THE WA T E R C O LO U RS OF

J . M W T U RN ER
. .

TE ! T BY

W . G . R AW L I N S ON
A ND A J . . F I NBE RG

F O RE W O RD BY

SI R C H A R L E S H OL R O Y D ,
R E
. .

M CM I!
’
O F F I C ES O F T H E S T U D I O ‘

L O N D O N PA R I S A N D N E W Y O R K
,
PR E FATO R Y N OTE .

T m; E d i t o r d es i re s t o a c k n o wl e dg e h i s i nd e b t e dn es s t o t h e fo ll o w i ng
c oll e ct o rs of T u r n e r s w at e r c o l o u rs w ho h a v e k i nd l y l e nt th e i r
’
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d r a w i ngs fo r r e p ro duc t i o n i n th i s v o l u m e — M r C M or l a nd A gn e w
.
,

S i r H i c k m an B a c o n B a r t M r R a lp h B r oc kl e b a n k Re v W i ll i a m
.

. . .
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M a c G re g o r M r W G R a wl i nson M r
, . . . . F S ch w an n a n d
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M r W Ya te s
,

. . .

T h e E d i t o r w i sh e s e s p e c i a ll y t o e x p r ess h i s th an k s t o M r W G . . .

R a wl i nson w h o i n a dd i t i o n to a llo w i ng s e v e ra l e x a m ples fr o m h i s

, ,

co ll e c t i o n t o b e r e p ro duc e d h as re nd e re d v al u a bl e a ss i stanc e i n
,

v ari ous oth e r wa ys i n t h e p r ep arat i o n of th i s v o l u m e .

iii
A R T I CL ES .

A F or ew ord b y S i r C h a rl es H o l royd R E , . .

Th e W at e r C o l o ur D r a w i ngs o f J M W
-
. . Tu rn e r R A
B y W G R a wl i ns o n
. . .
,

. .

Th e T urn e r D ra w i ngs i n t he N at i onal G all e ry , L ondon .

By A .
J
F i n b e rg
.

L IST O F I LLUSTR AT IO N S .

P l at
e I Th A ch b i sh p s P al c L m b th F ro m
. e r o
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a e, a e . th e
C o ll e ct i on o f W G . R a wl i ns n E q
. o , s .

II . Th e M ou th o f the A v n F r m t h C o ll
o . o e e ct i on
of W G R a wl i ns n E q
. . o ,
s .

III . P t b ough C ath d l f o m h N o th

e er or F ro m e ra r t e r .

th C oll ct i n f W G R a wl i nson E q
e e o o . .
, s .

IV . Th e P n D v e F m t h C ll ct i o n of
t, o er . ro e o e

W G R a wl i ns n E q
. . o ,
s .

V . D i tant V i w f Li h fi ld C ath d a l
s e F ro m t h
o c e e r . e

C ll ct i n f W G R a wl i nso n E q
o e o o . .
, s .

VI E d i n b u rgh f m S t M arga t s Lo ch I n h ’
: ro . re . t e

N at i on a l G ll ry L ndon
.

a e ,
o .

V II S ton h ng —S n t
e e F r m h C ll ct i on of
e u se . o t e o e

W G R a wl i nso n E q
.

. .
,
s .

V III . S c b ro ugh
ar o F m h C ll ct i on of C M o l nd
. ro t e o e . r a

A gn w E q e ,
s .

IX . L u lw th C v or F r m h C ll ct i on f W G
o e . o t e o e o . .

R a wl i nso E q n , s .

G o ar h d K at C as l
a u se n a n F ro m h C o ll ct i on z t e . t e e

o f W G R a wl i n on E q . . s , s .

XI Th e L k of N m i
a F m h C o ll ct i n f
e e . ro t e e o o

C M l nd A gn w E q
.

. or a e ,
s .

X II T ur i n f o m h C hu ch of th S p ga
: r t Fr m e r e u er . o

h C ll c i n f C M o l and A gn w E q
. ,

t e o e t o o . r e , s .

V
 L IST IL LUST RAT IONS
OF .

! III Th e roo C k f t h e L un e
o ro . F m t h C o ll ct i on e e

ll
.

o f Re v . W i i a m M a c G re g or .

! IV .
N or h am C a st l e . In the N a t i o n al G all e ry ,
Lo n
d on .

L a u nc e st o n ro m . F th e C ll o e ct i o n of J F . .

w
S ch a n n , E sq .

! VI B a r n ar d C stl a e . F r om th e C o ll e ct i o n of W G . .

R wl i n
.

a so n ,
E sq .

X V II On th e La k e at P e t o r th w —E ve n i ng . In th e
N t i on al G a ll
.

a er y , L ondon .

Cow es Fr om t h e C oll e ct i on of W Y ates E sq

. .
, .

V e n i c e : Th e S a l ut e fr o m S G i or g i o M agg i or e . .

I n t h e N at i o n a l G all ery London , .

V e n i c e : C asa G ri m a n i and t h e R i al to I n th e .

N a ti on a l G allery L o ndon , .

L uc e r n e I n t h e N at i on a l Ga ll e ry L ondon
.
, .

A S wi ss L a k e F r om t h e C oll e cti on of Si r .

H i c k m a n B a con B a rt , .

XX III . B e ll i n z on a : fr o m t h e S o u th I n t h e N at i ona l .

Ga ll e ry L ondon , .

XX I V . B e ll i n zo na : fr o m t h e r oa d t o L o carno I n th e .

N ati o na l G all e ry L o ndo n , .

! ! V . L a u s a nn e : fr o m L e S i gn a l F ro m t h e C o ll e cti on .

of W G R a wl i ns o n E sq
. .
, .

L a us a nn e . t i o n a l G a ll e r y L ondon
In th e N a , .

Z u r i ch I n t h e N a t i o na l G a ll er y L o n don
.
, .

Th e S eel i s b e r g : M o o n l i gh t F rom t h e C o ll ect i on .

of W G R a wl i nson E sq
. .
,
.

X! I! . S ch afi h a u se n : Th e T o w n
’

F r o m t h e C o ll e ct i on
o f R a lp h B r oc kl e b a n k
.

E sq ,
.

Te ll s C h a p e l F lu ele n Fr om t h e C olle ct i o n of
’
XXX .

W G R a wl i ns o n E sq
.
,

. . .
,
 A F O R E W O R D BY S I R C H A R L E S H OL R O Y D ,
R E
. .

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.

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2
Th i s cu r i ous b e au ty o f th e i rs w as o ft e n o b t a i n e d as i t a pp e ars t o
,

m e b y a l t e ra t i o ns i n t h e surfa c e o f t h e p a p e r an d b y co l ou r l e ft i n
,

t h e g r a i n of t h e p a p e r aft e r w as h i ng o u t o r r u bb i ng d o w n a ton e
— i t a l t e rs w h e n t h e l i gh t i ng o f t h e d ra w i ng is a l t e re d and i ts ,

ch ang e a bl e n e ss i s p a r t of i t s b e au t y .

I sh o u l d l i k e t o se e r e p roduct i o ns of t h e s k e t ch b oo k s m ad e p age
b y p ag e an d b o und i n si m i l ar b i nd i ngs t o t h e o ri g i n a ls w h e re t h es e
,

e x i st . M r F i n be rg has l at e l y p u t so m e o f th e s e b o o k s t o g e t h e r
.

aga i n — so m e dr a w i ngs ha v i ng b ee n re m ov e d fro m t h e b o o k s fo r

e xh i b i t i o n — fo r p u rp o s e s of t h e v e ry us e fu l i n v e nto ry of o u r T u r n e r

dra w i ngs that h e i s so care fu ll y m a k i ng fo r t h e T r ust ee s o f t h e

N a t i o na l G a lle ry Th e b oo k s are m u ch m o r e i n t e re st i ng w h e n see n
.

tog e th e r I re m e m b e r o n e w h i ch T urn e r h ad w i t h h i m i n t h e L a k e
.

D i st ri c t and you c o u l d t r ac e h i s i t i n e r a ry b y tu r n i ng o v e r t h e p a g e s
H e e v i d e n t l y l e ft K e s w i c k i n t h e m o r n i ng a n d d re w t w o o r th re e
.

v i e ws o f Lodo re and t h e e n d of t h e La k e of D er we n t w a t e r t h e h i ll s ,

g e tt i ng b i gg e r a s h e c o m es n e a re r to th e m ; fa m i l i ar v i e w s o f C as t le
C ragg a n d t h e r i v e r c o m e n e xt and t o m e so m e m o st i n t e rest i ng
,

v i e w s o f th at w i d e s r ea d i ng m o u nta i n G la ra m a ra so m e of t h e m fro m
-

unfa m i l i ar p o i nts o v i e w b ut I w as a bl e t o re c o gn i s e th e m b e c a u s e
,

I h av e s t ay e d for a m on t h a t a t i m e i n fa rm h o us’ es o n t h e l o w e r s l o pes ,

and I h a v e e x pl o re d th at b ea ut i fu l m o u n t a i n s i n m os t c a v e s A ft e r .

th i s H o n i st e r C ra g and B u t t e r m e re a pp e a r i n d u e cou rs e Ho w
.

i n t e r e st i ng i t w ou l d b e t o h a v e re p roduct i o ns o f such b o o k s a n d
fo ll o w t h e t r ac k o f t h e m ast e r p ag e b y p ag e H o w w e sh o u l d l e a r n
.

t o k n o w h i m a n d to se e fa m i l i a r sc e n e s w i t h h i s e ye W e sh o u l d fi nd
.

th a t e xagg e rat i o n w as no t t h e ch a r ac t e r o f h i s l andsc ap e d ra w i ng ,

w h e n h e w as w o rk i ng fro m n a tu re b u t i ns i gh t i n t o t h e fo rm s H i s
, .

e ff e cts o f e xtr a h e i gh t c an g e n e ra ll y b e g o t b y s i tt i ng lo w on t h e

g round o r e v e n r i gh t i n a d i tch F ro m h i s d ra w i n gs fro m th os e

.
,

i n th i s b o o k o f re p ro d uct i o ns w e l e a r n a gai n a fo rgo t t e n t r u t h

, Fi n e .

dr a w i ng for m i s t h e e ss e n t i a l i n o u r a r t g re a t a n d n o bl e co l o u r i s t
,

a s T urn e r w as w e h a v e h a d o th e r fi n e c o l o u r i s t s i n t h e B r i t i sh sch oo l
,

of w a t e r c o l o ur p a i n t i ng b u t i t i s j us t i n h i s d r a w i ng and h i s s e ns e
-

of t h e b e au ty a n d s i gn i fi canc e o f l i n e that h e i s su p re m e A s
,

T i t i a n i n V e n i c e e xc e ll e d t h e gr e a t c o l o u ri sts o f h i s t i m e s u ch as
,

Bo n i fa z i o and P a r i s Bo rdon e so b y h i s d ra w i ng and s e ns e o f fo r m

,

T u r n e r e xc e ll e d as a draugh ts m a n e v e n m o r e th a n a s a c o l ou ri st .

C H AR L E S H O L R O Y D .
 TH E WA T E R C OLO U R D R AW I N G S O F J M W - . . .

TU RNE R R A BY W G R AW L I NS ON
,
. . . . .

a k e Tu r n er s w
t c ol o u r d ra w i ngs so p rofo u nd l y
s ’
a e r-

i n t erest i ng— a p a r t from th e i r e xt rao r d i n a ry a n d e ndu ri n g

a tt ra ct i v e n e ss— i s t h e fa ct th a t i n th e m l i e s b e fo r e y o u ,

pl ai n l y v i s i bl e t h e w h o l e c o u rse an d d e v e l o p m e nt of h i s a rt A nd t h e .

c o n t i n u o usn e ss a n d r e g u l a ri ty o f th a t d ev e l o p m e n t a r e r e m ar k a bl e
,

Th e re a re n o p a u ses n o g a p s h a r d l y a t a bl e l a n d o n l y on e st e a dy -
,

c o nt i n u e d p rog re ss N o m a tt e r h ow h i gh a p oi n t h e re a ch e d h e
, ,

. ,

w as n e v er c o n t e nt to r e st th e re b u t w as a lw a ys p r e ss i n g o n w ar d ,

t o fr esh a ch i e v e m e n t t ry i n g n e w eff e c t s ch a ll e ng i ng n e w d i ffi
, ,

c u lt i e s e v e n d o w n t o t h e l a st y e ar s of h i s l i fe T o a nyon e fa m i l i a r .

wi th h i s w or k i n wa ter c o l ou r i t i s g e n er a ll y e asy t o d a t e h i s
-
,

dr aw i ngs w i t h i n a y e a r o r t w o .

N 0 d o u b t t h e g r ow th o f h i s ar t can a l s o b e t ra c e d i n h i s o i l
p i ct u re s b u t wi th s om e i m p or t a n t d i ff e ren c es I n th e m e v e n u p
,
.
,

t o m i dd l e l i fe h e w a s c o n st a n t l y and st r ong l y i nfl u e nc e d b y t h e
,

w ork of o th er p ai nt ers w h o m h e w as o ft e n consc i o u sl y o r u n con

sc i ou sl ri v a ll i n g F i r st R i ch ar d W i l so n th e n V a n d e V e l d e an d
y .
,

B a k h uys e n a ft er w ar ds G a s p ar P o u ss i n C l a u d e C uy p R e m b ra ndt , , ,

As a
, ,

Ti t i a n a n d o th e r s all i n t u rn h a d th e i r e ff e ct o n h i m
,
.

re su l t o f th i s r i v a l r y h i s o i l p i ctu r e s w e r e l e ss s p o n t a n e o u s l e ss
, ,

si n c ere th a n h i s w a t e r c ol o u rs H i s l a c k o f e d u cat i o n al s o u n fi t t e d
-
.

h i m t o b e t h e p a i nt e r o f t h e c l ass i ca l a n d s a c re d su bj e cts i n w h i ch
h e a tt e m p t e d t o co m p e t e w i th t h e o ld m ast e r s N o d o u b t th e r e .

w e re b ri lli a nt e xce p t i o ns— su ch fo r e x a m pl e a s M er cury a n d H em e , , ,

Ub rrer der i d zng P o/yp fi ema r and o th e r s b ut I th i n k R us k i n w a s

'

/
,

j u sti fi e d i n c all i ng m a n y o f th e m n o n se ns e p i ctu re s M o r e o v e r

,

.
,

i n h i s o i l p a i n t i ngs T u rn e r w as c o nst a nt l y e x p e r i m e n t i ng — n o t
a lw a ys su cc e ssfu ll y— b o th w i th h i s m a t e r i a l s an d h i s m e th o d s and
,

a s a c on se q u e nc e m a ny e s p e c i a ll y th ose of h i s l a t e r y e ar s h a v e
g re a t l y s u ffe re d w i th t i m e
, , ,

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-
,

e x p e r i m e nt , h e w as s i m pl y an d a lw a ys h i m se l f— h e w as T u r n e r
[ P 3 0 1 S a n d b y J o h n C oz e n s M al t o n
.

, H e ar n e D e L o u t h e r b ou rg a n d
,

o t h e rs o f t h e o l d e r w a t e r c o l o u r p a i n t e r s a ll h a d th e i r i nflu e nc e on
, , ,

h m b u t i n n o c a s e d i d i t l ast l o ng
,

T h e t w o m e n w h o a ff e ct e d
i ,

h i m m o st w e r e C o z e ns a n d G i r t i n h i s fr i e n d a n d fe ll o w s t u d e nt
.

o f w h o m m or e w i ll b e s a i d h e r e a ft e r B u t b y 1 8 0 0 or at t h e
, ,

l a t est 1 8 0 2 Tu r n e r h ad p asse d all h i s c o nt e m p o rari es a n d st ood

.
,

al o n e t h e a c k n o wl e dg e d h e a d of t h e E ng l i sh sch oo l o f w a t e r c o l o u r
,

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p ai nt i n g w h i ch i n t h e fi rst h al f of t h e n i n e tee nth c e ntu r y w as t o

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re a ch l t S z e n i t h B e fo r e a tt e m p t i ng t o t r a c e t h e c o u r s e o f h i s a r t
.

4
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ll pp
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l b vl l b b
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y P au S a nd y , R A . .

A b w lv pl
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.

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.

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d ra ugh ts m ansh i pw bl l b w k
h i ch i s n o t i c e a e i n h i s e a r i e st e xh i i t e d or s
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l l l l
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i n t h e West F r on t of P eter bor oug /z a thedr a l, h i ch h e e xh i i t e d a t

the R lA o ya l l v
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.

p re s e nt e d p vl l l l
co m a r at i e y i t t e d i ffi cu ty t o h i m fro m t h e fi rst ;
w p bl l
o i ng o ss i y to e a r y stud i e s at B re n t fo rd a n d M a rg a t e , a t o t h 0 1b
w pl
h i ch ac es h e w as a t sch o o l wv
V e r y fe w , h o e e r , o f h i s q u i t e
w — — v
.

b o y i sh d ra i ngs b vv
I re fe r to thos e e fo r e 1 7 9 0 h a e su r i e d , a n d
l p p w k
th ose fe w a re m o s t y c o i e s o f ri n t s o r o f or s o f o t h e r a r t i s t s .

’
O k
O n e , F ol/y B r i dg e a n d B a con s Tow er , xf or d ( t a e n fr o m t h e h e a d i ng
O
of a n xfo r d Al k
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N o 6 1 3 no h ip m s ss i n A R d id I — the
( a t e r n
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— p bl
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l w kb k w l
.

e ar i e st d a t e d o r y h i m ( 1 7 8 6 ) n o n t o m e i s o ss i y o ri g i n a ,
b p b bl p
u t m o re ro a y c o i e d fro m a d ra w i n g y M b A R k ARA. . oo e r , . . .

F ’
bl v
r o m t h e a r ch i t e ct s o ffi c e , a t t h e i ns t i g a t i o n i t i s e i e ed of
Mr H ar d w i c k h i m s e l f T u rn e r i n 1 8
7 9 b e c a m e a stud e nt a t t h e

R oy a’l A cad em y a n d m ay b e sai d t o h av e defin i t el y t a k e n u p a n

. ,

I n t h e fo ll o w i n g y e ar 1 7 9 0 h e s e nt h i s fi rst d ra w i ng
,

a r t i st s c a r e e r , ,

t o t h e R o y a l A c a d e m y E xh i b i t i o n th e n h e l d i n S o m er s e t H o us e
.

et n r e p ro duc e d
,

Th i s w as t h e Vi ew o f M e P a la ce L a mo , ,

h e re ( P l a t e F or t h e w o r k of a b o y o f fift ee n t h e g o o d a r ch i ,

t e c t u r al d ra w i n g t h e a d m i r a bl e re nd e r i ng o f r e fl e ct e d l i gh t on t h e
h o u se s t h e c are fu l t rea t m e n t o f t h e figu re s ( t h e c ostu m e s ar e qu i t e
,

and st i ll m or e t h e e ff e ct i v e n e ss o f t h e co m p o si t i o n
,

c or r e ct fo r ,

ar e re m a r k a bl e Th ere i s h o w e v e r n o t h i ng or i g i n a l i n t h e sty l e
.
, , ,

w h i ch i s s i m pl y th a t ’of M al t o n an d S a nd by .

To t h e n e xt y e a r s e xh i b i t i on ( 1 7 9 1 ) h e s e n t t w o d r a w i ngs o n e ,

o f w h i ch The I n ter i or o f K i n
g y
’
o/ mr P a la ce E lf /2a m i s a s t r i k i ng , ,

w or k of g rea t ori gi n al i ty No t o n l y h as i t t h e s o und a r ch i te ctu r al

,

d ra ugh ts m a n sh i p b e fore a ll ud e d t o b u t i n i ts st r ong c/zia r orcur o i ts

,

, ,

r e nd er i ng o f su n l i gh t b re a k i ng th rough t h e r u i n e d w i nd o w s and
li gh t i ng t h e g lo o m i ts s en se of p oe tr y and m yst er y i t w o u l d b e
, ,

c re d i t a bl e t o a n y a r t i st of m a t u re ag e .

A cu ri ou s p h ase i n T u r n e r s w or k of t h e n e xt y e ar— 1 7 9 2
’

m er i ts n o t i c e I n fl u e n c e d p r o b a bl y b y t h e p i ctu re s of D e L o u th e r
.

b ou rg a Fre nch p ai nt e r w h o h ad se tt l e d i n E ng l a nd a n d h ad b e e n
, ,

m a d e a n R A T urn e r fo r a fe w m onths e n t i r e l y chang e d h i s sch e m e

. .
, ,

o f c o l o u r a d o p t i n g a c u r i o us r a n g e of gr e y i sh and p ur pl i sh b ro w ns
,

a s h i s p r e v a i l i ng t o n e i n pl a c e of t h e p a l e g r e ys bl u e s an d n e ut r a l
, , ,

t i nts w h i ch i n c om m o n w i t h t h e o th e r w a t e r c o l o u r p a i nt e rs of t h e
, ,
-

p eri od h e h ad h i th ert o em plo y e d I n th i s sty l e are s ev e ral d ra w i ngs

, .

o f R i ch m o n d P ar k o n e o r t w o o f a fi re a t t h e P a nth e o n
, and m any ,

o f t h e b ea u t i fu l sc e n e r y on t h e d o w ns b e yon d B r i st o l w h e r e du r i ng

h i s e ar l y l i fe h e o ft e n stay e d w i th r e l a t i v e s
, ,

, O n e T/ze M on t/z of ti l e .
,

A v on i s re p roduc e d h e r e ( P l at e
'
, I n n e a rl y all t h e Bri st ol
d r a w i ngs on e s p e c i al fe a t u r e i s n o t i c ea bl e T u r n e r h a d e v i d e nt l y .

b e e n st r uc k b y t h e u nu su al sp e ct ac l e of t h e m asts a n d s ai ls of t h e
t a ll E ast I nd i a m e n w h i ch w e re d ai l y t o b e s ee n i n fu ll sa i l und e r
-
,

t h e th i c k w o o d s o f t h e C l i ft on d o w ns b e a t i ng t h e i r w ay u p t h e

n arro w g o rg e o f t h e A v o n t o t h e p or t o f B ri st o l
,

Tu r n er c o nt i n u e d t o e xh i b i t a t t h e R o y a l A cad e m y i n 1
.

79 3
and 1 7 9 4 H e sol d h i s d ra w i ngs r e a d i l y an d a l th o ugh I c a nn o t
.

d 1 sc ov e r any p u bl i c re fe r e nc e s t o h i s w o r k b e fo r e 1
, ,

7 9 6 h e m u st
v v
,

a c o m m i ss i o n — h i s
h —a e a t t r a ct e d n o t i c e as i n 1
79 3 h e r e c e i, e d
fi rst for d ra w i ngs f or e ng ra v i n g Th e C o pp e r— pl at e M ag az i n e
.

a ft e r w a r d s k n o w n a s “ Th e I t i n e r a nt a s o n e of m any se r i a l s
(
”
) w
th e n i n v o gu e w h i ch w ere i ll u st ra t e d b y t h e w a t e r c o l o u r p a i nt e rs -

d r aft sm en t h e y w e re us u all y c a ll e d — a n d i n o n e of i t s fi v e v o l u m es
h e 1 8 all u d e d t o a s t h e i ng e n i o u s M r T u r n e r H e i s sa i d t o ha v e . .
”

6
 b ee n p a i d t w o gu i n e as ap i e c e fo r t h ese d ra w i ngs w i t h a v e r y
s m a ll a ll o w a nc e fo r t rav ell i ng e x p e ns e s i t b e i ng s t i p u l a t e d t h at ev e ry
,

su bj e c t shou l d b e d ra w n o n t h e s p ot W i t h h i s sl e nd e r w ard ro b e .

and h i s p a i n t i ng m at e r i al s on h i s b ac k ca rry i ng usua ll y a ls o h i s fi sh i n g

,

rod h e t ra m p e d t h e c o un t ry ; h e fo und h i s w ay i n t o K e n t a c ross

,

W a l es t h ro ugh S h r o p sh i re a n d C h esh i re o n to C u m b e rl a nd and

,

, ,

r e tu r n e d b y t h e M i d l a nd s A re p rodu c t i o n o f o n e o f t h e C o pp e r
,

pl a t e M ag az i n e d r a w i ngs—P eter oor oug /z Ca t/redr a /f r om tfie Nor t/z

.

w i ll b e fo und h e re ( P l a t e A l t h o ugh o n a s m all sc al e i t i s

ty pi c a l of h i s w o r k of th i s p e ri o d an d i t sho w s t h e st r o ng i n flu
,

e nc e on h i m of h i s c o n t e m p o ra r i e s R o ok e r H e a rn e an d D ay es ;
, ,

A s t he
,

e t th e r e i s a lw a ys a d e c i d e d i nd i v i du a l i t y of h i s o w n
y
l t M r C o s m o M on k h o us e h as w e ll re m a rk e d of th ese ea rl y
.

‘
a e .

dra w i ngs
Th e g re a t fa ct i n co m p ar i n g T u rn e r and t h e o t h e r w a t e r
c ol ou r p a i nt e rs o f h i s o w n t i m e i s th i s t h a t w h i l e e a ch o f ,

t h e b e st of t h e o th e r s i s r e m a r k a bl e fo r o n e o r t w o s p e c i a l
b e au t i e s of sty l e o r e fle c t h e i s r e m a rk a bl e fo r all H e
,

c o u l d r e ach n e a r i f n ot qu i t e t o t h e g o l d e n s i m pl i c i t y o f
.

, ,

G i r t i n t o t h e s i lv e r s w e e tn e ss o f C o z e ns ; h e co u l d d r a w tr e es
,

w i th t h e d e l i c a t e d e x t e r i t y o f E d r i dg e a n d e qua l t h e b e au t i fu l ,

d i st a nc e s o f G l o v e r H e w as n o t o n l y t e ch n i ca ll y
t h e e qu a l i f n o t t h e m a st e r of th e m a ll b u t h e c o m p re h e nd e d
, ,

t h e m a l m o st w i t h o u t e xc e p t i o n
, .

A bo u t t h i s t i m e T u r n e r h a d t h e g o od fo r tun e t o a tt rac t
th e n ot i ce of D r M on r o t h e l e a d i ng P hys i c i an o f Be t h l e h e m
.

H os p i t a l w h o h a d a h ous e i n t h e A d e lp h i and a n o th e r a t B ush e y

,

, ,

H e w a s a w ell k n o w n l o v e r a n d p a t ro n o f w a t e r co l ou r a r t a n d
.

- -
,

w as i n t h e h a b i t o f i n v i t i n g p ro m i s i ng y o u ng s t u d e n t s i nc l ud i n g ,

T u r n e r G i r t i n V ar l e y a n d o t h e r aft e rw a r ds w e ll k n o w n a r t i s t s
, , ,
-

to h i s h o u se w h e re t h e y w e re g i v e n d r aw i ngs b y R e m b r a nd t
,

C a na l e t t o G a i ns b o r ou gh an d o t h e r d e c ea se d m ast e rs t o s t udy an d
,

, ,

co p y ; e s p e c i a ll y al s o s o m e re c e n t s k e t ch e s b y J oh n C o ze ns o n e
,

of t h e m o st p oe t i ca l o f E ng l i sh p a i n t e rs w h o h ad j us t re tu r n e d fro m ,

a n d S w i t z e rl a nd w h e re h e h ad acc o m p a n i e d t h e m i ll i o n a i re
,

ford Th e i nflu e nc e of C o z e ns o n T u r n e r w a s m a rk e d a n d
.

i m m e d i a t e and t h e l a t t e r m ust h a v e m a d e a v e r l a r g e n u m b e r o f
t r ansc r i p t s of t h e e l d e r p a i n t e r s w o rk s ; i n ge t a ll t h e v e ry
,
’
,

nu m e r o us e a rl y dr aw i ngs of I t al i a n and S w i ss su bj e cts b y T u r n e r

i n I nd i a n i n k a n d bl u e w h i ch a re so fre qu e nt l y t o b e m e t w i t h a re
co p i e s fr o m C o z e ns as T u rn e r d i d not v i si t t h e C o n t i n e n t u n t i l
, ,

Bi ogra p h i es o f th e G r ea t A r t i st s — J M W T ur n e r R A Sa m pso n
O f th e m an y bi ograph ies o f Tu r n e r th i s al th o ug h
. . .
.
, .
,

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sli g h t gi v e s p ro bably th e bes t an d tr u e st vi ew o f h im an d hi s wor k
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7
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et ,av e b e f
aso r e r e m I a rke d a ll sh o w a c e r t a i n t r ans ,

fo r m a t i o n i n p ass i ng th r o ugh h i s h a nds D r M o n ro g av e t h e l a ds . .

h a l f a—
- c ro w n a n i gh t an d th ei r s u pp e r a n d k e p t th e i r d ra w i ngs ,
.

Th e t r a i n i ng w as a n a d m i ra bl e o n e f or th e m an d w h en t h e ,

d o cto r s c o ll e ct i o n w as d i sp e r s e d a t h i s d e a th i t d i d n o t p ro v e a b a d
’
,

i n v e st m e nt so f a r as h e w as c o nc e r n e d M r H e nde rso n a n o th e r . .
,

c o ll e ct o r an d a m a t eu r a rt i st a ff ord e d T u rn e r an d h i s c o m p a n i o ns
s i m i l ar opp o r t u n i t i es o f stud yi ng a n d c op y i ng t h e w o r k s o f o l d e r
,

p ai n t e rs
Fr om 1 7 9 3 t o 1 7 9 6 Tu rn e r s a d v an c e i n p o w e r w as s t e ady
.

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.

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r u i n e d a bb e ys v i ll a g e ch u r ch e s c o u n t r y t o w ns
,
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, ,

s t r e a m s— t h e l att er g e n er all y w i th a b ri dg e and a lw a ys’ w i t h a n

a ng l e r H e w a s h i m se l f a k e e n fi s h e r m a n a n d h i s a ng l e r s a t t i t u d e s
.
,

a r e a lw a ys c a r e fu ll y d ra w n an d a t o n c e re c o gn i s a bl e O cc as i o n a ll y .

so m e s t r i k i n g a t m o s p h e r i c e ff e ct s e e n p r o b a bl y on t h e s p o t i s
, ,

i n t r o duc e d S o m e t i m e s t h e p i ct u r e i s st ri k i ng l y e nhanc e d b y t h e
.

pl ay o f s u n l i gh t o cc a s i on all y b y b ol d l y t rea t e d c/zi a r oscu r o Th e

, .

a r ch i t e ct u r e i s i n v a r i a bl y d ra w n w i th a ccu ra cy an d t a s t e b o th ,

as re g a r ds p e rs p e c t i v e and d e t a i l H i s c o l o u ri ng w as a d ai nty.

h a r m o n y o f b r o k e n t i nts i n p al e bl u e s g re e n s b ro w ns a n d n e u t r a l , , ,

g re ys M a ny g o o d d r a wi n gs o f th i s t i m e a r e i n p ri v at e c o ll e ct i o ns
.

a n d t h e P r i nt R oo m o f t h e B ri t i s h
,

M u s e u m c o nt a i ns so m e fi n e
e xa m pl e s w h i ch h a v e b e e n p res er ve d fr om l i gh t and a re co n se
q u e n t l y i n p e r fe ct u nfad e d cond i t i o n — no t a bl y L i n coln a n d Wor cester
,

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.

d r a w n b y h i m b e t w ee n 1 7 9 3 a n d 1 7 9 6 i nc l u d i ng i n a dd i t i o n t o
t h e t w o j u st na m e d C an t e r b u ry E ly P e t e r b o r o u gh R och est e r
, ,

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, , , ,

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, , ,

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a bb e ys t o g e t h e r w i t h c ast l es i nn u m e ra bl e— a ll i n t h e d e l i c a t e “ t i n t e d
,

H e a l s o m ad e a l ar g e n u m b e r o f stud i es o f b o a ts a n d
,
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m a nn e r .

s h i pp i ng a t D o v e r o n e o f w h i ch i s r e p r o duc e d h e r e l ate
,
( P
I t w as p r o b a bl y th e r e a n d a t M a r g a t e th at h e l a i d t h e fo u nd a t i o n
o f t h e e x t rao r d i n a r i l y a cc u r a t e k n o wl e dg e o f e v e r yth i ng c o nn e ct e d

w i t h t h e se a an d sh i pp i ng w h i ch d i st i ngu i sh e d h i m all h i s l i fe
H i s w o r k s of th i s e a r l y p e r i o d are us u a ll y s i g n e d Th e e a rl i est
.

k n ow n t o m e i s t h e o n e all ude d t o o n p ag e 5
.

si g n a t u r e

W Tu rn er
,

.
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,

S i m pl y W T u r n e r o cc a s i o n a ll y a dd i ng t h e
“
T u rn er o r o ft e n e r ,
”

d a t e I n 1 7 9 9 w h e n h e w as e l e ct e d a n A s so c i a t e o f t h e R o y a l
.
,

.
,

A cadem y h e chang e d t o W T u r n er
, and i n 1 8 0 2 o n
e h o n o u r of fu ll m e m b e rsh i p b
.
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r e ce 1v 1 n
g t h c
h e e am e “
J M W
A fe w y e a rs l a t e r h e w a s a pp oi n t e d P r ofess or of
.
, . .

Tu rn e r R A , . .

8
 p v
P e rs e ct i e to t h e oy a R lA cad e m y , and m uch t o t h e m s m nt a u e e

o f h i s fe o ll w
ac a d e m i c i a n s h e n o w s o m e t i m es add e d P P I .
”
n

w k l l p
.

th e o r s o f h i s a t e r i fe i t i s t h e e xc e t i o n t o find any s i gn ur , at e .

I n T urn s dra w i ng f th i s p i d as i h s f h a l y
er
’
s o er o , n t o e o t e e r

E ng l i h w t s c l u r sch l g n ra ll y
a e r- i s uc k b y
o o f sh oo e e , on e s tr a re

n ss a s i m pl i c i ty a
e , w out l k n tu w h i ch co s w i h
, ne oo on a re , n t ra t t
th w e k s f h c l ss i c l p i n s w h s i nc h d h f R b ns
or o t e a a a t er o e t e e at o u e

and h g at D utch l ndsc p i sts— V

t e re G y n C uy p H bb m a a an o e o e a,

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, ,

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m o re do m i nat d E u o p an L ndsc p had c m

e b
r g d d e art . a a e o e to e re ar e

m o re as a fi tt i g b ac k g u nd to c l ss i cal st y n d l h gh f n ro a or , an a t ou o te

stat l y w as lw y m
e , l ss c n v n i on l N w N t w as
a a s o re or e o e t a . o ,
a u re

b g i nn i ng b s ud i d d p i n d f h w s k Y T u n
e to e t e an a te or er o n a e . et r e r,

l i k By ron th ugh u t h i l i f c gn i s d th t natu l sc n y l

e , ro o s e re o e a ra e er a one

n v m a k s c m pl l y s t i sfy i ng p i c u — alw ays h

e er e a o m ust b
et e a t re t e re e

s m to ch of h h u m n l m n
o e u m sugg s i n f h m an
t e a e e e t, so e e t o o u

p s nc h u m an h and i w k T h i s h w v r i n i l y d i ff n
re e e, or .
,
o e e , s e t re a e re t
p o i n t of v i w f m h t of h c l si ca l p i n s e ro t a t e as a ter .

F r m h d l i cat t i nts w h i ch u p to 79 5 6 h d ch aract i d

o t e e e , 1 -
, a e r ze

th ew o k f Tu n i c m m n w i h th at f h i c nt m p i s t
r o r e r, n o o t o s o e o rar e o

th e E ng l i sh w t c l ur sch l h p ass d a l m os sudd n l y i

a e r- o o oo ,
e e , t e , n

1
797 ,
la g to a d str ng r s y l r d b ld
e r an ng of c l ou o e t e an a o er ra e o r,

a l th ugh h l att w as st i ll l i m i d as c m p d w i h h f ll r
o t e er te o are t t e u e

t n s of h i m i dd l and l
o e y rs
s A t fi st i 7 9 6 h p al
e at er ea . r ,
n 1 , t e e

bl u s and g ns w s i m pl y d p n d d st ngl y acc n d as

e re e e re ee e e an ro e te ,

w as s n i h
ee s p b d a w i ngs f S w d
n t e d C d u Id i er r o no on an a er r s

w h i ch w r sh w n l ast y ( 9 8 ) h F nc o B i i sh E xh i b i i on
e e o e ar 1 0 at t e ra - r t t ,

an d s m xt n t i
to o h Di et Vi w o
e f E e i h T h m n t e s ta n e x eter , n t e at a

S l a e o f h m y a t S on h w v
e sa th e n s w e c m bin d
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and c n ast d w i th d p i ch g l d n b w ns I n 7 9 7 7 9 8
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h R y l A c d m y E xh i b i i n
,

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1 , r er e s i s to t e o a a e t o s a er e

of m gn i fic n t dra w i ngs f l g s i
a e ll sh w i ng s i k i ng dv nc o ar e ze , a o a tr a a e

i r ng
n a d pow r e an E i gh v i w s f S li b ry C / d l p i n d f
e . t e o a s u a t xe r a a te or

Si R C o l t H
r ( w i h V i c i
o are d A lb Mt u u m ) h
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.

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t y( S l n M m
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s a i ll fin W b w fi e oa e u se u , t e t er ar or t

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tor a an A lb t M us m ) d h f m us N er / m C l ( h l eu an t e a o or 1a a st e t e ate

M L r d y W l t s) w i th s v
au n l h s ma k a w d p
a er i e e ra ot er , r ne e a r t u re n

a lw ys sa i d that h w d h i ucc s i l i f
.
,

hi s a rt Tu n r er a h e o e s s es n e to t e

N / m C l
.

or 1 a T h i ty y sl
a st e wh n h w i ll u a i ng S co s
r ea r a t e r, e e as st r t tt
’

A bb f d w alk i g u p
.

w o k s d w h gu st f S i W l
r an as t e e o r a te r at o ts o r , n

day i h c m p y of C ad ll h p u bl i sh
,

T w ds i d ee e on e n th y e o an e t e e r , as t e

p ss d N h m T u n r t k ff h i h O n C ad ll k i ng h
a e or a r e oo o s at . e as t e re aso n ,

h r pl i d T h t p i ct r m d m P b bl y h cons i d
”
e e e ,
“
a d h t
u e a e e . ro a e e re t a

9
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i t s i n flu e nc e th a t h e o e d h i s e e ct i o n as a n
to l A
ss o c i a t e o f
th e Ro a
y
lA
c a d e m y i n 1 7 99 , t h e y e ar o f i t s e xh i i t i o n b .

S om e re c e n t w ri t er s h a v e c o n t e nd e d th at th i s g r e a t ex a ns i o n o f p
Tu r n e r s ar t w as d u e t o t h e i n fl u e nc e o f h i s fr i e n d a n d c om a n i o n
’
p
v
T h om a s G i r t i n , b u t th e y ha e a dduc e d n o e i d e nc e t o s u v pp
o r t th a t

l w
th e o r y G i r t i n , i t i s n e e d ess t o say , as a e r y g r e a t ai n t e r , v p
l v l l A
.

a n d h i s e ar y d e a th i n 1 8 0 2 w a s a s e e r e o ss t o E n g i sh a r t nd .

b
n o d o u t h e an d T u r n e r , i n th e i r c o nstan t i nt i m a cy , m u st h a e v
ll bl p
c on t i nu a y and c o ns i d e r a y a ff e ct e d e ach o t h e r i n d e e d u t o 1 7 9 5 m

l b w w
i t i s o ft en e xc e e d i n g y d i fli c u lt t o d i st i n gu i sh e t e e n t h e t o m e n s
’

w oi k I v b
B u t , so far a s bl h a e ee n a e t o st u dy G i r t i n s e ar y ’
l
d ra i ngs , c a nn o t d i sc o e r i n th ose e x e cut e d e fo r e 1 7 9 7— t h e y e ar
w I v b
.

w w p b
h i ch i tn ess e d Tu r n e r s n e w d e a r tu re— a n y of t h e r e a dth an d
’

bl w
o d n e ss k b w
h i ch m a r e d o th m e n fr om 1 7 9 7 o n a r ds C er tai n y
. l
no w k or of G t
ir i n ’
s o f 1 p v
7 9 6 — t h eppy e ar r e i o u s — a r o a ch es i n for c e
’
C
Tu r n er s S n owd on a n d a der I dr i s , w l h i ch a r e a dy i n d e s i gn i f n o t
l l p
i n c o o u r h e ra d h i s all ro und e x ans i o n of 1 7 9 7
- .

p pp pp
N or d o e s t h e cu rr e n t O i n i o n of th a t d ay a e ar to su o r t t h e
wj ll u st a u d e d t o— qu i t e t h e c o n t r a r y J C l
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Vi e . Th e S t a m e s s h r o n i c e
.

of 1
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ft e r ra i s i ng T u r n e r
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s T r a n se
p o
t f E w en n
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f
Sa li sbury Ca t/zedr a l i n t h e R lA oy ab c ad e m y E x h i i t i o n of that y e a r ,
k w ’
l
g oe s o n t o r e m ar th a t M r G i r t i n s d r a i n gs i n g e n era app ea r to be
.

A
,

f or med i n tbe sty le of Tur n er . v

g a i n , Th e S u n o f 1 7 9 9 d e o t e s a
l p
on g p l C
ara g r a h t o t h e e u ogy o f T u r n e r s C ’
l ‘
a r n a r v on a st /e, c o n c u d i ng

w k
i t h t h e re m a r , w Cl
Th i s i s a d ra i n g th a t p a u d e m i gh t b e rou d
t o own p ’
p
i t th e n r ai s e s G i r t i n s B et/zg e/ler t , b u t re fa c e s i t s n o t i c e
w b v
i th t h e o s er a t i o n b v
W e d o n o t r e m e m e r t o h a e s ee n t h e
b
n a m e of t h e a r t i st p efo r e t h e re se n t y e a r . T/ze d r a wi ng i s s omet/zi ng
afl er the st le o
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p r ecedi n
g R
a r t i st
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v [ T u rn er
] .e dg r a e a so l
ll p AC
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”
1 8 6 6,

V ol II p
.
, .ag e
40 2 .

v w
M o r e o e r , T u r n er s g re a t d ra i n g s of 1 7 9 7 , 1 7 9 8 an d 1 7 9 9
’

v Al
h a e ch a ra ct e ri st i cs w h i ch are n o t a t a ll th o s e o f G i r t i n r e a dy
.

v bl w l l
th er e i s i si e som e th i ng of th at o nd e rfu d e i c a cy , th a t se n se of
’
w ll p
'

’
m yst e r y , of i n fi n i ty , th a t i n d e fi n a ble ch a r m
‘
h i ch w e c a oe t r y ,

w k
w h i ch d i st i n g u i sh e s h i s p ll or — a n d w k w es ec i a y h i s or in at e r
c o o u r— fro m th a t of e e ry o th e r a nd sc a e a i n t e r— or all t h e m or e
l v l p p w k
k bl p b b kl
r e m ar a e i n th a t i t r oc ee d e d fro m a m an o r n i n a a c a n e off t h e
w w
S t ra nd , i t h o u t a n y e duc at i o n o r thy o f t h e n a m e , a n d t h r o u gh o u t h i s
l bl p k w
i fe u n a e t o s e a o r ll — l
r i t e g ra m m a t i c a
y y e t wi t h a a m a n of

ll k l b
st r ong i n t e e ct , vl
e en y am i t i o u s, a r e a d e r , a n d a w o u m i nou s ri t e r

of p oet ry .

w l
O n e d r a i n g o n y or th i s p p er i o d i s re r odu c e d h e r e— D i s ta n t

Vi ew o l
f L i cbfi e/d Ca t/zedr a l ( P a t e I t su ffe r s fr om t h e u n av o i d
hosp i t abl e m ans i on F a rn l e y H all , , h e w as s h o rt l y to b e c om e a

fr e q u e nt and an h o nou r e d g u e st .

It is t i m e th a t r e fe re nc e sh o u l d b e m a d e t o t h e sketclzes w h i ch ,

for m su ch a n i m p o r t a nt p ar t of t h e v ol u m e o f Tu r n e r s w or k i n ’

w a t er c ol ou r Fr om t h e o u ts e t of h i s c a re er o n e v ery j o u r n e y h e
-
, ,

m a d e c op i o us s tud i e s — a t fi rst m a i n l y i n p e nc i l b ut s o m e t i m e s i n
.

w a t er colou r a n d o cc asi o n all y i n cray o n o r oi l— of e v ery p ai n t a bl e

-
r

s p o t h e v i s i t e d k e e p i ng u sua ll y a s e p ara t e p o c k e t b o o k fo r e a ch -

t o u r Th e s k e tch e s w e re s om e t i m e s r a p i d so m e t i m e s e l a b ora t e
,

.
,

E sp e c i all y h e m a d e n o t e s i n co l o u r of s k i e s c l o uds w at e r and an y

.

, , ,

st ri ki ng a t m os p h e ri c effe cts w h i ch h e m i gh t ch a n c e t o se e Th e se .

a l th o u gh o ft e n sl i gh t a n d usu a ll y s w i ft l y e x e cu t e d w e re n e v er ,

t h eless si ng u l a r l y I n a p oc k e t b o o k o f 1 7 9 8 I fi nd
,

a ccu r at e -

t w e nty fi v e s u ch w i th a l i st d esc ri b i n g e ach z— Twi ln t Clea r Ra i n

.

-
, ,

Comzng S un ny Cr i mson ed Sk ow ery Ga tker i ng af ter F og and so on

,

.
, , ,

Th e s e s k e tch es and stud i e s h e c o n t i nu e d t o m a k e a n d to st or e

, ,

th ro ugh o ut h i s l i fe ev e n u p to h i s l ast j ou r n e y o n t h e C o nt i n e n t
B y t h e d e c i s i o n of t h e C o u r t o f C h anc e r y at t h e e n d
,

i n 1 845 . ,

o f a l on g l i t i g a t i on o v er h i s w i ll th e y w e r e a w a r d e d— n i n e t e e n
,

th o usand i n all— to b e t h e p r o p e r ty of t h e n a t i o n a n d aft e r m a ny ,

y e ars d e l ay th e y ar e n o w b ei ng a d m i ra bl y a rr a n g e d a n d c a tal o gu e d
a t t h e N a t i o n a l G a ll e r y b y M r F i n b er w h o w ri t e s o n th e m h e r e
g .
, .

I t i s n ee d l e ss t o say th at t o t h e stude n t o f T u r n e r s l i fe w o rk t h e y
’

a re of t h e ut m os t i n t er e st a n d i m p o r t a n c e a n d o ft e n — e s p e c i a ll y
,

t h e l a t er o n e s— of su r p ass i n g b ea uty Th e e x a m pl e s w h i ch h a v e
.

re c e nt l y b e e n pl ac e d o n v i e w i n t h e N a t i o n a l G a ll e r y a r e
( 1 908
) ’
mo st l y o f T u r n e r s e arl i e r p e ri o ds b ut on e or t w o b e l o n g t o qu i t e t h e
,

c l os e of h i s l i fe s om e a re d ra w i ngs n e ar l y fin i sh e d b u t d i sc a rd e d
I n 1 8 0 2 T u r n e r v i s i t e d t h e C o n t i n e nt f o r t h e first t i m e
.

He .

w as n a tur all y i m p resse d w i th C al a i s h i s fi r st F r e nch t o w n a n d

on h i s re tu r n h e p a i nt e d t h e w e ll k n o w n p i ctu re of Ca la i s P i er
, ,

( N a t i o n a l G a ll e r y
) a n d t h e s t i ll m a gn i fic e n t b u t n o w m uch d ar k e n e d
,

Vi n tag e a t M ei con ( t h e E a r l o f Y a r b or o ugh u t i t w as i n S w i t z e r

’
) B .

l and S avo y an d Pi e dm ont th a t h e s p e n t m o st of h i s t i m e and t h e

,

re su l ts m a
y b e s ee n i n t h e fi n e d ra w i ngs of Bo n n e v i ll e C h a m ou n i x
,

a n d t h e L a k e o f G e n e v a i n v a r i o u s c o ll e ct i o ns
, ,

t h e F a lls o f tlze ,

Rei ck en ba c/z t h e Gla ci er a n d S our ce f zbe A r v er on a n d o th e r s a t '

,
o ,

Fa rn l e y an d t h e s u p er b l ar ge b o dy c ol o ur s k e tch e s of The D ev i l s
,
-
’

B r idg e a n d t h e St Got/la r d P a ss i n t h e p or tfol i o s o f t he N at i o na l

.

G all er y Th r e e o f h i s S w i ss d r a w i ngs h e s e n t to t h e R oy a l
,

A cad e m y E x h i b i ti o n o f 1 8 0 3
From 1 8 0 3 to 1 8 1 2 h e w as c o n t i n u all y r e c ei v i ng c om m i ss i o ns
.

b o th for oi l p i ctu re s an d w a te r co l ou r s fr om i nflu e n ti al p at ro ns

,

-
, ,

12
i nc l ud i ng h E ar l s of E g m ont E s x L nsda l and Y a b o ugh
t e re , se , o e, r ro

J oh n L i c st r Si J oh n S o n d th r w al thy m at s I n
,

Si r e e e , r a e, an o e e a eur .

1 8 7 h start d h i w ll k no w n L i b S di
0 -
e e m i
s i v al y of h e - er tu or u n r r t e

Lib V i t ti
er f C l aud L orra i n w h i ch h ad r c n l y b n s cc s
er a s o e e, e e t ee u es

fu ll y r p oduc d i e ng v i ng b y E ng l i sh p u bl i sh s F
r e n e his h ra er or t e

b ou t a h und d d a w i ngs i s p i a— co l u h
.

m ad e a re l us d
ls w h r — as gu i d s f t h p f s i n l ngr v rs w h m fi m
r n e a o r e r a re e

e e e e e or e ro e s o a e a e o e e

pl oy d e h wo k on N a l y ll th s d a w i ngs w h i ch
t e r . m ost l y e r a e e r are

no w i t h N t i on l G ll ry
,

s li gh t , a re n e a a a e .

D u r i ng h y s b t w n 8 3 and 8
t e te n T u n s sty l i
ea r e ee 1 0 1 1 2, r er
’
e n

w r co l u und w n t a g dua l b ut a v y cons i d a bl ch ng

a te -
o r er e ra ,
er er e a e .

H l ft h da k bl u s and d p g l d n b r w ns w h i ch
e e t e r e w h v ee o e o , as e a e

s n m a k d h i first d p a tu i 7 9 7 f m h
ee , r e s t i nt d m an n r e r re n 1 ro t e e e

o f hi r l y days and h gr d ll y d p t d a l i gh r
s ea , d m e a ua a o e te an o re

n at a l rang of c l u
ur Th i s e w y l i b st s n i h w k of
o o r . ne st e s e ee n t e or

w h at i k no w n as h i Y or k sh i p r i d w h i ch b g n a b out 8 9
s s
“
re e o ,
”
e a 1 0 ,

and c nt i nu d w i th v ar i ous d v l p m nts u p

o e , a b ou t 8 Hi e e o e , to 1 20 . s

su bj cts w r e fi rst m a i n l y tak n f m h n i gh b ou h d f h

e e at e ro t e e r oo o t e

st t l y h ous i
a e h b u t i f l v ll y of h W h f w h i ch h
e n t e ea u a e t e ar e as

b c m a pl ac f p i l gr i m ag to T urn stud nt f m all p a ts

e o e e o e er e s ro r

o f t h w or l d — I r f r of cou s to F a n l y H ll
e e e I th n w n, r e, r e a . ts e o e r,

M W a l t r F wk s w u p
r . e h i d th
a k i nd f i d d l i b l
e , as to s ea a r en an e ra

p at r n of h p i n w h w
o t e f qu n t v i s i
a t e r, h h o as a re e to r at t e o u se ,

an d ta i n d h f i ndsh i p f h f m i l y d w n
re e t e r e h i l a st y s o t e a o to s te ea r .

F arn l y H all i st i ll fi ll d w i th d a w i ng b y T u n f i s ound

e s e r s r er o ts u rr

i ngs h , n i gh b u i ng W h a f d l i m p t n t S w i ss
t e e o r d o h r r e a e, or a an t e

fo i gn l andsc p s i ll ust at i ns
re S c tt s
a e d B y on s P o m s stud i s
, r o to o
’
an r
’
e , e

o f b i ds fish r I t l s c n i ns so m i m p
e tc t i l p i ctur s a o o ta e o rt a n o e

s i s f w at c l ou s — h
.
,

R h i n S k tch s
,

by h i m T . o on e er e o e r- o r t e e e e
”

I sha ll h av cc s i n f r l at
e o a o t o re e er .

R us ki n ad m i ra bl y d sc i b h ch r ct i sti cs f h s Y o k sh i r e r es t e a a er o t e e
‘
r e

d ra w i ngs M od rn P i n t s V l I pp
’
e 4 5) a er ,
o . .
, . 12 , 12

O f ll h i [ T urn s] dr w i ngs I th i n k th s of h
“
a s er
’
a , o e t e

Y o k sh i s i s h v t h m st h t i th m h m st ff
r re er e a e e o ear n e , t e o a ec

i s i m pl u n w i d s i us fi i h i g f t uth Th
t on a t e , e, i ea r e er o n s n s o r . e re s

i th m l i tt l s k i ng aft
n e ff c t b u t e st ng l v f pl c
ee er e e ,
a ro o e o a e

l i tt l xh i b i t i n f h t i st s w p o w s p cu l i i i s
e e o o t e ar
’
o n er or e ar t e ,

b ut i nt ns pp c i t i n of h s m ll st l oc l m i nu i Th s
e e a re a o t e a e a t ae . e e

d w i ngs h a v unf rtu nat l y ch ng d h ands f qu n l y and

ra e, o e ,
a e re e t ,

h av b a b us d d i ll tr
e een d b y p i ctu r d l s d c l an rs ;
e an -
ea t e e- ea e r an e e

h g t r n um b r
t e re a e no w m w c k s I na m h m e a re e re re . e t e

as i ns nc s b u t p ofs of h
n ot ta t i s study i t hi s d i st i c
e ,
ro t e ar st
’
n r t
f th ora ff c i on to w h i ch h y w h i
e e t i g i n m st h a v t e o e t e r or u e

b n g ound d l ong y ars b f

ee r e e e o re
 I b li v I t i s, th b d w o d d st p s d s w ll s
e e e, t o e se roa ,
o e ee an e

f h Y k hi
o t d w ns th t w i p t w h s i g l r
e or s re o a e, n ar , o e t e n u a

m s i v n ss th t p v i l s i n t i n dra w i ng ’
as e e T n s m a re a d n ur er ou a ,
an

gi v s i ef i ch i f l m t f gr nd
t on e o ts I m i th e e e en s o a eu r . a n e

h b i t f l o k i g to h Y k h i d w i ngs
a o o n i di c ti g t e or s re ra as n a n on e

f h c l m i t i ng p i nts I n th s h ’
o t e u f Tu s c
na o o rn e r a re e r . e e e

tt i d h h i gh t d g
a a ne t f wh t h h d u p
e th t t i m
es e re e o a e a to a e

tt m p t d
a e m l y fi ni h e d qu t i ty f f m u i t d w i th
na e s an an o or ,
n e

xp si f at m p h d l i gh t W i th t c l
, ,

e res on o os Hi e re , an ou o ou r . s

l y d w i ngs
e ar s i ng l a l y i s uct i v i th i s d fi i t
ra a re u r n tr e n e n e n e ss

d s i m pl i c i ty f i m v i d n l y f l th t ” “
an Tu n o a . r er e e t e t a

h cl i m s p n h i
t e a g d p ss s d b y th s pl c s w h i ch
u o s re ar o es e o e a e

fi st h d p d r him h
a ojy en ed h l b u to of h i l i f t e o an t e a o r s e

c l d n v b su p
ou ed d N lp i n c l ud c l d ff c
er e erse e . o a e o ou e a e, n o

I l i a s n h i n utsh i n h m m i s f h pl n t d ys f
ta n u s e o e t e e or e o t e e asa a o

R k b y d B l t n ; d m any si m pl p m n t y d i m w i th
o e an o o an a e ro o or

s th n l i v m any l n c l i ff h t st p d un n t i c d v
ou er o e, a o e t a oo e o e o er

s m li n w v w
o e a ec d d b y h i m w i th l o v
a e, d d li c t
a s re or e a e an e a e

c th t w
a re h sh d w f ld th gh ts
a e re t d l ng l st
e a o s o o ou an o -
o

d l i gh ts w h s ch m y t h ung l i k m n i ng m i t a b ov t h
e ,
o e ar e e or s e e

c h nt i ng w a v s f W h a f
a d G t e o r e an re a .
”

F m 8 9 ro 8 1Tu 0 s po w s w to 1 p i dl y d v l p i ng
2 0, rn e r
’
er e re ra e e o ,

an d h w ep d c i g m ny i m p n t i l p i ct
as ro u n s m f w h i ch a orta o u r e s, o e o
-
T/ F ze
y M ir os t
g C i g / B k
or n n S m H i l l, W lt B i d
r oss n
g t ze r oo ,
o er , a on r es

an d R by C l — w u p h p s a m g h fin st f h i w h l l i f
a st e ere, er a ,
on t e e o s o e e .

H w e l b sy w i th d w i ngs f ng v i ng— h i fly f b k
as a so u ra or e ra c e or oo

i ll st
u i d p b bl y f
ra t o n s, a n th i s s h s msro a h v x c t d or re a o n e ee to a e e e u e

c m p ti v ly f w w t c l
o a ra e f e c m m is io s a e r-f s l O o ou rs or o s n or or a e . ne,

h w v
o e h m g i fi c t C/ y
e r, t e
(aM T n A sht n ) w h
en i ch h s n t
zr ses rs . . o , e e

to t h R y l Ac d m y i
e o a 8 c ll s f n i c
a e It i l g im n 1 1 1 , a or ot e . s a ar e,

p s i v w k c l l y m bl i g i d si gn h Gl
re s e or , o se r ese d S y ll n n e t e a u cu s an c a

o f h Lib
t e S di m b er tu b d or u d bl sc l ; h
, u t on a r oa er an no er a e t e

c l
o ou r- s ch m i n t m d i t b t w n th t f h i
e e er e ly d h i a e e ee a o s ear an s

m i dd l ti m e Wh t i e . m k bl i i a di n y G k s so re ar a e s t s e x t raor ar r ee

f l i ng
ee Cl . p t i o ou r nc c ll ha ar c n y , d t h at o e re a s t e s e er an t e

s nt i m n t f h G k I l ds l h gh T
e e o t e ree n v i h i li f s an a t ou u rn e r e er n s e

M ny w i ll m m b ff ct w h i ch h d w i g
,

sa w th m e . h
a re e er t e e e t e ra n

p d ro d iu ce h Wi t nE xh i b i t i n f
t e 8 87 Bu li n g n H
n er o o 1 at r to o u se

M M l d A gn w s b if l S p
.

’
r . or a n b g / e duc d h ea u t u ca r or ou z, re ro e ere

( l t
P a e l s b l ngs th i s p i d a o e o to er o .

O f T n s
ne o l i t s i s f b k i ll t t i ns w as h i
ur er
’
ea r es er e o oo u s ra o s
S h n C st f E g l nd w h i ch h b gun b t 8
ou t er oa o n a d
”
e e a ou 1 12 an

g d wi h W B C k a fi li n
,

c nt i n d
o ue 8 6 H to 1 2 . e a re e t . . oo e, ne e
 e ng r a v e r and an e n t e r p ri s i ng p u bl i sh e r t o su ppl y fo rty d r a w i ngs 0 1 ,

v i e w s a l ong t h e c o ast fro m t h e N o r e o n t h e e ast t o t h e Bri s to l

,

C h an n e l on t h e w est ; m a ny oth e r le ad i ng w a t e r c ol o u r a rt i s t s o f -

t h e day — D e W i n t C le n n e ll P r o ut and o t h e rs —b e i ng al s o c o nt ri
, , ,

b uto rs T u r n er w as to re c e i v e s ev e n a n d a h alf gu i n e as a p i e c e fo r
.

t h e d r a w i ngs w h i ch w e re o f s m all s i ze ; b u t a l th o ugh t h i s p ri c e

,

w as so o n ra i se d t o t e n and l ate r t o t w e lv e gu i n e as h e b e ca m e
, ,

d i ssat i sfi e d and b ro k e w i th C o o k e w h o h o w e v e r j udg i n g fro m

, , , ,

t h e co r r e s p o nd e nc e a pp e ar s to h av e tr e a t e d h i m fa i rl y H e h a d
, .

m o r e o v e r g i v e n h i m m a ny o th e r co m m i ss i o ns fo r d ra w i ngs a n d h ad
,

h e l d e xh i b i t i o ns of th e s e a n d t h e e ng rav i ngs fro m th e m a t h i s

, ,

roo m s i n S oho S qua r e .

T h e S ou th e rn C oas t dra w i n gs a re e l a b o rat e h i gh l y fi n i sh ed : , ,

and i n a r ath e r w a rm e r t o n e of co l o u r th a n h i t h e r t o M any .

a r e e xt re m e l y b e a ut i fu l b u t i n so m e th e re i s v i si ble th a t c ro wd i ng
,

of l i gh t s an d fo re gr o und figu r e s w h i ch fro m th i s t i m e o n w a rds i s ,

no t u nfr e qu e nt i n T urn e r s w or k T h e m aj o r i t y o f t h e d ra w i ngs

’
.

a re n o w a l as so fa d e d as t o g i v e b u t l i t t l e i d e a o f t h e i r p r i st i n e
, ,

b e a uty W h at th e y all w e re l i k e ori g i n all y m ay st i ll be se e n i n t h e

.
,

be a u t i fu l Clovelly B ay i n t h e N a t i o n a l G a lle ry o f I re l a nd ( V augh a n

'

Be qu e st ) an d i n t h e L u lwor t /z Cov e r e p ro duc e d h e re ( P l a t e

,
'

A bo u t t h e sam e t i m e T u r n e r m a d e a fi n e se ri e s of d ra w i n gs
, ,

a ll o n a l a rg e sc a l e of t h e b e aut i fu l co u n try w h i ch l i e s i n l a nd
,

a m ong t h e h i ll s b e t w e e n H as t i ngs an d T un b r i dg e W e ll s T h e s e .

w e re c”o m m i ss i o ns fr o m a w e ll k n o w n and e cc e n t ri c M P J a c k
,
“ - .
.
,

F u ll e r w hose cou n t ry s ea t R o se H all ( no w k n o w n as

,
“ -
”

B r i gh t l i ng P a r k ) l i e s i n t h e h e a r t o f t h a t n e i gh b o u r ho o d
“ ”
.

F o u r w e r e e ff e c t i vel y e ng r a ve d as c o l ou re d a qua t i nts b u t w e re ,

n e v e r p u bl i sh e d ; t h e re st w e re re p roduce d a s L i n e E ng ra v i ngs i n
the
“
Vi e w s o f H a st i ngs and i t s V i c i n i t y ( a ft e rw a rds c a ll e d V i ews

in p u bl i sh e d a fe w y e a rs l a t e r Th e se ri e s re m’ai n ed .

for a l o ng t i m e un b ro k e n b u t i t w as d i s p e rs e d a t C h ri s t i e s l as t,

y e ar A ll t h e S ussex d raw i ngs w e re of t h e h i gh est q u al i t y

“
,

so b e r i n c o l our and t re a t m e nt a s b e fi t t e d t h e ch a ra ct e r o f t h e ,

sc e n e ry b u t t h e m aj o ri ty h av e b ee n b a dl y fa d e d b y l o ng y e a rs o f
,

e x p o su r e t o sun l i gh t

S o u t h e r n C o as t dr a w
.

S o m e w h a t s i m i l a r i n ch ara ct e r t o t h e
“

i ngs b u t a l i tt l e l a t e r a n d e v e n m o re h i gh l y fi n i s h e d i s a se r i e s ,

w h i ch T u rn e r m ad e i n 1 8 1 8 1 8 1 9 fro m ca m’er a obscur a sk e t ch es by

,

H a k e w i ll a n a r ch i t e ct t o i ll us t rat e t h e l att e r s Pi ctu re sq u e T o u r i n

I t al y p u bl i sh e d i n 1 8 2 0 R us k i n w h o p oss ess ed m a ny “o f t h ese
, ,
”
.
, ,

r a n k e d t h e m v e ry h i gh l y and fre q u e n t l y all ud e s to t h e m i n

,

M od e rn
P ai n t ers and e lse w h e re I n t h e N ot e s o n h i s D ra w i n gs b y
“
.

W s l ast i m p o r t a n t w o r k on a rt
J. M . T urn er
. R A 1 8 78
,
h i . .
, , ,

1
5
 b
h e d e sc ri e s th e m ( p
2 2 ) as w p
a s e r i e s h i c h e x re ss e s t h e m i nd
“

pw w
.

o f T u r n e r i n i t s co n su m m a t e o e r, b u t n ot
y et i n i ts i d e st

rang e O
r d er i ng to h i m se f s t i l ll
t h e sam e l
i m i ts i n m e th o d a n d
ll
.

ai m h e r e a ch e s u nd er th e s e c o nd i t i o ns t h e su m m i t o f e xc e e n c e ,
w b p bl —
,

a n d o f all th e s e d ra i n gs t h e r e i s ut o n e c tc
r i i i sm oss i e th e y
‘
b
c a nn o t b e e tt e r k
B y t h e i n dn e ss of M r M o r a nd . l A w gn e ,
t w o of t h e
“
H ak e w i ll s e ri e s Tbe L a ke o, f Nemi ( P a t e l XI .
) and
Tur i n f r om t/ze S up erg a ( P a t e l p
a r e r e r od u c e d h e r e .

I n 1 8 1 7 o r 1 8 1 8 T u rn e rb w
e gan w w
t h e d r a i ng s h i ch er e

to lli us t ra t e o n e o f h i s m o st fam o us w k ’
p
o r s, the s u m tu o us
“
w
H i st o r y of Ri c h m o n d sh i re , ”
ll l
h i ch st i a d m i t t e d y r e m ai ns t h e
p p l b k v p bl
fin est t o o g ra h i c a oo e e r u i sh bj
e d w T
. h e s u e c t s — h i ch
w ere b l l l
ch o se n fo r T u r n e r y a o c a c o m m i tt e e o f g e nt e m e n
w k
e re a ll t a e n fr o m th a t r o m a nt i c d i st r i ct i n t h e N R o r th i d i ng
of Y k o r sh i r e , b l
on t h e ord e r s o f L a nc ash i re a n d W e st m or a nd ,
of w w R w k
h i ch t h e t o n of i ch m o nd i s t h e c e n t re Th e o r w as t o .

b e t h e mag n um op us o f D r W h i t a e r k w l hos e e a r i e r H i st or i e s of
C v
.

ll l b ll b
W h a e y an d r a e n h ad a s o e e n i ust r a t e d y T u r n e r , an d h i s
p bl p p p
u i sh e rs, M ess rs Lo ng m a n ; s ar e d n e i th e r ai ns n or e x e ns e i n
.

p
i t s ro duct i o n . u n p
T r e w sr w
a a i d t e n ty fi v-
e gu i n e as e a ch — th e n
lp
h i s u su a w
r i c e — fo r t h e d raw i ngs , w
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t /ze L un e, i s, y t h e c o u r t esy

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n e r , t h e Rev W M a c G re g or , r e r o d u c e d h e re ( P at e
. .

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th ou gh i t m ust h a e e e n , o n e
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a ll th i s w e a th o f e xqu i si t e d e t a i i sl b e r fe ct y su or d i n a t e d t o t h e un i ty

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— “ ”

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1 6
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, , ,

a dd e d t h e d e p r e c i a t i on i n v al u e i s e qu a ll y c e r ta i n
, I wo u l d r e fe r .

any o n e w h o th i n k s th i s an o v e r stat e m e n t t o t h e Bl u e Bo o k on t h e
-

su bj e ct p u bl i sh e d i n 1 8 8 8 ( R e p o r t o f t h e S c i e nc e an d A rt D e pa r t
,

m e nt o n t h e A c t i o n of L i gh t on W a t e r C o l o u rs H M S t a t i on e ry -
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C fli ce
'

, S e v e ra l st r i k i ng o bj e ct l e ssons of t h e e ff e c t of e x
o su re m a a l s o b e s e e n at t h e N a t i o n a l Ga ll e ry i n T u r n e r d ra w i ngs
p y
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U p t o a b o u t 1 8 30 T u r n e r s fi n i sh e d d ra w i ngs we re m a i n l y i n
,

t rans p a re nt w a t e r c o l o u r b ut fr o m a qu i t e e ar l y p e r i od h e e m pl oy e d
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m e ans t h e w o r k i s m uch m o re r a p i d H e h a d re cou rs e to t h at m e t hod .

on o n e m e m o r a bl e occas i on I n 1 8 1 7 h e w e n t fo r a th ree w e e k s
.
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t o u r i n t h e R h i n e d i st ri ct a n d du r i ng th a t t i m e p ro duc e d n o l e ss
,

th an fifty d ra w i ngs of fa i r s i ze i e at t h e rat e of a b o u t t h re e a d ay

, . .
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w i th o rd i nary t r an sp are n t c o l o u r W h e n h e re t u rn ed t o E n gla nd h e
.

t oo k t h e d ra w i ngs i n a ro ll st ra i gh t to F ar n l e y H a ll an d M r F a wk es , .
,

to h i s d e l i gh t b ough t t h e m a t o nc e fo r £ 5 0 0 F o r a l on g t i m e t h e y
, .

re m ai n e d i n a p o r tfol i o u n b ro k e n o n e of t h e tr e a su r e s of t h e h o us e
, ,

b u t a fe w y e ars ag o so m e w ere d i s p e rse d a t C h ri st i e s O n e o f th es e

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Goa r lza usen a n d Ka tz Ca stle i s re p r oduc e d h e re ( P l a t e

I n 1 8 1 8 T u rn e r w e n t N o r th to m ak e d raw i ngs for Th e
,

P r o v i nc i a l A n t i q u i t i e s o f S c o t l a nd an i m p o r tant i llustr a t e d w o r k ,

i n w h i ch Si r W al t e r S c o tt th e n i n t h e h e i gh t of h i s W a v e rl e y
,

fa m e w a s k e e n l y i n t e r es t e d and fo r w h i ch h e w as gr a tu i t o u sl y
,

w r i t i ng t h e l e t te rp re ss Si r W a l t e r w i sh e d t h e i ll us t ra t i o ns t o b e
,

g i v e n t o a fe ll o w S co t sm a n t h e Re v J o h n T h o m son o f D udd i ng
, .
,

s t o n a n a bl e l a ndsca p e p a i n t e r b ut t h e p u b li sh e rs i ns i st e d t ha t
, ,

T u r n e r s w as t h e n a m e i n v ogu e w i t h t h e p u bl i c and t h e w o r k
’
,

w as acc o rd i ng l y d i v i d e d Th e d ra w i ngs w h i ch a re all h i gh l y

.
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fi n i sh e d and o f fi n e q u al i ty a re e n t i re l y of Lo wl a nd sc e n e ry , ,

i nc l u d i n g B ot /rwell Cr i ck t on and Rosly n cas t l e s th re e o r fou r

, ,

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,

, ,

st r i k i ng— an d t h e s e as i d e fo rt re ss e s o f Ta n ta llon a n d D un ba r T h e y .

w e re afte rw a rds p res e n t e d b y t h e p u bli sh e rs to S i r W a l t e r i n

r e cogn i t i on o f h i s s e rv i c e s i n e ns u r i ng t h e succe ss o f t h e bo o k an d ,

th e y r e m a i n e d a t A bb o t sfo rd u n t i l qu i t e r e c e n t y e a rs .

I n 1 8 1 9 T u rn er p a i d h i s fi rst v i s i t to R o m e a n d re m ai n e d t h ere ,

1
7
s om e t i m e g o i ng a good d e a l i n to E ng l i sh s o c i e ty at th e E m b assy
an d e l s e w h e r e H e p a i n t e d a f e w o i l p i ct u re s b u t not m a ny w at e r
,

c ol ou rs ; a m o ng t h e m o st i n t e res t i ng i s a fi n e s e ri e s of stud i e s i n
.

t h e C a m p a gn a m o st o f w h i ch a re i n t h e N a t i o n a l G a ll e r y (T h e .

H a k e w i ll d ra w i ngs o f R o m e w e r e p ro b a bl y a ll fin i sh e d b e fo r e
,

“ ”

h e l e ft E ng l and ) .

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a bl y a ff e ct e d h i s a r t H i s o i l p a i n t i ngs e s p e c i a ll y fr o m th i s t i m e
.
,

b egan t o b e m o re an d m o re fa nt asti c i n su bj ect fl o ri d i n c o l o u r a n d , ,

c om pl i c a t e d i n d e si gn N o d o u b t th e re a re b ri ll i a n t e xc e p t i o ns
.
,

such as Cb i lde Ha r old s P i lg r i mag e a n d o th er s b ut t h e old s i m pl i c i ty

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, ,

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fo x i n ess and fl ori d c o l o u r i s n o t i c e a bl e a l th o u gh n o t so p r o
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,

n ou n c e d ; i t i s v i s i bl e i n t h e C a m p a gn a s k e tch e s j ust a ll u d e d to Th e .

ch a ng e w a s soon r e c o gn i s e d b y h i s ad m i r e rs I n 1 8 2 0 ( t h e y e ar .

foll o w i ng) I fin d i n t h e A nn a l s o f t h e F i n e A r ts t h e foll o w i n g

,
“ ”

d i sc ri m i n a t i ng c ri t i c i s m of a n e xh i b i t i o n o f h i s w or k s w h i ch w a s
h eld that y e ar a t t h e t o w n h o us e o f M r F a wk e s o f F a rn le y .

T urn e r a pp e ar s h e re i n h i s o r i g i n a l spl e ndou r a n d t o h i s

g re a t est a d v a nt a g e Th o se w h o o n l y k no w t h e a r t i st of l a t e and
.

fr o m h i s a c a d e m i c a l w o rk s w i ll h a r d l y b el i e v e t h e g ra nd e u r
s i m pl i c i ty an d b e a u ty th a t p e r v a d e h i s b e st w o r k s i n th i s
,

c o ll e ct i o n Th e e arl i e r w or k s of T u r n e r b e for e h e v i s i t e d
.

R om e a n d t h o se h e h as d o n e si nc e f or th i s c olle ct i o n a re li k e
w ork s of a di ff e re n t a r t i st Th e form er n a tu ral s i m pl e a n d .
, ,

eff e ct i v e ; t h e l a tt e r a r t i fic i a l g l a ri ng a n d a ff e ct e d
, ,
.

F m 8 u nt i l a b u t 8 4 ap a t f m h i s k tch s T u n s
ro 1 20 o 1 0, r ro s e e r er
’

w k i w t c l u w a l m st nt i l y f g v i ng T h i s
,

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nta i l d g t d m nd as h i n v i bl y l su p
.

e e a h i ti m
re a e a on s e, e ar a a so er

v i s d h x c t i n f ch ngr v i ng P o f ft p o f h d b
.

e t e e e u o o ea e a . r o a er r o a to e
s b m i tt d t h i m
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o , to e re t u r e a a a a n, ou e

sc p d d d w n u p n f c ct i on b f h w l d p ss i As
,

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i n t i m t k n wl dg ng v s t ch n i c l p c ss s
.
,
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a a x pl i n oo th m h i af h lt to e a to e s r ea s on s or t e a e ra

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.

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w k t h w ll k n w n R i v s
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I n 8 4 w fi nd Tu n1 2 e r er at or on e e -
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an , w h i ch l ng wi th i c m p an i n s i s
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1 8
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v i gn e tt e s th em s elv e s are i n m a n y ca s e s fi n e r th a n t h e dr aw i n gs for

th e m
M a ny h o w e v e r o f t h e s m all d r aw i ngs o f th i s t i m e are su p e r b
.

i nc l ud i ng s e v e r a l of th o se o n g r e y p a p e r I n t h e R i v e rs of F ra nc e
, ,
“
.

s e ri es jumi eg es Ca udebec Sa i n t D en i s Rouen f r om S t Ca ther i ne s H i ll ’

.
,

e H ev e ( all i n t h e N a t i o n a l G a ll e r y ) a re m a st e r
, , , ,

f
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n /zt Tower s o t b ,

p i e c es as are ”a l s o m a ny of ’t h e i ll u st ra t i o n s t o S c o tt s P o e ti c al a n d
’

P r os e W or k s I n T u r n e r s l a t e r y e a r s h e fr e q u e n t l y d i d n o t s e ll h i s
,

d r a w i ngs for e n g ra v i ngs b u t l e n t th e m t o t h e p u b li sh e r s ch a r g i n g

.

u su a ll y fi v e t o se v e n g u i n e a s a p i e c e H e k e p t m a n y i n h i s p o s se ssi o n
,

u p t o h i s d e a th a s h e d i d n e ar l y t h e w h o l e of h i s s k e tch e s O n e .

d a y h e b ro ugh t t h e si x ty d ra w i ng s f o r t h e R i v e r s of F ra nc e t o
,

R u ski n r o lle d i n d i r ty b r ow n p ap e r ’off e ri n g th e m t o h i m for ,

t w e nty fi v e gu i n e as ap i e c e To R u s k i n s g r i e f h e c o u l d not i nduc e

,

-
.

h i s fa th e r t o s p e nd t h e m o n e y I n l a t e r y e ars h e t e ll s u s h e h ad
.

to p ay 4 fo r t h e se v e n t e e n w h i ch h e g a v e t o O xfo r d
A l on g su cc e ssi o n of b oo k s w e re i ll ust ra t e d b y Tu r n e r b e t w e e n
1

18 0 and 1 8 6 c o nt a i n i n g i n all n e ar l y th r e e h und r e d an d fifty pl a t e s

3 3 ,

m o st l y o f s m a ll s i z e W h e n i t i s r e m e m b e r e d that h e a l so c l os e l y su p e r
,

v i se d t h e smalle st d e t ai l s i n t h e e ng r av i n g of e ach o n e a n d th a t a t t h e ,

s am e t i m e h e w as e n g ag e d o n a n u m b e r o f o i l p i ctu re s o f t h e h i gh e st
i m p or t a nc e m an y of w h i ch w e r e fi n i sh e d a n d e xh i b i t e d a n d o th er s ,

l e ft i n vari o us st ag e s o f c om ple ti o n (i nc l udi n g m ost o f th os e r e c en tl y

a dd e d t o t h e Ta t e Ga ll e r y e d o u b t e d i f s u ch a v o l u m e o f
) i t m a
y b ,

w ork w as e v er b efore p ro du ce d i n si x y e ars b y any p ai n t er W i th .

1 8 8 h o w e v e r h i s w o r k fo r t h e e ng ra v e rs p r a ct i c a ll y c am e t o a n en d
3 , , .

H e w as n ow a r i ch m a n a n d a bl e t o r e fu se t e m p t i n g o ff er s for t h e
p i ctu re s w h i ch h e ’h a’d d e t erm i n e d t o le av e t o t h e n a t i o n ; a s for
e x a m pl e h i s Old Temer a i r e w h i ch a w e a l thy M i d l a n d m a n u fa ct u r e r
,

i s sai d t o h a v e off e re d t o c o v er w i th s o v e r e i gns .

F rom 1 8 38 t o 1 8 4 5 w h e n h i s h e al th b e gan t o fa i l h e sp e n t
,

a n i nc r e asi ng t i m e e a ch y e ar o n t h e C o n t i n e n t a n d i t w as d u r i ng
,

th i s p eri o d th a t h i s w a t e r c o l ou r a r t p as se d i nt o W h a t m a ny r e ga r d
-

a s i t s h i gh e st a s i t w a s i t s l a t e st p h ase
, I r e fe r e sp e ci all y t o t h e .

m a g n i fi c ent Sket c/zes of th i s t i m e t h e l ar g e m aj or i ty o f w h i ch a re i n

,

t h e N a t i o n a l G a ll er y H e r e v i si t e d V e n i c e w h i ch h a d c ast h e r
.

i n e ar l i e r y e a r s a n d h e re t u r n e d a g a i n an d
,

e n ch a n t m e nt o n h i m

a g a i n t o t h e L a k e o f L u c e r n e wh i ch a ft e r Y o r k s h i r e w a s p r o b a bl y
,

p t o t h e l ast o f a ll pl a c e s i n t h e w o r l d t h e d e a re st t o h i s h ea r t
, , ,

u , .

I t w o u l d b e d i ffi c u l t t o sa h o w m a n y t i m e s h e d r e w t h e t o w n t h e
y
l ak e t h e m o u nt ai n s a n d e sp e c i all y t h e R i gh i Th e r e a re t h e Red
,

, _ , .

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,
g, g
o th e r v e r si o n s v i si o n of de l i gh t H e m a d e
, ,

— e a ch d i ff e r e n t e a ch a
’
, .
d ra w i n gs a l so i n m any n e i gh b o u r i ng p a r ts o f S w i t z e r l and P i e d m ont
and S a v oy
, ,

Th e s k e tch e s and d ra w i ngs of th i s p e r i od h a v e all t h e old

d el i cacy co m b i n e d w i th a g re a t e r b re a d t h o f t re a t m e n t a n d an
,

a m a z i n g w e al th a n d r ang e o f c o l o u r S i x t y y e a rs e x p e r i e nc e h ad
,
’
.

g i v e n T u r n e r s h a n d— w h i c h u p t o t h e v e ry l a st re t a i n e d i t s e x t r a
’

o r d i na r y d e l i c a cy a n d c e r t a i n ty — a m a rv e ll ous cun n i ng I n m a ny .

cas e s t h e d ra w i ngs w e re s w i ft l y p a i n t e d i n o t h e r s c a re fu ll y st i ppl e d ,

i n d e ta i l s usua ll y w i t h a dry b r ush w or k e d o v e r b ody co l our -

.

S i r H i c k m a n B a co n s b e a u t i fu l S w i ss La ke ( Pl at e
’
La usa n ne
( P l at e Tbc Seeli sberg M oon /ig lxt ( P l a t e M r R alp h , .

B ro c k le b a n k s h i gh l y fi n i sh e d Sc/zafl a usen ( P l a t e
’
and
Tell s Okap el F lue/en ( P l at e XXX ) — w h i ch R us k i n b e l i e v e d t o
’
,

b e Tu r n e r s l ast s k e tch on t h e C o n t i n e nt —a l o ng w i t h m o st of
.

t h e r e p r o duc t i o ns fro m t h e N at i on a l G a ll e r y a re e x a m pl e s o f th i s ,

t 1m e .

l ast p h s of T urn s t w as h o w v r h t i m n i th r
Th i s a e er
’
ar , e e ,
at t e e e e

u nd rsto d e pp r c i t d p ro b a bl w i ng l a g l y
o n or a h e w a e r e to t e ne

d v l p m n t w h i ch h ad r c n t l y t k n pl c i h i
, o

e e o e i l p i ctu s e e a e a e n s o re .

I n th s h h d h i m s l f i h i ld g h l ast and h ard st s k s

e e e a se t e , n s o a e, t e e ta
o f h i l i f — h p i nt i ng f p
s e l i gh t of sw i ft m o v m n of h
t e a o u re e e t, t e

tu m u l tuous l m nta l forc s f N atu r

,

, e e S m f h V i su bj cts
e e o e . o e o t e en ce e ,

th m v ll us S w S t m t S
e ar e o an d h R i S m d Sp d w
no or a ea , t e a n, tea an ee , e re

e nt i l y m i sund
re d and r i d i c l d B l c kw d s M g i n
e rst oo l d u e .
“
a oo
’
a az e e

th t c k and P unch
e a ta d Th c k
, y add d h i s t i N d ubt
”
an a e ra e t e r a re . o o

s v r l f h i l t i l p i ctu r s w r f f tch d i su bj ct f n ast i c i

e e a o s a e o e e e a r- e e n e , a t n

t at m t d cc n i c i co l u r P b bl y l so
re en , an e e k n w b tt
tr n o . ro a ,
a , n o one e e er

th n h th t h h d n ot r ach d h go l f h i a m b i i n b h
a e a e a e e t e a o s t o ut e

a l s k n w th h i c i t i cs u nd t d h i a i m s l i tt l th y d i d
o e at s r e rs oo s as e as e

th d i ffi cu l t i s w h i ch h h d to nc
e ent i i v i ng to ch h m e a e ou er n st r re a t e ,

and h ld m f l t h at t c k s k n l y R s k i n ll u s th t h c m
t e o an e t e a ee . u te s a e a e

one e v n i ng h i f th s h us i D n m k H i ll ft an s p c i ll y
e to s a er
’
o e n e ar a er e e a

h S w St m t S — V
,

b i t t nsl gh t
er o au l i
on Di t t of e no or a ea esse n s r ess

H w i / of 8 4
ar c z, w h i ch h c i i cs h d d c i b d
1 2, soa p suds d t e r t a es r e as an

w h i w sh R us k i n h d h i m s i i ng i h i ch i r b y h fi
te a . e ar , tt n s a t e re ,

m utt i ng to h i m s l f at i n
er v l s S p suds and w h i t w a h g i n
e te r a oa e s ,
a a

A l s I w n t to h i m s k i ng “ ”
and ag i n d g i n a an h s ys a a . t a t, e a ,
e a

W h y h m i nd d w h t th y s i d i
e Th n h e b u s ou t So p sud a e a e e r t a s

and w h i t w sh I W h t w u l d th y h v i I w nd r w h t th y
e a a o e a e o e a e

th i n k h s a s l i kt e I wi h h y d b n i
e
’
i eAs m
. of s t e
’
ee n t .
’
a at te r

fac Tu rn h ad ctu all y b n

t, er b oard h b o a h i m l sh d ee on t e at at t e t e a e

to t h m st at he i s k of h i l i f
a , t e r s e .

N h orh w or k f h i l at r y rs a lw ays b n u nd rs ood i

as t e o s e ea ee e t n

ou r d ys N ot m ny y ars g a di s ti n g u i sh d G m a oc l i st
a . a e a o e er n u

21
rea d a p a p e r a t t h e R oy a l I nst i tu t i o n w h i ch w as a ft er w a r ds p u bl i sh e d
i n w h i ch h e e n d ea v o u r e d t o p ro v e t h a t w h a t h e c o n s i d e re d cccc m
'

t r i c i t i e s o f co l o u r i n T u r n e r s l a t e r o i l p i c tu r e s w e r e d u e — n o t t o h i s
’

att e m p t s t o p a i n t t h e un p a i nt a bl e— b ut t o a s e n i l e a ff e ct i o n of h i s
e y e s w h i ch c a u se d an u nn a t u r a l d i s t o r t i o n o f h i s v i s i on t o y e ll o w i n

e v e r yth i n g B u t P ro fe ss or L i e b r e i ch c a n h a r d l y h a v e b e e n a w a r e th a t
,

a l th o u gh t h e o i l p i ct u re s u p o n w h i ch h e r e st e d h i s th e o ry b e i ng ,

m ai n l y att e m p ts t o d e p i ct o bj e cts o r sc e n e r y se e n i n fu ll s un l i gh t ,

n ec ess a ri l y t e nd e d t o w a rd s y e ll o w a s th e i r p re v a i l i ng c o l o u r y e t at ,

t h e v e r y s a m e t i m e an d u p t o h i s d e a th T u r n e r w a s d a i l y p r o d u c i n g
, ,

t h e s a n e st m o st d e l i c a t e m o st re fi n e d w a t e r c o l o u r d r a w i n g s i n t h e
, ,
-

p al e st as w e ll a s t h e d e ep est t on es of e v e ry co l ou r o n h i s p al e tt e !
A ll t h e S w i ss V e n e t i a n an d o th e r s k e tch es of 1 8 38 to 1 8 4 5 w h i ch
, ,

a re t h e c ro w n i n g g l or y o f t h e W a t e r C o l o u r R o o m s i n T r a fa l g a r
-

S qu a re w e r e e x e cut e d d u ri n g t h e p er i o d w h e n a cc o r d i ng t o
, ,

P r o fesso r L i e b r ei ch T u r n er s si gh t w as p e r m a n e nt l y a n d h o p e l e ss l y
’
,

a ff e c t e d 1 N o dou b t h e r e c o g n i se d t h a t w a t e r c o l o ur w as un su i t e d -

a s a m e d i u m f or h i s n e w a i m a t p a i n t i ng p u re l i gh t a n d confi n e d ,

h i m s e l f a cc or d i ng l y for such su bj e cts t o o i l p a i n t i n g

, , .

Th e a tt a c k s of t h e c ri t i cs h o w e v e r h ad h ad th e i r e ff e ct on
, ,

t h e p u bl i c and T u r n e r i n h i s l a t e r y e a r s b e g a n t o find d i ffi cu l ty i n
,

se ll i ng e v e n h i s d ra w i ngs . R u sk i n i n h i s N o t e s on h i s D raw i ngs

E xh i b i t e d a t t h e F i n e A r ts S o c i e ty
,

,
t e ll s w i th i n i m i t a bl e
ch arm a n d p ath o s h o w t h e o ld p ai nt e r r e t u rn i ng i n t h e w i n t e r of
,

1 8 4 2 fro m a t o u r i n S w i t z e r l a nd b ro u gh t b a c k w i th h i m a s e r i e s
,

o f i m p o r t a n t s k e tch e s , fou r t e e n o f w h i ch h e pl ac e d a s w as h i s ,

cust om i n t h e h a nds o f G ri fli t h s h i s a g e n t w i th a v i e w to t h e
,

l a tt e r s o b tai n i ng c om m i ss i o ns forfi n i sked d ra wi ngs o f e a ch A l th o ugh

, ,
’

t h e p r i c e a s k e d f o r a l ar g e fi n i sh e d d r a w i ng w as o n l y e i gh ty gu i n e as
.

a n d n o t w i t hst a nd i n g t h e g re a t b e a uty o f t h e s k e tch e s n i n e c o m m i s

,

s i o n s o n l y c ou l d b e o b t ai n e d R us k i n h i s fa th er M un r o of N o v ar
,

.
,

a n d B i c k n e ll o f H e r n e H i ll a ll ch ose o n e o r m o r e b ut o th e r fo r m e r
, ,

, ,

p at ron s saw i n th e m w h a t th e y reg ar d e d a s a n ew styl e an d d’ec l i n e d

th em T h i r ty y e a rs a ft e r R u s k i n— w i th p ri d e f o r T u r n e r s sa k e
,

.
,

h e t e ll s u s— s o l d h i s L ucer n e Town f o r a thousand g u i n e a s

,

i t h as
s i nc e ch a ng e d h a nds a t t w o th o us an d Th e L a ke of Con sta n ce w h i ch
.

at t h e t i m e n o o n e w ou l d b u y w a s g i v e n t o G ri ffi ths i n l i e u o f h i s
,

c o m m i ssi o n i t fe tch e d t w o th o usa nd t h r e e h un d r e d gu i n e a s a t

C h ri st i e s i n 1 9 0 7 1 A fte r 1 8 4 5 Tu r n er s h eal th g ra d u a lly fa i l e d ;
’ ’

h e c o nt i n u e d t o w o r k a t h i s o i l p a i nt i ngs u p t o h i s d e a th i n 1 8 1
5
b ut so far as i s k n ow n h e e x e c u t e d c om p ar ati ve l y few w a ter c ol o u r
,

-
, ,

s k e tch e s o r d r a w i n gs d u ri n g h i s l a st y e a r s .

Li t t l e h as h i t h er t o b e e n s a i d a s t o T u r n e r s tecb n i ue i n w a t e r
’
g
c ol o u r a l th o u gh t h e su bj e ct i s o n e o f g r e a t i n t e r est b u t unfor tun a t e l y , , ,
 p
m y o i n t of v i w i o l l y th at f stud n t and / i o e s s on l y e o a e , t ec zn ue ca n

b e ad e qua t e yl d al t w i h b y i st M uch v l ua bl i nf m at i on
e t a n a rt . a e or

h ow v h qu st i n w i ll b f u nd i R dg v Cn y f
,
’
e e r, o n t e e o e o n e ra e s e tu r o

P i nt s
a V l I er and i R og s H i st ry f h Ol d W t
,
”
o . .
, n et
’
o o t e a er

C o l our S oc i ty F o m h fi rs h w a g at i n n v ato ch s i ng
e . r t e t e as re o r, oo

h i m at r i a l s an d ft n i n v n t i ng h i m hods w i th u t r g d
s e o e e s et o e ar to
custo m p c d nt or anyth i ng b ut h t a i n m nt f h p c i s
, re e e , t e a t e o t e re e

e ff ct w h i c h h d s i d
e h tim e S i gns of sc a p i ng p g i g
e re at t e e . r , s on e n

of bl tt i ng p p r c nstan l y
,

t h e u se o b s n i
- a hi e , etc .
, are o t to e ee n s

d w i ngs I n s m i nc l ud i ng
ra . i m y w p oss ss i n h m k s
o e, on e n o n e o , t e ar

of h i th m b s d i st i nc l y v i s i bl i pl ac s B
u a re h r su l alw ays t e n e . ut t e e t
j ust i fi d h m ans m pl y d W i h h i i l p i ctur s s p c i ll y
e t e e e o e t s o e , e e a

th os p a i n t d ft
e 8 3 hi e x p i m n ts
a er w kn w w 1 ft n 0, s e er e ,
as e o , e re o e

d i s s ous i th i u l t i m t ff cts b u t i i xt m l y
a tr n e r find any a e e e , t s e re e ra r e t o

of h i w at r c l u s w h i ch h a v su ff d i h s m all st d g
s e - o o r wh n e e re n t e e e re e e

th y h a v b n p o p l y k p t B
e e ee l as as h a l dy b n p o i n t d
r er e . ut a , as re a ee e

ou t o n l y, m ny d m ongst thos s m
t oo a f h fin s t ha
, an a e o e o t e e , ve

b n and st i ll b i ng i rr t i v bl y d m g d d c h ng d b y
ee , a re e ,
e r e a a a e an a e co n

i
t n ua l x p osu to l i gh t b th i P u bl i c G ll ri s an d
e re h w a lls of
,
o n a e e on t e

th i o w n rs
e r e .

In fo re go i n g p ag es I h a v e e nd e a v our e d t o a v o i d a d di n g to
the
t h e a l r e a dy su ffi c i e n t v o l u m e o f
’ ’
aes t h e t i c c r i t i c i s m of Tu rn e r s ‘

a r t a n d I sh a ll c o n fi n e m ys e l f no w t o t h e b r i e fe s t su m m a r y o f w h a t

s ee m to m e t h e d i st i nc t i v e fe a t u re s of h i s w o r k i n w a t e r c ol o u r
,

-
.

W h a t fi rst st r i k es o n e i n h i s d r a w i ngs a p a r t fro m t h e i r t e ch n i c a l ,

s k i ll i s th e i r i n div i dua li ty ; th e y al w ays st a nd o u t a m o ngs t t h e w o rk

o f o th e r a r t i sts h o w e v e r g re a t
,

T h e ch i e f c a us e o f t h i s i s h a rd t o
, .

d e fin e b u t I sh o u l d say th a t i t i s th a t th e y a l m o st i n v a r i a bl y p oss e ss
a c e r ta i n qu al i t y o f i m a g i na t i v e n ess o f w h a t i s t e rm e d p oe t r y
,
’
No , .

m a tt e r h o w s i m pl e w a s h i s su bj e ct h e i n st i nct i v e l y sa w i t fr o m ,

i t s m o st b e aut i fu l i t s m o st ro m an t i c s i d e , I f i t h a d l i t t l e or no .

b ea u ty o r ro m a nc e of i t s o w n h e w o u l d st i ll th r o w an i n d e fi n a b le ,

ch a r m ro u n d i t b y s o m e g l e am of li gh t so m e v e i l i ng m i st so m e fa r , ,

a w a y d i st a nc e s o m e a ll u r i ng s e ns e o f m ys t e ry o f i nfin i t y ’
A nd ,
‘
.

T u r n e r w as a t ru e p oe t a l t h o ugh h e h ad l i t t l e e n o u gh o f t h e l oo k o r
,

t h e m an n e rs o f o n e T h ro ughou t h i s l i fe h e w a s a re a d e r a n d a
.

v o l u m i n o us w ri t e r o f p oe try b u t h i s w an t of e duc a t i o n d e ba rre d h i m ,

fr o m e v e r e x p re ss i ng h i m s elf c o h e re n t l y i n v e rse T h e sa m e ca u s e .
,

t o g e t h e r w i th h i s l a c k o f a s e n se o f h u m o u r i n t e r fe re d a lso w i t h t h e ,

p e rfe c t e x p ress i o n o f h i s a rt e s pe c i all y i n h i s c l as si c a l an d re l i g i o u s ,

p i ctu res a n d p re v e n t e d h i m fro m se e i ng w h a t w as i nc o ng r uous or

at t i m e s un pl e as i n g i n th e m Bu t o n l y a p oe t d ee p d o w n c o u l d h av e
,

-
.

w on as h e d i d fro m N a tur e h e r m o st i n t i m ate se c re t s ; c o u l d so

2
3
h a v e c a ugh t an d so i n i m i t a bl y h av e p o r t r ay e d h e r e v e ry m o o d an d
c h arm
p p l v b
.

A n d i t i s th i s i m r es s o f h i s d e e o e f o r t h e e a u ty a n d t h e

g ran d e u r of N a tu re— a l ov e as st ro n g a s W o r ds w o r th s a s i nt e ns e a s
’
,

S h ell e y s— w h i ch i s p e r h a p s t h e g r e a t e st c a u s e o f t h e e n d u ri ng
’

a tt r a ct i v e n e s s o f T urn e r s w or k W i th o u t i t h e w o u l d n e v e r h a v e
’
.
,

t oi l e d as h e di d all h i s l i fe fro m da w n t o da r k y e a r i n a n d y e ar o u t
,

, , ,

o b se rv i ng a n d re c o r d i n g i n th o s e n i n e t e e n th o us a n d stu d i e s e v e r y

k i nd of n a tu r al sc e n e ry ev er y changi ng c o n to u r of m i st a n d c l o ud ,

e v er e v e ry m o v e m e n t o r
,

d i ff e r i ng f o r m a n d st r uc tur e o f t
y re e ,

r e fl e ct i o n i n w at er e v e r y t ra ns i e nt e ff e ct of l i g ht st o r m w i n d or
, , ,

w e a th er
Th e n h e oft e n h a d a d e e p m e a n i ng i n h i s p i ctu re s b e y o nd w h at
.

w a s t o b e s e e n o n t h e su rfac e b e y o nd p er h a p s w h a t h e h i m s e l f c o u l d
h av e alw ays e x pl ai n e d S o m e t i m e s n o d o u b t i t w as f ar—
, , ,

fe tch e d
, , ,

s o m e t i m es fa nt a s t i c y e t i t g i v e s a cha r act er t o h i s a r t w h i ch m e re
.

t e ch n i ca l s k i ll o r p e rfe ct d e si gn d o n o t b y th e m s e lv e s atta i n By
,

t h e m o d e rn sch o o l of l a nd sc a p i sts th i s w o u l d p ro b a bl y b e r e g a r d e d
a s a d e fe ct or e v e n a h e r e sy P i cto ri a l a r t th e y say sh o u l d n o t b e
.
, ,

l i t e r ary sho u l d n ot b e i n t ell e ctu al B u t t o m e i t se e m s th a t t h e

‘ ’
.

w or k of t h e h i gh est ar t i sts— of Le on ar d o M i ch ae l A ng el o H o lb e i n
,

, , ,

R em b r andt fo r e x a m pl e— al m ost i n v ari abl y app e al s to t h e i n t e ll e ct

,

a s w e ll a s t o t h e s e n ses M i n d se n si bl y o r i n se ns i bl y i nt e nt i o n a ll y
.
, ,

o r u n i nt e n t i o n a ll y sp ea k s t o m i n d A s h as b ee n w e ll s ai d ap r op os
.

o f R us k i n s w r i t i n g s on T u r n e r W h a t i f R u s k i n s t or ch l i gh ts
,
’ ’

u p so m e b e au ty that t h e p a i n t e r h i m sel f w as n ev e r a w a re o f ?
A s a gr e a t m a n s i n v e nt i ons w i ll c arry m o r e re a d i n gs th a n h i s
’

ow n so t h e m e a n i ng o f a g r e a t p a i nt e r i s not t o b e l i m i t e d t o h i s

e x p r ess e d or p alp a bl e i n t e nt i ons Th e re i s a h a r m o n y b e t w e e n

,

t h e i m a g i n i ngs o f b o th and N atu r e w h i ch o p e ns o u t a n i nfi n i t e ,

r a ng e o f s i gn i fic a nc e a n d su pp or t s an i n fi n i t e v a r i e ty o f i nt e r
”
ret at i o n s
p .

A ft er tt ai n e d m anho o d— say fr o m 1 8 07 o n w a r ds
T u r n er h a d a

h i s cr ea ti v e p o w e r c o nstant l y and i n c r e as i n g l y m a d e i t s e l f f e l t It .

i s m ore e v i d e nt i n h i s oi l p i c t u re s th a n i n h i s w a t e r— c o l o u rs b e caus e ,

i n t h e l a tt er m o r e o r l e ss thr o u gh o ut h i s l i fe ha w a s e m pl o y e d on
, ,

i ll u st r a t i v e t o p o g r ap h i c a l w o r k B u t a t an e arl y p e ri o d i t i s v i s i bl e
'

, , .

i n h i s d r a w i n gs n o t a bl y i n h i s L i ber S tudi or um ( 1 8 0 7
(
,

L e av i ng a si d e a c t u al l a n dsc ap e s s uch a s S olw ay M oss B en A r t/zur e t c , ,

h i s c r e a t i v e i m a g i n a t i v e p o w e r i s s e e n i n such su bj e cts as [ E sa cus

.
,

H esp er i c P ea t B og , P r ocr i s a n d Cep /za lu s , T/ze L ost Sa i lor a n d

a nd ,

o th e r pl
a t e s o f t h e Li ber I l pp
t a so a e ar s fro m t i m e t o t i m e i n a t e r
. l
w
d r a i n gs Y e t a re c e n t
. b p
i o g r a h e r h a s ad an c e d t h e as t o n i sh i ng v
t h e or y th a t , w ’
v w
h a t e e r e r e T u r n e r s m e ri ts , u t o a m o st t h e e n d of p l
24
 l
h i s i fe h e w v
as not a cr e at i e a r t i st m e r e y an i llustr a tor and th i s
,
l
b l p p b l
,

i d e a h as e e n ch a r act e r i st i cal y caugh t u an d r e e at e d y t h e at e st

w
G e r m an ri t e r on M od e r n A r t B u t i s th e re a n y t r u t h i n i t ?
.

I k p
th i n not T h e a i n t e r o f The F r osty M or n ing , and r ossi ng the
. C
l ll
.

B r ook (N at i on a G a e r y ) ; of The Gua r dshi p a t t he Nor e ( L ady

C
W antag e) o f hi lde Ha r old s P i lg r i mag e and Ulysses D er i d i ng
'

P olyp hemus ( at i ona Ga e ry ) N l ll o f The Sh i w r eck

p ( at i ona G a l e r y N
) l l
v
,
”
an d a do ze n oth e r g re a t S e a P i c t u r e s , no t a c re a t i e art i st T h e
C . . A
draugh tsm a n of hry ses ( M rs T sh t o n ) The La a E nd S ou t h e r n ,

C The Long sh ip s L ig hthouse ( “

l
CE
o as t a nd and The
A lp s a t D ay br ea k and The Vi si on of olu us ng ’
Ro g e rs s P oe m s
f the Wa r r i or
’
The P la i n s o “
f Tr oy’ ( By ro n s P o e m s The M a ster ing o
A ng els l
M i t o n s P oem s I
f th e s e, a n d sc o res o f o th e rs h i ch w
m i gh t b e a dd e d a re n o t e xam e s of
, pl
“ ”
cr e at i e a r t , h e re ar e v w
“
v l p I
c re at i e andsc a es t o b e found ? s M art i n s P la i n s of Heav en ’

p O
t o b e r e g a rd e d as t h e ty e ? v
r i s th e r e no s uch th i ng as c re a t i e
l p
an dsca e a rt ? B u t , a ft e r all, d oe s t h e qu e st i o n n ee d a rgu i n g ?
j
M a y on e not ust as e as w ll k w ll lA l
h e th e r Bo tt i c e i , M i cha e ng e o ,
Rp l R b R b w v
a h a e , u e ns , e m r andt e r e c r e at i e a r t i sts
,

O ’
l k ll w l
f T u r n e r s t e ch n i c a s i i n at e r- co ou r , th e re i s no n e e d to
p k lw b l v b
s e a h i s co m m and o f h i s m at e r i a as a s o u t e a n d h as n e e r ee n
ll
e qu a e d A
. nd h i s se ns e of d es i gn o f ala n c e of rh y th m —o f h a t
b w
sty e —
, ,

i s te rm e d l lw p
w as a a ys re s e n t H e h ad c a ugh t i t a t t h e
.

l
o u ts e t o f h i s car e e r fr o m h i s c o s e study o f R l
i cha r d W i son , w h o
p Cl
h ad i nh e r i t e d i t as a t ra d i t i o n fro m G as a r P o u ss i n au de an d t he , ,

p v
a i n t e rs o f t h e s e e n t ee nth c e n t u r yR l a re y i s th e re a ny t h i ng
t e n tat i e a o ut h i s dra i ngs T h e y a re d e c i s i e — t h e d e s i gn as
.

v b w . v w
l v bl
a m ost i n a ri a b w l b
y s e e n y h i m as a h o e fr o m t h e e g i n n i ng , .

O w k pl w
ft e n h i s o r d i d n o t e ase h i m a n d i f i t as fin i sh e d i t as w
di sc a rd e d i f u nfin i sh e d i t as c a rri e d n o fu r t h e r— as m a y b e s e e n
,

w
N
,

l w l b
i n s e v e ra of t h e dr a i ngs re c e n t y ( 1 9 0 8 ) e xh i i t e d a t t h e l a t i on a

l p
G a l e ry , and a good m an y of t h e o i l i c t u re s at t h e T a t e G a e ry ll
as a so e m h at i c al y a g re a t co our i s t—o n e of t h e g rea t e st ;
.

He w l p l l
l l l l p
du ri n g t h e a tt e r h a f o f h i s i fe h e though t i n c o our and co m o s e d ,

l
i n co o ur , and i t w w lp v
as i th h i m a n i n t e g r a ar t o f e e r y d es i gn .

Th at i s w w v l p
h y h i s dra i ngs can n e e r b e a d e qu a t e y r e r od uc e d yb
p p l b p
o r d i n a ry hot o g ra h y D ur i ng m i dd e li f e , as h as e e n o i n t e d
.

l
o u t , h i s co o ur at t i m e s b b
e ca m e fo r c e d and fl o r i d , v
ut i t w as n e e r
m or e p v ,
b l v bl
u re n e e r m or e e au t i fu , n e e r m o re no e th a n i n h i s ,

k
lat e st s e t ch e s .

A b w ’
l p ll
t t i m e s , n o do u t , T u r n e r s a t e r-c o o u rs , es e c i a y th os e
e x ec u t e d b w et e en 1 8 20 an d v
1 8 6,
3 h a e a t e nd e n cy t o un du e
pl v w bj
c o m e x i ty o f d e s i gn , a n d t o o e rc r o d i ng bo t h o f su e c t and
l i gh ts . bl
P oss i y to so m e e xt e n t t h i s w p v l
as d u e to t h e re ai i n g
O 25
st a nd a r d of E n gl i sh a r t an d E ng l i sh t a st e a t th a t t i m e Th e n .
,

pe r h ap s e v en m o re th a n n o w h i gh fin i sh w as t o o o ft e n undu l y ,

i ns i st e d o n B u t you w i ll n e v e r fin d t oo h i gh fin i sh o r o v e r
.

c r o w d i ng i n t h e dr a w i ng s w h i ch h e m a d e f or hi mself His
figu re s a lso w er e fr e q u e nt l y unsa t i sfa ct o r y I t w as n o t th a t h e .

c o u l d n o t d ra w th e m — a t fi r st th ey w e re d ai n ty a n d c a r efu l as
, ,

m ay b e s e e n i n t h e t w o e a r l y d r a w i ngs P l a t e s I a n d III Bu t i n , . .

h i s l a t e r y e ar s h e s e e m e d t o re g a r d fig u r e s si m pl y a s p o i n t s of l i ght ,

c o l o u r or c om p o s i t i o n — th e y w e re a lw a ys e ff e ct i v e a s such — a n d h e
o ft e n t re a t e d th em c a r e l e ssl y— so m e t i m e s e v e n c oarse l y— t o t h e
d e t r i m e n t o f so m e o f h i s oth e r w i se m ost b e a u t i fu l w o r k s .

l
T u r n e r i s o ft e n c a i m e d y t h e m i i t a n t sch oo o f andsc a i sts b l l l p
o f t o— d ay as on e o f t h e fi r st and g r e a t e st i m re ss i o n i sts
‘ ’
n a p . I
b ’
c er t a i n se ns e n o do u t th i s i s t r u e u t h i s i m r e ss i on i s m , i t s e e m s ,
b p
t o m e w as , w ll
h o y d i ff e r e nt i n n a tu r e fr om th e i r s .

l
D u ri n g h i s i fe , a s w e h a e s e e n , h e m a d e th o us a nds o f s e tch e s , v k
l lb
s om e s i gh t s om e e a o r a t e of ac e s , sc e n e r y , an d n a tura e ff e ct s
, ,
pl l
s h o r th a nd m e m o ra n da
’
so t o s e a — m any of h i ch m ay c e r t a i n y
, p k w l
b e ca e d ll ‘
i m re ss i on i st
’
p
B ut a ll these w er e f oun ded on , or w er e
.

i n ten ded t o a dd to h i s a ccur a te, mi n u te a n d ex ha us t i v e study of n a tur a l

,
f
or ms , a n d a d r a u htsma n shi r oba bl n ev er been e ua lled b
g p w h i ch ha s
p y q y
other la n ds ca e
an
y p p a in ter .

Th e n a s i s n o t or i o u s h e fr e qu e n t y a t e r e d c e r t a i n fe a t u r e s of
, ,
l l
l a ndsc a e s o r p b l
u i d i ng s t o s u i t t h e r e qu i re m e n ts o f h i s i ct u r e s p
t h e i r sy m m e t r y , th e i r acc e n t , th e i r c o o u r sch e m e — or i n o r d e r l -

v
t o c o n e y so m e su gg e st i o n a s t o th e i r m e a n i n g n a e tt e r st i . I l ll
p reser v e d h e d e cla res h i m s e lf o
, os e d t o i t e ra i sm i n a ndsc a e pp l l l p
“ —
m e r e m ap m a i ng
”
h e t erm s i t k nd h e n fo r a n y r e aso n h e . A w
l ll l l
th us a t ere d t h e a ct u a fe at u r e s o f a sc e n e h e st i a m o st a ay s lw
v p w l ll
,

c on t ri e d t o r e se r v e t h e i mp r essi on o f i t a s a h o e— u s u a y u nd e r
b p I
i t s e st a s e ct , a t i t s ch o i c est m om e n t l
n th i s s e ns e a s o h e w as a n
p
.

’
i m r e ss i o n i st .

A g i n w h n t w ds h c l f h i l i f h b g n
a , e o ar tt m pt t e ose o s e e e a to a e
th e p s nt ti n (m i n l y i i l c l u ) f p u
re re e a o n l i gh t— a i n o o o r o re su as n
hi l t t V i
s a es p i c s ; of f m i s w i ft t m v m n t— i
en ce t u re or or n es o e e as n
R i Sp d
a n, d S m ee f h m i gh ty c nt d i ng f c s of N atu
an tea ; or o t e o en or e re
— i hi S w S m
as n
f H wi h h p i t d
s no h bj
t or i h o ar c e a n e suc su ects n t e

n l y m th d b y w h i ch th y c u l d b i t ll i g i bl y n d d I n
,

o e o e o e n e re ere

t l i h i N ct n s d m nst t d f
.

th s m w
e a
y W he i a s h fi t
er , n s o ur e e o ra e or t e rs

b p v l bj
,

t1m
i
e W t nn h ty
e s er f i c d n u
a rt ,g y t ct e e au o r o sa an e e o e s
se en d i m l i gh t
i n B th p f c d pt d h imp.
i nis o er o r e a o e t e
‘
r ess o t
m th d b c us i t w
e o , h
e a l y ff cti v i nd d h l y p ossi bl
e as t e on e e e, ee t e on e
on e .
TH E T U R N E R D R AW I N G S I N THE N A T I ON A L
G A LL E R Y LON D ON BY A J ,
. . . F I NBE R G .

HE u su a l w ay of p a i nt i n g a l a ndsc a p e n o w ad ays i s fo r t h e
a r t i s t t o t a k e h i s e ase l a n d c a n v a s o u t i n t o t h e fi e l ds a n d t o ,

w or k as far as p o ssi bl e w i th t h e sc e’n e h e i s r e p r e se n t i n g

b e fore h i s e y e s Th e sc e n e wi th t h e a r t i st s ch os e n e ff e ct i s of ,

co u rse c o n st a n t l y ch a n g i ng so t h e ar t i s t c an w or k o n l y fo r a sh o r t
.
,

t i m e e ach d ay Th e e ff e ct i ts el f w i ll p ro b a bl y l as t for a p e ri o d
,

v ary i n g from a c o u pl e o f m i n u t e s t o a b o u t h al f an h o ur a cc or d i ng
.

t o c i r cu m st a n c e s ; b u t t h e p a i n t e r m ay b e us e fu ll y e m pl oy e d i n
g e tt i ng h i s w or k i nt o c o nd i t i o n fo r a b o u t an h o u r b e fo re t h e eff e c t
i s d u e a n d h e m ay w o r k o n f o r p e r h a p s anoth e r h o u r w h i l e t h e
e ff e c t i s s t i ll fr e sh i n h i s m e m o r y A s o n e si tt i ng of th i s k i n d wi ll
,

n o t e na bl e t h e a r t i s t t o c a rr y h i s w or k f a r i t i s n e c e ss a r y th a t h e
,

sho u l d r e tu r n d ay a ft e r d a y to t h e sc e n e a n d i f h e i s d e t e rm i n e d t o
p ai n t i t e nt i re l y o n t h e sp o t h e m u st b e p rep are d t o de v o t e so m e
,

m on t hs a t l e a st t o t h e w o r k .

Th e h ab i t of p ai nt i n g an d fi n i sh i ng p i ctu re s e n t i r e l y o u t o f d oo r s
w as I b e l i e v e i nt ro duc e d b y t h e P re —
, R ap h ae l i t e s d u ri n g t h e fift i e s ,

b u t b e fo r e th i s C o nst a bl e a n d o th e r a r t i sts h ad w o rk e d l a r g e l y fro m

,

ra th e r e l a b or a t e c o l o u r stud i es m ad e o u t o f d o o r s T u rn er d i d n o t
.

w or k at all i n th i s w ay A ll h i s p i ct u re s w er e p ai nt e d i n t h e stud i o
.
,

a n d g e n era ll y fro m v er y sl i gh t p e nc i l s k e tch e s S o f ar a s I k n o w

.

h e n e v e r m ad e e v e n a s li gh t c o l o u r st udy fro m n a tu r e f or a n y o f h i s
p i ct u re s .

A s t h e m e thods of w o rk e m pl o y e d b y t h e gr e a t ar ti sts a re of v ery

g re a t i nt e r est I th i n k i t w i ll b e w o r th w h i l e t o t a k e o n e o f h i s w e ll
,

k n o w n w o r ks a n d t o t rac e i t s e v ol ut i o n s om e w h a t i n d e t a i l Th e
b e au t i ful drawi ng of Nor ha m Ca stle re p r oduc e d h e re ( P l a te
.

w i ll d o v er y w ell for th i s p u rp ose

,

T h i s d r aw i ng w as m a d e t o b e e n g ra v e d i n a s e r i e s k n o w n a s t h e
R i v e rs of E ngl a nd C h arl e s T u r n er s r e all y fi n e m ez z o t i n t of i t
”
.
’

w as p u bl i sh e d i n 1 8 2 4 so t h e d r a w i n g m u st h a v e b e e n m a d e a t l e as t
,

a y e a r o r t w o b e fore th i s d a t e Th e p e n c i l sk e tch o n w h i ch i t w a s
.

b ase d w as m a de som e qu ar t e r of a c e n t u r y e ar li er— t o b e qu i t e

accu ra t e i n t h e su m m er o r a utu m n o f 1 7 9 7
,

A t th a t t i m e Tu r n er w as a y o u ng m an of t we n ty t w o b u t h e
.

h a d alr e a dy m a d e h i s m a r k a s o n e o f t h e b e s t t o p o g ra p h i c a l a n d
,

a n t i qu ari a n d r au ght sm e n of t h e d ay H e h a d b e e n a r e gu l a r
e xh i b i t o r a t t h e R oy al A c a d e m y f or e i gh t y e a r s an d p u bl i sh er s a n d
.

a m a t e u rs w er e b e gi nn i n g t o c o m p e t e f o r h i s p r o d u c t i o ns I t w as
h i s h a b i t e v er y su m m e r t o m ap o u t for h i m se l f a l e ngthy s k e tch i ng
.

to u r h i s ai m b e i ng t o acc u m u l a t e i n h i s p o r tfo l i o a p en c i l d r a w i ng
,

28
m ad e b y h i m s l f of v ry b u i l d i ng n tu al f at u th t h m i gh t
e e e or a r e re a e

b e ca ll d u p on i ll ustrat T h s s u bj cts w d i c t t d b y h
e to e . e e e e re a e t e

tast of h t i m w h i ch g n ra ll y ra n to w a d h ru i n d a bb ys d
e t e e, e e r s t e e e an

cast l s of h m i dd l g s A s T u n s su bj c t m att w as p c i b d
e t e e a e . r er
’
e -
er res r e
for h i m i th i s w y h d i d no t l i k h m od n art i s h a v
n a , w as t
e , e t e er t, e to e
an
y t i m l k i ng for p o m i s i ng su bj cts
e oo H h d m l y study r e . e a e re to
t h nu m ous gu i d b k s th t w
e er v n th n i x i st nc m a k
e- oo a e re e e e n e e e, t o e
ou t l i st of h m
a i m p rt n t c st l s a bb ys and G th i c b i l d i ngs
t e o re o a a e , e , o u

h i own
,

and to h u y f m to h oth
rr fast as h coach
ro on e t e e r as t e e s or s

stu dy l gs c u l d carry h i m Th m thod i cal d li d l b us i n s

r e o e e an st o

b ou t d c rr i d th gh hi s p t f
. es
l i k m n n i w h i ch h
e a er n e se t a an a e ro u t ar o
h i w k i ca l cu l t d to shoc k t h g sh i n g and c
s or s a e l t m p am n t e u as u a e er e
of t h a t i st of to day
e r -
.

Tu n s p r g a m m i 7 9 7 w as xt ns i v d w h at i
’
r er o r e n 1 an e e e o n e, an , s
m uch m or m k a bl h c r i d i o ut
e re H s m s to h a v t k n
ar e, e a r e t . e ee e a e

t h co ch i n o D b ysh i
e a as h had l dy pp p i d v yth i ng
t er re , e a re a a ro r ate e er

o f int st i t h M i d l and co unt i s H c r i d w s k tch b o k s

e re n e e . e a r e t o e o

w i th h i m ach b und handso m l y i c l f h s m ll w i h four

, e o e n a , t e a er t
h v y b ss c l as p s t h l arg w i th s v n T h p g s i h s m all
ea ra , e er e e . e a e n t e er

b oo k m s b out 5 b y 8 } i nch s th s f h l a g r a b ut
e a u re a 10 e o e o t e r e o

h N at i on l G ll y
,

1 4g by 5 B oth th s b oo k s
10 w i e e a re no n t e a a er

c ll ct i n
o e d w i ll sh t l y I h p b m ad
o , an cc ss i bl to stud n s or o e, e e a e e e t
and h g n l p u bl i c
,

t e e era .

Th c m p i gn p n w i th w d a w i ngs of I th i n k Wi g/i ld
e a a o e s t o r , , n e

M a n or , h n c m s t ch u rch w i th ta ll s p i o n a h i ll w h i c h I
e o e a a re

cann t i d n t i fy ; th n w h a v
o e d a w i ng of R h h m B idg w i th
e e e on e r ot er a r e

t h ch p l o n i
e a th ne f C i b gh C
t, l s i ng l v i w s f h
e one o on s or ou a st e, e e o t e

e xt i o an d i nt i
er r fD Ch h th r d i ff n t v i ws f h
er or o onca ster ur c ee e re e o t e

Ch h and th n t w o n at d aw i ngs of h Ch t y
,

r u i ns f P f o on te r a ct ur c e e r t e an r

I t i not t i ll h g ts K i k s ll A bb y
,

on th B i dg e t W k fi ld
r e a a e e . s e e to r ta e

th at h a t i st s m s to p us i h i b th l ss ush to h N th
t e r ee a e n s re a e r t e or .

Th l ss th n n i n d a w i n gs f th i s bj ct all m d f m
e re a re n o e a e r o s u e ,
a e ro

di ff n p o i n s of v i w ;
e re t of th s l a v s c n i n i ng h s k tch
t e on e e e e e o ta t e e

f h C ry p t — f m w h i ch S i J h n S an imp s i v w t co l ou ’
o t e ro r o o e s re s e a e r- r

w as m ad — cont i ns j ust a f ag m n t
e f c l u a d h as b n f r e o o o r, a n ee or

m any y a s a m ng h d a w i ngs xh i b i d
e r o h g u nd fl o t f h
e r e te on t e ro o r o t e

N at i on l G ll y I n h i s w y w
a a er f ll w T urn r
. K t a e can o o e to n a re s

b o ugh R i p n F unt i ns d E b y A bb ys R i ch m ond B na d

ro o o a an as e , , ar r

C ast l E gg l t n A bb y d D u h m d h n l ong h co st to
, ,

e, es o e e an r a an t e a t e a

W kw th A l n w i c k D
,

ar or , b g h B m b g h d H o l
,
y u n st a n o ro u ,
a n ro u an

I sl and J udg i ng f o m h d w i I h i n k i p a bl th Tu n
. r t e ra n
"
s t t rc e at r er

s p nt h b s p art f d y f
e t e e t Il d b h g o B wi c k a a at s an ,
ut e ot to er

i n t im d w
e to n al v i w ra w n d b i dg d m k
a er e or h e to an r e, an to a e

a sl i gh t s k tch w i h i l i m i d g m u f c l s —bl ac k bl u
t

e d s te a t o o our , e , an

o 29
 y e ll o w on l y—of t h e e v e n i ng e ff e c t Th e n e xt m o r n i ng h e w as u p
.

i n t i m e t o se e t h e su n r i s e fr om b e h i nd t h e t o w e r s of N orh am C ast l e ,

an d t o t r ac e a sl i gh t an d h u rri e d p e nc i l o u t l i n e of t h e m a i n fe a t u re s
o f t h e sc e n e T h e r e i s o n l y th i s on e s k e tch o f t h e s u bj e ct a n d i t ,

d oe s n o t c o n t ai n t h e s l i gh t e s t s u gg est i o n of l i gh t an d sh ad e o r of
.

e ff e ct B u t th e re w ere K e l so an d M e l r os e an d D r yb u r g h and
J e db u rgh A bb e ys c l ose b y w ai ti n g t o b e d r aw n and Tu r n er e vi de nt l y
.

fe l t h e m u s t h u r r y on H a v i ng d ra w n th e s e r u ns i n h i s n e at a n d
p r ec i s e w ay h e tu rn e d s o u th an d s t r uc k i n to C u m b erl a nd I n t h e
.

l arg e r sk e tch b ook a drawi n g i nsc ri b e d Keswi ck fo ll o w s i m m e di a t el y

a ft er on e o f t h e v i e w s o f M elr ose A bbey T h e n c o m e s Cocker mouth .

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,
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,

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.

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.

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.

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,

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.
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, ,

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I t m u s t h av e b ee n O ct o b er b efore T u r n e r w as fa i r l y b a c k i n h i s
stud i o i n H a nd C o u r t M ai d e n La n e an d h ad s e tt l e d d o w n t o w or k
,

u p th i s m a t e r i a l By t h e foll o w i ng A p r i l h e h a d fo ur i m p o rt a n t
,

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e D un sta n bor ou h Ca st le
.

o f th e s e o i l p a i n t i n gs
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,

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M or n ing and M or n i ng a mong st the Con iston F ells) h a ng i n t h e l i tt l e

,

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,

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, .

f Cr oma ck Wa ter a r e a ll y fi n e p a i nt i n g though i t h a s

,

wi t h p a r t o ,

da r k e n e d c o n si d e r a bl y A s t h e fi rst i m p o r t a nt oi l p ai nt i n g i n w h i ch
,

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,

hang i n g i n Tr af a l g ar S qu are Th e p e n c i l d r a w i ng on w h i ch i t w a s
.

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I h av l ady r f r d d h d a w i g of N h m C l w i h
,

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which w no w m e a re p art i cu l rl y conc n d o re a er e .

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79 8 i eh h r p roduce d n 1 s not t e on e e e re e .

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of M L r dy W l t s
. au n A p hotog a p h i c p d ct i n of i w as
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.

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e n r er d it i r o r er . an s

w orth p aus i ng a m m n t c m p ar th i s w i h h o i g i n l p nc i l o e to o e t t e r a e

s k tc h d to c ns i d i xact l y w h at r l t i n th s t w o d w i ngs
e an o er n e e a o e e ra

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to e o e .

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e ro a re s say er e o e ra s to

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e ar i w n t an d th n
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u p n h i m m y for h fu th r l a b t i n th t w
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e r s e to o e t e e e e

h as w i tn ss d w h i ch h h s m m yst i ous p w
e e , f st i n ge as o e er o er o or

so m w h e i h i m i nd so m th i ng l i k
e re n sI su pp h u nd v l p d
, e e, ose , t e e e o e

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o e n th i th o ry w sho u l d h a v
o . r to s e e e

to assu m th t h p a t i cu l r s i gh t of h s un r i s i ng b h i nd N o h m
e a t e r a t e e r a

T o w rs w h i ch h ad g
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re e e r e on t e or e r e ro

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e o e h i nn r a c ss s of h i
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p i t
r a e m m n t ca m o h had
e n l y s l ct h i s p e, i cu l are i m ag o to e e t a rt e

f m m ng h m i ll i ons f th r i m ag s i h s m m ys i s
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stor h us e o d v l p i
e, tod co p y i o n e e oh i c n v as I n d
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et d l i ng w i h h p oc ss s
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o f a t i st i c c at i n w ha v
r re ass m an i nt ll i g n t h u m an g nt
o e e to u e e e a e ,

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o e ra ro re e a e

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e . ssu m that e i st s s ns s and n ot a e an art e e

i n t ll ct w o k l i k
e e h m chan i s m
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a b n m l w ay un l ss w h v s m st ong v i d nc to su pp r
or a e e a e o e r e e e o t

us A nd w m ust l r m m b r h
,

. e v i sual i m g i a us fu l
a so e e e t at a a e s e

a b st ct i n i p sycho l gy b u t i h consc i us l i f of
ra o n o i nt ll i g n, n t e o e an e e t
h u m an b i ng i i m l y e l m n t w i th i n h o d i na y l i f of
t s e re an e e e t e r r e

though t d f li ng L us th f an ee su m that T u . eton l y e re o r e a s e rn e r n o t

m ad ff t t r t i n h
e no e or x ct v i sua l i m p ss i o n f h sc n i
o e a t e e a re o t e e e n

th h d i d v n at m p t to s p a a th i s i m p ss i on
at e n ot e e te e r te re

n l w h o l of th gh t e ra d f li n g i w h i ch i w as
e ou an ee n t
Th p a i cu l ar m r f s ns p c p t i on w ou l d th n
e rt at t e o e e- er e e

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e om e i nco p
r or at e d i n t h e g e n e r a l i d e a o r t h e o bj e ct — i n the
o rdi n ar y w ay i n w h i ch s e n se q u al i t i e s a re p r e s e rv e d i n i d e a s .

W h e n T u r n e r th e r e fore sat do w n to m a k e h i s p i ctu re w h a t h e ,

w o u l d h a v e p r om i n e nt l y an d c l earl y b e fore h i s m i n d w o u l d b e a
g e n e r a l i d e a o f N o r h am C ast l e as a ru i n e d b o r d e r for t re ss a sc e n e ,

o f m a ny a bl oo dy f r a y a n d o f m uch b yg o n e s pl e nd o u r a n d s u ff e r i ng .

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-

ty p e u se d t o d esc ri b e c o n t em p t u ou sl y as l i t e ra ry t h a t i s i t w as
,

st ee p e d i n t h e c ol o u r s o f t h e h i st or i ca l i m ag i n a t i on and w a s p rac t i
,

c all y t h e sam e as th a t w h i ch a m an l i k e Si r W a l t e r S cot t o r a n y

c u l t i v a t e d p e r so n of t h e p r es e n t t i m e w ou l d a ss o c i a t e w i th t h e s am e
o bj e ct I nst ea d th er efor e of h av i ng a si n g l e i m a g e b e fo re h i s
m i nd w h i ch h e h ad m e r e l y to c o p y T u r n e r sta r t e d w i th a c o m pl e x
.
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i d e a w h i c h m i gh t i n d e e d h a v e b ee n e x p re ss e d m ore o r l e ss
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a d e q u a t e l y i n t h e t e r m s o f s o m e o th er a r t b ut w h i ch h e ch o s e on
,

t h i s o ccas i o n t o e x p r e ss i n p i ct or i a l t e r m s .

I n t h i s w ay w e c an u nd e rst a nd w h y T u r n e r di d a s a m a tt e r o f ,

fact fre qu e n t l y and c o nst a n t l y a tt em p t t o e x p r e ss h i s i d e as i n t h e

form of v er b a l p o e t r y an d w h y i n t h e dr a w i ng w e a re n o w
,

, ,

c o n si d e ri ng h e fe l t h i m s e l f j u st i fi e d not o n l y i n fi lli ng ou t h i s
,

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b u t al so i n t ak i n g c o nsi d era bl e l i b er ti es w i th t h e facts c o n t ai n e d i n

t h e s k e tch a l t er i ng th em an d fa l si fy i ng th e m i n w a ys th a t cou l d
,

not b e d e fe nd e d i f h i s ai m h a d b e e n t o r ep roduc e t h e a c tu a l sc e n e
i t se lf Th e c o l o u ri n g t oo of M r W a l t e r s d ra w i ng o w e s m uch m o r e
’
. .

t o Tu r n e r s study o f W i l so n s p i ct u r e s th a n t o h i s v i su a l m e m or y o f
’ ’

n a tu ral sc e n es ; t h a t i s t o say t h e c ol o u r i s us e d a s a n i nst r u m e n t

o f e x p r e s si o n —
,

a s a m e a ns t o b ri ng t h e i m a g i nat i o n a n d fe e l i ngs
,

o f t h e s p e ct a to r i n t o h a r m o ny w i th t h e a r t i st s i d ea s a s w e ll a s t o
’
,

i nd i c a t e i n t h e c l e ar e st p oss i bl e m a n n e r th a t i t w a s n o t t h e a r t i st s ’

i nt e n t i o n t o r e p re se n t t h e actu a l sc e n e i n i t s p r osa i c d e t a i l s .

Th i s p i ct u re w i th t h e o th e r s e x h i b i t e d i n 1 7 9 8 se tt l e d t h e
, ,

qu e st i o n fo r T u r n er s b ro th er a r t i sts an d for h i m s e lf th a t h e w a s a
’

g e n u i n el y i m a gi n a t i v e ar t i st a n d n o t a m e r e l y c l e v e r t o p og rap h i c a l
d ra u gh ts m a n Th e fo ll o w i n g y e ar h e w as e l e ct e d an A ss o c i at e o f
.

t h e R o y a l A c a d e m y a t t h e e a r l y a e o f t w e nty — fo u r an d th ro u gh o u t
,
g ,

h i s l on g l i fe h e a lw a ys r e g ar d e d h i m s e l f a s e nt i t le d to ta k e an y
li b er ti es w i th a ctu al t op ograp h i c a l facts th a t t h e e x p re ss i on of h i s
i d e a s d em a nd e d .

Th e s u cc ess of t h e fi r st Nor h a m Ca s tle d r a w i n g i nd u c e d T u r n e r

t o re p e a t t h e su bj e ct s e v e r a l t i m e s Th e l a t e M r s T h w a i t e s h a d
. .

a noth er w a t er c o l o ur of i t i n h e r c o ll e ct i o n
-
th er e a r e at l e a st th r e e
,

unfin i sh e d v e rsi ons i n t h e N a t i o n a l G a ll er y a n d I h a v e s e e n a

v n Th e su bj e ct w as e ng ra v e d i n t h e Li b e r
,

e r si o o f i t i n oi l .
“ ”
fro m w h t p u r p ort d b h p i ctu i h p ss ss i on of h
a e to e t e re n t e o e t e
H on .M L sc ll s b r . ll y f m fr s h d s i gn m ad b y h
a e e , ut re a ro a e e e t e

art i st Th n T u rn p i n t d h su bj ct ag i n f M F a wk s of
. e er a e t e e a or r e

F arn l y an d gai n b ou t 8 or 8 3 h m ad h d w i ng
.

e ,
a , a 1 22 1 2 e e t e ra

R i v s of E ngl nd s r i s h
,

for th e er p roduc d W h at i so a
”
e e , e re re e . s
i n t r st i ng i a ll th i s i th t h d t i l s i
e e n ch f th s v rs i ns s a t e e a n ea o e e e o ar e

d i ff nt y th y ll s m to h a v b n b s d
e re ,
et e a h s m p nc i l
ee e ee a e on t e a e e

s k tch Th r l at i v s i of h c st l v i s i
e . e e ach d w i ng as
e ze t e a e ar e n e ra

w ll as h d ta i l s of i t m b su s d c u m bl i n g m son ry ; h
,

e t e e s e ra re an r a t e

ch r ct r of h r i v b an k s l s v i s I n h
a a e t e l i r v s i ons h
er a o ar e . t e ea r e er t e

r i gh t b n k i st p and a c k y as su i t i ng h s l m n
s ee d gl m y ro , t e o e an oo

e ff ct of h su bj ct
e i th l
t e st v rs i on w h e h h u m bl p ast ra l
n e a te e , e re t e e o

l i f f h p r s n t i th ro w n m o i n to p m i n n c th i s b n k b co m s
e o t e e e s re ro e e, a e e

flat an d p pl d w i th fish r m n th i b oats and c w s

eo e e e ,
e r o .

In of h m any an cdot s to l d of T urn h i

on e t e p n d e e er e s re r es e te
as say i ng to an art i st w h h ad co m pl i n d f h d i sa pp i nt m n o a e o t e o e t
h h d x p i nc d r v i s i t i ng a c t i n pl ac kn w ’
e a e er e e D on t y on e er a e, ou o

m ust p i n t you r i m p ss i ons — w rds th t ff ct I don t ’

ou a to
yno w h o w tru h st y i — d I m y conf ss th t I h av a lm ost
re or o a e e .

e t e or s an a e a e

g ot i n to t h h a b i t of d i s b l i v i ng ll h s
e i s to l d a b ou T u n e e a t e tor e t r er

b u t w h th r t u e not th i s p i cu l
e r n cde i c ta i n l y w ll
or ar t ar a e o te s er e

i n v nt d
e T u n r k n w qu i t w ll h w l a g
e . r e p h i s bj c i v e e e o r e a ar t s u e t e

f li ngs and i d s pl ay d i a ll h i w k and i m ad h i m shy of

ee ea e n s or , t e

re v i s i t i ng pl c s th t h d n c i m p ss d h i m B w h n h s p k
a e a a o e re e . ut e e o e

of h i i m p r ss i ons
s
“
w m us b ca fu l not to su pp
e th a h e t e re ose t e

c u l d h a v us d h x p r ss i n i
o e h w y i i of n us d
e t e e w e o n t e a t s te e no .

H d i d not a b st act h i p t i cu l ar v i sua l i m p ss i ons fr m

e r h s ar re o t e

e m i ona l
ot d i d t i n l con t x t i
an w h i ch h y w ea x p i nc d
o a e n t e e re e er e e .

I n so f as I m p ss i n i s m m ns th i s k i nd f b st ct i on T urn
ar re o ea o a ra ,
er

w as n v r an i m p ss i on i st A nd h i fi st i d as f pl ac s w
e e re . as s r e o e e re

st p d i h c l ou i ng f h i w su bj ct i v l i f
ee e n t e o hi id s w r
r o s o n e e e , so s ea e e

e v t k i ng d i ff n t hu s h i t m p and ch c ch ng d
er a on e re e as s e er a ra ter a e .

I n th i s w y h cou l d ah s m s k tch g i n
e d g in d u se t e a e e a a an a a an

a lw ys g d i ff r n t ff c s f ro m i
a et h s nsu
e e s d u m w as m l y
e e t t t e e ou at e re

a p int f d p t
o f o ch f h i m p v i sat i n
e a r u re for m i n o or ea res ro o , a t
w h i ch h c u l d p u h i m d i t t i ns b
e o fl x i bl pl as i c f m
o r s e a o , ut a e e, t or

w h i c h d i l y to k t h sh p f i s p i i tu al c nt n
r ea o e a e o ts r o e t .

Th s c ns i d t i ns m y h lp us
e e o und rst nd w h a i p
e ra o a e to e a t s a t

at fi st to st i k h stud n of T u n s d w i ngs d s k ch as
r r e t e e t r er
’
ra an et es

strang and i nco m p h ns i bl

e Tu n w a lw ays s k ch i ng f m
re e e . r er as et ro

n atu d ft n m ak i ng d a w i ngs th at c nta i n an a m i ng w l h

r e , an o e r o az ea t

o f d t i l and d fi n i t i n y
e a h us fu l n ss of h i s k tch
e s m d
o , et t e e e s e es ee e to

v ry i i n v s rat i to th i d fin i t i on an d to h ti m s p nt u p n
a n er e o e r e t e e e o

th m Th b au t i fu l dra w i ngs n v r s m d to l ad
e . e e ny h i g e e ee e e to a t n ,

33
all p i ctu b i ng p i nt d b y p f nc f m h l i gh t t d
the re s e a e re ere e ro t e s es an

v g st s k tch s T hu t h s k tch b k w h i ch c t i s h s k tch

a ue e e s e e oo on a n t e e

f N h m C l i fi ll d w i th v n i n ty d w i ngs m t f th m
.

o or a a st e s e o er e ra ,
os o e

f ll of d t i l
u d d l i gh tf ll y p c i s
e a d g c fu l i
an h d l i nge u re e an ra e n an .

T n ur m d g er d f m t f th i m t i l b
a e oo h m p ol i fi c
u se o os o s a er a ,
ut t e o st r

b di ng s bj ct— f R i ch d W i l n s x p s i ns
’
re e u e t o u se o n e o ar so e re s o

w asunq st i n bl y h h u i d sc i bbl of N h m w h i c h w as
ue o a t e rr e r e or a , so

s l i gh t not i di c t v n h g n l sh p f t h i n d t w
as to n a e e e t e e e ra a e o e ru e o er

wi th p ci s i n d w h i ch l ft h m b of w i nd w s m b s s
re o an e t e nu er o or e ra u r e

nt i l y wh n w
,

e re d t mi d B un e er h w Tu n ne us d h i . ut e e se e o r er e s

s k tch s w
e e i ly nd t nd th t th i s a b s nc f d fin i t i n
e c an e as u ers a a e e o e o

m st ftu h v b n p si t i v dv t g t h i m w h n h c m
o en a e ee a o e a an a e o e e a e to

p i t h i p i c t s T h w l ss to p u t h i m
a n s u re . fw r ere as e
“
ou t ,
”
e e

o b t c l i h w y f h i su bj ct i v utt anc t h f m w m
s a es n t e a o s e e er e, e or as ore

flu i d d t ct bl
an h i i m m di t p u p s
ra a Th m
e tod ta i l d s e a e r o e . e o re e e

stud i s w e f c ere ow ast d f h k n wl dg th y g v h i m

o u rse n o t e , or t e o e e e a e

en a bl d h i m e fi ll h s l i gh t st h i n ts f h i
to b r di g ou t t e e o s
“
ee n
”

s bj cts w i th
u e i n xh u t i bl w l th f pl aus i bl d t i l
an e a s e ea o e e a .

Th N t i l G ll y c ll ct i n con t i ns j ust on th h und d

e a on a a er o e o a re e re

of T u n s s k tch b k sr er
’
d p ct i c ll y h e wh l f hi w k oo , an ra a t e o e o s or

d n i m m d i t l y i h p s nc of n t
o e e a e Th i d t na bl s
n t e re e e a u re . s a a e e us

t o p k wi th b s l
S ea h i ty u p n h d i fli l q st i n
a o u te au tor o t e
'

cu t ue o as to
t h l ti n b t w n T
e re a o s d n tu
e T h y p v th t h
ee u rn er
’
ar t an a re . e ro e a e

v ry s l d m i f v p i t d p i ctu s i m pl y
e e o ,
e f hi h d
e r, a n e a re
“
ou t o s ea .
”

I n v yth i n g h d i d— v n I b l i v i h c s f w h t h v
e er e e e ,
e e e, n t e a e o a a e

b n c ll d h i c l s i c l n n n p i c t s— th w as nuc l us f
ee a e s a s a o se se u re e re a e o

i m m d i t l y p c i v d f ct
e a e T h i s s nsu us b i s i s l d m i f v
er e e a . e o as s e o , e e r,

a b s nt f m h i w k b ut i t i i n v i a bl y v l i d d d i st t d
e ro s or , s ar o er a an or e

b y h p u l y s bj ct i v f c e f t h t i st s p s n al i ty w h i ch
t e re u e e or s o e ar
’
er o ,

a pp r p i at h data f s n
o r e d m u l d th m i n t
t e
y h p th
o y e se , a n o e o an s a e e

ch s oo e I t i i m p si bl p c i ll y s i nc M d n P i t
. s os w e, es e a e o er a n e rs
”
as

w i tt n to v l k h i m p t nt p t pl ay d b y n tu l f ct i
r e , o er oo t e or a ar e a ra a n

a ll of T u s c t i n b ut i i j t
rn e r
’
re a imp t v l k
o s, t s us as o r an t n ot t o o er oo

t h qu ll y bv i us d c t i n t t h th t T n n v
e e a o o s n t
an er a ru a ur er e e r u se a u re

s i m pl y f i w s k or bu t nlyts o m ns of x p s i n Th
n a e, o as a ea e re s o . e

m th ds m pl y d i
e o eh p ti c l ca w h v j st
o e di dn t e ar u ar se e a e u st u e a re ,

wi h f w xc p i ns t h m h ds w h i ch h d p t d d i g h
t e e e t o e et o e a o e ur n t e

w h l f h i ca
,

o e o s re e r .

Y t Tu n e d i d und b t d l y p n cc s i n p i n t i
r er i l d i ct l y ou e u o o a o a n o re

f m nat
ro A n i st nc f th i s k i nd i d c i b d b y Si C h l
u re . n a e o s es r e r ar es
E st l k i
a a Th n b y ( p 5 3 3 d d i t i n )
e n
“
orE st l k m t T n ur
”
. 1 r e o . a a e e ur er

d ng h i s c nd v i s i t D v nsh i p b bl y i h u m m
,

u ri s e o to e o re, ro a n t e s er
o f 8 3 1 d cc m p n i d h i m t
1 , an a c tt g n a C l st c k h
a o a e o o a e e r a o t e

s d nc of E s l k s u n t w h
,
’
.

re i e e th y st y d f
a t a f w d yse a , ere e a e or a e a .

34
E a st l k b t t h d i pp nc f h g y t i nts— w h i ch h d i d
a e a ou e sa e ara e o t e re e

n ot i m pl i c i t l y r l y — w j ti fi d e B on th w i s h w o k as us e . ut o er e t e r

is i g d c nd i t i n and I h v v y l i tt l d u b t th t w h n
n oo o o ,
a e er e o a
“

M B tt y co m s
r . u er t k th m i h nd h w i ll b bl t b i ng
e to a e e n a , e e a e o r

th m b c k
e s m th i ng l i k th i
a to o i g i n l f sh n
e Th ch i f e e r or a re ess . e e

p i n t f i nt st w i th g rd to th m f m
o o ere p nt p int f
re a e ,
ro ou r re se o o

v i w i t h cu i u f ct t h t Tu n d s n s m h v m d
e , s e r o s a a r er oe ot ee to a e a e

t h e sl i gh t t f th m i
es u se
y of h o D v onsh ei p i ctu s h n an t e e re re e

p i nt d
a e hi tu n H vi d nt l y f nd h i t i n y l i tt l p nc i l
on s re r . e e e ou s e e

s k tch s m ch m sugg st i v d d p t bl to h i p p
e e u ore e e an a a a e s ur ose s .

Ev n h l g e t i l p i ctur
e ar f C e oi g th B k i b d n ti ly
e o r oss n e r oo s ase e re on

h i s l i gh t
s d p i d l y m ad li ttl p nci l n t s A n th p o i n t f
an ra e e e o e . o er o

i nt t i th t v n w h n p i nt i g i
e re s s a e ei l fac to f c w i th n tu
e a n n o e a e a re

h di d
e m l y co p y w h t h h d i f nt f h i m A s
n ot ere a e a n ro o . ou r

i ll ust t i n sh w s th s
ra o k tch s o as c f ll y co m p s d
,
e e s hi
e e ar e ar e u o e as s

p i ctu s Th y re . i nd d o l y t ch n i ca ll y s k tch s f m n at u
e a re ee n e e e ro re

i n r ea l i ty th y d i g s f pi c
e a re p i c tu i m i n i tu
es n or t u re s o r re s n a re ,

th gh th y h pp n
ou e h v b n p int d
a e f d
to Ev n i
a e ee a e ou t o o ors . e n

w k i ng di ct f o m n tu T n
or re rm i n d fi m l y nt nch d i
a re ur er re a e r e re e n

hi s ar t i st i c p i t i n h m st os of n tur
o as H st i ll
t t i n d hi
e a er a e . e re a e s

p w f l cti n t k i ng w h t su i t d h i p p s i gn i ng h st
o er o se e o ,
a a e s ur o e, or t e re ,

a d s ppl m nt i ng f m h st
n u e e s f h i w k n wl dg w h t f
ro t e ore o s o n o e e a or

hi pu ps r w h d f cts f h m m n t y i m g b f h i y s
ose e re t e e e o t e o e ar a e e ore s e e .

Th f c t h t T u n e a lw ys w k d i th i s w y m k s i
t a r er a a or e n a a e t
e xc d i ng l y d i ffi cu l t to s p a t h i s k tch s f o m n tu f o m h
ee e ra e s e e r a re r t e
s ut di s e d i g ns f h i p i ctu s T h ugh u t h i s k tch b o k s
or es or s re . ro o s e o

an d m ng t h i l o s d a w i gs th r
a o s s o e l g n u m b f k tc h s
r n e e are a ar e er o s e e

i co l u s fi st i m p l i su m th t th s w
’
n o d r , an on e r m d u se s t o as e a e e e re a e

i m m d i t l y f m n tu
e a e B t c
ro fu l b s r v t i n sh w s th t T n
a re . u a re o e a o o a ur er

w asi h c nst n t h b i t f w k i n g v r h i p nc i l s k tch s i c l

n t e o a a o or o e s-e e e n o ou r

w h n w y f m h sc s h h d d p i ct d I n th i s w ay h
e a a ro t e en e e a e e t e

b t i fu l l i ttl k tch f E di b g h f m S M g t L h h
.

’ ”
e au e s e o n ur ro t ar are s oc ere

i m ch m
.
,

re p d c d (Pl t
ro u e o p o b bl y h d f f p i ct
a e s
’
u re r a t e ra t o a u re

t h a t i t h d i h i m i nd s
e r s a th n
n a study s f m n atu B t
e h e ut
y a ro re . e

p i n t w h th such d wi ng w as m d
o e er a h s p ot ra t i l a e on t e or n o s re a
ti ve ly un i m p rt nt ; w h at i m o i mp t nt i
a li h w v y s or e or a s t o rea se o er

s m ll p t h m l y i m i tat i v
a a ar t e p n t t i v st dy f h c l u
ere e or re re se a e u o t e o o r
an d t n ( o pp s d f m ) f n tu pl y d i T u n w o k
e as o o e to or o a re a e n r
’
er s r

Hi c l i n v l y d c i p ti v Th w h l b n t f h i m i n d
.

s o ou r m s e er ere es r e . e o e e o s
i s so e sse nt i ll y p i ct i l h t w h th h w k s f c
a or a tf c w i th a e er e or a e to a e

f m w h t i l s l y c ll d m m o y h i l i gh t t s k tch
,
”
n atu r e or ro a s oo e a e e r s s es e

w ll h i m st l b t w k i lw ys tt m p t x p ss
,

as e as s o e a ora e or s a a an a e to e re
a su bj t
i ecc nc p t
vei n d n v
o a m e l y l i t o a l t nsc
an i p t f w h t
e er ere er ra r o a
gv n s ns p c p t i n
,

i s i e in e e- er e o .

36
 p p
P e r h a s t h e m ost i m o r t an t g ro u o f d ra i ngs i n t h e na t i on a p w l
ll w
co e c t i o n a re th o se h i c h T u rn e r m ad e d u r i ng t h e ast t e n y e ar s l
of h i s w k l b w
o r i ng i fe , t e , e t e e n 1 8 35 an d 1 8 4 5 T h es e d ra i ngs
. . w
R
.

w e re not l
m a d e f o r sa e o r fo r e xh i i t i on h e nc e M r ’
us k i n s b , .

p
d esc r i t i o n o f t h e m as d e i gh t d ra i ngs l ”
e c a us e t h e y e re don e w , b w
l ’
e n t i r e y f o r t h e a r t i st s o w pl
n e asu re and d e i gh t S e e ra o f t h e m l . v l
p
ar e re ro duc e d i n th i s v l
o u m e , a m o ng th e m t h e e au t i fu s e tch b l k
of
“
L ucer ne
”
( P at e l XXI
) r e a li z e d fo r M r us i n
. i n 1 842 . R k
l ll
,

t h e a m o st e qu a y fi n e “
B elli n z on a f r om the r oa d t o L oca r n o
”
,

l
( at e
P an d Zu r i ch ( P at e l
bl l l
T h e s e i n i m i t a e a n d d e i gh tfu s e t ch e s h a e e e n e ry i de y k v b v w l
v b
ad m i re d a s th e y d e s e r e t o be u t th e y h a e a s o e e n ra i se d ,
, , v l b p
w p v l
so m e h a t e r e rs e y a s i t s e e m s to m e , fo r t h e i r t r uth and a ccu ra cy
p
o f r e r e s e n t a t i on A R k
s M r us i n h a s o i nt e d out th e s e s e tch e s
. . p k ,
“
a re n o t l p k k
st ri ct y s e a i ng s e tch e s fro m n a t u re ; b u t ans o r
, , pl
p w
d es i gns of i ctu r e s h i ch Tu r n e r , i f h e h a d h a d t i m e , w o u d h a e l v
m a d e of e a ch pl
ac e T h e y i nd i cat e th e re fo r e a e r fe c t y fo r m e d
.
, ,
p l
p p
co n c e t i o n of t h e fi n i sh e d i c t u r e ; a n d t h e y a re of e x a c t y t h e l
vl b w l
s am e a u e as m e m o ra nda o u d b e , i f m a d e y T u r n e r s o w n h a nd , ’

p p
of i ctu r e s of h i s n o t i n o u r oss e ss i on Th e y a re ju st t o b e r e g a rd e d .

k p bl p
as qu i c d e sc ri t i o ns o r r e m i n i sc e nc e s of no e i c t u re s ”
Mr
R k
.

l w bl
.

“
us i n i s a so u nqu e st i o na y c o r re ct h e n h e a dds t h a t no t h i ng
b p ll p lw
u t t h e e n c i i n g i n th e m w as don e o n t h e s o t , an d n o t a a ys
w w w lk b ll
th at T u r n e r us e d t o a a o ut a t o n i t h a ro o f th i n a Pe r
. p
p k p k w
i n h i s oc e t , and m a e a fe w sc ra t ch e s u o n a sh e e t o r t o o f i t ,

w w ll w
h i ch e re so m uch sh o r t h a nd i n d i ca t i o n o f a h e i sh e d to
b
re m em e r v pl
W h e n h e got to h i s i n n i n t h e e e n i ng , h e co m e t e d
.

t he p l p l l
e nc i li ng ra i d y , a n d a dd e d a s m uch c o o u r as w a s n ee d e d t o

pl p
r e co r d h i s a n o f t h e i ctu r e R k ”
pp
u s i n o n P i ctu re s
”
86 , .

I w ll p b
t i s not m y i n t e n t i o n n o w to d e u o n t h e e a u t y of t h e s e
p bl w p l
i n c o m ar a e d ra i ngs , on th e i r a ssi o n a t e i n t e ns i ty and e m o t i o n a
v l l v v
s i nc e r i t y , th e i r n e r ous e o qu e n c e a n d e us i e sugg est i e n e ss T h e .

p oi n t I w p
i sh to i n s i st o n a t r es e n t i s t h a t t h e y m us t n o t b e

p p l p l
r e g a rd e d a s a t t e m ts t o re ro du c e o r i m i t a t e t h e m e re y su e rfic i a -

l p l p v p
qua i t i e s o f hys i ca n at u re a s a t t e m t s t o g i e a n a ccu ra t e re ro ,

l
se n t a t i o n o f e ff e cts of a i r o r p
i gh t o r o f t h e sh a e s a n d fo r m s of ,

m oun t a i n , w l
a t e r o r c oud T h e a r t i s t i s n o t i m m e r se d i n t h e
.

d fi n i t ch c
e e of p h ys i c l bj cts H
ara ter ms f l th a o e . e see to ee at as

a s p i i l d s lf c nsc i us b i ng h i so m h i ng h i gh r th
r tu a an e -
o oh e e s et e an t e

m r l y n tu a l
e e d i i as m d s f x p ss i on f h u m an f
a r ,
an t s d m o e o e re o ree o

and s lf c nsc i o sn ss th a h s l y i c l f g m n ts m ust b r g d d

e -
o u e t t e e r a ra e e e ar e .

T h c l ou f T n s w k m st th
’
e d t n o r an ofo b t ak n
e o ur er or u e re re e e

as st i ct l y i d l th t i as a m d i u m f su bj c t i v x p s i on
r ea ,
a s, e o e e e re s , as a

m od of s p i i t u l m n i f st t i n
e r d a as t mp
a p s nt
e a o ,
an n ot an at e t t o re re e

37
th m e l y e reb st ct qu lai t i s of s
ra ns —p rc p t i on A nd w h t i t u
a e e e e e . a s r e

o f Tu n r c l u ’
er s d ton i o o l so t r an f h i fo m I d bt i f h
e s a ru e o s r . ou e

e v m d t l r bl y ca f l and l b t d a w i ng f a n tu l
er a e a o e a re u e a or a e r o a ra

sc n f o m h b g i nn i ng
e e r t e th ed f hi l g c — n a l y ll
to e en o s on ar e e r e r a

hi l a b t d wi ngs b i ng f a ch i t ct l su bj cts B t i nst d

s e ora e ra e o r e u ra e . u ea

o f th p e ic d pl dd i ng d w i ng th t th
r osa an o t i sts m k ( ra s a o er ar a e se e ,

f or x m pl t h l a b t p nc i l st d i s f t s b y C nst bl i
e a e, e e ora e e u e o ree o a e n

th eV i ct i d A lb t M us m ) w find h
or a a n er d ds d h un d d eu ,
e un re an re s

o f n us
erv o g p nc i l k tch s W h n w c m
ea er e t dy th s
s e e . e e o e to s u e e

a v i sh i ng k tch s w i h c w m k st n i sh i g d i sc v y th t
,

r s e e h t are e a e t e a o n o er a

t h b gbe u f h d w i g sch l h p sa i c ccu m l t i on f p

ea r o t e ra n oo , t e ro a u a o ar

i l
t c u ar p h ysi c l f ct k n w n i a a c d mi s
s n tu o i s i m pl y n ar t a a e e as a re ,
”
s

a hid s b st ct i n f h h
e ou a ra t i c l m i nd N a ur i th i s s ns
o o t e t e o re a . t e, n e e

o f h w d n v
t e or x i st d f T u n r Th w l d h
,
e er e e w und
or r e . e or e sa ar o

him w pl t w i th i nt ll i g nc w p m t d w i th s p i i t ; w h
a s re e e e e e, as er ea e r e re

ot h t i sts
er a r l y h b un l t d p hys i cal f ct and s nsu s
se e o n t e a re , re a e a e ou

s fac h i m i nd i l ady b usy w i th h i n

ur e, s s a re d i n v i s i bl ig ifi t e n er an e s n

c nca e, d h i c nn i g h n d i i nst n t l y sh p i ng f th
an s u n a p i ct i al s a a or a or

e m b od i m n t of h i e w i n i gh t and p s i nat c n v i c i n
s o n s a s o e o t o s .

O n h w h l th n th i s w T n c ns i st n t tt i t d t w ds
t e o e, e , as ur
’
er s o e a u e o ar

n t a u re , th gh of c ou i hi a l i y s h i s k tch s w
o u r se , n m s e r er ear , s e e e re c o

p i
ara t v e ly l ss s w i ft d l q n t th n th y ft w ds b ca m
e an e o ue And a e a er ar e e .

th e re w i nd d as h t p r i d d i ng w h i ch h m l y p h ys i c l
ee a s or e o ur t e e re a

f ct w f c d i nt
a as ornd e p m i n c T h i s p i od c l m i nat d
o u ue ro en e er u e

h fi st i s i t t I t l y i 8 9—8
.

i n t e r v o H tha n v l ty f h
n 1 1 1 20 . ere e o e o t e

sc n y d b u i l d i ngs st i m u l t d h th i st f d t i l d b s v at i on
e er an a e t e r or e a e o er

w h i ch h d b n g du ll y g w i ng Tu n d i ng h p v i s
a ee ra a ro on r er ur t e re ou

i
s x or s v n y s B i E ng l nd h v y q i c k n ss d st ngth
e e e ar . ut n a t e er u e an re

o f h i i tu i t i n h ad lw ays p
s n o s n t d h d i f p ci s bs v
a re v e e t e es re or re e o er a

t i n f m g i n i ng h u pp h nd I n I t l y h i p w s f i n tu i t i n
o ro a t e er a . a s o er o o

w us l s H w d i s i n t d E v yth i n g d i sc n c t d d
e re e es . e as or e e . er o er e an
t h w t d h i m H i ap i d g l c
ar e . l ng p n t t d to h i n n
s r an e no o er e e ra e t e er
e ss nc f h c n s
e e o t nd h i m H d i d
e s e e a r ou nd st nd h p pl . e n ot u er a t e eo e
an d th i w y e r d th i a l i n th i s und i gs F a t i m
s, a n e r re at o to e r u rr o n . or e
h s m d
e ee b c m l ss c t i n th n s u l f h i t i t i c m i ss i n
e to e o e e er a a u a o s ar s o

w k w i th h i usua l pl uc k d n gy ss i m i l t
.

B t h u e se t to or s an e er to a a e
h i st ng
s ra u nd i ng b y t i l ss b v t i n f h
e su r r o s ts i d Thre e o se r a o o t e ou e e
l t w v t cc m l t i n f d i g n i d or of n l y p t i ll y
.

r e su as a as a u u a o o sor a ze o ar a
or g n i d i m p si n
a ze res o s .

I i c c d d
t s on ll h nd th t T n
e e on s t i st i c w k w n t ll
a a s a ur er
’
ar or e a
to p c i e s l t f h i I t l i n x p i nc s Th B y f B i
es a s a re u o s a a e er e e . e a o a a’

c n t i ns f l t l t g th
o a au w i
s a h i c m pl t d w k s
o e er n e Ev n h n s o e e or e t e
f bl t f h i l i w k s h d b n n i m t d b y m c nt l i d
.

ee es o s e ar er or a ee a a e so e e ra ea
or m te o i on w h i ch ll h p ts w
, to b di a d d w h i ch
t e ar e re su or n a te , an

38
i nfu s e d i nto th e m w v
h a t e e r of i fe o r s i gn i fi c a nc e th e y oss e ss e d l p
I n t h e Bay of B a ia t h e art i st h a s a n unusu a qu a n t i ty of m at e ri a on l l
b
h i s h a nds , ut h e can n e i t h e r find n o r i n e n t a i ct o r i a i d e a t o g i v e v p l
b v
coh e re nc e to h i s d i sc o n n e ct e d o s e r a t i ons T h e i c tur e i s m ad e u o f . p p
b v l p lb l
i t s of i su a e x e r i e nc e s e a o r a t e y do e t ai e d i n t o o n e a noth e r , b u t v l
w b l l b
h i ch a s o u t e y re fu s e to co m i n e i n t o a n y i nd of c o nc e tu a un i ty k p l .

Y e t i f w e confin e o u r a t t e n t i on to t h e m e re y fo rm a a n d a s t r act l l b
l
s i d e o f a rt , th e re i s assu r e d y m uch t o m o e us e e n to e nth u si a st i c v v
a d m i r a t i on a m o ng t h e i m m e ns e q u a nt i t y of s e tch e s a cc u m u a t e d k l
I l v
du ri ng th i s ta i a n i s i t T h e e ry fa ct t h at T u rn e r s i ns i rat i o n
.
’
v p
w k p v
as ch e c e d re e nt e d h i s s e tch e s fr o m oss e ss i ng th e i r o n t e d k p w
r ud i m e n tary o r fo rw p ar d - o i nt i ng cha r act e r ns t e a d of e i n g h as ty I . b
p
d ra fts o f t h e i ctu re s th a t th r o ng e d i ns t a n t y i n t o h i s m i nd u on l p
w v
con t a ct i th t h e sc e n e s of h i s n a t i e a nd , th e y e c a m e m o re i e l b lk
w w
t h e dra i ngs l pl l
h i ch e ss com e t e y e qu i e d c re a t i e a r t i sts a re i n pp v
b k
t h e h a i t of m a i ng ; th e y b ec a m e
”
stud i e s i n t h e m od e r n u se
o f t h e t e rm Th e cond i t i ons o f th e i r ro duc t i on g a e fu
. ay t o p v ll pl
’
v ll p w
T u rn e r s m a r e o us o e r s o f dr a u gh ts m ansh i a n d fo rm a d e si gn p l .

w lk
B e fo r e d ra i ngs i e Rome f r om M on te M a r i o w h o can h e ax i ng lp w
v l
e n th us i ast i c o e r t h e e xqu i si t e y d e ft a n d g ra c e fu ay o f h a nd , t h e l pl
bl b v l p
s u t e o s e r a t i o n and t h e a m ost su e r h u m a n m a st e ry o f t h e d e s i gn

N w R k l
o o nd e r M r u s i n h as d e c a re d that n o d ra i ngs i n t h e o r d
. w w l
a r e to b e na m e d w i t h th e s e as e s sons i n a nd sc a e dr a i ng l l p w
(
“
R k u p
s i n o n Pi ctu r e s ,
”
B ut e fo re a ss e n t i ng h
. o ly t o b w l
b
th i s d i ctu m w e m us t re m e m e r t h a t , i n s i t e o f a th e i r at t r a c t i e p ll v
w w
n e ss , T u rn e r fo und t h e se d ra i ng s o rse th a n u se e ss fo r h i s g e n e ra l l
p p
ar t i st i c l
u r ose s , a n d th at o n y b a d a n d fo o i sh i ctu re s c a m e fro m l p
ll
th e m a n d t h e m o re c a re fu y w e s t udy t h e m a tt e r t h e m o re c e a r y l l
do w e se e th at n o th i ng b u t b ad a n d foo i sh i ctur e s cou d co m e l p l
w k w p
from or i n h i ch t h e s i r i t o f cu ri osi ty a n d of c o d a n d a ccu ra t e l
b v
o se r a t i o n i s p r e do m i n a n t .

W h v fix d e a tt n t i n h us f u p n h s k tch s and
e e our a e o t ar o t e e e

d ra w i ngs m ad f o m nat i e h N i n al G all y c ll ct i on

r u re n t e at o er o e , to
t h e exc l us i on f h fi n i sh d w t co l ou s Th i s m y s m ll h
o t e e a e r- r . a ee a t e

m or i n xcu sa bl
e e I h av p f d to t at th s s k ch s r th r
e , as e re e rr e re e e et e a e

w i th r g d th i b ar i n g u p o n h a t i t s fi n i sh d w o k— st g s
e ar to e r e t e r s
’
e r as a e

i h d v l p m n t f h c m pl t w o k f
n t e e e o e —h o i nd p nd n t
t e o e e r o a rt t an a s e e e

p roduc i ons w h i ch
t b cc p t d n i l y f th i c anw sak e a e e e t re or e r o n e .

B uti sh rt p p r l i k t h p r s n t i i i m p oss i bl to d j ust i c

n a o a e e e e e t s e o e

to all h s i d s f such
t e i m p t t co ll ct i n
e o h D a w i n gs fan o r an e o as t e r o

t h T u n r B qu st
e r e N m i lly h fin i sh d d w i n gs f m on l y
e e u e r ca t e e ra or

a s m ll f ct i on of h w h l co ll c ti on— b u t t w o h u nd d
.
,

a ra t e of o e e a o re out

a total of o v r d a w i ngs A m ng th m
e b u t t w o th i rds
r . o e a re a o -

of h t R i v s of F n c d w i ngs and m ost f h P o ts an d

e er ra e
”
ra ,
o t e r

39
“ Ri v er s o f E n g l a n d a n d R og ’
V i gn e tt e s
e rs s T h ese d ra w i ngs
.

w e re e ng ra v e d du ri n g Tu rn e r s l i fet i m e an d u nd e r h i s act i v e su p e ri n
,
’

t e nd e nc e th e y are th e r e for e a m on gst t h e b e st k n o w n of h i s w o r k s

,
.

Th e w h o l e o f t h e fi n i sh e d d r a w i ngs h a v e m o r e o v e r b e e n c o nst a n t l y
,

, ,

on e xh i b i t i o n fo r m ore th a n fifty y e a rs T h e r e r e m a i ns th e r e for e

.
, ,

l i t t l e ei t h e r of p rai se o r bl am e t o b e s ai d of th em th at h as n o t a l re a dy
b e e n sai d m a ny t i m e s W h i l e on t h e o th e r h a nd t h e st u di e s a n d
, ,

s k e tch es a r e o n l y n ow on t h e p oi nt of b e i n g m a d e a cc e ss i bl e t o t h e
.

p u bl i c
Th e p r a c t i c all y c o m pl e t e se ri e s of Tu r n e r s s k e tch e s an d stud i e s
.

fro mn a tu r e s e em s t o c a ll fo r c om p re h e n si v e t r e a t m e nt T h e i r c a re fu l .

study th ro w s a w ho ll y n e w a n d un e x p e ct e d l i gh t u p o n t h e fund a
m e nt al an d e s se nt i a l q u a l i t i e s of T u r n e r s a tt i tud e t o w a r ds n a tu r e a n d
’
,

th erefor e u p o n t h e ess e n t i a l ch a r act e r a n d l i m i t a t i o ns o f h i s a r t O r .

w h ere t h e l i gh t i s n ot a l t oge th er u n e x p e ct e d— as i t w o u l d n ot b’e

p erh ap s i n t h e cas e of a d i li ge n t and m e th o di c a l st u d en t of T u r n er s
c o m pl e t e d w o r k s— t h e s k e tch es a m pl i fy an d i ll u st r a t e i n a n a b u ndan t
'

a n d for c i bl e w a w h a t b e fore c o u l d o n l y h a v e b e e n su r m i s e d I
y .

p r op ose th e refore t o dev o t e t h e re m a i nde r of m y l i m i te d s p ac e to

, ,

an a t t e m p t t o i n d i c a t e a s b r i e fly a s p o ss i bl e t h e m a i n fe a t u r e s o f

T u r n er s c o nc e p t i o n o f n a t u re a s i t i s r e v e a l e d i n h i s s k e tch e s a n d
’
, ,

t o p o i n t ou t i t s i m p or t a nc e b o th f o r t h e p ro p e r u nd e r st a nd i ng o f h i s
fin i sh e d w or k a n d f or i t s b e ari ng u p o n s o m e ad v e r se c ri t i c i s m s th a t
h a v e b ee n b r o ugh t a g a i nst h i s w o rk .

I n m y op e n i ng r em ark s I v e n t u re d to co n t ras t T u r n er s att i t u de

’

t ow a rds n a tu r e w i th t h e a tt i tu d e of t h e m aj o ri ty of c o n t e m p o ra r y
ar t i st s . M y i n t e nt i on i n th us o pp os i n g th e s e t w o d i ff e re nt m e th o ds
o f w o r k w a s n o t t o sugg e st th a t o n e o f t h e m w a s e i th e r r i gh t o r

w ro ng i n i tsel f or th a t on e w ay w as n e c e ss ari l y b e tt e r or w o rs e th a n t h e
,

o th e r . M y i nt e nt i o n w as e x a ct l y t h e o ppo s i t e T h e r e i s not on e
.

ty p e of a r t p ro duct i on t o w h i ch all a r t i sts m us t c o nfo rm a n d t w o

'

t o ta ll y d i ff e re nt m e th ods of p ro c e du re m ay e a ch b e p os i t i v e l y r i gh t
an d e q u a ll y v a l i d . I w i ll ev e n g o fa r th e r th a n th i s a n d confe ss th a t
I r e g ar d t h e p rese nt day m e th o d of wo rk i ng from n a tu r e as t h e on l y
-

r i gh t a n d p ro p e r w ay o f a tt ai n i ng t h e r e s u l ts th a t a re a i m e d at Bu t .

i t i s t h e re su l t t h e p u r p o s e o f t h e a r t i st that j ust i fi e s t h e m e a ns a n d
,

th i s appl i e s w i th j u st as m uch fo rc e t o T u r n er s w ay o f w or k i ng as to
, ,
’

y To c on d em n Tu r n e r s p r o c e d u r e th e re fo re s i m pl y
’
t h e m od e r n w a .
,

b ec a u se i t di ff e rs from th a t n ow i n v o gu e w o u l d b e as u n w i s e a n d
,

unfai r as to c o n de m n t h e m o d e r n w ay b e caus e i t d i ff e r e d fro m h i s

,

D i ff e r en t c o nc e p t i o n s o f t h e a i m a n d sc o p e o f ar t i n v o lv e d i ff e r e n t
a tt i t u d es t o w a r ds n a t u re a n d n e c e ss i t a t e d i ff e r e nt m e th o ds o f study
,

L e t u s b e g i n w i th t h e c u rre nt c o n c e p t i o n — t h e c o nc ep t i o n of t h e
.

l a ndscap e ar t i st of t o—d ay an d of t h e p u bl i c fo r w h i ch h e w or k s Th e .

40
ai m of th i s art i s w hat i s c all e d natu r a ln e ss th at i s t h e p i c tu r e , ,

sh o u l d be ma d e to l oo k as m uch li k e nature as p o ss i bl e T h e .

standard of e xc e ll e nc e h e re i s ju st t h e o rd i na r y co m m on a p pe a r anc e
al r e a l i t y A p i ct ur e th a t l oo k s l i k e na t ure i s go od an d
.
,

l o o k s u nn a tur a l i s th e re fo re b ad Th i s k i nd of art i s
“ ”
.

c a p a bl e of g i v i ng a gr e at d e a l of i n n o c e nt pl e asu r e t o p e o pl e w ho li k e
t o b e r e m i nd e d of sc e n e s th e y l o v e or ar e i n t e r es t e d i n B u t i t h as .

i t s l i m i ts . I t cann o t g o b e y o n d t h e b are p h ys i ca l w o rl d A nd i t i s .

bo und to t re at e v e n th i s l i m i t e d a re a of e x p e r i e nc e fro m a s t ri c t l y
l i m i t e d p o i n t o f v i e w I t i s b ound to tak e t h e h ysi c al w o rl d as
.

so m e th i ng w h i ch e x i st s i n e n t i r e i nd e p e nd e nc e 0 t h e s p e c t a t o r as ,

so m e th i ng w h i ch i s i nd ee d g i v e n i n s e ns e p e r c e p t i o n b ut w h i ch t h e
-
,

s p e ctato r e m p h at i c a ll y fi nds and do es n o t m a k e N o w so fa r as w e .

ta k e na t u re i n th i s s e ns e w e h a v e t o do w i th an e x t e r n a l p o w e r
w h i ch i s u t t e rl y i nd i ffe re n t t o o u r m e re l y hu m an a i m s a n d p u rp o ses ,

a n d t h e a r t i st can o n l y l o o k u p o n h i m s e l f a s a p ass i v e r e c i p i e n t a ,

t a bula r a sa o n w h i ch e xt e r n a l n a t ur e i s r e fl e ct e d
, T h i s i s t h e st a nd .

p o i n t of t h e p ro s a i c i n t ell i g e n c e t h e l ev el u p on w h i c h m uch of t h e
,

ord i n a ry r e fl e ct i o n and d i scuss i on of t h e d a y m o v e s .

B u t m a n i s n o t r e a ll y a p a ss i v e m i rro r i n w h i ch a fo re i gn natur e
i s r e fl e c t e d n o r i s h e s a t i sfi e d m e re l y t o s u b m i t h i m s e lf t o n a t u ra l
,

i n flu e nc e s and v i c i ss i tud e s M an i s n e v e r r ea ll s a t i sfi e d t o t ak e t h e
w o r l d as h e fi nds i t b u t se ts to w o r k t o t ra n sfibrm i t i n t o w h at h e
.

fe e l s i t o ugh t t o b e T h e s o c i a l a n d p o li t i c a l w o r l d w i t h i t s re alm s
.
,

o f m ora l i ty art and re l i g i o n c a m e i n t o e x i s t e nc e a s a p ro t e s t a ga i ns t

, ,

t h e m e r e l y n atu ra l I n t h i s w o rl d c re a t e d a n d su sta i n e d b y h u m an
.
,

i n t e ll i g e nc e and w i ll t h e p hys i c al w o rl d i s n o t a b o l i sh e d o r d e st ro y e d
, ,

b ut i t i s t ra nsfor m ed i n t o a m o re o r le ss w i ll i n a cc o m pli c e of a
s t ra ng e a n d h i gh e r p o w e r I t i s i n t h i s n e w o r m w h i ch natu re
.

a ssu m e s u nd e r t h e s w ay o f i nt ell i g e nc e a n d w i ll th a t w e fi nd i t i n

r n a l w o rl d l o se s i t s st u b
’
Tu rne r s

‘
c c
Tu r n e r
’
s on e t i o n o f n a t u re , I m ay re mar k , i s i d e n t i cal wi t th a t h
o f Si r J h Ry
os ua e no d s, w h o sa ys : My n o ti o n o f n a tu re o m p re e n d s c h
no t o nl
y f
th e
orm s h ch
w i n a t u re p c l
rod u es , b u t a so t h e n a t ur e an d i n t e rn a l
b c
fa r i an d orga n i sa ti o n o f th e h um an mi n d an d i ma g i na ti o n
"

S h c
.

( e v e n t D i s o urse ) .

o
 w i th th ei r t o t all y d i ss i m i l ar ai m s c a nn o t an d ough t not
,

t o re p r e s e n t n a t u r e i n t h e s a m e w a y . Th e a r t
w i
h ch u s e s n a t u re a s

a m e d i u m f o r t h e e x p re s si o n o f i d e as a n d fe e l i ng s c a n n o t at t ai
“

n i ts

o bj e ct b y r e p r e se n t i ng p hys i c a l o bj e cts i n t h
.

e S i m pl e a n d d i re ct

w y a a pp ro p r i a t e t o t h e ar t w h i ch a i m s m e re l y a t n a tu ra l n e ss T h e .

a r t i st ’
s i n t e n t i o n m ust m a k e i t se l f m a n i fe st e v e n i n t h e m a n n er i n

w h i ch h e r e p r e s e n ts p hys i c a l o bj e, cts — i nd e e d h e , has n o o th e r w a

y
of e x p r essi n g h i s i d e as Th e a ct i v e o r c r e a t i v e a r t i st w i ll th e r e for e
.

m a k e i t c l e a r th a t h e h a s b r o k e n e nt i r e l y w i th t h e d i sc o n n e ct e d ,

a cc i d e n t a l an d p r s i i c l o o k of e v e ryd a y e x i st e nc e w h i ch i t i s t h e
‘ gi
o n e a i m o f t h e p a S S i v e a r t i s t t o r e t ai n
‘
.

F rom th i s p oi nt o f v i ew t h e ch a rge s th at ar e o ft e n b r o ugh t

a g a i n s t T u r n er th a t h i s c o l o u r i s fo r c e d and u nn a tu r a l w i ll l e av e u s ,

c ol d an d i nd i ff e re n t To m a k e such a n o bj e ct i on i s m er e l y a p ro of
,

o f m e nt a l c o nfus i o n . Th e cr ea t i v e a r t i st must b r e a k w i th t h e prosai c

v i s i o n of n a tu re i f o n l y t o m ak e i t e v i d e n t th a t h i s o bj e cts are n o t th e re
,

for th e i r ow n s a k e an d f or th e i r i m m e d i a t e effe ct b u t t o call fo r th a ,

re s p o n se an d e ch o i n t h e m i n d of t h e o b s er v e r Tu r n er s c o l o u r
“ ’
.

d ye d i n t h e a r d o u r s of t h e a t m os p h er e —i s on e of h i s m ost p o t e n t
i n st r u m e nts of e x p re s si o n an d m u st b e j u dg e d a s w e j u dg e le t us say
, , ,

t h e v e r b a l m a g i c o f S h e ll e y s v e r s e as a w or k o f fr e e b e a u t y fash i o n e d
’
, ,

i n r e sp o n se t o t h e d e e p e st an d t r u e st cra v i n gs of m an s n a tur e
’
.

Th a t T u r n e r s a r t m ov e s m a i n l y am on g t h e h i gh es t i n t e r e sts o f
’

m a n s S p i r i t u a l n a tu r e a cc ou n t s t o s om e e x t e n t f o r t h e p r e e m i n e n t
’ -

p os i t i o n h e no w o ccu p i’e s am on g m od er n a r t i sts I t i s a lw ays a s an .

a r t i st c o nsc i o us o f m a n s h i gh d e st i n y th a t h e c l a i m s t o b e j u dg e d ,

a n d t h ou gh h e o ft e n s t u m bl e d a n d h i s h a n d fa l t e r e d h e n e v e r o n c e ,

s an k t o t h e l ev e l of t h e p a ssi v e an d p r osai c i m i t a t o r o f n a t u re s ’

Th i s i s n o t t h e pl a c e t o i n qu i re m i n u t e l y i n t o T u r n e r s
’
fi n i t u de .

fai l i n g s an d sh o r tc om i n gs n o r t o study th e i r con n e ct i on w i t h t h e

,

i n n u m e r a bl e m a st er p i ec e s i n w h i c h h e d a re d a n d s om e t i m e s a tt a i n e d
t h e v e r y h i gh e st o f w h i ch ar t i s c a p a bl e . A n a d e q u a t e d i scussi o n of
t h e s u b t l e i n t e r co n n e ct i o n o f Tu r n e r s t ri u m p h s an d fa i l i n gs w ou l d
— ’

i n v o lv e t h e rai si n g o f q u e st i o n s o f w h i ch E n g l i sh c r i t i c i sm se e m s t o
p refe r t o r em ai n i n h app y i gn o r an ce I c a nn o t th e refo r e at t em p t
.

to j ust i fy m y c on v i ct i o n th a t h e i s n o t o n l y t h e g r e at e st ar t i st ou r
n at i o n h as e t p ro d u c e d b u t a l s o on e o f t h e g r e a t e st o f m od er n
y ,

a r t i sts, a m an w e m ust r a n k w i th R e m b r a n dt an d J e a n F r a n coi s

M i ll e t B u t th i s at l ea s t w i ll b e g e n era ll y c o nc e d e d th a t h e fu ll y
.

d e se rv e s th a t c o nsi d era t i o n a n d sy m p a th y w h i ch t h e r e ady i nst i nct of

,

m a n k i nd r e s e rv e s f or th os e w h o d e v o t e t h e m s e lv e s w i t h o u t st i n t a n d
w i th ou t m ea s u re t o t h e h i gh e st a n d m o st d i ffi cu l t t a s k s .

A .
J
. F I NBE RG .
 I L L U ST R A T I O N S I N C O LO U R .

W i nch e l se a M e ad o w s B y A lb e rt G oo d w i n R W S .
,
. . .

D i s t an t Vi e w o f A rund e l C as t l e fro m t h e D o w ns By . S u t t on Pa m e r l
T h e M o u t h o f t h e Th a m e s By C h ar l e s P e a rs .

A W l sh C tt g By O n ra C l d i
e o a e . o to a r an

A L i d d i d l L nd c p By T h m s S c R S A
es a e a s a e . o a ot t , . . .

T a b t L ch P y n
r er ,
o By R M G C v n y e . . . . o e tr , RS
. . W .

A u m n— G l n M i
tu By A B w n l i D h
e
yo r st o n . . ro e oc a rt

A G l i m p f h A l an i c By G g H u on A R S A
se o t e t t . eor e o st , . . . RS
. . W .

C u i ng K lp W d By W H B l
tt e ee . . . a rt e t t

N w Y k f m C
e or l and S ro F y B y J p h P nn ll
o rt t re e t e rr . ose e e

Th C i y f F
e t By J h n L v y R S A
o ez . o a er , . . .

Th P l c
e A v i gn n By H H ugh s S n t n
a a e, o . . e -
ta o

Th C n v n B m —
e o e l Mim
t, By W l r D o n
or es e s- osas . a te n e

T h Py n s f m n
e re ee F nj ux By G d n H m
ro ea r a ea . or o o e

A pp ch h Pu bl i c G d n V n i c By W i l f i d B ll
ro a to t e ar e s, e e . r a , R E
. .

T h C l i ffs f C p i
e B y A R m i ll y F dd
o a R B A
r . . o e en, . . .

S ch v n i ng n
e e By H b t M sha ll R W S
e . er er ar ,
. . . 2
35
TH E W E ST CO AST O F I RE LA ND PA C E

D c ib d
es r d i ll d by W H B
e an l u s t ra t e . . art e t t

N E W Y O RK
D c ib d
es r d i ll d by J
e
ph P
an ll u s trat e o se en n e

TH E A T M O S P H E RE O F M O R O CCO

E x pl y N b
a n at o r
y R B C i gh m
o te G h m I ll unn n a e ra a u s t r at e d
by J h L v y RS A
. . .

o n a er ,
. .

CA U D E B E C E N C A U ! - -

D c i b d by J m
es r W i ll i m I ll
e ad b W H Ch l
es a s u s t ra t e y ar to n ,
d Fl c L wi
. . .

R h C bb
ut o an o ren e e s

AV I GNO N A N D I TS N E I G H BO U RH O O D
D c ib d
es r d i ll d by H H g h
e an S u s t ra t e . u e s- ta n t o n

B O RM E S LE S M I M O SAS— A W I NTE R S K E T C H I N G G RO U N D
- -

D c ib d
es r d i ll d by W l
e an D u s t ra t e a t er on n e

TH E P Y RE NE E S

D c i b d d i ll
es r d by G d
e an H m u s t ra te or on o e

V E N I CE

D c ib d
es r d i ll d b y W i l f i d B ll R E
e an u s t ra te r a ,
. .

CA P RI

D c ib d
es r e b y K a t har i n e F e d d e n . I ll u s t r at e d by A . ll
Ro m i y F e d d e n ,
RBA. . .

TH E WA C H A U
D c i b d by A S L
es r e I ll d by G B mb e v etu s u s t ra t e u sta v a er
g e r , O sw a d l
G i ll A l i H i i h L i g i K i m i Ri ch d L N
. . .

r o s A
a e n sc u as r ar u x, n to n o v ak
E mil S ck M S p p h i h d E d d Z h
, , , ,

t re e r, ax u a n t sc t sc an uar e t sc e

H O LL AN D
D c ib d
es r d i ll d by H b
e M h ll R W S
an u strate er er t a rs a ,
. . .

ST O CK H O L M
D c ib d
es r d i ll d by C
e L i Sp
an u s t r at e ou n t ou s ar re

B O A RD S H I P AS A S K E T C H I NG G RO U N D

Ill d b y G ff y H l m
u st r a t e eo re o e
 I N T R O D UCT I O N
BY AL F R E D E AS T , R E . .

F h lf d a p pl v i i d m
-a - oze n eo e s te so e s po n t a n i m p re s i o n of n a t u re q u a l i t i e s
e ou s s

if l p w ld fi d h h i w h i ch a s ke t ch h o u l d a lw y i n c l u d e
,

b e aut
y u s ot ou ou n t at t e r s a s

pp c i i w l d xp d i T h e re i s a w i d e pre a d o p i n i n t h t a
.

a re at on ou be e re s s e n -s o a

d i ff w y S m w ld b m v d
e re n t a s o e ou e o e s k t ch i s a n i n c o m pl t
e p i c t u re N o t h i n g e e

xp h i dm i i f hi g c u l d b e m o r m i s l a d i n g A k et ch i a
. .

to e res s t e r a ra t o n o one t n o e e s s

wh i l h w l d b l d ccl i m h i d i t i n ct wo k o f a rt pa r te d fro m a n d
.
,

e ot e rs ou e e to a a t e r s r se a

pp c i i h y ll m i gh b d i fl re n t t o t h e d e l i b e a t e fl rt o f t h e a t i s t
, ,
'

f
'

a re at on o a n ot er ; et a t e e r e o r

d g l b y f h hou l d co v y i t h fu ll es t m n n e r
, ,

a g re e h as to t e e n e ra ea u t o t e a nd s n e n e a

pl c Th b y fi w l d xc i t h e q u i c k v i v i d i m p es s i o n o f t h e pl a c e
, ,

a e. e ea u t o ts t o n e ou e te It r

dmi i f c j ci f s h u l d m a rk t i n w h i ch t h e c o
, .

t h e a h
ra t o n o on e , t e on u n t on o o mom a en n

i ts c l w ld i h o ou r ou h i m r a se t e ent us as j u n c t i o n o f a ll t h i g re ve a l t h c n a t n s s e s e e

o f h wh i l
a n ot e r, hi d w ld b l d e a t r ou e e i t b e t i t h o l d h w a qu i c k
s s s u l y i s of s o ana s

to xc l i m p
e a m p i c l ch m —
u on so e to a ar a th m a t r i l w h i ch b il d p t h e c e n
e e a s a nd u u s e.

q l i y h m i gh b x p d by w d
ua t t at t e e re s s e or s wh i ch h a ve m a d e i t ffi c i n t l y t t c t i ve fo su e a ra r

rat h h p i A d l h gh h y ll
er t an a nt n a t ou t e a t h e a rt i t t p a i n t B u t a n u fi n i s h e d pi c
s o n

m i gh g i h mi y t u r e i s m e e l y t h e i n c o m pl e t e i d a o f t h e
. .

t a re e h b
n t e a n as t o t e ea u t r e

o f h t pl c e ch w l d h v h i w
a e, ea ou a e s o n p a i n t e r A s k e t ch h u l d b e a c m pl e t s o o e

p ci l dmi i A d thi g i n d i vi d u a l c o m pre h e n i ve

.

es e a f hi
rea s o n or s a ra t o n n so n as as s

if h y w p i i g h wi t h i n i t s l i m i t t i p i ct e I ts
. , , ,

t e p i e re m
a n t e rs . a nt n t e sa e as a a on s, ur

ll h i k ch m i gh c v y d i ffe re n ce l i e s i t h e d i ffe r c of i t a i m ;
.

s p ot , a t e r s et h es t on e to t e n en e s

s p c e h
t a to r t i f pp c i i
e se n sa t on s f o a re a t on o a nd i f th e a i m n d o bj c t b e a t t a i n d t h e
a e e n

y wh h d pl c b h y O e wo l d n o t c l i m
,

an one h o a se en t e a e. ut t e i t i s a wo k o f r t r a n u a

w l d d i ff g l y i h m b y wh i ch i n t a t t h a t i t r e a ch e t h e h i gh
.

ou er rea t n t e a n n er fo r an s n s

t h fi
a t se n se o b yw c v y d O ts ea u t as on e e ne pl c e a p i c tu e h ou l d a t t a i n be c u
a r s a se

m i gh li h f c i t e x p r se s o n l y t h e e ff c t o f t h e m o m e n t
.
,

mp
t a tte t t o rea
p se t e a ts as re es e

se n te d hi y to h m i gh
s e e ; h a n ot er t t re a t t e o n t h e m i d f t h e p i n t e r w h i l e t h e p i c t u re
n o a

c i l b y w h i ch h c ld c o m b i n e u b t l t i f t h o u gh t c a fu l c o n
,

s ene h m
as t e ater a e ou s s e es o re

x p h i i d l O m i gh l c l y sid t i on o f c o j u n c t i o f fo r m a n d c o l o u r
,

e re s s s ea ne t se e t on e ra n on

Wh h f l f h pl c ch a rm o f co m po i t i o d hy th m o f li n e
.
,

at b
e h e i l
t to e t e e s se n t a s o t e a e, a s n, an r

an d w h i ch g v i i p c l i ch m w h i l
a e t ts e u ar ar ; e w h i ch t h sk t ch m a y n o t o ffe r “7e l o o k
e e

h m i gh k ll h i ff d b li
.

a n ot er t ta e a t at t o e re e ev f r th e im p
o i n of th e m m re s s o t in a o en

s k e t ch b u t t h e e x pe r i n c e f ye r i n a
,

i g i
n bt toh b w y f
e t e
yi g
e tte rh a o co n v e n to t e e o a s

pc h I i p i bl h p i c t ure A fi e w o k o f a t s h u l d i c l d
,

s e h
t a t or t m e sa e t ru t t s o ss e t at n r r o n u e

i m i gh f h c fe l i g o f s p n ta i ty o f a k t ch
. .

o n e a rt s t f l
t so te n t e o n t ra s t s o co o u r th e e n o ne s e

to b i b d h wh i l
o ta n re a h m i gh t e an ot er t wi t h h ifci f h
t e f
sat s a m t on o t e s e n se o co

h c h m g iv h i k ch pi c
.

en an e t e to p e s s et sna
"

pl i f
e t on o a t u re

Th wh l q i d p d p A ll wi g h h p l i d
. .

hus t e o e ues t on e en s u on o n t at t e e rs o n a a tt tu e to

t h p
e l mp m
e rs o n a l i d f h
te e ra e n ta a tt t u e o t e n a t u rei i i g h s i ll y f l
n t e re s t n t en t n a t u ra o

l i m ch m i l w h i w ld b i i g h
,

p i a n t e r, a n d h t e re su t s u o re n te r o s t at t ou e n t e re s t n to ea r

est n i g h if h
t w k w
an t d wi h
e or e re t re a t e t f mpi
ro h i w d c ip i f h
a n t e rs t e r o n es r t on o t e

t h ph e g ph i c d m i c i d i ff
ot o ra an a u to a t n e re n ce p i i g
a nt n d hylv b k w
g ro u n t e o e e st, to no

f h c m w h i ch h w ld b wh h pp l d hm c hm
o

o t e ia e ra , n t e re ou e no at as a ea e to t e to a us e t e

e x p i f ch c I i ch i fl y h i
res s o n o a ra te r t s e t s l c i
t o se e f h i w k
t t a s t h e a re n a o t e r or ; a nd

l f c w h i ch m k i g d i gh l y d pifl c
.

p e rso n a a t or i a e s a rt n t e re s t n we s ee an r t so , th e ee n ue n e

hi g d i di y c y f w h i ch h c y x d p h
, ,
‘

d i h has
‘

an n n ot n oe s t e os n ra s o t e oun tr e e rt e u on t e

t h i
e a rt s t pp m ch
a i ea rh vi i d so u as n t e v , mi d f hn op i I i tbvi i
e hi a n te r . t s o ou s n s
 r od u ct zon
'

[ fl i

w k wh or at ki n d x c m l i d h h l d wh h
of l an dc s a pe h as b een th e e a t en t a a tt tu e e e en e

c a u se f m i o f th e p ic l for p i d y p ic l
a t on o c his a rt u ar a nte an a rt u ar s ene

yl I i h p c iv I i m gi i w xi g v y
.

st e t s t ru e t at r e t r os e t e a rt h as ca n a ne on e a rt st a n er

p i c ip l f c l q ch pl c w h i ch
.

b ee n f on e o i
th e r n a f a tors n th e e o u en t on th e a rm s o a a e

f m i f
or a t on o f d l d did
a s t le
y oi th e li gh mo dg ern ff c an n ot n th e s t e st e re e a e t
s cp pi a e W a n ter i fl c f h e see I i m gi
th e n p i
uen e o a n ot er ; and ca n a ne on e a n ter

Cl d p i d f T i i gd w bj c h
.

au e u on th e f m n o u rn e r, d an d o s tt n o n t o a su e t t at ha n ot th e
C bl p o n s ta p i e u f B bi
on th e m i
a n ters o h i
th e ar zon re ot e s t n t ere s t to ot er a r t st s ; and as

Sch l Th i d oo d atll w d i i f
s un m
e rs t o o a nd h h a o e t s o th e ost v i ta l i m p o r t a n ce t at e

p f h h i v y d p h ld h v d p i
. .
'

B ut a a rt r om t a t t ere s a d p er ee s ou a e th e ee est n ter e s t a n a p re

f li g xc i d b y
ee n e i gh b h d te i i f th e pl c ne p p ou r p i i oo in c a t on o th e a e he ro os e s to a n t, t

w h i ch p i fi d h i l f Th i m i
th e a n ter h m
n s c y lc
m se h s ay s a ll t e or e n e e s sa r t o s e e t on e t at

pp c i d b y h i h i lf wi h i
.

n ot be a re a te i t e p a rt st li I i m se is n a ttu n e t h s own e rso n a ty t s

i d x i fl c w h i ch i m y f id h
, .

b ut t oe s e e rt a n n ue n p i e p i i n an o ten sa t at a a n ter a n ts h s ow n

c i p f d d h l i g c yb f h
‘

a se s s ro o u n an on e t at h as a y ast n ou n t r e s t, an d th e r e a son o t at ma
p h w k If l k df fc h l v
,

i p i
m re ss on u on i b is or th e a rt st e be oo e or i n th e a tt at he o es i t m os t
d d by w h i d i g i fi d g Th
. .

su r ro u n e at s g n e an d rea t at is n ot e n ou h, h o we v e r ;
‘
he m u st
he will h w h q li is o i w k
t ose k wi w ll
ua t l esi in hm g s or no t as e as ov e t, h e u st et it
ly h i p w f c p by h b c h gh l y
,

i n p p i ro or t on on to H s o er o re e a ll e a rt e m u st e om e t o ro u

c i cq i d wi h h m i l wi h w h i ch
.

i i
t v ty O w k f Ti i
n e ca n tra e n the or o t an a ua n te t t e ater a t it
i fl c f h h ill b y w h i ch i c p d— d wi h i — b f h
.

th e n uen e o t e s h e was s om ose s a tu r a t e t t e or e e

s u r rou n d di i y h d e n i h s x p i wi h h wi f
ou t an we ibil i y
se e n th e ca n e re s s t t t at s t sen s t
M l d h h y h d w h i ch m k h h i gh q li y f
.

w k fT ior s o e n e rs a n d or a n t at t e a ar s t e e st ua t o his
c m cl l y i c c wi h h i g h k ch H m
o e o se n on ta t t d t n s t at s et e ust n ot rea n a t u re to

did W d b b h ci i I f i m pl y
.

w er e s or ho
y m
ca n ou t ut t at th e ou , he u st re te t he s

c ly di g f V l q i d i d h
. .

ou r t s u r r ou n n s o p i
e as i u ez n rea s t he oe s n ot ut n to t t at

fi u e n ce dim i h q li y f d i g i y d x p i h h w d
h n t at ua t o h f m n t an e re ss o n t at t e or s, or r a t er or s,

st y l wh i ch m k h i w k I f cc p h l d c v y
e ar s s or ? we a e t s ou on e

h i vi w c i g d b
.

t s e we imp at I i
on i e see h ow vi i h or t a n t t s n t e re s t n no ou t, to s t t e

l dc p p i l c c p w h i ch g i f g
, ,

i ti f s or th e an s a e a n ter to se e t s en e u on th e en us o a rea t

a p i i g g a nt n d h will l v m r ou n b il p t at c mp i i b e e at e an h as u t u his o os t o n ; ut

h h gh d i pi i i g i i i
is t ou ts an ns m re ly h cs h ld
ma n a t on t wa s n ot e re th e s en e t at e to
i d f ch i g h wh i ch i m l y
n st e a o oo s n cc f t at w k b t h s i ere th e su ess o th e or u t e a rt s t

p y pi c q h c h q li i
,

and
°

r e tt tu r e s h ue f / w o sa w ru f 21 72 t at s en e t os e ua t es
w h i ch y h v b i c d by h
.

I t is b i n otf th e i u s n es s o th e a rt st to ma a e e e n u n n ot e a n ot er

x p w h i bvi v y if i D b li v h b y
.

e ress at s o f ou s m m
to e er on e t o n ot , or on e o en t, e e e t at

w e re, w ld p f he c l fc ou vi i i g re e r p ic l th e p wha tu a hi a t to s t n a a rt u ar s ot ere t s or

the p i d a n te W w im i i
on e h f e pi c ant p i d y
no t a t on , t at a m ou s tu re was a nte ou can

v if w d h i v y g f ll cy
.

e en it p i ere f on e m to the o n t o de d o th e sa e ; t at s a er re a t a a

wh qi bi g h i ki g h i f y
,

ce p i t on ; l k f
but at we d o oo or i s th e u te as an on e a s t n n t at ou

s t r on g vivi d f k i m p i f f ll w d an d ra n y m d
res s o n o a o o e th e s a m e s s te or u se t h e sa m e
c l iv d m i d I i gi T cl b h C bl
,

u t a te n ca n maT ne u r n e r, o ou rs or ru s es as u rn e r or on st a e,

w h l ki g p y c c ld p d c q li y f
.

en oo n u
y on an s ene in n a t u re , ou ou ro u e th e sa m e ua t o

sa y i g h i l f Wh d h i c v y w k M y b li v h
n to m se “
at oe s t h i ghs on e or an e e e t at th e es t

wh g ph d f m f gh h y
, .

to m e, an d f at re at ba se o n a tu r e oe s or o a rt ca n e tau t ; t e do n ot

t hi s i l v
m a ter xp a Wh k w h
ser e to me di c x p i
re ss ?
”
f at no t at th e os t re t e ress o n s o

wa s l f u se es s p p d lib l y p i i g i pl y d
or h is ur os e he h v b hi d
e erat e a nt n s m on e, m u st a e e n

ig d gg d i d w h i ch h y f h gh d c i d i
,

n o re an d ia ra n ze th e m a te r al t em e a rs o t ou t an on s e r a t on

j i fy i w c bi d wi h c f l j dg
, ,

w a s to p p u st h the ur os e he ad in v e om ne t the m os t are u u m en t

h P i i gi wl g I f y
. .

5 0 t at p i n a t u re ll to th e f k
a n t e r, a s we as to a nt n s a m a t t er o no ed e an

b il d i l b y w h i ch p i k w m ch c ld
.

th e fiu m e r, o
°
e rs th e a ter a T h a n ter ne as u as urn e r e ou

g hi g
re a t t b il n s ca n d xp
be u m ch t ; an d wey k
ca n r ea e ress as u but so m an do n ot ta e

bl — h v c p bili y
,

b w et li
ee n th e i w k n es of th e a rt s t s
’
or th e t h e t r ou e or a e n ot th e a a t of
S U SS E ! .
 S u s s ex

of v i d i t t W l d of f m b i g ill st t i o
ar e n e re s a ea of th c a t l — P e v ey
a r -e ra c n u ra ns e s es en s

d D ow l d wh i ch l m t H tm c x d B di m ;
, ,

vi w e s, an n an s a re f th
a os u rs on ea u an o a or o e

n iq i th i f sci ti g pl c i d i t y po t H ti g
,

u ue n t li
e r a na n ou d B i g h t h lm t
n es, a e ; se a r s, as n s an r e s on

of pect
as d v v y i g col an e h e r- ar f th c pi t l s Ch i ch st e d L w
n ou r u es or o e a a e r an e es

A d t t h e m y b a dd d f T e c m h i t h e wi t h t h i s i t t
,
. , .

n o es th a m ef Ev e or e a ss o en u rn r a e r n en

w h o i h bi t t h k t ch i g g ou d t h t h v b
, .

ar ti t s s m t p o li t h e
n a Th e e ro s, e s e n r n s a a e een

g t d v t ge f cc ibili t y E v t h e cc pi d b y t h a t i t of t d y l m t
rea a an a o a e ss en o u e e r s s o- a a re a os

B i gh t li ( o l t h t c t for y wit h t xc pt i o e i t h e o
.

r on ne s o o a er th an ou e e n r n or n e a r, e

ge xc p t t h s wh w i ll b c t t o t h dg f t h co t y a l t h gh
,

p a sse n rs e e o e o e on en s u e rn e e o e un ou

d i g ge t h m e lve o e f i ts s I s h ll s h o w l t e n b d c of
, ,

t o s or e s s n on o ea as a a r, a a un an e

f t ) will l d o t m o t p ts of t h e m t e i l i t b f d i n t h p t s I
ro n s an ne a s ar a r a s o e ou n o er ar

co t y wi t h i n a co pl e f h o will t h e e f e t c m m e c wi t h foll w t h e
.

un u o urs r or o o n e o

Acc ibilit y h d d o b t l s s m ch t o d o b te t ck w h i ch t ke s fi t f ll t o
.
, ,

e ss a u e u ea n ra s a u rs o a

wi t h t h p p l i t y f S
e o x i t h t i t t h e c t li e S t t i g t h e a t t h e e xt e m
u ar o u s se n e ar s
’
s oa s n ar n n r e

mi d i il d bi cyc l e d y w h e n f th e co ty w fi d R y
.

n pr n e - ra an t e d a s, a d e a s e rn n o un e n e n

f ew f t h m j
o eye d f
e fi eldou r n h d y W i ch l
ar a T h e e pp e a t h a v b
or a an n e sea s a r o e een

xt e d d t v l i p r i t of k w b t li t tl t t h e fi t ge e t i of
.

a m bi t i on f or e n e ra e n u su no n u e o rs n ra on

su bj c t s I t i s t e t h a t t o y o
e e ki g
ru ti t l t h gh G e g B r tt e xh i bi t e d
an ne s e n ar s s, a ou or e ar e

ld i ll t t e d e c d s o f t h e c ty p i c t e s of R y e i
.

for o u s ra r or 8 8 a d 8 4 a d oun ur n 1 0 n i 1 n

m t i l i s i g l l y d fic i t m ch m C p l y Fi ldi g i d i t i s o ly
,

a er a s n u ar e e en u or O e e n n an n

o th i th e ca f ot h e c
,

ties a d
g i d h r d I m i nHd bi d wM rnAli gng rnh in Grn i ringf ffh r
s an n se o r ou n n

t h t w h i ch d s c m t o li gh t
,

a oe e pe t o e
N — r a s a a n
OTE . a e te to r. e o a v es or t ese

g i th e s m e bj ct s d w l m o t w rd t b l i ng h pl i ll r d by m m b r f h
,
an ot e a te s . e s no tu s u t e o ts
a d n a a n a su e ra n a s

wi t h t xc pt i o f r b ok ill s t t i s R y l W r C l r S i y
, t e ust a te
to a s a u at a ce s e e s o t e
ou e e n o o u ra on : o a ate - o ou oc e t .

LOW T IDE—RYE av A L B E R T Go o o wm , R . WS . .

8
 RYE F ROM TH E E AS T BY ALBER T G ODW IN
O , K . WS . .

a mon g st th e e l d ers dd d n ow p l i vi n g ch i of o u r O ld te n e on e , oe s n o t re s e n t su n t e re s t

W C l S ci y h h
a t er- o ou r ob i g f
et t h f h c i h
at t e re a r e to e n e a t u r e s as t at o ot er ou n t e s t at

f d h wh m y c l i m
ou n t os e hv o ch d w a h E g l i h Ch
a l to a e s t re t o n to t e n s anne

h gh l y x pl i d h m H b H i g d b f v i k ch i g
.

t orou e o te t e er e rt a st n s u se to e a a our te s et n

M h ll d Alb G d wi g g df h m i dd l
.

a rs a an m e rt ioo i n f h l
a re a on st rou n or a rt s ts n t e e o t e ast

t h wh h v m d h
o se o w a hi c
e a wh e m i t p iese ch
to ns t e r e n t u r y. en ar n e a n t e rs su as

o wn , a n d m g h l a m on b i B l y d C ll
st t e j y d
a t te r s
'
hi g os t e a ut ent e an a ow en o e not n so

f l d wi g m
u ra bn c d m f h m ch d pi c i g h vil y b d il
s u st e ou n t e so e o t e u as e t n ea -
oote sa or s

g y d d C i q P f R y B h l d i g fi h f m h i c bbl T h
re an re n ue o rt o e ot u n oa n s ro t e r o es es e

W i ch l p g d i ill b p i d i g b m ch
. .

i t d an n e sea H
os se s s oo nns ca n s t e a n te at as t n s. ut u

f or i l h gh h
a rt st s , M m id
a t ou f h pi c q t e f h “
ld w wi h
er a
"
at o t e t u re s u e n es s o t e o to n, t

t h f m h
e or w ber k p as i
no b ck g d f c li ff d c l h
ee n ta en os s e s ts a ro u n o an as t e , as

i
s on f by g l f
o wh h o d i pp d
e rs , o t re a t e n t o ous t sa ea re

f m wh c l k d Ch lk c li ff q i v y d x h d
.

t h p i
e a nter ro at w as on e oo e a s re u re er e t e rou s an

u p on hi p c li p
as s i Th
e li g
u ar d p c i ll y h h g d h
o sse s s o n e re n an es e a t ose t at uar t e

h w i S x w h i ch i l d f m B chy H d B i gh hy
.
.

a re ot er to ns n u ss e re t a n an ro ea ea to r to n ; t e

m ch f h i
u oi gh t h c y ch c
e r e h dly b c mm d d
te e n t - ent ur bj c f a ra t e r, ca n ar e re o en e a s su e ts or

b utRy c i e b c k m ch f h
a rr e s k ch i g W
on e a f B i gh u dy u rt er s et n est o r to n , s a n ex

h h m di v l w h f h m y b f d wh i ch h v
.

t an t d i i a t, a n t p s a e e a to n t at a n ses o s o re a e ou n a e

y oucm p o ye u h ld g
on a s h dv g f p i i g h w w d
ou e n t e r t e o ate t e a anta e o o nt n so u t - e st ar s,

w y b hha s, otd W i ch l
e re a n A d h at f i mn ff d fi e s ea . bj c s re an t e re or e n a utu n a or n e su e ts

g d h fi m d bj c b d b h
ar s t e rs t n a e dw A h Sv h p
su e ts a oun ot at su n o n. rt ur e e rn as er

d h b h h m
, ,

o f i d f h
t s s t ree t s a n w o
p d m
t e to fn an ar ou r e tu a t e ore t an on e o t ese os t

f m h fl
ro t e a ts l mi ly u n ou s

S x c l i l h gh W i h i ch f B i gh Sh h m h
. .

Th e u s se oa s t n e, a t ou an ex t n re a o r ton , o re a as
 S u ss ex

WAST E LANDS ,
RY E BY ALBER T G OODWIN ,
R . W . S .

reta n e i dm y w l d ch c t e
an of sh w
its th e w y
o ld - C m fo t a bl e q t e s
or a ra r o n a o r uar r

o l y pl c S sse x h d d u bt d l y m u ch t d w i t h F i tt le
.

i ti
s I t i s th
cs i e n a e n u a un o e o o

N w h v p h p xc pt d w h e m ch w o t h b e i g s ch f v i t e pl c f r
.
,

e a en er a s e e e er u r n u a a ou r a e o

h ippi g i s to b e fo d d t h R i v e t i t s o m e y e a g I t w d i c o v e d
,

s n un an e r ar s s rs a o as s er

Ad a t b t h low d h i gh w t ff d s I b e l i e v e b y M A W We e d o wh o
,
.
,

ur o an a er a or r n

go d bj ct s p ci a ll y w h e t h e ld s e t m t h e i m y s l d d y I
. . .
, ,

o su e es e er o n e re n a a a s

w d b i dge s p L ci g e m m b b e i g th e c
.
,

oo en it
r d an s of d di
an an n r e er n a u se sa s

C ll g wh i ch t d p lik e C i t e c i n g ce“ fo t h b x om w i d w wh o t h e n ke pt
,

o e e, s an s u a s r a ra r e u o

mo t y d old Sh eh m ch ch fo m t h S wa n I
n a s er an or d wh awas p im e ur r e - nn an o a r

o bj e c t o f i t e e t i l d c p D vi d f v o i t w i t h t i t s H e l d l d w s
, ,

s th n r s n e an s a e a a ur e ar s r an or a

M y m y b c k e t m o t h a b e we a t A d l w h p s d a a a t
. .

urra so e ea rs a s n re an r r r un e o o e s n r

pi ct ld b i dg e t o t h e Ac a d e m y c ll e c t c om i g v w h e e v r
, , ,

on e f th u re o e o r rt i t o o r, n o er n e an a s

d P F i l d i g D c a d B i ke t a ppe e d d u ll y ob t i i g f a fi e
,

an t r ou e n un n an r ar an us a a n n or v

F t h ve ll p i t e d i t B h a m d i p d te goo d e x m pl f om t h e e w
, ,

os er a a a n os s ou n no a a e r n

c v d I b li v b y J s p h K i ght p c m s p o tf li o My a iv l w a d l y
.
,
’
o ere e e e, o e n re o er r o rr a s u

m e o f t h i ki d f k e t ch i g b t i t c d t h b re we d v v e t h e
, , .

s e t n s or s o n o s n u ann un e e r ro e o r

f l t e ye b ee t oo m ch x pl o i t d d m il s f o m A d l c m e t o whe
, ,

h as o a a rs n u e e o ze n e r ru n e a re

b y t i t w h e p t t ft t h e f w vi w s I w a sk t ch i g l ok e d o v m y h l d
,

ar s s, o r ea oo o en e e s e n o er s ou er

f t h e l gg i s h t i d l y f Ch i ch t e r d fl d l vi g b e h i d h i m a t h i h t l y
,

o s u t a es u ar o es an e ea n n s os e r

b d d b y t gg li g vill g e s o m v e y s t g l g ge a s t t h g o d
,

H bo ar ur or ere a s ra n a e r ron an ua o e o

It i c i h ow f h i d pe h p th e l dy i g o c e f w h t
.

ti t w
’
s u r ou s as on , a n r a s a s n ra n o a an ar s as

k wl e dge of c o m f t bl e q t c g F i t t l wo t h i g o d c t f r w k o f a
.

no or a u a r e rs, on re e r s a o en re o or

g t rt i t s P g b o h b
a es a s at v y xc i t i g b t v i d p to l
u rn ar o u r, n ear no er e n u ar e as ra

S l y B ill wit h i t s w d d h ch ct I t h b i dg
.
, ,

e se d oo em ill a s o re s an a ra er as a r e, a

l g ch e li s l m t d i l gg i h t e a m d a go e c v d m
, .
,

a lik
o on -
e rea s, e a os un s s u s s r an rs -
o er e co

c v d d t h pp w t f P o t m wh e c fi
o e re an e u er t be g
a ers d o r s on, n e n e su n s e s ca n a r n er e

th h t F hm ll y fi e Th Sw h b t m ed c d
,
.
.

m ou b ar ou r a a re a a re re a n e an as een er a se on

thit h t il t h e y D ipl m G a ll y f om t h d e co t i o
,

b t u t i t will g
n o ar s s e o e r un ar o a er r e ra ns
 S u ss ex

BRID G E A T OLD S H ORE H AM BY A WALLACE RIMI N G TON

.
,
RBA . . .

t h ath v b l f h b y vi i i g
a e e en e t t er e ch f c m m C wd y d i i
s t n p at es o o on o re an ts ru n

lw y c iv h p i n
.

i
a r t st s are a a Ps a t t ra t e to t e a t er s et

M W ll c R i i g f wh w h wi h i p k h l d l vi i d
. .

r ma a e m n to n so e o ose o rt t ts ar s ou a so be s te
k ch ppe h c by i ly w h i ch
. .

s et es a p k ar e r e, a n n ot s ea if
t oo h T
a r t st s , on to see t e u rn e r s

h i gh l y f h i w id f h c
o t y s est e r n s e o t e h p i
oun d h i m l i p b bl y
t e a n te t ere, n e u at on ro a of

d vi i g S xf m H l m g i fic C l d l g i d f wh i ch
.

H e a ses en te r n u s se ro as e th e a n en t au e , a on s e o

m wh F h
ere, will b f den e rn u rst e ou nh yh g h to t i l f i f ll f bj c
e an : t e t o wn t se s u o su e ts
p re se n v y fi w d l d bj c N h
t er ne oo an su e ts f h o rt li m d m i c ch i c
or t ose wh o n o e st ar t e tu r e
Ch p l c i m y d h W ki g l g h li l
. .

a e on ta ns an ol ou s e s an d a or m n f h a on t e tt e s tr e a o t e

v yq i i
er T c y b w hi
ua n t nn he oun tr et R h
een t p s Fi w h d g i h
ot er we a ss t t le or t an a n t e

d M i dh w d d w i h m g i fic m i P h li P lb gh wh
.
,

an i u rst s oo e t a n m
en t a n o r ts ou t n e at u orou e re

b ch i g h i g di y f m ri l
,

elm s an d
d h i ee e s, an as n t er est n t d pl
er e s a oo nn an en t o ate a

p c i ll y fl
,

es e a on th e a t s,

wi h h i di t t e r st a n t
vi w f h D e so t e ow n s s e e n

v h w d o er t e oo s at P ar
m A d l Am ha ru n e

b l y
.
,

d h b k er e an t e an s

A
,

f h o t e ru n a re too
w ll k w i e no n to a rt s t s

dm h to n ee or e t an m en
i h d t on ere , an so we
will ik w d s tr e e a st ar s

w d Ad O to ar s th e ur n

d hi h
.

ou r roa t t er we
h v g d b i dg a e a oo r e at

S ph pi to am and n es

l d
,

m an d oo r a n n ea r

W hi g S ig as n ton tarr n

h i
.

i m ton s so ew at d sa p

p i i g S yig t but te
VILLA G E OF NOR TH C H APEL
o n n ; n n
Bv A . WALLACE RIMIN GTON i f ll f h
, f R B A
. . . s u o ou s es o a ll
 S zzs s ex

NEAR ST ED H AM BY A WALLACE RIMIN GTON

. , R BA
. . .

V -
dv
l
f

IN TH E V A LL E Y OF TH E ARUN BY A . WALLACE RIMIN GT ON ,

R B A
. . .

1 6
p eri o d f s, fif h c y w d
ro m th e te en t en tu r on ar s at S f d h pl c
e a or pbut t at a e n ow r ese n ts n o

h gh Ad g p wh i ch h bj c f w h i ch h
. ,

S o pwe a ss t rou th e ur a as su e ts o b t ere a re n ot e tt e r to

w l d xp c f i b f d l wh
,

n ot b
th e i ea u t e s on e ou e e t o t e oun e se er e

C pl y F i l d i g h fi cgi Ri f ly f f hi
. .

o e e n was t e rs t t o re o n se u n s a re or t u n a t e ou t o as o n n o w,

an d p i b
a nt i f th eS Dw e a ut es o th e ou t h o n s, b ut h t g dly m b i S x
e re a re a oo n u er n u ss e

v d f H G Hi h k h m—C
,

but i t wa s r e ser e or ne to f or h t o se w o see t e o wd r a

y,
di c v h i w f c hi Am b l y H m c x B i d Pl c
. .

s o er t e r s eet n ess o on to u r, t e r er e u rs t on eau r e a e,

v i d c l i g g y lyi g i h i B d i m C m b B m b M i ckl h m
, ,

ar e o ou r n s, th e re s n n t e r o a a er, ra e r, e a etc

h ll w h i l v li ll h Pi c q c g d vill g
, , .

o o s, an d t e r o e n ess at a o u rs t u re s ue ot t a es an a e st r e e t s

o f h t y e bl y
da d w Alf i
n ot a a t su n o n r st o n a re f d l m v y wh
to b e ou n a ost e er er e, b ut the
w h i ch li b w D w wi h i ld wi d m ill pi d l y d i pp i g
, .
, _

es et ee n th e o n s, t ts o n s are ra sa ea r n ;
q i b il d i g i h dq
ua n t u nf s, s a ea u a r t e rs or t h e t wo b v h Cl y a o lh v f
e t e a ton t u n n e a e ur

i
a r t s t s, a n C km V ll y d F i l
d th e uc e re a e an r e n i sh e d bj c f m y su e i ts d or an an a r t st . an

B c fig i
ea on y k ch b y T h
u re n m an s et es orn e ot h ers b f d W i ch l
a re to e ou n a t n e se a ,

Wi a te Si E W an d V y l ly r a t e r lo w er a te M lli g d A g m i g
a n an n er n

y g i R h D ll A i h v hi h v i d d Mi
. . , .

a oun a rt st, ut o m an, h as rt s t s a e t e rt o a o e d

d v dly
ese r ec d i b y q i c kl y
a t tra te a t t e n t on u S x p b bl y b c
u s se roh ilw y
a e a u se t e ra a

g i i g k wl dg f v i d f f c ili i i d i ff bi cyc l
,

a n n no e e o th e ar e ea tu re s a t es a re b so n e r en t , ut a e

o f Dw
th e p c i ll y f h i d v
o n s, a n d es e a o t e r o e r i d will f l d b
e i v y wh
un o p eaut es e er ere, e s e

c l dh
o ou r e h m D i ch li g
u es, n ea r h er o e at t n i
c a ll y i h f p
n t f w h i ch
e ch
o r e st s , a r ts o s t re t

L w i m pi c q l y i d f m i gh c h c y
.

e es s os t t u re s ue s tuate ro w ea st t o est r t a r os s t e ou n t
yq i l h A hd w W h B l c m b Ti g
,

h as m an d h
ua n iv t o d ou ses , a n t e r er, s o n or t a o e, l a te , an d
b h b v ff S L d I p i g h ilv bi ch
, ,

ot a b l w h
o e an d e o t e to wn , o er s t eon a r s n s r n t e s er r es

y c iv bj c R d ll W h dS L d b v
. .

'

m an a t tr a t e su e ts, as at o me i n ort an t eon a r s, a o e a ca rp e t

N wh v wh i ch i s li l b ll ff d g li m p
, .

as o ne n ea rs e a en , tt e o f p im r d bl ros e s a n ue e s, a or a se

k w A N wh v h ippi g f
t th e o te n f f i yl d p ci ll y w h fi th e
‘

no n e a en s n o a r an es e a en
-
a r

pi c q v i y C pl y di v h W ld lm
.
,

p r e se n t s t u re s ue a r et o e vi
st a n t e ws o iv l er t e ea a os t r a

F i l di g d w h b y d
.

d m h l i f h
'

e n re e rea ou ts, an an an t e a tt er n ten ern e ss o ue

k ch d h l M ll T w MA B H IH
.
_

i
a r t st h as s et e t e o d a rte o o er R CU S . U S .

COUR TH OUSE FARM NEAR LEWES , BY RU TH DOLLMAN

 WA REH AM .

D E SCR I B E D AND I LLUS T RAT E D BY CLAUD E HAY E S R I , . .

OR ll d k ch i g g d I
an a -rou n dy d d b ck d v y s et n by ro u n san r oa s, a n a e at e er t u rn
d k w y b
o n ot pl c h
no h l w ly i g h i ll
an f P b c k w h i ch
et te r m a e t an t e o - n s o ur e see

W hmi D w i lf k q li y f c l p c li ly h i
,

a re h a n o rs e t , t e to n ts e to ta e a ua t o o ou r e u ar t e r

b i g pi c q d f ll f m ll i g di i c ch c i i c
,

e n w
t u re s p ue an u o s a o n, os s es s n st n t a ra te r st s

bi d c m b i i g wi h h i
t s, a n o h wh i ch i wh i ch
n n t tly d c i b
s t at h s on e ca n on es r e as t e

m o rei mp i g d c
o rt a n t . f m D e. , abl g y S bl d
oo e n t re ro
“
o rs e t
"
ue s or re s u t e an

w h i ch l d c p d li c hy d d l y i ch
. .

on e
g fi
ca n et to im
a ne an s a e e a te t e a re a t t es, a n en se r

c y \V h v w i v h fl wi g
ou nt r e a e h t d gi v
o r h w l y wi d
e rs e re o n a t ot e rs ; a n e n a so u t - e st e r n

h gh h w v wh i ch pl c d f i c h y m p
.
,

t ro u t e to n, o er v lv
a re a e or n sta n e, t e see to ut on e et

se v l pic
e ra q b i dg d w m i ll c
t u re s ue dr h im es a n i lv pp l a t e r- s, oa t s, a n at ot er t es a s er a a re

p v i d i g bj c v y Th pl c h I c ll m y fi d
.

A d f i
"
ro n su e ts a t e e r t u rn n or e re s a a e t at a n a

h wh l i k ch i c h i fi p i c f gh g d h f f C ch
. .

t os e o e ar t e t u re , t e re s a ne e e o rou ro u n at t e oo t o r ee

o ld S x ch ch d i m bl ld B w wh i ch h gh fi d i p p i
a on ur an nnu era e o a r ro t ou at rs t sa o nt

h c e w hy f b i g i g ( b c c m pl x ch c ) wi ll
, ,

d
ou se s a n s t re e t o rn f i rs o rt o e n n e a u se o ts o e a ra ter
l d ih i bl ck d w h i w ll p y h cc i f
,

t ra n s a t e e t er nto i a f -a n - te or e re a t e a rt s t or a su e ss on o

cl o ou r . i i Ih v f f di h c i v s ts a e o ten o un n ot er o u n t es

ll y i h f w lk i g v m i l f h h d
.

B ut h jy t m p
e o to g e e rs o n a s to et t a t , a te r a n o er es o ea t an

ri gh w yf m h
t a a w d fi d my lf
ro t fi di g y hi g q i
e to n an i n se n ot n n an t n u te to su t on e s
'

on h t m e b w S b gh d i d i y c y dd l y m k w v
oo r s et een to o r ou an os n ra s su en on e a es a s er e

C f H id d i f f h i gh l f c f d
,

or e e re , n ee h s ad i east or t e to t e r t or e t, an s o n ro n t e

p c y V w i h wh i m ll y l d i h
.
,

p i a n terwh l v h o o es t e o en o un t r as t t at s e n ta t ra n s a t e n t e

ch f m l d b k b y i lv p l c f h i ff f m h
.
,
“
s t re t es o oo r a n a re ro en s e r, ar an e o t e ar t s t , a s stu or ont s .

TH E O L D MARKE T PLACE WARE H AM , av CL U DE

A ru n s , an .

23
 W a r e/l a m
d o w n of a h gh
fi ne bl c k p pl
a o ar
(t ro u

l ate m ) st or s c w h i ch g v ch a e a ara te r t o
th e pl c a e

N ot f m h i h vill g f
fa r ro e re s t e a e o

W wi h
0 0 1, iv F m pi c
t th e rq er ro e tu re s ue

at v y e er d m i d by
tur n , an d o n a te th e

b eautif l d u b i dg w h i ch l
ol ston e r e, a m os t
tou ch c l b d ci M
es th e e e rat e an ent a n or

H ou s eim m li d b y H dy i h i or t a se ar n s

nov l T e f D U e ss o i l th e
’
rb er v l es

d f ll w b ck
.

N w l o h et t e re a er o o me a

in i m gi i a w fW h m
n a t on to th e to n o a re a

agi a n f m h an d ro h t ere st a r t on a n ot er

df c y Ih v b
,

ro a or th e i
ou n tr a e ee n d e s cr b
h f mil w y f m
,

i g m
n b u st e t re e o r ou r es a a ro

ou r c d I
en tre ; k i h di an c ta e t t at st a n e

is b a gh
ou t v l i h d y i
e n ou to tra e n t e a f
on e w w k wi h y ch c f
a n ts to or t an an e o

cc W h v k h
su ess e h d a e ta en t e s ou t an

d
.

w est r oa l k h
s, n ow et us ta e t e e a st ,

w h i ch f m m i dd l
st a r t s f ro th e e o th e
tow W p n . f w ld h e a ss d a e o ou s e s an

OLD H OUSES AT S TOBOROU G H

BY CLAUDE H AYES R I ,
. .

Th i s, t h en c h I
i s th e s o rt o f
'

pl a e t at

f b v Ih v ly m i d
,

re er to a o e a e on e n t on e

l f l d
.

up p
to th e h re se n t t e r es u t o a ea

f ro m d ( h) f m W h m
on e roa s ou t ro a re a

to C f N l or e k ow th et us ta e ano er

d D ch
.

th (we
) est r oa H to w or es te r ere e

y m ll h i ll y fi l d ( w h i ch
.

g et m an s a e s on

wh I g wi g
,

en l h g
wa s a st t e e, was ro n

wh ) eat i g d w
ru n n n g fl o n to re e n a t s,

an d iv
th e F m i r er ci g hm ro e n ter s e t n t e

wi h i f l h ill g i f mi g
,

t b th e eau t u s a a n or n

a b ck g a d O h i gh f
r ou n n t e r t o th e
D ch d h a fl m
.

or e st e r roa t e re re at o o rs

c v d wi h h h i J y wi h
o e re t eat er n u l- t
c v i b k d pi cc i
,

on en ent ro en san -
ts o as on

a ll y g ivi g ch c n f g d
a ra te r to t h e or e ro u n

Aw y f m h f h
, .

a ro h
er e , an d u rt er on t e

r oa d D ch to h i fi
or e st e r , t e re s a ne

s p cim e f enw om ill a i d a t e r- s tua t e on

iv F d c ll d S k
,

th e r er rom e, an a e to e

M ill Th e re fi are at le a s t ve or six

g dc p ii h
.

oo om os t on s f er e ; but u n o rt u

b b EN T RANCE T O OLD H OUSES A T S TOBOROU G H

.

n a t el f on e h o th e e st
y as ee n un

pl ly
e a sa n t d i fi d by mo b ki g e th e re a n BY CLAUDE H AYES ,
R I . .
 Wa r eh a m
h Bf a n ot er e or e de
c ibi g
.

vi s r n th e en ron s

f W h fu h o a re am rt er ,

Imy i h a m en t on t at

h i fi l t e re s a ne o d
b i dg b w ston e r e et een

W hm S k a re a an d to e,

c ll d H l m B i dg a e o e r e,

w h i ch w ll b i g as e as e n

pi c i lf i
,

i a tu re n tse s

d d by b i
,

s u r ro u n e eau t

f l fl c y wi h u at ou n t r t

g d f g d f oo o re r ou n s o

d wi h g r ee s . an d t en e

ll y p ra a u n t or t w o to
h lp c m p i i e th e o os t on
W h v d
.

e a e n ow on e

TOWARDS CORFE BY H AYES R I h d s ou t w e st , an e a st

wi h i di
,
LOOK I NG C LA U D E , . .

st r eet s , t n a ra us

f h d hl o t ree - an -
a -
a t
c ou r t s b h idon g d ot gh m il s f e s,w I f g b ck oo e n ou to es o th e to n we o a t o th e
y g i g b y d h p ci c ilw y ly
.

p o r t ra and, e tt n i d e oni t e re n ts ra a st a t o n an s t a rt o u t n a n e a st e r

f W hm f m l f di c i ( l g m i d P l )
,

o a re a h d
se e ar s on t e e t an re t on a on th e a n r oa to oo e we
h i gh Of c will fi d c l f c y q i di ff
, ,

m a rs h
e s on t e r t ou r s e on e ca n n a a ss o s en er u te e re n t

lw y fi d m ll c l bj c f y hi h d c ib d T h i ll h
.

a a s n s a os e s u e t s on a r m s, to an t e rt o es r e he s ere

h m h wi h h i b k c v d wi h b cke d h h
.

b ut i it d eat
'

s t e se a rs es, t t e r ro en a re o e re t ra n an er , a n

f b i dg li l
oo t - r es , m g y d d fi
t t e s t re a d big i li h lp d b y g p
s, re r ee s, a n a re ne an n ne, e e rou s

s w m p y i ch g
a r f g d i f pi c q Sc ch fi wi h
re e n or e r ou n cc n ter o tu re s ue ot rs, t an o a

m i g l d w i h p pl h ( pp ch i g i l i lv m m d bi ch T h
,

n e t ur e ea rt a r oa n s on a s e r -s t e e r e se , an d
i ch bl c k i pl c ) h m v m m D ch h ill
.

r a s n h a i m pl li
es f t at o e e os t . t e s e ne o th e or e s te r s,

c l b v will p i bl y y m k m fi c m p i i Th d i d
,

T he a su a o s er er os s sa a e so e ne o os t on s e su s e

Wh i h h i g ! F l g v l p i fi ll d wi h w l h lp
.
,

at Is er e ? see n ot n at ra e - t s, e t a t er , a so e

c y ou n t r , B
e tc .
, et c .
”
ut

w i fa t, or, l k as we oo

a gi a n we i c li l n ot e a tt e
b li gh i m i dd l
,

am er t n e

d i c Ah h i
s ta n e t at s

cl d i p
.
,

b e tt e r ; a ou s a ss

i g
n v o d
er an n at u re

h as c c on d d
e n t ra t e an

giv en hs h
to t o e w o ca n

pi c
,

s ee, a Th t ure e

c m pl c d
.

o m on a e tu r n e
in to h t b e if l ea u t u

N
.

a t ure i b g pi
s a i ano

for t e d an i th e a r t st

m u st pl y p a i u on t
Il d
.

B ra n k s e a s an an d
P l f m fi b ck
oo e or a ne a

g d h m h
roun to t e ars e s,

l ki g
oo n di in on e re c

i
t on , a n d R ifi e d cl
‘
e an d
th e P b ck h ill i
ur e LOOKIN G TO W ARDS s n CLAUDE H AYES P O OL E BY ,
R I . .

26
 Wa r e/ mm

IN TH E WAREH AM MEADOWS BY CLAU DE H AYES R I

,
. .

NEAR RED H ILL FARM WARE H AM

,
BY CLAUDE H AYES R I,
. .
 IN TH E WARE H AM MEADOWS BY CLAUDE H AY ES , RI . .

m a t t e rs , an d th e g ra ve l b t a i e d fro m t h D ch e t
i ts e lf ta k es on a C ast el is o n e or s er

fi e te d
n p pl e
n er ur o d m i dwa y b e t we e Wa h m d r a n re a an

B f c cl di n g I h l d c ll th e H l m e B i dg e I h v t m e t i o d t h e
. ,

e ore on u s ou a o r a e no n ne

d s t t t i o t o a pl c e c ll d A e g d bj ct cl o e t t h e t w s ch a
.
,
’
re a er a en n a a e rn oo su e s s o o n u s

t th e h a l f m i l f om Wa e B g s m ill d t h ld m ill f t h ey
, ,

ab
“ ’ ”
ou d r e -a n -a - es r r a an e o or

ch d t h ou gh S t b gh b y t bv i o s t o b m i s d b y y o i n
,

h m a rea e r to o o r ou u rn a re o o u e se an ne

i g t o t h e l e ft o pp i t e t h e Ne w I A ll ch of t h e pi ct e s q
,

n os nn sea r ur ue

lo g th i d t h e m o s e good a d T h e e a e pl t y of p a t m e n t t o b e h a d
. .

a n s roa or ar n r r en a r s

pp ch A w h i ch t t h Old P i y d o t h pl a c e s i n W a e
,

g t b t t er s
e e a on e a roa es rne, a e r or an er r

is q i t e Sc t ch i ch c te a d f m h m l o a t S to b o o gh a vill ge o e
u o n a ra r, n ro a a s r u a n

w h i ch y g d vi e w f C o f m il e f o m t h e t o w
, ,

a ob t i
ou c n a n a oo o r e r n

C t l e d h ill A ot h e g d vi e w f t h C L AU D E H A Y E S
.

as an . n r oo o e .
THE LOW E R THAMES .
 Tk e L ower Th a m es

TH E “
LOBS T ER SMACK INN CANVEY ISLAND , BY C H ARLES PEARS

a re h i i d li gh T h g l d b p gl d
t e r s e- ts at o - es an e th e O v ens buo y i t m ar k s a d g an er o u s spi t
c m i g w d i li ch i g w h i ch ly m i dd l
.

m ass o n to ar s us s a n er u rn n of mud r u n s ou t n e a r to th e e

u p g ym ff m
a re b w S a ss o oa at h er o s he
i i f S h Af i c D i d y v
.

s n rom ou t r a ou e e r s ee

y v l p y d ch cl
.

so m an e sse s a ss ou a n a t su ose

q u a r t e rs Th y h i l f v e a ro m a ll o er th e
w ld or

Th li gh f m w h cm
.

os e b t s, ro erea ou t s o e

th g v lli g g i d i g d b l g
o se ro e n r n n s ou n s, e on

to G y w i h i ch lk ill d i gh
ra s t ts a m s, an r t
a h dy ea h m y li gh f G v
ou s e e t e an ts o ra es

en d Th pl c f ll f i
e se t wo a e s a re u o n t e re s t

bili y U p
.

an d l i l bi f p i
tt e ts o a n ta t on our

li l T i lb y f
.

r etu rn
y will h ou see t e tt e ur o rt

su n b h d d at h ip e m fan s s an d st e a e rs o

v y cl i li y w h i ch
,

e er a s s a n d n a t on a t are n ow

i d i c d l y b y h i i d i g l i gh
.
,

n a te on t e r r n ts
Af h li gh f G v d h ll
.

t er t e ts o ra es en we s a

h v hi g
a e n ot wi li g i d
n d b u t th e s r n t e an

w i d bl c k d w
n -
af b k
en e a ter, or th e an s a re

lo w T iv gl y p hw y l di g
he r er s
’
oo m at a ea n

wh g l h v
.

to th e sea , ose ent e ea e we a re

l dy f li g wi ll i
,

a re a ee bl k n n its u t t er an n ess

m bi d i d f y i m gi
,

a pp l ea to th e or s e o our a

i
n a t on Iw y gd wi a rr a n t B ut, e o s a t
cm i g
, .

un il t m th e pl o on o e s ou t , s a t ter n th e
w wi h m l
a te r ilv ! t o ten s er TH E ANC H ORA G E BURN H AM -
O N- CROUC H
li l w h i fl h i g li gh h d i C H ARLES PEARS
,

T he tt e te as n t a ea s BY

34
 ”
C A u v zv tsu us b
Bv C H ARLE S R
F EA S
t ow n
“
ti t sna c k nu ,
.

d
.

Th a t g a d bes p a n gled b i t m a r ks a
“ d t: s i d e - i h ts
l g
- th e

us i s a l i n e r ch urn i n g
i e .

w of
t o a rd s
m c o m i n g
 T/ze L ow er Tk a m e s

A WARNIN G NO T E —A WRECK UPON TH E M A P LI N SANDS BY C H ARLES PEARS

of t h e r iv e T h t d li gh t b e y d i t h
r a re on s e The n we ca n ch oo s e a c a lm d ay an d run

M cki g w h i ch i s t h e fi t li gh t h o b g d
Bl y h d
.

u n rs u se e a rou n u p p i
on th e t sa n s, an d a nt

fo th e e U p on t h e m h b y d p l c ch i g w y f
,

re s a a rs e s, e on th e o m d a es en t u s tret n a a or

ei the b k t h i m ch b t l e t y of c o l wi h h h ippi g f S R ch
.

r an ere s u su our mil e s, t t e s n o ea ea

W e h ll o c mi g d g i g b y d l ki g i
.
,

s be in H l Hav
a s on th o e en, e o n an o n e on ; or, oo n n

li t t l c re k w h i ch h lp s t o m k C v e y
e e e a e an t h e ot h di c i h fl er ch fre t on , t e a t s t r et es o th e

an i l d W sh ll l e p t h e Wh e
s an e a s e er n m h l d w i h w d d K i h h ill
a rs an t th e oo e en t s s

g h b y d W h y d p ch
. .

y o u w k ap ai e uy o will t i
a k y o n u n u a re e on e ca n a n ot er da ro an or

d F r t h e e D u t ch l h ijt li gh f S h d
.
, ,

i H oll
n an o r ee -s c u s, o pp i os d p i teh an a n t t e ts o ou t en

t L d o B i dg h v f e m oo i g ; h y ggl h gh h wili gh d
.
,

as a on n r e, a e re r n s as t e st r u e t rou t e t t an

an d C vey i
an d e d b y w ll b i l t
s s u r rou n a a u t h m ll w
e emi h o ch c sea st t at st r et es a ross

b y t h e D t ch i t h e t i m f Ch a l es II t h e
u n e o r th e Si x m il f h iv m h Th
es o t e r er s
'

ou t en

i l d b e i g s o m e fi ft e fe t b l o w t h h i B fl L i gh d Sh b y
.
, .

s an n en e e e t ere s en e et , e an oe ur

h i gh wa t l v l of t h e T h e will b e W m i gh h gh H v g
, .

- er e e se a re e l t a so run t r ou a en or e

y ot h e y ch t s t h for i t i pl c C k B h m C ch wh i ch i
.

m an r a e re, s a a e re e to u rn a -o n - r ou s a

b l v d f y ch t m e I d e d t h e L b t w ll k w y ch i g c wh
,

e o e o a s n n e o s er e - no n h a t n e n t re , e re t e

S m ck I n p s e l g b k w h g l y f m fi h d d h p l y y ch
.
,
”
a n osse s s a o -
oo ere or o so e ve un re s a e a ts ,
h m o ou s p t i c l d a t i t i c t ib t e h i i d i g li gh wi kl i g i h w
,

in u r oe a an r s r u t e r r n ts t n n n t e a ter ,

p a i d t o t h e pl c b y t h m y p vi d i f l i gh
, ,

h s b e
a e n a e e an ro f h
es m b on e o t e os t eaut u s ts
y ch t m w h h ve vi i t d i t W s h ll
a s en o a s e e a p ibl
os s e

fi d pl e t y t p i t i t t y C a ve y gh S m id V ic
. .

n n th e p o a n n re n B u t e n ou S o eo n e sa
“
ee en e

vill g — t h e m d ws wi t h t h e i r b l h d Ihv V ic b I
,
”
d di n ot
‘

a e ea o u r us e an e a e see n en e, ut

dy k d th e q i t eff c t f t e m e s hv L w Th m d I liv
.

es an ua n e o s a r a e s ee n th e o er a es, a n e

stea mi g nd s h ip s ili g b e y
an d th s a n on e liv e g h gi d gi
to o t e re a a n an a a n

C HA L P A
.

w ll f b v e t h e l v e l of t h e y e
a ar a o e e . R ES E RS .

S EA REAC H BY C H ARLES PEARS

38
 R O C H E ST E R .

D E SCR I B E D AND I LLUS T RAT E D BY E \V C HARLT ON R E . .

, . .

ND O U B TE D LY i i h M d w y h i f i hf l h ti i h s t v e e a s e s a t u to t e a rt s t n er ne er

w h i ch p c i ll y c h i f i l i g ff f xc ll —i d d b i f l
es e a a tt ra ts t e a rt s t a n o e rs o e e e nt n ee ea ut u

R ch atI y i g h i I — bj c g i v h c y kill f
o e ste r n sa n t s su e ts , en t e ne e s sa r s or

d di p g m j di ci h i gh d Owi g
.

i n ten no s a ra e h e n t, as a u ous s o rt s te ne ss n to er

k ch i g g d h ci y i l f b c m wh b p c v b h b v
.

s et n r ou n to t e t t se d ; e a u se so e at a ru t ur es ot a o e an

wh h i v bl c h d l c i b l w h b i dg d i c f m ch v i y
,

e re t e re s a e n e ra e at e ra an en t e o t e r e. s ta n es o u ar et

g w y i h p ci c bl l v h m y b p fi d b y cc d i g l i gh
,

a te a s n t e re n ts, a n o d
e e e ent a e ro te a or n to t an
C y c l k p d m y b il d i g fl
e n tu r ast e ee d andl f g d f v l an u n s e
'

e ct an en ess o re ro u n s o a ue

iq i y d q w dly d f hi h m lv
, ,

o f ant ui t an u a n t n es s o u t h b v d ar an as on t e se es to t e o se r an t an

i w d ly h
n ar c b
t y hi g w i g c i ic l y
e re a n n ot e an t n ant n r t a e e

pl c pi c i l c d Th g d h
.
,

to a e on to r a i
re plor w e re s a ot a t as te ro u n on t e

N v h l h iv ic w y S d i d ly i g i m m d i ly b l w F i d
.

e e rt e ess t e r er e nt es on e a a t ro o s e n e a te e o r n s

f m h
ro t Sh i e se b y l e b y Ch ch w h i ch i
s so us pl wi h i ic
s o re s t e s s , s o ur ur s re e te t a r t st

f c i i gl y y d i h m i c l w lh H c p
.
,

d b
'
as n at n a rr a e n ar on ou s o ou r ea t e re a re ar e n t e rs an oa t

m gl y i g i l b i ld h d m l l v l f ll
.

’
on b k d an an s t re a or n n n a t u ra u e rs s e s, s a e ss e s o a s o rt s

y df dd i i l p i d p i d v ywh d h
,

b e a ut an i o r tu n a t e n a t on a ctu r un e r re a r, a n e er e re a ro u n t at

es q b
u e n essy h h d f m i
t — b v v i bl c f i
e an o f pp anly w n
‘

a o e er ta e o n us o n o a a re n t a s te

a ll — h h ippi g f wh i ch h
er s nil d m o i l w h i ch b d t ch g d
e t a n -s a e a te r a ca n e t u rn e to su oo

b g cl i m p i d f c l cc i p i c d h ll
,

ar e m s ee s to a H ll
r e d o o ou r as a ou n t n a t u re u s re an u s

f pl c g p i gh ch
.

w ll e as o a e h d re e n rest u r t on t e o r e ou s an

B i g d i i c ly c mm ci l h M d w y b l c l d m d wi h m l f
.

e n st n t o er a t e e a su t e o o u re u t en a o t and

h w h p ic id h d h d k ll m i d i i d p l
, ,

s o s er r os a b m s e e re an t e re , ut en on ec a rr o re n a t e oo .

BOA TYARD A T BRI D E REAC H G BY E W C H ARLTO N

. . R E . .
 R oe/zes t ”

LIME H OUSE REAC H FROM C H ATH AM BY E . w . C H ARL T ON ,

R E..

H e re f l ly or o r n h id h i di g h on er s e, n er b g cki g p
ar es h fl wi g i d i
ta n u on t e o n t e n

b k d ck l i
ro en e d li c l g i d es a e re t a on s e a th e fc f f h i gb
a e o w ch a r es en n r e eze ; to at

i c k y pl k g i g h h ld v dj gh
,

r et an sta n ; t e r e, ee e o er th m e d il l w
a sts a n sa s o er e u st e n ou to
sh w d i m ll b
or e ar s, d w ck
s a s a a t t e re re so cl ear ch h h i i g w h h b i
th e ar t e o st n en t e oat s

h p l y fi ll d w i h i d f f h pi i ll g h i g y b y l w
.

ro t t e n t i at Sh e s art e t t e re e o t e e rs , t at er n wa s o

ru bb i h B h i d j
s b y d h c dl
e n u st e on t e ra es dg e ree sch f h i dl
at f ea tu rn o t e W n a ss or

i m h ll h i i g d w d f ld f h il gi
.
,

on h t li pe s s, a re tr u s s n n un er a ar th e o s o t e sa s a re taut a a n

wh l p l cl dy f h d h Sp d w y h j y
, ,

o e f a e tt e o n ew o ou r , r ea or t e an s e ee s a a on er ou r n e

l ch i g d h b k P h p h iv i b i w d
.

aun d m
n ; an oo r e to t e an a re er a s t e r er s u s e st to ar s

b g ar es d b an d ll bl k y bl oa t s , u u e, s u e, Ch h m w h
at cc i f y d d
a ere a su e s s on o ar s an

d wh i p i ly w i i g h i wh v ff d p i v cy hl f
,

a mb er an t e, a t en t a a t n t e r ar es d a or r a an s e ter or

t u rn f m or s d f dm
a rt n e s s a n ree o w k or d I m i gh; an y h h Ihv t sa ere t at a e

p h gli i g iv v m wi h y hi g b
.

A d n ou t u on v l
t e sten n r er e s se s ne er et h m t an t n ut t e ut os t

l g ar ed v an l m ll p by b
e s se s h s a ass en e a t c yf m h w i
ou r t e s p ro t e o n ers n res on s e to
ci c i y wh h f qiii f l v f y F m
,

t h e an en t t f er e t e ou r t u rr e t s o my re u s t on s or ea e o entr ro

G un d lp h u l f y k p d h pi h
’
s o t ee an t e s re t at a lm ywh
os t hi id h i
an ere on t s s e t e re s

c w hi c hd l w b k m hi g mp d m hi g
_

ro ns s ow n at e ra to e r, re a th e so et b n to e a tt e te so et n

l g li di h ill p i c h d A gmyb di g h b d
,

on f h ne o t e sta n t s to er e t e on e tu a e r ou n n t e en

ilv y Sk y Th p c wi h b g i wi gi g h m l g i
.

s er i m e re s or e ea e on t ar es n t ow , s n n t e a on n

h h h f h dw f ch p b y w f h
.

r iv er an d s ore ere t an urt er o n as a z ig g li

-za ne t o et u a ro o ot e rs

h b i dg d g idl h i m i g h q i ckl y h i ch
,

t e r i p e ll b
e n es m ll assa e to a
‘
ut s a e at t e r oo r n s ; t en u t
c f d h f l g h ip li q i l y
r a t, a n t e r e or e ar e s s e u et i g n c pl f l y
on a h ou m e o th e az on es s e st e a s

at m i g
o or n s a w y h l f h i dd b
a h h vlm
a en en e a t t e o u e of

i g c iv m k fl g ll c h i v b y h
.
,

I i t is as i i
n i t e r e st n as t s n s t ru t e h er s o e un a a ros s t e r er t e

to g d w o o pl d
n ih
to th e es d an a es at e t er en b h yi g
r e e ze , hi g h fl i ll
u rr n to n ot n n e s s, t e ot a

o f ci y b i dg d h il y k ch h
th e t r e an a st s et t e f mi g g c f l c v p
or n a d hra e u ur e to a ss r ou n t e

42
 R oe/t es ter

s t e rn o f a b gh g li gh
a rq u e n t i n e, gi p l g who bb l f se ri t re en t, set a a n st a a e re e n e t o trees ,
Si d es g t u rn th e
’

d i gy w h i ch Sl p w y d i pp i p l
re e n of t h e w t e a r to a n o es a a to sa ear n o a es

g y O w db dg
re utf ll i gg d c m i i
ar ou n oes a u -r e en t s t n e ss.

h ip wi h c g f c m h m c i b i f l f ll f i ci d
.

s t a d
ar Th o o e en t, er a st s a n e s en e s ea u t u u o n en t,

y d gl m i g wh i g i h ck f c l ff c ly
,

ar s ea n d b
te a i i a n st f t e s ta s o o ou r , an e e t ; ut t s on on e o

l f y ch i m y i h b c k g
o t d R c i g m y wh i ch q i li l ki g l g
ne s n t e a rou n a n an re u re tt e see n a on

l g i G v m l ch f m k Th i l cl R ch
.

a on s a h b
o er n en t au n ro th e t e an s ere s a ane ose to o es

d c ky d c l h d i l di g d h ilw y
.

o ar s i h w k o se at an an d n t e a e ter st a t on ea n un er t e ra a to a

bi g h ip dy c f g l g p c f w g d l pp d b y
,

o f h t e m ll s a s a stu r ra t oe s ar e s a e o a st e r ou n a e th e
th m m i g b y w i h C v cy g i v w h — p c i ll y i h m i g
ru n t a o n ser an as r e r, er e es e a n t e or n n

b y fl i g c p iv
uo oa t n F h p g d bj c li a t h
e m cy
a ster n f h u rt er u ra n su e ts e at t e er o t e

f i g b q nl d i g b l i d i T h i h fi vi w h
.

li es a or e n ar ue u oa n a r re n u s t r ou s ere s t e ne e rat er

d f h i ll i i g h i gh b v i g mic id f m h
.
,

S v ta es ; an u rt h
e r stp r s n a o e e rr n on t e a n or a s e, ro t e

m d l y f li gh h l g dg f h C h lk IIlT b y F i d b y
,

a e e o t ers , a r e t w o o r t r ee ar e e e o t e a C S r n s ur

i i ly b d i g c g w h i ch h f f di y c v
,

s te am ers no s f un ur en n ar oes o as o te n ou n ts w a on to an a s,

c l I d
oa b i gh p
n an f mb c pp ou t , p p Th r i h wi d i g
t s ot s o u e r, o er , or a er er e s t e n n

b g wi d h i w y i g l g wi h i v b v h b i dg w h b ck
. .
“

ar es n t e r a t ea r n a on t r er a o e t e r e, ere a a

w i h d wi l g l d g d i c m pl d b y h g y d k p
,

s s an s O pp r ea er to un a en o rou n s o e te t e re ol ee

cm w k m h d i p w ll c di g h D i h
, .

si te h a re t e e d en t or s, s ot ere n an ram a rt a s om m an n t e an s

wh i d y ll w d
te an b y d e h o hw k d h u st , a n h wh v d f e on a re t e e a rt or s ; an t er e a re t e ar es or

g y g h ill A w y
re -
reen l f d i m b d f g i h y d f b i ldi g
s a to th e e t sta n s t er a n or ra n , t e ar s or u n

R ch C i y i ch l y p pl i h v i g b g h c k d b i
.

o e st e r t ,
r ur d h e n t e e en n ar e s, t e ree s an a s n s, an t e

UNLOADIN G COAL A T LIME H OUSE REAC H BY E . w . C H ARL TON , R E . .

 R ock es i er

m ill s wh i ch ch w y l g h h st re t willi g
a cc p h m d m k g d
a a on t e s or e s a re n to a e t t e an a e oo

f R ch h R ch f h i g dv g f
, ,

o o
’
e st e r s t re e v l h
ea es u se o t e r rea t a ue to t e a anta e o

B i dgr Lim h
e, an d “
by e i lf B wi h
ou s e di p c a rt a rt t se ut t no sr e s e t
h c i y v y ll i g m g i fic
. .

I n t e t w k er h a ur n p i b il i h
to or ers wh o to er a n en t o s s e s s on s , u t n t e

ch d i d w d wi h i q i d y f l g g — i w h i ch m
,

o ose s tu es en o e t an t u ar a n a s o on a o t rea su re s n en

i m
s c h d l h c l h ld f K
a re th e at e ra d K i hm d t e d i w h i ch
a st e , t e o o en t a n en t s en o, a n n

g H q i G il dh ll v y E gli h m S h l d j l y k
, ,

E a st ateh ou s e , t e ua nt u a e er n s an ou u st ta e a

ci ch d g w y d h p i d —i w l d i h b g ci
,
‘

an en t ar es an a te a s, an ere r e t ou ne t er e un ra ou s n or

an d h h
t a d b il d i g c l i m i g
e re ou s e s wi h
n upp h n i
s a n a t o u t r e a son to su os e t at an a r t st s
’

b eauty f hi o i ch d b y
t iq i y ch i c f m ll h gi f w l d b h
e r ow n , e n r e an t u t o e ro a t os e ts ou e t e

d dig ifi d R ch i d d b y iv w i h i v ch g i g c
,

l m
so e n an n e o e st e r, n ee us r er t t s e er - an n s en e s

h ld bl g i f h E W C H A LT
.
, .

o si m ou t nnu e ra e t s to t os e wh o . . R ON .

ROC H EST ER CAS T LE BY E . W C H ARLTON

.
,
R

46
 NO RTH WA LES .

D E SCR I B E D AND I LL US T RAT E D BY O N O RA T O CA R LA ND I .

ERE i i mp iv f h m t n ot I m ch p f e ra t N h W l by e or u an u re e r t o e n te r o rt a es

ch g h w c l d
n a t u re to h C wy an y wh h i m pl i c i y
e, o ou on e t e on a e s t ua r e re t e s t
x pl i h d i f B i i h f h li bl y f c l
,

e a n t e d e s re i vi
o r t s o t e n es an su t et o o ou r n te
i i c p pl art s t g b d d y eo dy ll h m m d p bl m
e to o a ro a an ou t o st u a t e os t o e rn ro e s

l k f p i i gg
oo or d w h i ch
a nt n f f p i i g Th
r ou n s w f C w y i f ll f a re o ten o a nt n e to n o on a s u o

i f i v y m ch i f i h h y b if l m d i v l i i g f m h
.

n e r or , er u n e r or, to t os e t e e a ut u e ae a ru n s , s t a rt n ro t e

ca n i ly fi d
ea s h i w h m C l d h f c i i g Pl M w
n n ea r t e r o n o e ? as t e , an t at as nat n a s- a r,

A d I hi k h
n t h f
n yy t at f i ic
t whe ho rtR y l C m b i Ac d my h
e a rs o a rt s t e re t e o a a r an a e as

f i d h i p w i h h i m pl l m l i f i
r en s t t e s d i e l xh i b i i
so e n nes o t s se a t a n ts a n n ua e t ons
h R m C m p g h v m d m j y Th i ki g h i y f W l i m
.

t e o an a a na, a e a e e en o e str n sto r o a es s to e

b h
e t t er i ch
t e f lir d x bn e ss oc f dd i i l i
ne an I fi m ly b li v
e u e ra n e o an a t on a n t e re s t , as r e e e

cl f fi d i h B i i h I l h wh v w g
o ou r o n e s o o t e n n s n t p i by ki g
e r t s s es t at e re er e o to a n t, ta n

pl c I h v v i i d h di i f h l d
.

Of ll h a t e a d
esi ha e s te an n to ou r e a rt s t e t ra t on o t e an

wh I h v p i d d h d k ch i g wh i ch pl y w l y h ll p
,

e re a e a n te an a s et n e as e s o u r e es, e s ure s a ut

cl N h W l m c m pl l y k m m i v i h i m pl k ch
a s se s, ort a es os t o ete ta es or e e ot on e en n to t e s est s et

m y f cy m ch h I hv b A d ll h gh W l I f l h p w f l
.

an so u so t at a e een n a t ro u a es ee t e o er u

h h d i ff f b h hi y dlg d h
,

v l
'

t e re t re e i
s e a so n s fl at e re n t n t er a s, e ec ts o ot s to r an e en t at so

an d d ly h p
ear g i h f c i i g w ll h m i w i h h p f l l m i y
o e t o se e a a n t e as nat n e ar o n ze t t e re os e u so e n t
li l l k
tt e da h es ly f m f i
an t f h l
e dcp
s t a te or s o ts o t e an s a e

i p v d d wi h h i F ll w i g p h i v d p i g Ll
.

m ou n t a n s , er a ibe t t at n d esc r o o n u t e r er a n a ss n an

a bl d my
e an i bl h w h i ch g
ste r ou s w h ue G y C l gm f
a ze oe s r st, w e re a re w dr a st e , a e o

f m i lv pic q d I ig J b i dg '

i l pi l l
'

ro s er to n te n se a s - acu z . t u re s ue n e s s . a n n o o n es s r e

TH E LLU GWY RAPIDS BETT WS Y CO

,
- ‘
ED BY ONORA TO CA R LAN 0!
 N or t h Wa les
a pe ci m e
pl e a si n g s n

of m a y of i t ki d n s n

i t h B i t i h I s l es
n e r s

o n e r e a ch e s t h e w orld
f m dB w y C d
a e et t s- - oe

( ht h e f p you s e o ra er

i n h tf ) I ie ore st t s

h I
.

q i u te l u s e e ss t at

s h ld ou p wi h a tt e m t, t

my p w d oor or s, to
d c ib p wh
es r e a s ot e re

t h l f h g
e so u o t e re a t

D vi d C i
a ox s so

liv i g p m i g
n er ea t n

v y ev y
,

e er s to n e , er

t re e , v y ipple er r e of

i tsb i f l iv
eau t u r e rs

Wh h dq
.

at ea u a r te r s

f or p i ! a n J ters ust

b c e i i
ause p ERICA
t s so er TE TRA L I C A BY ONORA T O C A R L A ND I

f e cti h tb as een of

l ate a li l gl c d h gh D vi d M
tt e ne y e te t ou a u r ra see n h i m, a y gm
h — lik ou n an t en e th e on e

h i h v c l y d pl i gf m
,

an d ot er a r t s t s a e re en t on e s en hi
n ear — i m n ow f h ss u n ro on e o t e

d id w k h or t ere c g ot t a h d wi h h g c v
es n e a r t e ro a t a u e an as

vi i t y I h ld h c
.

O my l n g a st s t, o e a rs a o, sa w h
on is s d m
ou er s an o re t an on e

an ld ly g l m
e er d d en t e an se ate un er th e c mi g S i b h f b h
o n to ee h s
“
ro t e rs -o -
th e - r us

p ch f h Ryl Ok ( m g wh m w h d ply l m d
“
or o t d e o a a an so m e a on o as t at ee -
a en te

dy f a f
s a ter, a y d f m wh I ew ar s ro e re wa s F k H ll ) h l v l y li l i c ll d
ra n o at t at o e tt e n n, a e

Sk ch i g C p l C i g I w h i m g i h h T y B wl ch H l wh i ch i
,

et n at a e - ur sa a a n t en t e an - - ot e s n ow

y g m f wh m h k d k p by f m c i ck M L d
, , ,

at w k or n ear a ou n an o o e as e e t a a ou s r et e r r ea er

m wh i A d my m i d w f m h i ki g I k w h i m d w
. .

f or s o p i e te a nt n n en t f
was ar ro t n n ne an as

b ck hi y y wh I h d m i i g h ch m i g i y f p i f
.

a b to a g ou t t rt ears a o en ad a r n t e ar n un t o u r su t o
f h d i th e at er an son n

h S ill d y b y h t at t a t e

l k f C p l C ig a e o a e -
ur

F m B w i
.

ro ett s it s

v y y ch er eas to rea

ki d f d i ff a ll n s o ere n t

c y El i l k s en e r s a e

d i b y m an ts r eez o or

w ld b gh f ou e e n ou or

li f i m Gig p a et e o n u

L l d v ll y
.

h th e e r a e t e

c y i q i d i ff
,

s e ner s u te er

d l l g en t, a n a l a on th e
b k f h li l an s o t at tt e
iv k ch will r er th e s et er

fi d d f b n no en o su

j I fc h e ct s n a t, t e

l y d w ck hi
.

on ra ba to t s

d i ic i h i str t s t at on e s

v w h l m d wi h h o er e e t t e

OO W E N VALLEY FROM , TH E FOO T OF T RYFAN BY ONORAT O b d

C A R LA N D I fm i l a un
'

a n ce o a te r a .
 Th gh h i v ll y h il d i
r ou t s a e t e ra r oa s

v y h dy f d il y x p d i i
,

er an or d a e e t on s , an

p d i
e will fi d
e str a n s y d n ea s r oa s an d
d li gh f l m
e t ui p h h ill
ou n ta n at s, on s

c v d wi h g
o e re d h t h O ! orse an eat er h
h f h h ! Wh
.

t e f h
e a st o t e d ea t er a t a n en

l ess pl f h p i
ea su re wi h h or t e a n t e r,
’
t t at

m g i fica n M l S i b d lw y h
ent oe a o a a s t ere

to c w i ro n t
A d wh n
y ch h li l w
en ou rea t e tt e to n

o f D l yd d l o w y w i ll fi de en m ll ou n a s a

ch ch h h m d m d p i S
ur t at as a e e es se t
P v i g I g h
.

’
eter s O ne w et e en n ot t e re

wh W l h f l w ki g pl c
.

en a e s u n e ra as ta n a e

m ll g d h g v i
.

Th e s p a r ou r ou n t e ra e, n

a f g
n e st o d h l d by r a s se s an s e t e re

b eaut if l u i gi g
t r e e s, H w f was s n n o o te n
d p g i d p pl h
.

we o we ee ra t tu e to eo e w o

k w no hi g f i ! F I d h
n ot n o t or an t e

d c p i
ear om an wi h mon wh o was t e

t htg y v igw mvd

a re e en n f e re o e to so t
t e a rs, a n d v h ll w h b ne er s d a e ear et te r a n

m or ec vi c i g m i c Th W l h
on n n us e e s

ch m i c l p pl T hi y y
.

a re su us a eo e rt ea rs

I d fi d h w b h
.

a g o an a r en w o as ot a

ici k ch
,

m us d an p i an w a a n ter, er e s et

i g n P m d c ( h xq i i
at ort a o a n ot er e u s te
pl c f a e i )
or a r t s t sh id b hi d b h ; we e n us es

to li ste nh p to t g h m
e a rt s on s t at so e

y g m w i gi g h y c m
ou n en ere s n n as t e a e

out f h f co ti e v i g d l
a t or e s at e en n an co

k ll h c m m d d
,

l d
e ct e on a no t at o an e a

b eau ti f l vi w u W c ll d h e h e a e t at t e

c mp d il y i l
.

re o f e n se o ou r a to
A ll h S w d d i i c i i m pl y
.

t e no on s tr t s s

m ll
ar ve d i i ou s, w ll k w
an t s t oo e no n to

n ee d d c ip i es B r I c h lp
t on ut a n n ot e

p ki g f h n V ll y w h I
.

s ea n o t e en a e e re

h v Sp h ppi d y f
,

a e m f h
en t so e o t e a est a s o

m y li f E ei ly ch d f m v y p
as rea e ro e er a rt

P i cip li y dg f
.

o f h t e r n h a t on t e e e o

L k i ch m i g li l c g
,

ott a
n en a e s a ar n tt e e

wh h c mp
e re t yi i p f c h m y
e o an s n er e t ar on

wi h h pl c
t t Th
e f vi i
a e h e ew s t or s w o

c h i h gl
.

om e to r est t er e a re e t er a n e r s or

Sk ch et ers .

I f d h w h I h gh
ou n t e re at t ou t was
p fci f h h k h li l _

er e t on or t os e t at as t e tt e

t h i ddat s n ee h pp y d w h i ch
e to be a an

i v y d i ffi c l
PON T ONORA TO s er fi d u t to n

Av y h c f m hi c g
.

-
Y - C A R TH BY C A R LA N D I
er s or t a s ent ro t s o tt a e

n f ”r bi g r n s Ll y I d w l— i p f c t
on e to n a n a er e

m ph i h ch m
(B y p i
er m ss oi o fi s F . E . H ow ell )
.

a t f e a t re i ! A do su ou n t a n s n
 N or t h Wa les

C LA N BY ONORA TO C A R LA ND I

LLYN IDWAL B Y ONORA TO CA RLA ND I

 T H E S C OTT I S H BO R D E R L A N D .

D E SCR I B E D BY AL E X A N D E R E DD I N G T O N .

I LLUS T RA T E D BY T HO MAS SC O TT AND ,

T . MA R JO R I B A NK S H A Y ,

R OM C l yd L yd d i d f h B d i l i
e La w to B wick
er -o n e en or t e or er n t e ra t u re
Tw d d f C ee an h h b ro m d i by T
a r ter d Fe ll t o t e as een one n a rt u rn er an

h l ps ou t f h M
e rn f Th m
s o f D ddi g
es o d i mt e oo r o o t o son o u n s ton , an n o re

H i ll w i h Scs i hB d e a re c d y b y S i G g R i d d Th m
n t e o tt s or er re e n t a s r eo r e e an o as

l d I i b ig
an t ch f c y b Sc f S lk i k Th l
s a s t re t o h lm ou n t r to e ott o e r e a t te r as a os t

f i g Sc i h p pl i ly d v d h i m l f B d bj c
. .

a m e re b h r n e, ut t e ot t s eo e, e n t re e ote se to or er su e ts ,

p im i
a rs i m y h h i g h v p c i ll y i h v ll y f h Y w
o n ou s n an ot er t n s, a e es e a n t e a e s o t e a r ro

g h i h i pp ll i i ck
,

b e en e n e rou s E e re d T vi n t e r a e a t on . t tr an e ot.

F m h d y f h Cy m i w h M li
ro t e a s o Th Sp i i
t e f h pl d i p i v r hi en er n e r to t e u an s s e ns e ; t e r

h W il d l i v d i f f Tw d m i h d d d h i ll l g l y b f
,

t e h e n tm e o re s t o ee s u r, s oo t an rou n e s, ar e a re o

i h t b as hm f m c di h vg i
ee n a o e o ro h h h b an e ; an n t e e eta t on ot er t an t e ent sae

ea rl y d m d i v l l i f f h Sc i h b
an e ae a d l d e h m lv
o t e ot t s r oo n ,
"
o n ot en t e se es to
i
n a t on w i h bi d by as m n cl ai mp te iv c mp i i b h
nu l w e ro u s a ns r es s e o os t o n s . ut t e o er

wh p d y lif h l f m y c
ose re a t or ch f h v ll y d p i c l l y h
e as e t an t ra e s re a es o t e a e s, an a rt u ar t at

i h
n t i dc l dp l w h
e ru n e f h Tw d w h i ch i
a st e s a n h d mi ee iv to e rs t at o t e ee s t e o nant r e r,

d d v i b i ll w y f c wh il j y l x i
,

a re ot t e o er ik
ts o d i
sur a e ; e str e a o ou s n ot e an a re u ur ant n

i n h t e v ll y e a s t e rn h D vidi h i f l i g Th d p wi d w p g g
a e s a re t e a an t e r o a e e ee n -
s e t or e

Ab b y h gl y d p i d w h h pl c i d A
.

e s i ll it at a re st ts k i i i or an r e e re t e a n nan ta es ts r se n

Wh Sc H gg T h m w h i c ll d Th D v i l B f T b —
.

'
at d ot t an d o , o so n an at s a e e e s ee u a

LOC H SKENE SELKI RKS H IRE ,

nv TH OM A S sc or r , R S A
. . .

6 1
 '

Tk e S ool t zs k B or d er /a n d

re m n d h i
i c l f
er t ati h t wa s a a tt e a stn e s s n t e e sq u e n e s s l m ost i wi t h t h e g d old
a v e ra n

ra idi
gd y — h n a f L ch S k
s an d t e t a rn o o en e oa k f C d ow O t h e Y
s o a w z t e m n a rro a s r a

(p g ly f bv w h i ch h f i h e d t h m e f t h p e ts
.
,

a e n ea r l v l e et a o e se a- e e as u rn s e s or e o

n ea r h d f M ff W h v
th e ea o o at a t er, a e an f om t h t i m w h e W t H d l i v e d
r e e n a o
’
ar en

as p c f bli m g d
e t o suh wi e ra n e u r , ot er se th e a t D y h op e T w r t Wo d wo t h d o er o r s r an ou r

s c y i f f l y ll i g y p
e n er s o a so t a ur n t e o w d y th e e i
n a i th l we ch er s, n e o r re a s,

T vi B xh l m ci i ch Sk t ch i g g o d e p c i ll y
.
,

O h n t e e ot , ra n o th e an en t so me r e n r un s e a

d c l f m il y f B cc l ch h i gh b o h oo d o f N w k C t l
, ,

s ea t o f th e u a a o u eu t at in th e ne ur e ar as e

fig l y i Sc N e w k t h t th e
.
,

p mi ( b l w)
’ “
ures so L y
ro n en t n ott s a ot e o It w s t a a ar a

L Mi l d G di D ch of B cc l e ch d M o m o t h
.

” ”
the a st n stre h an ol e la n d s, t e u ess u u an n u

i h bi f w h i ch w h g bv l i t e d t o t h t y f t h e ge d h p a
,

l a st n a ta n t o as un a o e s en e s or o a ar er s

g f i vi g d b y Sp t ld i Scott s L a y d i t h e c a t l e ’ “
its a te or r e n a re n ote ea u t o ts o n an n s

W i h ld q w f mi g p c ty a d Le l e y h g h nd e d of M on t
t
.
, ,

t an o s f u a re to er or n a rt o ou r r s un a u r

m d i i ft e t h e b tt l e of P h i li p h g h
’
th e m o h i
er n fB a n s on , t e s tu at on o ra n x r o e ms s en a r a au

hl b ld b k v F m i t b i ch b ow N e w k st ill l o k s
.

o m h mmion f t e su t o a o an o er ro s r en e rs ar o

h gi g
an iv m k
n th e i mp iv
r er a es an re s s e f t h i i t m j est y o a f i r w o l d a d
or n s a n a r n

pi c i d d by hi i c ci b y t h e w ys i d e a r b y s t li g
,

v
tu re, e en una e st o r a ss o a a t th e
e n ne n a

J d b gh i h m i c b a s e f t h e h ill a e t h e i y c v e d r u i
,

i
t on A t e ur n t e ro ant o r v -
o re ns

v ll y f h J d G hi c c o t t a ge w h e M g P k t h e
.
, ,

a e o i t f h e e th e ru n s o t e ot o f th e re un o ar

bb y k ch d f m h Opp i g e t Af i c a t a v ll w a b or N e a r
, ,

a e b a re es t s et e ro t e os te r a r n r e e r, s n

ld d w y i Ya o w K i k t h e b ok b i dg of D e ch r
.

b k f h S m d
an o t e t re a an on e o o or a s rr r r en r e u a

m g i fic x m pl f p N m o ly a ch w h i ch e m i
, , ,

a a n ent e a e o u re or an n O of ne r has r a n s,

w k A li l f h
or p h v ll y tt e m urt er u t e a e so e a tt a ct d m
r y e a se l a d c m e
e an an n a ra

l x i h i mb g p i S t M y s L ch ( p ge w h e e Y ro w
. .

’
u ur an t i t r e es n t e r u ra e ou s ct u r . ar o a r ar

NEWARK CAS T LE SELKIRKS H I RE BY TH OMAS SCO TT

,
’

( By p a m zsszon of Ai r s R H D u
'

. . . nn ) , R S A . . .
 T/ze S cott i slz B or d er la n d

OAK W OOD T O W ER SELKI RK , S HI RE nv TH OMAS CO TT S , R S A

. . .

ta kes i ts d c i pc
r i se , is un er e r ta n as e ts typ i c l f h ch g
a o t e an e h h cm v
t at as o e o er

v y b
er if l F m h h ly
eaut u ro t e os t e r of th B d l
e or d d er a n an n ea r P bl h ld ee es t e o

Tibb i Sh i l m ch f q d by C l f N id p h i fv i
. ,

e e so u re ue n t e a st e o e at s a a ou r t e res o rt .

H gg Ch i ph N h hi T q i c ly
,

o a nd r st o er o rt on t e r A t ra u a r, on e a f
se a th o t e ear

an g l i g x p d i i S M y L ch i
n e e t on s , t ar
‘

s o s Sc i h ki g d
o tt s n s an n ow p d re b u te to e

ch m i g i h l y m i g li gh d ld i h bi d h Sc l d
.

ar n n t e ear or n n t. a n th e o es t n a te i
o us e n ot an

h d q i d iff yp w h v h m d
,

at i ts n or t ern en u te a e re n t t e e ia e, n t e o e rn p i o r t on s , a s u
gg es

o f pi c b c
t u re c a n d wi h e pp re a t e t as an a ro i
t on f F ch ch
o a re n a tea u ; w h il i h e n t at

f g d h di d g v y d b d f h
,

p i r a te o re rou n t e s u se ra e ar on en o m t w eC dd f
s t re a bet ee n a o n oot

h h i ll w h d A bb f d
,

t e D gl e re d C ou a se s a n r a n s t ou n s , an li l k w
ot s o r h so tt e no n to t e

Sc d K i d by i d d i y v ll w h v
,

o tt s an li e rr s ld e s e s e, o or nar t ra m e f e r, e a e so e o

riv l i f g
a r es i or l l g l p
otten n the a st on s ee the m b if l
o st ch f h i v
ea u t u re a es o t e r e r,

O kw d T w i ck ( b v ) p c i ll y Y i B i dg d F i i l
.

'

a oo o E er on th e ttr a o e es e a at a r r e an a r n e ee ,

h m i l f m S lk i k c h c h id c f A li C c kb
,

ab o ut t re e es ro e r on e t e on e t e re s en e o so n o u rn

hm fW H d W i ll i m h Th F l w h F
, ,
' "
f
' ' '

o e o a t o ar en s s on a a ut ore s s o e o ers 0 t e o res t

wh p d l y m i c w dd i g i i m Ml d D y b g h A bb y
. .

o se re u te ro a nt e n s e ros e an k w r ur e s a re no n

m l i d i h b ll d M ckl M d
o r ta se n t e a a
“
u e ou
'
v y b d y F m h h ill B m y d
to e e r o ro t e at e e rs e,

d h i ll d m g i fic
.

M g e
"
s ta n p s f h on a s ur o t e an ab v D yb g h
o e r b i ur on e o ta n s a a n e nt

c m p w ll i v ll y h i m vi w f h h wh Ki g
, ,

o oses e n a a e t at s o re e o E i ld
t e t ree on s e re n

ru gg d h Y we t an a rro A h rt d hi
ur K i gh
an id b s n ts a re sa to e

Tw d l v h S h H i gh w i i g h bl h wi l l
.

\Vh e re ee ea es t e ou t e rn a t n tf h e mp as t o t e t ru et t at

l d an d
s an w d h
t u rn s e a s t h ar s to t e se a , t e c ll h m b ck f m F i yl d Th i v i w
a t e a ro a r an s e

d gh l d f D m m l i ( p g h B d
.

i
ru n e s t ro n o o ru e z er a e p i i
o nt f h f w pl
s on e o t e e a ce s o n t e or e rs

no w h c t e f p c fl h m
e n t re o di a ea e u . o e st e a , s wh e re w i d p p c c mp
a i e lf ro s e t o o ses t se

65
 Th e S cot t i s h B or d er la n d

DRUMMEL IER CAS T LE

Z BY T . MA RJOR I B A NK S H A Y , R S
. . W .

BERWICK ON TWEED
- -
BY T . MA RJ OR I B A NK S H A Y , R S W
. . .

66
B I RC H E S A T F ULDEN B E R WI C K S H I R E

BY T M J H AY
O ,

. A R O R I BA N K S , R S
. . W .
E A ST LOT H I A N .
 ’

E a st L oth zcm

t h e s t re a m t o t h e t o p
of i gh t b k ;
th e r an

on th l ft e e e ar a

g o p f c o m ill
r u o rn -
s

wi t h d e h ot w t e
un rs a r

wh e l s d b e h i n d e
e an ar

fd h
,

t h e r e d - r oo e ou ses

of t h e vill e ti a g P ar

c l a ly w h e
.

u r t h e i ve n r r

i i fl
s n d th e li n h a
oo n s

a d i t i c t l y H i gh l nd
s n a

as p ct d o
e ti t
an ne ar s

b y i t od c i g s li gh t
, ,

n r u n a

su gge t i f m o s on o un

t i — o t m ch w s
a ns n u a

n eed d— m d f m i
e a e ro t
an i mp iv H i gh re s s e

l d l d c p
.

a n a n s a e

S di g
.

ta n hn
p n ea r t e to
of h b t k wi h h
e an
EAS T LIN T ON t t e
BY ROBER T NOBLE
c
,
R S A
f w i ll w
. . .
,

s re e n o o s as a

film y f g d h or e r ou n t e

d vill g S d d
,

vi w f h
e o m m i ll t e i s t re a s an a e s or th e a on e . Th e ll b ok e
u r n re s,

mi i c ch f h v ll y d fi d wi h p a t ch e s of o l i v e f m a b ea
,

re n s f m en t o so e re a es o t e a e mo i e t or u

tif l c l o ch m
,

u o ur s e e

wi t h t h e g y g e re - r ens

o f th will w ;
e -
d o s an

t his p ct h p
as e as ar

tic lu ar ly t t a c t d a r e

thos e m mb f th e
e ers o

G l sgow Sch l w h
a oo o

hv w kd tE t
a e or e a as

L i to d e m e
n n an ar or

d F ch
,

un er re n i n flu
e me e s t h an t h e r i e a st

e rn b reth r en

A c o pl e
.

u of hun
d d y d d w
re a r s o n

m
s tre a m ill a re a an d
c kil i p
or n n n resen t

u se , th e l a tt er cen

t u r i e s o ld Th e kil n '

d
.

h as be en b u tt res s e to

p v e i t s t bili t y
r e s er s a

d wi t h i t s q
,

an i t ua n

ou st i de wi di g t n n s on e

s ta i d p
r an l fw t oo o a er

in f o t ch d ve
r n ar e o r

by l de t
,

o ld
an a r- re e ,

i t fo m r pi ct s of a u re

a ty pe l y m e t wi t h
r a re

in su ch t i fyi n g p sa s er

MILL BUILDIN G S AT EAS T LIN TON BY RO B E RT NOBLE , R S A

. . . f ti o
ec of li
n d ne an
 ’

E a s ! L ol h za u

E
RTN
OBLE
,

BRID G E AND LINN ON TH E T YNE BY ROBER T NOBLE, RS A

. . .

OLD WA UGH TO N BY ROBER T NOBL E , R S A

. . .
 E L of h i cm
‘
a sz

c l
o ou r B w h m i ll d li et een t e an th e nn

m d w b k f h i v i li d
.

th e ea o an o t e r er s ne

wi h will w
t p ll d d o d hi s, un o ar e an t e r

g cflf m y fhi g y
,

ra e u b or s, th e eau t o t e r re s,

so ch m i g w h ar h n en ot er t re e s a re a

b i gh g
r t d h i f flci
re e n , an t e r so t re e t on s

i n h w
t e g i v h l d c p ch
a te r, e t e an s a e a ar

a c h iter t c m i Sc
at s n o t a t a ll om on n ot

l d i f i d d i i m wi h
an n l
ee t s et t at al

y wh l h P
, , ,

an f e re e se so ar n ort r e s t on

k i k Ch ch i l f v i bj c
.

r ur s a so a a ou r t e su e t
as f m hi m d w h
s e en ro t s ea o t e t re e s
bc i g h l w m d i d p
,

o s ur n t e o er o e r n se a r t or

t h d i fic d l y ll wi g
e e e an on a o n on e to
D ch pi w h i ch d h i
,

see th e ut s re , un er t s

p c i m ch i k pi g wi h h
,

as e t, s so u n ee n t t e

l dc p
an s a e

F m Li h Ty
.

ro h h
n t on to t e sea t e ne as

a c f h
ou r se mil h wi g f h
o t re e es , s o n re s

as p c e l h ts y al
Th di i c i t e wa e st r t s

d f i m ll ch d d
.

l
a so n ot e or ts s a or ar s, an

WI LLOWS AT EAS T LIN TON

BY ROBER T NOBLE ,
K S A
. . .

th e a ppl bl o e- s so m in s pi r n g a sso ci d
ate

wi t h i o s h o se s
,

i o
ru nor s m i us e -r u n u u

p o vi d good p a i t bl e m t e i a l H a r
,

r es n a a r

v e st fi e ld bj e ct s w i t h w od e d l a d
.

-
su o n

sc p f r m i d d i st a c e
,

a e o d th e se
-
as n an a

a b a c k g ro d o w i g t o t h e co
un a re , n n

fig r t i of t h e c t y p o c bl e i
,

u a on ou n r r u ra n

v a i e t y U p t h e Ty e f m E a s t L i t o
,

r n ro n n

t o H a dd i g t i s d e li gh t f l e xc s i o
.

n on a u ur n

wi t h q it d i ff e t t y p f c e y
,

u e a re n e o s en r

l d sc p e b e i g l s p en a d th e
,

th e an a n es o n

r iv er f m i g m y d e p t e e f i ge d
or n an e r - r n

A t H dd i gt on bi t h pl c e o f
,

p ool s. a n r a

K o x d S m e l S m il e s t h e old
,

n an a u

ch ch ca ll e d Th e L a m p f L oth i
,

“
ur o an

t h e ch o i r f w h i ch li e t h e
, ,

i n o m i s re a n

o f J e We l h C a l yl e
an i s t ill b
s ti r s eau

ot w i t h t d i g i t p t i l es t o
,

f l
u n s an n s ar a r ra

g t e wh e
,

tio n H d at th e N
e re a n un a er

ld b i dg t h e Ty
.
,

th e o p r e is a s an s n e,

g d k e t ch i g g d ; w h i l th e s
oo s n r ou n e ur

r ou n d i g d i t i c t t h wa d t o Gi fi o d
n s r sou r
'

d Y te w h e e t h e i a G obli
,

an es r, r re s n

W l LL OWS AT P R E S TO N K I R K H ll h s f
a i h d m t i l to M
a u rn s e a er a

BY ROBER T NOBLE
r

W D Sc y
, .

, . . Mc K a y , th e e re t a r of th e
 '

E a st L ol k za i z

Mr M h ll B w a rs a ro n s
’

p ic h hv
.

t u re s t at a e

b een p d c d i re ro u e n

T HE ST I h v UD O a e

b een b i d h o ta ne t e re

f N
.

E a st h B
o or t er

wi c k h ck y h
t e ro s or e

i m
s a i bl f
ost su t a e o re

g df h B
ro u n or t e a ss

R ck— i o ly d y n ear a s

the hm fS Bl o e o t a

d d l
.

re pi a te r a r son

h f m y Cv
,

o u s e or an a o e

h
n a n t er, t l pl c e a st a e

i Sc l d y i l d
n ot a n to e to
t h P i c
e f Or n g e o ra n e,

an d hm f
n ow th e o e o

t h d f f wl
ou s a n s o sea - o

Ab f h
.

m il
ou t a e u rt er
LINN EAST LIN T ON ROBER T NOBLE
e a st h g im i
t e r ru n
TH E ,
BY , R S A
. . .

o f T ll anwh ta on , e re

A ch ib l d B ll h C k p
r a e -
t e- a t e t a pi r n c ly
e T h om s o n of D u d d i n g s t on m a d i h
e t t e sub

i
ret n ue, c w h p c ipi ro ns t e re t ou s cl i ff an d je c t o f o n e of his pi
r n cip l p i c
a tu r e s
hw ch g i c h wh D ba r wh m c m b li g
.
,

s o s no an e s n e t e ti m e en At un ,
e re s o e ru n ru i n s

TH E COVE , COCKBURNSPATH BY T . MA RJ O RI B A NK S H AY ,
R S
. . W .

76
 E a s t L ot /d a f t
dc h c p w f l
in i a te t e on e gh l d f h c i v k ch m y b m d C c k
o er u s t ro n o o t e a t t ra t e s et es a e a e o

f M ch d D ly b c ( i ll
.

E l ar s o b ar v l an p h h iun ld m k a r , so a o ro us u rn s at as ts o ar et ross us

d f d d b y B l c k Ag i h b c
e en e a d b l w) d ines v bl w "
n d t e a sen e t ra t e e o an ts e n e ra e to e r, a n

o fh h b d h pic q h
er us an y t i mil
e h tu re s h pic ue
q as n o t et s x es to t e ea s t a re t e t u re s u e
i ly d by h g wi g i f F C l Th gh h l
,

b ee n bl i
e n t re o t e ra t e t e ro n ru n s o a st as t e ou t e a tt e r a r e

p p l iy f h w id
.

o u ar t o t e to p mi n f
a s a s ea sf h w e re s o rt . n ot so ro ne n t a e a t u re o t e n a rro

E a stw d f m D b h c l i ff g d ll y p c i p i
ar ro un p m ar t y w h i ch h y d
e s ra ua re to u s ro o n to r on t e sta n

c d i ll h y c l m i i h i gh h
as en t t e u wh p i d b y Th m
n a te nf D d e t on t e as en a n te o so n o u

f m f D wl w d L m d i p i c d d i g
ar s o o a an h y wi ll i l l p y k ch by
u s a n e, er e n sto n , t e st re a a s et

at i v l b y v l d p d gg d h
n te r a s se h h v h h dih d
e ra ee v an ru e t ose w o a e t e ar oo to o er

v ll y Th
a e s. vi f h D gl b c m h i c m p i v i cc i b i l i y
e ra n es o t e un as urn o e t e r o a ra t e na es s t
P f C wi d E L hi h
.

an d h t e h l v
e as e , t e i l
a tt e r o er I 50 e et oas t se or n an as t ot an as

d p f b w m i l i l d p vi d i fi i v i y f L wl d y p d
,

ee or a ou t t o es n an ro e n n te ar et o a o an t e, an on
c i v bj c d h gh f m h b y pl d f h L mm m
,

so m e a t tr a t e su e ts, a n t ou ro t e re e z u an s o t e a er oo r s ,
D gl un L m d i
a s to w i B wi c k
u wh
s m y wi m pl i g b h d i
a ne e a re n er e re an a n urn t re a s ts
shi h B d C y d
re , t e or ll y w y h gh h h h
er oun tr h oe s n o t re a a t ro u t e ea t er t o t e s ea , on e
c mm c i ll w g
o en e t h m mi f h c m i ch wi h N
e et to t i m
e su f h t o t e o es n t ou t a t u re n so e o er

L m m m h i ll A h C v ( pp i m
a er o or s.w i i g h gh f i m
t t e l iv
o e o os t e os t nn n t ou o t -t es e us e,
p g ) fi hi g h ml m d
,

a e a s h b n f p a et at t e a se o re oo s.

c l i ff v f h i gh m m AL A
,

c ip i t ou s s o e r t oo ee t E , so e os t E! N DE R n Dt NGTON .

TH E CRO S S , COCKBURNSPA TH Bv T . MA RJORI BA NK S HA Y, R . s . w .

77
TH E COA ST
TO W N S A N D V I L L A G E S
OF FI FE .

D E SCR I B E D BY AL E X AND E R E DD I N G T ON .

I LLUS T RA T E D BY R O B E R T N O BL E C HAS H MACK I E , . .

,

T MA R JO R I B A NK S H A Y . AND R O B E R T H O P E , .

N c y i Sc l d i h
no ou nt be f h n l y ki g ot a nd q B l is t e re to o t e ea r n s an u ee n s ; a we a r e

f d d y ch vi d c f h g v b i h M i ch l Sc h m g i c i
ou n t o- a su e en e o t e a e rt to ae o tt t e a an
"

;
h i i c d m ch f h q i d R b i
s to r an so C u wh m d o h w t e ua n t a n o n so n ru s oe , o a e t at on

pic q i i d m ic h i
t u re s ue d f l v y g
n ts w h i ch p v i d d E gl i h
o es t a rc te c er u o a e ro e n s

t u re a si i F i f Th d i i
s s ee n f
’

li n wi h e f i g m ec t ra t on s o te ra t ur e t on e o ts re a t e s t ro an e s.

c y x d f m h i m wh w b L g C di l B d
.

th e oun t e te n ro b
t e t e en as o rn a t ar o; ar na e a ton u rn e

S R g l l d d S A d w i h h h ic i h c y d f hi p l c
t e u us an e at t n re s n t e t e e re t n t e o u rt ar o s a a e

f hc y d S S ff h d h A d w f wh i ch K x d h i
. .

ou rt en t ur an S t er at e re t e at t n re s, or no an s

Cl f ll w f m xc d by
. .

li l K ig
tt e wh wen t b e rn , o as ib i orn at u ro ss e o -re or e rs e a te re t r ut on

an d f w d b c m h p
a ter ar is p gi g h c
e a ey f i P pi h ym b l
t e a t ro n s a n t o t ur n t e ou n t o ts o s s o s ;

G l g w T h gh h
as o my im f
ro u d C l d Pi l i w
t e s to r h t es o an at u ts an t e ss e e a re on t e

Sc i h h i y Fi f i c i h d h m g d f S i D vi d Wi lk i Sc
.

ot t s sto r e s a o n t n u ou s t re a o e ro u n o r a e, ot
— m im g ld m
so et f h v
es o l d g e n ,-
g i
o re o t e n Th m i t e re e rs e . an
'
s re a test en r e a rt s t e re a ns

S dd d h gh c y m y f m y bl d i fi gi v
.

tu e t r ou ou t im
the ou n t a re an o an o n e -t e no e e ce s e a

c l a st e s d p l c h
an m p i d c i dig i y
a a es t h
at g ic l l d
at so e er o e rt a n n t to t e a r u t u ra an

h v h d y ly b
a e ou s e h i h mi i g Fi f d y d i h i pi
ro a t or o rn e t e r s a re n n fe o to- a an n t e r ctu r

i ci vi c d cc l i ic l if F lkl d q d c y hi d
,

n an e es a s t v ia str e a an es ue e a or e en n t e r re s t o re

c A lb y m d f h g d fi d f v i h y f h
.
,
'
w ash t e s en e of an s ur er o t e ra n e u r, n a ou r n t e e es o t e

y g Dk f R h y hi
ou n u e h o w i hc ot y i esa e r to t e t e nt et -
en tu r a rt s t

h R b III D f m l i A bb y Th pi i f m d i y i h w v v y
.
,

t ron e o f o e rt un er ne e e s r t o o e rn t s, o e e r, er

w h
as t h i f h i ly Q M g
e s r ne o m ch l iv i
t e sa n t h K i gd m Fi f i
u ee n ar a re t u a e n t e n o as e s

B c v l h i ll d bb d y fi l dcp i
,

an d h t ew ll ru e , as d m e as se e ra ot er st u e , an an a a r an s a e s

CERES BY ROBER T NOBLE , R S A

. . .
 Th e Coa s t Tow/25
'

V zllag es

n ow d i fig d b y c ll i y ch i m y
s u re o er ne s,

w h il p p i y h
e f mdm
ro s er t as t ra n s or e ost

o f i i itsw d vill g
n t e r or Th to ns an a es e

g ch m f h c y i i h
.

re a t ar o t e ou n t s t s s ou t e rn

se lv g — h b a i f ll y v i d li
e t f at eaut u ar e ne o

l owc i d d wi h g l y c vi g
oa st n en te t en t ur n

b y w h i ch x d f m C l
a s, e te n s ro u ro s s o n th e
w e st C il to di c f
ra on t h e e a st , a st a n e o

AN OLD WYND CULROSS ,

BY ROBER T H OPE

th at th e sea ca n be c ru e l as we ll as

c a r e ss n i g
C ly h
.

l
u ro s s , th e m ost we s t er of t ese

pi c tu re s u e t oq d
wn s oes n ot no w b l g
e on

F if f ll d ch d
,

to e, but or ms p
f m a rt o a s a eta e

p or t i o n o f P h h i Th
e rt s re e c l f
a st e o
AN OLD COUR T YARD CULROSS BY ROBER T H OPE wh l dy f ll p y
.

M a cd u fi
‘

, .
, os e a e a re to

f y m il i wh i ch
or t es, n

on e h dly v l ar e er os e s

si gh f m q i t o so e ua n t

v i ll g a w h ip
e or to ns

W i h d li gh f l i
.

t a e t u n

c q c d b
on s e uen e an a

se n c f y g l
e o an e n e ra

pl h h m h bi
an t ese u an a

t at i ggl l g
on s s tra e a on

th e c v by oa s t , ne er

ch c an di g h ie se n n t e r

f l l dw d b
ee ers an ar s, ut

ta ki g h i n d t e r sta n

wh ere f m th e o zo n e ro

th e N h S or t ea can

pl y ba hi c w
a ou t t e r ro

s te pp d g bl e d a es an

h i gh pi ch d -
f t e r oo s,

e v en h ik at t e r s of

un w lc e mi d om e re n er s CULROSS FROM TH E T ERRACE BY ROBER T H OPE

8 2
 ’
Tlee Coa s t Town s aaa V i lla g es f
c F if e

M cb h m bi i
a et
’
s a t on is
'

g gi dl
,

on e , so a re t h e r e

c f m
ra ts l
en , th e sa t

p an w k or v e rs and e en

th e c l mi oa n ers ; th e
an ci y l b gh i
en t ro a ur s

b ut w ih fa ra t o i ts
f m l f d li c
or er se a ere t
h dy fi d
,

in t ese a s o n us

tri l p g i
a ro I re s s o n t

h i d ch f m
.

is t s eta m en t ro

m d o p g
e rn h ro ress t at

ma k esch m f th e ar o

Cl u ros s — y Th to da e

pl c
.

tow lb w
n e o s a a e

for i lf b w t se et een th e

p
st e e d d c li ff d
,
w oo e an

th e s e a , an d th e a rt s t i
will fi nd th e p i ctu r S T MONANS BY C H AS H MACKIE W
n —
R S

c wd iq
. .
.
, . . .

e s q u e ly a nt ue ro ( By p er m i ss i o o f] . S S . d E a W5 )
tu n o e
, s , .

i g i
n w cln n a r ro ose s

an d p d “
i enp i g h i
s,
”
som e t m es r e sen t n t e r end of th e r ot h or b gi e nn n i g of th e 1 7t h
fron b lli h d wi h
ts em c i d vi c
e s e t an en t e es c en tu r y an d on e of th e m ost pi ct u res q ue o f
c vdi h hi h id c C
,

ar e w k
n to t h e ston e or at ot e rs t e r t e se wa s th e re s en e of th e l
o on e l
g bl w h il h i d f li gh f d f w pl h
,

a es, e t e r re roo s ten u p th e k

E rs i n e , w h o w a s so on o a la ea t at

d ll g y f w ll T w h ll
u re s o th e a s h e to n a on i d hb d
h s g m bl d
e at h e he ru e at t e

d by b gh f h p f m L d
.
,

still u se i th e ur
“
at ers, s a re e r f i ill i
en t o h s u s t r ou s s on or

f pa i h yi g I h g i d g gi g
,

f h
e a tu r e i o d h
t e ma n st r e e t , a n t e r s E kirs n e, sa n
“
ae t en u an n

ch ch wi h i c p i ch i c c i C S i h i di
,
’
ur t ts om os te ar t e tu re, a se s n th e ou r t 0 e ss o n , a n d t at ot

c i b ck d y f L i gh J c my hm i
,

a rr e s on e a t o th e a s o e t on o k, will b i s on e s e t tl n
’
t e a
’
n a

M y f d w lli g h d f h Fig bj c will f d

.
,
”
an o th e e n -
ou s e s a te rom th e m on t u re su e ts be ou n

wi h d i ffi c l y i C l — v g
.

t u t n u ross th e a e ra e

F if i xcl iv f h — h
er s t oo e us e or t at but t ere

i s i l f b ck g
m a ter d f figa or a r ou n s or u re

bj c h i wil l
su e ts tb y fi d at t n ot e ea s to n

l whe se ere

w df m C l h i hi g
.

E a st ar ro u r os s t e re s n ot n

d i i c iv xc p h i d c l f
st n t e, e e t t e ru n e a st e o

R y h di g i l
os t sta n l f n sen t n e on a ow ree

O f c k ill ro c m I v k i hi g
s, t we o e to n er e t n

h O f R y l B gh d lik l y
,

a n ot er th e o a ur s, a n e

wi h h d v
,

t f h
t e v l b a en t o t e na a a se, to
l ch f i pi c q
ose mu o F ts tu re s u e n es s rom

g lf c h id f
.

th e h
o ou rs e on t e ot er s e o th e

y wh
ba h v i g enpl y t e e en n su n a s on th e
gg li g li f h cdd
,

s t ra n n es o ou s e s , a n d th e re e e

id t l f e i l
h as m fl e d dt th e n et a ud at o tt e

wi h p l f w t oo spi c i o a te r, th e tu r e s on e

h t at c ib d wi h v i
ca n be t ra n s r e t ou t ar a

i t A on cl cq i c nd on ose r a u a n ta n e th e
w h gh d i d c
.

to n, t ou i mo e r n se on ta n s s om e

q i ch i c
,

ua n t Th ar w f h t e tu r e e to er o t e

PALACE INVERKEI TH IN G ROBER T H OPE T w H ll g iv D ch p c h

.

“
TH E , BY o n a es a ut as e t to t e

84
 T/ze Coa s t Town s a nd Vi llag es f
o F : e

c f ra t, fo r th e mo d e rn
t ra wl e r is un k n o wn
in Fi f e ti ll we re a ch
A h d n s trut er a n

C ll dy k m i l e ar e, e s on

w d wh h Fi h ar ,
e re t e rt

i i wi d Th s at ts es t e

h
.

fi h li s e rs
'
ou se s ne

h b ch m wi h t e ea so e t
hi b k
,

i t e r ac s to t,
h h i g bl ot e rs t e r a es ,

d wh h m an en t e en

b y m d a re us a t n et en

i g h w m n or t e o en

b i i g h i li
.

a t n t e r n e s,

h i d t e a rt s t n ee

v l ck m i l ne er a a te r a

w h il ch bby
,

h e t e u

w h d ea t er tan ne
P I I I E NWE E M
' '

FROM TH E EAS T
‘

BY ROBER T H OPE ch i l d wh re n , o a re a

m p g y nu e ro us ro en

i g h dy bli g
,

m i a n b h m i
s t re e t , v ut t e ost n t e re s t n ou s e a re e er re a to o e

b gh i h L g i ll f h b c m
.

i n h t e k w ur Th s h
t at no n as e ar o, s t ur t er to t e e as t, e o es

P l c i wh i ch A b ll D m m d i m m i m E d i b gh b b b
a a e, n ra e a ru on n su er t e an n ur su ur ut

q i d if l c v
, ,

u e en f h w k b w ll io t h eb ea f i b y d i
ut fi e - n ten t on e t e ea ut u ur e o ts a an ts ne

R b III d m h f J m I d mk i xc ll k ch i g
,

o e rt an ot er o a es re sa n s a e t an e e ent s et n

id d d fh d h i g d f h wh i h pl c i d c p
. .
,

s eh at t e a te o er ea t n 1 40 3 rou n or t ose o w s a sea s a es

W i h i v l d ch m b cl i gl w i g hi ch M H gh
.

t ts d b au te a e rs an a rn a e n o n sun s ne, su as r . u

ou t - b i ld i g i m k u n s t a es

a n a t t ra c i v pi c t e t u re
Dy
.

A t s a rt , n ea r

w h i ch i R ig s a v e n sc r a

gh l d f h
,

a s t ron o o t e

S t Cl i d h a rs an t e

d w
.

b l m
a tt e e n te to er

o f S S fw cm t er e o e

p m ch mi d
.
,

u on u t o re n

us h i f m t at n or er

t im h es t e re wa s so

g re a t a d b w t ra e et ee n

Fi f d h N h e an t e et er

l d an g iv h
s as to e t e

p o rt Dy h of s a rt t e

na m f Li l e H l o tt e o

l d E v y D ch
an . en et ut

v l p
esse s i i a t ro n s e ts
h b ar d m
ou r a n s ee n ot

i c
n g on i hi ru o u s n t e r

s u rr ou n di g S i l l n s t
f h f B ck
.

u rt er ea s t o u

hv a fi d ll h
e n on e n s a t e

pi c q p ph
t u re s ue a ra er

na li f ha fih o INV RKEI TH IN G FROM TH E BA Y

t e s e rs BY R B R T H PE
’
E O E O

85
 ’

Tlze Coa s t Town s and V zl/ag es f

o F if e

C a m eron has p ai n te d
f or th e l a st d o ze n

y e a rs a n d m o re , w h il e

th e
“
C r u soe inn at

th e h ar b ou r h a s fu r
n i sh e d m an y a s k et ch .

On ou r way to St
M
.

on a n s th e ru i n of

N w k C tl
e ar as e, c on e

th e hm f o e o D vi d a

L ly h h
es e , f t e e ro o

P h i li p h gh i w ll
au s e

k ch
,

w h o rt ad s et , an

at S M t i d h on a r s a n t e

i gh b i g b gh
.

ne ou r n ur

o f Pi w m w
tt e n ee t o

g ly f q d
,

rea t re u en te
i bj c
a r t s t r e s o r ts , su e ts
b d S M
a ou n

Ki k fi c i
r
.

NEWARK
ve
CAS T
t
LE
. on a n s

e n t u r es
BY T . M A RJ OR I B A N K S H AY , R S . . W .

l h
,

ol d d an al t at re

f h ch p l d d i c d b y D v i d II
,

m i a ns o t e a e e a te a l k oo f h b
rom th eS Ad w ar ou r ot t n re s at

d h c li ff b y h pi c q Rgl c l i ff
.
, .

st a n s on t e t e sea, a tu r e s ue th e w to f S e rs o h t e u us on t e s

l d m k w h i ch f m w h v p i c C l wh
.

an ar ro a te er o nt we a b v o de, an h a ros s at t e a st e ere

v i w i ch m wi h i G h i c i m pli c i y C di l B h ld h i c
, ,

e t, ar s t ts ot s t ar na e a t on Th e s ou r t e

A Pi w m h h b v i wi h S R f m m d i cc w i h h fi
.
.

“ ”
t tte n ee t e ar ou r es t t e or ers a e s ar t t e ne

M g pi g f h h C h d l d ci g h bl d i fic
.

on a n s i h fi n t e ne rou n o t e ou se s , at e ra re u n t e no e e e to
k ch b k m y b fi ll d i l y w i h c m bl i g w ll i Ag
, ,

an d a s et - oo a e e eas t ru n d y a T s n on e a he u us

i g bj c T w d C il m d D mi ic
.

i
n t e re st n su e ts o ar s ra so e ti in an an m o i w n an on a s t e r e s e re

f h c l i ff c ymy py h i d yd b if l i y
.

o t e s en er a re a t e a r t st, l
a so e s t ro eb ut th e eaut u v

Of P i flg c v d wi d w f h Ch p l f h B l ck
,

b ut e a st w m h i t te n ee t e n te re st a s o ere n o o t e a e o t e a

t ill h E t e N k i “
dd d a st eu
”
s r ou n e an we Fi r ars m i re m b ll i h
a ns h to e e s t e s tr e e t
,

ch i c d h ar t e t u r e, an t e

pi c q g wy ture s u e ate a

c ll d Th P d
,

“ ”
a e e en s,

i h l li c f s t e so e re o

h l m f h t e s e tt e en t o t e

A g i i S u u st n a n s t
Ad w d
.

n re s oe s n ot

h ld l i n ow o e cc es

i l w y v a s t ca s a o er

Sc l d b i ot a n ut n on e

ph i l y dw
,

s ere t a s o n

h l Th Ryl t e aw e o a

d A ci Cl b
.

a n n en t u

l w ld f r u es th e or o

g l f d i li k h v o an ts n s a e

c
,

b h f ee n t e s en e o

m y c b an a n en ou n t er e

w h g t e en t e re a t e st e x

p f gm on e n t s o th e a e

AL A
.

E! ND E R
ABBEY AND CAS T LE OF S T ANDREWS . BY T . MA RJ OR I B A N K S H AY ,
E I T D D NG ON .

86
 T A R B E R T LO C H FY N E A N D T H E , ,

F I RT H O F C L YD E .

D E SCR I B E D BY J T AYL O R . .

I LLUS T RAT E D B Y R M G C OV E N T RY R S W . . .
, . . .

“E h i p h g s ili g p t i y p i c ll y ch m i g c y i Sc l d
at oe s a -s a n art t a ar n s e ner n ot a n

l ly w h d by fi h m di ic i h f i vi i g
.

cu a r m h
en an ne s er en, t e str t s t e r e o re an n t n o n e to

h v h d w d f l f ci
as e er h a ia ki g i pi i
on er u Ac as na t e a rt s t see n ns ra t o n . e n t re

f h
t on i d wh or t m y h h
e a rt s t ; c d ch p i
an W illi m
e re a t at a s a t t ra te su a n t e rs a s a

f d d f i c di i C li H D vi d M y
.

i b
t e oun un i
er M T gg a re r on t on s, or n c a a rt , o n u n t e r, a u r ra

ch i c
o er di g h
s u rr o u n h n d R M G C v
s, t an y d h p vid d
on th e sou t an o en tr an as ro e

w c f Sc l d w i h ch i p l g f bj c f m f h b p i c
.
. .
,

es t oa st o ot a n t ar e a i os o su e ts or so e o t e est t u re s n

i l
s an d d g p f l ch h
s, a n ro u c h y s o o d li l c mm d i
s. t at at on e ot er e a rs , n ee s tt e o en a t on
p vi d
ro e l h b
n a t u ra d m k dy ar ou r s an a e a to ~ a

c li f d ll i g p i c q m d pl c w i h
.

oas t ne o r a re a n T b a i ur n t u re s u e ar e rt s no o e rn a e t a

n e ss ? h i y f h l h gh h ll h s tor o us t e , t ou t ru t to te t e

Th ch i f c c fi h i g m d p i i i bb i g i m wh f i
, ,

e f h w
e e n t re o t e est o as t s n o e rn s r t s ro n t so e at o ts
i d
n y i T b
ustr sq i ld p ar ld i m
e rt, a c iv
ua n t by i d ci g h
o o rt , o -t e a t t ra t e n e ss , n t ro u n t e

si d
t ua te h m
n ear h f L ch F y t e m out v i ll od cc l i i c l d i fic
o ne,
“
s a rt a an e e s a st a e e,

wh h
e re w t l ch ll b
e est cc d i h h v c i i c g i y w i h
o a ut su ee s n t at a e a er t a n n on ru t t a

m ki g p
a n i l C y i
e n n su a i l d c d d i g b c k b y d h m i dd l f
ant re n to an s an re or at n a e on t e e o

c ig hi h c y wh D
.

T b ar ie rt s h f
on tf m d h u ou s to t e ar ld a e t e t rt ee n t e n tur en on en a

Ky l f B
o

L d fT b d gv h
,

es o d m f h
ute , m M k gil i
an so e o t e ost a e r st e , or o ar ar , a e to t e

TH E H AR O B U R T ARBER T
,
BY R . at . c . co v s s r n v , RS
. . w .

89
 Ta r ber t , L och F y h e ,an d t h e F i r th f
o Cly d e

f hc y d ou rtee n t en tu r an

gi v iq
,

i t es an an t ue

ch c h pl c a ra t er t o t e a e

Th
.

i fi er e s a ne n at

l h b d ura ar ou r , a r ou n

w h i ch li l h th e tt e ou s e s

g pd df m a re r ou e an ro

w h i ch w h
,

h en t e su n

i g i g d w h fl
,

s o n o n t e ee t

w y
,

il h fi h sa s a a to t e s

i g g d i g n r ou n r et u r n n

ly m i g
,

i h n t e ear o rn n

w i h h i gh c ch t t e n t s
’
at

Th ly h c
.

en tru t e s en e

i im d i ch i s an a te r n

BY R M G COVEN T RY l c l c l g p f
,

TARBERT R S W o a o ou r , r ou s o

b i ld
.
. .
, . . .

b f v i oa t s o a r ou s u

wi h g l m i
,

t en t e o t on on

m k f P i l y ch
on s o w i h h i gh
a s e a th bb i g w
a rt er , i ch b wt t e r t th e ro n a t er r ro n n e ts

imb
t o cu t t hi l d A li l w y
er on dd d w i h i lv h i g p i l f
s an s tt e a st u e t
“
s er err n ; es o

f m h p h d h i f b x c d i c l d
.

ro t e or t t er e sta n s t e ru n l o an o e s, s a t t er e n a re e ss or er ; st a

an ci c l c m m
en t gh li c i w fi h m i bl fl l d pl i d i g
a st e , o on e n ou re n a rt s er en n ue an n e an a n

figh i g w i w b il i h l g
,

th e t n es t ; b
t d b ig
as u t ll n t e on sea -
oo t s an s ou
’
w e st e r s , a

A FORES T MILL —\VES T LOC H TARBER T ,

BY R . M . G . COVEN T RY ,
R S . . W .
 ’
Ta r ber t ,
L och F y h e,
‘

and t h e F i r th of Cly a e

h a ppil y g pd rou i g hi e h l ph i h
i n th e m orn i f m d n su n s n e, sp ot,w e r e a n at u ra a m t eat re s or e

or g ydi l i ih c
re r zz e , bj c b y g l l p f l l y i g h ill
n e t er a se a su e t th e en t e s o es o th e ow - n s

fi b h Ab d d v i d f li g g w h
.

for th e n e st rus un an t an ar e o a e ro s ere,

h h D vi d M y p i d bi ch
.

I t was er e t h at a i u rra a n te on t e oak r an d m ou n t a n a sh on

S i li g p ch d by h l will
, , ,

My L h G
ov e as on e a - p a
y b h m ur a se th e a ze o w, an d r i ck l ra b le ,
Ch y B q C li H hi d h h b y wi
, ,
,
’
th e a n tr e e u est ; an d m o n u nter s t nne ere an d t er e n t er s t or s,

fi ne pi c Th S il tu re, f h S e p i p i f c
v er p ii o t e ea , was b ut n on e th e o or e r n o nt o om os t on

su gg d b y e st e C ll h i l y i g b c th e f hi “
a er e rr n
’”
n e a u se o t s

d l f d p i wh li gh
.

a rou n a m os t H ilro m M m p i th e f stan o n t ere a m t on a c a lu a n t er o su n t,

C v y k ch d c l d d f L ch F h
, ,

o entr s et e m ou r o o u re r ep rod u c was so en a o ure o o

y n e, t at he
i
t on T b m y b cl i m d ar h
ert ly ad i by i m gi c p e a e as t e ear h ad a s tu o ts ar n to a t u re su n
k ch i g ch l f m f b m h M y h
.
,

s et n s i oo o so i m k
e o th e a r t st s ea s t ere . an ot er a r t sts a e

m d i d d i IV i g f g l vi i d i g J l y A g '

na e ; T n l ee t wa s r a zo er s /
a zt n or re u ar s ts ur n u an d u u st , t h e

p i d h h b gh i b p i i g m h b c h i gh f
,

D k
ar n ess , a n te ere , t at ro u t m e st a nt n on t s, e a u se th e e t O
m di e f ate C li H am e to i d c d fi hi g o n h un ch i ter, an d n u e th e s n s e a so n is t en At su t me
y h c l b d Sc h v i y Of i ci d d c l
.

h m lik
i e m an a n ot er i e e
p ra t e ots t e a r et n en t an o ou r s a er

l i L d ch m
,

m an t o s e tt e n on p i on h p et u a l ar t o th e a nte r ; th e sea t e

w h l vill g d di ic i p i d h ill f m
.
, ,

T he o e ky h a e an l st r t s a n t s t e s tu n te s, a re al t ra n s or

bl i ch i cp
,

a e ; r n sea s a e,

l d c p
an s am e an d at os

p h e ri c e ff c w h h e ts , et er

th e mor n i gb i n e lu m n

ou s , g y cl d
or re ou s

d if hw
r t at y a rt t h e sk
wh h et erv i g th e e en n

b e pl d
re s ih en en t w t
th e gl w f w
red o o a e st

c o a st m
s u n se t , or so

b re wi h h m idi y
t th e u t
t h q i ckl y
at l u sett e s

a r ou n d R ic i '

e st r t on
i g v h ill
.

to r oa m n o er

an d d l i k w
a e s un no n

y fi
,

a n d m a n a n e

s k ch i g
et xc i n e u r s on

m y a m d be a e

A cli m b p R b c k
.

u oe u

H ill li l a tt e to th e
h f h vill g
,

n or t o t e a e,

a ff dor s p a rare r os

p e et ; T b l ar ert n e st e s

at th ef by d o ot , e on

h f ilv d
,

lik e a s e et o s er e

gl w h h y
a ss, en t e da
i s cl li ea r,L ch es o

Py ne gi b
; an d a a n e

y don B th ed u te an

Ay h i c
,

rs re i o a st s , a ll n

a vi i s on of l v li o e n e ss

di c
.

A th t e stan e of

a il w
m L ch
e est o

T b i iar er t d s s tu a te a

i c ll y p y EARLY SPRI N G —DUN RE

,

r om a n t a r e R M G COVEN T RY
tt U BY . . .
,
R S . . W .

oz
th e n fl gh wwl a v u m

b m ami a‘ ov e r hm

and man y a I n.

A c fi ai b u p k u b nct
m u. a Bad e to th e

a m i le wes t Loc h
‘

w a i a cofl s m
 Ta r ber t ,
L och F y n e , a nd th e F i r t h o

h d w d mi h s a o o n a tes t e
7 Sc i h m p h o tt s a t os ere

wh w ld C v y e re ou o en tr

g hi b i lli ff c et s r ant e e ts ,
hi im i h i p k s an a t on , s s ar

li g c l if p p l n o o u r, er e tu a

mi hv d v h st o e re o er t e

Sc i h l d c p ot t s an s a e, as

m i m g so e a rt s t s s e e to s u
g ?I k m h es t t ta es o re t an

h ppy m p m a a te e ra ent

d l mi p l an u n o us a et t e to
c v y h f li g f on e t e ee n o sun

l i gh h q li y m t ; t e ua t ust

fi xi d b y L ch rst e st . an o

Py h i i b ne s ore t s to e

D UNU E CAS T LE
R BY R M G COVEN T Y f d i mi ig d f l R RS W ou n n un t a te u

d C v yg
. . .
, . . .

n e s s, an o e n tr oes

h p i i B h t e re t o a nt t ut e

d by h w h wh i ch h d li g h T h gh
.

i g ly fi
n a
'
ec t e t e ea t ll h
e r, im e re oe s n o t n er t e re a t e t e ro u

m y ch g m y i m d i ly pic S d fB l g h Fi h f
.

a an e an f h
t es a t u re s o t e ou n o ute . a on t e rt o

c l d y l i gh l i g wi h h d w i h C l yd b y h C i ck c
,

ear a t a t e rn a t n t s f Ay
a e h t e, t e a rr oa st o r, to t e
k l i d c pi c dd
a e os o su l i l fi hi g h ml D
e n n es s . i i tt e s n a et , u n u re , s a t ra n s
I m t b
ust pp d h w v
n ot h i f m
e su o se f v i m i k ch i g
, o e e r, t at t on ro one a ou r te ar ne s et n

BA LLOC HA NTU A Y, CANTY RE BY R M . . G . COVEN TRY , R S

. . W .
 f
'

Ta r ber t ,
L och P y n e ,
a nd lh e F zr f h o Cly d e

g r ou n d to
-
c d im i
a n ot ih h gg i
e r, wi t h i wi h h on t r a s t a n s w t su e st o n to an a r t st t t e

i y b w
la r t m et een v th ili y f C v y
e e rsa t t o a o e n tr

h wh l c f m A d if h b y hi g i ci
. .

I n t rut li th e o e oa st n e, ro n t e re e an t n n th e a s so a

G re e n a n h h d f A and i f g
t i e m y c ea li l h
s o y r, on to t on o en u s, it a ou n t a tt e t at

B ll l g w p f pi c q wh B y h
,

a an t ra e , i s o n e on s p ee o tu re s ue en u rn s was a ou t he s en t s om e

b ea ut y i i m i gh w l l
ov e r
'

m
wh ch b y ch li g h i m l f
th e a rt st t e su m e rs n ear s oo n se to
y b c gi l
,

t a rr h w i f e om e t e s e e te st a rt s t o so n n al

A D C v y cl l y d i h h l d
.

t u n u r e, o en t r ose s tu es t e t e an

i c m lli g i b k l y wi h D p y
.

sea ; t o es A ro T b n i in ro en t a t ar e rt or u n u re t s a r e tt

l g w ll i d c d b y i gh w ch fl f fi hi g b
,

on s e m i f h
n u e th e ot on o t e s t to at th e eet o s n o a ts

A l i c d q i ck d i c h gh d p i g i g f m
,

t ant an u ene as fit om e s t rou e a rt n to or re t ur n n ro th e sh

ch l f m d b y N h f I l d i g g d d fi dy f ll w
,

th e ann e or e th e o rt o re a n n rou n an a ne stu to o o

j i g p i cl pi c q
, ,

and th e f C y utt nT li o n t o an t re he th e ne an d o o ur, an d t u re s ue

l py h v p bbl y b ch h i d l i g wh g pdi
.

s ee h a en t e h b e li ea t e e se tt n en t e oa t s e rou e n

gi c l fih li l h b by ld q y w ll
, , ,

b o a t s,h t e o ld sea rt ast e, th e s er th e tt e ar ou r , th e o ua a

f lk d h w ck c mi g J TA Y L
.

o , an t e ra a rt, a re tee n . OR .

TH E AYRS H IRE COAST BY R M . . G . COVEN T RY ,

R S . . W .
 T H E H I G H LA N D S O F SCOT LA N D .

D E SCR I B E D BY J T AYL O R . .

I LLUS T RA T E D B Y A BR OWN L I E D OC H A R TY . .

T w i ll b g ll y c c d d h
e e n e ra bj c m i l l g h i xc
on e e f t at no su e t a te r a a to et er n e es s o

p f ha rt w ld b
o t ep y h xp c i
or qi m
e t te r re a s t e e e t a t o n o r re u re ent

h gh f l l dcp F m Gl g w i g p i h
.

t ou i t uf h a tt e n t o n o t e an s a e ro as o as s t a rt n o nt a s o rt

p i h h H i gh l d f Sc
a n t er t an t d e y j y b i g y p i c l h i gh l d
an s o ot an ea s ourn e r n s t a an

l d Sc
an ; d Byott h v g h i c y c c l y i h h bb i g c
an r on a e su n t e r s ener ; s ar e s t e t ro n e n t re

p i ra s e s ,Al x d F e J m D h y f ci vi l i i l f b hi d h R b R y
an er ras e r , a es oc a rt o sa t o n e t e n ere t e o o

h f h h v l i m d h i c y i ch d —A b f y l
,

an d a os t o ot e rs a e h b ne t e r ou n tr s re a e er o e, or t e ea u

b i
ea u t es, all i w y w hy f bj c d i f l d i i c h k i h
n a a or t o h su e t an t u st r t t at s r ts t e s ou t -e a s t e r n

s c Th h f W v l y h m d h f L ch L m d Th C ll d
en e e aut or o
“
a er e
"
as a e s o re o o o on e a en ar

h p f i l db k w W H i gh l d R i l
. .

th e n o rt e rn a rt o d Ob
ou r d h
s an e tt e r no n an an, a n t e es t an a

h
t o t e t ra v ll h eh Swi
er tTy l an w y t v l e d i g p m i c ch m
s s or r o ea n a re ea an un en n a n o ra ar

A lp W i ll i m B l ck c id h i f h i ll d v ll y
,

s ; a a h as d b a rr e pl i f t e n o an a e an e a u t eo u s a n, o

t e res t i h m
n to t m gi c l d i
e ic f ll
os t l ch d a m d w d d gl d
a wh i l
st r t o a o an s t re a an oo e a e : e

h c i c f m F W i lli m M ll i g d
,

h
t e w i l
es t e rn s e s, t h li at o n s t tu te a o as t t e ne ro o rt a to a a an on

li ne o f g g ph i c l eo iq
ra Th a i S ky h gh h c y w h P i c
un u e n es s . e a rt s t to e, t ro u t e oun tr e re r n e

m i gh t h l d h i k ch i g p ph Ch li i d h i
s ou er s s et d d wh h c l
n a ra er ar e ra s e s sta n ar en t e an s

na li g a, o dmon ai h h i gh g h d
ra n o h gh d i i c f i d i b
tou r n t e at e re , cu ts t ro u a st r to n e s cr

l d an s, d fi d an w l h d ch m f bl
n a c i f m k ch i g p i f v i w
ea t an ar o a e a t t ra t on ro as et n o nt o e .

"
TH RO '
m s G LEN "
av A . s a o ws u s DOC H A RTY

99
 Th e H i gh la n d s o f S cot la n d

we st e r ly one is wil d
an d rom an t ic th e
c wh f
,

s en e of o re s t ere

th w o d w s pl t d
e o a an e

an d i t e d d by N s n e a~

tu re ; of st e e p pi ne

c l d h ill w h i ch
,

a on

tre e d h bg w an s ru ro

sp ly t w d th
a rse o ar e

su m mit ; of l ly on e

s h dy g l e wh e th
,

a n er e

h d h ea t er a n th e

b ck i dd ra en l e u n t ro en

hy p pl as t e tu r n t o ur e

d g ld f gi d an o ; o tur
wh i c d
,

m te res te s t re a

h wh i
,

i h n ot a st e en n

Sp ch l c li y a te su a o a t
i p i d By w i h as ns re ron t

H I G H LAND LANDSCAPE BY A BROWNLI E d m ic b i f

h
. D O C H A RT Y
a sn eer at t

o e st
e

eau t e s
tam e ,
o

hi d li gh f l s own e t u

B f utwil d h i gh l d c
or y gg i v c y h gi c} b l g d i han s en er su est e ou n t r ; t e t ra a tt e- r ou n n t e

f h ch c d hi y f h C l h fi l f h b ll i i ’
o t e a ra te r a n st o r o t e e t, t e na a ct o t e re e on n 45
w l d d w ll g f h h F mF Ag d li gh f l h i gh
.

i
a rt st ou o e to o a rt e r n or t to ro or t u u s tu s , a e t u

c ld C l d i f l d h ml i d wh i ch h i
,

t h e f h
e n t re o t e o d a e on a n o r e s t, an a e t, n an a ro u n t e art st

wh N
e re i i ll b
a tu r e f di i s w i ll fi d i p i i
st i i b
to e h i
ou n n a pr n ns r a t on t s ut a s or t d s

d p i l d by h g id i g c h g gl h
,

m di l mor a oo uns o e t k e u n ta n e to t ree re a t en s t at ta e

h d fm ll l c f m h c l d L ch
,

an o an p a ra e ou r s e s ro t e an a an o

A p b y d F Wi ll i m B vi N w d h w b d Gl
.

s te e on o rt a ana e es s to ar t e est e rn s ea oa r en

g d h l will
.
,

an d a oo ote

be f d wh oun e re at

h v y b
,

t e er f B a se o en

N vi m xc ll
e s so e e e en t
s k ch i g g
et n d li r ou n es

n ear H h h
ere t e s ou t

x mi y f
.

ern e tre t o th e
Cld i C l i
a e on a n ana s

l c d
o ate ili gan d sa n

l g h b if l
,

a on t e ea u t u

w ll w d d b k
e oo e an s

m y f v
a n bl a ou r a e

s k ch i g c
et n ill en tres w
be dbf F
n ot e e or e o rt

Ag u i
u stu s ch d s r ea e

bj c i v
,

a p i f
o nt o o e t e

f or i i
th e a r t ch st n sea r

o f f h fi
on e o t f e n est o

h i gh l d k ch i ga n s et n

g d ro u n s

c lc h
.

T he an a u ts t e

bi g c yIvou n t n e r n es s

i n to ptwo h OLD CALEDONIAN FORES T

a rt s ; t eBY A BROWNLIE . D OC H A R T Y
 ’
Th e H zgh h m a s of S ee r/a n d
s pl d f h i gh l d
en ou r o an

a t t rac iv w kt e n e s s, a a e

th lv d d
at o e an un er

st a n di g f N h
n o a t u re e

so f ci bl y
or c ib tra n s r es

on c v D h y an as oc a rt

c i fic g i
.

sa r es n ot en u s

at h hi fv
t e s r ne o e rs a

i i y
t l t i ;l d he s a an

sca
pi fi d l
st rs t an a s t,

p p er i g h b
etu a t n t e est

tr a d i i f Sc i h
t on s o ot t s

l d c p p i i g
an s a e a nt n
’

bi g
,

an d h ip
e r n s a r e

j dgm
u d h en t an ere

i
d tar y i c li i n n a t on to
th e tas k
Gl
.

en M o ri s t o n i s th e
c f s c en e and e n tr e o

h h ill i g j c bi '

t e t r n a o te

SPAT E IN G LEN BY A BROWNLI E y h wi h ll i s t or t at t a ts

wd i l f
,
MOR I S TON . D OC H A R TY
h ta r n ess as e t a

gl m i h H i gh a ou r n t e

o f i d g w h i pi i g i l y l d f
u n st n t e ro t c y d h lf f b
a re ns r n ; n ea r an s a ter a en tu r an a a o so er

b f fl ci Th i ic ph
.

a u tu m j n, h
u st bl m l v h e or e m t e moo ea es t e re e t on s ro an t at os er e

h h b ck g l d h q i ck h i m gi i
.

ea t e r, a s th e ra en tu rn s to l o t e u en s t e a n a t on , as th e n a tu ra

c m bi i i ch f c l g d ch m gl
,

o d
n at on an r y n ess d o o ou r a re ra n e ur ar s th e e e, an th e en

a ll i g T h
ur n h iv M i en f h m k d bl pp l h i
t e r er or s t o n o ten t us a es a ou e a ea to t e a rt st

d f i bl d b y h d d wh h
.
,

s w ll o en an u r ou s, k i pi i t ro u e a un re o se e s ns r a t on t ere

c c d f m h h ill g i v i m i J TA Y L
.

as a es ro t e s, es a n a t on to OR
c h
. .

t h e s ien e , a s t rus es

b wet h
een bi ch t e r

cl d b k i h
a an s n ot

h a ste a n d f y ur

A B w li D
.

ro n e oc

h y p i h h i gh
.

a rt a n ts t e

l d l d c p wi h
an an s a e t
u n su r p d fid li ya s se e t
an d p w o ifi i er ; art c

a li y t h as ci n o a tt r a t on

f or hi N m, i a tu r e n

ch i c f m d
o e st , re e st oo

is hi ch s en an t re s s
ill l ch
.

Th e st d o an

f il pl i m k
e rt e a n a e no

a pp l h i m b h
ea to ut t e

wil d g l f
,

en , th e oa m

i g iv
n r h g er , p d t e r ou e

or li y
so ta r h t re es , t e

t h ickl y c d s a ttere
b ckra hen bl m t e oo

i g h h i
,

n ea t h er, n a ll t e

n at iv w l h e -v
dea t — LEN an
BY A BRO W NLIE “
N OVE M B E R G MOR I S TON . D OC H A R T Y
 Th e H i gh la n d s f
o S cotla n d

CLU NI E H I LLS BY A B RO W NLI E

. D OC HA RTY

ROAD G LEN NO RlS TON

BRO W NLI E DOC HA RTY
A ND Ri v E R,
 I ONA .

D E SCR I B E D B Y j T AY LO R . .

I LLUS T RAT E D B Y G E O R G E H O UST ON R S W , . . .

E m g l y c i d B i i x m pl f c i
ust be s tra n e ch i c
o n st t ute r ta n ; e a es o an en t ar te t u re
wh to I h li l i l
om d c lpona ill m i t d p c li l y
e tt e s e an s u t u re st re a n ; an e u ar

h c iv c m b i i ff c i k y
.

t i h
rus t bl w out n to t de ue a t e rs a t t ra t e o n a t ons an e e ts n s

f h A l
o i c byt e f h d d l
t ant d b d on e o t e an sea a n an a ou n

ly p i f Sc l d f il T di i d l g dmyh b lf
.

m w
os t e ste r o n ts o ot a n a s ra t on an e en a e re e e t

gl y pp l Th g l gi h i cc p d h h i x h
,

s t ro n to a ea l i m y b e eo o st , s a on e ; t a e a e te t at t e s t

li g i dv iq i c y I i h mi i y b c m h I i
.

i
t or a n , re ou s de o t ee , ant uar an , an e n tu r r s ss on a r e a e t e on an

i ll m
a r t st , c a n a hi i h b id A bb b
e et o n t sh d d y n ner f h e r ea n ot, a ou t a un re e a rs a te r t e

i l d
s an d fi d an w lh f i n a R m l g i h d fi ll y wi hd w f m
ea t o n t e re s t un o an e ons a na t ra n ro

q ll d i y h p f c y B i i w h R m d h g i f
,

e ua e n an ot er a rt o ou r oun tr r ta n en o e, un er t e e n us o

cc d i g h l D k f J i i gii g m fh l
.
,

T he s t ra t a a or n to t e a te u e o u st n a n wa s re a n n so e o er os t

A gyll d b c k h f m p i g d h d i g h A bb li f
. ,

r a tes li a to t e ea r e st or a res t e an t at ur n t e ot s
'
e

C l mb d w h c dc q f B i i
,

i
t ons ; o u a i f llreim h t e a t te n t o n o a t e t e se on on ue s t o r ta n wa s
m en i
to mi i
h y l m m b i gc id
s ss o n a r se tt e en t o re e n a rr e on

h hi h d dy b y w h i ch h
.

t an t rt e e n g uni w T
re p i lik i mb
e a rs a o ; t as he ast s e a n us , t e

th e y g d f Ch i i i y i p
n u rs e r ro u n do i b l d li f i m y
r st a n t n re s e n t s ta n s o ut n o re e ; t a

n u: MAR T YR S BAY —lON '

A BY G EOR G E H OUS T ON ,
R S . . W
 w t h ch xh il
i su e arat n i g
i
a r h i d t a t su st a n e e ff o r t

b c m e m o es a e re m a t ter
O fc T ou rse he su n will
vi g
.

tan th e sa e, b ut
th cm ere o es n ot th e
l i d
a ss tu ci e a sso a te d
w t ih m h su m er eat

th e p i a n t er ca n kts e ch
up to th e u t m os t li m i t
p oi n t
G g
.

eo r e H ou s to n

k ws t h e i l d
no s an as

w e ll a t h t iv ; h
s e na e e

h k t ch e d t h e f
as s e er or

i gh t s o a d fi d
e sea n s, n n s

i ts p ibili t i e s i e
oss n x

h t i b le ; h
aus h il i t e a s

as th m t d e li gh t f l
e os u

A G REY DAY— IONA OUS TON S W

l o c a li t y i t h e w o l d n r ,
BY GE ORG E H , R . . .

on a fi ne day — a
y e,
h dy an d o n ot er a s, t oo ,

n ot h f b l g h i g d Wh wh h g y m i c m l g h i g
t e r e o re e a to et er n or e en en t e re st o es a on s u tt n

I fi c m i h i i c vi w h ff w ld c i g
.
,

on a r st o es n to st or m e t e O th e ou t e r or re a t n th e at o

S x b gi bli h h m lv v ph h g iv i ll y v d
,

a on s e n t o e st a p s t e se es o er s ere t at es a ere n n a er an t
t h l e
g h d b
en d h Of h l d
t an g ream k ht h i gh l d
t e p an re e n n ess, a es t e an er su er

c id h I p vi d wi h
.

I m y t a at on i i i
e be d sa t at i on a s o n e of st t ou s , an ro es th e a rt s t t
th e m d li gh f los t e hf h di i l
t u h i l
r et re a t s on e a rt di or t e stu es n ow t on e s ; t en th e s an s no

i
a r t st h m g i m pl ; t ere a p h i i c d l d l i gh f l
on s e, u n so st a te ess e t u

f lk w y f m f m d A m g h d i i c iv f
.

o a ll m
a ro th e a u re en ts o h o ern on st t e st n t e e a t u r e s a re t e

d d by
,

i m s s u r ro u n e a

d li gh f l Ol d w l d
,

e t u - or

n e ss , a nd ch the en an t
i g ch m O f N
n ar s a t u re ,

h e h w hi m l
ca n t ro se f
i n hi
to w k i s or n a

w y h a will b k
t at et o en

su cc Tes s h he t ree

q d
.

u a rter m il e s ou n

I l O f M ll
,

an d th e s e u

a re g i no re a t n t er

p i ios b w
t on s e t e en

I on a d an i th e ma n

l d y
an , b h et to e t ere

i lik
s j e a i so ou r n n a

f O ff l d w h
a r- h
an e re t e

gh O f
,

o st s m th e re ot e

c i p pl h
en tu r e s eo e t e

Cv h C hd l
a es , t e at e ra

N y d h
,

th e u n n er , a n t e

A bb h ’
ot s Th
ou se e

cl i i
.

se u s on s ra r e, th e
su bj c v v i d
e ts e A CROF T— IONA
er ar e G EOR G E H OUSTON
, BY ,
R S . . W .

1 [ 0
 m W b
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in "
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N a
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l¢n d , wh ere th c

m u ch . p e op le t h e
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m fi em y. u d tba
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it h “ I ‘
“ h m m
'
 TH E W H I T E SANDS OF IONA BY G EOR G E H OUS TON ,
R S
. . W .

cl e a r n e ss of d h il d th e wa te r a r ou n t e s an T ee s r a re p ra c i c ll y
t a un k w no n ; I on a is
an d h c t ech g i g c l O f h
on s ta n t an n o ou r t e no pl c e f a or a ff or e st a t o n , i fo r t h e so il i s n ot

s ea Th i c d by h wh i
e on e s a u se t e te, d ee p e gh pp g wi g
n ou to su ort ro n t imb er ;

dy b m h p ly by f i d li gh f l h g y
.

san ot t o ; th e ot er a rt th e b ut t h e t ur s e t u s or t , ra s s

fl c i O f m vi g w d h g iv dy f b j w ll d wi h d i i d d
, ,

re e t on o n se a ee t at es a san tur e e e e t a s e s, re an

d p p pl d bl by w h i W lki g v N c p wi h
, ,

v i i
a r a t on on ee ur e an u e, a n d te a n o er a t ure s
’
ar e t, t

g i ck h f li l c k l p O f h h i gh
.

th e red ra n te ro s t at orm tt e re e s c h mi g
ar p h p a t te r n
n u t e s o es t e e st

g h h ill D i g ig v g l
,

and i l l l
n et s al A i a on th e s o re t t m es un- , and az n o er th e en t e u n

g h di g h w d h h ill f M ll
.
,

th e w is l mi
a t er a u n ou s re e n s a n to a d i
u la t o n s n or t ar to t e s o u

d p bl p pl w y i di c w y b y d gi O f
,

ee u e or ur e a a n th e st a n e and a h f —ff
a e on to t e ar o re on

T w d h h O f i l d h li S ky wi h h dd d wi h
.

o ar t e n or t th e s an t e re es e, b t t e sea e t we e n s tu e t
d lm wh i w h i ch d O f c i f m d d iv
,

a fi n e sa n a ost a s te a s s n o w, i l s an s i u r ou s or an e rse s ze ,

wi y d y i bl w h i h d hi h p c i O f i d c ib bl ch m
,

on nd a s s o n t er a n t t er t h p e ros e t s one n es r a e ar

i gi Of wh i d i c i ly y
.

T he or n th e te sa n s u r ou s and b eau t

i g i f m d by p lv i i g N wh h g
.

i n t e re s t n ; t is or e th e u er z n o e re f a re t ere re a t e r or m or e re

O f y i d O f h ll O f
m r a s p ci Of l d s e s a s e es an q ch g O f m p h i c ff c h i
uen t an es at os er e e t t an n

sn a il b i i g su h cl v
s st n c h on t e o er t r a ts t at I on a g g p h i c l i i cc
°
th e eo ra a s tu a t o n a ou n t s

h ff c O f h i wi h h h ch g x pl i h
,

s ki rt T
th e s or e he e e t t s, t f or t i s, a n d t ese an es e a n t e a t t ra e

d p bl O f f hg Of h i l d
.

t h e ee ue th e se a th e re s re e n l iv e ness i Th t e s an to th e a r t st e

l d h pi k i h g i ck d h v b c m cc m d
, .

on th e an t e n n t e ra n te ro s, i l s an e rs a e e o e so a u s to e to th e
ch w l d h v ch m d c c p l d wh i m b ll h h y
,

i s su as ou a e ar e th e a ute a m -
s too an te u re a t at t e

sen se f p c l i A h M lvill
o u re o ou r n rt ur e e .
p y a m no i h i h
or e a t te n t o n to t e a rt st t an to

1 14
 1 07m

pe gi re r ne b i d s O f p s g e t h t ch m s O f N a t e e ll t o b fo d i
or ot h er r a sa a ar ur ar a e un n

in s e s vi i t t h i s l d T h e e t w p od i g l pl t y on I
a on s e an s i l er ar o r a en on a
’
s e

c mf h t l wi t h a m pl e c c om Th e b e c Of t s d h b s d p iv
. .

o o t bl r a e o e s, a a s n e re e an s ru e r es

m od t i fo
a onj th r h d d t h e i l d f t m i t e st t t h e
s o ou r n e r s , e un re s an o au u n n re o

to i st t h t d a il y v i i t t h e Ol d pl c
ur s a ti t d th e h te i g st
s m s Of wi t a e ar s an as n n or n er

d i g th m m e m o th l d db t ft t h g t h fe e l s w h p c ki g
,

ur n e su r n s a re an e u so en e re re e en a n

h o d h l f d l v t h i l d p h i k t ch d m ki g g i f t h e
,

o r an ur an a a an ea e e s an u s s e es an a n a a n or

s q i t s a Sc o t t i h S bb a t h c t e s of c ivili s t i o h l e v s I t t h e
,

a u e a F th s a or e en r a n e a e on a o

a t i t w h o c o m bi e p t wi t h k t ch i g
.
,

r s n t iv e
s s or s e n n a

t h e e i g od fi h i g i t h S u d F i h wi t h I h s p c i a l t t c t i s f G eo ge
.

r s o s n n e o n s on a a s e a ra on or r

p o o c bl e m e b t fi l y p l t bl H s t o ; t h h e g et fi m g i p
.

un r n un ea na s, m t
u ne a a a e ou n e re see s o r r

t h e L o wl d d S ch e O f t h Sc t ti h t m ph e d i t s ill s ive
“ ”
to an er an a sse n a ar e o s a os er an u

t o b e c gh t i pl t y a t h h i gh l d e li t y i fi e l y c gh t i ll h i I i
, ,

au n en s e an r a s n au n a s on an

a vi g t d t h e I i k t ch e Th e i o t i i g
,

e ymrr wh h
an o as n a e im on a n s e s re s n s ra n n no

d i l g il c ft fo v e r t h i t y y s p ovi g N t b t O f e li m l y
.
, ,

so un n u -
sa ra r o r ear r n a u re , u a sen se r a s on

will t t i fy I t i m m e s k t ch i g be f d i td p i ti g
,

es t s a su r e n o ou n n ou oo r a n n

g d w h e t h e ti t m y m b t t C l m b fo d i t h e i sl a d s fe
. .

'

r ou n er ar s a r oa a ou a o u a un n n a a

will t p b ei g wo d k w
re s a ss sy l m
n f th p op g t i O f t h
a r un w no n a u or e r a a on e n e

O ld N o m ch i t ct C l t i c c o s s e li g i o ; m y Sc o t t i s h a t i t d i c v e
.
,

r an ar e u re , e r s e r n an r s s s o r on

c oft c t s d c ot t g s b oa d e i t t h e t t h t i c l ov li e s d m ke
,
’
r ers o an a e r s a e ra r s ae s e e n s, a n a

e cl d b y h i ll d d l d d i st t i t ch m s k o w v a wo l d w i d e e
, ,

n o se a an a e an an s ar n n o er r -
ar a

g e y k y d bl sk y a d th e J TA Y L OR
, .

m t i
oun a n , r s an ue ,
n o r . .
 T H E W E ST C O A ST O F I R E L A N D .

D E SCR I B E D A N D I LLUS T RA T E D B Y W II BART L E TT . . .

HE p i f h G lw y M y ort on s Of h w d f i g wi h
o t e a a a o t on e s t e s ea ee r n es, t a se a

d D glc wh i ch I v yi g f m d p l m i i ch
,

an one a oasts ca n ar n ro a ee u t ra ar ne to a r
cl i m f i l y w ll cq i d m l d d h
a to be d ha r p pl k e a u a n te e e ra an e re a n t e re ur e s t re a s

wi h m y b id p y lli g O f h i dd c k Th w h l c
,

t m a e sa to os s es s an te n en ro s e o e s ene

ch c i i c i c m m A d c ll p c Of S h I ly h
.

a ra te r s t s n o on s re g a r s re a s an as e t o ut e rn ta ra t er

cl i m l y d i ff c h ff c f m m hi i h
.

d
ate a n mp h te e r a t u re t e on e re n e t an an e e t o su er sun s ne n t e

w ld i wh
ou f mlclc
a r se wil d w
e re , B b if l
ro i d b dly
o a a us e s , o n e e st ut ea ut u as t un ou te
hl dp ii gi If l h i i g d
.

h ad a m ore s i
e t e re pos t o n a a n st th e s. ee t e re s a m o re e n etra t n an

A l i c m My x p i c f h
t a nt s t or b l ch m i h i lv y g y h m i
s. e er e n e o t e su t e ar n t e s er - re ar on es

cli m p d i g v a te , s mbre a fy b n Of h o h w wi d I lw y
er a nu er o e a rs , orn t e so u t - e st n a a s

dw f ll w F m hi k h I h v v ywh
.

m y b a p e ut o n as o o s ro the t n t at a e ne er see n an e re

ly i J l y fi ch b i f l ki W
.

l a d f M y
t te r e n il o a unt i earh f n u a ne su ea u t u s es as n t e est o

ch m y l k d f Th l I l d T c di i f v bl
,

dr y s t re t a be oo e or e a t te r re a n he on t o n s a re s o a o u ra e ;

h l f f J l y i g ll y l d Th d y wi d d mi y w m w h
. .

a o u s e n e ra u n se t t e e r east n s an st ar ea t e r,

ly p f A g
.

ea r a rt o u us t

i s f g d b
o te n oo ut

w d
,

to ar si ith e e nd t s

un c i Sp m
e rt a n . e te
b er b ca n f h e one o t e

b est m h Of h on t s t e

y — D gl
ear th e on e a

su mm h y
e r, a s t ey sa

i n h p t at A y a rt . n

one wi hi g m k s n to a e

f i ly
a r f w m
s u re o ar

d ry w h h ld
eat er s ou

g o l i J
ea r y n une

Ni im
.

ne t f e s ou t o te n

t h w h m y b
e eat er a e

c d b h vi g
ou n te on e a n

i lf A h
ts e . m t t e sa e

t im i m e t b us t n ot e

f g or h fi
ott e n t at ne

d y w
r h d li ghea t er, e t
f l u i as i f m t s ro a

pl e a s u re p i f o nt o

vi w d e ff d
oe s n o t a or

h cp f h
,

t at s o e or t e

i h
a r t st t l d
at u n se t t e

w h g iveat er es

I h v f q ly
.

a e re uen t

see n a ch O f h
s t re t t e

C m
o n n e c a ra o a st

wi h i t lyi g ts out n

i l s an d b hd i at e n

gl ori hi
ous su ns ne ,

t h w m y ll w f
e ar e o s o

t h e ck m i gli g
ro s n n

wi h h d p g ld
t t e eeWAI T IN G ISLAND OA T
o en W H BAR T LE
“
F O R TH E B BY . . TT
 Th e Wes t Coa s t ( f [ r ela n d

su ch as p e v a il t h
r ere

f or lo n g s t re t ch es

at a t im e, a re

v y fe w
er and fa r
b t we i
e en n a w a rm

cli m t A a e m oi s t at

w pi g
.

m o s p h e re s ee n

in from the At l t i c an

g iv es y ch c e v er an e

fo r h f m i f
t e or a t on O

l v l y c l d ff c
o e ou e e ts
My fi cq i
.

rst a ua n t

an c wi h h G lw y
e t t e a a

c c oa s t h gh
am e t ro u

an i vi i n f m ta t on ro

an Am i c eri an a rt st

f i d th livi g
r en en n

ju s t ou t s i d G lw y e a a

Th c i
.

in
i
e re

t e r e st i
s

Ol d n
a

th e
e rt a n
SEAL DIVER “
TH E
nf nf ) BY W . H . BAR T LE TT
( By per m i ss i o t h e Corp or a t i o L eed s
i gh b
o o .

to w d
n an ne ou r

h d b f m
oo ut, i p iro f vi w an
’
a rt st s o n t o e R d ou n h d iv
s t on e , m il t i en a r e of 50 es n a

m i ly c d i h pi c q l g y f p p ch b y h
, ,

it i s a n en t re n t e t u re s ue on b w
ca r , ut n o ea s o a r oa t e

p a y h c m i f m h i lw y B ll y h i ch d f m
,

eas n tr w o ki o e n ro t e ou t s rt s ra f a as ar as a na n an ro

l y pl c w h I h f mil d iv R d
,

to t h m k e Th ar et s e on a e e re t e re a ou r - e ca r r e ou n s t on e

di i l I i h i h i i ch m i g l y i d h m h Of
. .

e v er h
sa w t e t ra t on a r s m en , n t e r s ar n s t u a te at t e ou t th e
c w y c k b ch d ll h
u ta a oa t s, n ee- re e es a n ta a t s, B ll y h i ch iv
a na d wi h
n fi b ck
r er , a n t a ne a

wa s O gh at d cl u G lw y h y
te r a r os e to a a ; t e g d f h Tw lv P i h C m a
r ou n O t e e e n s, t e on n e ra

ll Ol d m l g i c d d d b g fm i I m i ci
,

w e re a en on s n e ea no ou t ra n e o ou n t a n s ts a n a t t ra t on t o
My x j y k b ch ilv w h i
. .
, ,

ne t i ou r n e t oo me n to th e m e h was t e fi ea e s, two ne s e r- te

h ea rt f C om h v i ll g
on n e f a ra , to t e a e o san d d f xq i i b y My
s tra n s o e u s te ea u t

fi vi g v m
.

rs t ew a e e

ch d li gh h su e t t a t th e
im pr i l f y es s o n e t on m
mi d d f h n i s t o- ay a s re s

h Th d y w as t en e a a s,

d b f v bl
.

no ou t, a a ou ra e

wi h l m i o n e, t a u n ou s

p l c g y ky o a es en t re s

li gh h w ly
,

at t s ou t -
e st e r

b g y re e z e , a n d th e re

bl m i ue ou n ta n s as

b ck g d I a a r ou n n to

y ippl d
.

h li l t e tt e ba r e

Of d a s ea th e t en e r e st

l c g t r a n s u en t re e n

fl wi g v
,

ilv o n o er a s er

whi d d te sa n s tr a n

wi h m i di c
,

t a d d le st a n e

f g y g b o re re en en t,
m ki g p h m y a n u a ar on

f f xc d i g o t on es o e ee n

AN ISLAND FERRY BY W H BAR T LE TT

. . b y eaut .
 Th e Wes t Coa s f o f I r e la n d

Acc m d i i R d
om o a t on i n ou n st on e , n th e F rom W
po t b y th
e st i lw y r t ip t e ra a a r o

wa y O f l dg i g O f o c m f bl ki d
n s a o orta e n ca n Ach ill i w e ll w rt h m ki g H a l fw y
s o a n a

il y Ob i d l d b wi W e st p t d t h d i
.
,

b e ea s i w ta n e b ut t ou e se to b tw
e een or an e s ou n s

gm bf h d J y M ll a y I p a s e d a i gh t t h e d e
, ,

m k a e a rr a n e en ts e ore an ou rn e a ra n n s n er un r

i g by y O f C li fd C m v e y p i m i t iv e c d i t i s b t a go d h t l
. .

“
n wa h en t e on n e a ra r r on on u o o e

c pi l d L f ck h i i g i ce b d I m i c li d
, ,

a ta
”
an e tt e r r a a n ot e r n te r e st n has s n b il t een u an a n ne

I m d yh d t o t h i k t h t s om e i t e t i g bi t m i gh t
, , ,

Sp i R y l H
ot s en v e ere a e m ea n a n er s n s

q f d f d D g t wh th e Ach i ll h ot e l
.

u a rte rs f v l or se e ra sea son s and ou n be ou n u or ere

i l f p i i g I i v y a cc m m o d t i o is f d i t th e th
.
,

a m pl m e a ter a or a n t n t s a er o a n ou n s a n or

i g i i c d a d iv e O f i m il
. ,

in t e re s t n O s tu a t on n th e oa st , th e en d f th e i l
o s an r n ne es

d mi i g f if l f m Ach ill S d T h e w e h ve t
.
,

o n at n i h b
e a t u re s t e ea u t u ro ou n er a n a u re

i O f My w h i ch f m h d bi gg c l b t t o p i t a bl
.

m ou n t a n lr e a , or s th e ea on a er s a e, u no s a n e,

Of f m d K ill y B y C l
th e a e ar a ose to th e p h p
er a Co em a D g o t d th
s, a s nn ar u r an e

by i g d i t i ct w c th e fi l d f g t
. .

se a i sl k a d a i
e, an n ea r an n t e re s t n s r e re on e e o a re a

an d c mm
un dd i i O f w d l d
o on a t on oo an a tt m pte t pl t i g a P o t e s t t om an n a r an c

s c y Th h l R y l i w
en er e ote at en v e s no m uni ty i th e h e a t O f n C a t h li c o e r a o n

Ol d f m il y i d c l t m t b e p t d ow s d i s m l
. .

w ll k w
e no I i n t s th e a re s en e Th e resu us u n a a a

B l k f m il y d h h f il e
.

o f th e a e a d an t e ou se an a ur

d i h i y q i iq F g i gh
, .

o m a n a re ,i n t e r wa u te u n ue rom D u g o rt th e i n te r e s t i n s ts a re

A l g h p i bl c f G lw y ch d b y v i g i c
, .

to et er a a n ta e or n e r o a a rea eh i ca r, t e n ter en n d sta n es

L w h i ch i p d h d b i g g cv d y h
,

een a n e, s a sse on t e ro a to e n b too rea t to e o er e an ot er

W p i b i f ll y i d b
e st or t , s e a ut u s t ua t e ut to o w y aA m g h xc i vi i h
on t e e u rs o n s a s t to t e

h i l c v h l d b i cl d d I i
, .

s ut n pp l to m a p i
ea to e as a a n ter . se a a es s ou e n u e . t s a

TH E T URF BOAT BY W H . . BAR T LE TT

 Th e Wes t Coa s t f
o I r ela n d

si n g u ar l s e n sa t on i
th e e x pl or n i g of on e

Of t h ese cv a es An
ld b
.

a rt st i w ou e i n ter

es t e d in th e c i u r ou s

c
e ff e ts of re flc d e te
li gh ts h w t ro n f m ro

th e w d h
a ter, an t e

s tr i ki g c n on t r a sts

wh i ch i f m h a r se ro t e

lo w gl O f li gh
an e t
e n te r ni g h c v t e a e.

T o xpl e h o re t e

D g lc
on e a h oa st o n e as

a ch i c f h l i
o e o t ree n es

o f railw y Of a tw o th e
h i g f m
,

t re e s ta rt n ro

S b C Ty
t ra a n e, o r on e ,

hi d f m
.

an d h t e t r ro

L d d y A
on on e rr n ew

b ch li c ci g
.

th
ran

e B p li u r to n
ne
BACK FROM TH
on n e
E
o rt
FAIR t
ne
n
BY W H BAR T LE TT . .

v i L
a k y— w i h
e tt er en n t
S b tra h ve b Op d y
an e, w a s to B y d K i ll yb g h m i I j
a e en en e a ea r e on e s, t e t er n u s, ou r

ag o, a n d I hi k by h i im mt b i n
y C i ck d T li w h I
t s t e it u st e n ne ed to a rr an ee n er e

w ki g d I h v v ll d b y h w k d b I d c mm d i
,

or n or er a e tra e e a ll t re e or e ut o n ot re o en t as

d i ff Ic cl i m h v p i g y p ci l c i Th c li ff
.
,

e r e n t r ou t e s , but a n n ot a to a e os se s s n an s e a a tt r a t on e s

y p ci l k wl dg f h w fi f Sli v L g c id d f m c i c
.

an s e a O no e e o t e t o rs t n o e e ea u e, on s ere ro a s en

h b ch i g d h p i O f V i w m g i fic b h y d
.

th e s ou t ern ra n ru n n n rou n t e o nt e a re a n en t, ut t e o

B y f D gl M Ch l pp d c wi h i h c p f h i i cl
, ,

a o on e a ou n t a r es a e a re n ot om e t n t e s o e o t s a rt e

ch m i g p Th m i d D g l li wi h i
, .

a ar n s ot mi e -
on e a n e, t ts ter nus

Gl i g iv
.

at en t es, es on e

i i g bi f h n t ere st n ts o t e

D g l H i gh l d on e a an s

E i gh f m
.

m il t es ro

Gl i i A d en t es s r ara ,

w h i ch m d p see e to re

k ch i g p s en t s et n os

ibi i i h s l t es on t e two
cc i I hv o a s on s a e

p d h gh i a s se t rou t
hi d h
.

Th e t r or n or t

D g l li
,

one a n e, t er
mi i g B nat n at u rt o n

p I k w ll or t , no we
ch I
,

f i i h b or t s t e ran

wh g i g u se en o n to
my b g l w un a o on

R l d I l d u t an s a n

Sh l y f l v i g
.

or t a te r ea n

L k y i et t er en n th e t r a n
c d n ea rs th e oa s t , an

EM ARKIN G FOR
B BY W H BAR T LE TT T y Il d c m
A R A N MO R E . . or s an o es
 Th e West Coa st o f I r ela n d

w aA a TLaTT
APRI L H ARV ES T
av . H .

“
AN

T h e n f ll w F a lc a r ra c h a n d tog d i d
et a oo ea of th e R c o s s es o a st
i n to vi ew .

D u n fa n a g h y b ot h w h
o o

v i s i t i n g a n d sh ort ly
so
h ld fi x p
g
ou u on a ti m wh
e en th e

ch c O f fi w h g
one s
o rt

a ft e r G w ee d or e w i t h g f
.
,
ne ea t er a re r e a test , V l Z
i t s rea t e a t u re t h e s i n an es

gul a r M o un t E rri g a l
,

w h i l e a n o t h e r ru n o f
,

a n h o u r b r i n gs o n e t o

B u rt on p ort Al t h ou gh
I h a ve m a d e t h i s d i s
.

t r i et my p a i n t i n g
g ro u n d for m a n y
ye a rs , it i s n ot e as y
t o sa y p r e c i se l y w h a t
con st i t u t e s its ch i ef

a t t ra ci
t on Th e p o rt
lf i
.

i t se s of n o p ar t i c u
la r i n t e r e s t , b u t i t i s
t h e sea a n d t h e i e l f
c c d w h
o n n e te it th e

i l
s and w h i ch f m
s or

i g
ts ch m
re a t e s t ar

ch i d i f
.

B ut t o re a ts
f p i
e re n t m o n ts eans

b i g d b i g
AR T LETT
oa t n an oa t n

q fi w h OST BO A T
,
“ " av w a B
ea t Ross as P
. .
-
re u i r es ne e r, A
 Th e [ Ves t Coa s t of [ r e /a m t

f ro m th e m i J ddl
i d J ly h e of un e to m -
u ; t en an d h rat g m h Th h wl pl y
er a l ar e ou t e s a a s

Il d A m d
.

vi i s ts O to we y d s an ra n ore an an i p m p i
o rt a n w m t a rt n th e o en s
’
r e s s,

q i f ibl d b h b y h fc d
,

I i
n n sh k e r a
g h a re u te eas e, an d on e an d l en s ot ea ut to t e a e an

i s bl
a li w h
e to w d fl c
re a se at a on er u o a st fi ne li h
nes fig to t T ypi c l m l
e u re he t a a e

O f G lw y i d kh i d m
.

li i i
ne t s p ea sa n t a a s a ar - a re an

F m pi p i O f Vi w C h gh i c m m wi h f l l
.
,
’
ro a a n ter s o n t e th e on n e t ou red s n ot un o on , t a u

m f lk c y ff h p l m f i
ara o a rr O t e a or p ctu r nu b w b d H i O f m d i m h i gh
t- ro n ear e s e u e t
y d i ffi c l i di gl y b i l h l
.

es q b
u e n e s s,m ut an u t es st a n n an d s tron u m t ; e a so h as th e sa e

t h e
y O f
wa g i g h m m d l O
et t nf t e as o e s g y bl y wi h h vy l h w h i ch
re - ue e es t ea as es ,

c l cq i c will g i d d c m m h i g H i cl h
.
,

ou rs e p a ers on a a ua n ta n e o a n ee is a o on er ta e s ot es

l g y I h v Of k w h b c i ll y O f h m p fl
.
,

on wa but a e te n no n t at to e o n s st u s u a l b o e- s un an n e u t th e
S m di ic li gh ch p h ddy dy d c l h i g i I
, ,

l
u se ess om e str ts s e e m ore en t ea s o re a - ma e ot n s, re

d f pi c ph g y b i g i c i gl y l d i f i
.

en e m
i n th e i l a t te r o to r a a rt ; o to ~ re t t o sa e n n re a s n so n a rs

g phy d ill d p p wh i ch c cl i c
.
,

ra an th e u s t ra t e a e r s, I n on ip u s on w a tr to th e e st oa st

hi y w hv d O ff h ill i g Of ch m
,

fi nd t e r wa m ou t e st , a e on e so e e rs , to t ose st n or a n t th e ar s

t hi g i hi p c
n n t s res e t o f I i h r s v l x p i c Th
t ra e a n ew e er e n e e

yp O f G lw y M y c y O f h p pl
.
, .

T he t es m a a a nd a o are o re w ll k
e -
n o wn h
o u rt e s t e eo e to t e

C l i c h h f D g l w h Sc ch
e t t an t at o on e a er e a ot s t ra ng wi h wil de r, t l b y f
th e n a tu r a eaut o

i i f d T ypi c l C m c y m k p c m bi i O f
, ,

s t ra n s ou n he t a on n e a ra th e ou n t r a e u a o n a t on

c ll i g v l h p d c i w ll w h y i g— d d bl y
.
,

“
o e en i h as an n t e rest n o a -
s a e a t t ra t on s e o rt tr n an ou

fc a e,b w n ut d v y -
b d
ro hi n an er a un an t a r. so if i i i t vi is p w
n pl c
th e s to r s
’
o er to a e

e y O f bl g y w ll i
es a ue- h d re e set n th e ea on c v an p p as orc d f hi a er s om e re or s o t s

wi h h v y l h m ki g h y pp f ci i g p f E m l d I l
,

t ea as es, a n t e e es a ear as n at n art o th e e ra s e

d k h hy Of g d W H B A T L TT
.

ar er t an t e a re , ten a oo n os e , . . R E .

“
S TORM BOUND -
I N THE ROSSES BY W . H . BAR T LE T T

1 28
 N EW YORK
D E SCR I B E D A N D P E NNE I I I LLUS T RA T E D B Y J O S E P H . . .

AM i d f E p I h v j
n ot — i i
t re my c y g
o d u ro e a e ust a nd t s ou n t r ; so re a t an so

d f m V i c wh ch w d f l h i i c l l y i will
,

re t u r n e ro en e, e re , sn at on er u t a t, a rt st a t n ot

h ch y f m di c v d f c i
,

i g n f a b
e w o u rs d v
ea da ro a rt e s o e re or en tur e s, an ne er

p l i i c pi co t h gi g s h w k d I b
t u re f hi an n and t e or e out t h as ee n the as on to

c i l c m bl f h I h h
.
,

so a s ra i l E hi y eil l l o t e b n te r n a t o n a x sa unt a te y t at t e re wa s no su

I d i my lf j ph
.
, ,

i i
b t on p v ha i p t me m to i ro e, to se e ct, no ns i ra t i o n , no a rt at os e re n

y w y by f d w i g h h A m i c wh i i f ll v fl wi g
,

an a a ew ra n s, t a t t e re a re er a ; e n t s u o er o n

y bj c g h ly
, , ,

as m an v su l m —f m i i ibl
e ts a s e e r, a ost o r so e r re s s t e -
so re a t t at one ca n on

a re i m p v d w y— h ro h g y d y
e ch h f i g f i —N Y k
a a t a t t e re a s a re tou t e r n e o t ew or

if l hy d h Y k i c mi g f ig f ll
.

as b e a ut u as N t e u se to be, and t a t th e ew or as th e n o n o re n e r, u

Gi gi g ld i l f p j dic d b d i g
,

s un se t s ill S t tu rn s an or o to o st l o re u e a nd ou t, a n th e re t u r n n

S l i p p m i f my y A m i c c m m d i h g i d b k
,

w p ra s th e a u te n a ur le st o s te r er an ra e w t u e- oo and

C i g b ck V c lg cl m i gh
.
,

om n a i i e ro n a , the a ta o ue u t u re . see t or t se e t,

L g di G d B :
,

a o ar a en

S i m pl
,

ga m e th e on

ll c ll d m h
, ,

a a e e ; t en

P i d I ly
ar s an
’i c a rt
;
Dv o er L
and n ow on

L d
.

d on ; an d on on as

I se ei f m my t ro

wi d w f
n o Ch l s ro m e se a

to th e T w wi h ll o er t a

th e r iv f m H m p e r, ro a

s tea d h Plc
to t e a a e

wi h lt a h ill i
l th e s, s

en d l i ff c i
ess n e e t, n

i pi i
ns ra t o nB v ut s a e

L d i d
.

on on t is a ll one

— n ot by m —b by e ut

so m i i
eone, l t s al an

Ol d Ol d g m —i a e t is
l l b ll d i ck d
,

al a e e t ete

gd c lg d
, ,

a r ra n e , a ta o ue .

Y es, y ou i ca n do t

a gi b i h l
a n ut t as a l
d
,

b een y one ; ou ca n

c y a rr on di i t h e t ra t on ,

th i l Y
at s al . ou ca n

n ot i vn ent ne w s ub

j e c ts in E u ro p e. yo u
ca n on ly d o o ld thi g n s

in a n ew and if p os
hi
,

sibl e t s is n ot

alw a y s p oss i bl e a

be tt er wa y
h i
B ut t e re s a ne w
sk ch i g g
et d n ro u n a

ci y
,

n e w t a n e w
c y w ld
,

ou n t r , a new or NEW YORK FRO “ BROOKLYN ANN E FERRY . ! BY jOS E P I—

l PENN E LI .
 w t i hg re e n wi t h r os e ;

h
,

an d o v er t em th e
w vi g fl tt i g
a n u er n

pl m u f t
e m th o s ea e

f N w Y k
,

em bl m e o e or

i gh t fi l m y
.

T o th e r

d li c t d l c lik
, ,

e a e an a e -
e

by d y a th g t a re e re a

b i dg ; b y i gh t
,

r es n a

th t
,

p tta f t
e rn o s ars a

Hi hig v k w
ro s e n e er ne

l d
.

Y ou d an an a re

w ll w d i
,

s a o t et e n s re s

th t aF l c gl i
are o re n e or

fi ed — to e m er g e in
sq h
u a res t at a re m ore
no bl h e t an th ose of

S vill G l d
e e . o e n sta tu e s

WI LLIAMSBU G BRID G E BY J OSEP H PENNELL a re b i m

a ou t you, tr u

ph l ch
R
a k a r es m a e

spl d i d f
en f ra m e s or

i
r se s a vi i s on a m i ra g e of l w
th e o er b ay, m ar v ll
e ou s vi stas ; an i
d it w d s a ll n e ‘
an a ll

th e c l by o ou r
,

d a y m ore s himm i g er n t h an un t ou ch d
e a ll to be d — v f
on e an d sa e or

V i c b y i gh m
,

en e, g n t o re ma
ic l ha L d
t an on on In th e

i g
.

m orn n i th ef m oun ta ns o

b il d i g h i d h m lv
u n s e t e se es, to

re v l h ea lv i t em se y es n th e ros

st e a m c l d h ch ou ch s t at a se e a

ot h c h i h ig h
er a ro ss t e r e ts i n

th e v i g— h y
e en i gh y
n t e a re m t

c lifi gli i g wi h g l d
'

s tter n t o en

s ta r s m gi c
i n th e m a an d ys
ter y f o i gh A th e n t . s th e
ste a m v
m er p y o es u th e b a on

on e id s G G dd e th e rea t o e ss

g re e t s c mp i i
y ou , a o os t on in
clo ou r f wi hand in or m t th e

ci y b y d fi h
,

t e on n er t an an y
y w ld h v xi d
,

in an or t at e er e ste

fi h Cl d v i g
,

n er t an au e e er ma
i n ed T or v d d
u rn er e er re a m e

Why d i d Wh i l
.

n ot st er se e

it ? P il i g h i gh n d u p er an

h i gh i gh b f y i
er r t e o re ou s

th e ci y d wh d t ; an at oe s it
su dd l y i d en f Sre m n
y ou o ? an

G in u
g f nano B if l o th e eau t u

T w o w y H T c y
e rs a a O in us an

ly h
,
'

on er e a re n o t e le v e n ,
b ut
l v i
e e en l v t m esl e e en n ot ow

b i c k pil
,

m ean r bl es , but no e
ME T ROPOLI TAN BUILDIN G FROM BRO DWAY AND UNION S Q UARE
p l c c w d Wi h g l d BY JOSEP H PENNELL
A
a a es ro ne t o ,
th e w k or of a fe w of u s, an d we a re red w h i t e h lk b y i gh t s t g g l d
or u s, n ra n e o en

A m er ic a n s , a ll u n d on e C oo pe r, H a s sa m , my t i th t fl
s er es t p th w t a Th y oa u on e a ers e

b t ll w h o h vWh i v y wh d h w yo ve y
. .

M i la t z an d te a re a ou a a e t ke y
a ou e er er e , a n s o u e r

t u ch e d i t
o Th U b li v bl e C i t y t h e n e e a -“
e thi g Th y
n ll d y d
e ll i gh t
run a a an a n

c i t y t h t h b b il t i c I g w p d if y des v i t h v p ll
.
.

“
a as een u s n e re u an ou er e or a e a u

c i ty b t i f l b il t b y m I k w d y d we k t hem
, ,

th e eau u u en no
y ou m y p a a ss a s an e s on

b il t f p pl I k w Th c i t y t h t d wi t h t h
, ,

u or eo e no e a an pi l t l e o a on e

pi m — t h t I l v th
. .

i ns res e a o e Of t h b t w ill t k y
e o er t oa s, o n e a e ou o

s k t ch i Gv I l d ( p ge f m wh e e t h
.

’
A d n ca n it ? Y F
on e e n es or o e r n or s s an a ro r e

v y b y m i di g h i w o C i t y m e s i t l f w d f ll y t h t
.

e er i on e s so us n n s o n r a ss se so on er u a as

t h t th c w d ve C t i g i d I t i t l , i t ll
,

so m l ff i
e on e e se s a
’
a rs a e ro n e r as a ne sa
“
s no rea
’
s a a

b th y b i e s t pl c e d m w will w k p d fi d i t ll
,

o e rs t i th ou , n o d n e us a s, a n re a e a e u an n a

if th d th d e t i l d B t i t i a l — y e t ll
,

i e re t m t ts no r oo o s an e re a re a ser s an u s re a

h li d y wh e t h wh l pl ce d wn t wn l — d m c i ty y t a t
, .

o a s n e o e a o o u n re a a re a d t l e s on e a n s ee

is d d t h th t m b A d th i th e li t y A t h e g o t B e dd I l a d
,

ea er an e o n ere s e r a no r es o oe s s n

h t t wili gh t t h
. .
,

s or e

g l d e gl w d t h
,

o n o an e

d p t ill i gh t d
,

ee ,
s n , an

y ou a re a ll l a on e

h
.

B u t t ere a re

alw a y s qi t wo u et

sk t e ch i g g nd rou n s in
b i u s e st N Y k ew or
'

f
t h e t op o a sk y s era

p er Ih v d w
an d a e ra n

A lpi
,

th e li ne sk y - ne

o f l N
o we r Y k ew or

f m
ro th e y 4oth s to r

o f M p li
th e e t ro o ta n
B il d i g ( p g
u n a e

a nd c th e a a no n s n d
c v re f l w
a ss e s o th e o er

ci y f
t ro m h th e 28 t
s to r y f Si g
o th e n er

B il d i g d
u n a n th e
i g
,

m i f
sts o m or n n and

th e li gh f i gh ts o n t,
an d the s to r m s of

fa ll ,f ro m h th e 20t

s tor y f Bl o th e e m on t
(on hi p g )
t s a e .

T h he p i ot f er o n ts o

Vi we f a re ro m - th e
ferr yb oa t , th e s te a m
b oat a nd R th e ub

b er -
ck ne B e a t,
”
th e
fi rs t a n d
g t h e la s t b e i n
th e b T es t f y . he er r

b oa ts ru n i in a ll d re c

i
t on s ; hy t e an d th e
o ld f y —h e rr o uses a re

w d f l By y
on er u da S T REE T WI T T IMES BUILDIN G FROM OF
hg 2 NI )

BELMON T BY j
H 2 0 TH
.

4 S l O RY TH E
'

th e b oa ts a re u e PENNELL . oS E P H

1 34
BLACKW E LLS I SLAND BR I D G E F R O M
TH E S TO RY O F TH E B E LM O N T
B Y J O S E P H P E NN E LL
NE W Y O RK F R O M G OVE R N O R S
’

I SLA N D B Y J O S E P H P E NN E LL
.
 wh e re s t a nB h ldi S bd si th e a rt o ta tu e , ea u t an y h i g i h O W l d Th
t n n t be ld or en th e oat

w h d p i c i y h gh h H l m R iv wi h
.

f ul i n i ts m i p eat e re at na -
or e m re s a rr es ou t r ou t e ar e er t

s iv i f y e, i h cl
ou c a n se e Of t, t a n th e o ossu s i ts d l li f i l bl ck b i dg
en ess e, ts ow a r es, ou t

Rh d — G w y o es Nth e W ld a te a to th e ew or i n Sp y D
to t h e C k d u te n uy v e l ree un er th e
A h S I l d d if y H i gh B i dg by H ll O f F m
.

n ot er ru n s to t a te n s an an ou r e, the a a e, a

k b ck j C l d i h i ll p b y F G g
,

s i h
t at t m d l e f
ste an oo a u st or a au e on ts to o rt eor e, a

c d B dw y y w g l f O f bl ck f m d c l wi ch b c k
, ,

se on r oa a a ns a u a i
r ot o b ll
a o o u r, a oo n s , s t a s,

hdwf m h b m Of h lf C yI l d
,

s a o ro t e t op t o t h e otto th e but n ot d a so ma as on e s an an d
S i g B il d i g— h i p c ipi c h b i g y b ck i f y l cky j
,

n er u n an d t e re s no re e, t en r n s ou a ou a re u ust

c w ld A d h g w h i B il d i g b g i
, ,

no
'

w l i
a no n so a fu n th e or n as t e re a t l te u n s e n to ose

h ci y h m lv i i gh
.

t en asm v h
t h e b o a t st e a s e er o n , t e t t e se bl es n th e ue n t
h d i lf i y i m b if l I hv b h d wi g h i
.
, _

s rou s t se n ros a r, o re eaut u ia m e een s x on t s ra n t s

d li c m l v l y h V i c Y k — m Of m y i p
, ,

m or e e a te, ore o e t an en e,
“
N New ew or so e m re s

h Of h S d d O c d d i h ill
,

and m k
t en th e s o e t e ta n ar il i
s on s a re re i or e n t e u st r a t on s

w k f l
or c s b a lls h a ro s s th e ay h b a ck e r t an w h i ch cc m p y h a o an t e s e n ot e s

i gh dl — d i i m c y
.

n bl i
t, an d ot s t ou t I i t s en es s an t s y ou n t r

A h O pli S h B kl y J HP
. .

n ot er b at es to ou t r oo n OS E P E NN E L L

wi h i m O f h ip
, .

'

t ts a ze s

pi g— b
'

n h y u t a ll t e ba
is f ll f h f ll
u o t at, u

o f v y hi g h
e er t n t at

mo v es u p on th e w a te r

an d is a lw a v s m ov
ing, h if i g h i s t n s m
i g g l i di g
,
'

m e r n n

h i g ch g i g
, ,

rus n an n

Of
.
,

A n l d, a st a ll , th e
R bb e ck Bu r- n e oa t

— h i wh t at c ll s at we a

it—i i t w ll s n ot so
- e

k w no h S i gh
n as t e t

se e i g B n I o at n

w y
.

som e g a s, to et

id eas, g bj c to et su e ts,
to g p i O f vi w
et o n ts e

i h b
,
'

it s ft e es t ; or it
ta k y es d ou a ll r ou n

th c i y g iv y
e t es ou

dl gg i
,

en ess su e st on s

of h bi g b il d i g
t e u n s

af i l v
te r t d ea es 23r

S t re e t ,c i y a rr es ou

u n d g
er th e r ea t

b i dg ( v
r esi ne er s o m
m e n se f m as ro th e
w ) by
ater Ol d th e
E a stR iv k i e r roo er es

an d N h R iv
th e or t er

p li d
a sa dp l c es a n a a e s,

a ll h
n ew t e se , y et,
wi h h i pil d p
t t e r e -
u

m a sse s , m di v l a e ae a

w ll d y fi
a e h c1t n er t an TH E
“
c u ms O N TH E EAS T RIVE R BY J OSEP H PENNELL
1 38
 mm m m mi n l
lo v e y th an V e n i ce,
~
s i on s

p a lis a d e s a n d p a la r e s ,
{ a ll h
n e w t e se y et
h h
. .

wi t t ei r pl
i ed - u p

”
m y
. cu r r s O x r m.
T R I N I T Y C H U R C I I S P I R E ( N E ARL Y
300 F E ET H I G H) F R O M T H E R I V E R
B Y J O S E P H P E NN E LL
 T H E A T M O S PH E R E O F M O R O C C O .

E X PLA N A T R Y B Y R B : CU NN I N G HAM E G RA H AM
O . .

I LLUS T RAT E D B Y J H N LA V E R Y R S A O , . . .

0 m i lw y e m th ai c i i fbi g bf
a s se e p
s t at th e s a e r ta n a r o e n se t e o re a ro

ch i f f T
e gi i wh i bl m wh i ch i
n o te o an i pl b
er lv d
s i ts te e s to o s m e to e so e

h d lik Th h i wh i ly h gh h
, .

VY h i
n e ss te o use s , san s e e sun s nes te n ot t ro u a a ze

d li g O f vi l I l y d pp
, .

d
s n o w,b v l an a i
o e a l, a a zz n o et as n ta an a e a rs we a r v
wh i ph d wi h h vi g h
, ,

tem at os Th m i e re e h m p pl
o u n ta n s sta n t a n s one on t e sa e eo e

f c d d Wh h cml wh i g f h p
.
.
,

l
o u t c e a r, a sif cut o ut o ar b oar en ou s e s , a e s a nd te ra s or t e ast

hy hy h dy Th v y h i g i Ol d
.

t e a re h n ea r t v e sea t e a re ne er t ous a n e a rs e re , e er t n s

d p id d w i i hy f f y g i h h i
.
, ,

mi r ro r e u s e o d y n n t, as t e a re , or an et ar oun er n t e se n se t at it s p ro
e x m pl i h l k O f Sc l d
a e, n t e f b bl y
a eslik y g w l d h ot an h or o a m o re e a oun er or t an t at

S wi l d t ze r a n k w f l ki g b c k h wh h v we no o r, oo n a t o se o a e

D i c i h d j dg h v c l i w d y hi g
.
, ,

sta n e s ar to u e t lik
e e ry ear n ar e es ca n see t n s n ot un e th e
Of ph m ki g d i ffi c l h i g h w fi by m i h
,

n e ss m th e at os e re a n it u t t n s t at e re rs t se e n an n t e

to se e , o r, a t l i y h i g b y f i g d by Ti g i i wh i ch h
e as t, t o s e ze o n a n t n a r ar en th e r s n to t e

w h i ch Wh h i f ll p c p Of c I d sp k
,

im to est a te en t e ra n a s a nd ser en t re t o u rs e , o n ot ea Oi

h d m O f wh i i d ch i g k l i d c pi c w i
. .

s ro u s the
p oun ta i h l ns tn a a l] te , t t e ou a tte r n a e os o to n, n

giv f my y i N h w h i ch l y h h i f i g c wd f A b
, ,

es i no a r o s te r as n th e ort al da t e s t n ro o ra s,

y y f h S hi i h iy f B b T k d w ll
.

T he m ste r o t e ou t i s in t I e ra r t o er e rs , t o u r s t s , ur s, e e rs n \ es o

w h i ch J w ll h
.

t h e a i r,
y k p th e e i p i e see s d w
to e n e t ra t e n ot a m a and e s a s o ut an s e at a nd

cl i m c k i gh l v wh il h gh h m g w
,

v i i i
a n ; t s so e a r, t o s th e s t s a e, e t ro u t e ra n es a a te r
I f h gh h i my y ll wi h h i g ki ck b
.

t ou t e re s no s te r
p as we se er t s oa ts n sa ra ss c u and

h N h j dg m y y ki g i kli g b ll d ll l h
, , , , ,
"
e re i n th e o rt u e s te r h se e n to t n n e or a e a who s o u ts t e

li f v il w h i ch f gh h k w p ic f h fG m c l ck
, , ,

t a e or au t t at we no r e O c a rp e ts . o rs e s , o r o er an o s,

c c l b hi d i hi g i T g i h i l ci i h q
, ,

on ea s e n t n ot p p n , n an er t e re n th e er etua au t on n t e s u a re .

A LC AZA A R iw JO H N LAVERY ,
 771 6 A i m osfi /ze m f M or occo
o .

sph I th i
ere e n s r

pe ct d p h p i
.

s an er a s n

th i p ct l
,

s re s th e a on e, e

p i t
a n d th w it er a n e r er

m ee t on c om m on

d J h g r ou n u st a s t e re

gl y f
.

is a or o th e su n

h Of
,

a n ot er th e m oo n ,
d p h p f an er a s on e , or

l I k w f al no o th e

l c i c li gh
,

e e tr t, so a re

h m ph t e re a t o s e r es

w h i ch i h m lv n t e se e s,

i d c i d f
,

n u e an a tt tu e o

mi d N h f n ow , t at o

T gi I i
.

an e r, as se e t,
c i d h as a er t a n s a n e ss .

i pi Of i n s te a ll ts
b i gh i r t n e ss an d ts
cl i y I m y b h i ar t t a e t s

d ( if xi
.

sa n ess it e st s

TH E SPANIS H COAST BY O H N LAVERY d i c i d h an s n ot a rr e t e re

by m J , R S A
. . .

i ) hi wh o see s t
i d c i w n u e s, as t e re

A ll h i i t i gat gh
s n i te r e stb i y v i h
n e n ou b ut p i n a so r et e en n t ose wh o a nt m o st
i g wi b h d li c l y I p k c
, ,

s en s e i m or e n tere st n to r te a ou t tb an e a te s ea of ou r s e , a out th e
ch m f T g mi d w h i ch p f c
.
,

p i
a n T
t he E
ar op l f h
an ier an d th e a st a et te o t e n on e r or e

g l— h i by cl fi
.
,

in en e ra t h h
at p i
s , a s see n on ehi w o as th e a n ter h as to se t s o ou rs rst ,

iv
t o st r c p e i m p ibl
to om d b f
a ss th e vi ibl
os s e d an w d e ore
.

he s et s th e s e an ou t ar

c v y c l wi h p — i i h
on e o ou r t p l
th e w h i ch f
en s ni t flci
e a tm o a e t te , a t e r a ll s th e re e t on of

A MOONLI GHT NI GHT BY J O H N LAVERY R S A ,

. . .

1 46
 Toe A f m osp /ze r c M or occo
his m i n d Pd k hi g ain t li g h t p i a n t ar n ot n

h y q i d iv c
.
, ,

t at an on e ca n do ca n u te or e

h im f m vi
ro w h i ch
th e en r on m en t i n he
liv Ies b i d V l q d ipp d
t h as een sa e as uez e

h i li gh
.

hi b s rus p i v
n t, n ot a n t ; b ut e en so,

b i gh b illi
r t, d ig i cl
r a n t , a n d en ur n as h s o ou r

w as, v c lde en cp c ihe ou n ot es a e a e rta n

f
st e r n n e s s O i N co n cep t on in his a rt or c a n

p i i Af i c c p
.

th e m a n w h o a n ts n r a es a e a cer

i
ta n som hi g v h gh et b n e en t ou h e h as e en

w ll d d m i y N h
,

b o rn i n th e e -
or ere st o rt

hi g h j i
,

som et n w t at o ns h i m, as it ere , in
sy m p hy l g d at A b g
to a on - ra wn -Ou t ra so n ,

AI DA I L H R A LM E BY J O H N LAVERY ,
R S A. .

Y a fli M g h li c y
an d a za an t ere es a ou n t r

ch g d d ch g l h d b h d
,

un an e an an e e ss , ar at e

m y Of m ) i w h i ch
,

i n th e ( su n th e e n e an n

l if h gh A b
,

a ll e, n a t u re , t ou t , th e ra s, an d
th i p ci l im l
e r es ec l w h i ch
a an a th e ame

A ll h g v h m f h i ch i f p
, ,

a a e t e or t e r e os se s

i
s on ,
ck h yb h
th e ro s and t or n us
' ’

e s, a re

ste m an d pi t il e ss .

‘
GH ARA
ZA LAVERY
A ND H A D ES H I A B Y JO H N , R S A. . .

su ng h g l to t h e d u z a , n ot a s in ot er la n s at

ev i g den n iun f ll li gh
er t h e t re e s, b u t n th e u t

Of w ch i g
th e d a y , fl ci at n th e su n
’
s re e t on

on d N
th e sa n hi lf s o on e ca n put m se ou t
id wh
.

s e h is a rt ; at he ca n d o, i s n ot t o se t
hi lf g i
m se will O f
a g hy p
a n st th e th e re a t

g i fl
n oti s i n c h k n k hi uen e t a t se e s to ma e m
l p
s ee h i y y Op 50 t b h ld
at h s e es ma en a n d e o

h w h i ch i will h h h l d
,

t at t s t at e s ou see

S h i g h i i l N h Af i c
.

om et n t e re s, n a l ort r a,

s tern fi c d y c p lli g er e, a n et om e n so co m

p lli g h l m y Sp i h gi l b
, ,

e n t at a ost a n an s r orn

i n th e Pl F b id Obli
a za s u e r te s ,
”
es es t h e

g M i Ni v D l
a to r
y ar a A e es, o ore s , or m
b p i d Af i c
,

p ar o , i s a t ze r a

B h i d T g i b h i d ch d li g
.

e n an e r, e n ea a zz n

wh i c te w L ch A il R b
oa s t t o n , ara e, rz a , a at, FA T I MA F A RGH E BY JO H N LAVERY ,
K S A
. . .

1 48
 Th e A t mosp h er e of M or occo
I n th e bl c k goa t
a li f p e s
’
h ai r ten ts e a ss s

h i dd s h t p ppr s d A ll d y t h e
en u u su es e a

p h is h h er d i g h i
.
, ,

m n is a t ou u on or s e , n s

c a tt l e wo m s i t i t h t en t pi i gen n e s nn n or

w e a vi n g d t v e i g w a lk t t h w e ll
, ,

an a e n n o e

th j h g i li g
, ,

an e ar en n e p rt
ar un n a s a o s n

b e h i d t h e i b a ck s a bl v il
n r t heir ue e on

h e a d d wi t h th e c o e r O f t h i bl e
,

s, a n rn a n u

v e il c gh t f t b t w t h e i r t et h C t t l e
au as e ee n e a

d p t i tl y bo t w i t i g f w t
.

st an a en a u a n or a e r,

an d ll g a o i S i l e c e for t h e fi e c
oe s n n n r e su n

m k e s p e ch l m os t s p e c i s a d op
,

a s e a a r ous a r

Of w te a d ot t
r, a n b e po e d o t i v i
n o ur u n a n

T h i s Af i c fi c bl ody s t
.

r a, er f e to
e, o ern , a o

pl t i c a t for h e wh o p i t s
,

a ll t h e as r s, a n a

pi c t e m s t b e p e p d ( i f A ll h c ll
ur u r a re a a s

o n h i m ) to b e t he a so l i to i t m r a t u n us

i fl n ce ll t h e wh o com e wi th i th t
,

n ue a os n a

s p e ll
I thi k I i of s d e
.

n s ee i a ll t h e
an a r a n ss n

pi ct f w h i ch I t h i k t h t I m w i t i n g
u re s , o n a a r

of t h e i fl e ce f t h e l d w i l d li fe
,

b orn n u n o o

w h i ch t ill g on l y t h e g ll o p o f a
, ,

s oe s on a

h se o t i d T gi e
,

or u s e an r.

M t th os p i t th e
n or e rn sth t oo a n s ou

b i gh t l y b t i t h v a i o s s c e f F e
r u n e r u en s O z,

gi e d th e c m ps po th d
,

of T an r, a n

S T REE T I N AR I LA BY JO H N LAVERY S
a u n e r oa

I t h i k I s ee t h i s s d e s w h i ch p h p s
,

n a n s Z R A
er a . . .
.
,

a ft c eatio ly O f m y b i
, ,

era ll i th s e r n on ra n

Oh w h t will s y v i si o i s f c l a e t h a n m y o w
, .

i go a go y
a a r n q n d p o
ou a n ar e r r n an r

th a t i s i f a y h l d ch c e t o d t h i b a bl y i f b t t h e t ru t h we e k o w a s
, , , ,

n on e s ou an rea s u r n n

p t h pi ct e of m a w h s e m i gh t fa ll o t o t h a t n l u ck y d y o
, ,

n o te u on e ur s a n o u n u a n

w h i ch t h s e c t s of e re

a ll h ea r t s Op e d a re ne

g e e s wi t h t h i g
,

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I h ve w i tt e d a r n an

p erh a p s t hi k h e
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n s

i s co ce ed wi th n rn

o t h i g b t t h e t e ch n n u

ni q f hi ue o s a rt .

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ea n o t s r e

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m y a d f sta n or any

t hi g i m y w h
n t a be ort

f f
,

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i I
t k h pi c ta e t e t u res
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ou t t ou t
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R B C I HA
.

U N N NG ME
H OUSE G JO H N LAVERY
. .

“
ON TH E -
TO P — MORNIN BY , R S A
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C A U D E B E C E N C A U! .
 Ca u d e bec en Ca u x

y ou f l p id f yee re bl A
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f li g i c w k d d l vi g
.
.

ee n s at on e a a en e an ea n

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h i i c d —y
fi

to th e en t u s a st m st u en t ou a re or e

t h an i fi d wi h
sa t s w l h f bj c
e t th e ea t o su e ts
l y w lk h gh pl c
.

A s l i
y ou e su r e a t r ou th e a e th e
o ld - w l d ch c or di v l ci
ara t er a n d me ae a a sso a

t i on s fi ll m i d il f th e h im n u nt a t er a s or t t e

ly xi l d w i
,

y ou a r e o n t oo an ou s t o s ett e o n n

so m q i e p u et s b gi w k ot a n d to e n or

l m i vi d i
.

I i t s a ost p n ou s to a tte m t to m en

t i on v he ch i f f
en t B
e i h e e a t u re s ut n t e

B ch i h i h fi
.

rue d e la ou er e t ere s t e n e s t on e

h ou se f K i gh T m pl — li c f
o th e n ts e ar a re o

ear l i w k— i v y g d p
er or v i
h er oo r ese r a t on

wi h i g p j c i g g g yl
,

t ts rea t i
ro e t n ar o es an d ts

ar ch d wi d w fi ll d wi h b l d c y
e n o s e t o t ra er ;
t h imp i g i b
e os n h wi h d p v
t m er ou se s t ee o er

h gi g v
an n ea i h id f e s on e t w er s e o th e n a r ro

s t re e t w ll as l g e m fl wi g
a s a on t h e s tr e a o n

t h gh rou Si A di
to th e e ne n n th e r u e d e
l Co d l m y ld d pi c
.

a r i on n e r e a re a so an o an

t u re sq h ue Sm f hou s e s o e o t e se a re s e en

d wi g b y M W H Ch l
.

i n th e ra n s r . . ar t on
A PROCESSION BY FLORENCE LEWIS

w ll e suite df h Th
or e ith p er en c il or b r us e

d c d d gl i ch
.

ab un an f e an r n ess o th e ol a ss a r e

e xc p i ll y
e t on a d wi h h n o t bl e a an t t e Su r
di g p y ch m i g p i
, ,

r ou n n m s. re se n t an ar n oss

bi i i l tAl g h b h i i d d
es. to et er, ot ns e an ou t

s id ch ch h
e, th e l urci a s u n u su a a t tr a t on s

i gi
.

Th e f h s tr e et s l w ( d o t e or na to n an

t h i v y li l m d b il d i g)
er e s er tt e o ern u n a re

f ll f bj c w h v
u o su e ts I er e er on e tu rn s n

h w y w h h pl c i w i g
.

s o er eat er t e a e s n ot an t n

i nf i dly h l wh
r en m y w k
s e t er, e r e on e a or on

i n c mf O m k d y
o o rt li l n ar et a s th e tt e
q i fi ll d wi h c v d b h d ll
.

'

s u a re s e t o er e o ot s an a

m f i
an n er t i g f lk
o W wi h
n t er e s n o om en t
h i w—wh i c p m i bl bl
.

t e r sn o te a s, en n ue ou se s,

an d l p ph
a ll th e li f
u su a k a ra e rn a a o th e m a r et

i n c y w i h
a ou n tr Y m to h n s t er e ou eet t e

Pi S i f M cy h p c i
.

r e st , th e st e r o er t e ro e ss on s

f f f i v l w i h cl gy d
,

o l u n er a or e st a t er an

ch i c
,

o r st e r s , b d b ross ea rer s an an n ers,

ma ki g c f ll f p h f m w h
n u p s en e s u o at os ro at

e v p i f vi w h y m y c i d d
er o n t o e t e a be on s ere

pp ch f m i ( h
.

T he a ro a ro th e st a t on a s or t

di c f h h
st a n e f h
ro m w )i t e e ar t o t e to n s at

fi i gh y h i g b p m i i g i i
rst s t an t n ut ro s n ; t s

on l y wh y w y f m hi m d
en ou t u rn a a ro t s o ern RUE DE LA CORDONNERIE CAUDEBEC N CAU
w h
,
-
E -
!
p art p an d
i e n e tra t e nto t h e o ld t o n t at BY FLORENCE LEWIS
1 56
TH E MARK E T PLAC E CAUD E B E C
-
,

E N CAU X
- . BY W H C HARLT ON
. .
TH E S E I N E N E A R CAUD E B E C E N
-

CAU X B Y W H C H ARLT ON
. . .
1

N E AR CAUD E B E C E N CAU X
- -

BY W H C H ARLT ON
. .
 Ca u d ebec en Ca u x

“
TH E T ILED H OUSE CAUDEBEC N CAU PLACE D ARMES CAUDEBEC
’
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RU TH COBB RU I H COBB
,
-
B -
! ,
-
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BY BY

an M i F l c L wi p d c d d
d ss o r en g iv ch i m p i
e e f w
s, re ro u e an n e ar, e su an res s o n as e

h er e pl c ff a es ca n o er

Th c y d v y i d b d C d b c C x i il y pp ch d
. .

e ou n t r r o un on e er s e a ou n s au e e -
eu - au s eas a ro a e

i nbj c o f i e d p i
ts o f vi w b y y O f N w h v D i pp
n t e r es t an d R o n ts o e wa e a en , e e an ouen ,

d li gh f l p p c f h w f m i i b h l fw y b w h l
.

Th e e t u ros e t o t w e to n ro t s a ou t a a et een t e a tte r to n

th eh i gh g d y l v h pl cer rou n H v as Th p i ci p l h l
ou ea e t e a e, and a re . e two r n a ot e s a re

t h wi d i g iv — b y h i gh w y b w
e n n r er q y f ci g h i v i c v i
a us a et een on th e ua a n t e r er , n a on en en t

H v a d P i — h w ll w
re a n d dc y p ii
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e e i -
ch c oo e oun tr os t on , a n t e ar es n ea a se are

to g h w i h wh l
et er di g f m d
t th e o e J W ILLIA
s u rrou n n s, ar
,

o e r a te . AS . MS .

1 62
A V I GNO N A N D I T S N E l G H BO U R HO O D .

D E SCR I B E D AND I LLUS T RAT E D BY H H U G H E S S T ANTON .

- .

M O N G h m y b i f l pl c t I ie j h an A vi g e aut h h u a es t s ust e re at n on t at t e

I h v v i i d i F c Rh a e i sc d by l g l g
te n ra n e, one is n t e rs e te a ar e on

Avi g d i d i g i l d i ch l y w d d wi h p pl
non an ts d
s u r ro u n n s an r oo e t o a rs an

i gh b h d i I hi k h wh
,

ne f v i
ou r oo s, h p it m y n on e o a r o us ot er t re e s e re t e a n te r a

d pi c q I i fi d m y b i f l cl bj c C
, .

th m e p i bl ost a nta e an t u re s ue t s n an ea ut u ose su e ts o ro t ,

i P v c h c pi l O f dp y m d F ch
. .

n ro d i
en e an H p ig i
s t e d a m ta the e a rt ar n es an an o e rn re n

m f V
ent o cl I i au i d h
u se p i h v f d hi i l d m i l
t s s t ua te on t e a n t e rs a e oun on t s s an a te r a

l f b k f h Rh f m wh i ch i w ll k w w k O h i gh h d
.

e t an o t e f on e, ro r ses a or e -
no n or s n t e r t an

ck y m i c m d b y g id y l k c
.

ro e nen e sur ou n te p i f a re a t s e ou ca n oo a ro s s one o rt o n o

p i l f m g i fic
e o b il d i g — h f m
a n h
en t iv u ci n d pi c
s q t e or er t e r e r o n to t h e an ent an t u re s ue

P l c f h P p h C h d l d w O f V i ll v d h l f
a a e o t e o e s, t e at e ra an to n eneu e, an on t e e t on to
h i gh i ll h P m d d R ch d h c m m d i g iv c i y f
,

er st t e ro e na imp e u o er es t e o an n and re s s e t o

D m wh i ch m i b p ly h Avig
,

o s ter n a t es a ru t t re e non

h d d f b v h Rh I i f m Th i g d m i l f ch i c l
.

un re e et a o e t e on e t s ro e re s oo a te r a or ar te t u ra
hi p h w d f l p m f h bj c i A vi g ci
.

t s s ot t at a on er u i a n o ra h a o t e su e ts n non, ts an en t i 4t
Rh V ll y b b i d M
on e a e c y w ll b i g l m i c d
ca n e o ta n e ou nt e n tu r a s e n a os t n ta t, an

V x d m j ic f y f h m ch i c l d w
.

e n to u s ta n s h ma a est e a t u re d on t e an o t e a o a te to e rs an

sk y li - dn e, vi w i l
an b i d f b l m
a e i ll m i
s a so l h I o ta n e o att e e n ts st re a n a so t e
’
ont

h C v A lpi d b i dg wi h i
,

d A ig ld i
'

t e e d h
e n n es an t eh n es . v no n , t e o ru n e r e t ts

VIEW OF TH E R H ONE FROM AVI G NON m '

H . H UG H 5 5 -su m
165
 A v i g n on and i ts N ezgk bozt r /zood

w e ll c l t iv a t e d d
is u an
“

f t i l e wi t h i p a t er n r s,

th e g d b ke d
, ,

r ou n ro n an

q i e d a d f om th u a rr n r e

ci t F t S t An d é
,

an en or r

b e t i f l vi w s
.

auf u e O

Avig o d th n n a n e

w h ol e ll e y a b e v a c n

Obt a i e d n

L ooki g o t h over
.

n s u

Prove n c o e e s th e e ne s

A lpi e s a d t h e o ce n n n

p o we f l a d g e t r u n r a

t w s h ip o f L es B u x o n a

w h i ch i s i t t d
,

s ua e on

pi c l e of t h e
a nna es

mo ta i s t owa d s un n r

A l e Th co n t y r s e u r

l o g t h i s v ll e y i s
.

a n a

AVI G NON FROM TH E ISLAND BY H H U G H ES STAN TON t h i c kl y w oo d e d a n d

v e y i ch d d e e p i n
-
. ,

r r an

c l i g th e l d o ou r n an

ch p l S N i ch l Ag i f bj c b i g fe t i l e a n d w ll w t d b y m o
,

a e to t o as a n or su e t e n r e a e re un

d fig w k h b d h fi Ol d d i l t s f om t h e g e t
. .
,

an u re or t ere a ou n t e ne tai o s n ut ea m s s r an n e r r a

h ou s e s , t h e k c i mar w d et s en es n th e to n an r iv e r I t b d i s bj e c t s ; t h e e a e
a ou n s n u r r

vill g d d h pi c q p m e ou s v i ll a g s wi t h t h e i d c a st l s
. .

a e s r ou n an t e t u res ue ea sa n t s nu r e i r ru n e e

hi q i i ch ch es a lw ys o so m e o cky s p r
,

i n t e r u a nt a t t re. o r ur a n r u

C i g h Rh b y i h f h w t o g iv e a fi ch cte a d om a ce t o
, ,

ro s s n t e on e e t er o t e t o n er a ra r n r n

b i dg y c m
r es ou o e to
V ill v h Ol d
en eu e, t e

to w w h i ch f m ch
n or s su

a p mi ro f n en tOf ea tu re

t h e l d c p i an s a e n th e
vi w f
e s o Rh th e on e

f m Avi g
ro I i n on t s

cl i c d i m
.

a m os t a ss an

p i g w
os n todi g n st a n n

on fi b k gne ro d en ro u n

an d ck wi h i T
ro t ts ou r

f Ph illip
,

o B l i e le e ts

g dF S A dé
,

ra n ort t . n r ,

an d i i ts f ru n s o th e
Ch d
a r t re u s eV l u a de
B d ic i ( h
en e t on i 4t ce n

tu r y) m g wh i ch a on st

if l f
,

a re b ea u t i u o u n t a n s,

c y d d C i
ou rt ar s an lo s

t e rs; T p he e a sa n t s

m k a hi hm i
e t e r o es n

so m f h
e o i t ese ru n s,

us ni g h otl e rs a so as

s ta bl esd b an a rn s

T h i i d O f h Rh NEAR AVI G NON

.

s s e t e on e BY H H U G H ES STAN TON
.
-

| 66
 ’
’
A v ig n on and i t s N ezg noon r /zooo

th e ldcp f
an s a e e a t u re s

o f h t c e s en e

R m y i pi c
.

S t e s

by f
.

t ure s q u e, b ut ar

t h e m id l p ost ea s ot

f or h p i
t e a n te r or

d gh m i L
ra u ts an s es

B x Hau hv e re we a e

g i pl c
.

an a lm ost tra c a e,

t h e w i d p c f e r as e t o a

Va ll y f c k c v e
e o ro a s

p il d h i gh
e h o n e on t e

ot h d f m ten ost
H
o
G
er an

p c
e u li i f m
ar m y n AVI or NON an “ BY . H U G H E S S TA NTON ~

d i g lik g
,

st a n n e re a t

i
s en t n e s l C m m d i g h i v ll y i o an n t s a e s a w h i ch s t re t ch es a w a y to th e s ea Th e ru n s i
ck h w ci y w i h b i d b y l M M j d cl i c c i y f A
. .

ro -
e n t no n a te ess of on t - a or a n th e a ss t o r l es
h h d d p pl b i i d y w h i ch f m h f m fi
,

t an a un re eo e, ut n ts a a on e ca n see ro er e , or ne

g rea t d m an p w f l C i d l w h i ch ost o er u ta e f e a tu res o n g pl i h gh wh i ch

th e rea t a n t ro u

fi ll y d y d b y L i XIII I h Rh b ki g i l f p i
,

was na e s t ro e ou s t t e w on e n o ru n s , r ea n tse u n to

h gh b y F ch w i h y m wi d i g i
.

h as b e en t ou t ren r te rs t at m an ar s, n il i n n and ou t un t t
t h i v ll y gg d D
s a e su ch i e ste to a n te th e a r fi ll y c i l f i h
na a st s tse Sm n to t e se a o e

c fh If i gh b w y h m il w y M i ll
.

t e tu re o d w ll i
t e n e rn o , a n e t m t e t en t -
t ree es a a we see a rs e e s,

so I i hi h g c l
t wa s n f m t s u e a st e, cu t ro t h g c i y l ki g
at re a t t hi g i moo n as n ot n n co

l ck f h m h wi h im m i y Of c
.

t h e n a tu r a i ro o t e ou n ta n s, t at p i a r so n t th e en s t th e s e n e
fm C f L v h ld i w y h i c i y O f ck L B x
.

t h e a ou s ou r t o o e e ts s a I n t s t ro s, es au on e ca n

C w l d Of m y w f l l m c d
, , .

f or i ts ou n t s ere or s an to n s, ee rea ro an i e an see n ature n h er

on e f hm big
o t e i m Ti l ‘
e n at on e t e tu ar su bl i m d m e i mp
an iv m d T
os t re ss e oo o

Of C i pl Th f l y m vi g
.

Emp e ro r on st a n t n o e e o rt r e s s , t h p e d h p i
oe t a n i i t e a n ter t s t ru o n ;
ch ch f hi h h g y li l h l
.

ur d m
es i i an i a n s on s n ru n s o t s b ut t ose w o o to sta at th e tt e ot e

m di v l
e ae w h ip ff fi
a to bj c ns o er ne su e ts to m b
u st dy p p w i h v y i m
e re a to ut u t er s

w b i g pl f c if h y
,

t h e p i a nd h t er, a n i i t e to n e n as t s e a re , on te n t b Ob i t e can ut ta n th e
s i tu at e d h c f h
on m t i e re st o t e ou n t a n s , i n pi i
te n se d g
s rd f hi
t an ly ra n eu r o t s tr u
c m m d fi vi w d v l k
o an s ne e s an o e r oo s th e re m k bl ar d b
a i f l pl c
e an ea ut u a e

g pl i d wh i k w L d H S TA T
. .

re at a n s an at s no n as e esert H H . UG ES- N ON .

LE S BAU ! BY H H U G H ES STAN TON

.
-

x70
 ’
A z
v zg n o n and i ts N ezgnoon r nooa

AVI G NON FROM VILLENEUVE BY H H U G H ES STAN T ON

.
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TOUR P H ILLIPE BEL FROM ISLAND AVI G NON

, , BY H H U G H ES S TAN TON
.
-
 BO R M E S - L E S - M l M O S A S — A W I NTER
S K ET C H I N G G ROUND .

D E SCR I B E D A N D I LLUS T RA T E D BY WALT E R DO N N E .

HE h f F c gg w i s o ut o p
— h p p i
ra n e su f h h l (p h p
es ts n te r s o ts t e ro r e to r o t e o te er a s

hi d w m h c
sun s di i
ne an ll y) c l i m h i i m y d g
ar t on t on s n a t u ra a s t at t s an e r ees

w h i ch B m h h pl c
,

imp y im
a re w m o rt a n t at
y an t e ar er a t or es t an at an ot er a e

w h ch i g k ch i g g en d
o os n h c a s O et d ly n ch rou n on t e o as t . ne n ee n ot re on su

ic l ly wh wi h
,

an d p a rt u ar w k Cl i m
so e n on e bl f m p s es i to or a s or on ta es o te e ra t u res , e t c t
f d d i g h wi h i ffi c i l f h pp c
.
,

ou t -O - oo r s m ur n t e f nt er on t s. s su e n t t o se e o r on e se t e a ea r a n e

B m l Mim i f h
or es - e s - d h
os a s f mm s ior m i d wit wh h
e se a n ot er o su er n - n t e r, en t e ros es ,

i d l wi
re a son s a n pl c f h p i ea vi l
n te r d a g bl
e or m i
t bl m e a n t e r. o e ts , a n o ra n e- os so a re n oo ;
Th f c h
e a mi m t t b d i at ffi c i c c i d p lm d v i y f x ic
os a a ou n s s su en t a t a te a s, an a ar et o e ot

gg h l i d b h flw c y
,

to su est a sout e rn b a t tu i h p e, ut t e o e rs a r e to e see n n t e o en ou n tr

pi c l l x i c q i
t ro a u p ur an e d i g D c mb j y d F b y
u te sur a s se s on e s
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ur n e e e r, a n ua r an e ru a r

i m gi Si d id
.

a i n a t on h li l t u a teTh w b il
on t h
e f h
t t o ra 12 e to n, u t on t e s e o t e

f H ye f M g d M
.
,

mil es e a st b 8
o re s , a ou t h p lik 00 eet on ta n es es a u re s , as a ste - e

a b v h
o e t pp ch d b y w i d i g pp
e se a , a roa c wi h i m
e f g ya d n n a e a ra n e, t ts as s e s o re -
re

ro ad h w b t e di i c c f i l d f h
to n e a rs g h w i h gl i m p
st n t t ra es o t e roo s ; t ese , to et er t a se

M i h cc p i w d C h ch id d f
,

o or s I o i u a t on f t h s re n o f
ne as O a ur or t e s es an r o n ts o

hl d h ( i dic i g
.

on e f h o w m t d m e ar est an ost ps e t e re ouse s n a t n a s t ree t or an o en

BO RN E S -
LES -
Nl MOSAS BY w a rr e n p os s e

l 75
 M zfn os o s
B or m es los —
'

Th e er a re se v e ra l
p i m i t iv e
r ch ch ur es of

th e t i th an d 1 2th

c i h e n tu r e s , a n d t e re

m i f l g c l a ns o a ar e a st e

( Ch d S ig at e a u es e

m F ) d i g eu rs du oz at n

f m h c y
,

ro th e 1 2t en tu r
d mi
,

w o n ate th e to n

cl i d b y
.

I i t s a me
m ypi d I an a n t e rs , a n

h i k wi h h t n t r ea son t at

hi p
,

i f h n t s a rt o t e

R ivi d era an on to
w d M ill ar s a rs e es th e
y f su n s
’
ra s a re o ex

di y b illi c t ra or nar r an e,

d h w d t at th e
BY WALT ER DONNE
an on er
NEAR TH E OLD SAL T MARS H ES f ll y l m i fl u u n ou s r e e ct

d li gh k w e t s a re un no n

pl c ) d h
a e d h
an p ch vi
e re a n i y h p fF c t e re at es o r n e, n an ot er a rt o ran e, an d a re n ot

v y i i g dy O v y ly cd v i S h
,

m k a e a er n t e re s t p n s tu n e er n ea r so r o n ou n e e en n ou t e rn

h d p i c ip l I l y O xp c g b illi c
.

an ig
on e f see s s ns o th e r n a ta ne e e ts rea t r an e of

i d y h m fc f c k Ab v li gh i h ch l i d
.

n u st r t e an u a mm i
tu r e o or s o e su n t n t e su er n su a at tu e,

w m pl y m i f d b y i pp i g b fl c d li gh i h
.
,

t h e to n e o enm k bl
t s ou n st r n ut th e re ar a e re e te ts n t e

t h b k f c k
e ar ( C/ éo l g ) or wi ly
t re e s i hi g z n es
’
ze es an n ter a re t ru a s t on s n

v g f m w h i ch h b k i bj c m h i gh
, .

e er kre e n oa F ro t e ar s or su e t a tte r t ere s e n ou

v y w lv hi y ly f
, ,

ta k en e er t pp e l
e — or p f ht rt e e n ea rs , a a re n t or al t a st es th e to s o t e

l vi g b i gh m wi h h i f i g f
,

ea n k f h th e t ru n i s o t e w h tree s a r t ou n t a n s , t t e r r n e o sn o t e

Thi i c i i gh p d c i g l w h i gh i ch l y c v d w i h f
,

re d s s a u r ou s s t, ro u n a o er e ts, r o e re t or e s t s ,

i h m ch m f c l i g d l w g i h d p h d
.

n ot i
n ar o n ou s s e e o o ou r n an o er a a n, t ou s a n s u on t o u sa n s

h b i gh d g d
, ,

t e r t re ra u

a ll y d i pp i g d sa ea r n an

b c mi g g y
e o n re as th e
b k f m
ar r e - or s

Th h
.

e yp iou s e s a re t
ca l f h o h f t e s ou t o

F c I l y b il
ra n e or ta u t
f q ly ch
,

re u en t on ar e s,

c c d b y ch
on n e te ar es

to t h h e h ou s e s on t e

o pp i id f h
os te s e o t e

st r e e t, f mi g i or n at n

t e rv a l l h
s tu n n e s ; t e se ,

wi h t m y xm
so an e a

pl es f fi w gh
o ne rou t
iron w k d i i c ly or st n t
hw M ih ifl
,

s o oo r s n u

en c Th h e e ou s e s a r e

ll O f d i y w i h
.

ta ten rt t

ly fl f pi c
, ,

n ear at r o o s,

tu re s q g h
ue r een s ut

t er s d v an dh BRIN G IN G H OM E
era n COAT S
a s . BY WAL T ER DONNE “
TH E

1 76
 B or m es los—
M zm oso s
’

a t ot a ll yd i ff e re n t cl a ss

of s u bj c t pe re se n ts it
se lf Th e l a n d , w h i c h
d f ly c
.

wa s or m e r o ve re

by h i m t e sea s os t

dd d
,

f il d i ert e, a n s stu e

wi h g p vi h t ra e- n es, t e

w d h ill to n an th e s

f m i g fi b ck or n a ne a

g d H l r ou n er e, a s o,

pi d fl wi g
.

a re ra o n

w c bi g a ter - ou rse s , r n

i g d w h i c ld n o n t e ce - o

w f m h m a ter ro t e ou n

i I dd i i ta ns n a t on to
c k h
.

th e or t re es t e re

l iv wi h a re th e o es , t
“
GOSSIP CORNER
TH E BY WAL T ER DONNE h i b if l g y t e r e au t u re

g f li g d reen o a e, an

g p f c lyp r ou s o eu a tu s
of g K pi g g
oa ts pp b ee il y d i i g i h d b y h
n oa t s g a e a rs to e t ree s , ea s st n u s e t e s t ron

ly v y c b y h h vy d k p h p d
.

n ear b i e d erh m
’
an s u s n e s s, an t e s en t, t e ea ar s e a r -s a e

d ly d v y p l
, ,

p i a n ter n ee i fi d l v on be k h b k u p at su n r se to n ea es an er a e t ru n s, t e ar or

a w l h f bj c ea t h g wi h w h i ch i c i ll y p li g ff T h
o su e t s, as t e o a t s, t s on t nua ee n o er e

h i pi c q h d m m g f d h Of f g d m i l b
.

t e r tu re s i ue er s en, e er e ro m s no e a rt ore r ou n a te r a ut

c i m ll d w y i h w di g h l g c c i d b b y fig
,

u r ou s s a o or a s n t e town , en n t e ar e a t an th e ar ar s, or

th i y f i Si g l fi l h gh
e r wa o ten ll p p f qn l y pp n eOf e, t r ou th e s em e es an
’
o e, re u en t a ea r out

Sp d dy cl
,

w
n a rr o p p st re et s u an d u to en th e a s s a e

h h ill i g g i dw w d c y di g
.

on t d e s, a n O h
r e tu r n n a a n at su n o n ne or as to t e ou n t r s u r r ou n n

Ab f b v h w i C h p l B m w h i ch i cl d L L d i h i
.

ou t 6 00 e et a o e t e to n s a a e or e s, n u es a on e, w t n

h h mi g f No
,

t e er ta e o t re
Dm a C e c de on st a n e,

f m wh i ch h i
ro t ere s a

m g i fica vi w n en t e ; to
th e e a s t a re s een th e
m i
ou n h M dita n s, t e e

C ic d
t e rr a n ea n , or s a an

I lyta w L ; t o th e e st , es

I l es d Or ,
’
To l u on , an d,
on a Cl ear d ay , a

g li m p f M ill se o a rse es

p h h i ch p l
.

T he at to t s a e

i bys lm i an a os t n ter

mi bl
na mb f e nu er o

s te p wi h cc i l
s, t o a s on a

d h i
st on e s ea t s a n s r n es

d dic d h V i
e a te to t e r

gi n O. Sh l d ne ou n ot

om i m t i to e n t on th e
m y w c d
an s e et - s en te
h b b f d
er s to e ou n on

th h i gh l v l
e er e e s

UAIN T DOORWAY BY W AL T ER DONNE

.

I n t h e p l a i n i b e lo w A Q
1 78
 B or m es les
- -
M i m osa s

LOOKIN G NORTH FROM UO RM IJS -LES -

'
MI MOSAS BY WALT ER DONNE

G ASSIN —WI TH DISTAN T VIEW ALPES MARI T IM ES W ALT E R DO NNE

1 8!
 B or n zes les —
M zm osa s
'

six m il e w h s, i of r o
e re la r g q e u a n t i t es ses, th e c fres idG i m l d i f m il y
en e o th e r a a

v i o l e t d ff d il a d c i s i re g ow A ll h p l c il y ch d b y
.

s, a o s, n n ar s a r n t e se a es a re eas rea e a

f r th e Lo d
o m k e t ; S li n s d H y e
n on ar a
’
re s n a rro w g g ilw y Ski i g h c
- au e ra a rt n t e oa s t ,

w h e e s a l t i Ob t i d b y t h e v a p o
r s a ne e ra i g f m H ye
ru n n n Sro R p h l— re s to t a ae a

w t ; B m e t t e w i th i t s l d c y ld m by
.

t i on f o sea a er or s, ea p art f o th e ou n t r se o seen tra

mi nes ; a d L e L v a d u ( o c ll d f o m
n a n o s a e r v e lle r s M M to C l d e n t o n e, on te ar o an

th e e mo s a e
n or o f wil d l v e d e
u rfo d as a n r un I lyta
th m ll fi h i g vill g e i m m d i t e l y W h il i i gh b h d h ld
.

er e) a s a s n a e a e n th e ne ou r oo on e s ou

b l o w B o m w h e i dd i t i t o t h vi i L I l d o wi h i h
,

mi
’
e r es, er n a on e n ot o t to s t es s es r, t n a s or t

s a l s bj e c t s a t t h dg t h e y Th i l d ly
,

u u u w te e a r s
’
e e, re sea j ou r n e p ese s an s a re s a r se

o ck ch a g i g p p l d ff d bj c f wil d l d
.

ar e r d e d th
r e ve s, an e r n n o u ate b ut a or su e ts or an

c l o r f t h e M e d i t er a e f m t h e c p d gg d c ff c
,

o u o r n an ro s a es an I ru e oa s t e e ts n th e
p l c t g y l ki g t ow a r d s t h e s i i m ch c l d il d h
.
,

o a es en re s oo n un wi n ter t s u o er on th e s an s t an

t h e d e p bl u e t qu o i f t h e s e d wh i l i h m m r
,

to e ur se o a on h m i l
t e a n an e n t e su e

wh n th e u i b eh i d t h e s pe ct at r L h i f h c i g pl ly
,

e s n s n o e t ere s a re s n ess on t r a s t n e a sa n t
D t t i f m o f i t fi e d a te p l m i wi h h l m ifli g h
.

a er, a us or s n a s, s t t e a d os t st n ea t at an n ear

wi t h i f w m il e
n a d a li t t l e fu t h e o
e s, a n r r n B m or es.

G s i M o i sh vill a g c i w h i ch
,

a s n, a oth e t p
r f e on o o a T m p h p i
o su f u t e o n ts o a tt r a t on

p m o t y g iv e s fi e V i e w o v e r t h e b y
ro n or a n a B l Mim
or m e s - e s- ff h h os a s o ers , t er e are t e

t o F ej d S t R ph a e l w m c li m c m pl S h l f m
,

of S t T o p e r z r us an a fi n e, ar a t e, o et e e t er ro

N e G i e t o b e fo n d t w o t h e ll y
. . .

ar a ss n ar u o r th mie l h st r a k bl l m it e rea r em a r a e u n ou s

M oo i h t o w C o g li a d G i m d b ot h q li y f h l i gh h v i y f bj c
,

r s n s, o n n r au ua t o t e t, t e a r et o su e ts ,
Si t t d p om i n e c y m p h i c p pl
,

ua e on d t th e latt
r n e s, a n a er an d a s at et eo e

pl a ce t h m i of fi e c t l e f m e l y W AL T D
.

e re a ns a n as , or r ER O NN E .

LA C H APELLE SAIN T E RA N Q OI S BY W ALT ER DONNE

1 82
 T H E PY R E N E E S .

D E SCR I B E D AND I LLUS T RA T E D B Y G O RDO N I I O ME .

H O S E wh f gh vill g o a re g g h cl ly o rt u n a t e e n ou a es a r e s t run to et er o se at one

j toy h w d w d p f h j y d l y ll f h m
ourn e s out ar s to ar s a rt o t e o u rn e an n ea r a o t e

By cl
a d ydy
on n e on a f ll f d i l d c l ea r a nG v su n n a a re u o e ta an o ou r r ea t o er

Ob i h i fi vi w f h h gi g g bl h d c i b lc i
.

ta n t e r rs t e o t e an n a es s a e u r ou s a o n es ,

Py re n e e s w cl d as g f ch f p i d g
a sno - d h
a d fb m
ra n e o su o te n a n te re e n , a n t e en s o ea s

m j a est ic li y h u n rea ch i gi l t i ch l y c v d
t at M fh hsu hv an or na a re r ar e o st o t e ou s e s a e

i d p l i g h c f m w i h pp d
.

i mp ire s s o n d m s ee er a n i
o re as t n t an a oa t o ar s t su o r t e rs n ca rv e

an y h ot l g N f
e rs a t a c o s e r r a n h l i h f w ll p c l i m h
e ot a r s ou t s ton e et nto t e ro n t a to ro a t e

wh d iq i y d dig i y
.

o f h t ld
e w fT
o to h n o a rt a s , f w e re t e ro a ant u t an n t o th e o n er s
’

as c d en s f i h i gh h
to a dd l y l i g B ll ck d w h m p i m i iv
a r e t, t e re su en nea e u o s ra t e os t r t e

h w h i f c wi h l i d w d w h l
.

a pp e a rs h on t e s ou t e ste rn d h o r zon a o a r ts t so oo en ee s a n t e

vi i s on o f wy p k sn o p l d h l c l h v m h v l m i v i bl y
ea s , so a e an et e re a ea n s a en en a e a o st n ar a

in h t d l i c cy f h i i lv y bl h
e e a o l ch m d d i g i y
t e r lw y
s er ue t a t n a t u ra ar an n t on e a a s

s hdw h a o s i t fi i cl i d
at one c i wi h S p i d wi h d m i g
s at rs t n ne to a ss o a tes t an ar s t ou t re a n

re g d h m cl d F h
ar t e h h y f b i i g c m pl
as ou s. li i
u rt e r s ou t t e o o ta n n so o e t e a re a sa t o n

b c m l d f wh f m d Pi c q b i dg h lf g w
.

e o e l iv es s e u s e an o ten , en ra e t u re s ue s to n e r es, a ro n

b y pi wi h l p f g ld g
n es t a s o v w i h i vy c e o h m o i en m o rse n ear o er t ro s s t e ou n ta n s t r ea s

h d h y f m h m b i f l f m f h vill g d h p l p
,

at an t e or t e os t e a ut u o at os t o t e a es , a n t e s t ee s o es

pi c f h v ll y g ll y c l h d wi h
,

t u res o t e a e s a re e n e ra ot e t a

Wh v
.

e re w er on e an

d ll h w y f m
e rs a t e a ro

By a on n e C c to ar as

s o n n e ,t h m m at os t r o an

i
t c o an f ci w h ent to n s, t e

Py f m v
re n e e s or a a st

b ia r r er f gl m i g o ea n

w h i p k c m pl l y
te ea s o et e

c i g ff h w d
utt n o t e an e re r

f m g i g hw d
ro o n s ou t ar s

unt il h t ew h sn o as

m l d ie te h p n t e a sses .

Th e re i hwv s, o e er, a

w d f lon er u d f m ro a ro

t h e Sp i h f i an s r on t e r

v i ll g f B h b i h
a e o e o e t at

i cl
s Of w
ea r lysno a s ea r

as h mt e h f M ch on t o ar

I wi d p h v ll y
.

t n s u t e a e

o f h t Bid e d as o a an

re a ch h l f y p es t e o t a ss

o f V l d c di g
e a te , es en n

by an y g di e as ra en t to
P m pl a h c pi l
on a , t e a ta
o f N v a Fa rre or ca r

b i cyc l
.

r ai g es, m e s or o

t o rs t h di qi
e ro a s u te
g d l vi g f
oo ea n one r ee

ch
,
’
to m
oo se o n e s ea n s

o f p g ro i Th
r e ss o n WALLS OF PAMPLONA NAVARRE
. e G R ON H OM , BY O D E

185
 Th e P y r en ees

d e n se g
wt h of b o t s Th e c t t
ro x re e on r as

f this d k g e w i th c t t g wh
.

o ar r en a o a e ose

w a ll s gl m i g w h i t wi t h t h d
a re ea n e, e re

s to ne n ly os h o wi g i th e i v i bl n n n ar a e

co i g i g t t h e gl es d o d t h e w i
n n a an an r un n

d ow a d d rs i w d f l
s n oo s on er u

a lw a y wh it w h d
.
,

Th i te i s
e n r or a re s e as e

a d ve y b
n re i d e e d t h e f w ch i
ar n d e a rs an

ch t s r t a bl st d i g t c s pi c sl y
,

es o es an n ou on u ou

a g i t th e c o l d o e d b ckg d
a ns o una rn a rou n

G p of p e t s i n b i gh t l y c l u e d
.

ro u s a sa n r o o r

s h i t s d i gg i g i
r ow w i t h t h e
n n dd e t a r o s

p ge d f k Wh i ch a e d iv i t
.

tw o- ron or s, r r en n o

t h e gr d s i m ul t a e sl y f q t l y
ou n n ou a re re u en

S meti m es m y h l f
,

t o b e se e n o as an as a a

d o en m e a d w m e of d i ff r t a ge s will
.

z n n o n e en

b e s e e n d i gg i n g wi t h v e y g e a t Sp e d t r r e u rn

ve r t h e s i l l m o t s pi dly a
,

i g
n o o a s a ra s a

pl o gh w o l d m a ke a f r w
u u u ro

P m pl on w h er e t h e e i g d h ot e l
.

a a, r s a oo

ci t y of b e ll s ca c l y t o b e q ll e d
,

is a s r e e ua

a y wh
n e T h e y a e a ll c c k e d a d t h e y
er r ra n

e a ll r u g e v e y q h rd y
.
,

ar n rt e r o f r ua an ou a

a d n i gh t !
n A h ge d o bl e t of wa ll s u u e s

TH ERAMPAR T S TH E OLD CI T Y OF
CARCASSONNE BY G ORDON H OME .

s u r r ou n d h ci y d b i p j c
s t e t an a st on s ro e t
b y d h m h f m i d wi h
,

e on t e so t at ro ou t s e, t
ch ch w i i g b v
,

i ts ur to m
ers r s n a o e th e ra

p a rt s , d bl an g y m i b y d
u e- re ou n t a n s e on

P m pl xc di gl y pi c q
,

a i
on a s e ee n t u re s u e,

m ki g p f
a n u i l c k f i q i y wi h i
or ts a o an t u t t n

c Sb
.

O n ht w y
e ha S to t e oast at an e as

i
t an h t vill g
e qi
a pi c
es a re n ot u te so

tu res q ue h b w B h bi d
as t ose et een e o e an

A lm d
an d h
os a n P fV l b h t e a ss O e a te , ut t e

m i
o u n t a n ou s sc y i xc di gl y fi i en er s e ee n n e, n

on e pl c h a e d h vi g p h gh
t e roa a n to a ss t rou

t h ge d fi l i ll
re a t e di h pg e u st r a t e n t ese a es

h g b ch
.

H eat er, k
o rs e , p p d ee oa O la r an

i g dw h g
, ,

ru n n n m str e a s t on e o n t e aun t

ster ili y f h g g
t o t d h e d h or e s, a n e re a n t ere

t h e m pi c
os t q g pi g pp tu r e s ue r ou n s a ear

B w p Sl p w d d fl i g
.

et een stee o es oo e or am n

Wi h t w i h b wl i g
g o rs e t h a ra n t orr e n t at t e

b m w i ll
ot t o d gg d m
sta n i ou t a
“

ru e ou n ta n

i dg p i ll y c v d wi h p l bl
,

r e a rt a o er e t a e ue or

d l i g whi
.

a zz n w te sn o

wi h i w h dy
.

FOR T I FIED BRID G E A T OR TH E BASSES T l o os a , t i

t s n a rr o s a s tr e e t s , ts
PYRENEES BY G ORDON H OME
Z,

wi d v y C h ch i
,

. e vea d i es an ts er or n a t e ur , s

1 86
TH E CL O I S T E RS A T S T L I Z I E R
.

BY G O RD O N H OM E
 Tlze Py r en ees

f ll
u of c on tr a s t s d i g w d h j gg d h i
an d q u a i n t n ess, but v ll y s l
a e ea n to ar s t e a e or zon

F u en bi
t e rr a h f i m ch m
a, on tI e Sp i g di w d
r on t e r, h as u or e of p k ea s n th e r n th e sta n t oo s

ff d i d d cy w d b i f l p pl h ve t
.

to o T
er li l w he tt e t o n st a n s on a r a se a a en en to ar s ea u t u ur e

h f h Bid f c d wi h m d li c
.

Si te at h m t e d iou t o t e a s soa an s ton es, o ten on tra s t e t so e e ate

su r r ou nd d by pi c q w ll I i f ll g
e tu re sh d f i
ue i a s t s u re en n ea r a t an or ru t t re e s n

d h h c y bl m d i g i b i f l li f
. ,

of ol d h v
ou s e s a n a s a se en te e n t - e n tu r os s o stan n ou t n eaut u re e

g wy ly c l O h h i m di v l f ifi d
, .

ate a an d p i bl A
ea r a st e , an a n ta e t rt ez t er e s a e ae a o rt e

bj c v y id b i dg c h d p cky iv P
,

su e ts on e er s e r e a ros s t e ee a n d ro r er au,

m g i fic Sh d h di ic i k bl f i i dy
.

F or w v
a h n i h en t a e s, t e o re n t e an t e st r t s re m a r a e or ts t
ne i gh b h d f B i i ou r d S
oo J d v i ll g d h l m E gli h p c f
o a rr tz a n t ean e a es a n t e a os t n s as e t o

c c y i p
.

L uz i m k bl
s re d h ar a e,d p k an Th m b ll p i
t e o a st s en er ts a st u r e s a n ar s e u re a ne

g ll y wi h i f l y i d m hy b c m l g
.

en e ra t ts so t d l t n te a et st , e o es e ss an ess rare as on e oe s

ly g y m i b ck w d c vd b wy d
,

m auv ed p an ea r d - h re o u n ta n a e a st ar s, an t e ur e ro n -
re

g d i xc p i ll y l v l y Th b y il
r ou n s s e e xch g d f h ch d l
t on a o e e a t es a re e an e or t at an s a te .

i d f B i i i f ll f ld c d m g i fic
.

on h
t w e es te r n P h s fi e o l a rr tz s u o au as a ne o a st e a n a n en t

exq i i c l
u s te g ll y ff f
o ou r , a n vi w f h m d i E
e n e ra f T b o ers a or e e s o t e ou n t a n s a st o ar es

g d f m g i fic w v h h i gh h h y w wi h h
.

r ou n O a n ent a es t ere a re ea t er a ste s, t er e

h i d f h Py d h f g f c d
.
,

O n h t e n or t ern b l s e o t e ren ees a an t e re e ts o ors e , o ten o n t r a st e

m ost p fi bl j ro y b md
ta wi h h m
e ou r n e i b ck g ca nd Cl e a e, ter t t e ou n ta n ou s a r ou n o se

mi a i g i h C c Nim Gi i h ci ly
.

n t n e t er S at ar d mi
a sso n n e or es to t r on s s t e an en t an e n en t

i h d d p i c q li l d c y d w f S
. .

O n e ca n e k p h m i t er ee to t e a n roa an tu r e s ue tt e e a e to n o t
i m bl L i i p ch d p h i ll v
.

ra il , p or i h
e n et r a t e n to t h
e nnu era e z e r, er e on a s t ee o er t e

NA RVA T E , SPAIN BY G ORDON H OME

1 90
 ea s t war d s, an d th e c ur ve d brown y -re d
xch g d f h ch d l
.

"
l
t i es are e an e or t at an s at e
ld c d m g i fic
.

M of P a n h as fia l
ne o as t e a n a n en t
V EN ICE .
 V en i ce

wa ll is m i r ro r e d i n th e
c d
a n a l, a n l g y a lo v e y re

g i h hdw
re e n n t e s a o s

A g t m y
.

m on st he an

ch m f V i c
ar s o en e a re

i tsl g a ch i g
oon s , st r e t n

f orm il w y es h a a s ou t

w d ar Ch i gg i
s to o a, a n d
n or t h w d T c ll ar s to or e o

T f m id
.

o or f an ea o th e
w w y a t er il y i
a s ea s t
g d
,

i s oo k to ta e th e
st e a m er Ch i gg i to o a

w h i ch h d i c
,

t rea s ts ou r s e
—m k d ar by e ou t an

a pp ly v
a ren t d ne e r -e n

i g li f l g ON TH E LA G OONS BY W I LFRID BALL

n n e o a r e

w d oo p en S m os t s , o e , R E . .

t im i g p es n d r ou s, an

f pi c q H
o ten t u re sm m l y
ue ch m i g Th d vi c e re a r e h il oet a ot e ar n e e es on t e sa s, t o,

ggli g li f d i g d fi h i g c f v y q i d v i d h y i cl d
. .

s tra n ne o t ra n an s n ra t, a re er ua n t an ar e ; t e n u e

w i h h i d li gh f ll y c l
t t e r d il ll ch d i g
e t u h mp
o o u re sa s a su es ns as a s t a r, a orse r a ant, a

a bl wi h v y h d f y ll w d d c c
a ze t e er s m b ll
a e o c wi g C ck
e o an re res en t oo n a a oo n , a ro n o

wi h c y M f h & Th ll y p i d i
, , ,

f bl
'

t a s an t u se o ue d os t o t ese c ese a re u su a a n te n re on

il h v pl y f w h y ll w g d b i f q ly i
.
. .

sa s a e se en h en t o ea t e r, a n d t e a e o r ou n ut n ot n re u en t n

ff c l i gh l y bl d c l i q i bl ck h y f q i g q f m .
,

e e f t o s t u rr e o our s u te a t e a re o te n u te r ot e s u e, ro

v y p hi ic th e er re s t or

S yl f gh t e o d rau ts m a n
h ip m pl y d s e o e

ill m i g
.

O n a st or n n

h fl ci f h t e re e t on s o t e

il i w sa s n th e a t er a re

jy i h m lv a o n t e se es.

S f l vi g o on a te r ea n

V ic h p il en e t e ca m an e

d vill g f M l an a e o a a

m cc c m i o o o e n t o

i g h —j d li gh s t u st a e t
f lly g y m u re a ss

gi p ly ky a a n st a ea r s

L Pl i
.

a te r on a es t r n a ,

h vill g
,

a n ot er a e on
h l g i p d t e a oon , s a ss e

wi h i c g i
,

t ts on e r e s of

ld h wh o ou s e s ose

b k pl wi h ro en a st er , t
m f y ll w re n an ts o e o

pi k d i m p or n st e er

ill dh i g w h st a er n er e

h b i c kw k h t e r ed r or as

y f cd i n ot et or e ts
w y h gh g a t rou ; ree n

BY WILFRID BALL h f v y , R E
. . s u tt ers o e er
P I A ZZ E TT A D I SAN MARC O
BY W I LF R I D BALL
,
.R E.
MURANO AND CAMPO SAN TO BY W ILFRID BALL , R E . .

s h ade b i gh t o t h s i t h e l st
— som e r er n a V icen e h a d i ts s hi
r n e, wi t h l l e l a m ps
i ts i tt
t g e o f d e c e pi t d e— w h e e t h e lw y g fi t m on e y t k e n i n
,

s a r a d u r su n n a a s b u rn i n Th e rs a

w i d h v d e t h e i w o k i gh t w e ll a d
.

n a e on r r r n

l e ft pl e d i d Opp o t i t y fo a p i t t o
a s n r un r a n er

m k e t h m st f
a e g oo d s bj e c t
o o a u

Vi a re g w o gh p gol s
.

n es ro n on r u er a

b e tw e e t h e h e ; b o t b il d i g goes
n ou s s a -
u n

on wh e ve r t h
er e is v il bl e s p c e
er an a a a a

w h i l st t h e al c m p i l d om i
,

u su t th e a an e n a es
“
v i ll gg i o O p s t c bb e rs a t w o k i n
a
”
n a ra r

b y th e m d b a k c ft
.
,

th e w t a er d m u -
n s, a n or e ra

o f ll i e a f o m t h e s a d ol o t o t h l a ge
s z s, r n e r

tw o-m t d I t i as e w o d b t wi t h t h e i
s r an o oa s, r

m a s iv e p o w s
s d d r y t o Ch i gg ian re e es, o a,

i n i t se l f a m t d e li gh t f ll y pi c t e s q u e
os u ur

t ow n o f fi h e s rs

Th e c l i n t h e c e t o f Ch i o gg i a
.

an a n re

be r a ts a g f m il y e se m bl ce t i t s
s ro n a r an o

fe ll w i n V e i c e b t i s b e t t e i
o s n w y s u r n a a a

i t i s f ll ly S 0 f fi hi g b t
, ,

u or n ear o s n oa s,

m e wi t h i ch p pl b o w ets d g li g
, ,

so r ur e- r n n an n

f om t h e i m st o t h e h l t e e d f m t h e
r r a s, rs s e r ro

su n wi t h a w i g m a d f fa d d i l s n n s e o e sa

Th e fi h m a k e t b y t h e i d e of t h c a
.

s r l s e na

m a ke a e xc e ll
s nt s bj e c t f o th e b h
en u r ru s

h o e a e b il t o
,

an d s m o t of t h
a s e us s r u n

ch e d c d e s th e S h d ow c a se d b y t h em
,

ar ar a ,: a u

i s v er y cc e p t a bl e a

A ve y g d w te S h i e i s t o b e se e n
.

r oo a r- r n

b e t we e Ch i ogg i a d S o t t m a i n a o t h e
n a n o r -
n

m i la d Th e w te Sh i h a ve
,

a n n es a r -
r nes

d i m i i h d i m b co i d e bl y d i g
.

n s e n nu er ns ra ur n

th e l t t we t y y
as a d b t n v y few e a rs , n u er

n ow em i r F m l y eve y t gh t t i
a n . or er r ra e o n A S H RINE BY W ILFRID BALL ,
R E . .
SAN G IOR G IO BY W ILFRID BALL , R E . . CRAB PO T S BY WILFRID BALL ,
R E . .

th e d ay by
g d li w p i d
th e M on b h o i ll m i
er pp
as ly
ut as e to a zzo r o t ere st re a n s, a a r en t

p y f
a il f h l m p I h h ll l i i g l y i m pl d i g i fi d
or O or t ese a s. ear t at a a on e n ts or a s e, n e
‘

b ut
hi i ch g d d i i g i g c m p il wi h g
,

t s s n ow an e s n te ra t n a an e t so s t r on a

T c ll g d l wi h li h i h d l y l m ch l g
.

T i i
o v s t or e o a on o a t t wo st t at t ca n ar a st u on er

w Sh ld b k f m F d A h m il p w c l i T c ll
.

ro ers ou e ta en ro th e un a n ot er e u a n a r ro an a s or e o,

m en taN v p m ky M uo wi h i
o, w h i ch i
a st s i l d O f m k g d wi h
o u ra n o t ts s an s an ar et ar en s, t
gl w k
a ss- or B s, fm df
and hi g b f p i c q h
so to u r a n o, d a e or n ot n ut a ew t u re s ue ou s e s a n

i l c w k
ts a e A h
or dj c i l d f h m g i fi c C h d l f S M i
e rs t t e a a en t s an o t e a n en t at e ra o a n ta ar a,

wi h i c m p il
.

t ts a an e

Ihv d v d
.

a e en ea ou r e

m k m y lf b to a e se et t er

k w b y hi b i f no n -
t s r e

p p V ic d a er on en e, an

ly h p h I can on o e t at

m y i c h b a n ot n ur t e O

l q y f h ld V o u o t e o en e

i w w h i ch u t an sa r ns

h Th h
,

t us ose t at

k w y li l l g no ou tt e on to
k wy m h no ou ore ; t ose

h k w y w ll t at no ou e

d pi y es se ou

TH E G IUDECCA WILF I B A LL
.

BY WILFRID BALL ,
R E . . R D .
 C A PR I .

D E SCR I B E D BY KA T HAR I N E F E D D E N .

I LLUS T RA T E D BY A R O M I LLY F E D D E N R B A .
. . . .

OR m yw k w l kd c an b i wh ee p s hv d cd f
e oo e a ro s s e r o, e re e a sa n t s a e an e or

C pi f m h S
to a h i ll c i b v h i f h C
r ro t e o rre n t o s. e n t u r es a o e t e ru n s o t e a s a rs
'

F m yw k w dlyd
or an p l c A ch i ll
ee h h s m d e e a e ou r a a es wa s t e re t a t s ee e n ot

g i g f i d b k h p ll h ll f h i gh d h
.

o n a ra to re a W l i pp d t e s e t at a o t e n t an t e s ea . e s e

m d hv v h il d N gi i l i gh dd h
,

s ee e to o er o h
er m t e s an o re a a n nto t e oo n t, ro u n e t e

li y w f l c l d f l fil h p m i f h l ck h F g li i ki d h
.

a t e e t ou i u t e ro se o t at sen t n e ro s, t e a ra on s rt e t e

l i v l d w h i ch l y i f ch d w il d w h ch d
,

d b
'
e us e an a as en a n te no s an s es t e rn s o re an ea e ou r

gl m i g l i k m hy h P i cc l M i Th h d
,

ea n ei b
an a et st se t n s un se t oa t a t t e o a ar na e re a an

g ld w l i h h f ly m i g f l f fi h m h l p i d k
.

’
o no os t n t e a ze o ea r o rn n u o s er en s u ts s e t n ar n e ss ,

d f f i y l b h m l i gh f ll i g c
, .

I w t as on e o f h i l t e s an s o h l w
our a r t a e s, ut t e oo n t a n a ro s s t e o

w e i d w h i ch w l d f d
sa li k mi g i dg i ou h m i dd l f h i l
a d ck h
e e a ra e r e n t e e o t e s an s t ru t e

b f b l d pp ch c l i ff f M Sl
,

e or e o u r o a ro a l f d o on te o a ro on our e t an

P h p i w h m h i w h i m h g l m d p h w ll f h
.

er a s t as to u our t i s t at ea e u on t e a s o o us e s at ts
w e kt oo b c a ar a
”
at

t h e li l h b tt e ar ou r ot

S o rr e n t o v i g on e e en n

i n st e a d f c i g by o r os s n

t h m mi g
e o mb n s t ea oa t

A d c i ly i
.

n e rt a n w t as

t h e v y w y er p a to re

se r v e ani ll i f us on o un

re a l i y Ac t h b y ro s s t e a

N pl w ly
.

a es as on a

s hi m m i g l i er n ne ot

l i gh b l w h l p
t e o t e s o e

o f M V vi
ou n t es u us ;

b hi d
e n h m us t e oo n

l i d g ld p hw y
a a o en at a

b ck a h to h t e s or e ;

b f e or e u s s t r e t ch d h e t e

c lma d C p i
s ea an a r

l m d
oo e h i
o n ou r o r zo n .

O urm b en en t to
t h i w p hi
e r s e e s, t e r

b d i w y i g v ly
o es s a n e en

d h d
,

an t w e re a s n o s ou n

b ut h d ip f h
t e o t e oa rs
an d h td ip f w
e r o a ter

f m h i bl d W
ro t e r a e s. e

c d h
r os s e i
t e sea n

s il enc d i il c e an n s en e

p a sse d i h l
n to t e re a

s h d w f h
a o lo t e rea

i ls an di h hdw , n to t e s a o ,

t o o, f p o im a s t t e s,

un d h l f h er t e ee o t e

g re a t l i fl w h i ch f ll
c
'

a s

s h f m h Ti m
ee r ro C PRI t e BY A ROMI LLY RBA A . FED D EN . . .
 i n d e fi n a b le , b u t t ru ly
ch m re c g o n i sa ble ar

pi i w h i ch we c lla s r t
f pl c d w h i ch
”
o a e, an

h i h d t e a r t st as n am e

m ph Cpi at os ere a r

fi b g il h
.

r s t e u e s, t en

c i Sp ll p a st s ts e u on

y Y h ppy ou ou a re a

if y yi ld h
.

ou c a n e to t at

p ll d d m s e an re a out

y li f i l d ou r e on th e s an

m y d m y as an an an

h h d d an ot er as on e , a n

h ppi i f y a er ou ca n

h pi i f h sen se t e s r t o t e

pl c b c m bj ct a e, e o e su e

i i pi i w k to ts ns ra t on or

wi h y m i gh
,

t ou r t, an d
cm wy o e a a

Pi d
.

h v a n te rs a e on e

b h M y w ll o t an e

li g
.

k w m no n na es n er

i i ic di n th e a r t st t ra
i f h i l d d t on s o t e s an an

h f l
,

m a ost o esser en

hv im a e at on e t e or

NI G HT— APRI
h w k d h a n ot er or e t ere

h gh h i i
.

C BY A ROMILLY RBA Y . F ED D E N, . . .

et , t ou t s s s o,

w h il y h m i e ou t re a ns to
f l vi g h ck y p C i g i p h h l w d will
oo t , ea n t e ro s te e s ot b a st n ter ret er, t e a st or n ot e

li one on ou r r i gh i d p h d w p k
t n C pi ee s a o s o en on a r

W cl i m b d h w h i df m h N wh h b
. .

e e t e f te O i r oa ro t e o e re ou t o th e r en t ca n t e re e

M i ar n a h p f hto t i dg w h i ch j i
e to ch w d f l ff c s S ch bl i g
o t e r e o ns su on er u e e t u az n su n

h h i gh f M Sl d A c pi g w y cl i ff fl c d i h
.

t e e ts o on t e o a ro a n na a r sets o h ora n e-t a n s re e te n t e

at h t h w i h h f Ti m b i
e n or t ht t ch w
at o q i bl p c c k er o at t e sea ; su a t e r, tu r u o se- u e, ea o

s ou t h— h p t d B l w w h i bl l m i h bl f h V i gi
ere we a u se e o us a te ue, u tra a r n e, t e ue o t e r n s
’

h g d d by h i h b i M i ll P d pi c ch
.

ou se , ua r pi e a st on e n e, s on e n t e ro e n ur
’
o s ra o t u re s ; su

m li gh g i
o on th t m ah a n std viv i d livi g li gh e d s ch i
oo t hdw se a , an n t, an su n t en se s a o

V vi b y d p pl h gh Ev y c f
.

e su us rose e on
g fi i
ur p i
e l t r ou a er s e a son
'

o
'

e rs ts es e a e a st of

cl p i g h li l w d d
,

l miu mi
n ou s st I o ou r . n th e s r n t e tt e oo un er

S ch c m i g y h S Mi h l fl d
.

u w y f w a s th e a o ou r mi o f l v
n et t e an c e e q au n ts ar es o a en er

i g d id w d f h c c dw p h b h h ch
,

m or n n l n ot essen th e on er o t at ro us o n th e at e n ea t t e e st

fi s im p i d i m ly c fi m d i
r t r e ss o n a n t c li ff A ac p i f i g d
e on on r e t n ut t re e s th e s at n a r a re r n e

i c h d y wh wi h f g c i i h ill i d
.

F or s n e ht E pe a s en t e bl m e ror t ra ra n t n ar ss ; s es a re a ow

A g b il h i m bl p l c b v h wi h vivi d m
u u st u s u t s ar e d
a a h e a h o e t e t ane on e s , an t es e a re t e

g reat d wh h i R m g ll y p l d
sea - r oa e re b s f bl o — f p ch
an a e s re u e to a u rst o os s o m o ea

d h m w d l d wi h E gy p i l m d d ch y— w h i ch
,

p as se o e ar a en t v l p t an a on an e rr en e o s th e
g i dw
ra n , o im n C pi h il di
t o ou r o w n i f whi t d
e, cl a r as s an n a m st o te an r os e o ou r

gi v h k f b y i f c i T h c m h w h i ch l
.

en t e se e er a ter ea u t a sa t s a ll t on en o e t e r os e s a st a su m

so p fc h i cer e b l id
t t atly t m h
a n n ot f c l p ppi fi l d f pi k
e a on t o th e e r, s ee ts o s a r et o e s, e s o n

b i gh
r f i
t n e ss o d h bl d c im
t s su n c l v d f y ll w c l
an t e u e n ess or an r so n o er an o e o o za

h h i g ibl A m g i y h i ll i d i h f l
.

i
ts w b a t e r, ut rat er to t at n ta n e, u tu n v es ou
‘

s es n t e u n e ss

208
 of S an C os t a n z o in
Ma y wh en th e s ilv er

g
,

im a e of th e pa t ron

i
sa n t di pis c a rr i e n ro

c i m h ch ch
e s s on f
ro t e ur

i n pi dw h
th e a zz a o n t e

wh i wi d i gte d n n r oa to
t h b ch h G d
e ea at t e ra n e

M i a r B w n a e t een

g g v dg
.

ora n e ro es a n ar

d en ll v fl wi g
wa s o er o n

wi h t y c ch
r ose s ou at

gli m p f l g
se s o th e on

w vi g l i
a f gi l i
n ne o r s n

w h i w i h fl i g bl
te t oa t n ue

v il f h g ge
e s, o t e or ou s

CAPRI BY A ROMILLY F E D D E N, RBA v m e st f bi h p

e n ts o s o s,

c ly
. . . .

pi r ests d an a o t e s,

of t h e vi n ta g la n d u s w i t h th e a d t h e f th e r e
e Th e i s r a n n n o e li vi g bl c k f f ll w
n o o o

j i c e of t h e p e F l t b k t s pil e d h i gh i g w o m e n
g
.

as e n

ly i f h h C pi
u ra a .

w i t h w h i t e n d p u pl e b u ch s e b o e
.

B t it i ot o n e st a t rn u s n n at t e a r

Th i i
a r n e ar

thr gh th e vi n y d th e hea d s
.

ou e ar f p ea n t s i n t res t t e a t e
s on o sa e h p i n r. e rs s a

wom e n, t il i
un O c t o b e t h e v i e s r o bb e d
n r, n

o f t h e i fr i t t
r u t o c i m so n
urn d go l d T h t r an a

m a y t h e m os t b e t i f l t i m e of t h
.

is t o n au u e

yea i C a pri
r n

B t b e y o d ll t h i s pl e n d o f c lo r
.

u n a s ur o o u

wh i h d c
~
le a zz e at fi st C p i h l d s
s on r a r o

ma y pha s f b ty l
,

n se o s k ow Th e
ea u es n n

b t y of t h e f d i g d a y f a ft e
.

eau a se t
n o r -su n

t h o gh q i t o liv e t r e e
,

s ki e s e se n r u f u e s, o

ear l y e ve i g l o g t h e w e t s d s f t h e
n n a n an o

M i ar n a, o f m oo li gh t o c li ff d h o s e s
n n an u

i gh t i d d t h e i l d g i a si m
.

At n n ee s an a ns

p li c i t y a d b e a d t h f f e li g w h i ch i t
, ,

n r o e n

l a ck s b y d y Th e m oo li gh t h e h l d s
a n er o

e s p c i ll y l m i o q lit y of g t i ve
.

an e a u n us ua ne a

c l m e t a c i g i i t s s bt l e t y t h
o o ur, or e n r n n n u an

th e p o i t iv e e ff ct f t h s h i e Th e
s e s o e uns n

d d e se t e d c o t s f t h e
.

s il en t Cl i t o s e rs an r ur o

o ld C t h i a
ar m o a t y a cq i
us n i
n s er u re an n

te re s t the w h i ch i s w a t i g i d a y li gh t ;
n n n n

so al s d o th e a w t p st ts wh o e
o n rro s ee ree s

w h i t e w ll ai g o t b e y d t h m y st y
s s n u on e er

of d k a ch e d d w y s
ar r U d er th e oor a n

he l e w h e d i q i e t i g oh
.

mo on re as e s re, s u n

d t il i l o t d th e w h ol b com e s
,

t i
ru s v e e a s s an e e

bi g a d h m i
,

n ar on ou s

Th f t s i C p i o ff s bj e c t f wi d e
.

e es a n a r er u s o

ran g t o th e p i t e f m th e i m p s i v e
e a n r, ro re s

p c e i o G d F i d y i gh t f bl c k
ro ss on n oo r a n o a

ro b e d d c owl d fig e s c ryi g c d l e s
an e
A S T REET I N CAPRI
ur ar n an

a d sw i g i g l a t e
n n n s t th nb i gh t fe s t
rn , BY A ROMILLY F
o e r a . E D D E N, RBA . . .
PR O C E SS I O N OF SAN C O S TAN ZO .

BY A R OM I LLY F E D D E N R B A
.
, . . .
 TH ROUG H OLIVE T REES —CAPRI
“
TH E BY A ROMILLY . F E D D E N, RBA . . .

t y p w h i ch p
e m ch d i i c i d
os se s s es gg f p i c q u st n t on , a n b ur d en th e b e ar o t u re s ue t a t t e r s,
w h i ch i q i lik h d b d y p f h d m gi ld h d d
,

s u te un e t e e a se t e o th e an so e r zz e ea un er a

t h m i l
e d Th w
a n an ll h v c l b wh i ch fl d h he omen f a re ta a e s ar et e r et oo s t e aun ts o

y d h i c y h m lv w i h i i S h I l y h gg d
.
,

fi ne e es a n a r, arr t e se es t a t ou r s t s n out e rn ta or t e to e

c i bl h i w ll d c
,

e rt a n d b
no i e n ess, a n f h T ll — y fi d ear n t e r e ou t an er s o t e a ra n te a ou n

set h d d gl fea s an m h h if y w
re u ar hm b y fi d e a ture s or e t an a t e se , ou ant t e ut ou n

c f h G k bl d w h i ch h c m h ck y d yp
,

t ra e o t e re e w ll — m
oo d as o e un a ne e t es as e en an

d w h m f m h ci
o n to t e l w m i fi l d i vi y d i l i v
ro t e an d en t s e t t e rs on o en n e n ne ar n o e an

d A A c p i b h p pl d g g v f M
, ,

t h i l e s an t na h b l p
a r ot eo e an or a n e ro e, on t e are s o es o on te
b il d i g h w h i fl c f Sl d fi h m d ch il d
.

u n s s o l t e n h
uen e o th e a ter o a ro , a n s er en an ren at t e

M i h cc p i T h h m d
o or s o u M i m g h bl ck g il y p i d
a t on o ear t e t r ea ar n a a on t e a or a -
a n te

i g d w f f w h l g h i i g
.

n m d
o n th e b u r oo fo a n e o u se o n oats a o n t at n t e r e st n street o lo w
a w m mm ar i gh h i f k pi g
su b w d h
er wi h fl
n f d d p
t, t e r e et ee n ro e o u s es t at roo s an ee

t im e w i d i
to ad c d c mi ch d d w y w h i ch f
e r re te r at eh d a en e re ar e o or a s ro n t s t e sea, a n

n i f h
sc e n tE i o b li v t f m wh
e a st, w i b lc i
s toh e e e o n e s e lt ro os e n a rro r on a on es t e

i T n i un s . w m i h w f fl w p l p o en ra n s o er s o o er eta s u on

I h i v yd y m pl y m
n t e r e v y er p c i a h p l gh we o e n t s, a t e er th e ro ess o n s t at ass a on t e ater

tu rn f d p hw y h p
o r oa f ll i d
or l at d f h b ch a t e ea sa n ts a s e to a n a ta r a t th e e n o t e ea

c ci g c Y fi d I i h wh h cm
.
,

i p n to f ose s o un on s ou s i ra e ou n t s t ru e t at en t e t ou r st o es

l y h Ac d m i c y p bj c g d h h y
.

n ot o n t d e h p i a e t m e an su e t t e a n ter oes , a n t at t ere a re an

th w m wi h h w
e o an jg h i i ht d y i C pi B h
t e a te r u at t e t ou r s t s n t e se a s n a r ut t e

f i h gi l b i g h h d h
.

ou n ta n , t e i r i d h p i
ear n on er ea a t o u r s t s ea so n s s or t, a n t e a n te r ca n

212
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Ro
'

I H R'A G H. w ; x t f- v
BY A . n ni ? r eo p e n , a wn .

t v p e wi t h p c us w x m r w: 3 4 '
10 b u rd e n , th e be ggar of p i ct u re s qu e t a tt e rs
h d
gi ld h d d
a
,

w i ch nm a r fl lt k r so m e
‘

th e h an
'

is z l a. r zz e ~ ea un er a

c l b wh i ch fl d s h h
u .

the ma nn a l ‘

I
be u: mm s ar et er e t f oo t e a u n ts o

S u h I l y: h gg d
. .

fi ne ey e s a m t m , w as M n i i
t o ur s ts n o t e rn ta or t e to e

d m f h T l l —y fi d
”

ou t ee s o t e a r a n te a ou n

s et h e ad s 3 06 m “ finne G in “ ; t h if y w
e se , hem b y fi d
ou ant t ut ou n

h ck y d y p
,

t r ac e of t h e ( M A5 “
bi o- A un a ne e w ll —m t d es as e en an

d o w n to t h e m m th ‘ sw w in w m i fi l d i v i y d i li v
o en n e d n ne ar n o e an

i sl a n d g g f M
, ,

t he A3 w o n or a n e h b l p
r a v e , on t e a re s o es o on t e

bu i ld i n gs d fi h m d ch il d
.

sh o w 1” M S l o a ro , a s her en an re n at t e

M oor i s h cc o up i ed” N M M i ar na h bl ck g il y p i d t e a or a -
a n te

i g
.

i n g d ow n t h e m od m o! 00 a 1 0 1 t 0 an b l
o at s a f l w re st n s t r ee t o o

a w ar m s u m mer br ew d h “ ewi d fl e f dd p l at r oo s an ee

mb d d w y w hi ch f
.

t i me t o a w e i rd W ad v ' v m e e oo r h a s d r on t s t e s ea , a n

b lc i
..

ni s c e m of t h e L os t i s to b b e M wh m
a w i n a rroh ro n a o n es t e
f fl w
. .

in T
un i s W i h ra n t p l p
u
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s car s o o er e ta s u on

l g h w
.

I n M r e v e ry d a v ay a n-a n , a s w at) M fi mt m h p t at a ss a o n t e a t er

t ur n of and th e 9 m m w fi l d f h b l ’
or p a fl a i an a t ar a! t ce en o t e eie
cm
.

mm poo r: of u n w n w m g na w n b i
‘ '
It 1 wh t ru eh i
t h at en t e t ou r st o es

m i h h r
.

n o t on ly t i n A w a m t u se
; m M gm et t at t er e a e

h am i C p i B
.

t h e w om a n
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t he m m i n g a t lb fi nd a $1 t ese n a r . ut

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21 1
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TH E C A I
S OF C PR . av A . IL Y
RO M L F GD DEN, R B A
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c lt
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w n on th egd wate ’
r s e dg e old ing c or n ls o er e t n es a rra n e

h i hi p d i c d hm db w
, ,

t w
o i se
n s ar i t ese d n t e r t ur n n t ers ers e n t e rra es, a n a r ou n t e an et een

wi t h vill g G h i c ch ch w h w lik h m lw y D b w i di g i y
,

a es, ot ur es o se ar e t e a a s th e an u e n n ts wa
c o e t ow mi d c l v y i g wi h
,

rn r d d w ll ers f i an ol aw s re n on e o ts o ou r ar n t th e s e a so n , no

a tim e wh H f G d w
en l th eg y g yg ou s e s d l f o o ere a so re n ow re - reen an a t er o a

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, ,

s r n o s a h b illi a n st m v blth e en e or t e r an t e era u e, b ut ne er ue

W ch i f m c c l i g f h W ch w i ll
.
,

a au im
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n or er t es th e e n tre o e o ou r n o t e a au

a tta ck B h i d d ed ch ch m k d p i m p i
n an h i
a r ou n th e ur e s, a e a ee r e s s on on t e a rt s t

c p c db p c d h i m hi g f p ic d i i
.

a t on e to r ot e h t an e r ot e te a re t e t ere s so et n o oe t sa n ess n t,
c h f d f g y
,

o ld B g ii rh m
en f b w
on f he h
t e o es o th e the so t ro n re s o t e r oo s o r t e re s

p i ci l i d d w h i li h m i
,

i f ld w ll
'

atr h an s w o a h o n t e r v es n o th e o a s, t e ar on o u s t on e s ,
df c f hi c y
e en e o t i h bi d b y
e r ll i g f c ou n t ri f li f i hi l v l y
n ow n a te te n o en tu r es o e n t s o e

wh w d f l ld c c h w h i ch h d f p
,

p e a sa n ts, b ut f os e on er u o o u rt or n e r o th e ea rt th e an o ro

y d d ci b il d i g i ll ll l f i h l f
ar s an an en t u ch d H w i ll fi d
n s st te a ta e a n a t on as e t u n t ou e e n

gl y A v H S w d d i pi i i b i f ld f c i h
.

f p
'

o a st or a r, un, e e an ns ra t on n ts o o res oe s , n t e

F ch h v im b i g d h h c f h R m cc p i — f h
.

ren a e at t es es e e t e s or e s , t ra e s o t e o an o u a t on or e re

on ly b to p l d e re u se

wi h t i bl l
t e rr Th e os s e

W ch pl y d
.

a au , t o o, a e

a p i
a rt h Th i yn t e rt

Y e a rsW ’
f h a r, or ere

wa s t h fP
e seat o r ot e s

i m
ta n t s i A i n u st r a

B hi d h B g
.

“ ”
e n t e ii r en

i
r se h t i f h
e ru n s o t e

o ld c l — Agg i
as t e s ste n ,

K fi en ri n g e an d D ii r n
ste n i I th l tt t n e a er, ra

d i t i s a y R i ch d I
.

on s, ar

l g i h d f th
.

an u s e or re e

m on t h s ;
“
no f e t t e rs

w l a i d po h i m
ere u n

b t k i gh t s w i t h
,

u n

d w wo d s w t ch d
ra n s r a e

him i gh t d d y n an a

A d he e c m e Bl
.

n r a on
’
d el t o e a se h i s m a st e r s

h ea rt an d fi ll y na s et

him l ib t at er y
Betwe t e h
.

e n e s

c a t l e d o v e t op
s s, a n r-

pi g t h e m o t a i
n un n s,

a re th e m o n as t e r i e s of

M lk a d
e n G ot t w e i h ,
t owe s of r s t ren gh t
w t ch i g
a n o er
’
h t e

v a ll y F e r om t h e se

g my
.

p i t s of v
o n an ta e a

be m il i g
s een l s n v a

l y
e ch d fi ll d
s, or ar s e

wi h p c h p p l
t ea , a e,

pl m p
u d pi ea r an a r

fi ld f hi m m OLD S T REET IN DURNS T EIN BY EMI L S T RECKER

,

c ot , e s o s er

2 20
 Tk e Wa r 64 m
/

T H E D A NIJ B E A T TH E WAC H AU BY RIC H ARD LU !

wa s a R y d M c A li h i
om a n c l
o on un p c li er v v yi g f m
ar u s u re u s, as ts o wn e u a r, e er- ar n or

v i y f ch i c ff d h i m ll b i g i h m y d h c i g h
,

in th e a r et o ar te tu r e o e re to a e n n ar on an en an n t e

— li
th e e a r d l g i p i d h b
er a n i f h l d c p
a t er
'

ot h cby g cfl er o s, t e ea ut e s o t e an s a e ; or th e ra e u

i c
r e n a ss a n d h b c k f w h i ch
e, an f fh h
t e w i h h i v h gi g
a ro o roo s o t e ou s e s , t t e r o er an n

f h fi xi i g p cim v g il l g
,

tw o o t e n e st e st n f w ps e e n s a re to ea es , u t ess o a te r- s o u t s or u tt ers

b f di h m y f M lk d h Th q p dd l b w h i ch will k
.

e ou n n t e on a s t e r o e an t e e u eer a e- oa t s ta e

ch ch D
ur i at b h b il b y h h i m c
ii r n s t e n iv w i ll
ot c hi u t t e a ros s th e r er a tt r a t s a tt e n

ch i c JcbP d i f h y ci f m
,

sam e ar te t, fon e a f
o ra n a u e r, o t on , or t e t oo , a re o an en t or ; or

S P l d h w h i p e m m ki g h i w y
,

t Hi i
o t en w i ll b s n t e r es t e a rou s e t e te os t - s t a e rs a n t e r a

by v i y f ch i m y f g c f ll y l g h D b will p h p
. .
,

t oo , th e a r et o ne s, or n o tw o ra e u a on t e an u e er a s

a re alik d ch li l w d vill g c ll h i m h p
e, a n ea tt e to Th i h w v
n an a e re a to t e rese n t . s, o e e r,

TH E DANUBE AT DURNSTEIN VI EW FROM TH E H ILLS BE H IND DURNS T EIN

BY OSWALD G RILI . BY OSW ALD G RI L L .
 Th e Wa ck c m
to di c s o ve r m a ter i a l
su ch as he ca n find
n o wh er e e sel . In
wi n ter th e te m p e ra

tu re is mil d h t ere is
y li l
,

v er w ftt e sn o or

h gh m
,

t ou i
th e ou n ta n s
b ecv d h i o ere t er e s

p c i c ll y
ra t ai h n on e n t e

v ll y v
a e h gh
s, e en t ou

th D b b f
e anu e e r o ze n

an d h t v ll e m
tr a e e r co

p ll d
e e g f mto o ro

vi ll g a vi l l g
e to a e

e ih t er f on by oo t or

c ig b h i
a rr a e ; ut t e d s

tan c h
es a re s ort .

Th b pl c e es t a es to
st ayi f y l gh n or a n en t

o f im t D e are i ii rn s t e n

or S pi h c m tz ; t e ae o

A GG S T EIN ON TH E DANUBE BY LUI G I KASIMIR m d oi ai t g d on s oo

c i g b
,

r oom s os t n a ou t

two h i ll i g d y
s n s a a ,

wi ll q i ckl y f g
be u or ot t e n

a g i i w ch i g h f
a n n at n t e ra t s,
b d f Vi
ou n l d wi h
or en n a , a en t
w d b gh f m h W l d
oo r ou t ro t e a

v i l ert e l f m G or s ad t ro mun en

by y f
,

wa T o ib th e ra un a tr u

y f D b H will
,

tar o th e anu e . e

fi n d m a d v
u sem e n t an e en

d li gh b y p d i g i gh
e t s en n a n t
on a fi h i g b i wi hs n oa t l t up t
f gga ot s c h S lm to a tt ra t t e a o

fl / u e 20, a ki d f c gh n o t r ou t au t
i n h D b I
t e m
anu e n a u tu n

ill g p iv l y
.

h e w a ze en s e on th e
p i m i iv b
r t l d wi h
e oa t s a en t
f i i c f l p cki g
ru t, nn o en t o al a n

c pi l d
,

to k
b e ta en t o th e a ta an

so ld b k f
on th e iv an s o th e r er

E ch ff
.

a s ea son o er s o p or
p
t u n i t e s t o th e
i p i Th a n ter e

Vi i p f pi g
.

en n a a r t sts re er s r n

an d m h h cl
a u tu n, w en t e o ou r

i g i
n f xq i i d li c cy
s o an e u s te e a

ch pp l p h p m
,

su as a ea s er a s ore

to t h ch d p i i
e et er a n a n te r n

w cl
a te r mp
o ou r s an d te er a

t h an p f
th e o n e wh o il re e rs o s

as i h di m whi l
s me u ; e th e
s k ch will lw y b bl
et er a a s e a e OLD S T REET IN DU NST EIN
R BY LUI G I KASIMI R
2 24
M E LK ABB E Y
BY ALO I S H A E I NI S C H
 m e Wa ck a u

OLD G RAVE CROSSES BY EDUARD Z E TS C H E BY MA ! S U P P A NTS C H I TS C H

or v l es s
e en d th f di an e oo s e xc lle y b il
en t in ly
n u n n er d y u
g t n ea r a t h ou s a n e a rs a o ;

q li ty d m od e t e i p i c ch i y c d h m
, ,

ua an ra n r e T fl he co ee to rea t p
ou a s en t e sa e s t o n e st e s,

e li x i ct h w i h ck w h i ch c li m b d
.

i
s an th wi r, e ne ne a r, a n d h wt e a ter e n n t e ro s, th e n uns e ;
a m b si ro a
y will d i i h i f c y v y h i g
ou ne n t e r re e tor ; e er t n

ti ts g t h t Thi e y G h c i xc p
.

Th e ar s a er a rr
’
s v
a st f p
aus sa o u rs o a st e n tu r es , e e t th e b ed
zu m L owe h e Th i w
n rz s as f lyor m e r m w h i ch
a l g
roo s, c m f bl y f a re ar e an d o o rt a ur

A S pi
.

i d y n sh e t tz ou

y Hi
.

ca n st a at e t ze n

b g W i ’

er er s
’
e ssen

ki ch i h l v li
.

r en s t e o e est

f pl c i o a ll th e a es n

W ch th e a a u, an d th e
m d will b i o e st e sa t s

fi d wi h S
’
e t a lo m a n s

i nn

If hi g h b
.

n ot n as een

id b l g d sa a ou t th e e en s

ch d W a t ta e to th e ac

f y h au an d o the m an
h ci n o t e r a tt ra t o s

ff d i i i pl y o ere t s s m
b c h i
,

e a use e re s n ot

pl c p k th e a e to s ea of

h m b h y xi t e ut t e e st ,

dl
,

i n ee ess to say n

b d c B h
,

a u n a n e ot

id
.

f iv s e s o th e r er

ff pl d i d o er s en op p or
G USTAV BAMBERG ER
BY i i i tu n t es to th e a rt st .
 Th e Wa ch a u
The i re dts no n ee o by m
m e n t i on t h e f th e T e Tna l m es of m e rg ut ; or, ean s o au rn un n e

vill g w h i ch h e m Wh d
,

a es y vi i t h h p a f w w ek a g o h e c g t t t h
s en e as o e ne a e e s an e o e

xh t d w h t h thi k S o t h P ovi c of A t i ll f wh i ch
,
.

e aus e s i t bl
a f hi e n s u a e or s u er n r n es us r a, a o

p p o h will g
ur se f rt h e fi l d t M lk
e o i t t i g Th h e
a r a e e xt d hi o e a re n e re s n en ca n en s

K m — old fo t i fi d t o w ; ll w ys t o t I t l y w i t h t y t bl f M lk
.
,

or re s an r e n a a ur o a ou an r ou e, or e

p t h i m f f m i t h t o w h i l d t v ywh
,

a re o en o or ro e er n e s ea s o e er e re

b t tw h f m Vi e B t if h i m pl y t y i t h e W ch
.
,

u o ou r s H m y vi i t
ro nna e a s u e s s a s n a au

M i Z ll o M i T f l— t w pl c s f h e will b m pl y e w d d e s i gl
.

ar a - e r ar a- a er o a e o e a r ar e on n e

pil g i m ge s f g t i t st f q e t d vi i t e ve f
r a o rea p t c t e d t i m will t
n e re re u n e s n or a ro r a e, no

by th A t i e xh
,

e Po hlus r an sP g t ll
w
t it c b ti a rn it
‘

i te t f
ur s a or aus s eau es or s n re s or ,

Sch ibb s — wh t h e e i m a c i t e t ft e h m y h w i ll lw y
, ,

e e re r s so e n en r u rn as o n as e a e a a s

ch i t ct — wo d e f l ld B u g fi d ew f ci i t h i li t t l
,
_

ti k w ”
ar e u re n r u o r en or , n n as na on s n s e, un no n

t ill f th w t S l b g d th S l k m c e f th th A S LE VE TU S
,

s ur er es ,
a z ur an e a z a or n r o e ea r .
v . . .

OL D COUR TYARD IN WEISSENKI RC H EN BY EDUARD ZE TS C H E

2 28
HO L LAN D .
 H ollm m ’

M a a s, W l th e aa and

wi h
,

th e M d e rw e e, t
t h i v m vi g
e r e er - o n

c wd f i l i g
ro o sa n

v l f v y b il d
e s se s , o e er u

an d v y c l e er o ou r

By d h pi
.

e on t ese o n t s,

th e ch i f ch m f e ar o

D d ch li i
or re t es n th e
a b c f li
sen e o
“
on s
”

Th hi g i
.

er ei s n ot n n

p ic l
a r t u a r t o b e
“
d o n e,
”
ian d th e a rt st

m y ha f t er e or e con se

c ra t e v y e f er h ou r
'

th e y da i w k to h s or

A m d w h i ch
.
.

ste r a m,
i id j mi
s

b i g h
e n
sa

t
p i e
u st
PO
m o st T A T O
to
MARKE T DORDREC
ct u r
HT ss
BY H ERBER T MARS H ALL AT ,
R . W . S .

es q ci y i E p
ue t n u ro e,

ra n k h i gh i s fv f i b h n th e h pi c
a our q w wi h o a rt sts , ot m a st e r
'
s ou se , a t u re s ue to er t
for i ts k ow nd b isa i i c ic l f d b i f l M l
e, an
‘

e ca u s e t s n a on a r oo an th e ea u t u on ta
cl ch wi h ch pl c O d Sch N
,
.

o s e t ou H t l m su T w i a es as aar e baan
’
s o er n th e u e aus ea r

A lk d V l dm h d d d W i gh H
.
,

H o or n , E k m a a r, n h u i se n an o en a at an stan s th e ol e ou s e ,

f w h i ch m y b il y vi i d f wi h i d k pl c
,

an y o a e eas s d te or a t ts a tten an t m ar et -
a e, an

d y k ch i g G d c l q
a
’
s s et n b y d i m ll h v oo en d d by
tr a u a r t e rs e on s a s a a en s u rr ou n e

f d l Vic i y cl d h flc d i
.

a re to be h H ou n at t e o te to r a , m an o ou r e ou s e s , re e te n th e
w h i ch i c v i l y lik fl i g ib d
.

s on il w
en e n t n ea r tov th e ra a te r e u t te r n r an s and o er

wa y i d
s t a t on b pi
an I wh th e f i h w f h Od
st e a m oa t e rs t os e roo s r se s t e to er o t e u e

l cl fi K k Th x pl f
.

is a so m osef to f h so e f o th e n e st o t e er ese a re a ew e a m es o th e
f dh y f w h i ch pi c q pl f A m d m
.

o l d w a t e r - r on m te ou s e s , an o tu res u e s ta e o ster a

d f m ix h c y E F y i by i b i g h
.

’
a te ro th e s t e en t en tu r a st ort m n u te s ru n tra n r n s t e

w d l g h q y l m f F
.

ar s a on h H bt e v ll H ua f
a re i t e ar ou r tra e er to aar e a m ou s or ts ran z

ch i f
,

H l H a s e re th e e

gl i li i
.

or es e n th e

C h d l dm k at e ra an ar et

pl c b i dd i i a e ; ut n a t on

h fli i to t e se a su c en t

b f bj c nu m er o su e ts
”

will f d g be ou n a m on st

c l Th i th e ana s
'

ere s

p c i ll y g d
.

on e es e a oo

vi w f m T e ro th e erre i n

d Ph i x h e oe n , on t e

b k f h S an s o t e p a a rn e ,
h ilw y n ea r t e ra a sta

i h t on ; a n d a n ot er

h f h w sou t o t e to n on

b dq y f th e r oa ua o th e
T f M k wh ur ar e t, e re

fi d i ch ne t re es an r

c l db g o o ure a r e s, a

TH E WAT ER TOWER AT H OORN BY H ERBER T MARS H ALL b y m k c wd ,

R . W . S . us ar et ro ,
 ENKI— S I UI EN BY H ERBER T MARS H ALL ,
R . W . S .

an d C h d l h d wi g w h l
th e at e ra s a o n th e o e, g dduar e as at H o or n , by a to w c ll d
er, a e

ff c iv pi c h h h
,

m k a e an e e t e tu re e re t e D ro m e d a r i s T w o e r, an d t ere is
h f Am d m l h d ch i fly f
.

T o th e n ort o ster a ie th e l
a so a ll i sm a n n er
o ar b ou r , u s e e r

f
a m ou s D d Ci i “
f h
ea Z y Z t es
”
o t e u der ee sh ip b il d i g
- u d g F m th
n an re p i i
a r n ro e

Th y x i h i li y f ld c t t g
. .

e e ist m or e n n am e t an n rea t t w
o li
er a ne o w d o o a e s ru n s se a ar s,

hi ch c i c wi t h v i d f f p pl g d
,

b ut to t s n a m e atta es a erta n rom an e, ar e d r oo s o ur e an ora n e re

l di g ci i ph fi h i g life i v y b i k d b y
.

en n to th e f t es an a tm o s e re o Th e s n s er r s an us

sen t im w h i ch i h
en t, dy f h d n t e se a s o ar wh t h fl t i i p t G p f fi h
en e ee s n or r ou s o s er

ld b i h ki d d i w it th i c m i g b t t t h f t
, .

p i w
r o se , t ou e ne t er n n or es r f lk
o a a e n o n oa s a e oo

a bl e toi p l H d s i e i p oorn s t h e m o st m orta n t of t h w d li gh t h o

e oo d p en d th i u s e, a n s rea e r

h h l d c i ly b id h i gh dyk wh i ch
.

o f t w
e se to n s, an d s ou e rta n e t
n e s -o n th f th e s es o e e

vi i d I p
s te t W i gh Hos se s s es a e ou s e , in f m th
or s w ll e s ea - a

pl c b il f ih ly t t h l d b m d f m
. .

th e m k ar et a e, u t o ston e , w t a A n ea r s ar s ou e a e ro

h i gh pi ch d f f g
-
t e l ro o
pi o reen s a t e a n d ct u r A m t d m t e e t h c l b t d F id y
s er a o s e e e ra e r a

es q d ue wi d w A v y b
orm e r if l n o s er eau t u ch m k t t A lkm r Th r l
e e se- ar e a aa e ea

W Tw p c h b xc i t m t d b gi
.
, .

o ld a t er o er rote ts th e ar ou r , a n d e e en t t il b ut
oes no e n un a o

un d er hdwits s f fi hi g b
a o li e a ew s n oats ; m b t f
a m y h b f th e u or an ou r s e or e ,

w h il q y il v l pil y k t —c t wi t h t h i l d f
. .
,

e on th e ua sa ors mo e s ee m ar e ttl i ar s ra e n e r oa s o

a b ou ti id n w h vy b
e t r ou s e rs an d ea oo ts , re d d an g ch w h i ch
or a n th e ee ses, a re en

w i i gf
a t n l gg i h i d
or c y hm
th e s u s t e to a rr t e l id t i
a ou qu th g d d
n s ares on e r ou n an

ou t t o t h i i gh l y il e r n t to c v d wi t h wh i t g c l t h T h y
o e re e or ree n o s
,

h d d c i y wh i ch d by c t t
.
.

E n k h u i se n is a n ot er ea t a re t oss e t f th
on e on e ou o e ar s o
h as d g un er ci on e F m hi resu rr e t on ro t s a m st an d i g i t h m k t w h o c t ch
an n n e ar e a es

th m d them b d f s t w ;
.
,

p ort t h e b oa t s r u n a c r o s s t h e
Z y Z u der ee to e d p an s re a s on e s o ra

S vta d F i l
or e n and T h b r es a n . he ar ou r is an d th d xt e c t i t y wi t h wh i ch t h
e e r ou s er a n e

2 34
 H olla n d
Th e ma i g
n s t r ee t ru n s a o n l
a h i gh dyk id
e , on on e s e of

w h i ch b i gh l y p i d
th e r t a n te

c g f
otta es fih o th e s erm e n

n e st e l f p ci or gi ro t e t on a a n st

th e f
s t or m s Z yd o th e u er

Z ee O h id f
n t h e ot er s e o

c i g dyk l i
.

th p e ro t e t n e es th e
h b w h i ch
ar ou r, im is at t es

so c l l y p ck d h
o se a e t at a

c i c i m i gh l m b
r u t t a os t e

ma d b y ppi g f m h ip
e s te n ro s

to s hi p V l d m i o en a s e s se n

fig
.

i l y
t a l w fa to n or u re

p i a n ters ; d h i
an t e re s n on e

o f pi c
th e q p ig t u re s ue os n

an d c ci on s f d i
ou s n e s s o a m r

i
a t on w h i ch p v il re a s so

s t ron gl y i i gh b
n th e ne ou r

i g i l
n d fM k
s an o ar en

Th ill m i m y
.

er e st re a n an

pl c f ga es o i ic m i
r e a t a rt s t er t
w h i ch ly b
ca n mon e en u er

a te di h n a i cls I or t art e n

i gh b h d f
.

t h e n e ou r oo o

Am d h st er a Sch v
m t e re a r e e

en n i g Zen, d m a a n a a n d
G d ou a ; to h th e n ort -e a st ,

H li g ar nS kDv en n ee e en te r,

K mp i
, ,

Zw ll o e an d a en ; n

m i H lld- d A hm d
o an rn e an

Nym w g h
,

e d en , a n t o th e so u t

g G dV
,

Mi d d l
ALKMAAR H ERBERT MARS H ALL
,
K . W
. S .

H
eb u r

T M A H A LL
ER BE R
, oes a n

RS
e e re

.
.

g y lipp y h i g
re a s s er t n s

a re th w d c gh ro n an au t,
m i gh ff d
t a flor a u se u

o bj c l e t m y
e s so n to an

c i ck
r e te rs

A m m
.

ste a tra run s

fro m Am d m ste r a to
Vl dmo en a p th e ara

di f q i c m
,

se o ua n t o s tu es

and
g p i ay r e tt n e s s e s ,
”

an d h w
ere a ll a n t s,

b h ot i ic d m
a rt st an a

i
t e r a l, a r ei fi d by sat s e

th e ki d n an d e n ter

pii g h
r s n f h os t o t e

H l S
ote w p a a n d e r, ho
l y him lf
a s f se ou t or

th e cl f h pi
u t o t e a n t er .
VOLENDAM BY H ERBER T MARS H ALL ,
R . W . S .

2 38
 ST O C K H O LM .

D E SCR I B E D A N D I LLUS T RAT E D B Y C O U N T LO U I S SPAR R E .

IT H O U T y d b S ckh l m i an Th p i ou t, f h li f to f h o w t ons e a n te r o t e e o t e to n

if l will f d S ck h l m pl i g li
.

i f h m b t os t eaut u and i n at to o e as n n es oi

f l p bli c g d
s on e o e

pi c q w i h w ld t u re s ue to ns n t e m or i s t re e t s , re s t u u ar e ns os t n

ff c gh p i ll y h p i g
.

F m i xc p i l i i —
.

i f li
t ona s t u a t on , t r es te e e ts o t es ec a t e s r n
ts e
gh d y
ro e

dd b y w h v i g L k M l
a t e r,
wili a
— n h v ia p e f h a ar y t t and t e ar e t es o t e ga
s u rro u n
di
e

d wi h i fi c wd f g
th e w t ts ne ro o a re a t t o n

S c h d
one s e an s ea , .

ch i p l g h f
ou
h w f
th e ot B k t l m to i
n i mo i
e rs ut to o h as an nt a te s e

d h c h
on er. e

c c d
ar e a o,

m y ch c i i c
an a ra l l te r s t pp l s
v l a
p
d
iu a te
h h
i
y
ito m
h
a p
c d
ea d
y
en e o e n an s to r at os e re , an

to a rt i T h
s ts m.
p e nu d q y m p
w h i ch g p
e rou s
w i orts
d g
m
an p
g iv
i ua i g i
ld
s sta e t t at s at et

es to o
n t

a es ast an o ne

h d ld w I i h ld ou s e s an o to ns t s t e o

q wh i ch p c i ll y c h
.

u a rt e r s es e a a tt ra t t e

i S ck h l m —q f w h i ch a rt s t t o to o u a r t e rs , o a

g m b d h h m i re a t nu e r, a n t ese t e os t n te r

i g p i f d i pp i g est n a re on th e o nt o sa ear n

T h l c li i wi h h i w wi d
.

es e o a t es, t t e r n a r ro n

i d ll y h i d i xh n g s t re e t s a n a e s. e an ne a us t

ibl f bj c e t r e as u re o su e ts

h i d f h w i Sw d i h
.

e s
Th e sou t s e o t e to n , n

S d m l w b il h mmi é er a m, as u t on t e su t ol

p ck h f f wh i ch fl w s te e ro s, at t e oo t o o

Th
'

w f h p h i l th e a t e rs o t e o rt e re t e l tt e

c li m b v h i ll wi d i
.

s t re e t s o er t e b s or n n

h v ll y c m m i c i wi h h t e a e s, a n d o un a t on t t e

q y i bli h d by m fw d ua s s esta s e ea ns o oo en

TH E jA CO B C H URC H BY COUN T LO U I S SPARRE .

p h
c
m a ri n e p i a n ter s u bj e ts
re s e n t
w h i ch d h im
to t
i li g
e

sa n s h ip s or

st e amb l d
a re
i g
oats
ea r
l oad i g
to
n
h i
,

or u n o a n t e r

c g i h y d m ky az
c
m an s o at o

d
ar o es n a

sph Th l
e re . d c pi wille
f an
l s a st i n o se

w i h fi d p k ne ol ar s
to h
w h h i wi
t
et
e to
w h
n,
h d n t
li
n t e r,
ge

en t e a zz n

whi h d y
er n

w l w i s s a or n
f h t e sno o

c
,
t en ess o
mm d i g l g m i
h th e
ch
v on ro ant e en

f
su er ur n

i g — i chs a r
m w i
t re a s u r e ro to
ST REET C UNT ’

d w ill m y d v i d i pi
n LO l lh
'
S I A RR S
AS O LD ll V O
ar e ns ra
ra at w an an
 S i ock k o/m

a m on g th e wo de m i o n a s o n n et t e s , to
w d
ar s th e h i gh t w h e c
wh le s n e th e o e

to w i p d
n s s Vi w
re a ou t t o th e e d is
p yi g i ch i g
,

la n n th e sun an en ant n

pi c wi h i b k l i
tu re t i h ts ro en n es, ts ou s e s

ol d d an l g n ew a on th e n u m e r ou s

q uay H s h e re h and t ere in th e a ze

i h g c f l il h ch ch
.

r se t e ra e u s ou ett e s of ur

s pi res, g anq d m th e re a t s u a re a ss ,

d dig ifi d yl .

se v e re anf n e o th e ro a

c l c h y by i b
,

a st e, a t tra ts t e e e ts eau

t if l p p i
u ro i d ig ifi d
o rt o n s an d ts n e

r eser v f yl e o st e

v d q
.

Th b p e e st f O re se r e u a rt er o ld
S ckh l m i h p c ll d
to o s t at a rt a e
“
th e
ci y b w
t b i dg
et een Thi i th e r es
"
s s

d wh i ch h g d
.

th e k l e rn e a rou n as ra u

a ll y g w c pi l f S w d
ro n th e a ta o e en

Thi q
.

d
s ol i b il u a rt e r s u t on an

i l d w h d
s an id by h
as e on on e s e t e

f L k Ml
,

w a t e rs o d a e a ar an on th e

ot h by her Si d t e hi sea tu a t e on t s

di h ylc l cl
.

i l s an s t e ro a a st e , a n d os e to

th e c l i h p i c ip l ch ch f
a st e s t e r n a ur o th e

AN OLD S T REET BY COUN T LOUIS SPARRE

to w n G Ch ch O h i li l
th e re a t ur n t s tt e

i l d i l by i h f
.
,

s an s a w a r n t o n a rr o s tr e e t s

l add e rs r s n i i gp er p en dic u arl ly an d

s et i n th e g ra n it e F r om thi l s ofy t
id j y
.

s e of th e t o w n one m ay en o

o n e of th e m os t be aut i f l vi w i
u e s n

wo l d A t t h
.

th e r e p e t tim
re s n e

ll t h i p i ct qe q t i
.

a s u re s u u a r er s

b i g d i m t l d by t h pi c k x
e n s an e e a e

o f th e ho b ke d dy
u se - re a r, an na

m it ei d m i i g th e ck
s un er n n ro

Wi d e m o t m d
.

v
n o o n ou s o e rn a en u es

a re g l fi g t h b y w y li t t l
en u n e -
a s e

w de m ioo n tt p i t d
a son n e es a n e

g ree n y ll w e d wi t h t h i
o or re e r

by th e g y c l
, ,

roo fs b k ro en a o ou rs

o f t h old t il e
e f lli g i s, a re a n n on e

by wh il m d
on e, h s e o e rn ou s e are

i i g i t h i pl c h g h i gh
r s n n e r a e, u e.

hid a d l l i d i ff
,

e ou s , n t d a n e re n an

d b t f l t yl H e d t h
ou u s es er an ere,

h w v th f g tt
.

o e e r, m i e re re a n or o en

m id t i i g t id f
,

i nth e f th s o e r s n e o

a ll t h i ch i t ct
s ar d v id f e u re , so e o o

ro m c an f w g
e, p a f ld e ro u s o o

g t wi t h t h i m d l y f c l
a rre s , e r e e o o ou r

an d wo m t r t i c -
i i
ea e n s a r a s es , ns nu

ti g th m if h m d
a n lv e se es, as as a e ,
“
O N TH E VER G E or RUI N BY COUN T LOUIS SPARRE
24 2
 S l ook /oolm

I 6 TH CEN T URY H OU S ES BY COUN T LOUIS SPARRE OLD BRICK BUILDIN G BY COU N T LOUIS SPARRE

r oo m s wi t h
d c iv m l p i i g e or a t e u ra a nt n s

of h g t e i re a t e s t n t ere st

A ll h gh h q d k
.

stro t r ou t ese u a rt er s a t us

fi ll w is a v i g wi h d n te r f e en n t re a m s o

th e p A h vy k y v h g
a st ea s o er an s th e

w c i g f m d b y h y ll wi h
.

n a rro ut t n or e t e e o s

w ll f
a s h i gh d c i h
o th e an an en t -
ou s e s ,

wi h li l wi d w
t tt e d d m fl n o s an or e rs r e e ct

i g i
n h h i gh
n t y h c ld g y
e er s t ore s t e o re

o f h wi t e li gh O h l w fl n t er t n t e o er o o rs

h h i h p pl
.

a re seen d e re an t e re n t e ur e

sh d w f h li l ll y f i d
a o s o t e tt e a e s a a n t re

gl w p c d i g f m h h m bl li gh
o ro ee n ro t e u e t
o f m
so m ll l e s c ili g d h a ow - e n e ou s e

d ci g
.

F b l w
ar e o s ta n s th e an en t a te,

su r m d by h hi l d f
ou n t e ld t e s e o an o

no bl f m il y fl k d b y
e a li wi h an e t wo on s t
c f l i c ic f c I
,

s or n u a r sto i ra t a es n th e d s

c fl i ck l i gh f
.
,

tan e p e rs th e o or t o a st re e t

l mpa

A ll h i q i d lm
.

t h s u a r te r as re m a n e a os t

i c T
n ta t i w i ch m d b y
he a rt st ho s ar e

h pi c q wi h h i y h ly
.

t e t u re s ue t a st or as on

to fix i l h h fi c
s e a se at t e rs t o rn e r he
cm o es S bj c b d v y wh
to u e ts a ou n e er e re.

v h l i hi g h
.

I i t s ne er t f
e e s s a st o n s n t a t so ew

i
a r t st s h l d d pi c h i m i c p
s ou e t t s ro an t or DOORWAY OF AN OLD
h ym h COUN T LOUIS SPARRE
H OU S E
ti onf h o w t e to n ; an d t e u st a st e n , BY

244
TH E CAS T L E I
H LL,
S T O CK H O LM
BY C O UN T LO U I S SP A R R E
 S l ook /zolm

fo r t h e wi n d
c i l dy h wl
of d e st r u t on a re a o s ing o pe n -
ai r m u seu m , and to b m it i t t
su o

d h
a r ou n t bl
e se f Pl f
v en er a e ro o s ans or t h e sa m e f
w h i ch h
a te as a l e a dy b e f ll
r a en

m d — w h i ch xi
ly w i h m e O f t h e fa s c i a t i g q
.

o i i
e r n za t o n e st on a a t t e so n n u a r te r s of th e
d c i i f w ll i i d m i c ip l
e s on o a e - n t e n t on e un a an c i e t c p i t a l f S we d
n a o en

c c il — d m li h hi h i gh l y i L I SA
.

ou n to e o s t s n ter est OU S P RR E .

TH E OLD G REEN H OUSE BY COUN T LOUIS SPARRE

 BO A R D S H I P A S A S K ET C H I N G G R O U N D .

I LLUS T RAT E D B Y G E O FF R E Y HO LM E .

O th e a rt i s t th e hy d ck e of a l i ner n ot hi g n in c o m m on .
yet t
ll y gg
e a re co n
u sua b f w d m dsu p d ests dy w k ut e p sios e ne to s en so m e a s, ee s, or
b i li i l h b
t es, m i v m h i
un ess ch h c m p y wi h e e a ar ne e en on t s n ea ot er s
’
an t
w h i ch c ff p c i c ll y p i b i l i y O f c p Th
o ,

p i i a n te r, i n ase t o e rs ra t a no o ss t es e
d v h i m l f h p p c m fii i ly l m i g y
a e.
h i m Opp i i ortu n t e s to e o te se to t e ro s e t s s ee su c ent e t to
dy f h v ch gi g c
a ar n

d f h m ch c d i l i l
,

stu o t e e H m y
er h an n o ean e a t e st u en t o u an a ra te r a n ts tt e
c lm d g y i di y c i h y fl m y p i bi li
.

Ob v i ise r e m
t i n sto r or n a , un er re os n r a s es , t e o
'

er an os s

i d m pl p t es, an a e sco e

f i d lgi g h i or n u n s

l hm ta en t as a u o ro u s

i a rt s t

W h v l dy i d
.

e a e a rea sa

h wh h t at no e re as o ne

ch xc ll pp su e e ent O or

i i O f Ob vi g t un t es se r n

h p c li i i f t e e u a r t es o

f ll w c o ne s
'
e o - rea t u res

l g v y g as on a on o a e,

f i i m k bl or t s re ar a e

h w f d y o , a te r a a or

h v i t wo
“
o ut , t e a r o us

ch c i i f h a ra t e r s t cs o t e

p g b gi a s se n e rs e n to
v l h m lv d re ea t e se es, a n

h h i t en t e a rt s t ca n

l c hi p im se e t s
“
s ec ens

Fi h i h
.

rs t t e re s t e

ld ly pi e er s n ste r a s see n

i h k ch hi n t e s et on t s

p g Sh i ll y a e. e s u su a

TH E PROMENADE DECK ON R . MS . .
“
s u p a as s or JAPAN a m u c h t ra v e lle d p e r .

so n , b ut
yo u i find w ll
t h at t h gh ou sh e h as
s k i es o bl u e k i e s a n d h e w i ll fi n d i n t e res t
r s vi s i te d y c
man ou n ~

a ll i t s v a r y i n g a p e c t s
,

i n To t h e a rt i s t s tr esi sh pe o s se ss e s

wh o a l o s t u d i s h i s fe ll o w s l i fe o n b a d li m i d k
.

s e o r b ut a te no w
shi p p s e t s m u ch g oo d m t l e dge O f a y S h e
,

re n i a l fo h i s a er r n

p e n c il e p c i ll y i f h b g i ft e d wi t h a lw y s t v e l de
.

s e a e e a a ra s un r

s e of h u m ou r ; i d e d i t w o l d b e d i ffi t h e wi g o f C o k
,
’
s en n e u n o s,

c u l t to i m g i e g a t h e i g o f peo pl e the
,

a n a r n or m so w e ll e o r

w h i ch w ou l d p ro v e m o re f i t f l i n goo d ru u k w t u i ts o
no n o r s
'
r

s u bj e c t s fo t h h m o s d r u gh t m a
r e u or u a s n g a n i sa t ion a n d
Th e p a t i c l a c o n d i t i o s w h i ch p er t a i n p d m t of h
.
,

r u r n s en s os er

t o li f o e l i e a e pe c l i a He e o n e
n a n r r u r r time ea d i g g i d
r n u e

fi d s m ot l ey c ll e c t i o o f h u m a b i n g
.

n a o n n e s, b ks S h h
oo e as a

w h o h a v e u u a ll y v e m e t b e fore t h o w c i o u s h bi t o f ol
.

s ne r r n ur a v

t ge th e r i n t h e cl o e s t s oc i a l i n t i m a cy
,

o s u t i g O bvio
n ee r n u s

O ft e n for a l o g p e i d E xc e p t t h t t h y u ch
,

n r o a e rem k ar s, s as

fe ll o w p s se n ge rs t h e y m a y h a v re get t i g
.

a re a e
“
W e a n
“
a TO U R IS T
"
 '

B oa r d s / n? as a S k e l ok zfl g Gr ou n d

n e a rer ou r d es of th e s te w ar d wh o i i n s s t s on bi r n i n
g g y ou
g g g
.

t i n a ti on ,
”
or
“
It tem pt i n be v e ra es (p a e

will b e wet if i t Th e en ter t a i n m e n t an d s p o rt s a re re

i
ra n s
”
g i cid s p ons ibl e for m a n y a mus i n n en ts in
P hp li f Ty p ch
.

er a b s i th e th e e on oa rd sh p es su as we
c mm g
.

m os t i p l
o p i
on see n th e a e a nd er s s te n t son s ter

typ i e d pi c d i
s th e on ef k ch e te n on e o th e s et es , an d th e
d pi c d i
e h i i c pl y f k q i i
te n th e h
en t u s a st a er o d ec -
uo ts n a n ot er

a c c m p yi g
o i v i bl y fi d T h gh h
an n w ll
on e n ar a n s ou t ese e

k c h Th m i g p pl lw y i g
.

“
s e t e f h ea n n eo e a re a a s n or a n t o t e

f c h y v f il
,

a t, t e ne er a to
d hm ad to th e u or o u s en

j ym f v y g o en t o th e o a e

S ch
.

fi d u s tren u ou s el

gm h ck y a es -
as o e a re

dly i d h ar su te to th e re

i d p c lly s tr c te s a e u su a

il bl b d wi h ava a e on oa r t

l h h
,

h t e r e su t t at t ose wh o
i d lg i hmm b n u e n t e u st e

S TORYT ELLER p p d f h d re a re or som e ar

TH E
k ck I i c i no s t s u r ou s to
q i l d l y f lk
.

see u te e er o

S y t or t e ll er U su a ll y h e k p i h g m ta e a rt n t e se a es ,

f h ve w ld d m Of
.

h a s, p ro e ss e s to a h w o ou n ot rea

dig d y h
or

t ra v ll d x e te n si v ly e an d o n so u n er an ot er

c di i Th y
e e

ck
,

p os s e s s e s a ra re st o of o n t on s e a re

g ll y c m p ll d
.

an e cd ot e s , a n d if s o m e of e n er a o e e to

h i s ta l '

es re q u re i th e p ro i h i c bi d r e t re to t e r a n an

v erb i a l g i of s l t
ra n a m i h f m re a n t ere or so e

t hy e a re a lw y w e l c om e
a s
,

SON G S ARABY d y c v f m h i a s to re o er ro t e r

x i
“
OF

p ou r p a sser lo temp s He e e rt o n s

d
.
.

s p en s m ost of h is t me i
in th e sm o ki n g l
s a oo n , an d on e of his
p e c li i t i
u ar es is t h at he is u su a ll y th e l a st

to t ur n in d dh v
for t h e n i gh t in ee e ne er

di c h
,

i
r et r e s il h l unt f hi t e a st o s au en e as

dp d A h d f vyg
e a r te t t e en o a o a e on e

l v h i m wi h g
.

ea es m d t so e re re t , an on

re flci e c
t on o n eh lp f li g h a n n ot e ee n t at , b ut
f him
or h l g j y w ld h v
t e on ou r n e ou a e

d ill l g ;
,

se e m e st on er

Th f im d i g
.

ere are o ten t es ur n a sea

v y go a p c i ll y i i
e, e s ly g wh
e a n ts ear st a es , en

s om e o f p f b us l — li d d
re e r to e a on e so tu e an

n ot y m p hy i w h
s ch i fly d i
at s at we e es re

b i
ut i t lw y s y mk h
n ot a a s ea s to a e t e

ch f l p g
e er u li h i T f l
a ss e n er re a se t s he ee

ff i g v ll i h k ch
.

i gn f s o th e su er n tra e er n t e s et

T“
C mf
he o d i flior te r d ”
a r e n ot cu l t to re a

i g c c f hi m
,

b u t th eb ea m n ou n ten a n e o s co

p i f bi d p
a n on or S i il l y i p s r o t e st m ar n op or

ch cc i
.

t u n e on su i o a s on s a re th e a tt e n t o ns CANDY 5 R M .
 ’

B oa r d s /zip as a S /eet ck zng Gr ou n d

we d cl h h y
i r est b i ot es t e ca n o ta n ,
such p w as h w ld
no o er on eart ou

i d c h m
n u e tl whe to d on e se ere .

Sm d i
o e pp iy f
ee m t an o o r tu n t or

rev i vi g h i nld g m t e r o e st ar en t s,
wh l i m will g
e so h
e o to th e ot er

ex m d b d ck h m lv i
tre e an e e t e se es n

thi fi e r y O m i
n e st a rr a ne an d s

pl y p y f cy i w i c
.

a s a rett an n a st o a t s,

a n ot h i b wh i l h i d h w
er n o ot s , e a t r s o s

a p ch en f c i h an t A ll or u r ou s a ts

i g d p vi d xc ll
.

a re a m us n an ro e e e en t

i lf h h m k ch
,

m a ter a or t e u o r ou s s et er

S m i m h ffic d c w
.

o et es t e o e rs a n re

will p d c f w g d
ro bj c
u e a e oo su e ts ,
d if l c m pl y d m y
CONS T I T UT IONAL an as a rs are e o e , an
TH E

f ll
o w t h i x m pl n d t h e n t h e r
o e r e a e, a o s,

u t il y
n fi d oug l a r c ol m f p
n a re u u n o as

se g e s p
n i g
r ot h er
u rs u n s if m on e a n a co

peti g f n w g or a a er

Ma y m ted to f Wh ili g
.

'

n e e ean s ar r so r or n

a w y th e t e d i
a h o rs of l g v y g ou s u a on o a e

S o m e p a ge s n e ge t i c ll y w it e
.

sse n r e r a r

j l ; o th e l i k e t h e c pl i t h
ou r n a s rs , ou e n e

s k e t ch o p g 5 s i t t e a d il y ch e wi g
n a e 2 0, s n

c dy t h i s b i g b e li e v e d b y m e
an e n so

w h e t h er i gh t l y or n ot i t i i m p o s ibl e
, ,

r s s

to sa
y to b e p v t iv e of m i d
a s u re re en o -
e

S om e m e l y s i t o li st i ll d
,

me r re r e an

tly t hi k b ou t w h t o m
.

a pp a ren n a a n an

The b e fo d d ay
,

c an s y a e t se ar o un

a ft er d y i s m e s p o t l ok i g if
.

th a n e a o n as

th y h de ve m v d f om i t
a ne r o e r

No t t h e l e t am i g f t f li fe
.

as us n ea ure o

on b d sh i p i
oa r th va iety a d i gi s e r n or

n l i t y of t h e c
a t m s o see W i th
os u e ne s

axi m
.

s m e p o pl
o i t pp e a s t o b e
e e a r an o

t hat whe g i g o l o g voy a g t h y

n o n n a n e, e

h l d i cl d e i n t h e i w d b e t h e DECK Q UOI T S
,

s ou n u r ar ro -

p i ct q fig
u re s d ue u res an

g p will b f d
rou s e ou n

gh h b id
.

E n ou as ee n sa

to h h s ow i t at th e a rt st

d d p i ffi g
n ee n ot es a r o n din
pl y f h m
en t o u o rou s sub

j wh
ec t s v lli g b y en t ra e n

sea, a nd if k h e ta es a d v a n

tag f h i pp i i
e o s o or t u n t es
he will fi ll h i k cs oon s s et h;
D E C K -H O C K E Y b k oo . GH . .