Meeting4 Body Hygiene, Oral Hygiene

Patient body hygiene/ patient’s
toilet/ Oral hygiene

MSc Roksana Kaczmarczyk
Basic hygiene care includes:
• Care of bed linen
• Daily hand hygiene
• Morning and evening hygiene
• Full bath taken in the bathroom
• Full bath on the shower bed
• Full bath on the bed
• Teeth cleaning and oral care
• Special oral care
• Shaving
• Hygienic emptying
• Cleaning a soiled patient
• Prevention and treatment of intertrigo and pressure ulcers
• Cutting nails
• Hair care
Changing the patient's underwear
• The patient is dressed in their own nightwear or in hospital
nightwear.
• Less mobile patients wear the open back hospital gown which is put
on from the front and tied at the back.
• Linen must be clean, free of holes and a reasonable size, with all
laces and buttons.
• Patients unable to change into clean clothes are given assistance.
• Bed linen is changed as needed.
• Essence and goal:
 ensuring cleanliness and aesthetics
 letting patient feel better
 avoiding complications connected with prolonged immobilization
in bed (pneumonia, infections, nappy rush, blister, bedsores)
• Tasks and competences of nurse:

 Caring actions
 Independent planning and implementation
• Equipment:
 patient’s underwear (tray, bedside cabinet)
• Main rules:
 Changing underwear always, when it’s dirty, wet, ripped
 Hospital underwear
 Intimacy / privacy
 cotton
 Familiarize with the patient’s state, explain the goals, receive patient’s consent
/acceptance
 Hand washing and disinfection

• SCHEME:
1. Prepare underwear.
2. Loosen a blanket.
3. Help patient to bend the knees.
4. Ask patient to lift the buttocks, pull out top (shirt, nighty) from the buttocks, slide the pants /
trousers.
5. Fit on
6. Take of shirt (first – further sleeve, then – by the head, at the end – closer
sleeve) or first – limb without the cannula.
7. Fit on clean shirt (first – further sleeve, then – by the head, at the end –
closer sleeve) or first – limb with the cannula.
8. Smooth the shirt under the back.
9. Ask the patient to bend the knees and lift the buttocks – Smooth the shirt under the buttocks.
10. Fasten the buttons.clean pants.

Personal hygene
• Daily personal hygiene also includes skin care. A washed patient
with cleaned teeth, lying on a clean and freshly made bed feels
satisfied, which contributes to their good mental condition.
• If these habits are disturbed by something, and that person does not
feel well and is not in the mood then they can feel helpless.
This state of mind to some extent negatively affects the healing
process.
• Mobile patients look after their hygiene themselves. If the patient is not
completely self-sufficient, but is able to move, they are seated by the sink in
the bathroom with washcloths, towels, soap, teeth cleaning products and
clean clothes all within arms reach. If necessary, the patient is offered help
with washing their back, hair, nail treatment etc.
• Bedridden patients who are able to wash themselves have all they need
for their personal hygiene prepared within arms reach on their bedside
table. If necessary, the patient is offered help so that all their needs are met
as required.
Washing the patient in bed
 Essence and goal:
• ensuring cleanliness and aesthetics
• letting patient feel better

• avoiding complications connected with prolonged immobilization in bed
• Skin function improvement (circulation, exfoliating the skin – removal)
• Shaping higienic habits
 Tasks and competences of nurse:

• Caring actions / Independent planning and implementation
• Washing patient in bed is performed when the patient can’t go to the

bathroom or to the sink in patient’s room; patient is not able to wash himself
 Main rules:
• Asepsis and antisepis (uniform, hair, etc.)

• Temperature in the room - 18-22 st. C
• Water temperature - 45-50 st. C
• Close the windows
• Keeping bedlinen from inundiation
• Washing body parts from clean to dirty
• Change water always when it’s dirty, too soapy or too cold
• Change water before washing genital and anal area
Complications
• Pain when moving

• Exposure to cold
• Patient feels devalued
• Uncooperative patient
 SCHEME:
1. Wash your hands

2. Prepare the equipment
3. Say hello to the patient, introduce yourself, identify the patient – ID brancelet and ask
about the name and surname
4. Disinfect hands, wear gloves and apron

5. Ask patient about frame of mind, tell the essence, receive consent
6. Take the backed chair
7. Put the tray on the cabinet or take the trolley

8. Prepare the towels (bright and dark)
9. Place the bowl on the chair
10. Place the bedpan on another chair or on the bedside cabinet
11. Loose the blanket

12. Wash or help to wash the teeth
• Towel under the chin
• Dry / wipe the mouth
• Towel put on the chair or on bedside cabinet
13. Washing face, eyes and ears
• Help the patient to take off the top
• Towel under the patient’s head
• Washer to face (bright)
• Wash face, eyes and ears (first further than closer)
• Drying, wiping
14. Washing neck and chest
• When neck – towel under the neck
• When chest – make a cuff on the blanket
• Skin under the breasts!! (sore skin, rash)
• Washing and wiping
15. Upper limbs:

• First – further limb, towel between bedlinen and body
• Bowl on the towel when washing hand
• Hand - armpit – arm – forearm (if needed – finger nails)
• Second – closer limb – the same scheme
16. Abdomen
• Change the towel and washer (on darker)
• Make a cuff on the blanket
17. Back and buttocks

• Take off the pants
• Lay patient down on the left side (patient’s back towards you)
• Place the towel on the bedlinen
• Wash back and buttocks
• Dry the skin, use a specimen for putting and rubbing, use a balm
• Help the patient to lay down and wear a top
18. Lower limbs
• First – further limb, towel between bedlinen and body

• Bowl on the towel when washing foot (if needed – toenails)
• Foot - crus – thigh – groin
19. Washing genital and anal area

• Change the water and check the temperature
• Place the patient on bedpan

• Wear a washer on your or patient’s hand, pour crotch with water from the jug and wash
• Rinse crotch with water

• Help the patient to wash his hands
• Take the bedpanSecond – closer limb – the same scheme

20. Make up the bed
21. Brush/comb patient’s hair
22. Organize space around the bed/patient’s area
23. Take off apron and gloves, waste segregation
24. Hand disinfection
25. Organize the equipment
26. Wash and disinfect your hands
27. Remember about documentation
Oral hygene
• Mobile patients perform dental and oral care themselves.
• This also applies to bedridden patients who can still manage this
procedure.
• Dental and oral care is administered to immobile patients.
In addition to the aids described, a drinking straw must be also
prepared.
Oral hygene
1. The bed is lifted to support the head and the bed the linen is covered with a towel.
2. The patient rinses their mouth using the drinking straw, spitting out into the kidney
bowl.
3. The teeth are brushed using toothbrush and toothpaste, starting with the top teeth from
the gums down and the bottomteeth from the gums up, and from the back teeth to the
front teeth. The occlusion areas are brushed with gentle circular movements. The inner
sides are brushed from the gums downwards and upwards.
4. The patient rinses their mouth if necessary.
5. If the patient is unable to sit up, the oral hygiene is administered in the supine position
with the patient's head turned to the side.
6. In casevthat the patient has dentures, special care must be given to the oral hygiene as
dentures suppress the natural micro flora in the mouth.
Oral hygene
• Dentures are carefully removed from the mouth using gauze square
(wearing protective gloves) and placed in a kidney bowl. The dentures are
washed with a toothbrush and toothpaste under running water. The patient
rinses and the dentures are put back in their mouth.
• Clean dentures are put into a special container for the night. The denture
cleaning product, (depending on the type of dentures), is also put into the
container. The dentures are put back into the mouth in the morning, after
washing
Oral hygene
Special oral care
• Patients with febrile illnesses, after a stroke, with paralysis of the
facial nerve, after surgery, after injury, or unconscious and dying
patients suffer from an accumulation of mucus in their mouth and
coated mucous membrane.
• A patient can breathe in the accumulated mucus and the mucous
membrane coatings cause bad breath.
• Defects on the tongue make sucking and hewing difficult. Oral
hygiene must be administered as required, several times per day.
Aids
• Small sterile swabs in sterile packaging;
• Oral care product, for example Octenidol;
• Dry cotton buds;
• Container with lukewarm solution (decoction of chamomile,
agrimony, boroglycerin, a special solution prepared by the
pharmacy, etc.);
• Cotton buds soaked in Borax Glycerine, lip balm;
• Drinking straw, a glass of water;
• 2 kidney bowls
• Towel
• SCHEME:
1. Washing and disinfection of hands;

2. The patient is informed during the procedure of the next steps;
3. The patient's bed is lifted to support the head or the patient lies comfortably;
4. Accumulated saliva and mucus can be sucked out using a pump/vacuum suction;
5. The tongue is cleaned using moist swabs from the back to the tip;
6. The mouth palate is cleaned from front to back and the cavity from the back teeth to
7. the front;
8. Swabs are replaced as necessary; they are removed from the sterile
9. Small swabs or moist cotton buds are used to clean all both sides of the teeth;
10. Used cotton buds are put into the kidney bowl;
11. If possible, the patient is offered a rinse during the procedure, while spitting into the
kidney bowl;
12. The tongue is treated with a cotton bud dipped in Borax Glycerine;
13. The lips can be treated with a lip balm.
Thank you for today 

Meeting4 Body Hygiene, Oral Hygiene

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

Meeting4 Body Hygiene, Oral Hygiene

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Title

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Meeting4 Body Hygiene, Oral Hygiene

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

Patient body hygiene/ patient’s

toilet/ Oral hygiene

• Daily hand hygiene

• Morning and evening hygiene

• Full bath taken in the bathroom

• Full bath on the shower bed

• Full bath on the bed

• Teeth cleaning and oral care

• Special oral care

• Cleaning a soiled patient

• Prevention and treatment of intertrigo and pressure ulcers

• Tasks and competences of nurse:

 patient’s underwear (tray, bedside cabinet)

 Changing underwear always, when it’s dirty, wet, ripped

 Hand washing and disinfection

3. Help patient to bend the knees.

sleeve) or first – limb without the cannula.

closer sleeve) or first – limb with the cannula.

8. Smooth the shirt under the back.

10. Fasten the buttons.clean pants.

• letting patient feel better

• Shaping higienic habits

 Tasks and competences of nurse:

• Washing patient in bed is performed when the patient can’t go to the

• Asepsis and antisepis (uniform, hair, etc.)

• Pain when moving

1. Wash your hands

4. Disinfect hands, wear gloves and apron

7. Put the tray on the cabinet or take the trolley

10. Place the bedpan on another chair or on the bedside cabinet

11. Loose the blanket

15. Upper limbs:

17. Back and buttocks

• First – further limb, towel between bedlinen and body

19. Washing genital and anal area

• Place the patient on bedpan

• Rinse crotch with water

• Take the bedpanSecond – closer limb – the same scheme

4. The patient rinses their mouth if necessary.

1. Washing and disinfection of hands;

You might also like