ENT503

Additional Vocabulary List

Unit 1
1. centered (adj.) - self-confident, stable, and well-balanced.
2. by and large (idiom) - when everything about a situation is considered together.

→ I dreamed about publishing books and travelling the world and having an exciting
life. Now that I've achieved all of that, though, I think I'm a more calm and centred
person, by and large.

3. to fulfil (verb) - to do something as promised or intended, or to satisfy your hopes or

expectations
4. ambition (noun) - a goal or a strong desire to do or to achieve something requiring
determination and hard work.

→ Having fulfilled my childhood ambition was a great feeling.

5. to shelve (verb) - to not take action on something until a later time.

→ We will have to shelve our idea of a summer trip.

6. in the long/medium/short term - for a long, medium, or short period of time in the future.
7. the immediate future (phrase) - the period of time that is coming next.

→ In the short-term or immediate future, my plan is to pass my delta course, delta two
is like an advanced course for language teachers. And in the long term, it's to own my
own home.

8. to accomplish (verb) - to finish something successfully or to achieve something.

9. goal (noun) - an aim or purpose.
10. ongoing (adj.) - continuing to exist or develop, or happening at the present moment.

→ I’m proud to say that I have accomplished my life goal of being a teacher. I always
wanted to be one. Now my career goal is to be a good teacher. That is sort of an
ongoing process.

11. scenic route (noun) - a way that is not the fastest way but that has beautiful scenery.
12. to work up (phrasal verb) - to develop an emotional or physical state that you feel strongly,
after a period of effort or time.
13. courage (noun) - the ability to control your fear in a dangerous or difficult situation.

→ I’m a person who likes to take scenic routes in the course of achieving them. For
instance, it took me 20 years to publish my first book. And it took me a little bit
longer to become a teacher, although that was more about working up the courage to
actually do it. Though I didn't give up, I did take a little bit of time to achieve them.

14. demonstrate (verb) - show

15. discipline (noun) - self-control
 → The student demonstrated a high level of discipline in the class.

16. appropriate (adj) - suitable

17. applicant (noun) - person who applies for a job or program
18. enthusiastic (adj) - energetic

→ The applicant impressed the employer with her technical knowledge, appropriate
language during the interview, and enthusiastic attitude.

19. breadwinner (noun) - main provider for the family’s needs

→ Traditionally, men are the breadwinner of their families.

20. caregiver (noun) - person who looks after the house and the members of the family

→ In conservative societies, women are expected to be the primary caregiver at home.

Unit 2

***Positive adjectives to describe a person***

While some of these adjectives are listed as positive, some people may consider them negative.

How would you describe yourself in three words?

1. adaptable: able to change in order to deal successfully with new situations.

Adaptable people are resourceful and often have a contingency plan in place for
when Plan A doesn’t work.

2. adventurous: willing to take risks or to try out new ideas or experiences.

He is very adventurous and loves going to exotic places where he doesn’t speak the
language.

3. affectionate: readily showing caring feelings or tenderness for someone

My kids are very affectionate. They are always giving me hugs.

4. approachable: friendly and easy to talk to

Despite being a famous actor, he was very approachable.

5. artistic: having natural creative skill, especially being able to paint or draw well.

She comes from an artistic family.

6. attentive: helpful; making sure that people have what they need.
 The hotel staff were attentive.

7. bold: fearless before danger; brave and confident; not afraid to say what you feel.

The young man is already considered a bold warrior.

8. calm: not excited or nervous; not showing agitation or excitement

He is always calm under pressure.

9. careful: always thinking about what you are doing so that you avoid getting hurt, avoid
damaging something or doing something wrong.

They have been careful not to waste any money while saving for a house.

10. cautious: careful to avoid potential problems or dangers.

She is a very cautious driver.

11. charismatic: having a compelling charm which attracts or impresses other people.

He is a charismatic leader.

12. charming: very polite, friendly and likeable; very pleasant

Everyone likes him because he is so charming.

13. cheerful: noticeably happy and showing it by the way you behave

It was nice talking to that cheerful shop assistant at the local store.

14. clever: intelligent; quick to understand things or learn something.

She is very clever and has no problem getting good grades.

15. compassionate: feeling or showing sympathy or concern for other people or animals who are
suffering or having a difficult time.

During difficult times, compassionate people reach out to help those in need.

16. conscientious: taking care to do things carefully and correctly.

He is a conscientious worker who likes to get things done right the first time.

17. considerate: always thinking of the feelings and rights of other people; being careful not to
hurt or upset other people; careful not to inconvenience or harm others.

Angelica is a considerate young woman who always thinks of others.

18. cooperative: to have a willingness and ability to work with others.

You can always ask Jim to help you; he is very cooperative.

19. courageous: brave; not deterred by danger or pain; showing courage.

 It was courageous of you to stand up to those bullies.

20. courteous: polite, especially in a way that shows respect; considerate in manner

She was so courteous when we went to her office.

21. creative: having the skill and ability to create something new, especially art; can easily use the
imagination for original ideas or to create something.

My son is very creative. He is always telling us fantastic stories that he has made up.

22. curious: have a strong desire to investigate and learn about (new) things.

I was very curious when I was a child and always asked difficult questions to adults.

23. decisive: to have the ability to decide something quickly and with confidence.

I am glad she is so decisive because it saves us time.

24. dedicated: devoted to a task or purpose; working hard at something because it is important to
you.

She is a dedicated teacher who works many extra hours to help her students.

25. delightful: very pleasant; highly pleasing

Your children are delightful. They can come and stay with us whenever they want.

26. dependable: trustworthy and reliable; can be relied on to do what you want or need

It is great having a dependable person who can help me manage the store.

27. determined: having the ability to make a firm decision and being resolved not to change it.

The opposition against his project made him even more determined to complete it.

28. diligent: having or showing care and effort in your work or studies

You are such a diligent student that I’m sure you will easily get into the university of
your choice.

29. diplomatic: having the skill to deal with people (using tact and conciliation) in difficult
situations , especially in order to keep the peace.

She is very diplomatic and is careful not to offend anyone.

30. disciplined: to show a controlled form of behavior or way of working

He is very disciplined and trains every single day to try and get to the Olympic
Games.

31. discreet: careful in what you say or do in order to keep something confidential (or secret) or to
avoid making someone feel embarrassed; tactful.
 The doctor is very discreet and won’t let anyone else know about your health issue.

32. dynamic: having a lot of energy and a strong personality.

He is a dynamic person and a great addition to our sales team.

33. easygoing (US) / easy-going (UK): relaxed and casual in style or manner.

I’m glad our boss is so easy-going.

34. efficient: working in a good, well-organized and competent way with no waste of time or
money.

She has always been an efficient worker.

35. energetic: having a lot of energy (and enthusiasm)

The child is young and energetic.

36. enthusiastic: having a lot of excitement and interest about things.

He is always so enthusiastic about everything he does.

37. faithful: loyal; always staying with or supporting a person or organization.

He is a faithful husband.

38. fearless: not afraid, in a way that people can admire; brave

A firefighter has to be fearless when putting out a fire.

39. flexible: able to change and adapt to new or different situations.

I’m flexible; I can do any odd jobs that suddenly come up.

40. focused: directs a lot of attention or activity towards a certain goal without distraction.

He is always very focused when he is doing his job.

41. forgiving: ready and willing to forgive

Don’t worry about what you did to him. He is very forgiving.

42. generous: gives freely to other people, often giving more than necessary or more than what
was asked for.

She is so generous because she always donates a part of her salary to charity every
month.

43. gentle: calm and kind; doing things in a careful way to avoid harming someone.

Yes, the giant looks big and scary but he is really gentle.

44. genuine: sincere and honest; a person that can be trusted; real
 He came across as a very genuine person.

45. humble: to be modest and not proud or arrogant; to have or show a low estimate of one’s
importance.

Despite having an important position in the company, he is very humble.

46. imaginative: constantly having new and exciting ideas; having a good imagination or showing
creativity.

You must be very imaginative if you can come up with a story like that!

47. intuitive: being instinctive which is based on what you feel to be true even without conscious
facts or reasoning.

She is very intuitive; she seems to know what is going to happen before it does.

48. lively: full of life and energy; enthusiastic and outgoing

Our lively fitness instructor asked if we wanted to have another class.

He’s very lively and always has time to try new things and make new friends.

49. loyal: faithful; remaining constant in your support of someone

Thank you for being such a loyal friend.

50. mature: behaving in a sensible way with the mental and emotional development characteristic
of an adult.

Jessica is very mature for her age.

51. modest: not talking much about your own abilities or achievements; humble

She has always been very modest about her success.

52. observant: good at noticing or paying attention to things that are around you.

The reason he is knows what to do at exactly the right time is because he is so

observant.

53. open-minded: willing to listen to and consider different viewpoints or ideas; unprejudiced.

She is very open-minded and loves trying different things from other cultures.

54. optimistic: hopeful and confident about the future; expecting good things to happen or that
something will be successful.

George is optimistic and always sees the best in every situation.

55. patient: able to tolerate delays or difficulties without becoming annoyed or anxious.

You just have to be patient and wait until I've finished.

56. perceptive: having sensitive insight; good at seeing or understanding things quickly,
especially things that are not obvious.

It was very perceptive of you to notice that I was having difficulty.

57. persistent: determined to continue doing something despite difficulties or being in an

undesirable situation.

He phoned again asking for an interview. He's very persistent.

58. practical: makes sensible decisions and is realistic; skilled at manual tasks.

Frank will fix it - he's quite practical.

59. proactive: creates or controls a situation instead of just responding to it after it has happened.

It is great having such a proactive person on our team.

60. prudent: acting with or showing care and thought for the future.

It would be prudent not to spend all of your savings at once.

61. rational: having thoughts or making decisions based on reason rather than on emotion.

He is very rational and never lets his emotions get the better of him.

62. resilient: able to quickly recover from unpleasant or damaging events

She must be resilient if she can handle all of those setbacks.

63. resourceful: good at finding clever ways of doing things, solving problems or overcoming
problems.

He has a reputation for being a resourceful problem-solver.

64. sensible: to be practical and reasonable; having or using good sense or sound judgment.

It seems sensible to have a routine checkup by a doctor before going overseas.

65. sincere: genuine; not pretended; saying what you really think or feel.

I think his offer to help me move house was sincere.

66. straightforward: uncomplicated and easy to be understood.

He love dealing with him because he is so straightforward.

67. thoughtful: think about and care for other people; you remember what other people need or
want.

Thank you for helping me. That was very thoughtful of you.

68. tolerant: able to accept what other people say or do even if you don't agree with it or like it.
 We must be tolerant of others and not try and convince them of our own way of
thinking.

69. unassuming: modest; not pretentious or arrogant; not wanting to draw attention to yourself or
to what your abilities.

His unassuming manner gave no hint of his vast knowledge of other languages.

70. versatile: able to do many different things

He is a versatile actor who can play a variety of roles.

71. witty: quickly clever and humorous; characterized by a quick and inventive verbal humor.

She is so witty. She can think of a funny remark about anything I say.

***Verbs Related to Lying***

1. trick - something you do to deceive someone, or to make someone look stupid.
He doesn’t really have telepathic powers. He just tricks people.

2. deceive - to make someone believe something that isn’t true.

The company deceived customers by selling old computers as new.

3. mislead - cause (someone) to have the wrong idea or impression.

This report only scratches the surface of the various ways schools use statistics to
mislead parents and the public.

4. betray - to behave in a dishonest way with someone who trusts you.

He betrayed his best friend of 20 years, by having an affair with his wife.

5. cheat - to do something that isn't honest, in order to get something.

He cheats at card games, so he can win a lot of money.

6. con - to make someone believe something false, usually so that that person will give you their
money or possessions.
She felt she had been conned into buying the car.

7. dupe - to deceive someone, usually by making them do something that they didn't intend to
do.
The girls were duped by drug smugglers into carrying heroin for them over the border.

8. misinform - Give (someone) false or inaccurate information. This could be by accident or on

purpose.
Politicians often misinform the general public.

9. pretend - to behave as if something is true when it isn’t.

John pretended he was reading in class, but he was looking at his phone really.
 10. swindle - to get money dishonestly from someone by deceiving or cheating them.
a. They swindled local businesses out of thousands of dollars.

Unit 3
***Words related to Fear
1. fear
an emotion in anticipation of some specific pain or danger
2. dread
fearful expectation or anticipation
3. apprehension
fearful expectation or anticipation
4. apprehensiveness
fearful expectation or anticipation
5. dreaded
causing fear or dread or terror
6. frightening
causing fear or dread or terror
7. horrific
grossly offensive to decency or morality; causing horror
8. horrendous
causing fear or dread or terror
9. horrendous
causing fear or dread or terror
10. terrible
exceptionally bad or displeasing
11. desperate
a person who is frightened and in need of help
12. petrified
to be in a state of shock

***Words related to heroism

13. altruistic
showing unselfish concern for the welfare of others
14. caring
feeling and exhibiting concern and empathy for others
15. considerate
showing concern for the rights and feelings of others
16. courageous
able to face and deal with danger or fear without flinching
 17. daring
a challenge to do something dangerous or foolhardy
18. decisive
characterized by resoluteness and firmness
19. determination
the act of finding out the properties of something
20. gallant
having or displaying great dignity or nobility
21. humanitarian
marked by devotion to popular welfare
22. persistent
stubbornly unyielding
23. resilient
recovering readily from adversity, depression, or the like
24. risk
a source of danger
25. role model
someone worthy of imitation
26. self-sacrificing
willing to deprive yourself
27. selfless
showing concern for the welfare of others
28. empathetic
showing ready comprehension of others' states

***Physical Signs of Fear

1. an accelerated breathing rate
2. an accelerated heart rate
3. goosebumps
4. sweating
5. butterflies in the stomach
6. difficulty concentrating
7. difficulty swallowing
8. dizziness and nausea
9. jitters
10. trembling/shaking
11. petrified
12. faint / pass out
13. pounding chest / rapid heartbeat
14. mental block
15. look pale
16. feeling cold
17. sleep disturbance / sleeping difficulty
 18. dry throat
19. terrible palpitations

Unit 4
1. shortcoming - a failing or deficiency
2. deficiency /dɪˈfɪʃənsi/- lack of an adequate quantity or number
3. failing - failure to reach a minimum required performance
4. defect - a failing or deficiency
5. imperfection - the state or an instance of being flawed
6. blemish - a mark or flaw that spoils the appearance of something
7. insufficiency /ɪnsəˈfɪʃənsi/- not enough; a lack of competence
8. inadequacy /ɪˈnædɪkwəsi/ - not enough; a lack of competence
9. complication - something that makes a situation or process hard to understand or deal with/
complicated
10. crisis /ˈkraɪsəs/ - n. a period of serious difficulty or danger that demands immediate action
11. Predicament /prɪˈdɪkəmənt/ - n. a difficult or unpleasant situation that is hard to deal with
12. to damage - v. to physically harm someone or something
13. to deteriorate /dɪˈtɪriəˌreɪt/ - v. to decline in quality, condition, or overall state
14. to address - v. to think about a problem or an issue and start to deal with it
15. to alleviate /əˈliviˌeɪt/ - v. to reduce from the difficulty or intensity of a problem, issue, etc.
16. to eradicate /ɪˈrædəˌkeɪt/ - v. to completely destroy something, particularly a problem or
threat
17. Annihilate -
18. to intervene /ˌɪntərˈvin/ - v. to intentionally become involved in a difficult situation in order
to improve it or prevent it from getting worse
19. compromise /ˈkɑmprəˌmaɪz/ - n. a middle state between two opposing situations that is
reached by slightly changing both of them, so that they can coexist
20. resolution- n. the act of resolving a problem or disagreement
21. panacea /ˌpænəˈsiə/- n. a comprehensive solution that is believed to tackle every issue

Unit 5

Unit 6
Unit 7

Unit 8

Unit 9

Unit 10