=1

50b
R = =
a

AS Level PAGE 222

7 A circuit contains three similar lamps A, B and C. The circuit also contains three switches,
S1, S2 and S3, as shown in Fig. 7.1.

A 5, 5, S, R
X

1
0 oo
⑳
S1 S2 S3
⑥

Low voltage
C ⑧ 0 15
-

⑤ ⑥
small current 0
·
Ohne
->
no
heating/no glow 0 meter
B C - constantresistance 01030
lamps
of
&
C C 15
Y

Fig. 7.1

One of the lamps is faulty. In order to detect the fault, an ohm-meter (a meter that measures
resistance) is connected between terminals X and Y. When measuring resistance, the ohm-
meter causes negligible current in the circuit.

Fig. 7.2 shows the readings of the ohm-meter for different switch positions.

switch meter reading

S1 S2 S3 /Ω

open open open ∞

closed open open 15 Ω
open closed open 30 Ω > R=22.52 all lamps work normally
open closed closed 15 Ω broken.
> R=302
Lamp is
shortcircuited.
> R 152
= lamp (is
Fig. 7.2

(a) Identify the faulty lamp, and the nature of the fault.

moltenshort
faulty lamp: .......................................................................................................................
circuited
nature of fault: ............................................................................................................. [2]

(b) Suggest why it is advisable to test the circuit using an ohm-meter that causes negligible
current rather than with a power supply.
low voltage very small
current/no heating
..........................................................................................................................................
resistance.
so thatlamps
offer constant
..................................................................................................................................... [1]

1202 2152 3152

x I, A
* /
- 12V
-

12V

© UCLES 2006 9702/02/M/J/06

51

↑3
1

-
20r

x I, A

o O
1.5V
+

+ -

1.5V
AS Level PAGE 223

(c) Determine the resistance of one of the non-faulty lamps, as measured using the ohm-
meter.

resistance = …………………… Ω [1]

(d) Each lamp is marked 6.0 V, 0.20 A.

Calculate, for one of the lamps operating at normal brightness,

(i) its resistance,

resistance = …………………… Ω [2]

(ii) its power dissipation.

power = …………………… W [2]

(e) Comment on your answers to (c) and (d)(i).

..........................................................................................................................................

..........................................................................................................................................

......................................................................................................................................[2]

© UCLES 2006 9702/02/M/J/06 [Turn over

 240 V > 1500W
AS Level PAGE 229
120 V > 375W

6 An electric heater consists of three similar heating elements A, B and C, connected as shown
in Fig. 6.1.

240 V •
S1 •

A B
inactive
¥ • R . •
>
>
,
% Short
circuited a

S2
>

R =
Ri R2 =
R ✗ O
=
,
R , -1122 R -10 C
S3

Fig. 6.1

Each heating element is rated as 1.5 kW, 240 V and may be assumed to have constant
resistance.
The circuit is connected to a 240 V supply.

(a) Calculate the resistance of one heating element.

P =
V2
I

1500=2,4-202
12=38.41

resistance = ……………….……….. Ω [2]

© UCLES 2008 9702/02/M/J/08

AS Level PAGE 230

(b) The switches S1, S2 and S3 may be either open or closed.

Complete Fig. 6.2 to show the total power dissipation of the heater for the switches in
the positions indicated.

S1 S2 S3 total power / kW

open closed closed Zero ; circuit is

…………………… switched off

closed closed open 1. 5kW

……………………

closed closed closed ……………………

3kW

closed open open ……………………

0.375+0.375 = 0.75

closed open closed ……………………

0.375+0.375+1.5 = 2.25

[5]

Fig. 6.2

© UCLES 2008 9702/02/M/J/08 [Turn over