Day 1 Module

HOW TO USE THIS MODULE (Innovation Subject)?
Welcome to the Module “performs a motor control and sensor

program.” This module contains training materials and activities for you
to complete.
The unit of competency “performs a motor control and sensor
program.” contains knowledge, skills, and attitudes.
You are required to go through a series of learning activities to

complete each module’s learning outcomes. In each learning outcome,
there are Information Sheets and Activity Sheets. Follow these activities
on your own and answer the Self-Check at the end of each learning
activity.
Don’t hesitate to ask your facilitator for assistance if you have

questions.
Remember to:
 Work through all the information and complete the activities in each
section.
 Read information sheets and complete the self–check. Suggested
references are included to supplement the materials provided in this
module.
 Perform the Performance Task to your facilitator for evaluation and
recording in the Accomplishment Chart. Outputs shall serve as your
portfolio during the Institutional Competency Evaluation. When you
feel confident that you have had sufficient practice, ask your Trainer
to evaluate you. The results of your assessment will be recorded in
your Progress Chart and Accomplishment Chart
After completing this module ask your teacher to assess your

competency. The results of your assessment will be recorded on your
competency profile. All the learning activities are designed for you to
complete at your own pace.
Inside this module, you will find the activities for you to complete
followed by relevant information sheets for each learning outcome. Each
learning outcome may have more than one learning activity.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
I. Microcontroller Part 1
Lesson 1: Introduction to Arduino
Lesson 2: Basic Arduino Programming (Part 1)
II. Microcontroller Part 2

Lesson 3: Basic Arduino Programming (Part 2)
Lesson 4: Sensor
Lesson 5: Motor
Lesson 6: Project Making
III. Sketch-up
Lesson 7: Introduction to Sketch-Up
Lesson 8: Creating a 3D Model (Drawing Lines, Shapes, and 3D Objects)
LESSON 1: Introduction to Arduino
I. Learning Competencies:
1. Understanding the components of a program for a development
board, such as Variables, Functions, pinMode, digitalWrite, delay,
setup, and loop
2. Describing the basic structure of an Arduino sketch, including the
use of the setup and loop functions.
3. Describe how to access the Arduino’s pins from a sketch.
II. Nominal Duration: 2 hours
III. Contents:
1. Board Description
2. Installation
3. Program Structure
IV. Learning Conditions: You will have access to

1. Training materials
2. Arduino Uno
3. Connecting cable
V. Assessment Method:
1. Quiz
2. Activities
Information Sheet 1.1 Board Description
What is Arduino?
An open-source platform used to make electronics projects. It consists of
both a microcontroller and a part of the software or Integrated Development
Environment (IDE) that runs on your PC, used to write & upload computer code
to the physical board.
Power USB
Arduino board can be powered by using the USB cable from your computer. All
you need to do is connect the USB cable to the USB connection.
Barrel Jack
Power (Barrel Jack). Arduino boards can be powered directly from the AC mains
power supply by connecting it to the Barrel Jack.
Voltage Regulator
The function of the voltage regulator is to control the voltage given to the Arduino
board and stabilize the DC voltages used by the processor and other elements.
Crystal Oscillator
The crystal oscillator helps Arduino in dealing with time issues. How does
Arduino calculate time? The answer is, by using the crystal oscillator. The number
printed on top of the Arduino crystal is 16.000H9H. It tells us that the frequency is
16,000,000 Hertz or 16 MHz.
Arduino Reset
You can reset your Arduino board, i.e., start your program from the beginning.
You can reset the UNO board in two ways. First, by using the reset button (17) on the
board. Second, you can connect an external reset button to the Arduino pin labelled
RESET (5).
Pins
 Pins (3.3, 5, GND, Vin)
 3.3V (6) − Supply 3.3 output volt
 5V (7) − Supply 5 output volt
 Most of the components used with Arduino board works fine with 3.3 volt and 5
volt.
 GND (8)(Ground) − There are several GND pins on the Arduino, any of which
can be used to ground your circuit.
 Vin (9) − This pin also can be used to power the Arduino board from an external
power source, like AC mains power supply.
Analog pins
The Arduino UNO board has six analog input pins A0 through A5. These pins can
read the signal from an analog sensor like the humidity sensor or temperature sensor
and convert it into a digital value that can be read by the microprocessor.
Main microcontroller
Each Arduino board has its own microcontroller (11). You can assume it as the
brain of your board. The main IC (integrated circuit) on the Arduino is slightly different
from board to board. The microcontrollers are usually of the ATMEL Company. You
must know what IC your board has before loading up a new program from the Arduino
IDE. This information is available on the top of the IC. For more details about the IC
construction and functions, you can refer to the data sheet.
ICSP pin
Mostly, ICSP (12) is an AVR, a tiny programming header for the Arduino
consisting of MOSI, MISO, SCK, RESET, VCC, and GND. It is often referred to as an SPI
(Serial Peripheral Interface), which could be considered as an "expansion" of the output.
Actually, you are slaving the output device to the master of the SPI bus.
Power LED indicator

This LED should light up when you plug your Arduino into a power source to
indicate that your board is powered up correctly. If this light does not turn on, then
there is something wrong with the connection.
TX and RX LEDs
On your board, you will find two labels: TX (transmit) and RX (receive). They
appear in two places on the Arduino UNO board. First, at the digital pins 0 and 1, to
indicate the pins responsible for serial communication. Second, the TX and RX led (13).
The TX led flashes with different speed while sending the serial data. The speed of
flashing depends on the baud rate used by the board. RX flashes during the receiving
process.
Digital I/O
The Arduino UNO board has 14 digital I/O pins (15) (of which 6 provide PWM
(Pulse Width Modulation) output. These pins can be configured to work as input digital
pins to read logic values (0 or 1) or as digital output pins to drive different modules like
LEDs, relays, etc. The pins labeled “~” can be used to generate PWM.
AREF
AREF stands for Analog Reference. It is sometimes, used to set an external
reference voltage (between 0 and 5 Volts) as the upper limit for the analog input pins.
Information Sheet 1.2 Installation
How to install Arduino IDE?

Step 1 − First you must have your Arduino board (you can choose your favorite
board) and a USB cable. In case you use Arduino UNO, Arduino Duemilanove,
Nano, Arduino Mega 2560, or Diecimila, you will need a standard USB cable (A
plug to B plug), the kind you would connect to a USB printer as shown in the
following image.
In case you use Arduino Nano, you will need an A to Mini-B cable instead
as shown in the following image.
Step 2 − Download Arduino IDE Software.

You can get different versions of Arduino IDE from the Download page
(https://www.arduino.cc/en/software) on the Arduino Official website. You
must select your software, which is compatible with your operating system
(Windows, IOS, or Linux). After your file download is complete, unzip the file.
Step 3 − Power up your board.
The Arduino Uno, Mega, Duemilanove and Arduino Nano automatically
draw power from either, the USB connection to the computer or an external
power supply. If you are using an Arduino Diecimila, you have to make sure that
the board is configured to draw power from the USB connection. The power
source is selected with a jumper, a small piece of plastic that fits onto two of the
three pins between the USB and power jacks. Check that it is on the two pins
closest to the USB port.
Connect the Arduino board to your computer using the USB cable. The
green power LED (labeled PWR) should glow.
Step 4 − Launch Arduino IDE.

After your Arduino IDE software is downloaded, you need to unzip the folder.
Inside the folder, you can find the application icon with an infinity label
(application.exe). Double-click the icon to start the IDE.
Step 5 − Open your first project.
Once the software starts, you have two options −
 Create a new project.

 Open an existing project example.
To create a new project, select File → New.
To open an existing project example, select File → Example → Basics → Blink.
Here, we are selecting just one of the examples with the name Blink. It turns the
LED on and off with some time delay. You can select any other example from the
list.
Step 6 − Select your Arduino board.
To avoid any error while uploading your program to the board, you must
select the correct Arduino board name, which matches with the board connected
to your computer.
Go to Tools → Board and select your board.
Here, we have selected Arduino Uno board according to our tutorial, but you
must select the name matching the board that you are using.
Step 7 − Select your serial port.
Select the serial device of the Arduino board. Go to Tools → Serial Port
menu. This is likely to be COM3 or higher (COM1 and COM2 are usually reserved
for hardware serial ports). To find out, you can disconnect your Arduino board
and re-open the menu, the entry that disappears should be of the Arduino board.
Reconnect the board and select that serial port.
Step 8 − Upload the program to your board.
Before explaining how we can upload our program to the board, we must
demonstrate the function of each symbol appearing in the Arduino IDE toolbar.
A − Used to check if there is any compilation error.
B − Used to upload a program to the Arduino board.
C − Shortcut used to create a new sketch.
D − Used to directly open one of the example sketch.
E − Used to save your sketch.
F − Serial monitor used to receive serial data from the board and send
the serial data to the board.
Now, simply click the "Upload" button in the environment. Wait a few
seconds; you will see the RX and TX LEDs on the board, flashing. If the upload
is successful, the message "Done uploading" will appear in the status bar.
Note − If you have an Arduino Mini, NG, or other board, you need to
press the reset button physically on the board, immediately before clicking the
upload button on the Arduino Software.
Information Sheet 1.3 Program Structure
What is Sketch?
A sketch is the name that Arduino uses for a program. It's the unit of code
that is uploaded to and run on an Arduino board.
Structure
Arduino programs can be divided in three main parts: Structure, Values
(variables and constants), and Functions.
Let us start with the Structure. Software structure consist of two main functions
 Setup( ) function
 Loop( ) function
The setup () function is called when a sketch starts. The Arduino

program calls the setup function as the first thing when the Arduino unit
powers up. So any code that you place in the setup function in your sketch
runs first, and it only runs one time. The setup function is a great place to
initialize input and output pins so they are ready to be used.
The loop () function are used to control the flow of a program. In a loop,
a block of code is executed over and over again. Each cycle of the loop is called
an iteration of the loop. Depending on certain conditions that you can define in
the code, you can control whether the program enters the loop or not.

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HOW TO USE THIS MODULE (Innovation Subject)?

Welcome to the Module “performs a motor control and sensor

You are required to go through a series of learning activities to

Don’t hesitate to ask your facilitator for assistance if you have

After completing this module ask your teacher to assess your

II. Microcontroller Part 2

II. Nominal Duration: 2 hours

IV. Learning Conditions: You will have access to

Power LED indicator

How to install Arduino IDE?

Step 2 − Download Arduino IDE Software.

Step 4 − Launch Arduino IDE.

 Create a new project.

The setup () function is called when a sketch starts. The Arduino

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