UNIT TEST – 01, JULY - 2024

STD: 11 CHEMISTRY ANSWERKEY

TIME: 90 MINUTES MAXIMUM MARKS: 35
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

I. Answer all the questions. Choose the correct answer from the given four alternatives and
write the option code and the corresponding answer. (5x1=5)
12
1. a) 6C
2. a) 9
3. b) NH3(g)
4. c) CnH2n-2
5. a) 102g

II. Answer any three questions. Question No.8 is compulsory. (3x2=6)

6. Define Relative Atomic Mass?
The relative atomic mass of element is defined as the ratio of mass of one atom of the element
to the mass of 1/12th mass of one atom of carbon-12
𝑀𝑎𝑠𝑠 𝑜𝑓 𝑜𝑛𝑒 𝑎𝑡𝑜𝑚 𝑜𝑓 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑒𝑙𝑒𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑡
Relative atomic mass (Ar) = 1
𝑀𝑎𝑠𝑠 𝑜𝑓12𝑡ℎ 𝑚𝑎𝑠𝑠 𝑜𝑓 𝑜𝑛𝑒 𝑎𝑡𝑜𝑚 𝑜𝑓 𝐶𝑎𝑟𝑏𝑜𝑛−12
𝑀𝑎𝑠𝑠 𝑜𝑓 𝑜𝑛𝑒 𝑎𝑡𝑜𝑚 𝑜𝑓 𝑎𝑛 𝑒𝑙𝑒𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑡
=
1.6605 𝑋 10−27 𝐾𝑔
7. State Boyle’s Law?
At a given temperature the volume occupied by a fixed mass of a gas is inversely proportional
1
to its pressure. Mathematically, Boyle’s law can be written as V ∝ …………..(1)
𝑃
1
(T and n are fixed, T-temperature, n-number of moles) V = k × ………..…(2)
𝑃
k – proportionality constant PV = k (at constant temperature and mass)
8. How many Orbitals are possible for n = 4?
If n = 4, the possible number of orbitals are calculated as follows.
n l m
If n = 4 0 4s orbital = 1 orbital
1 -1, 0, 1 = 3 orbitals
2 -2, -1, 0, 1, 2 = 5 orbitals
3 -3, -2, -1, 0, 1, 2, 3 = 7 orbitals
⸫ Total number of orbitals = 16 orbitals.
9. Calculate the equivalent mass of Sulphuric acid?
H2SO4 basicity = 2eq mol-1
Molar mass of H2SO4 = (2 x 1) + (1 x 32) + (4 x 16) = 98 g mol-1
98
Gram equivalent of H2SO4 = = 49 g eq-1
2
10. Write a note on Homologous Series?
Homologous series: A series of organic compounds each containing a characteric
functional group and the successive members differ from each other in molecular formula
by a CH2 group is called homologous series.
 Eg.
o Alkanes: Methane (CH4), Ethane (C2H6), Propane (C3H8) etc.
o Alcohols: Methanol (CH3OH), Ethanol (C2H5OH) Propanol (C3H7OH) etc.)
Compounds of the homologous series are represented by a general formula Alkanes CnH2n+2,
Alkenes CnH2n, Alkynes CnH2n-2 and can be prepared by general methods. They show regular
gradation in physical properties but have almost similar chemical property
III. Answer any three questions. Question No.15 is compulsory. (3x3=9)
11. Distinguish between Oxidation and Reduction.
Oxidation Reduction
(i) Addition of oxygen and removal of Additional of hydrogen and removal of
hydrogen oxygen
(ii) This process involves loss of electrons This process involves gain electrons.
–
Fe → Fe + e
2+ 3+
Cu2+ + 2e– → Cu
(iii) Oxidation number increases Oxidation number decreases
(iv) Ca + S → Ca2+ + 2e– Zn2+ + 2e– → Zn
(v) Removal of Metal Addition of metal
2KI + H2O2 →2KOH + I2 HgCl2 + Hg → Hg2Cl2
12. Describe the Aufbau Principle?
The word Aufbau in German means 'building up'. In the
ground state of the atoms, the orbitals are filled in the order
of their increasing energies. That is the electrons first
occupy the lowest energy orbital available to them.
Once the lower energy orbitals are completely filled, then
the electrons enter the next higher energy orbitals. The
order of filling of various orbitals as per the Aufbau
principle which is in accordance with (n+l) rule.
The lower the value of (n+l) for an orbital, the lower is its
energy. If two orbitals have the same value of (n+l), the
orbital with lower value of n will have the lower energy.
13. Derive Ideal gas Equation.

We can combine these equations into the following general equation that describes the physical
behaviour of all gases.

where, R is the proportionality constant called universal gas constant.

14. Give the Electronic Configuration of Mn2+ and Cr3+?
Mn (Z=25-2 = 23) Mn → Mn2+ + 2e-
Mn2+ Electronic configuration is 1s2, 2s2, 2p6, 3s2, 3p6, 4s0, 3d5
Cr (Z=24-3 = 21) Cr → Cr3+ + 3e-
So, Cr3+ Electronic configuration is 1s2, 2s2, 2p6, 3s2, 3p6, 4s0, 3d3
15. Give the IUPAC names of the following Compounds.
(i) CH2=CH-CH=CH2 Buta-1,3-diene
(ii) 2-bromo-3-methylbutane

IV. Answer all the questions. (3x5=15)

16.(a) Calculate the Empirical and molecular formula of the compound containing 76.6%
Carbon, 6.38% Hydrogen and rest Oxygen. Its Vapour density is 47.
Element Percentage Atomic Relative number of Simple ratio Whole no
mass atoms
76.6 6.38
C 76.6 12 = 6.38 =6 6
12 1.06
6.38 6.38
H 6.38 1 = 6.38 =6 6
1 1.06
17.02 1.06
O 17.02 16 = 1.06 =1 1
16 1.06
Empirical formula = C6H6O
𝑀𝑜𝑙𝑎𝑟 𝑚𝑎𝑠𝑠
n =
𝐶𝑎𝑙𝑐𝑢𝑙𝑎𝑡𝑒𝑑 𝑒𝑚𝑝𝑖𝑟𝑖𝑐𝑎𝑙 𝑓𝑜𝑟𝑚𝑢𝑙𝑎 𝑚𝑎𝑠𝑠
2 ×𝑣𝑎𝑝𝑜𝑢𝑟 𝑑𝑒𝑛𝑠𝑖𝑡𝑦 2 ×47
= = = 1,
94 94
since Molar mass = 2 x Vapour density
molecular formula = n × empirical formula
⸫ molecular formula (C6H6O) × 1 = C6H6O
(OR)
(b) Write a short note on (i) Principle Quantum number (ii) Azimuthal Quantum
number.
Principle Quantum number:
This quantum number represents the energy level in which electron revolves around the nucleus
and is denoted by the symbol 'n'.
The 'n' can have the values 1, 2, 3,… n=1 represents K shell; n=2 represents L shell and n =
3, 4, 5 represent the M, N, O shells, respectively.
The maximum number of electrons that can be accommodated in a given shell is 2n2.
−1312.8(𝑍 2 )
'n' gives the energy of the electron, En = kJ mol-1 and the distance of the electron
𝑛2
(0.529)𝑛2
from the nucleus is given by rn = Å
𝑍
Azimuthal Quantum number:
It is denoted by the letter 'ml'. It takes integral values ranging from -l to +l through 0. i.e. if
l=1; m = -1, 0 and +1
Different values of m for a given l value, represent different orientation of orbitals in space.
The Zeeman Effect (the splitting of spectral lines in a magnetic field) provides the
experimental justification for this quantum number.
The magnitude of the angular momentum is determined by the quantum number l while its
direction is given by magnetic quantum number.
17.(a) Derive the values of Critical constants in terms of Vander Waals Constants.
The van der Waals equation for n moles is

For 1 mole

From the equation we can derive the values of critical constants Pc, Vc and Tc in terms of a and
b, the van der Waals constants, On expanding the above equation

Multiply equation (6.24) by V2 / P

When the above equation is rearranged in powers of V

The equation (6.26) is a cubic equation in V. On solving this equation, we will get three
solutions. At the critical point all these three solutions of V are equal to the critical volume
VC. The pressure and temperature becomes Pc and Tc respectively

As equation (6.26) is identical with equation (6.27), we can equate the coefficients of V2, V
and constant terms in (6.26) and (6.27).

Divide equation (6.30) by equation (6.29)

when equation (6.31) is substituted in (6.29)

substituting the values of Vc and Pc in equation (6.28),

The critical constants can be calculated using the values of van der waals constant of a gas and
vice versa.

(OR)
(b) (i) Derive De-Broglie Equation?
de-Broglie combined the following two equations of energy of which one represents wave
character (hυ) and the other represents the particle nature (mc2).
(i) Planck’s quantum hypothesis: E = hν
(ii) Einstein's mass-energy relationship: E = mc2
From eq. (i) and (ii) hν = mc2
hc/λ = mc2 ⸫ λ = h / mc
The equation represents the wavelength of photons whose momentum is given by mc
(Photons have zero rest mass)
For a particle of matter with mass m and moving with a velocity v, the equation can be
written as ⸫ λ = h / mv
This is valid only when the particle travels at speeds much less than the speed of Light.
(ii) Calculate the Oxidation number of underlined elements (a) SO2 (b) CH2F2
(a) SO2 = x + 2(-2) ⟹ x = +4 ⟹ S = +2
(b) CH2F2 = x + 2(+1) + 2(-1) ⟹ x = 0 ⟹ C = 0

18.(a) (i) Give the General Characteristics of Organic Compound.

They are covalent compounds of carbon and generally insoluble in water and readily soluble
in organic solvent such as benzene, toluene, ether, chloroform etc...
Many of the organic compounds are inflammable (except CCl4). They possess low boiling
and melting points due to their covalent nature
Organic compounds are characterized by functional groups. A functional group is an atom
or a specific combination of bonded atoms that react in a characteristic way, irrespective of
the organic molecule in which it is present. In almost all the cases, the reaction of an organic
compound takes place at the functional group. They exhibit isomerism which is a unique
phenomenon.
Homologous series: A series of organic compounds each containing a characteric
functional group and the successive members differ from each other in molecular formula
by a CH2 group is called homologous series. Eg.
o Alkanes: Methane (CH4), Ethane (C2H6), Propane (C3H8) etc.
o Alcohols: Methanol (CH3OH), Ethanol (C2H5OH) Propanol (C3H7OH) etc.)
Compounds of the homologous series are represented by a general formula Alkanes CnH2n+2,
Alkenes CnH2n, Alkynes CnH2n-2 and can be prepared by general methods. They show regular
gradation in physical properties but have almost similar chemical property.
 (ii) What is meant by a Functional Group?
A functional group is an atom or a specific combination of bonded atoms that react in a
characteristic way, irrespective of the organic molecules in which it is present.
(OR)
(b) Give the Structure of the following Compound.
(i) 3-Chlorobutanol

(ii) 3-ethyl-2-methyl-1-pentene

(iii) 3-methylbutan-2-ol

(iv) Acetaldehyde CH3-CHO

(v) Tertiary butyl iodide

PREPARED BY,
Mr. S.JOHNSON., M.Sc., M.Sc., B.Ed.,
PGT – CHEMISTRY
SACRED HEART MAT. HR. SEC. SCHOOL,
SHOLINGANALLUR, CHENNAI – 600119.