Perceptions and Experiences of Students in Esperanza National High

School Regarding School Policy Rules

DANIEL ERICKSON TABAR

RICHARD J. CASTILLO
SEAN LLOYD ASONG
GLENN ANTHONY A. PANALIGAN
MARK AUSTINE V. ORTIZ
Researchers

A SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL RESEARCH SUBMITTED TO THE FACULTY OF

ESPERANZA NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL, POBLACION, ESPERANZA,
SULTAN KUDARAT IN FULFILMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS IN
PRACTICAL RESEARCH 1

Grade 11- Pre-Baccalaureate Maritime

May 2024
 CHAPTER I

INTRODUCTION

Background of the study

School policy refers to a set of rules, regulations, and guidelines that are

established by educational institutions to govern the behavior and conduct of

students, teachers, and staff members. A school's policy is a set of rules that

specify acceptable conduct and standards for students. The operating guidelines

for your school system and its buildings are found in the policies and procedures

of the schools. They give direction, establish boundaries, and set priorities for the

institution. They ought to be in line with the policies and principles of the

institution. Every student's safety and welfare are the reasons behind the

enforcement of school legislation. However, parents of pupils are also a part of

the issue. Many pupils are likewise doomed because they lack the basic

knowledge necessary to abide by the norms of the institution.

In the Philippines, hard effort and education are highly valued. Therefore,

it is not surprising that disciplinary measures have been put in place in numerous

schools around the nation to make certain that learning standards are

maintained. These guidelines assist the school in upholding providing a secure

and supportive learning environment and making sure that pupils follow the

regulations as well as the institution's rules. Notwithstanding these initiatives,

more investigation and assessment of the efficacy of school disciplinary

procedures. Numerous investigations have revealed that Discipline regulations in

the Philippines are not working as well as they need to. As an example,

According to research done by the Philippine Institute for Development Studies

(PIDS), Compared to students in other countries, Filipino kids are less likely to

adhere to school rules in other nations. Additionally, pupils have a higher

likelihood of violating the standards of discipline if they believe that their peers

are not abiding by them.

The student is free to choose whether or not to abide by the rules of the

institution. Parents typically blame teachers for their children's misconduct and

paint teachers as flawed, which explains why their children break the rules.

School policy rules can have a significant influence on students' behavior. It is

important to assess whether the established rules and regulations effectively

positively shape students' behavior. However, adverse implementation of rules

can aggravate behavior instead of curbing it (Rigby, 2000). Some students may

encounter difficulties in following the school rules and regulations. Also, not only

can school rules and regulations have an impact on the school, but most

importantly, on the students’ attitude as it aims to control children’s actions and

behavior. Strict disciplinary measures are used by school authorities to control

the students and make them adhere to the various rules and regulations of the

school (Urieh, 2008).

 In some schools where a child’s character is a serious problem, for

example, where bullying is often seen, it can be concluded that rules and

regulations are not being implemented strictly. On the other hand, well-disciplined

students have an overall formidable impact on the school. Students are molded

to be better individuals who will soon inherit today’s society. It is a requisite to

direct students to exhibit acceptable attitudes and behavior within and outside the

school (Ndeto, 2015). To acquire an aspiring nonaggressive and organized

school environment, rules and regulations are indispensable to guide each

member, as well as the teachers and staff, of the educational institution. In

summary, studying the perceptions and experiences of students regarding school

policies provides valuable insights for improving policies and creating a more

inclusive and student-centered educational environment. This research helps

policymakers and educators make informed decisions that prioritize the needs

and well-being of students.

Statement of the Problem

School policy rules are integral to maintaining order and fostering a

conductive learning environment. However, there is a gap in understanding how

students perceive and experience these policies within the school context. In this

study, the researcher will investigate the experiences of students in relation to the

Implementation and enforcement of school policy rules. Specifically, this study

aims to answer the following questions:

a. Are the policies and procedures of the school required for an improved

educational experience?

b. as a student, what makes the school policies significant?

c. What effect do rules and regulations in the classroom have on students'

learning?

d. What do you believe to be the issue behind the majority of kids disobeying the

rules and regulations at school?

Significance of the study

This study will give knowledge about the perception and experience of

the students regarding school policy rules. The results of the study will give great

benefit to the following:

Students. This study will empower students by giving them a platform to express

their opinions, concerns, and suggestions regarding school policy rules.

Teacher. The given data would guide the teachers to be able to comprehend

students' opinions, worries, and experiences with these restrictions more fully

thanks to the study's findings.

Parents. When parents are knowledgeable about school policies and understand

how students perceive them, they can engage in more meaningful conversations

with teachers.
Scope and Limitation of the Study

In general, this study only focused on the students at Esperanza National

High School (ENHS) on how they perceive and their experience regarding school

policy rules. It included information regarding only what was already mentioned.

Also, it was limited only to the students of Esperanza National High School

(ENHS).

Definition of Terms

Policy- A definite course or method of action selected from among alternatives

and in light of given conditions to guide and determine present and future

decisions.

Rules- a usually written order or direction made by a court regulating court

practice or the action of parties.

School- an organization that provides instruction such as

an institution for the teaching of children.

Students- especially one who attends a school.

Perception- awareness of the elements of the environment through physical.

Experiences- the fact or state of having been affected by or gained knowledge

through direct observation or participation.

 Chapter II
REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

This chapter presents a review of related literature and studies which have

some meanings in the present study.

School rules and regulations play a vital role in maintaining and improving

discipline among the students including their academic track thus preparing them

for what is ahead in the future. Effective discipline affects not only the students

but also the teachers and the parents in developing the characters of each

individual that will soon help in the progress of their mental and psychological

health.

Sonn (2009) added that a school without an effective discipline is

unmanageable and often results in unmotivated and demoralized educators

which in return lead to the students’ poor academic performance and attitude. In

return, when there is an effective discipline in a school, effective teaching and

learning will take place thus leading to a more appealing environment that will

help towards a more positive academic achievement and a better attitude among

the students.

Rules are defined as a set of explicit or understood regulations or

principles governing conduct within a particular activity or sphere. These include

what the group regards as a socially acceptable pattern of behavior expected in

every individual of the group (Harris, 2005). Regulations, on the other hand, are

orders made by the authorities with a course of law intended to promote order

and efficiency in an organization (Ndeto, 2011).

After interviewing the students about what think of the strict

implementation of school rules and regulations, Mafabi (2008) revealed that most

of the students that were part of his study understand that punishments, school

rules, and regulations are effective in remediating one’s misbehavior and

therefore improving the school’s order. He also added that the following serve as

motivators to improve students’ sense of responsibility and intellectual ability. In

another study conducted by the American Institutes for Research (AIR), they

found and shared that secondary schools suspend or expel an average of two

million students per year, mostly for non-violent offenses such as disruption,

disrespect, tardiness, and dress code violations.

The research showed that being expelled or suspended increases the

students’ risks of falling into unproductive behavior, affecting their social-

emotional development, academic performance, and life trajectories thus

showing the real reason for the existence of school rules and regulations.

Teacher-student conflicts were as a result of excessive force that teachers used

on the students (Mettoh, 2020). School rules and regulations are among the
strategies designed to instill good conduct in the students; these imply self-

control, orderliness, acceptable behavior and obedience to the school authority

(Adams, 2003). Also, rules and regulations are set to maintain proper

governance and build respect among the teachers and the students. Also,

discipline aims to educate and nurture values of tolerance, respect, and self-

discipline in the learner rather than to victimize, belittle and dominate those who

are under the said rules and regulations (Gottfredson, 2009). Hosie (2007)

argues that students tend to believe schools do not serve their concerns

adequately. This misunderstanding appears to limit the extent to which staff

provide credible messages and support to students as they make healthy

transitions to adulthood.

Furthermore, in Cotton (2000) study about “The Modes of Students’

Control in Public Schools in the United States of America”, he added that it has

become a habit to some of the students, secondary students to be specific, to

break the school rules and regulations impunity resulting to a bigger

consequence like having a poor academic result. Consequently, he

recommended using an open-minded approach letting the students take part in

the decision-making with regards to the implementation of the school rules and

regulations to effective school rules and regulations as a way of minimizing

unwanted behavior in schools.

 CHAPTER III
METHODOLOGY

Research Design

This study will employ a phenomenological research design. It will attempt

to explore how School Policy Rules influenced ENHS students. The researchers

will took perspective on the students who experience the school policy rules.

Participant of the Study

The participants of this study will be selected from the Esperanza National

High School (ENHS) students. Those who experience the school policy rules are

the best informants in giving reliable data sources on their perceptions of school

policy rules.

Locale of the Study

This study will be conducted in Esperanza National High School (ENHS)

located at Esperanza, Sultan Kudarat. A first-class municipality of the Sultan

Kudarat province and a home for approximately 66,000. It is currently led by Hon.

Charles Federic R. Ploteña. Esperanza National High School was the main area

for the data gathering and discussion.

Sampling Technique

This study used a purposive sampling technique. Researchers wanted to

access a particular subset of people, in this case, each individual is chosen, and

each student at the Esperanza National High School has an equal chance or

probability of being selected.

Data Gathering Methods

In the data-gathering method, participants were interviewed to gather data

or information. Instead of writing a questionnaire, the respondents or

interviewees gave the needed data or information verbally in a face-to-face

interview.

Data Gathering Procedure

This study was done by a process, interview were used to those

participants who have different perception and experience of school policy rules

The researcher performed a face-to-face engagement with the interviewee using

spoken questions and interviews to obtain additional information and learn about

other students` perception and experiences. Data gathering was not easily

analyzed, but through collecting data, it was easily understood.

Ethical Considerations

Purposive sampling is being used. Before conducting an interview, the

relevant participants have been consulted, informed, and necessary permission

and approval have been obtained. It is important to establish trust with the

research participants and this was achieved by ensuring confidentiality to all

participants.
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