Information System Assignment Rectified

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Introduction
What is an Information System?
An information system (IS) is a system that collects, processes, stores, analyzes, and
distributes data for a given purpose. It refers to both the technology and the people and
procedures involved in managing information within an organization or group. For example,
companies utilize information systems to handle financial accounts, manage human
resources, and reach out to potential consumers through online advertisements.
It consists of following essential components.
1. Hardware- It is technology’s physical component. It includes computers, hard disks,
keyboards, mice, barcode and QR code scanners, and other such devices. Hardware
costs over the years have drastically decreased, while speed and storage capacity have
increased. One major change is for example is cloud storage, the companies can avail
services of AWS or Microsoft Azure to store the data over the cloud through internet.
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2. Software –system software and application software, are its two types. System
software is an operating system (OS) or firmware which controls hardware,
application files, and other resources it enables users to operate the computer machine
via a GUI (graphical user interface). Application software is meant to help users
manage their tasks. Basically, system software makes hardware useable, whereas
application software performs certain specialized functions. MS word, Excel are
examples of application software, whereas examples of system software are Mac OS,
Windows, Ubuntu.
licensed programs built and maintained by software development firms to meet
unique requirements of large corporations. These corporations purchase this software.
The software can be both proprietary and open source, with the latter being freely
available on the internet.
3. Data – Although data on its own is useless, it becomes useful when it is organized and
collected with proper scrutiny, it becomes quite helpful for business operations of a
firm. They can compile relevant information and use it for decisions making that
might be assessed for their potential to improve business operations.
4. Telecommunications (Networks): Information is shared through connections to

computers or other devices. There are two ways to configure a network: wired and
wireless. Wireless technologies include microwaves and radio waves, whereas to
interconnect the devices wired technologies mainly uses fibre optics and coaxial
cables.
5. Human Resources: The last, and arguably most significant, element of information
systems is humans: the individuals required to manage the system and the guidelines
that they follow in order to transform the information stored in massive databases and
data warehouses into knowledge that can be used to analyze past events and direct
decisions for the future.
Fig 1
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What is supply chain?

It includes the full process of creating and providing a product or service, from locating the
unprocessed components to delivering the finished good or service to customers.
Alternatively, we could say that it is essentially the order in which a commodity is produced
and distributed.
Fig 2
It is one of the fastest growing sectors. In 2023, the size of the global supply chain
management market reached a valuation of USD 27.93 billion. In 2017 it was around 19.8
billion and by 2027 it is expected to be at valuation of USD 42.4 bn. Between 2024 and 2032,
the market is projected to grow at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 11.40%, will
reach a valuation of USD 72.54 billion.
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Fig 3
Impact of the information systems on the supply chain:

1. Enhanced Supply Chain Visibility:
Information systems provide real-time visibility over the whole supply chain, making it
possible to monitor inventory movements, logistics, and any operational bottlenecks in
details. A greater degree of transparency leads to more intelligent decision-making and a
more nuanced knowledge of the complexities within the supply chain.
2. Data-Driven Decision-Making:
Information system integration promotes a paradigm change in favour of data-driven
decision-making. Big data sets are analyzed by algorithms, which contribute to strategic
decisions related to demand forecasting, inventory optimization, and synchronization with
overall corporate goals.
3. Process Automation and Operational Efficiency:
Automation of supply chain procedures is carried out with the help of information systems,
which reduces human error and increases operational effectiveness. Order processing and
inventory management are examples of mechanized processes that maximize resource
allocation and highlight organizational ability.
4. Collaborative Integration:
Introduction of information systems promotes smooth coordination and integration between
various supply chain stakeholders. Centralized platforms can serve as channels for rapid
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informationn sharing, reducing communication gaps and encouraging an integrated and

adaptable supply chain network.
5. Adaptability:
Supply chain models benefit from information systems' unmatched responsiveness. Real-time
data analytics can help companies quickly respond to demand volatility, market swings, and
unanticipated disturbances. The supply chain structure is made strong and flexible by this
quick response.
6. Proactive Risk Management:
Information systems play an important part in detecting, evaluating, and reducing hazards in
the supply chain. Organizations can develop strong backup plans and improve durability by
regularly monitoring risk variables, which guarantes supply chain stability.
7. Customer Satisfaction:
Improved customer satisfaction results from the amalgamation of enhanced visibility and
optimized supply chain procedures. Accurate order fulfilment, fewer delays, and skilled
customer support all add up to a customer-focused culture that enhances the supply chain's
overall effectiveness.
To conclude we can say, information systems become catalysts that transform supply chain
models via increased transparency, data-driven decision-making, automated procedures,
cooperative integration, flexible response, anticipatory risk mitigation, and customer-focused
satisfaction. This paradigm change gives businesses a strategic edge by enabling them to
manage the complexity of the global economy.
References
1. ^ McKinsey & Company, Succeeding in the AI supply-chain revolution, published 30

April 2021, accessed 28 June 2023
2. https://www.britannica.com/topic/information-system/
3. What is Information System? Definition, Examples, & Facts | Emeritus
4. https://www.expertmarketresearch.com/reports/supply-chain-management-market
5. Fig 1 Components Of Information System - GeeksforGeeks
6. Fig 2. The Five Components of Supply Chain Management (procureport.com)
7. Fig 3. Supply Chain Management Market Size & Industry Trends, 2027
(kbvresearch.com)

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4. Telecommunications (Networks): Information is shared through connections to

What is supply chain?

Impact of the information systems on the supply chain:

informationn sharing, reducing communication gaps and encouraging an integrated and

1. ^ McKinsey & Company, Succeeding in the AI supply-chain revolution, published 30

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