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Exception Handling Python

The document discusses exception handling in Python, covering types of errors like syntax errors and exceptions, common built-in exceptions, how to handle exceptions using try/except blocks, creating custom exceptions, and best practices for exception handling to ensure reliable Python code.

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8 views

Exception Handling Python

The document discusses exception handling in Python, covering types of errors like syntax errors and exceptions, common built-in exceptions, how to handle exceptions using try/except blocks, creating custom exceptions, and best practices for exception handling to ensure reliable Python code.

Uploaded by

lekhyareddy29
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Exception handling in Python is a crucial aspect of writing robust and


reliable code. It allows you to gracefully handle errors and unexpected
situations that may occur during program execution. Let's dive into the details:

1. Types of Errors:

○ In Python, there are two main types of errors:

■ Syntax Errors: These occur when the interpreter


encounters incorrect syntax in your code. For example, a
misspelled keyword, a missing colon, or an unbalanced
parenthesis.

■ Exceptions: Exceptions are raised when the program is


syntactically correct, but an error occurs during execution.
Exceptions change the normal flow of the program.

2. Common Types of Exceptions:

○ Python provides several built-in exceptions that can be raised


during program execution. Here are some common ones:

■ SyntaxError: Raised for syntax-related issues.

■ TypeError: Raised when an operation or function is applied


to an object of the wrong type.

■ NameError: Raised when a variable or function name is not


found in the current scope.

■ IndexError: Raised when an index is out of range for a list,


tuple, or other sequence types.

■ KeyError: Raised when a key is not found in a dictionary.

■ ValueError: Raised when a function or method is called


with an invalid argument or input.

■ AttributeError: Raised when an attribute or method is not


found on an object.

■ IOError: Raised when an I/O operation (e.g., reading or


writing a file) fails due to an input/output error.
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■ ZeroDivisionError: Raised when an attempt is made to
divide a number by zero.

■ ImportError: Raised when an import statement fails to find


or load a module.

3. Handling Exceptions:

○ To handle exceptions, use the try, except, and optionally finally


blocks:

4. Custom Exception Handling:

○ You can also create custom exceptions by defining your own


exception classes.

○ Example:

5. Best Practices:

○ Be specific in catching exceptions (use specific exception types).

○ Avoid catching generic exceptions like Exception unless necessary.

○ Use else block after try to execute code when no exceptions


occur.

○ Handle exceptions at the appropriate level (don't catch too


broadly).

In summary, proper exception handling ensures that your program doesn't


crash unexpectedly and provides meaningful feedback to users or developers.
It's an essential skill for writing reliable and maintainable Python code!

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