STE7 Q1 Week1-2

MODULE
Quarter 1 (Week 1-2)
SCIENCE TECHNOLOGY AND ENGINEERING (STE 7) Analog Computers: These are almost extinct today. These are different
Quarter 1 from a digital computer because an analog computer can perform several
mathematical operations simultaneously. It uses continuous variables for
mathematical operations and utilizes mechanical or electrical energy.
Grade 7 : Advanced Subject
Subject : Computer Science I Digital Computers: They use digital circuits and are designed to operate
on two states, namely bits 0 and 1. They are analogous to states ON and OFF. Data
MOST ESSENTIAL LEARNING COMPETENCIES on these computers is represented as a series of 0s and 1s. Digital computers are
Demonstrate skills in illustrating the capabilities and the limitations of suitable for complex computation and have higher processing speeds. They are
computer tools. programmable. Digital computers are either general purpose computers or special
 Define computer purpose ones. Special purpose computers, as their name suggests, are designed for
 Identify the types of computers specific types of data processing while general purpose computers are meant for
general use.
Hybrid Computers: These computers are a combination of both digital and

analog computers. In this type of computers, the digital segments perform process
control by conversion of analog signals to digital ones.
Introduction and Definition of Computer
The 20th century saw the birth of one of the most important tools widely in
use today called a “computer”.
A computer is one of the most brilliant inventions of mankind. Thanks to the

computer technology, we were able to achieve storage and processing of huge
amounts of data; we could rest our brains by employing computer memory capacities
for storing information. Due to computers, we have been able to speed up daily work,
carry out critical transactions and achieve accuracy and precision in work. Computers
of the earlier years were of the size of a large room and were required to consume
huge amounts of electric power. However, with the advancing technology, computers
have shrunk to the size of a small watch. Depending on the processing power and
size of computers, they have been classified under various types. Let us look at the
classification of computers.
Classification of Computers
Different Types of Computers
The following are the classification of the different types of computers based
Based on the operational principle of computers, they are categorized as
on their sizes and functionalities:
analog, digital and hybrid computers.
Mainframe Computers: Large organizations use mainframes for highly
critical applications such as bulk data processing and ERP. Most of the mainframe
computers have the capacities to host multiple operating systems and operate as a
number of virtual machines and can substitute for several small servers.
Minicomputers: In terms of size and processing capacity, minicomputers Personal computers come in different forms such as desktops, laptops and
lie in between mainframes and microcomputers. Minicomputers are also called mid- personal digital assistants (refer to Figure 3). Let us look at each of these types of
range systems or workstations. The term began to be popularly used in the 1960s to computers.
refer to relatively smaller third generation computers.
Desktops: A desktop is intended to be used on a single location. The spare
Servers: They are computers designed to provide services to client parts of a desktop computer are readily available at relatively lower costs. Power
machines in a computer network. They have larger storage capacities and powerful consumption is not as critical as that in laptops. Desktops are widely popular for daily
processors. Running on them are programs that serve client requests and allocate use in the workplace and households.
resources like memory and time to client machines. Usually they are very large in
size, as they have large processors and many hard drives. They are designed to be Laptops: Similar in operation to desktops, laptop computers are
fail-safe and resistant to crash. miniaturized and optimized for mobile use. Laptops run on a single battery or an
external adapter that charges the computer batteries.
Supercomputers: The highly calculation-intensive tasks can be effectively
performed by means of supercomputers. Quantum physics, mechanics, weather
forecasting, molecular theory are best studied by means of supercomputers. Their
ability of parallel processing and their well-designed memory hierarchy give the
supercomputers, large transaction processing powers.
Netbooks: They fall in the category of laptops, but are inexpensive and
relatively smaller in size. They had a smaller feature set and lesser capacities in
comparison to regular laptops, at the time they came into the market.
Microcomputers: A computer with a microprocessor and its central Personal Digital Assistants (PDAs): It is a handheld computer and
processing unit it is known as a microcomputer. They do not occupy space as much popularly known as a palmtop. It has a touch screen and a memory card for storage
as mainframes do. When supplemented with a keyboard and a mouse, of data. PDAs can also be used as portable audio players, web browsers and smart
microcomputers can be called personal computers. A monitor, a keyboard and other phones. Most of them can access the Internet by means of Bluetooth or Wi-Fi
similar input output devices, computer memory in the form of RAM and a power communication.
supply unit come packaged in a microcomputer. These computers can fit on desks or
tables and prove to be the best choice for single-user tasks. Tablet Computers: Tablets are mobile computers that are very handy to
use. They use the touch screen technology. Tablets come with an onscreen
keyboard or use a stylus or a digital pen. Apple's iPod redefined the class of tablet
computers.
Wearable Computers: A record-setting step in the evolution of computers

was the creation of wearable computers. These computers can be worn on the body
and are often used in the study of behavior modeling and human health. Military and
health professionals have incorporated wearable computers into their daily routine,
as a part of such studies. When the users' hands and sensory organs are engaged
in other activities, wearable computers are of great help in tracking human actions.
Wearable computers do not have to be turned on and off and remain in operation
without user intervention.
Activity No: 1
1. In your own definition, what is a computer?

2. What are the importance and uses of a computer?
3. How do computers help students?
Activity No. 2
Direction: Identify the type of computer being described in the following

sentences and write your answer on a separate sheet of paper
.
1. These are mobile computers that are very handy to use.
2. They are computers designed to provide services to client machines in a
computer network.
3. They are also called mid-range systems or workstations.
4. A computer with a microprocessor and its central processing unit. 5. They
fall in the category of laptops, but are inexpensive and relatively smaller in size.
6. A type of computer which is intended be used on a single location.
7. They use digital circuits and are designed to operate on two states,
namely bits 0 and 1.
8. Computers that have the capacities to host multiple operating systems
and operate as a number of virtual machines and can substitute for several small
servers.
9. It is a handheld computer and popularly known as a palmtop.
10. These computers can be worn on the body and are often used in the
study of behavior modeling and human heal

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MODULE

Quarter 1 (Week 1-2)

Hybrid Computers: These computers are a combination of both digital and

A computer is one of the most brilliant inventions of mankind. Thanks to the

Wearable Computers: A record-setting step in the evolution of computers

1. In your own definition, what is a computer?

Direction: Identify the type of computer being described in the following

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