National Taiwan University - Calculus 4 for Class 01-09

Worksheet 2 : Parametric Surfaces

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Reference : Stewart §16.6

Parametrization of surfaces.
In Calculus 3, we learned double integrals for which integrations were defined over a planar region. We now aim to
define integrals over an arbitrary surface (which is not necessarily flat). Similar to defining line integrals, we should
begin with parametrizing the surfaces.

Example 1. (Graph of a function)

A parametrization of part of a graph S = {(x, y, z) 2 R3 : z = f (x, y)} whose projection on xy-plane is D is given
by
r(x, y) = hx, y, f (x, y)i, x, y 2 D.
Example 2. (Sphere of radius R)
Fix R > 0. A parametrization of the sphere x2 + y 2 + z 2 = R2 is given in spherical coordinates by

r(✓, ) = hR sin cos ✓, R sin sin ✓, R cos i, 0  ✓  2⇡, 0   ⇡.

Example 3. (Surface of revolution)

Consider the surface obtained by rotating the curve y = g(z) 0, z1  z  z2 about the z-axis. A parametrization
of this surface is given in cylindrical coordinates by

r(z, ✓) = hg(z) cos ✓, g(z) sin ✓, zi, 0  ✓  2⇡, z1  z  z2 .

Exercise 1. Consider the surface S that is part of the sphere x2 +y 2 +z 2 = 4 that lies within the cylinder x2 +y 2 = 1
and above the xy-plane.
(a) Parametrize S as a graph.
(b) Parametrize S in cylindrical coordinates.
(c) Parametrize S in spherical coordinates.

a) γ ( x
, y) x , y
,λ 4 -
0
≥
y
~ )
,
xy =|∝
(b ) γ ( Z, G ) =
( λ 4 zicasG
-

,
λ 4 zzs 的 ε
-

, Z) }⼦ ≤ 2 0 ≤θ≤ 2π
, , x

( C) γ ( )= 2 casosnd φ
G

, sim σ
$ επ =$= 元
φ ( 2 s 的
, ,
20 s 1 σ≤σ≤ 2 π, -

,
☆

4 sin =$ =| s in φ ≤
4 -

上 = sm
φ = ≠

1
Exercise 2. Parametrize the following surfaces.
(a) The part of the sphere x2 + y 2 + z 2 = 4z that lies inside the paraboloid z = x2 + y 2 .

- 2 ≥=
2 2
4
x +
y +
z≥= 4 z x
y 及
4

xyzzz
let r 10 , φ) =
( 2 as ε sm
φ 2 s 的σ
snd 2 + 2 cosd )
,
,

4 s的
2

φ ≤ 2+ 2 ces
φ 4 -

4cos =φ ≤ 2 + 2 cosd

400s θ+ 2 cas
φ -

2 ≥ 0 xos =φ + cos φ -
1 20

as
φ ≥ ± cr cos φ ≤
-

1 ( 不合 )

-
≤φ ÷ , 0 ≤ σ ≤ 2π

p
(b) The part of the cone z = 2(x2 + y 2 ) that lies below the plane z = 1 + y. (Hint. First find the projection
of the surface onto xy-plane)

project to
xy plane
-

λ2 (r +
y)
=
f k +
,
0 = k ≤ 1

≥=
= 2 ≈

(y k) 2K
2 x年 Y zky =
2 y
± + k 2 x + -

好 z
Y
=
在

kz
f | x = KasG , Y = K + 2 ks 的 G ,
O≤ tε m

⼦ = fz (KPas ks的 +
+ 2江 K3 的 + k ) =λ2 (
zk+kin = b+2ks 的G )

= k ⽔ ( ztsinGtz原 sn θ )

γ ( K ,
G) =
( Kcas ε ,
k zks 的 6
+
, Kd ⽔ czts atrrsinG 1 的

)
2
0 ≤ k ≤ 1 , 0 ≤ G ≤ 2π
Exercise 3. In this question, a surface is formed by a union of two spherical surfaces.

(a) The lower part S1 of the surface is part of the sphere x2 + y 2 + z 2 = 1 that lies below the plane z = 12 . Find
a parametrization of S1 .
(b) The upper part S2 of the surface is part of the sphere x2 + y 2 + (z 1)2 = 1 that lies above the plane z = 12 .
Find a parametrization of S2 .

(a "

γ ( G , ¢ ) = ( sin φ
cosG sin φ s的 G ,
cos
$ ) , σ≤ G
≤2
元
, =
元 d 王

的
γ ( 0 , φ ) =
( 2 as φ sin aso
φ
,
2
asdsmdso xosdcosd )

=
( sin ( 2
φ) ase , sin ( z
φ ) ε iaG , Cos ( 2 G) -

1 D
元
0 ≤6 ≤ 2元 , 0 ≤
f ≤
5

3
Exercise 4. The shell of a spacecraft is a union of two surfaces :
• S1 is part of x2 + 4y 2 + 4z 2 = 4 where x  0.
• S2 is part of x = 4 4y 2 4z 2 where x 0.

(a) Find a parametrization of S1 .

(b) Find a parametrization of S2 .

@ x
(
y
zz 1
+ 4 yi + +
z
+ =
] 4 == 4
P
2

γ (G , ¢ ) = ( 2
smdcos σ , sindsin φ , cosd ) , π≤θ≤π , o ≤φ i π

b
let γ= λ
y +z =
,

y
= rasa , Z = rsi 的 a

ri 4
4 -
4 =
x γ=
染
: . γ( x , 0 ) = ( , x

4
ast
, 舞 sin ε )

x > 0 0 ≤ G ≤ 2π

4
Exercise 5. (Optional) A torus is formed by revolving a small circle of radius r along the circumference of a bigger
circle of radius R. Find a parametrization of this torus.