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WEEK+3 +Personality+Development

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25 views23 pages

WEEK+3 +Personality+Development

Uploaded by

shane.tapang00
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Professional Development and Applied Ethics

CPROFDEV

Personality Development Overview


Different Influences on Personality
Week 3
PERSONALITY DEVELOPMENT

It is the development of the organized pattern of


behaviors and attitudes that makes a person distinctive.
It occurs by the ongoing interaction of temperament,
environment and character.

Personality is what makes a person unique, and it is


recognizable soon after birth.
THREE COMPONENTS OF PERSONALITY

1. TEMPERAMENT-is the set of genetically


determined traits that determine the child’s
approach to the world and how the child learns
about the world.
2. ENVIRONMENT- comes from adaptive patterns
related to a child’s specific environment.
3. CHARACTER- the set of emotional, cognitive, and
behavioral patterns learned from experience that
determines how a person thinks, feels, and
behaves.
STAGES OF DEVELOPMENT
Stage 1: Infancy
-first two years of life

Stage 2: Toddlerhood
- early childhood between 18 months to two years

Stage 3: Pre-school
-”play age”, from about three to entry into formal school.

Stage 4: School age (Learning Industry or Inferiority Competence)


-occurs during school age up to junior high school

Stage 5: Adolescence (Learning Identity or Identity Diffusion (Fidelity)


- occurs from age 13 or 14
STAGES OF DEVELOPMENT

Stage 1: Infancy

- learn basic trust or mistrust;


-well nurtured and loved;
-develops security and basic
optimism
STAGES OF DEVELOPMENT

Stage 2: Toddlerhood

- learning autonomy or shame


(will)
-well parented; self-confidence
-tantrums, stubbornness and
negatism
STAGES OF DEVELOPMENT

Stage 3: Pre school

- learning Initiative or Guilt (Purpose)


- uses imagination, broaden skills
through active play and fantasy;
- cooperates with others
- dependent excessively on adults
STAGES OF DEVELOPMENT

Stage 4: School age

- learning industry or inferiority


(competence)
- learns formal skills
- relating with peers according to rules;
- free play that is structured with rules and
requires teamwork
- learning basic intellectual skills (reading
& math)
STAGES OF DEVELOPMENT

Stage 5: Adolescence

- Learning Identity or Identity (Diffusion)


- maturity starts to develop;
- self-certainty, self-doubt and experiments;
- well-adjusted adolescent looks forward to
achievement;
- develops clear sexual identity;
- seeks leadership;
Environmental factor:
CULTURE
• Northern European and United
States countries
• - Individualistic culture

• Asian, African, Central and South


American countries
• -Community-centered cultures
Nine Temperamental Traits (Child
Development Researchers)

• Activity level
• Distractibility (degree of concentration)
• Intensity (how loud the child is)
• Regularity (biological functions like appetite and sleep)
• Sensory (sensitive to physical stimuli: touch, taste, smell etc.)
• Approach/Withdrawal (responses to a new situation)
• Adaptability (transitions and changes)
• Persistence (stubbornness, inability to give up)
• Mood (positive and negative way)
Personality disorder

• Difficulty dealing with other people


• Inflexible, rigid and unable to respond to the
changes
• Difficult to participate in social activities
THEORIES OF PERSONALITY

Personality is the dynamic organization within an


individual of those psychological systems that
determine his characteristics behavior and thought.

The characteristics or blend of characteristics that make


a person unique.

Trait Theory - History of Personality Psychology -


YouTube
THEORIES OF PERSONALITY
Idiographic View
-assumes that each person has a unique
psychological structure and that some traits are
possessed by only one person; and that there are times
when it is possible to compare one person with others.

Nomothetic View
-emphasizes comparability among individuals.
This viewpoint sees traits as having the same
psychological meaning to everyone.
THEORIES OF PERSONALITY
1. Freud’s Theory
- Psychosexual Development People are basically
hedonistic. They are driven to seek pleasure by
gratifying the id’s (instinct and desires).
THEORIES OF PERSONALITY
2. Tripartite Theory of Personality

Superego Conscience component personality

Ego Decision making component personality

ID’s (instincts & desires) Primitive and instinctive personality


THEORIES OF PERSONALITY
3. Trait approach to personality
- it assumes behavior that is determined by
relatively stable traits which are the fundamental units of
one’s personality. This means that traits should remain
consistent across situations and over time but may vary
between individuals.
THEORIES OF PERSONALITY
4. Eysenck’s Personality Theory
-he proposed a theory of personality based on
biological factors, arguing that individuals inherit a type
of nervous system that affects their ability to learn and
adapt to the environment.
THEORIES OF PERSONALITY
Continuation…

Extraverts- are sociable and crave excitement and


change, and thus can become bored easily.
Introverts- are quiet and reserved.
Neuroticism/stability-a stable person’s nervous system
will generally be less reactive to stressful situations,
remaining calm and levelheaded.
Psychoticism/normality-lacks empathy, cruel, a loner,
aggressive and troublesome.
THEORIES OF PERSONALITY
5. Cattell’s 16PF Trait Theory
- he disagreed with Eysenck’s view that
personality can be understood by looking at only two or
three dimensions of behavior.
THEORIES OF PERSONALITY
6. Allport’s Trait Theory
- it emphasizes the uniqueness of the individual
and the internal cognitive and motivational processes
that influence behavior.
Example: intelligence, temperament, habits, skills,
attitudes and traits.
THEORIES OF PERSONALITY
7. Authoritarian Personality
- Adorno et al. (1950) proposed that prejudice is
the result of an individual’s personality trait. There are
many weaknesses in Adorno’s explanation of prejudice:
 Harsh parenting style does not always produce
prejudice individuals
 Some prejudice people do not conform to the
authoritarian personality type.
 Doesn’t explain why people are prejudiced against
certain groups and not others.

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