Atomic Habits (PDFDrive) - 185-186

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deliberate practice.

Habits + Deliberate Practice = Mastery

To become great, certain skills do need to become automatic. Basketball


players need to be able to dribble without thinking before they can move on to
mastering layups with their nondominant hand. Surgeons need to repeat the first
incision so many times that they could do it with their eyes closed, so that they
can focus on the hundreds of variables that arise during surgery. But after one
habit has been mastered, you have to return to the effortful part of the work and
begin building the next habit.
Mastery is the process of narrowing your focus to a tiny element of success,
repeating it until you have internalized the skill, and then using this new habit as
the foundation to advance to the next frontier of your development. Old tasks
become easier the second time around, but it doesn’t get easier overall because
now you’re pouring your energy into the next challenge. Each habit unlocks the
next level of performance. It’s an endless cycle.

MASTERING ONE HABIT

MASTERING A FIELD
FIGURE 16: The process of mastery requires that you progressively layer improvements on top of one another, each habit building upon the last until a new level of performance has been
reached and a higher range of skills has been internalized.

Although habits are powerful, what you need is a way to remain conscious of
your performance over time, so you can continue to refine and improve. It is
precisely at the moment when you begin to feel like you have mastered a skill—
right when things are starting to feel automatic and you are becoming
comfortable—that you must avoid slipping into the trap of complacency.
The solution? Establish a system for reflection and review.

HOW TO REVIEW YOUR HABITS AND MAKE ADJUSTMENTS


In 1986, the Los Angeles Lakers had one of the most talented basketball teams
ever assembled, but they are rarely remembered that way. The team started the
1985–1986 NBA season with an astounding 29–5 record. “The pundits were
saying that we might be the best team in the history of basketball,” head coach
Pat Riley said after the season. Surprisingly, the Lakers stumbled in the 1986
playoffs and suffered a season-ending defeat in the Western Conference Finals.
The “best team in the history of basketball” didn’t even play for the NBA
championship.
After that blow, Riley was tired of hearing about how much talent his players
had and about how much promise his team held. He didn’t want to see flashes of
brilliance followed by a gradual fade in performance. He wanted the Lakers to

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