AMC 2023 Senior Solutions

by Ty Webb

1. 2023 − 3202 = −1179 . . . B

2. P Q × P T = 10 × P T = 60cm2 ∴ P T = 6cm . . . D

3. 57 × 953 = 54321 . . . C

4. 25 − 52 = 7 . . . E

5. θ = 180◦ − 110◦ + 180◦ − 150◦ = 100◦ . . . A

6. 52 : 2 × 3 × 4 :: 25 : 24 . . . B
Q18
7. 4 × 5 × 10 × 15 = 3000 ∴ i=1 i = . . . 000 . . . A

8. 0.6x − 40 = 0.4x ∴ 0.2x = 40 ∴ x = 200L . . . D

9. 34 πr3 = 100cm3 ∴ r3 = 300

4π
≈ 300
4
× 7
22
= 2100
88
= 23 19
22
< 27 ∴ r < 3 . . . A

10. x + x + 2 + x + 4 = 3x + 6 = 9m + 3 ∴ x + 2 = 3m + 1 ∴ x + 4 = 3m + 3 . . . E
√ √ √ √ √
11. ( 24 + 54)2 = (2 6 + 3 6)2 = (5 6)2 = 25 × 6 = 150 . . . B

12. 23 = 8 . . . B

a−1 −b−1 a2 b2 ab(b−a) ab

13. a−2 −b−2
× a2 b2
= b2 −a2
= b+a
...C

14. If total= x then after balls are removed,

5x 5
red balls = 12
− 10
= 13 (x − 20)
5x−1205x−100
12
= 13
65 − 1560 = 60x − 1200
5x = 360
x = 72 . . . C
15. d d = a − x and e = c − x

∴b=a−x+c−x
a b
2x = a + c − b
a+c−b
x= ...D
x c e 2

16. f (g(x)) − g(f (x)) = 5 + 7 − x − (7 − (5 + x)) = 10 . . . D

17. If the other sides are a, b then a + b = 14 − 6 = 8 and a2 + b2 = 62 so

2 2
ab = (a+b)2 −6 = 8 −6
2 2
2
= 14 and so the area is ab
2
= 14
2
= 7cm2 . . . A
 18. Just put a ✓ for rational results in the table
√ 1 1 √3
× 1 12 3 √3 √2 2
1 ✓ ✓
1
2
✓ ✓
√
3 ✓ ✓ ✓
√1 ✓ ✓ ✓
3
√1 ✓
2
√
3
2
✓ ✓ ✓

14 7
Probability = 36
= 18
...E

19. x ∈ {2, 3, 4, 5, 6} and y ∈ {1, 2, 3, 4, 5} and most pairs (x, y) with x > y satisfy the
condition x2 + y 2 < 50 but (6, 4) and (6, 5) do not satisfy the condition since
62 + 42 = 52 > 50 and 62 + 52 = 61 > 50 so number of pairs is
(1 + 2 + 3 + 4 + 5) − 2 = 13 . . . B

20. 20cm √
152 + 202 = 25
15cm
x y
x2 + y 2 = 152 = 225
15cm
25 − y
20cm y 2 + (25 − x)2 = x2 + y 2 − 50x + 625 = 202
25 − x
225 − 50x + 625 = 400
√
∴ x = 9cm and y = 225 − 92 = 12cm

Now we have perimeter = 15 + 20 + 20 + 25 − x + 25 − y = 105 − (x + y)

∴ perimeter = 105 − (9 + 12) = 105 − 21 = 84cm . . . B

d
21. a + 3 = b − 3 = 3c = 3
and so 3a + 9 = d and also a + b + c + d = 32 hence
        −1    
1 −1 0 0 a −6 a 1 −1 0 0 −6 3
1 0 −3 0   b  −3  b  1 0 −3 0  −3  9 
   =   ∴   =    = 
1 1 1 1   c   32   c  1 1 1 1   32   2 
3 0 0 −1 d −9 d 3 0 0 −1 −9 18
and 9 + 18 = 27 . . . D

22. a + b + c = 11.5, 60( a3 + 4b + 5c ) = 174 and 60( 3c + 4b + a5 ) = 186 whereupon

        −1    
1 1 1 a 11.5 a 1 1 1 11.5 3
20 15 12  b  =  174  ∴  b  = 20 15 12  174  =  4 
12 15 20 c 186 c 12 15 20 186 4.5
so b = 4 . . . A

23. S + P + 1 = x + y + xy + 1 = (x + 1)(y + 1) is a composite number but 88 + 1 = 89

is prime. . . C
24. √
Total surface area = 4× 12 x2 sin 60◦ = 3x2

Closer to V is above red lines and a = b+c

a
c= x
2
cot 60◦ = x
√
2 3

x and a + b + c = x csc 60◦ = 2x

√
3
b
a+b+c √x
a= =
c 2 3

and b = a − c = √x − x
√ = x
√
3 2 3 2 3

√ √ √
3x2
Surface area above red lines = 3 × 12 × 2a cot 60◦ × a = 3a2 = 3 × ( √x3 )2 = 3
√
3x2
√
Ratio of area above red lines to total = 3
: 3x2 = 1 : 3 . . . B

25. By the Soddy-Gosset Theorem, for curvatures k1 , . . . , kn+2 of n + 2 touching

Pn+2
2
= n n+2 2
P
n-dimensional hyperspheres, i=1 ki i=1 ki and so with n = 3 and
k1 = r , k2 = k3 = k4 = 2 and k5 = 0 we have that ( r + 3 × 21 )2 = 3( r12 + 3( 21 )2 )
1 1 1

∴ r12 + 3r + 94 = r32 + 94 ∴ 1 + 3r = 3 ∴ r = 32 . . . E
P13 13
26. i=1 (3k − 2) = 2
(1 + 37) = 247
105 a+104 b+103 c+102 a+10b+c 1001(100a+10b+c)
27. 105 a+104 b+103 a+102 b+10a+b
= 10101(10a+b)
11(100a+10b+c)
= 111(10a+b)
11 c
= 111
(10 + 10a+b )
55
= 54
c 55 111 5
∴ 10a+b
= 54
× 11
− 10 = 18
∴ a = 1, b = 8, c = 5 and so

100a + 10b + c = 100 + 80 + 5 = 185

y
28.

x+y y 105 3 y 1
x
=1+ x
= 70
= 2
and so x
= 2
so x = 2y and x + y = 2y + y = 3y.
√
Also, y = 352 + 1202 = 125 and so x + y = 3y = 375

29. Where F1 = 2 and F2 = 3 and Fn = Fn−1 +Fn−2 for n > 2 it is 3!×F8 = 6×55 = 330
P4 11 9−i


30. i=0 i+1 i
= 198