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BIOLOGY
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1 ______ part of xylem tissue in plants stores food.

1. Vessels
2. Xylem fibres
3. Xylem parenchyma
4. Tracheids

Parenchyma tissue generally stores food. In some situations, it contains chlorophyll and
performs photosynthesis, and then it is called chlorenchyma.
In aquatic plants, large air cavities are present in parenchyma to help them float. Such
parenchyma type is called aerenchyma.
The flexibility in plants is due to another permanent tissue, collenchyma.
We have seen the husk of a coconut. It is made of sclerenchymatous tissue. The cells of this
tissue are dead.

Xylem consists of tracheids, vessels, xylem

parenchyma and xylem fibres.
Tracheids and vessels are tubular structures. This allows them to transport water and
minerals vertically. The parenchyma stores food. Xylem fibres are mainly supportive in
function.
Phloem is made up of five types of cells:sieve cells, sieve tubes, companion cells,
phloem fibres and the phloem parenchyma. Sieve tubes are tubular cells with perforated
walls. Phloem transports food from leaves to other parts of the plant.
2 Identify an example of organisms that are free-swimming and bottom-dwelling
forms.
1. Phytoplankton
2. Zooplankton
3. Fungi
4. Jellyfishes

Though they are microscopic in size, organisms called plankton.

There are two main types of plankton: phytoplankton, which are plants, and zooplankton,
which are animals.
Fungi are eukaryotic organisms that include microorganisms such as yeasts, moulds
and mushrooms.

The consumers are represented by the zooplankton, the free swimming and bottom
dwelling forms. The decomposers are the fungi, bacteria and flagellates especially
abundant in the bottom of the pond.

3 Which of the following statements about cell cycle is FALSE?

1. Preparation of mitosis takes place in G2 phase.
2. In M phase, the cell grows physically larger and copies organelles.
3. In S phase, replication of DNA takes place.
4. In G1 phase, the cell grows physically larger and copies organelles.

Cell division occurs during M phase, which consists of nuclear division (mitosis)
followed by cytoplasmic division (cytokinesis).
33. Match column-A with column-B

Column A Column B
i. G1 a. Cell synthesizes a complete copy of
DNA
ii. S b. First gap phase, the cell grows
physically larger
iii. G2 c. Cell begins to reorganize its contents
in preparation for mitosis
iv. M d. Cell divides its copied dna and
cytoplasm to make two new cells
1. i-b, ii-a, iii-c, iv-d
2. i-c, ii-a, iii-b, iv-d
3. i-a, ii-b, iii-c, iv-d
4. i-b, ii-a, iii-d, iv-c

Cell Division –

(1) Interphase
(a) G1 Phase (Gap1) - Initiation of replication of the genetic material of the cell
without replicating DNA.
(b) G0 Phase - Cells which do not divide further attain an inactive G0 phase also
known as quiescent phase after they exit the G1 phase.
(c) S Phase (Synthesis) – DNA Replication.
(d) G2 Phase (Gap2) - Cell begins to reorganize its contents in preparation for mitosis.
(2) M Phase
(a) Prophase
(b) Metaphase
(c) Anaphase
(d) Telophase

4 What are the three parts of bacterial flagellum?

1. Head, tail and lower body
2. Filament, tail and hook
3. Basal body, tail and filament
4. Filament, hook and basal body

Bacterial cells may be motile or non-motile. If motile, they have thin filamentous
extensions from their cell wall called flagella. Bacteria show a range in the number and
arrangement of flagella. Bacterial flagellum is composed of three parts – filament, hook
and basal body. The filament is the longest portion and extends from the cell surface to
the outside. Besides flagella, Pili and Fimbriae are also surface structures of the bacteria
but do not play a role in motility.

5 Match column A With Column –B

I. Vitamin A a. Ascorbic acid
II. Vitamin B 12 b. Retinol
III. Vitamin C c. Cobalamin
IV. Vitamin D d. Ergocalciferol
1. i-b, ii-a, iii-c, iv-d
2. i-a, ii-b, iii-c, iv-d
3. i-c, ii-b, iii-d, iv-a
4. i-b, ii-c, iii-a, iv-d
CommonName Chemcical Name

Vitamin A Retinol(Fat-soluble) Night Blindness

Vitamin B1 Thiamine(Water-soluble) Beri-Beri

Vitamin
Riboflavin(Water-soluble) Bad Skin, retarded growth
B2

Vitamin B3 Niacin(Water-soluble) pellagra

Vitamin B5 Pantothenic Acid(Water-soluble)

Vitamin B6 Pyridoxine(Water-soluble)

Vitamin B7 Biotin(Water-soluble)

Vitamin B9 Folic Acid(Water-soluble)

Vitamin B12 Cynocobalamin(Water-soluble) Anaemia

Vitamin C Ascorbic acid(Water-soluble) scurvy

Vitamin D Calciferol(Fat-soluble) Rickets

Tocopherol(Fat-soluble)
Vitamin E
Anti sterility, loss of body movement, muscle weakness.

Phytonadione/phylloquinone (Fat-soluble)
Vitamin K
Excessive bleeding due to injury

Trick:

Chemical Name
r(RETINOL) th(THIAMINE) e(Ascorbic acid)k(CALCIFEROL) ta(TOCOPHEROL) fi
(PHYLLOQUINONE)

rth ek tafi

Disease

R(Rathondi) be(beri-beri) sa (scurvy) re(ricktes) vha(Banjhpan) pr(thkka na jmna) h.

Rbe sare vha pr h.

Vitamins B Chemical Name

Tha(Thaimine) ra(riboflavin) nya(niacin) pant(Pantothenic) ox(Pyridoxine) bael(biotin)

faad(Folic acid) diya(cynocobalmin).

Thara nya pant ox bael ne faad diya.

6. In what form is the energy derived from the food that we eat is stored in our
body?
1. Maltose
2. Glucose
3. Glycogen
4. Starch

Maltose: - A product of the breakdown of starches during digestion.

Glycogen is store in Liver & Muscles.
Glucose: major source of energy for the body's cells
Starch – food store in plants in form of starch.

7. Which of the following is NOT the correct match?

1. The acid present in tomato – Formic acid
2. The acid present in orange – citric acid
3. The acid present in grapes – Tartaric acid
4. The acid present in rancid butter – Butyric acid

Acid present in tomatoes is Oxalic Acid - C2H2O4

Formic Acid - CH₂O₂ (Methanoic acid) (Ants, bees)

Citric Acid - C₆H₈O₇

Tartaric acid - C4H6O6

Butyric acid - C4H8O2 (Butanoic acid).

 8. Which of the following animals have a single opening in their digestive system that
serves both as a mouth and an anus?

1. Arachnids
2. Echinoderms
3. Platyhelminthes
4. Arthropods

PORIFERA – Spongilla
COELENTERATA (CNIDARIA) – Hyrda, Seaanemone
PLATYHELMINTHES – Planaria, Tapeworm, Liverfluke.
Nematoda – Ascaris, Wucharia.
ANNELIDA – Earthworm, Leech.
ARTHROPODA – cockroach, musca, spider.
ECHINODERMATA - (spiny mammal) – Sea star.
Mollusca – Octopus.
Arachnida – Spider.

9. Identify the organism that is NOT a pseudocoelomate.

1. Ancylostoma
2. Ascaris
3. Wuchereria
4. Scorpions

A pseudocoelomate is an organism with body cavity that is not derived from the
mesoderm, as in a true coelom, or body cavity.

10. What is the outermost layer found in the cell envelope of the bacterial cell called?
1. Glycocalyx
2. Cell membrane
3. Plasma membrane
4. Cytoplasm
11. Which of the following statement is correct?
I. The nutrition requirements of adolescents are higher than adult.
II. Adolescents are generally grouped in the age group of 10 to 19 years.
1. Only II
2. Both I and II
3. Neither I nor II
4. Only I

12. Identify an example of decomposers that are found in the bottom of a pond.
1. Zooplankton
2. Jellyfishes
3. Flagellates
4. Phytoplankton

The decomposers of the pond ecosystem are fungi, bacteria and flagellates

13. There are ______ main types of cell division.

1. 4
2. 2
3. 3
4. 5

There are two types of cell division: mitosis and meiosis

Mitosis : Exact copies of the cells – Body Cells.
Meiosis: Cell Division to form new cells – Sperm cell, egg cell.
14. Husk of a coconut is made of ______ tissue.
1. Collenchyma
2. Xylem
3. Scherenchyma
4. Parenchyma

This tissue generally stores food. In some situations, it contains chlorophyll and performs
Photosynthesis, and then it is called chlorenchyma.
In aquatic plants, large air cavities are present in parenchyma to help
them float. Such a parenchyma type is called aerenchyma.
The flexibility in plants is due to another permanent tissue, collenchyma.
We have seen the husk of a coconut. It is made of sclerenchymatous
tissue. The cells of this tissue are dead.

15. Which of the following options is NOT correct about plant cells?
1. Cell wall of a plant cell is made up of cellulose.
2. The plant cells cannot divide by mitosis.
3. A plant cell usually contains a large vacuole.
4. Generally, all plant cells contain chloroplast.

Plastids are present only in plant cells. There are two types of plastids – chromoplasts
(coloured plastids) and leucoplasts (white or colourless plastids). Chromoplasts
containing the pigment chlorophyll are known as chloroplasts. Chloroplasts are
important for photosynthesis in plants. Chloroplasts also contain various yellow or
orange pigments in addition to chlorophyll. Leucoplasts are primarily organelles in which
materials such as starch, oils and protein granules are stored.

16. Identify an option that does NOT represent prokaryotic cells.

1. Mycoplasma
2. Blue-green alga
3. Sperm
4. Pleuropneumonia-like organism

17. Roquefortine C is found in:

1. Meat
2. chicken
3. Egg
4. Cheese

18. Identify the animal that is NOT a non-chordate.

1. Repltiles
2. Arthropods
3. Porifera
4. Arachnids

Non-chordates are creatures that do not have a notochord, which is a rod-like elastic
structure that provides support for the whole body.

19. A group of ribosomes attached to mRNA is known as:

1. polypeptide
2. polysomes
3. polymer
4. Monomer

A polypeptide is a continuous, unbranched chain of amino acids joined by peptide bonds.

A polyribosome is a group of ribosomes bound to an mRNA molecule like “beads” on a “thread”.

Monomers are atoms or small molecules that bond together to form more complex structures
such as polymers.

Three main types of RNA are involved in protein synthesis.

messenger RNA (mRNA), transfer RNA (tRNA), and ribosomal RNA (rRNA).

A ribosome is an intercellular structure made of both RNA and protein, and it is the site of
protein synthesis in the cell.

20. Identify a protein-digesting enzyme.

1. lipase
2. Amylase
3. Collagen
4. Pepsin

Lipase - digest fats

Amylase – digest carbohydrates.

Collagen - Collagen is the main structural protein in the extracellular matrix found in the
body's various connective tissues.

21. Match the Column-A with Column-B

Column-a (organelle) Column-b (funcition)

i.Mitochondria a. protein synthesis

ii. Ribosomes b. regulation of activity of a cell

 iii. Nucleus c. Digestive system of a cell
iiii. Lysosomes d. Energy generation

1. i-c, ii-a, iii-d, iv-c

2. i-b, ii-a, iii-c, iv-d
3. i-a, ii-b, iii-c, iv-d
4. i-d, ii-a, iii-b, iv-c

22. An undifferentiated layer, ______, is present in between the ectoderm and the
endoderm.
1. Coeliea
2. Acoelomea
3. Ectinoglea
4. Mesoglea

Mesoglea refers to the extracellular matrix found in cnidarians like coral or jellyfish that
functions as a hydrostatic skeleton.

23. Identify an example of diploblastic animals.

1. Platyhelminthes
2. Arachnids
3. Chordates
4. Coelenterates

Diploblastic - having a body derived from only two embryonic cell layers (ectoderm and
endoderm, but no mesoderm), as in sponges and coelenterates.

Triploblastic - having a body derived from three embryonic cell layers (ectoderm, mesoderm,
and endoderm), as in all multicellular animals except sponges and coelenterates.

25. In a food chain, secondary producers are ______.

1. omnivores
2. herbivores
3. carnivores
4. Decomposers

Grass (Producer), Grasshopper (Primary consumer), Frog (Secondary Consumer),

Python (Tertiary Consumer).

26. Match column A with Column B

Column A Column B
 i. kwashiorkor a. Idodine deficiency
ii. Weak bones and muscles b. Iron deficiency
iii. Anaemia c. Calcium deficiency
iv. goitre d. protein deficiency
i-c, ii-b, iii-d, iv-a
2. i-b, ii-a, iii-c, iv-d
3. i-d, ii-c, iii-b, iv-a
4. i-b, ii-c, iii-a, iv-d

27. Which nutrient is chlorella rich in?

1. Roughage
2. Carbohydrates
3. Fats
4. Protein

Chlorella – 50-60% Protein

Vitamin B12 , Iron & Vitamin C.

28.In leaves transpiration takes place through ______.

1. Stomata
2. Cork cell
3. Epidermal cell
4. Guard cells

Stomata regulate gas exchange between the plant and environment and control of
water loss by changing the size of the stomatal pore.

Epidermal – Cell that is a part of the outer layer of an organism.

Guard Cells - Guard cells are pairs of epidermal cells that control gas diffusion by
regulating the opening and closure of stomatal pores.

These cells also contain a chemical named suberin in their cell walls which does not
allow them to be permeable to gases and water and found in periphery of roots and
stems of growth plants.
 29. Identify the function of the enzyme trypsin.
1. Digesting proteins
2. Breaking down carbohydrates
3. Digesting roughage and fats
4. Emulsifying insulin

Trypsin is a digestive enzyme produced in the pancreas as an inactive precursor,

trypsinogen. It is then secreted into the small intestine, where enterokinase proteolytic
cleavage activates it into trypsin.

30. ______ is a group of cells similar in structure and function.

1. Organ system
2. Organ
3. Tissue
4. Molecule

Cells =>Tissue => Organ => Organ System.

31. What is the set of ecosystem called?

1. Stratosphere
2. Hydrosphere
3. Biome
4. Atmosphere

A biome is an area classified according to the species that live in that location.

32. Identify the correct statement about green algae.

1. Green algae usually have a soft cell wall made of an inner layer of pectose.
2. Green algae usually have a rigid cell wall made of an inner layer of protein and an
outer layer of fibre.
3. Green algae usually have a rigid cell wall made of an inner layer of cellulose and an
outer layer of pectose.
4. Green algae usually have a rigid cell wall made of an inner layer of fat and an outer
layer of protein.

The cell wall of green algae is made up of both cellulose and pectose. The outer layer is
made up of pectose whereas, the inner layer is made up of cellulose.

34. Identify an example of organisms that do NOT belong to the third trophic level.
1. Fishes
2. Wolves
3. Birds
4. Cows

Cows is a herbivores. So, it is a primary consumer and should be on a secondary

Trophic Level.

35. Identify the statement that is NOT true about ATP.

1. nerve impulse propagation
2. Secretion of enzymes
3. Contraction of muscles
4. Protein synthesis

ATP (Adenosine triphopshate)

ATP is known as the energy currency of the cell. The body uses energy stored in ATP for
making new chemical compounds and for mechanical work.

36. Which enzyme in the pancreatic juice helps in breaking down fats?
1. Protease
2. Pepsin
3. Lipase
4. Amylase

37. Salamander belongs to which of the following classes?

1. Pieces
 2. Reptiles
3. Aves
4. Amphibian

Pieces –

Aves – Birds, These are warm-blooded animals and have a four-chambered heart. They lay
eggs. There

is an outside covering of feathers, and two forelimbs are modified for flight. They breathe through
lungs.

Amphibians - These animals differ from the fish in the lack of scales, in having mucus glands
in the skin, and a three-chambered heart. Respiration is through either gills or lungs. They lay
eggs. These animals are found both in water and on land. Frogs, toads and salamanders are
some examples.

38. In which of the following groups, are all plants monoecious?

1. Maize, Papaya, Poplar and Rose
2. Papaya, Poplar, Rose and Fig
3. Maize, Cucumber, Fig and Melon
4. Cucumber, Papaya, Poplar and Rose

Monoecious plants have both female and male reproductive parts in the same plant.

Dioecious plant: A plant which contains only male reproductive structures or female
reproductive structures in its flowers is called a dioecious plant.
Ex - willow, spinach, date palm, hemp.
39. ______ is the fundamental structural unit of living organisms.
1. Organ system
2. Tissue
3. Organ
4. Cell

40. Identify the longest part of bacterial flagellum.

1. Basal body
2. Hook
3. Tail
4. Filament

41. Which of the following cells line the spongocoels and canals in members of the
phylum Porifera?
1. Somatic cells
 2. Collar cells
3. White cells
4. Sex cells

42. What is the role of ribosomes of a polysome?

1. The ribosomes synthesise the fats
2. The ribosomes of a polysome translate the mRNA into proteins.
3. The ribosomes of a polysome translate the rRNA into proteins.
4. The ribosomes of a monosome translate the rRNA into proteins

43. Identify animals that are NOT triploblastic.

1. Molluscs
2. Chordates
3. Coelenterates
4. Platyhelminthes

44. Identify a marine alga that is used as food.

1. Ulothrix
2. Sargassum
3. Spirogyra
4. Volvox

45. Most of the Chlorophyceae have one or more storage bodies called ______ located in
the chloroplasts.
1. Stomata
2. Carotenoids
3. Pyrenoids
4. Chlorophyll

46. Which of the following is a plant tissue?

I. Meristematic tissue
II. Permanent tissue
1. Only II
2. Both I and II
3. Neither I nor II
4. Only I

47. Which food requires a longer small intestine to digest food?

1. Lamb
2. Eggs
3. Grass
4. Chicken
48. Why does one get cramps after sudden physical activity?
1. The build-up of hydrochloric acid in our muscles during sudden activity causes
cramps.
2. The pepsin enzyme releases chemicals that lead to cramps.
3. The oxygen molecules breaks down.
4. The build-up of lactic acid in our muscles during sudden activity causes cramps

It forms when the body breaks down carbohydrates to use for energy when oxygen levels
are low.

Lactic acid formula - C3H6O3

49. Cells of meristematic tissue lack ______.

1. Cellulose wall
2. Vacuoles
3. cytoplasm
4. Nuclei

Cells of meristematic tissue are very active, they have dense cytoplasm, thin cellulose walls
and prominent nuclei. They lack vacuoles.