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mac network commands cheat sheet
18 July 2015
ipconfig
1. get ip address
$ ipconfig getifaddr en0
$ ip=`ipconfig getifaddr en0`; echo $ip
192.168.1.154
2. get subnet mask
$ ipconfig getoption en0 subnet_mask
255.255.255.0
3. get dns server
$ ipconfig getoption en0 domain_name_server
192.168.1.253
4. get info about how en0 got its dhcp on
$ ipconfig getpacket en0
op = BOOTREPLY
htype = 1
flags = 0
hlen = 6
hops = 0
xid = 765413854
secs = 0
ciaddr = 192.168.1.154
yiaddr = 192.168.1.154
siaddr = 0.0.0.0
giaddr = 0.0.0.0
chaddr = 34:36:3b:cd:fd:ae
sname =
file =
options:
Options count is 7
dhcp_message_type (uint8): ACK 0x5
server_identifier (ip): 192.168.1.253
lease_time (uint32): 0x1c20
subnet_mask (ip): 255.255.255.0
router (ip_mult): {192.168.1.253}
domain_name_server (ip_mult): {192.168.1.253}
end (none):
5. renew dhcp lease
$ ipconfig set en0 DHCP
6. set a specific ip address
$ ipconfig set en0 INFORM 192.168.1.160
ifconfig
1. get network info
$ ifconfig en0
en0: flags=8863<UP,BROADCAST,SMART,RUNNING,SIMPLEX,MULTICAST> mtu 1500
ether 34:36:3b:cd:fd:ae
inet6 fe80::3636:3bff:fecd:fdae%en0 prefixlen 64 scopeid 0x4
inet 192.168.1.154 netmask 0xffffff00 broadcast 192.168.1.255
nd6 options=1<PERFORMNUD>
media: autoselect
status: active
2. set ip address and netmask
$ ifconfig en0 inet 192.168.1.154 netmask 255.255.255.0
3. renew dhcp leases
$ ipconfig set en0 BOOTP && ipconfig set en0 DHCP
$ ifconfig en0 down && ifconfig en0 up
networksetup
1. get a list of location on the computer
$ networksetup -listlocations
Automatic
2. get active location
$ networksetup -getcurrentlocation
Automatic
3. config manual static ip address
$ networksetup -setmanual Wi-Fi 192.168.1.154 255.255.255.0 192.168.1.253
4. config dns server
$ networksetup -setdnsservers Wi-Fi 192.168.1.154 192.168.1.253
5. get dns server
$ networksetup -getdnsservers Wi-Fi
firewall
1. stop the application layer firewall
$ launchctl unload /System/Library/LaunchAgents/com.apple.alf.useragent.plistlaunchctl unload /System/Library/LaunchAgents/com.appl
e.alf.agent.plist
2. start the application layer firewall
$ launchctl load /System/Library/LaunchAgents/com.apple.alf.agent.plistlaunchctl load /System/Library/LaunchAgents/com.apple.alf.use
ragent.plist
3. allow an app to communicate outside through the application layer firewall
$ socketfilterfw -t "/Applications/..."
route
1. routing table
$ netstat -nr
2. add a route
# so that traffice for 192.168.1.0/24
# communicates over the 192.168.1.253
$ sudo route -n add 192.168.1.0/24 192.168.1.253
3. delete a route
$ sudo route -n delete 192.168.1.0/24 192.168.1.253
netstat
1. view info on all sockets
$ netstat -at
2. network info for ipv6
$ netstat -lt
3. per protocol network statistics
$ netstat -s
4. statistics for a specific network protocol
$ netstat -p igmp
5. statistics for network interfaces
$ netstat -i
6. view network info as it happens
$ ntop
ping
1. put a delay in pings
$ ping -i 5 192.168.1.253
2. ping hostname 5 times and then stop
$ ping -c 5 192.168.1.253
3. flood ping the host
$ ping -f location
4. set packet size during ping
$ ping -s 100 192.168.1.253
5. customize source ip during ping
$ ping -S 192.168.1.160 192.168.1.253
trace
1. trace the path packets go through
$ traceroute baidu.com
2. without looking up names
$ traceroute -n baidu.com
3. in debug mode
$ traceroute -d baidu.com
nc
1. establish a network connection
$ nc -v baidu.com 80
2. establish a network connection over port 2195
$ nc -v -w 15 baidu.com 2196
3. establish a network connection only allowing ipv4
$ nc -v -4 baidu.com 2196
4. setup a network listener on port 2196 for testing
$ nc -l 2196
tcpdump
1. capture some packets
$ tcpdump -nS
2. capture all packets
$ tcpdump-nnvvXS
3. capture packets for port
$ tcpdump -nnvvXs 548
4. capture all packets for a given port going to destination 192.168.1.160
$ tcpdump -nnvvXs 548 dst 192.168.1.160
5. capture packets as above but dump to a pcap file
$ tcpdump -nnvvXs 548 dst 192.168.1.160 -w /tmp/demo.pcap
6. read tcpdump (cap) files and make them human readable
$ tcpdump -qns 0 -A -r /tmp/demo.pcap
other
1. flush the dns cache
$ dscacheutil -flushcache
2. clear arp cache
$ arp -ad
3. what binaries have what ports and in what states are those ports
$ lsof -n -i4TCP
4. make an alias for looking at what has a listener open, called ports
$ alias ports='lsof -n -i4TCP | grep LISTEN'
5. edit hosts file
$ sudo pico /private/etc/hosts
references
1. mac network commands cheat sheet
mac 5
network 5
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