COMPUTER AIDED

ENGINEERING DRAWING
Arch. Oraib A. Al-Jaafreh
Outline
 Introduction to AutoCAD

 Basic AutoCAD interface

 Giving commands

 Object Snap

 Dynamic input

 Drawing 2D shapes

 Line

 Selection methods

 Modifying Operations

 Erase And Undo

 Zooming and panning

Introduction to AutoCAD
Computer Aided Drawing (CAD) is where we produce our 2D and 3D drawings using
a computer software package. CAD has many advantages and disadvantages over
traditional drawing on a drawing board with a pencil.

Some of these Advantages are:

 Drawings are more Accurate

 Ease of modification / edit drawings

 Standardisation of drawings

 Drawings can be sent over large distances using e-mail.

 Ability to use a library of commonly used shapes/drawings

Basic AutoCAD Interface
File Name bar

Curser

Drawing Area

UCS Icon
 Pull Down Menus (PDM) Contain all commands we need.

PDM toolbar
Standard toolbar
 QNew

Open… CTRL+O
Save CTRL+S

Plot… CTRL+P
Plot Preview

Publish

3DDWF

Cut CTRL+X
Copy CTRL+C
Paste CTRL+V
Match properties

Block editor

Undo

Pan Realtime

Zoom Realtime

Zoom Window
Zoom Previous

Properties
Design Center

Tool Palettes Window

Sheet Set Manager

Makeup Set Manager

Quick Calc
 Standard Toolbar contains ordinary commands like Save, Copy, Zoom, Undo …etc.

Help
 Create and edit styles of Text, Dimension, and Tables.

Styles toolbar

Table Style Control

Text Style Control

Dimension Style
Control
 You can edit and save workspace setting. In addition to create and edit your own workspaces.

Workspaces
toolbar
 Current
Workspace Name My Workspace
Workspace Setting

 The Workspace Settings dialog appearing

when the Workspace Settings... Icon of
the Workspaces toolbar is clicked.
  You can Manage layers such as Create new layers, switching layers On or Off, choose
line type, line color, plot style …

Layers toolbar
 You can control properties of objects Color, Line Type, and Line Weight .

Properties
 You can Draw or modify objects directly from the icons in these toolbars.
 You can use all these command from Draw or Modify Drop Menus.
 You can see the command by moving your mouse over its icon and wait until you see a
label of it.

Draw
Modify
Toolbar
Toolbar
Modify Toolbar
Draw Toolbar Contains all 2D
Contains all Modification
2D drawing Commands
Commands such as Erase,
such as Line, Copy, Move,
Construction Trim, Rotate,..
Line, etc.
Polyline, Arc,
Ellipse, Insert
Block, Make
Block,.. etc.
  You can type any command you need in this Command Palette (Command line), then
press ENTER button.

Command
Palette
 The command palette (Command Line) when dragged from its position at
the bottom of the AutoCAD window
 Status Toolbar Buttons holds A number of buttons in the status bar can be used for
toggling (turning on/off) various functions when operating within AutoCAD 2007.

A click on a button turns that function on, if it

is off, a click on a button when it is off turns
the function back on.. These status can be
obtained by using function keys of the
computer keyboard (keys F1 to F10).

Status Toolbar
Buttons
SNAP: also toggled using the F9 key. When snap on, the cursor under mouse control can only be
moved in jumps from one snap point to another.
GRID: also toggled using the F7 key. When set on, a series of grid points appears in the drawing area.
ORTHO: also toggled using the F8 key. When on, lines, etc. can only be drawn vertically or horizontally.
POLAR: also toggled using the F10 key. When set on, a small tip appears showing the direction and
length of lines, etc. in degrees and units.
OSNAP: also toggled using the F3 key. When set on, an osnap icon appears at the cursor pick box.
OTRACK: when set on, lines, etc. can be drawn at exact coordinate points and precise angles.
DUCS: Dynamic UCS. Also toggled by the F6 key. Used when constructing 3D solid models.
DYN: Dynamic Input. When set on, the x, y coordinates and prompts show when the cursor hairs are
moved.
LWT: when set on, lineweights show on screen. When set off, lineweights only show in plotted/printed
drawings.
Maximise Viewport: when in Paper Space a button can toggle Model Space and Paper Space and a
new button appears for toggling between Maximizing and Minimizing the workspace
How do we give a command?

 Command line (C)

 Toolbars (T)

 Pull-down menus (PDM)

 You can pick any one(s) that you are

comfortable with.
What is OSNAP?
 Osnap (Object Snap) settings make it easier to select a 2D object’s points such as
Endpoint, Midpoint, Perpendicular, Center, İntersection, … etc.
 Osnap will be active when AutoCAD is expecting you to pick a point on the working
area.
 You can right click the icon to open Osnap dialogue (Drafting Settings) box to
activate or deactivate the different Osnaps.
 What is Dynamic Input (DYN) ?
 DYN (Dynamic Input) when it is ON dimensions, coordinate positions and commands
appear as tips when no command is in action.
 With a command in action, DYN tips showing the coordinate figures for the point of the
cursor.
 Draw Line ...
 Command LINE can be done in many ways:
 Draw Drop Down Menu / line.
 Typing Line in the Command line or ( L ).
Toolbar icon

 To draw a line you need two given points.

 To draw a line any where in the screen, without specific

dimension or coordination. You can start at a random point on your

drawing area for your FIRST POINT and SECOND POINT.

(x2,y2,z2)

(x1,y1,z1)
 Methods of drawing a Line:

 Absolute Coordinate System (DYN should be turned Off)

 EX: (To draw a line with known first point & end point coordination)
b (5,22)
1- Call the command LINE . a
2- Command: _line Specify first point: (4,8) (4,8)
3- Specify next point or [Undo]: (5,22)

 Relative Coordinate System

 EX: (To draw a line with known first point (60,210) & length of 50 units and angel 0.

1- Call the command LINE .

a b
2- Command: _line Specify first point: (60,210) (60,210) (@50,0)

3- Specify next point or [Undo]: @ 50,0

 Methods of drawing a Line:

 Polar Coordinate System

 EX: (To draw a line with 5 units length & an angel of 30, and start point ( 60,210)
b
1- Call the command LINE .
2- Command:_line Specify first point: 60,210 30
a
3- Specify next point or [Undo]: 5<30
(60,210)

 Direct Entry

 EX: to draw a horizontal line with 10 units length.

1- Turn Ortho on (Hit F8)

2- Call the command LINE .
3- Command:_line Specify first point: Click on a random point on your
working area
10 units
3- Specify next point or [Undo]: 10 a b
 NOTE:

1- Coordinate points can be shown as positive or negative numbers.

2- Angles in AutoCAD are measured in 360 degrees in a counter-clockwise.
3- In the relative coordinate method the @ symbol is entered before each set of
coordinates with the following rules in mind:
+ ve x entry is to the right
- ve x entry is to the left
+ ve y entry is upwards
- ve y entry is downwards.
Modify: Erase ...
 Command ERASE can be done in many ways:
 Draw Drop Down Modify / Erase.
 Typing Erase in the Command line or E
 Toolbar icon

 You can erase an object by

clicking on it then
 You can choose multiple objects
by crossing window.

 Methods of selection:
1- by clicking (click on the line itself)
2- by crossing (open a window from
right, this will select an object by
crossing any of its parts)
3- by crossing (open a window from
left to right, this will select an object
only of it is entirely contained within
the window)
4- All, if you want to select every
thing in the screen.
Zooming...
 You will need to zoom in and out while drawing with AutoCAD. This doesnt change your
objects or UCS, only the way you see your working space. This can be done in many ways:

 View Drop down This part from the standard

toolbar
Menu

 Standard Toolbar

 Typing z or zoom in
the command line:
 All

 Center

 Dynamic

 Extents

 Previous

 Scale

 Window
 Panning...
 View Drop down Menu
This part from the
 Standard Toolbar standard toolbar
 Typing p or Pan in the command line

 When the tool is called,

the cursor on screen changes
to a hand icon. Dragging the
hand across screen under
mouse movement allows
various parts of the drawing
not on screen to be viewed.
Exercise

Start Point
ENGINEERING DRAWING
USING AUTOCAD
Arch. Oraib A. Al-Jaafreh
Outline
 Drawing 2D shapes

 Construction Line

 Polygon

 Rectangle

 Circle

 Modify Operations

 Copy

 Move

 Offset

 Trim
 Draw / Construction Line ...
 Command Construction LINE (xl) can be done in many
ways:
 Draw Drop Down Menu / Construction line.
 Typing ( XL ) on the Command line
Toolbar icon

Construction line is a line with no start or end points.

 you can draw Horizontal, Vertical, Angled lines or to Bisect

angels.
 EX: (Draw a construction line that bisect the given angel )

1- Call the command xl

2- Command: xl XLINE specify a point or [ Hor/Ver/Ang/Bisect/Offset ]: b
3- Specify angel vertex point: click on point c
4- Specify angel start point: click on point a
5- Specify angel vertex point: click on point b

30

30
c a
 Draw / Polygon ...
 Command Polygon can be done in many ways:
 Draw Drop Down Menu / Polygon.
 Typing ( pol ) on the Command line
Toolbar icon

 You can draw polygon with minimum 3 sides to , 4, 5, 6, …..

 Draw polygon with known edge length.

 EX: (Draw a hexagon with center point coordinates (60,210) and radius of 60)

1- Command:_polygon Enter number of sides 4: 6

2- Specify center of polygon or [Edge]: 60,210

3- Enter an option [Inscribed in circle/Circumscribed about circle] I : (accept Inscribed)

4- Specify radius of circle: 60

 Draw / Rectangle ...
 Command Rectangle can be done in many ways:
 Draw Drop Down Menu / Rectangle.
 Typing ( rec ) on the Command line
Toolbar icon

 To draw a rectangle: you achieve that by specifying two opposite

points of it.
  EX: (Draw a rectangle with first corner coordination (25,240) & second point coordination (160,160) )

1- Command:_rectangle
2- Specify first corner point or [Chamfer/Elevation/Fillet/Thickness/ Width]: 25,240
3- Specify other corner point or [Area/Dimensions/Rotation]: 160,160
Command:

 You can also draw a rectangle by giving its width & length directly.

 Other options to draw Rectangle.

 Draw / Circle ...

 Command Circle can be done in many ways:

 Draw Drop Down Menu / Circle.
 Typing ( c ) on the Command line
Toolbar icon

 You can draw circle in many ways:

• Center, Diameter
• Center, Radius
• 2 points
• 3 points
• Tan, Tan, Radius
• Tan, Tan, Tan
 EX: (Draw a circle center piont (180,160)) & radius of 55 )

(A) (B)
 You can draw circle in many ways:

(A) 2 points
(B) 3 points
(C) Tan, Tan, Radius
(D) Tan, Tan, Tan

(C) (D)
 Modify / Copy ...
 Command Copy can be done in many ways:
 Modify Drop Down Menu / Copy.
 Typing ( co ) on the Command line
Toolbar icon

To copy an object with specific distance and direction

 EX: (Make a copy for the following figure)

1- Command: _copy
2- Select objects: pick the cross 1 found
3- Specify base point or [Displacement] <Displacement>: pick
4- Specify second point or use first point as displacement: pick
 Modify / Move ...
 Command Move can be done in many ways:
 Modify Drop Down Menu / Move.
 Typing ( mo ) on the Command line
Toolbar icon

To move an object with specific distance and direction from

its original location.

 Modify / Offset ...
 Command Offset can be done in many ways:
 Modify Drop Down Menu / Move.
 Typing ( O ) on the Command line
Toolbar icon

 To offset an object with specific distance and direction, This

creates an outline copy of the object.
 EX: (Make an offset for the following Rectangle with distance = 10 )

1- Command:_offset
2- Current settings: Erase source = No Layer = Source OFFSET- GAPTYPE= 0
3- offset distance or [Through/Erase/Layer] Through: 10
4- Select object to offset or [Exit/Undo] Exit: pick drawing
5- Specify point on side to offset or [Exit/Multiple/Undo] Exit: pick inside the rectangle
6- Select object to offset or [Exit/Undo] Exit: e (Exit)
7- Command:
 Modify / Trim ...
 Command Trim can be done in many ways:
 Modify Drop Down Menu / Trim.
 Typing ( Tr ) on the Command line
Toolbar icon

 To trim lines using another line, polyline, or polygon as a

cutting edge (Knife). You would have at least two intersecting
lines to do that.
 Modify / Properties ...
 Command Properties can be done in many ways:
 Modify Drop Down Menu / Properties.
 Double click on the object.

 Properties provide all General information about the object’s type

and Geometry such as color, line type, coordinates …etc.
Exercise ….

Line AB = 210 <30

3

4 A
1
100
ENGINEERING DRAWING
USING AUTOCAD
Arch. Oraib A. Al-Jaafreh
Outline
 Drawing 2D shapes

 Arc

 Polyline

 Ellipse

 Modify Operations

 Pedit (Polyline Edit)

 Fillet

 Chamfer

 Rotate

 Mirror

 Explode
 Draw / Arc ...
 Command Arc can be done in many ways:
 Draw Drop Down Menu / Rectangle.
 Typing ( a ) on the Command line
Toolbar icon

 To draw an arc you need three points on it.

 EX: (Draw the given arc, known 3 points coordination)

1- Command:_arc Specify start point of arc or [Center]: 100,220

2- Specify second point of arc or [Center/End]: 55,250
3- Specify end point of arc: 10,220
4- Command:

 Another Examples to draw an Arc:

(A) Start, Center, End

(B) Start, End, Radius

(A) (B)
 Draw / Polyline ...
 Command Polyline can be done in many ways:
 Draw Drop Down Menu / Polyline.
 Typing ( Pl ) on the Command line
Toolbar icon

 Object which drawn using polyline command considered as a single

object (one unit).
 Lines of different thickness, arcs, arrows and circles can all be drawn
using this tool
 EX: (Draw the following rectangle using polyline command)

1- Command:_pline Specify start point: 30,250

Current line width is 0
2- Specify next point or [Arc/Halfwidth/Length/Undo/Width]: 230,250
3- Specify next point or [Arc/Close/Halfwidth/Length/Undo/Width]: 320,210
4- Specify next point or [Arc/Close/Halfwidth/Length/Undo/Width]: 30,120
5- Specify next point or [Arc/Close/Halfwidth/Length/Undo/Width]: c (Close)
6- Command:
 Draw / Ellipse ...
 Command Ellipse can be done in many ways:
 Draw Drop Down Menu / Ellipse.
 Typing ( El ) on the Command line
Toolbar icon

 Ellipses are measured in terms of two axes – a major axis

and a minor axis, the major axis being the diameter of the
circle, the minor axis being the height of the ellipse
  EX: (Draw the following Ellipse, Major Axis= 100, Minor axis= 50)

1- Command:_ellipse
2- Specify axis endpoint of elliptical arc or [Center]: pick
3- Specify other endpoint of axis: 50 {Radius of major axis}
4- Specify distance to other axis or [Rotation]: 25 {Radius of minor axis}
Command:

 You can draw Ellipse in many ways:

• Center
R 25
• Axis, End R 50
• Arc

Major Axis
 Modify / Pedit ...
 Command Pedit can be done in many ways:
 Modify Drop Down Menu / object / polyline.
 Typing ( Pedit ) on the Command line
Toolbar icon

 Pedit Edits polylines and three-dimensional polygon

meshes.
 Polyline Edit options:
 Select Polyline or [Multiple] / Select the polyline to be edited
 Enter an option [C] / To close polyline
 Enter an option [J] / To join lines and curves segments into a polyline
 Enter an option [W] / To change the width of the polyline (for the starting and the ending vertex of each
segment)
 Enter an option [E] / To navigate at the vertex level, i.e. edit vertices of the polyline by moving or inserting
etc..)
 Enter an option [F] / To convert straight segments into curves that passes through the vertices.
 Enter an option [S] / To convert straight segments into curves that are ruled by vertices as control points.
 Modify / Chamfer ...
 Command Chamfer can be done in many ways:
 Modify Drop Down Menu / Chamfer.
 Typing ( ch ) on the Command line
Toolbar icon

 Chamfer creates a straight corner for a rectangle, a polygon, lines ..

 Using Chamfer command requires (Dist 1 & Dist 2) or (Dist 1 & Angel).
 EX: ( Apply Chamfer command to the following rectangle ( Dist1=10, Dist 2=10))

1- Command:_chamfer
(TRIM mode) Current chamfer Dist1 = 1, Dist2 =1
2- Select first line or [Undo/Polyline/Distance/Angle/Trim/mEthod/ Multiple]: enter d (Distance)
3- Specify first chamfer distance 1: 10
4- Specify second chamfer distance 10:

 You can keep the original corners after Chamfer or trim it.
 Modify / Fillet ...
 Command Fillet can be done in many ways:
 Modify Drop Down Menu / Fillet.
 Typing ( F ) on the Command line
Toolbar icon

 Fillet creates a rounded corner for a rectangle, a polygon, .. to

create arcs between 2 circles, circle & arc, or tow arcs.
 Using Fillet command requires Radius.

R25 R25
 EX: (Draw a Rectangle with rounded corners (R=20))

1- Command:_fillet
Current settings: Mode TRIM, Radius 1
2- Select first object or [Polyline/Radius/Trim/mUltiple]: r (Radius) Specify fillet radius <1>: 20
3- Select first object or [Undo/Polyline/Radius/Trim/Multiple]: pick
4- Select second object or shift-select to apply corner: pick
Command:

 You can keep the original corners after filet or trim it.
 Modify / Rotate ...
 Command Rotate can be done in many ways:
 Modify Drop Down Menu / Rotate.
 Typing ( Ro ) on the Command line
Toolbar icon

 When using the Rotate tool remember that the default rotation
of objects within AutoCAD 2007 is counterclockwise.
 EX: (Rotate the following object 45° )

1- Command:_rotate Current positive angle in UCS: ANGDIR counterclockwise ANGBASE 0

2- Select objects: window the drawing 3 found
3- Select objects:
4- Specify base point: pick
5- Specify rotation angle or [Copy/Reference] <0>: 45
6- Command:
 Modify / Mirror ...
 Command Mirror can be done in many ways:
 Modify Drop Down Menu / Mirror.
 Typing ( Mi ) on the Command line
Toolbar icon

 Mirror Command used to create a copy of an object on the other

side of the mirror line.
 You can choose Vertical, Horizontal or Inclined Mirror Line.
 EX: ( Create a mirror copy for the following drawing)

1- Command:_mirror
2- Select objects: pick first corner Specify opposite corner: pick 7 found
Select objects:
3- Specify first point of mirror line: end of pick
4- Specify second point of mirror line: end of pick
5- Erase source objects [Yes/No] <N>:
Command:
 Modify / Explode ...
 Command Explode can be done in many ways:
 Modify Drop Down Menu / Explode.
 Typing ( Ex ) on the Command line
Toolbar icon

 Explode command allows you to change a grouped item into its

individual elements so it can be edited such as polylines,
splines, blocks & regions.
Exercise ….

55

180
ENGINEERING DRAWING
USING AUTOCAD
Arch. Oraib A. Al-Jaafreh
Outline
 Drawing 2D shapes

 Hatch

 Modify Operations

 Array

 Extend

 Scale

 Format

 Layers Properties

 Line Type
 Modify / Array ...
 Command Array can be done in many ways:
 Modify Drop Down Menu / Array.
 Typing ( Ar ) on the Command line
Toolbar icon

 Types of Array:
 Rectangular Array
 Polar Array
 EX: ( Create a Polar array for the following object, Num rows= 3, Num columns= 4, Row offset = 40,
Column offset=30 )

1- Command:_array
2- Make settings in the dialog:
3- Choose Rectangular Array – (dot in button)
Row field – enter 3
Column field – enter 4
Row offset field – enter 40
Column offset field – enter 30

 Note: The Offset Distance can be +ve

or –ve according to the array direction.

4. Click the Select objects button and the dialog disappears. Window the drawing .The dialog
reappears.
5. Click the Preview button. The dialog disappears and the array appears with a warning dialog in
the center of the array (Fig. 1)
6. If satisfied click the Accept button. If not, click the Modify button and make revisions to the
Array dialog fields.

(Fig. 1)
 EX: ( Create a Polar array for the following object, Num rows= 3, Num columns= 4, Row offset = 40,
Colmn offset=30 )

1- Call the command Array. make the settings as shown below.

2- Click the Select objects button of the dialog and window the drawing. The
dialog returns to screen. Click the Pick Center Point button and when the
dialog disappears, pick a center point for the array.
3- The dialog reappears. Click its Preview button, the array appears with its warning dialog; if satisfied
with the result, click the Accept button of this dialog.
 Modify / Extend ...
 Command Extend can be done in many ways:
 Modify Drop Down Menu / Extend.
 Typing ( Ex ) on the Command line
Toolbar icon

 Extend used to lengthen objects to another object.

 EX:

1- Command:_extend
Current settings: Projection = UCS Edge = Extend
2- Select boundary edges... Select objects or <select all>: pick 1 found
3- Select objects: pick
4- Select objects:
5- Select object to extend or shift-select to trim or [Fence/Crossing/ Project/Edge/Undo]: pick
Repeat for each object to be extended. Then:
6- Select object to extend or shift-select to trim or [Fence/Crossing/ Project/Edge/Undo]:
Command:
 Modify / Scale ...
 Command Scale can be done in many ways:
 Modify Drop Down Menu / Scale.
 Double click on the object.

 Scale Command used to reduce or enlarge object’s size uniformly.

 Scale Factor > 1 = Enlarge size
 Scale Factor < 1 = Reduce size
 EX: ( Reduce the size of the following drawing with scale factor= 0.75)

1- Command:_scale
2- Select objects: selecting window drawing 25 found
3- Select objects:
4- Specify base point: pick
5- Specify scale factor or [Copy/Reference] <1>: 0.75
Command:
 Draw / Hatch ...
 Command Hatch can be done in many ways:
 Draw Drop Down Menu / Hatch.
 Typing ( h ) on the Command line
 Toolbar icon

 Hatching is used to add shaded patterns to objects and shapes

within an Autocad drawing.
 Hatch patterns can be used to indicate a material to be used,
such as a concrete hatch.
 You will select :
 Pattern

 Scale

 Angle

 Points (Fig 1)

 Objects (Fig 2)

(Fig 1) (Fig 2)
 Format / Layers Properties ...
 Layers properties can be done in many ways:
 Format Drop Down Menu / Layers.
 Typing ( layer ) on the Command line
 Toolbar

 Using the Layer command allows you to organize complex

drawings that contain, objects, dimensions, …
 Using the Layer command allows you to add, delete, and rename
layers, change their properties, or add descriptions.
1
2

On/ Off
Freeze
3

Lock/
Unlock
 Format / Line Type ...
 Line types properties can be done in many ways:
 Format Drop Down Menu / Linetype.
 Typing ( LT ) on the Command line
 Toolbar

 You can Load new line types and Edit line scale from Line type
manager window.
 Manage line scale

Global scale factor 1.0000 Global scale factor 3.0000

Exercise ….
ENGINEERING DRAWING
USING AUTOCAD
Arch. Oraib A. Al-Jaafreh
Outline
 Drawing 2D shapes

 Block (Make block, Insert Block, Write Block)

 Boundary

 Point

 Modify Operations

 Divide

 Stretch
 Draw / Make Block ...
 Command Block can be done in many ways:
 Draw Drop Down Menu / Block / Make.
 Typing ( B ) on the Command line
 Toolbar icon

 Blocks are drawings which can be inserted into other

drawings. Blocks are contained in the data of the
drawing in which they have been constructed.

 Example of symbols converted to Blocks

 EX: ( Create a block for the following Bed drawing)

1- Call command Make Block.

2- The Block definition dialog appears.
(a) Enter double bed in the Name field.
(b) Click the Select objects button. The dialog disappears. Window the drawing of the double bed.
The dialog reappears. Note the icon of the double bed in the top right-hand corner of the dialog.
(c) Click the Pick Point button. The dialog disappears. Click a point on the double bed
drawing to determine its insertion point. The dialog reappears.
(d) If thought necessary enter a description in the Description field of the dialog.
(e) Click the OK button. The drawing is now saved as a block in the
drawing.
 Insert Block ...
 Command Block
Insert can
Block
becan
done
bein
done
many
in ways:
many
 Draw
Insert Drop
Drop Down
Down Menu
Menu // Block
Block /. Make.
 Typing ( I ) on the Command line
 Toolbar icon

 Insert block brings the dialogue box “insert” which is used

to select a block or a file to insert in the drawing.
 EX: ( insert a block)

1- Select the block from the dropdown menu near “”name”; you will also see a preview of it.
2- Insertion point (the point where the block to be inserted in the drawing
3- Scale: To change the block dimension while inserting at X and Y Axes.
4- Rotation: to specify a rotation angle for the block if needed.

 If the box column is checked; this means that you want AutoCAD to allow to specify the information
on screen.
 Write Block ...

 Command Write Block can be done in many

ways:
Typing ( wblock ) on the Command line

 Write block enables you to save a block in

another AutoCAD File .
 Draw / Boundary ...
 Command Boundary can be done in many ways:
 Draw Drop Down Menu / Boundary.
 Typing ( Bo ) on the Command line

 Divide command allows you to convert group of objects

into Polyline (one object).
1- Command:_Boundary
2- Boundary Creation dialog appears. Click Pick Points. The dialog disappear.
3- pick internal point: click inside the drawing
BOUNDAR created 1 Polyline
Command:
 Draw / Point...
 Command Point can be done in many ways:
 Draw Drop Down Menu / Point.
 Typing ( Po ) on the Command line
 Toolbar icon

 You can use Point command to draw:

 Single Point.
 Multiple points in the same command.
 You can edit Point Style from Format pull down menu
Typing ddptype on the command line

 Set size relative to screen:

Sets the point display size as a
percentage of the screen size. The
point display does not change when
you zoom in or out.
 Set Size in Absolute Units:
Sets the point display size as the
actual units you specify under Point
Size. Points are displayed larger or
smaller when you zoom in or out.
 Point / Divide ...
 Command Divide can be done in many ways:
 Draw Drop Down Menu / Point/ Divide.
 Typing ( Div ) on the Command line

 Divide command allows you to divide an object into equal

segments using points. The object can be a line, a polyline, or
a circle.
 Ex: divide the given object into 12 equal segments.

1- Command:_Divide
2- Select object to divide: select line
3- Enter the number of segments or [Block] : 12
Command:
ENGINEERING DRAWING
USING AUTOCAD
Arch. Oraib A. Al-Jaafreh
Outline
 Draw /Text

 Dimension

 Format/ units

 Proprieties
 Draw / Text ...
 Command Text can be done in many ways:
 Draw Drop Down Menu / Text.
 Typing ( T ) on the Command line
 Toolbar icon

 Text can be used to add Titles, Notes, dimensions,…

 There are tow types of Text:

 Multiline Text (used for long sentences & paragraphs)
 Single Line Text (used for Titles & Short notes)
 EX: ( Draw the following Text using Multiline Text)

1- Command:_mtext
2- Current text style: “Standard" Text height: 2.5
3- Specify first corner : pick
4- Specify opposite corner or [Height/Justify/Line spacing/Rotation/ Style/Width/Columns]: pick

 As soon as the opposite corner is picked, the Text Formatting dialog appears and the box
changes as in the figure below. Text can now be entered as required within the box as indicated in
this illustration. When all the required text has been entered, left-click the OK button at the top right-
hand corner of the Text Formatting dialog.
 EX: ( Draw the following Text using Single line Text)

1- Command:_mtext
2- Current text style: “Standard" Text height: 2.5
3- Specify start point of text or [Justify/Style] : pick
4- Specify height <2.5000> : 5
5- Specify rotation angle of text <0> :

 When you finish typing click outside the text window, then press ESC button.
 Modify / Text ...

 Edit Text can be done in many ways:

 Modify Drop Down Menu / Object/ Text/ Edit.
 Typing ( ddedit ) on the Command line
 Format / Text Style ...

 Create Text style can be done in many ways:

Format Drop Down Menu / Text style.

 Text Style enables you to create your own text style, and
specify the text font, Height and font style.
 Dimensions ...

 Command Dimension Style can be done in many ways:

 Dimension Drop Down Menu / Dimension Style.
 Toolbar icon

 Dimension Style enables you to modify how dimensions

appears in your drawing, you can edit Text style, Dim
Lines, Arrows, … etc
 You can also create your own dimension style. By clicking New button. The following
dialogue appears, change the style name then click Continue.
 EX: Linear

 Linear allows you to draw dimensions for Vertical &

Horizontal lines.
 EX: Aligned

 Aligned allows you to draw dimensions for Inclined lines.

 EX: Arc Length

 Arc Length measures the distance along an arc or polyline arc

segment.
 EX: Radius

 Radius measures the radius of an arc or circle with its symbol R .

 EX: Diameter

 Diameter measures the diameter of an arc or circle with

Diameter symbol ᴓ
 EX: Angular

 Angular measures the angel between tow lines.

 EX: Baseline

 Baseline, this one continues an existing dimension starting

always from the same point.
 EX: Continue

 Continue, it continues an existing dimension, it first assumes the

dimension to be the last dimension you draw.
 Format / Units...

 Edit Units can be done in many ways:

 Format Drop Down Menu / Units.
 Typing ( U ) in the command line.
 Modify/ Properties ...
 Edit Units can be done in many ways:
 Modify Drop Down Menu / Properties.

 Properties enables you to show all information about drawn

objects such as general color, line type, length, width and
coordinates…
Exercise
ENGINEERING DRAWING
USING AUTOCAD
Arch. Oraib A. Al-Jaafreh
Outline
 3D Basics

 3D modeling workspace

 UCS

 3D Basic Modeling

 Polysolid, Box, Wedge , Cone, Sphere, ….. Etc

 3D Views

 Visual Styles

 Orbit
3D Modeling / Workspace ...
 In these lectures we will working in 3D Modeling workspace. To set this workspace choose it
from workspaces toolbar. In the 3D modeling workspace AutoCAD coordinate system includes
a third direction Z.

3D Make control Dashboard

contains: 3D solid objects (Box,
Cylinder, cone,..), 3D operations,
solid editing, … etc.
3D Modeling / 3D Views ...
 The 3D Modeling workspace allows 3D objects to be seen from a variety of viewing positions.

 Click View in the menu bar and from

the drop-down menu which appears.
click 3d views and in the sub-menu
which then appears you can click the
view you want. (choose SE Isometric)
 The 3D Views sub menu contains Six
2D orthographic views ( Top,
Bottom, Left, Right, Front, Back). And
four views of Isometric.
3D Modeling / Viewports ...
 One of the better methods of constructing 3D models is in different viewport settings. This allows
what is being constructed to be seen from a variety of viewing positions. To set up a new viewport
system:

1. Click View in the menu bar and from the

drop-down menu which appears click
Viewports and in the sub-menu which then
appears click the number of viewports you
need, then click Enter . (choose 3 viewports)
2. Click inside the viewport, then choose the
name of view port from the 3D views in View
drop down menu.
Top View

SE Isometric

Front View
3D Modeling / 3D Solid Objects ...
 The main Commands in the 3D Modeling can be done in many ways:
 Draw drop down Menu / Modeling
 3D Make Toolbar
3D Modeling / Polysolid...
 Polysolid command enables you to draw a
continuous 3D polyline with specified Height, Width,
and justification.
3D Modeling / Box ...
 Command Box can be done in many ways:
 Draw Drop Down Menu / Modeling / Box.
 Typing ( box ) on the Command line
 Toolbar icon

 EX: Draw a box with Length=180 (X), Width= 80 (Y), Height= 250 (Z)

1- Command:_box
2- Specify first corner or [ Center ] : pick
3- Specify other corner or [ Cube /Length ] : @ 180,80
4- Specify height or [ 2Point ] : 250
Command:
3D Modeling / Wedge ...
 Command Wedge can be done in many ways:
 Draw Drop Down Menu / Modeling / Wedge.
 Typing ( Wedge ) on the Command line
 Toolbar icon

 EX: Draw a wedge with base (Length=40 (X), Width=85(Y)), Height= 90 (Z)

1- Command:_wedge
2- Specify first corner or [ Center ] : pick
3- Specify other corner or [ Cube /Length ] : @ 40,85
4- Specify height or [ 2Point ] : 90
Command:
First corner
 Note: the direction of the height will be from
direction of the first corner you picked.
3D Modeling / Cone, Sphere, Cylinder ...

 Command Cone, Sphere, Cylinder can be done in

many ways:
 Draw Drop Down Menu / Modeling / Cone, Sphere,
Cylinder.
 Typing command name on the Command line
 Toolbar icon

 These commands needs to specify the Radius/ Diameter of the base then given the height.
While the Sphere command needs to specify the Radius/ Diameter only.
 EX: Draw a Cone with Radius= 30, Height= 55)

1- Command:_Cone
2- Specify center point of base or [ 3P /2P/ Elliptical ] : pick
3- Specify base radius or [ Diameter] : 30
4- Specify height or [ 2Point/ Axis endpoint / Top radius ] : 50
Command:
3D Modeling / Cone, Sphere, Cylinder ...

 One of the better methods of constructing 3D

models is in different viewport settings. This allows
what is being constructed to be seen from a variety of
viewing positions.
Exercise ...
ENGINEERING DRAWING
USING AUTOCAD
Arch. Oraib A. Al-Jaafreh
Outline
 3D Modeling Advanced

 2D outlines suitable for 3D models

 Extrude, Press pull, Sweep, …. Etc

 Solid Editing

 Union

 Subtract

 Intersect
2D Outlines suitable for 3D models
 When constructing 2D outlines suitable as a basis for constructing some
forms of 3D model, use tools from the 2D Draw control panel. If
constructed using tools such as Line, Circle and Ellipse, before being of
any use for 3D modelling, outlines must be changed into regions with the
Region tool (2D Draw control panel).
 Closed polylines can be used without the need to use the Region tool.
  EX 1: Draw the following figure using Line command, then transfer it into Region.

1- Construct the drawing of Fig1 using the Line tool

2- choose Region tool in the 2D Draw Menu, or enter reg at the command line the
command line shows:
Command:_region
Select objects: window the drawing 12 found
Select objects:
1 Region created
Command:

Fig 1 Fig 2
  EX 2: Draw the following figure using Line command, then transfer it into Region.

1- In the Top view, construct drawing 1 of and with the Copy tool, copy the drawing three times to
produce drawings 2, 3 and 4.
2- With the Region tool change all the outlines into regions.
3- Drawing 2 – call the Union tool from the 3D Make control panel. The command line shows:
Command: _union
Select objects: pick the left-hand region 1 found
Select objects: pick the circular region 1 found, 2 total
Select objects: pick the right-hand region 1 found, 3 total
Command: 1 found
4- Drawing 3 – with the Union tool form a union of the left-hand region and the circular region.
5. Drawing 4 – call the Subtract tool. The command line shows:
Command:_subtract Select solids and regions to subtract from... Select objects: pick the
region just formed
Select objects:
Select solids and regions to subtract: pick the right-hand region 1 found
Select objects:
Command:
3D Modeling / Extrude ...
 Command Extrude can be done in many ways:
 Draw Drop Down Menu / Modeling / Extrude.
 Typing ( ext ) on the Command line
 Toolbar icon

 Extrude command can be used to:

• extruding closed polylines or regions to stated heights, to
stated slopes or along paths.

 Extrude command enables you to draw a 3D model with specified Height, for an
existing 2D drawing.
 2D drawing should be transferred into Regions before using command Extrude
 Extrude Lines always produces 3d surfaces no matter if they are closed or open
 Circles, rectangles, polygons, and closed polylines always produce 3d solids.
Solid Editing / Union , Subtract, Intersect ...
 These Commands can be done in many ways:
 Draw Drop Down Menu / solid editing / Loft.
 Typing on the Command line
 Toolbar icon

 Union: Joins two or more solids into creating one based on

the total geometry of all.
 Subtract: Joins two or more solids into creating one based
on the total geometry of all.
 Intersect: Creates a single solid from one more solids based
on the intersected geometry.
Union Subtract Intersect
 EX1 : Use Extrude tool to make a 3D model for the given 2d plan, Height= 50

1- Call the Extrude tool. The command line shows:

Command: _extrude
Current wire frame density: ISOLINES4
Select objects to extrude: pick region 1 found
Select objects to extrude:
Specify height of extrusion or [Direction/Path/Taper angle] 45: enter 50
Command:

2D Top view SE isometric view

 EX1 : Use Extrude tool to make a 3D model for the given 2d plan through the path

1. Place the screen in the Front view.

2. Construct a semicircular arc from the center of the region.
3. Place the screen in the Top view.
4. With the Move tool, move the arc to the center of the region.
5. Place the screen in the Southwest Isometric view.
6. Call the Extrude tool. The command line shows:
Command: _extrude
Current wire frame density: ISOLINES 24
Select objects to extrude: pick the region 1 found
Select objects to extrude: right-click
Specify height of extrusion or [Direction/Path/Taper angle] 100:
enter p right-click
Select extrusion path or [Taper angle]: pick the path
Command:
3D Modeling / Revolve ...
 Command Revolve can be done in many ways:
 Draw Drop Down Menu / Modeling / Revolve.
 Typing ( rev ) on the Command line
 Toolbar icon

 To use the REVOLVE command, you will need a 2D face,

the axis of revolution and the angle..

Lines AB= axis of revolution

2D Section
3D Modeling / Sweep ...
 Command Sweep can be done in many ways:
 Draw Drop Down Menu / Modeling / Sweep.
 Typing (Seep ) on the Command line
 Toolbar icon

 The SWEEP command used to create models using

a 2D face along a path. the SWEEP command does
not care about the position of the 2D face wit
reference to the path.
3D Modeling / Loft ...
 Command Loft can be done in many ways:
 Draw Drop Down Menu / Modeling / Loft.
 Typing (Loft ) on the Command line
 Toolbar icon

 The Loft command used to create models using a

2D face along a path. the SWEEP command does
not care about the position of the 2D face wit
reference to the path.
 EX1 : Use Extrude tool to make a 3D model for the given 2d plan through the path

1. Construct the seven circles shown in Fig. 13.35 at vertical distances of 30 units
apart.
2. Place the drawing area in the SE Isometric view.
3. Call the Loft tool with a click on its tool icon in the 3D Make control panel
4. The command line shows:

Command: _loft
Select cross-sections in lofting order: Snap off pick the bottom circle 1 found
Select cross-sections in lofting order: pick the next circle 1 found, 2 total
Select cross-sections in lofting order: pick the next circle 1 found, 3 total
Select cross-sections in lofting order: pick the next circle 1 found, 4 total
Select cross-sections in lofting order: pick the next circle 1 found, 5 total
Select cross-sections in lofting order: pick the next circle 1 found, 6 total
Select cross-sections in lofting order: pick the next circle 1 found, 7 total
Select cross-sections in lofting order:
And the Loft Settings dialog appears
Resulting object
3D Modeling / UCS ...

 The UCS icon which indicates the direction of the three

coordinate axes X, Y and Z is by default showing in the
AutoCAD drawing area as arrows pointing in the
directions of the axes. When working in 2D, only the X
and Y axes are showing, but when the drawing area is in
a 3D view all three coordinate arrows are showing, except
when the model is in the XY plane.