................... [1]

(ii) Complete Table 2.1 to show the number of protons, neutrons and electrons in the atom and
ion of lithium shown.

[TOTAL:12]

6. Potassium iodide is an ionic compound.

(a) State two properties of an ionic compound.

1 .............................................................................................................................................

2 .............................................................................................................................................

[2]
(b) Molten potassium iodide is electrolysed using graphite electrodes.

(i) Name the products formed at the positive and negative electrodes.

positive electrode ................................................................................................................

negative electrode ..............................................................................................................

[2]

(ii) State the name of the positive electrode in an electrolysis experiment.

....................................................................................................................................... [1]

(c) Deduce the number of electrons, protons and neutrons in the iodide ion shown.

127
53 I-
number of protons ............................................

number of neutrons ..........................................

number of electrons.......................................... [3]

(d) Aqueous chlorine reacts with aqueous potassium iodide.

(i) Complete the symbol equation for this reaction.

Cl2 + 2KI → ........ + ....KCl [2]

(ii) Choose from the list the name of this type of reaction.

Draw a circle around your chosen answer.

addition combustion displacement neutralisation [1]

(iii) State the colour of chlorine gas at room temperature and pressure.

....................................................................................................................................... [1]

[Total: 12]

7. A student adds excess large pieces of magnesium carbonate, MgCO3, to dilute hydrochloric
acid, HCl, and measures the volume of carbon dioxide gas, CO2, given off.
(a) Add the missing state symbols to the chemical equation for the reaction.

MgCO3 ..... + 2HCl..... → MgCl2(aq) + H2O ..... + CO2 ..... [1]

(b) Complete the dot-and-cross diagram to show the electron arrangement of the ions in

magnesium chloride.

The inner shells have been drawn.

Give the charges on the ions.

(c) Complete the dot-and-cross diagram to show the electron arrangement in a molecule of
carbon dioxide.

Show outer shell electrons only.

(d) The graph shows how the volume of carbon dioxide gas changes with time.

(i) Describe how the graph shows that the rate of this reaction decreases as time increases.

..............................................................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................................................
[1]

(ii) Explain, in terms of particles, why the rate of this reaction decreases as time increases.

.....................................................................................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................................................................... [2]

(iii) The student repeats the experiment using powdered MgCO3 instead of large pieces.

All other conditions stay the same.

 On the grid, draw the line expected when powdered MgCO3 is used instead of large pieces.
[2]

(e) Determine the volume of CO2 gas given off when excess MgCO3 is added to 25.0cm3 of
0.400mol/dm3 HCl at room temperature and pressure.

MgCO3 + 2HCl → MgCl2 + H2O + CO2

Use the following steps.

• Calculate the number of moles of HCl in 25.0cm3 of 0.400mol/dm3 of acid.

.............................. mol

• Determine the number of moles of CO2 gas given off.

.............................. mol

• Calculate the volume of CO2 gas given off in cm3

............................. cm3

[3]

[Total: 14]

8. A student investigates the reaction of iron powder with dilute hydrochloric acid at

20°C. The hydrochloric acid is in excess.

(a) Fig. 8.1 shows the volume of hydrogen gas released as the reaction proceeds.
(i) Deduce the volume of hydrogen gas released after 2 minutes.

volume of hydrogen gas = .............................. cm 3 [1]

(ii) The student repeats the experiment using dilute hydrochloric acid of a higher concentration.

All other conditions stay the same.

Draw a line on the grid in Fig. 8.1 to predict how the volume of hydrogen gas changes

when dilute hydrochloric acid of a higher concentration is used. [2]

(b) (i) The student repeats the experiment with large pieces of iron.

All other conditions stay the same.

Describe how the rate of reaction differs when large pieces of iron are used.

...........................................................................................................................................[1]

(ii) The student repeats the experiment with iron powder at a temperature of 15°C.

All other conditions stay the same.

Describe how the rate of reaction differs when a temperature of 15°C is used.

...........................................................................................................................................[1]

(c) Hydrochloric acid also reacts with aqueous sodium hydroxide.

(i) Complete the word equation for this reaction.

(ii) Write the formula of the ion present in all acids.

....................................................................................................................................... [1]

(iii) Choose from the list a possible pH value of aqueous sodium hydroxide.

Draw a circle around your chosen answer.

pH 2 pH 4 pH 7 pH 13 [1]

(iv) State the colour of methyl orange in aqueous sodium hydroxide.

....................................................................................................................................... [1]

[Total: 10]